§ 301.92-11 - Inspection and sampling protocols.

§ 301.92-11 Inspection and sampling protocols.

Cross Reference

Link to an amendment published at 84 FR 16194, Apr. 18, 2019.

Type

(

s) of plants in the nursery Type(s) of plants shipped interstate Inspection and certification protocol Origin: Quarantined areas Origin: Regulated areas Regulated articles onlyNoneNot regulatedNot regulated. Regulated articles onlyRegulated articles§ 301.92-11(

a)

§ 301.92-11(c). Associated articles onlyNoneNot regulatedNot regulated. Associated articles onlyAssociated articles§ 301.92-11(a)§ 301.92-11(c). Regulated and associated articles onlyRegulated or associated articles, or both§ 301.92-11(a)§ 301.92-11(c). Regulated and associated articles and non-hostsNoneNot regulatedNot regulated. Regulated and associated articles and non-hostsRegulated or associated articles, or both§ 301.92-11(a)§ 301.92-11(c). Regulated and associated articles and non-hostsNon-hosts only§ 301.92-11(a)§ 301.92-11(c). Non-hosts onlyNoneNot regulatedNot regulated. Non-hosts onlyNon-hosts§ 301.92-11(b)§ 301.92-11(d). Decorative trees without roots (e.g., Christmas trees)Proven host plant taxa§ 301.92-11(a)Not regulated. Decorative trees without roots (e.g., Christmas trees)Associated plant taxaNot regulatedNot regulated.

(a) Nurseries in quarantined areas shipping regulated articles of nursery stock and associated articles interstate -

(1) Nurseries in which Phytophthora ramorum has not been detected since March 31, 2011. To meet the requirements of § 301.92-5(a)(1)(iv), nurseries that are located in quarantined areas

and

, that move regulated articles of nursery stock, decorative trees without roots, wreaths, garlands, or greenery, associated articles, or non-host nursery stock interstate, and in which Phytophthora ramorum has not been detected since March 31, 2011, must meet the following requirements

in this section. Nurseries

. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements

of this section

are prohibited from moving regulated articles and associated articles interstate.

Nurseries

Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements

of this section

or those in paragraph (b) of this section are prohibited from moving non-host nursery stock interstate.

(

1

i) Annual inspection, sampling, and testing -

(

i

A) Inspection . The nursery must be inspected annually for symptoms of Phytophthora ramorum by an inspector.

^[17]

Inspectors will visually inspect for symptomatic plants throughout the nursery, and inspection will focus on, but not be limited to, regulated articles and associated articles.

(

ii

B) Sampling. A minimum of 40 plant samples must be tested per nursery location. Samples must be taken from all symptomatic plants if symptomatic plants are present. If fewer than 40 symptomatic plants are present, each symptomatic plant must be sampled and the remainder of the 40 sample minimum must be taken from asymptomatic plants. If no symptomatic plants are present, 40 asymptomatic plants must be sampled; biased toward proven hosts. Each sample may contain more than one leaf, and may come from more than one plant, but all plants in the sample must be from the same lot. Asymptomatic samples, if collected, must be taken from regulated and associated articles and nearby plants. Inspectors must conduct inspections at times when the best expression of symptoms is anticipated and must take nursery fungicide programs into consideration. Nursery owners must keep records of fungicide applications for 2 years and must make them available to inspectors upon request.

(

iii

C) Testing. Samples must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS, in accordance with § 301.92-12.

(

iv

D) Annual certification. If all plant samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for Phytophthora ramorum, an inspector may certify that the nursery is free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum infestation at the time of the inspection, and the nursery

will be

is eligible to enter into

a

or maintain its compliance agreement in accordance with § 301.92-6.

^[18]

(

2

ii) Pre-shipment inspection, sampling, and testing -

(

i

A) Inspection. During the 30 days prior to interstate movement from a nursery in a quarantined area, regulated articles or associated articles intended for interstate movement must be inspected for symptoms of Phytophthora ramorum by an inspector.

^[19]

Inspection will focus on, but not be limited to, regulated articles and associated articles. No inspections of shipments will be conducted unless the nursery from which the shipment originates has a current and valid annual certification in accordance with

paragraph (a)(1)(iv) of

this section.

(

A

1) If no symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the shipment may be considered free

of

from evidence of Phytophthora ramorum

infection

and is eligible for interstate movement, provided that the nursery is operating under a compliance agreement with APHIS in accordance with § 301.92-6.

(

B

2) If symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the inspector will collect at least one sample per symptomatic plant, and one sample per regulated article or associated article that is in close proximity to, or that has had physical contact with, a symptomatic plant.

(

ii

B) Testing and withholding from interstate movement. Samples taken in accordance with this paragraph (a)(

2)(i)(B) of this section

1) must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS, in accordance with § 301.92-12. The interstate movement of plants in the shipment is prohibited until the plants in the shipment are determined to be free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum infection in accordance with § 301.92-12.

(

b

2)Nurseries in

quarantined areas shipping non-host nursery stock interstate. Nurseries

which Phytophthora ramorum has been detected since March 31, 2011. To meet the requirements of § 301.92-5(a)(1)(iv), nurseries that are located in quarantined areas

and

, that move regulated articles of nursery stock, decorative trees without roots, wreaths, garlands, or greenery, associated articles, or non-host nursery stock interstate, and in which Phytophthora ramorum has been detected since March 31, 2011, must meet the

requirements of this paragraph or the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.^[20] If such nurseries contain any regulated or associated articles, the nursery must meet the requirements of paragraph (a). This paragraph (b) only applies if there are no regulated or associated articles of nursery stock in the nursery. Nurseries

following requirements. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements are prohibited from moving regulated articles and associated articles interstate. Any such nurseries in quarantined areas that do not meet the following requirements

of paragraphs (a) or

or those in paragraph (b) of this section are prohibited from moving non-host nursery stock interstate.

(

1

i)

Annual visual inspection

Inspections. The nursery must be

visually

inspected at least twice annually for symptoms of Phytophthora ramorum

. Inspections and determinations of freedom from evidence of Phytophthora ramorum infestation must occur at the time when the best expression of symptoms is anticipated.

(2) Sampling. All plants showing symptoms of infection with Phytophthora ramorum upon inspection will be sampled and tested in accordance with § 301.92-12. If symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the following plants must be withheld from interstate shipment until testing is completed and the nursery is found free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum in accordance with this paragraph (b)(3) of this section and § 301.92-12: All symptomatic plants, any plants located in the same lot as the suspect plant, and any plants located within 2 meters of this lot of plants.

(3) Certification. If all plant

infestation by an inspector. The inspection will focus on regulated plants and other potential sources of Phytophthora ramorum inoculum.

(ii) Sampling. Samples must be taken from host plants, soil, standing water, drainage water, water for irrigation, and any other articles determined by the inspector to be possible sources of Phytophthora ramorum inoculum. The number of samples taken may vary depending on the possible sources of inoculum identified at the nursery, as well as the number of host articles in the nursery.

(iii) Testing. Samples must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS in accordance with § 301.92-12.

(iv) Negative results; certification. If all samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for Phytophthora ramorum,

or if

an inspector

determines that plants in a nursery exhibit no signs of infection with Phytophthora ramorum, the inspector

may certify that the nursery is free of

evidence of

Phytophthora ramorum

infestation

at the time of

inspection. Certification is valid for 1 year and must be renewed each year to continue shipping plants interstate.

(c) Nurseries in regulated areas shipping regulated articles of nursery stock or associated articles interstate. To meet the conditions of § 301.92-5(b), any nursery that is located in a regulated area and contains regulated articles of nursery stock or associated articles, and ships any nursery stock interstate must meet the following requirements:

(1) Annual inspection. The nursery must be inspected annually for symptoms of Phytophthora ramorum by an inspector.^[21] Inspection will focus on, but not be limited to, regulated articles of nursery stock and associated articles.

(2) Sampling. Samples must be taken from all symptomatic plants. If fewer than 40 symptomatic plants are present, each symptomatic plant must be sampled and additional samples must be taken from asymptomatic plants so that the minimum number of plants sampled is 40. If no symptomatic plants are present, 40 asymptomatic plants must be sampled. Each sample may contain more than one leaf, and may come from more than one plant, but all plants in the sample must be from the same lot. If samples are collected from asymptomatic plants, the samples must be taken from regulated and associated articles and nearby plants. Inspectors must conduct inspections at times when the best expression of symptoms is anticipated and must take nursery fungicide programs into consideration. Nursery owners must keep records of fungicide applications for 2 years and must make them available to inspectors upon request.

(3) Annual certification. If all plant

the inspection. If the nursery is inspected and determined by an inspector to be free of Phytophthora ramorum inoculum each time it is inspected for 3 consecutive years, the nursery will thereafter be inspected in accordance with paragraph (a)(1) of this section.

(v) Positive results. If any samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return

negative

positive results for Phytophthora ramorum, the

inspector may certify that the nursery is free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum infestation at the time of inspection. Nurseries in a regulated area must have current and valid certification to ship regulated articles of nursery stock and associated articles interstate. If annual certification expires prior to reinspection, all plants in the nursery are prohibited interstate movement until the nursery is inspected, tested, and re-certified in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12. (d) Nurseries in regulated

nursery may ship lots of regulated, restricted, and associated articles interstate pursuant to § 301.92-5(b) only if the lot is determined to be free from Phytophthora ramorum inoculum. The method for this determination will be specified in the nursery's compliance agreement with APHIS.

(b) Nurseries in quarantined areas shipping non-host nursery stock interstate. Nurseries located in

regulated

quarantined areas and that move non-host nursery stock interstate must meet the requirements

in

of this paragraph or the requirements of paragraph (

c

a) of this section. If such nurseries contain any regulated or

associated

restricted articles, the nursery must meet the requirements of paragraph (

c

a) of this section. This paragraph (

d

b) only applies if there are no regulated or associated articles

in

or nursery stock at the nursery. Nurseries that do not meet the requirements of

paragraphs

paragraph (

c

a) of this section or this paragraph (

d

b)

of this section

are prohibited from moving non-host nursery stock interstate.

(1) Annual visual inspection. The nursery must be visually inspected annually for symptoms of Phytophthora ramorum. Inspections and determinations of

apparent pest freedom for such nurseries

freedom from evidence of Phytophthora ramorum infestation must occur at the time when the best expression of symptoms is anticipated.

(2) Sampling. All plants showing symptoms of infection with Phytophthora ramorum upon inspection will be sampled and tested in accordance with § 301.92-12. If symptomatic plants are found upon inspection, the following plants must be withheld from interstate shipment until testing is completed and the nursery is found free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum in accordance with this paragraph (b) and § 301.92-12: All symptomatic plants, any plants located in the same lot as the

symptomatic

suspect plant, and any plants located within 2 meters of

that

this lot of plants.

(3) Certification. If all plant samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for Phytophthora ramorum, or if an inspector at the nursery determines that plants in

the

a nursery exhibit no signs of infection with Phytophthora ramorum, the inspector may certify that the nursery

is

free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum infestation at the time of inspection. Certification is valid for 1 year and must be renewed each year to continue shipping plants interstate.

(

e) Additions to the lists of proven hosts and associated plants. In the event that APHIS informs a nursery owner that additional proven hosts or associated plants exist, but those taxa are not yet listed in this subpart, the following provisions apply: (1) Nurseries operating under a compliance agreement

c) Regulated establishments shipping regulated, restricted, or associated articles of interstate -

(1) Inspections . To meet the conditions of § 301.92-5(b), the regulated establishment must be inspected at least twice annually for symptoms of Phytophthora ramorum infestation by an inspector. The inspection will focus on regulated plants and other potential sources of Phytophthora ramorum inoculum.

(2) Sampling. Samples must be taken from host plants, soil, standing water, drainage water, water for irrigation, growing media, and any other articles determined by the inspector to be possible sources of Phytophthora ramorum inoculum. The number of samples taken may vary depending on the possible sources of inoculum identified at the nursery, as well as the number of host articles in the nursery.

(3) Testing. Samples must be labeled and sent for testing to a laboratory approved by APHIS and must be tested using a test method approved by APHIS in accordance with § 301.92-

6 may continue to ship plants interstate

12.

(4) Negative results; certification. If all samples tested in accordance with this

subpart. (2) Nurseries that had not previously contained any regulated or associated articles, and that had been inspected in accordance with

section and § 301.92-12 return negative results for Phytophthora ramorum, an inspector may certify that the nursery is free of Phytophthora ramorum at the time of the inspection. For purposes of § 301.92-

11

5(b)

(3) and allowed to ship plants interstate without certificate

,

but that contain a newly identified proven host or associated plant must cease interstate shipments of regulated articles and associated hosts until the nursery is reinspected and found free of evidence of Phytophthora ramorum in accordance with § 301.92-11. Nurseries that come under regulation during winter dormancy periods and that are not able to be inspected in accordance with § 301.92-11 prior to desired shipments of non-host nursery stock may be allowed to ship non-host nursery stock interstate at the discretion of an inspector

regulated, restricted, and associated articles at a certified nursery are considered free from Phytophthora ramorum until the time of the next inspection.

(5) Positive results. If any samples tested in accordance with this section and § 301.92-12 return positive results for Phytophthora ramorum, the nursery may ship lots of regulated, restricted, and associated articles interstate pursuant to § 301.92-5(b) only if the lot is determined to be free from Phytophthora ramorum inoculum. The method for this determination will be specified in the nursery's compliance agreement with APHIS.

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0310)

Footnotes - 301.92-11

^[17] Persons operating under compliance agreements are eligible to issue certificates for the interstate movement of regulated and associated articles, but only inspectors are authorized to conduct nursery inspections required under the regulations.

^[18] See footnote 14 of this subpart.

^[19] See footnote 7 of this subpart.

^[20] In addition, to be eligible for interstate movement, non-host nursery stock that is rooted in soil or growing media requires certification that the soil or growing media meets the requirements of § 301.92-5(a)(1)(iii).

^[21] See footnote 7 of this subpart.

[84 FR 16194, Apr. 18, 2019]