§ 52.145 - Visibility protection.

Latest version.

§ 52.145 Visibility protection.
Cross Reference
Link to an amendment published at 87 FR 8426, Feb. 15, 2022.
(a) The requirements of section 169A of the Clean Air Act are not met, because the plan does not include approvable procedures for protection of visibility in mandatory Class I Federal areas.
(b) Regulations for visibility new source review. The provisions of § 52.28 are hereby incorporated and made part of the applicable plan for the State of Arizona only for those stationary sources under the permitting jurisdiction of the Pima County Department of Environmental Quality or the Maricopa County Air Quality Department. The provisions of § 52.28 also remain the applicable plan for any Indian reservation lands, and any other area of Indian country where the EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction, located within the State of Arizona.
(c)-(d) [Reserved]
(e) Approval. On February 28, 2011, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality submitted the “Arizona State Implementation Plan, Regional Haze Under Section 308 of the Federal Regional Haze Rule” (“Arizona Regional Haze SIP”).
(1) [Reserved]
(2) The following portions of the Arizona Regional Haze SIP are disapproved because they do not meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule in 40 CFR 51.301 through 51.308:
(i) The determination that Unit I4 at TEP's Irvington [Sundt] Generating Station is not BART-eligible;
(ii) The portions of the long-term strategy for regional haze related to emission reductions for out-of-state Class I areas, emissions limitations and schedules for compliance to achieve the reasonable progress goal and enforceability of emissions limitations and control measures.
(f) [Reserved]
(g) On May 3, 2013, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) submitted the “Arizona State Implementation Plan Revision, Regional Haze Under Section 308 of the Federal Regional Haze Rule” (“Arizona Regional Haze SIP Supplement”).
(1) The following portions of the Arizona Regional Haze SIP Supplement are disapproved because they do not meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule in 40 CFR 51.301 through 51.308:
(i) The determination that the Chemical Lime Company's Nelson Lime Plant is not subject-to-BART;
(ii) The determination that the Freeport McMoRan Miami Inc (FMMI) Smelter is not subject to BART for NO_X;
(iii) The determination that existing controls constitute BART for SO₂ at the Freeport McMoRan Miami Inc (FMMI) Smelter;
(iv) The determination that the ASARCO Hayden smelter is not subject to BART for NO_X and PM₁₀;
(v) The determination that existing controls constitute BART for SO₂ at ASARCO Hayden Smelter;
(vi) The reasonable progress goals for the first planning period;
(vii) The determination that no additional controls for point sources of NO_X are reasonable for the first planning period; and
(viii) The determination that no additional controls for area sources of NO_X and SO₂ are reasonable for the first planning period.
(2) [Reserved]
(h) Disapproval. The following portions of the Arizona SIP are disapproved because they do not meet the applicable requirements of Clean Air Act sections 169A and 169B and the Regional Haze Rule at 40 CFR 51.309:
(1) Regional Haze State Implementation Plan for the State of Arizona (“Arizona 309 Regional Haze SIP”) submitted by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality on December 23, 2003, with the exception of Chapter 5 (Strategy to Address Reasonably Attributable Visibility Impairment (RAVI)) and Appendix A-5 (Attributable Impairment).
(2) The Arizona Regional Haze State Implementation Plan Revision submitted by the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality on December 31, 2004, with the exception of the provisions already approved at 40 CFR 52.120(c)(131).
(3) Letter from Stephen A. Owens, Director, Arizona Department of Environmental Quality, dated December 24, 2008 re: Submittal of Arizona Regional Haze State Implementation Plan.
(i) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Nelson Lime Plant -
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (i) applies to the owner/operator of the lime kilns designated as Kiln 1 and Kiln 2 at the Nelson Lime Plant located in Yavapai County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (i)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (i):
Ammonia injection shall include any of the following: Anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or urea injection.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of NO_X emissions, SO₂ emissions, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Kiln means either of the kilns identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
Kiln 1 means lime kiln 1, as identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
Kiln 2 means lime kiln 2, as identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
Kiln operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which there is operation of Kiln 1, Kiln 2, or both kilns at any time.
Kiln operation means any period when any raw materials are fed into the Kiln or any period when any combustion is occurring or fuel is being fired in the Kiln.
Lime product means the product of the lime-kiln calcination process, including calcitic lime, dolomitic lime, and dead-burned dolomite.
NO_X means oxides of nitrogen.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises a kiln identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section.
SO₂ means sulfur dioxide.
(3) Emission limitations.
(i) The owner/operator of the kilns identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of the following limitations in pounds of pollutant per ton of lime product (lb/ton), from any kiln. Each emission limit shall be based on a 12-month rolling basis.
Pollutant Emission Limit
Kiln ID NO_X SO₂
Kiln 1 3.80 9.32
Kiln 2 2.61 9.73
(ii) The owner/operator of the kilns identified in paragraph (i)(1) of this section shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of 3.27 tons of NO_X per day and 10.10 tons of SO₂ per day, combined from both kilns, based on a rolling 30-kiln-operating-day basis.
(4) Compliance dates.
(i) The owner/operator of each kiln shall comply with the NO_X emission limitations and other NO_X -related requirements of this paragraph (i) no later than September 4, 2017.
(ii) The owner/operator of each kiln shall comply with the SO₂ emission limitations and other SO₂ -related requirements of this paragraph (i) no later than March 3, 2016.
(5) [Reserved]
(6) Compliance determination -
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance dates specified in paragraph (i)(4) of this section, the owner/operator of kilns 1 and 2 shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure diluent, stack gas volumetric flow rate, and concentration by volume of NO_X and SO₂ emissions into the atmosphere from kilns 1 and 2. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitations in paragraph (i)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual lime production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected kiln is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Ammonia consumption monitoring. Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on a kiln, the owner or operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia consumption for that kiln.
(iii) Compliance determination for lb per ton NO_X limit. Compliance with the NO_X emission limits described in paragraph (i)(3)(i) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 12-month basis. The 12-month rolling NO_X emission rate for each kiln shall be calculated within 30 days following the end of each calendar month in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NO_X emitted for the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total pounds of NO_X emitted over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step two, sum the total lime product, in tons, produced during the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total lime product produced over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step three, divide the total amount of NO_X calculated from Step one by the total lime product calculated from Step two to calculate the 12-month rolling NO_X emission rate for that kiln. Each 12-month rolling NO_X emission rate shall include all emissions and all lime product that occur during all periods within the 12-month period, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(iv) Compliance determination for lb per ton SO₂ limit. Compliance with the SO₂ emission limits described in paragraph (i)(3)(i) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 12-month basis. The 12-month rolling SO₂ emission rate for each kiln shall be calculated within 30 days following the end of each calendar month in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ emitted for the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total pounds of SO₂ emitted over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step two, sum the total lime product, in tons, produced during the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed to calculate the total lime product produced over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step three, divide the total amount of SO₂ calculated from Step one by the total lime product calculated from Step two to calculate the 12-month rolling SO₂ emission rate for that kiln. Each 12-month rolling SO₂ emission rate shall include all emissions and all lime product that occur during all periods within the 12-month period, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(v) Compliance determination for ton per day NO_X limit. Compliance with the NO_X emission limit described in paragraph (i)(3)(ii) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30-kiln-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-kiln operating day NO_X emission rate for the kilns shall be calculated for each kiln operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NO_X emitted from both kilns for the current kiln operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) kiln-operating-day period for both kilns; Step two, divide the total pounds of NO_X calculated from Step one by two thousand (2,000) to calculate the total tons of NO_X; Step three, divide the total tons of NO_X calculated from Step two by thirty (30) to calculate the rolling 30-kiln operating day NO_X emission rate for both kilns. Each rolling 30-kiln operating day NO_X emission rate shall include all emissions that occur from both kilns during all periods within any kiln operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(vi) Compliance determination for ton per day SO₂ limit. Compliance with the SO₂ emission limit described in paragraph (i)(3)(ii) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30-kiln-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-kiln operating day SO₂ emission rate for the kilns shall be calculated for each kiln operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ emitted from both kilns for the current kiln operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) kiln operating days, to calculate the total pounds of SO₂ emitted over the most recent thirty (30) kiln operating day period for both kilns; Step two, divide the total pounds of SO₂ calculated from Step one by two thousand (2,000) to calculate the total tons of SO₂; Step three, divide the total tons of SO₂ calculated from Step two by thirty (30) to calculate the rolling 30-kiln operating day SO₂ emission rate for both kilns. Each rolling 30-kiln operating day SO₂ emission rate shall include all emissions that occur from both kilns during all periods within any kiln operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(7) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) All records of lime production.
(iii) Monthly rolling 12-month emission rates of NO_X and SO₂, calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(iv) Daily rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rates of NO_X and SO₂ calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(v) and (vi) of this section.
(v) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1, as well as the following:
(A) The occurrence and duration of any startup, shutdown, or malfunction, performance testing, evaluations, calibrations, checks, adjustments maintenance, duration of any periods during which a CEMS or COMS is inoperative, and corresponding emission measurements.
(B) Date, place, and time of measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance activity;
(C) Operating conditions at the time of measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance activity;
(D) Date, place, name of company or entity that performed the measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance activity and the methods used; and
(E) Results of the measurement or monitoring equipment maintenance.
(vi) Records of ammonia consumption, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (i)(6)(ii) of this section.
(vii) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, CEMS, and lime production measurement devices.
(viii) All other records specified by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(8) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, electronically via email to aeo__r9@epa.gov. Any data that are required under this section shall be submitted in Excel format. Reports required under paragraphs (i)(8)(iii) through (v) of this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (i)(4) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) Prior to commencing construction of the ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA a summary report of the design of the SNCR system. Elements of this summary report shall include: Reagent type, description of the locations selected for reagent injection, reagent injection rate (expressed as a molar ratio of reagent to NO_X), equipment list, equipment arrangement, and a summary of kiln characteristics that were relied upon as the design basis for the SNCR system.
(ii) By October 3, 2017, the owner/operator shall submit to EPA a summary of any process improvement or debugging activities that were performed on the SNCR system. Elements of this summary report shall include: a description of each process adjustment performed on the SNCR system, a discussion of whether the adjustment affected NO_X emission rate (including CEMS data that may have been recorded while the adjustment was in progress), a description of the range (if applicable) over which the adjustment was examined, and a discussion of how the adjustment will be reflected or accounted for in kiln operating practices. In addition, to the extent that the owner/operator evaluates the impact of varying reagent injection rate on NO_X emissions, the owner/operator shall include the following information: the range of reagent injection rates evaluated (expressed as a molar ratio of reagent to average NO_X concentration), reagent injection rate, average NO_X concentration, lime production rate, kiln flue gas temperature, and the presence of any detached plumes from the kiln exhaust.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily rolling 30-kiln operating day emission rates for NO_X and SO₂, calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the monthly rolling 12-month emission rates for NO_X and SO₂, calculated in accordance with paragraphs (i)(6)(v) and (vi) of this section.
(v) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NO_X and SO₂ limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed any of the emissions limits specified in paragraph (i)(3) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions; specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the kiln; the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known); and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(vi) The owner/operator shall submit a summary of CEMS operation, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(vii) The owner/operator shall submit results of all CEMS performance tests required by 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(viiii) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(9) Notifications. All notifications required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the NO_X emission limits in paragraph (i)(3) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(10) Equipment operations.
(i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner/operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the kilns, including associated air pollution control equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the kilns.
(ii) After completion of installation of ammonia injection on a kiln, the owner/operator shall inject sufficient ammonia to achieve compliance with the NO_X emission limits from paragraph (i)(3) of this section for that kiln while preventing excessive ammonia emissions.
(11) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the kiln would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed can be used to establish whether or not the owner/operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(j) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at H. Wilson Sundt Generating Station -
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (j) applies to the owner/operator of the electricity generating unit (EGU) designated as Unit I4 at the H. Wilson Sundt Generating Station located in Tucson, Pima County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (j)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (j):
Ammonia injection shall include any of the following: Anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia, or urea injection.
Boiler operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which any fuel is combusted at any time in the unit.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by 40 CFR part 75 and this paragraph (j).
MMBtu means one million British thermal units.
Natural gas means a naturally occurring fluid mixture of hydrocarbons as defined in 40 CFR 72.2.
NO_X means oxides of nitrogen.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises the EGU identified in paragraph (j)(1) of this section.PM means total filterable particulate matter.
PM₁₀ means total particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter.
SO₂ means sulfur dioxide.
Unit means the EGU identified paragraph (j)(1) of this section.
(3) Emission limitations. The owner/operator of the unit shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of the following limitations, in pounds of pollutant per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu), from the subject unit.
Pollutant Pollutant
emission
limit
NO_X 0.36
PM 0.030
SO₂ 0.23
(4) Alternative emission limitations. The owner/operator of the unit may choose to comply with the following limitations in lieu of the emission limitations listed in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(i) The owner/operator of the unit shall combust only natural gas or natural gas combined with landfill gas in the subject unit.
(ii) The owner/operator of the unit shall not emit or cause to be emitted pollutants in excess of the following limitations, in pounds of pollutant per million British thermal units (lb/MMBtu), from the subject unit.
Pollutant Pollutant
emission
limit
NO_X 0.25
PM₁₀ 0.010
SO₂ 0.057
(iii) If the results of the initial performance test conducted in accordance with paragraph (j)(8)(iv) of this section show PM₁₀ emissions greater than the limit in paragraph (j)(4)(ii) of this section, the owner/operator may elect to comply with an emission limit equal to the result of the initial performance test, in lieu of the PM₁₀ emission limit in paragraph (j)(4)(ii).
(5) Compliance dates.
(i) The owner/operator of the unit subject to this paragraph (j)(5) shall comply with the NO_X and SO₂ emission limitations of paragraph (j)(3) of this section no later than September 4, 2017.
(ii) The owner/operator of the unit subject to this paragraph (j)(5) shall comply with the PM emission limitation of paragraph (j)(3) of this section no later than April 16, 2015.
(6) Alternative compliance dates. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with paragraph (j)(4) of this section in lieu of paragraph (j)(3) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall comply with the NO_X, SO₂, and PM₁₀ emission limitations of paragraph (j)(4) of this section no later than December 31, 2017.
(7) Compliance determination -
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system.
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(5)(i) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure SO₂, NO_X, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitations for NO_X and SO₂ in paragraph (j)(3) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least 90 percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(B) The owner/operator of the unit shall comply with the quality assurance procedures for CEMS found in 40 CFR part 75. In addition to the requirements in part 75 of this chapter, relative accuracy test audits shall be calculated for both the NO_X and SO₂ pounds per hour measurement and the heat input measurement. The CEMS monitoring data shall not be bias adjusted. Calculations of relative accuracy for lb/hour of NO_X, SO₂, and heat input shall be performed each time the CEMS undergo relative accuracy testing.
(ii) Ammonia consumption monitoring. Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on the unit, the owner/operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia consumption for that unit.
(iii) Compliance determination for NO_X . Compliance with the NO_X emission limit described in paragraph (j)(3) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30 boiler-operating-day basis. The 30-boiler-operating-day rolling NO_X emission rate for the unit shall be calculated for each boiler operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NO_X emitted for the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total pounds of NO_X emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step two, sum the total heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total heat input over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step three, divide the total amount of NO_X calculated from Step one by the total heat input calculated from Step two to calculate the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NO_X emission rate, in pounds per MMBtu for that unit. Each rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NO_X emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction. If a valid NO_X pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for the unit, that heat input and NO_X pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day emission rate.
(iv) Compliance determination for SO₂ . Compliance with the SO₂ emission limit described in paragraph (j)(3) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30 boiler-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-boiler-operating-day SO₂ emission rate for the unit shall be calculated for each boiler operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ emitted for the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total pounds of SO₂ emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step two, sum the total heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler operating days to calculate the total heat input over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step three, divide the total amount of SO₂ calculated from Step one by the total heat input calculated from Step two to calculate the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day SO₂ emission rate, in pounds per MMBtu for that unit. Each rolling 30-boiler-operating-day SO₂ emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction. If a valid SO₂ pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for the unit, that heat input and SO₂ pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day emission rate.
(v) Compliance determination for PM. Compliance with the PM emission limit described in paragraph (j)(3) of this section shall be determined from annual performance stack tests. Within sixty (60) days either preceding or following the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (j)(5)(ii) of this section, and on at least an annual basis thereafter, the owner/operator of the unit shall conduct a stack test on the unit to measure PM using EPA Methods 1 through 5, in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A. Each test shall consist of three runs, with each run at least one hundred twenty (120) minutes in duration and each run collecting a minimum sample of sixty (60) dry standard cubic feet. Results shall be reported in lb/MMBtu using the calculation in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, Method 19.
(8) Alternative compliance determination. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (j)(4) of this section, this paragraph (j)(8) may be used in lieu of paragraph (j)(7) of this section to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(4) of this section.
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system.
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit shall maintain, calibrate, and operate CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR part 75, to accurately measure NO_X, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. All valid CEMS hourly data shall be used to determine compliance with the emission limitation for NO_X in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. When the CEMS is out-of-control as defined by 40 CFR part 75, the CEMS data shall be treated as missing data and not used to calculate the emission average. Each required CEMS must obtain valid data for at least ninety (90) percent of the unit operating hours, on an annual basis.
(B) The owner/operator of the unit shall comply with the quality assurance procedures for CEMS found in 40 CFR part 75. In addition to these part 75 requirements, relative accuracy test audits shall be calculated for both the NO_X pounds per hour measurement and the heat input measurement. The CEMS monitoring data shall not be bias adjusted. Calculations of relative accuracy for lb/hr of NO_X and heat input shall be performed each time the CEMS undergo relative accuracy testing.
(ii) Compliance determination for NO_X . Compliance with the NO_X emission limit described in paragraph (j)(4) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 30 boiler-operating-day basis. The rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NO_X emission rate for the unit shall be calculated for each boiler operating day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NO_X emitted for the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating-days to calculate the total pounds of NO_X emitted over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step two, sum the total heat input, in MMBtu, during the current boiler operating day and the preceding twenty-nine (29) boiler-operating-days to calculate the total heat input over the most recent thirty (30) boiler-operating-day period for that unit; Step three, divide the total amount of NO_X calculated from Step one by the total heat input calculated from Step two to calculate the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NO_X emission rate, in pounds per MMBtu for that unit. Each rolling 30-boiler-operating-day NO_X emission rate shall include all emissions and all heat input that occur during all periods within any boiler operating day, including emissions from startup, shutdown, and malfunction. If a valid NO_X pounds per hour or heat input is not available for any hour for the unit, that heat input and NO_X pounds per hour shall not be used in the calculation of the rolling 30-boiler-operating-day emission rate.
(iii) Compliance determination for SO₂ . Compliance with the SO₂ emission limit for the unit shall be determined from fuel sulfur documentation demonstrating the use of either natural gas or natural gas combined with landfill gas.
(iv) Compliance determination for PM₁₀ . Compliance with the PM₁₀ emission limit for the unit shall be determined from performance stack tests. Within sixty (60) days following the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section, and at the request of the Regional Administrator thereafter, the owner/operator of the unit shall conduct a stack test on the unit to measure PM₁₀ using EPA Methods 1 through 4, 201A, and Method 202, per 40 CFR part 51, appendix M. Each test shall consist of three runs, with each run at least one hundred twenty (120) minutes in duration and each run collecting a minimum sample of sixty (60) dry standard cubic feet. Results shall be reported in lb/MMBtu using the calculation in 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, Method 19.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) CEMS data measuring NO_X in lb/hr, SO₂ in lb/hr, and heat input rate per hour.
(ii) Daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates of NO_X and SO₂ calculated in accordance with paragraphs (j)(7)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(iii) Records of the relative accuracy test for NO_X lb/hr and SO₂ lb/hr measurement, and hourly heat input measurement.
(iv) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(vi) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(vii) Records of ammonia consumption for the unit, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (j)(7)(ii) of this section.
(viii) All PM stack test results.
(10) Alternative recordkeeping requirements. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (j)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall maintain the records listed in this paragraph (j)(10) in lieu of the records contained in paragraph (j)(9) of this section. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) CEMS data measuring NO_X in lb/hr and heat input rate per hour.
(ii) Daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates of NO_X calculated in accordance with paragraph (j)(8)(ii) of this section.
(iii) Records of the relative accuracy test for NO_X lb/hr measurement and hourly heat input measurement.
(iv) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(vi) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 75.
(vii) Records sufficient to demonstrate that the fuel for the unit is natural gas or natural gas combined with landfill gas.
(viii) All PM₁₀ stack test results.
(11) Notifications. All notifications required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901.
(i) By March 31, 2017, the owner/operator shall submit notification by letter whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(3) of this section or whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. In the event that the owner/operator does not submit timely and proper notification by March 31, 2017, the owner/operator may not choose to comply with the alternative emission limits in paragraph (j)(4) of this section and shall comply with the emission limits in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with either the NO_X or SO₂ emission limits in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(v) The owner/operator shall submit notification of its intent to comply with the PM₁₀ emission limit in paragraph (j)(4)(iii) of this section within one hundred twenty (120) days following the compliance deadline specified in paragraph (j)(6) of this section. The notification shall include results of the initial performance test and the resulting applicable emission limit.
(12) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (j)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates for NO_X and SO₂.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emission reports for NO_X and SO₂ limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emission limits specified in paragraph (j)(3) of this section. Excess emission reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions; specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit; the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known); and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit a summary of CEMS operation, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit the results of any relative accuracy test audits performed during the two preceding calendar quarters.
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(vi) The owner/operator shall submit results of any PM stack tests conducted for demonstrating compliance with the PM limit specified in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(13) Alternative reporting requirements. If the owner/operator chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (j)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit the reports listed in this paragraph (j)(13) in lieu of the reports contained in paragraph (j)(12) of this section. All reports required under this paragraph (j)(13) shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this paragraph (j)(13) shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date(s) in paragraph (j)(6) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily rolling 30-boiler operating day emission rates for NO_X.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NO_X limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emission limit specified in paragraph (j)(4) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions; specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit; the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known); and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit the results of any relative accuracy test audits performed during the two preceding calendar quarters.
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(vi) The owner/operator shall submit results of any PM₁₀ stack tests conducted for demonstrating compliance with the PM₁₀ limit specified in paragraph (j)(4) of this section.
(14) Equipment operations.
(i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner/operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit, including associated air pollution control equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator, which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(ii) After completion of installation of ammonia injection on a unit, the owner/operator shall inject sufficient ammonia to achieve compliance with the NO_X emission limit contained in paragraph (j)(3) of this section for that unit while preventing excessive ammonia emissions.
(15) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed can be used to establish whether or not the owner/operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(k) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Clarkdale Cement Plant and Rillito Cement Plant -
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (k) applies to each owner/operator of the following cement kilns in the state of Arizona: Kiln 4 located at the cement plant in Clarkdale, Arizona, and kiln 4 located at the cement plant in Rillito, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (k)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (k):
Ammonia injection shall include any of the following: Anhydrous ammonia, aqueous ammonia or urea injection.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system), a permanent record of NO_X emissions, diluent, or stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Kiln operating day means a 24-hour period between 12 midnight and the following midnight during which the kiln operates at any time.
Kiln operation means any period when any raw materials are fed into the kiln or any period when any combustion is occurring or fuel is being fired in the kiln.
NO_X means nitrogen oxides.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises a cement kiln identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section.
Unit means a cement kiln identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section.
(3) Emissions limitations.
(i) The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NO_X in excess of 2.12 pounds of NO_X per ton of clinker produced, based on a rolling 30-kiln operating day basis.
(ii) The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Rillito Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NO_X in excess of 3.46 pounds of NO_X per ton of clinker produced, based on a rolling 30-kiln operating day basis.
(4) Alternative emissions limitation. In lieu of the emission limitation listed in paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section, the owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant may choose to comply with the following limitation by providing notification per paragraph (k)(13)(iv) of this section. The owner/operator of kiln 4 of the Clarkdale Plant, as identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, shall not emit or cause to be emitted from kiln 4 NO_X in excess of 810 tons per year, based on a rolling 12-month basis.
(5) Compliance date.
(i) The owner/operator of each unit identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this section shall comply with the NO_X emissions limitations and other NO_X-related requirements of this paragraph (k)(3) of this section no later than December 31, 2018.
(ii) If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limit of paragraph (k)(4) of this section in lieu of paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section, the owner/operator shall comply with the NO_X emissions limitations and other NO_X-related requirements of paragraph (k)(4) of this section no later than December 31, 2018.
(6) [Reserved]
(7) Compliance determination -
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system.
(A) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Clarkdale Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NO_X, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the in-line/raw mill stack, as well as the stack gas volumetric flow rate from the coal mill stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(B) At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Rillito Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NO_X, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the unit. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(3) of this section, in combination with data on actual clinker production. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Methods.
(A) The owner/operator of each unit shall record the daily clinker production rates.
(B)
(1) The owner/operator of each unit shall calculate and record the 30-kiln operating day average emission rate of NO_X, in pounds per ton (lb/ton) of clinker produced, as the total of all hourly emissions data for the cement kiln in the preceding 30-kiln operating days, divided by the total tons of clinker produced in that kiln during the same 30-day operating period, using the following equation:

Where:
E[D] = 30 kiln operating day average emission rate of NO_X, lb/ton of clinker;
C[i] = Concentration of NO_X for hour i as recorded by the CEMS required by paragraph (k)(7)(i) of this section, ppm;
Q[i] = volumetric flow rate of effluent gas for hour i as recorded by the CEMS required by paragraph (k)(7)(i) of this section, where C[i] and Q[i] are on the same basis (either wet or dry), scf/hr;
P[i] = total kiln clinker produced during production hour i, ton/hr;
k = conversion factor, 1.194 × 10⁻⁷ for NO_X; and
n = number of kiln operating hours over 30 kiln operating days, n = 1 up to 720.
(2) For each kiln operating hour for which the owner/operator does not have at least one valid 15-minute CEMS data value, the owner/operator must use the average emissions rate in pounds per ton (lb/hr) from the most recent previous hour for which valid data are available. Hourly clinker production shall be determined by the owner/operator in accordance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(b).
(C) At the end of each kiln operating day, the owner/operator shall calculate and record a new 30-day rolling average emission rate in lb/ton clinker from the arithmetic average of all valid hourly emission rates for the current kiln operating day and the previous 29 successive kiln operating days.
(D) Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on a unit, the owner/operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia injection for that unit.
(8) Alternative compliance determination. If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(4) of this section, this paragraph may be used in lieu of paragraph (k)(7) of this section to demonstrate compliance with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(4) of this section.
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (k)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of the unit at the Clarkdale Plant shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.63(f) and (g), to accurately measure concentration by volume of NO_X, diluent, and stack gas volumetric flow rate from the in-line/raw mill stack, as well as the stack gas volumetric flow rate from the coal mill stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (k)(4) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times the affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Method. Compliance with the ton per year NO_X emission limit described in paragraph (k)(4) of this section shall be determined based on a rolling 12-month basis. The rolling 12-month NO_X emission rate for the kiln shall be calculated within 30 days following the end of each calendar month in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of NO_X emitted for the month just completed and the eleven (11) months preceding the month just completed, to calculate the total pounds of NO_X emitted over the most recent twelve (12) month period for that kiln; Step two, divide the total pounds of NO_X calculated from Step one by two thousand (2,000) to calculate the total tons of NO_X. Each rolling 12-month NO_X emission rate shall include all emissions that occur during all periods within the 12-month period, including emissions from startup, shutdown and malfunction.
(iii) Upon and after the completion of installation of ammonia injection on the unit, the owner/operator shall install, and thereafter maintain and operate, instrumentation to continuously monitor and record levels of ammonia injection for that unit.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator of each unit shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; emissions and parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) All records of clinker production.
(iii) Daily 30-day rolling emission rates of NO_X, calculated in accordance with paragraph (k)(7)(ii) of this section.
(iv) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records specified by 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1.
(v) Records of ammonia injection, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (k)(7)(ii)(D) of this section.
(vi) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, CEMS and clinker production measurement devices.
(vii) Any other records specified by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1.
(10) Alternative recordkeeping requirements. If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall maintain the records listed in this paragraph in lieu of the records contained in paragraph (k)(9) of this section. The owner or operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; emissions and parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Monthly rolling 12-month emission rates of NO_X, calculated in accordance with paragraph (k)(8)(ii) of this section.
(iii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records specified by 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1.
(iv) Records of ammonia injection, as recorded by the instrumentation required in paragraph (k)(8)(iii) of this section.
(v) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS measurement devices.
(vi) Any other records specified by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1.
(11) Reporting. All reports and notifications required under this paragraph (k) shall be submitted by the owner/operator to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, Enforcement Division via electronic mail to aeo__r9@epa.gov and to Air Division via electronic mail to R9AirPermits@epa.gov. Reports required under this paragraph (k)(11)(iii) through (k)(11)(vii) of this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (k)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) Prior to commencing construction of the ammonia injection system, the owner/operator shall submit to the EPA a report describing the design of the SNCR system. This report shall include: reagent type, description of the locations selected for reagent injection, reagent injection rate (expressed as a molar ratio of reagent to exhaust gas), equipment list, equipment arrangement, and a summary of kiln characteristics that were relied upon as the design basis for the SNCR system.
(ii) Within 30 days following the NO_X compliance date in paragraph (k)(5)(i) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit to the EPA a report of any process improvement or debugging activities that were performed on the SNCR system. This report shall include: a description of each process adjustment performed on the SNCR system or the kiln, a discussion of whether the adjustment affected NO_X emission rates, a description of the range (if applicable) over which the adjustment was examined, and a discussion of how the adjustment will be reflected or accounted for in kiln operating practices. If CEMS data or kiln operating data were recorded during process improvement or debugging activities, the owner/operator shall submit the recorded CEMS and kiln operating data with the report. The data shall be submitted in an electronic format consistent with and able to be manipulated by a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the daily 30-day rolling emission rates for NO_X.
(iv) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NO_X limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limits specified in paragraph (k)(3) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(v) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(vi) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests specified by 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(vii) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the reports required by paragraph (k)(9)(ii) of this section.
(12) Alternative reporting requirements. If the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant chooses to comply with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit the reports listed in this paragraph in lieu of the reports contained in paragraph (k)(11) of this section. All reports required under this paragraph (k)(12) shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (k)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit a report that lists the monthly rolling 12-month emission rates for NO_X.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit excess emissions reports for NO_X limits. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limits specified in paragraph (k)(3) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments.
(iv) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests specified by 40 CFR part 60, Appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(v) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the reports required by paragraph (k)(9)(ii) of this section.
(13) Notifications.
(i) The owner/operator shall submit notification of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the NO_X emission limits in paragraph (k)(3) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(iv) By June 30, 2018, the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant shall notify EPA Region 9 by letter whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section or whether it will comply with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(4) of this section. In the event that the owner/operator does not submit timely and proper notification by June 30, 2018, the owner/operator of the Clarkdale Plant may not choose to comply with the alternative emission limits in paragraph (k)(4) of this section and shall comply with the emission limits in paragraph (k)(3)(i) of this section.
(14) Equipment operation.
(i) At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(ii) After completion of installation of ammonia injection on a unit, the owner or operator shall inject sufficient ammonia to achieve compliance with NO_X emission limits set forth in paragraph (k)(3) of this section for that unit while preventing excessive ammonia emissions.
(15) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(l) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Hayden Copper Smelter -
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (l) applies to each owner/operator of batch copper converters #1, 3, 4 and 5 and anode furnaces #1 and #2 at the copper smelting plant located in Hayden, Gila County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (l)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (l):
Anode furnace means a furnace in which molten blister copper is refined through introduction of a reducing agent such as natural gas.
Batch copper converter means a Peirce-Smith converter in which copper matte is oxidized to form blister copper by a process that is performed in discrete batches using a sequence of charging, blowing, skimming, and pouring.
Blister copper means an impure form of copper, typically between 96 and 98 percent pure copper that is the output of the converters.
Calendar day means a 24 hour period that begins and ends at midnight, local standard time.
Capture system means the collection of components used to capture gases and fumes released from one or more emission points, and to convey the captured gases and fumes to one or more control devices. A capture system may include, but is not limited to, the following components as applicable to a given capture system design: Duct intake devices, hoods, enclosures, ductwork, dampers, manifolds, plenums, and fans.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of SO₂ emissions, other pollutant emissions, diluent, or stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Copper matte means a material predominately composed of copper and iron sulfides produced by smelting copper ore concentrates.
NO_X means nitrogen oxides.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises the equipment identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section.
Regional Administrator means the Regional Administrator of EPA Region 9 or his or her designated representative.
SO₂ means sulfur dioxide.
(3) Emission capture.
(i) The owner/operator must operate a capture system that has been designed to maximize collection of process off gases vented from each converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section. The capture system must include primary and secondary capture systems as described in 40 CFR 63.1444(d)(2).
(ii) The operation of the batch copper converters, primary capture system, and secondary capture system shall be optimized to capture the maximum amount of process off gases vented from each converter at all times.
(iii) The owner/operator shall prepare a written operation and maintenance plan according to the requirements in paragraph (l)(3)(iv) of this section and submit this plan to the Regional Administrator 180 days prior to the compliance date in paragraph (l)(5)(ii) of this section. The Regional Administrator shall approve or disapprove the plan within 180 days of submittal. At all times when one or more converters are blowing, the owner/operator must operate the capture system consistent with this plan.
(iv) The written operations and maintenance plan must address the following requirements as applicable to the capture system or control device.
(A) Preventative maintenance. The owner/operator must perform preventative maintenance for each capture system and control device according to written procedures specified in owner/operator's operation and maintenance plan. The procedures must include a preventative maintenance schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer's or engineer's instructions for routine and long-term maintenance.
(B) Capture system inspections. The owner/operator must perform capture system inspections for each capture system in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(2).
(C) Copper converter department capture system operating limits. The owner/operator must establish, according to the requirements 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(3)(i) through (iii), operating limits for the capture system that are representative and reliable indicators of the optimized performance of the capture system, consistent with paragraph (l)(3)(ii) of this section, when it is used to collect the process off-gas vented from batch copper converters during blowing.
(4) Emission limitations and work practice standards.
(i) SO₂ emissions collected by any primary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 99.8 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(ii) SO₂ emissions collected by any secondary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 98.5 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(iii) The owner/operator must not cause or allow to be discharged to the atmosphere from any primary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section off-gas that contains nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in excess of 6.2 mg/dscm as measured using the test methods specified in 40 CFR 63.1450(b).
(iv) The owner/operator must not cause or allow to be discharged to the atmosphere from any secondary capture system required by paragraph (l)(3) of this section off-gas that contains particulate matter in excess of 23 mg/dscm as measured using the test methods specified in 40 CFR 63.1450(a).
(v) Total NO_X emissions from anode furnaces #1 and #2 and the batch copper converters shall not exceed 40 tons per 12-continuous month period.
(vi) Anode furnaces #1 and #2 shall only be charged with blister copper or higher purity copper. This charging limitation does not extend to the use or addition of poling or fluxing agents necessary to achieve final casting chemistry.
(5) Compliance dates.
(i) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall comply with the emissions limitations in paragraphs (l)(4)(ii) and (l)(4)(iv) of this section and other requirements of this section related to the secondary capture system no later than September 3, 2018.
(ii) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall comply with the emissions limitations in paragraphs (l)(4)(i), (l)(4)(iii), (l)(4)(v), and (l)(4)(vi) of this section and other requirements of this section, except those requirements related to the secondary capture system, no later than September 4, 2017.
(6) Compliance determination -
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure the mass emission rate in pounds per hour of SO₂ emissions entering each control device used to control emissions from the converters, and venting from the converters to the atmosphere after passing through a control device or an uncontrolled bypass stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (l)(4) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Compliance determination for SO₂ limit for the converters. The 365-day rolling SO₂ emission control efficiency for the converters shall be calculated separately for the primary capture system and the secondary capture system for each calendar day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and to each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of pre-control SO₂ emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step two, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and emitted from the release point of each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of post-control SO₂ emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step three, divide the total amount of post-control SO₂ emissions calculated from Step two by the total amount of pre-control SO₂ emissions calculated from Step one, subtract the resulting ratio from one, and multiply the difference by 100 percent to calculate the 365-day rolling SO₂ emission control efficiency as a percentage.
(iii) Compliance determination for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter. Compliance with the emission limit for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in paragraph (l)(4)(iii) of this section shall be demonstrated by the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1451(b) and 63.1453(a)(2). The owner/operator shall conduct an initial compliance test within 180 days after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section unless a test performed according to the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1450 in the past year shows compliance with the limit.
(iv) Compliance determination for particulate matter. Compliance with the emission limit for particulate matter in paragraph (l)(4)(iv) of this section shall be demonstrated by the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1451(a) and 63.1453(a)(1). The owner/operator shall conduct an initial compliance test within 180 days after the compliance date specified in paragraph (l)(5) of this section unless a test performed according to the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1450 in the past year shows compliance with the limit.
(v) Compliance determination for NO_X . Compliance with the emission limit for NO_X in paragraph (l)(4)(v) of this section shall be demonstrated by monitoring natural gas consumption in each of the units identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section for each calendar day. At the end of each calendar month, the owner/operator shall calculate 12-consecutive month NO_X emissions by multiplying the daily natural gas consumption rates for each unit by an approved emission factor and adding the sums for all units over the previous 12-consecutive month period.
(7) Alternatives to requirements to install CEMS. The requirement in paragraph (l)(6)(i) of this section to install CEMS to measure the mass of SO₂ entering a control device or venting to the atmosphere through uncontrolled bypass stacks will be waived if the owner/operator complies with one of the options in this paragraph (l)(7).
(i) Acid plants. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO₂ entering an acid plant during a calendar day by adding the pounds of SO₂ emitted through the acid plant tail stack and 0.653 times the daily production of anhydrous sulfuric acid from the acid plant.
(ii) Uncontrolled bypass stack. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO₂ venting to the atmosphere through an uncontrolled bypass stack based on test data provided the facility operates according to a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan consistent with 40 CFR 63.6(e)(3) and the Regional Administrator has approved a calculation methodology for planned and unplanned bypass events.
(8) Capture system monitoring. For each operating limit established under the capture system operation and maintenance plan required by paragraph (l)(4) of this section, the owner/operator must install, operate, and maintain an appropriate monitoring device according to the requirements in 40 CFR 63.1452(a)(1) through (6) to measure and record the operating limit value or setting at all times the required capture system is operating. Dampers that are manually set and remain in the same position at all times the capture system is operating are exempted from these monitoring requirements.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(iii) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(iv) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(v) Records of all monitoring required by paragraph (l)(8) of this section.
(vi) Records of daily sulfuric acid production in tons per day of pure, anhydrous sulfuric acid if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (l)(7)(i) of this section.
(vii) Records of planned and unplanned bypass events and calculations used to determine emissions from bypass events if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (l)(7)(ii) of this section.
(viii) Records of daily natural gas consumption in each units identified in paragraph (l)(1) of this section and all calculations performed to demonstrate compliance with the limit in paragraph (l)(4)(vi) of this section.
(10) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (l)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall promptly submit excess emissions reports for the SO₂ limit. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limit specified in paragraph (d) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted. For the purpose of this paragraph (l)(10)(i), promptly shall mean within 30 days after the end of the month in which the excess emissions were discovered.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments. The owner/operator shall submit reports semiannually.
(iii) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(iv) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(v) When performance testing is required to determine compliance with an emission limit in paragraph (l)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit test reports as specified in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A.
(11) Notifications.
(i) The owner/operator shall notify EPA of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the capture or emission limits in paragraph (l)(3) or (4) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(12) Equipment operations. At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(13) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(m) Source-specific federal implementation plan for regional haze at Miami Copper Smelter -
(1) Applicability. This paragraph (m) applies to each owner/operator of batch copper converters 2, 3, 4 and 5 and the electric furnace at the copper smelting plant located in Miami, Gila County, Arizona.
(2) Definitions. Terms not defined in this paragraph (m)(2) shall have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act or EPA's regulations implementing the Clean Air Act. For purposes of this paragraph (m):
Batch copper converter means a Hoboken converter in which copper matte is oxidized to form blister copper by a process that is performed in discrete batches using a sequence of charging, blowing, skimming, and pouring.
Calendar day means a 24 hour period that begins and ends at midnight, local standard time.
Capture system means the collection of components used to capture gases and fumes released from one or more emission points, and to convey the captured gases and fumes to one or more control devices. A capture system may include, but is not limited to, the following components as applicable to a given capture system design: duct intake devices, hoods, enclosures, ductwork, dampers, manifolds, plenums, and fans.
Continuous emission monitoring system or CEMS means the equipment required by this section to sample, analyze, measure, and provide, by means of readings recorded at least once every 15 minutes (using an automated data acquisition and handling system (DAHS)), a permanent record of SO₂ emissions, other pollutant emissions, diluent, or stack gas volumetric flow rate.
Copper matte means a material predominately composed of copper and iron sulfides produced by smelting copper ore concentrates.
Electric furnace means a furnace in which copper matte and slag are heated by electrical resistance without the mechanical introduction of air or oxygen.
NO_X means nitrogen oxides.
Owner/operator means any person who owns or who operates, controls, or supervises the equipment identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section.
Slag means the waste material consisting primarily of iron sulfides separated from copper matte during the smelting and refining of copper ore concentrates.
SO₂ means sulfur dioxide.
(3) Emission capture.
(i) The owner/operator of the batch copper converters identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section must operate a capture system that has been designed to maximize collection of process off gases vented from each converter. The capture system must include a primary capture system as described in 40 CFR 63.1444(d)(3) and a secondary capture system designed to maximize the collection of emissions not collected by the primary capture system.
(ii) The operation of the batch copper converters, primary capture system, and secondary capture system shall be optimized to capture the maximum amount of process off gases vented from each converter at all times.
(iii) The owner/operator shall prepare a written operation and maintenance plan according to the requirements in paragraph (m)(3)(iv) of this section and submit this plan to the Regional Administrator 180 days prior to the compliance date in paragraph (m)(5) of this section. The Regional Administrator shall approve or disapprove the plan within 180 days of submittal. At all times when one or more converters are blowing, the owner/operator must operate the capture system consistent with this plan.
(iv) The written operations and maintenance plan must address the following requirements as applicable to the capture system or control device.
(A) Preventative maintenance. The owner/operator must perform preventative maintenance for each capture system and control device according to written procedures specified in owner/operator's operation and maintenance plan. The procedures must include a preventative maintenance schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer's or engineer's instructions for routine and long-term maintenance.
(B) Capture system inspections. The owner/operator must perform capture system inspections for each capture system in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(2).
(C) Copper converter department capture system operating limits. The owner/operator must establish, according to the requirements 40 CFR 63.1447(b)(3)(i) through (iii), operating limits for the capture system that are representative and reliable indicators of the performance of capture system when it is used to collect the process off-gas vented from batch copper converters during blowing.
(4) Emission limitations and work practice standards.
(i) SO₂ emissions collected by the capture system required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section must be controlled by one or more control devices and reduced by at least 99.7 percent, based on a 365-day rolling average.
(ii) The owner/operator must not cause or allow to be discharged to the atmosphere from any primary capture system required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section off-gas that contains nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in excess of 6.2 mg/dscm as measured using the test methods specified in 40 CFR 63.1450(b).
(iii) Total NO_X emissions the electric furnace and the batch copper converters shall not exceed 40 tons per 12-continuous month period.
(iv) The owner/operator shall not actively aerate the electric furnace.
(5) Compliance dates.
(i) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall comply with the emission capture requirement in paragraph (m)(3) of this section; the emission limitation in paragraph (m)(4)(i) of this section; the compliance determination requirements in paragraphs (m)(6)(i) and (ii) and (m)(7) of this section; the capture system monitoring requirements in paragraph (m)(8) of this section; the recordkeeping requirements in paragraphs (m)(9)(i) through (viii) of this section; and the reporting requirements in paragraphs (m)(10)(i) through (iv) of this section no later than January 1, 2018.
(ii) The owner/operator of each batch copper converter and the electric furnace identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall comply with all requirements of this paragraph (m) except those listed in paragraph (m)(5)(i) of this section no later than September 2, 2016.
(6) Compliance determination -
(i) Continuous emission monitoring system. At all times after the compliance date specified in paragraph (m)(5) of this section, the owner/operator of each batch copper converter identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section shall maintain, calibrate, and operate a CEMS, in full compliance with the requirements found at 40 CFR 60.13 and 40 CFR part 60, appendices B and F, to accurately measure the mass emission rate in pounds per hour of SO₂ emissions entering each control device used to control emissions from the converters, and venting from the converters to the atmosphere after passing through a control device or an uncontrolled bypass stack. The CEMS shall be used by the owner/operator to determine compliance with the emission limitation in paragraph (m)(4)(i) of this section. The owner/operator must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times that an affected unit is operating, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments).
(ii) Compliance determination for SO₂ . The 365-day rolling SO₂ emission control efficiency for the converters shall be calculated for each calendar day in accordance with the following procedure: Step one, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and to each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of pre-control SO₂ emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step two, sum the hourly pounds of SO₂ vented to each uncontrolled bypass stack and emitted from the release point of each control device used to control emissions from the converters for the current calendar day and the preceding three-hundred-sixty-four (364) calendar days, to calculate the total pounds of post-control SO₂ emissions over the most recent three-hundred-sixty-five (365) calendar day period; Step three, divide the total amount of post-control SO₂ emissions calculated from Step two by the total amount of pre-control SO₂ emissions calculated from Step one, subtract the resulting ratio from one, and multiply the difference by 100 percent to calculate the 365-day rolling SO₂ emission control efficiency as a percentage.
(iii) Compliance determination for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter. Compliance with the emission limit for nonsulfuric acid particulate matter in paragraph (m)(4)(ii) of this section shall be demonstrated by the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1451(b) and 63.1453(a)(2). The owner/operator shall conduct an initial compliance test within 180 days after the compliance date specified in paragraph (m)(5) of this section unless a test performed according to the procedures in 40 CFR 63.1450 in the past year shows compliance with the limit.
(iv) Compliance determination for NO_X . Compliance with the emission limit for NO_X in paragraph (m)(4)(iii) of this section shall be demonstrated by monitoring natural gas consumption in each of the units identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section for each calendar day. At the end of each calendar month, the owner/operator shall calculate monthly and 12-consecutive month NO_X emissions by multiplying the daily natural gas consumption rates for each unit by an approved emission factor and adding the sums for all units over the previous 12-consecutive month period.
(7) Alternatives to requirements to install CEMS. The requirement in paragraph (m)(6)(i) of this section to install CEMS to measure the mass of SO₂ entering a control device or venting to the atmosphere through uncontrolled bypass stacks will be waived if the owner/operator complies with one of the options in this paragraph (m)(7).
(i) Acid plants. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO₂ entering an acid plant during a calendar day by adding the pounds of SO₂ emitted through the acid plant tail stack and 0.653 times the daily production of anhydrous sulfuric acid from the acid plant.
(ii) Alkali scrubber. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO₂ entering an alkali scrubber during a calendar day by using the following equation:
M_in,SO2 = M_out,SO2 + SF*M_alk
Where:
M_in,SO2 is the calculated mass of SO₂ entering the scrubber during a calendar day;
M_out,SO2 is the mass of SO₂ emitted through the scrubber stack measured by the CEMS for the calendar day;
SF is a stoichiometric factor; and
M_alk is the mass of alkali added to the scrubber liquor during the calendar day.
SF shall equal:
1.14 if the alkali species is calcium oxide (CaO);
1.59 if the alkali species is magnesium oxide (MgO);
0.801 if the alkali species is sodium hydroxide (NaOH); or
Another value if the owner/operator has received approval from the Regional Administrator in advance.
(iii) Uncontrolled bypass stack. The owner/operator may calculate the pounds of SO₂ venting to the atmosphere through an uncontrolled bypass stack based on test data provided the facility operates according to a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan consistent with 40 CFR 63.6(e)(3) and EPA has approved a calculation methodology for planned and unplanned bypass events.
(8) Capture system monitoring. For each operating limit established under the capture system operation and maintenance plan required by paragraph (m)(3) of this section, the owner/operator must install, operate, and maintain an appropriate monitoring device according to the requirements in 40 CFR 63.1452(a)(1) though (6) to measure and record the operating limit value or setting at all times the required capture system is operating. Dampers that are manually set and remain in the same position at all times the capture system is operating are exempted from these monitoring requirements.
(9) Recordkeeping. The owner/operator shall maintain the following records for at least five years:
(i) All CEMS data, including the date, place, and time of sampling or measurement; parameters sampled or measured; and results.
(ii) Records of quality assurance and quality control activities for emissions measuring systems including, but not limited to, any records required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(iii) Records of all major maintenance activities conducted on emission units, air pollution control equipment, and CEMS.
(iv) Any other records required by 40 CFR part 60, subpart F, or 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1.
(v) Records of all monitoring required by paragraph (m)(8) of this section.
(vi) Records of daily sulfuric acid production in tons per day of pure, anhydrous sulfuric acid if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (m)(7)(i) of this section.
(vii) Records of daily alkali consumption in tons per day of pure, anhydrous alkali if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (m)(7)(ii) of this section.
(viii) Records of planned and unplanned bypass events and calculations used to determine emissions from bypass events if the owner/operator chooses to use the alternative compliance determination method in paragraph (m)(7)(iii) of this section.
(ix) Records of daily natural gas consumption in each units identified in paragraph (m)(1) of this section and all calculations performed to demonstrate compliance with the limit in paragraph (m)(4)(iv) of this section.
(10) Reporting. All reports required under this section shall be submitted by the owner/operator to the Director, Enforcement Division (Mail Code ENF-2-1), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, California 94105-3901. All reports required under this section shall be submitted within 30 days after the applicable compliance date in paragraph (m)(5) of this section and at least semiannually thereafter, within 30 days after the end of a semiannual period. The owner/operator may submit reports more frequently than semiannually for the purposes of synchronizing reports required under this section with other reporting requirements, such as the title V monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), but at no point shall the duration of a semiannual period exceed six months.
(i) The owner/operator shall promptly submit excess emissions reports for the SO₂ limit. Excess emissions means emissions that exceed the emissions limit specified in paragraph (d) of this section. The reports shall include the magnitude, date(s), and duration of each period of excess emissions, specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions of the unit, the nature and cause of any malfunction (if known), and the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted. For the purpose of this paragraph (m)(10)(i), promptly shall mean within 30 days after the end of the month in which the excess emissions were discovered.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit CEMS performance reports, to include dates and duration of each period during which the CEMS was inoperative (except for zero and span adjustments and calibration checks), reason(s) why the CEMS was inoperative and steps taken to prevent recurrence, and any CEMS repairs or adjustments. The owner/operator shall submit reports semiannually.
(iii) The owner/operator shall also submit results of any CEMS performance tests required by 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, Procedure 1 (Relative Accuracy Test Audits, Relative Accuracy Audits, and Cylinder Gas Audits).
(iv) When no excess emissions have occurred or the CEMS has not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted during the reporting period, the owner/operator shall state such information in the semiannual report.
(v) When performance testing is required to determine compliance with an emission limit in paragraph (m)(4) of this section, the owner/operator shall submit test reports as specified in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A.
(11) Notifications.
(i) The owner/operator shall notify EPA of commencement of construction of any equipment which is being constructed to comply with the capture or emission limits in paragraph (m)(3) or (4) of this section.
(ii) The owner/operator shall submit semiannual progress reports on construction of any such equipment.
(iii) The owner/operator shall submit notification of initial startup of any such equipment.
(12) Equipment operations. At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, the owner or operator shall, to the extent practicable, maintain and operate the unit including associated air pollution control equipment in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Pollution control equipment shall be designed and capable of operating properly to minimize emissions during all expected operating conditions. Determination of whether acceptable operating and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Regional Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operating and maintenance procedures, and inspection of the unit.
(13) Enforcement. Notwithstanding any other provision in this implementation plan, any credible evidence or information relevant as to whether the unit would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if the appropriate performance or compliance test had been performed, can be used to establish whether or not the owner or operator has violated or is in violation of any standard or applicable emission limit in the plan.
(n) Approval. On November 12, 2015, the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality submitted the “Arizona State Implementation Plan Revision: Regional Haze 5-Year Progress Report” (“Progress Report”). The Progress Report meets the requirements of the Regional Haze Rule in 40 CFR 51.308.
[50 FR 28553, July 12, 1985]
Editorial Note
Editorial Note:
For Federal Register citations affecting § 52.145, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

Kiln ID	NO_X	SO₂
Kiln 1	3.80	9.32
Kiln 2	2.61	9.73

Pollutant	Pollutant emission limit
NO_X	0.36
PM	0.030
SO₂	0.23

Pollutant	Pollutant emission limit
NO_X	0.25
PM₁₀	0.010
SO₂	0.057

                    
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§ 52.145 - Visibility protection.

§ 52.145 Visibility protection.

Cross Reference

Editorial Note

Editorial Note: