§ 1065.710 - Gasoline.  


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  • § 1065.710 Gasoline.

    (a) This section specifies test fuel properties for gasoline with ethanol (low-level blend only) and for gasoline without ethanol. Note that the “fuel type” for the fuels specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section is considered to be gasoline. In contrast, fuels with higher ethanol concentrations, such as fuel containing 82 percent ethanol, are considered to be ethanol fuels rather than gasoline. We specify some test fuel parameters that apply uniquely for low-temperature testing and for testing at altitudes above 1,219 m. For all other testing, use the test fuel parameters specified for general testing. Unless the standard-setting part specifies otherwise, use the fuel specified in paragraph (c) of this section for general testing.

    (b) The following specifications apply for a blended gasoline test fuel that has nominally 10% ethanol (commonly called E10 test fuel):

    (1) Prepare the blended test fuel from typical refinery gasoline blending components. You may not use pure compounds, except as follows:

    (i) You may use neat ethanol as a blendstock.

    (ii) You may adjust the test fuel's vapor pressure by adding butane.

    (iii) You may adjust the test fuel's benzene content by adding benzene.

    (iv) You may adjust the test fuel's sulfur content by adding sulfur compounds that are representative of those found with in-use fuels.

    (2) Table 1 of this section identifies limit values consistent with the units in the reference procedure for each fuel property. These values are generally specified in international units. Values presented in parentheses are for information only. Table 1 follows:

    Table 1 of § 1065.710 - Test Fuel Specifications for a Low-Level Ethanol-Gasoline Blend

    Property Unit Specification Reference procedure1 General testing Low-temperature testing High altitude testing Antiknock Index (R + M)/287.0 - 88.42 87.0 MinimumASTM D2699 and D2700. Sensitivity (R-M)7.5 MinimumASTM D2699 and D2700. Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent (DVPE)3 4 kPa (psi)60.0-63.4 (8.7-9.2)77.2-81.4 (11.2-11.8)52.4-55.2 (7.6-8.0)ASTM D5191. Distillation4 10% evaporated°C ( °F)49-60 (120-140)43-54 (110-130)49-60 (120-140)ASTM D86. 50% evaporated°C ( °F)88-99 (190-210). 90% evaporated°C ( °F)157-168 (315-335). Evaporated final boiling point°C ( °F)193-216 (380-420). Residuemilliliter2.0 Maximum. Total Aromatic Hydrocarbonsvolume %21.0-25.0ASTM D5769. C6 Aromatics (benzene)volume %0.5-0.7. C7 Aromatics (toluene)volume %5.2-6.4. C8 Aromaticsvolume %5.2-6.4. C9 Aromaticsvolume %5.2-6.4. C10 + Aromaticsvolume %4.4-5.6. Olefins5 mass %4.0-10.0ASTM D6550. Ethanol blendedvolume %9.6-10.0See paragraph (b)(3) of this section. Ethanol confirmatory6 volume %9.4-10.2ASTM D4815 or D5599. Total Content of Oxygenates Other than Ethanol6 volume %0.1 MaximumASTM D4815 or D5599. Sulfurmg/kg8.0-11.0ASTM D2622, D5453 or D7039. Leadg/liter0.0026 MaximumASTM D3237. Phosphorusg/liter0.0013 MaximumASTM D3231. Copper CorrosionNo. 1 MaximumASTM D130. Solvent-Washed Gum Contentmg/100 milliliter3.0 MaximumASTM D381. Oxidation Stabilityminute1000 MinimumASTM D525.
    (3) The ethanol

    (3) The ethanol-blended specification in Table 1 of this section is based on the volume % ethanol content of the fuel as determined during blending by the fuel supplier and as stated by the supplier at the time of fuel delivery. Use good engineering judgment to determine the volume % of ethanol based on the volume of each blendstock. We recommend using a flow-based or gravimetric procedure that has an accuracy and repeatability of ±0.1%.

    (c) The specifications of this paragraph (c) apply for testing with neat gasoline. This is sometimes called indolene or E0 test fuel. Gasoline for testing must have octane values that represent commercially available fuels for the appropriate application. Test fuel specifications apply as follows:

    Table 2 of § 1065.710 - Test Fuel Specifications for Neat (E0) Gasoline

    Property Unit Specification Reference procedure 1 a
    General
    testing
    Low-temperature testing
    Distillation Range:
    Evaporated initial boiling point °C24-352 b 24-36ASTM D86.
    10% evaporated °C49-5737-48
    50% evaporated °C93-11082-101
    90% evaporated °C149-163158-174
    Evaporated final boiling point °CMaximum, 213Maximum, 212 Hydrocarbon composition:
    OlefinsTotal Aromatic Hydrocarbonsvolume %Maximum, 1035Maximum, 1730.54ASTM D1319 Aromaticsor ASTM D5769.
    Olefinsc volume %Maximum, 3510Maximum, 30.4 SaturatesRemainderRemainder 17.5ASTM D1319 or ASTM D6550.
    Leadg/literMaximum, 0.013Maximum, 0.013ASTM D3237.
    Phosphorousg/literMaximum, 0.0013Maximum, 0.005ASTM D3231.
    Total sulfurmg/kgMaximum, 80Maximum, 80ASTM D2622.
    Dry vapor pressure equivalent3 d kPa (psi)60.0-63.4 2 4 (8.7-9.2) b e 77.2-81.4 (11.2-11.8)ASTM D5191
    1 ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in
    ASTM D5191.

    (d) Use the high-octane gasoline specified in paragraph (b) of this section only for engines or vehicles for which the manufacturer conditions the warranty on the use of premium gasoline.

    [79 FR 23809, Apr. 28, 2014, as amended at 80 FR 9119, Feb. 19, 2015; 86 FR 34571, June 29, 2021]