§ 63.1343 - What standards apply to my kilns, clinker coolers, raw material dryers, and open clinker storage piles?

§ 63.1343 What standards apply to my kilns, clinker coolers, raw material dryers, and open clinker storage piles?

(a) General. The provisions in this section apply to each kiln and any alkali bypass associated with that kiln, clinker cooler, raw material dryer, and open clinker storage pile. All D/F, HCl, and total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions limit are on a dry basis. The D/F, HCl, and THC limits for kilns are corrected to 7 percent oxygen. All THC emissions limits are measured as propane. Standards for mercury and THC are based on a rolling 30-day average. If using a CEMS to determine compliance with the HCl standard, this standard is based on a rolling 30-day average. You must ensure appropriate corrections for moisture are made when measuring flow rates used to calculate mercury emissions. The 30-day period means all operating hours within 30 consecutive kiln operating days excluding periods of startup and shutdown. All emissions limits for kilns, clinker coolers, and raw material dryers currently in effect that are superseded by the limits below continue to apply until the compliance date of the limits below, or until the source certifies compliance with the limits below, whichever is earlier.

(b) Kilns, clinker coolers, raw material dryers, raw mills, and finish mills.

(1) The emissions limits for these sources are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 - Emissions Limits for Kilns, Clinker Coolers, Raw Material Dryers, Raw and Finish Mills

If your source is a (an):	And the operating mode is:	And if is located at a:	Your emissions limits are:	And the units of the emissions limit are:	The oxygen correction factor is:
1. Existing kiln	Normal operation	Major or area source	PM1 0.07	lb/ton clinker	NA.
			D/F2 0.2	ng/dscm (TEQ)	7 percent.
			Mercury 55	lb/MM tons clinker	NA.
			THC3 4 24	ppmvd	7 percent.
2. Existing kiln	Normal operation	Major source	HCl 3	ppmvd	7 percent.
3. Existing kiln	Startup and shutdown	Major or area source	Work practices (63.1346(g))	NA	NA.
4. New kiln	Normal operation	Major or area source	PM1 0.02	lb/ton clinker	NA.
			D/F2 0.2	ng/dscm (TEQ)	7 percent.
			Mercury 21	lb/MM tons clinker	NA.
			THC3 4 24	ppmvd	7 percent.
5. New kiln	Normal operation	Major source	HCl 3	ppmvd	7 percent.
6. New kiln	Startup and shutdown	Major or area source	Work practices (63.1346(g))	NA	NA.
7. Existing clinker cooler	Normal operation	Major or area source	PM 0.07	lb/ton clinker	NA.
8. Existing clinker cooler	Startup and shutdown	Major or area source	Work practices (63.1348(b)(9))	NA	NA.
9. New clinker cooler	Normal operation	Major or area source	PM 0.02	lb/ton clinker	NA.
10. New clinker cooler	Startup and shutdown	Major or area source	Work practices (63.1348(b)(9))	NA	NA.
11. Existing or new raw material dryer	Normal operation	Major or area source	THC3 4 24	ppmvd	NA.
12. Existing or new raw material dryer	Startup and shutdown	Major or area source	Work practices (63.1348(b)(9))	NA	NA.
13. Existing or new raw or finish mill	All operating modes	Major source	Opacity 10	percent	NA.

¹ The initial and subsequent PM performance tests are performed using Method 5 or 5I and consist of three test runs.

² If the average temperature at the inlet to the first PM control device (fabric filter or electrostatic precipitator) during the D/F performance test is 400 °F or less, this limit is changed to 0.40 ng/dscm (TEQ).

³ Measured as propane.

⁴ Any source subject to the 24 ppmvd THC limit may elect to meet an alternative limit of 12 ppmvd for total organic HAP.

(2) When there is an alkali bypass and/or an inline coal mill with a separate stack associated with a kiln, the combined PM emissions from the kiln and the alkali bypass stack and/or the inline coal mill stack are subject to the PM emissions limit. Existing kilns that combine the clinker cooler exhaust and/or alkali bypass and/or coal mill exhaust with the kiln exhaust and send the combined exhaust to the PM control device as a single stream may meet an alternative PM emissions limit. This limit is calculated using Equation 1 of this section:

Where:

PM_alt = Alternative PM emission limit for commingled sources.

0.006 = The PM exhaust concentration (gr/dscf) equivalent to 0.070 lb per ton clinker where clinker cooler and kiln exhaust gas are not combined.

1.65 = The conversion factor of ton feed per ton clinker.

Q_k = The exhaust flow of the kiln (dscf/ton feed).

Q_c = The exhaust flow of the clinker cooler (dscf/ton feed).

Q_ab = The exhaust flow of the alkali bypass (dscf/ton feed).

Q_cm = The exhaust flow of the coal mill (dscf/ton feed).

7000 = The conversion factor for grains (gr) per lb.

For new kilns that combine kiln exhaust, clinker cooler gas and/or coal mill and alkali bypass exhaust, the limit is calculated using Equation 2 of this section:

Where:

PM_alt = Alternative PM emission limit for commingled sources.

0.002 = The PM exhaust concentration (gr/dscf) equivalent to 0.020 lb per ton clinker where clinker cooler and kiln exhaust gas are not combined.

1.65 = The conversion factor of ton feed per ton clinker.

Q_k = The exhaust flow of the kiln (dscf/ton feed).

Q_c = The exhaust flow of the clinker cooler (dscf/ton feed).

Q_ab = The exhaust flow of the alkali bypass (dscf/ton feed).

Q_cm = The exhaust flow of the coal mill (dscf/ton feed).

7000 = The conversion factor for gr per lb.

(c) Open clinker storage pile. The owner or operator of an open clinker storage pile must prepare, and operate in accordance with, the fugitive dust emissions control measures, described in their operation and maintenance plan (see § 63.1347 of this subpart), that is appropriate for the site conditions as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section. The operation and maintenance plan must also describe the measures that will be used to minimize fugitive dust emissions from piles of clinker, such as accidental spillage, that are not part of open clinker storage piles.

(1) The operation and maintenance plan must identify and describe the location of each current or future open clinker storage pile and the fugitive dust emissions control measures the owner or operator will use to minimize fugitive dust emissions from each open clinker storage pile.

(2) For open clinker storage piles, the operations and maintenance plan must specify that one or more of the following control measures will be used to minimize to the greatest extent practicable fugitive dust from open clinker storage piles: Locating the source inside a partial enclosure, installing and operating a water spray or fogging system, applying appropriate chemical dust suppression agents, use of a wind barrier, compaction, use of tarpaulin or other equally effective cover or use of a vegetative cover. You must select, for inclusion in the operations and maintenance plan, the fugitive dust control measure or measures listed in this paragraph that are most appropriate for site conditions. The plan must also explain how the measure or measures selected are applicable and appropriate for site conditions. In addition, the plan must be revised as needed to reflect any changing conditions at the source.

(3) Temporary piles of clinker that result from accidental spillage or clinker storage cleaning operations must be cleaned up within 3 days.

(d) Emission limits in effect prior to September 9, 2010. Any source defined as an existing source in § 63.1351, and that was subject to a PM, mercury, THC, D/F, or opacity emissions limit prior to September 9, 2010, must continue to meet the limits as shown in Table 2 until September 9, 2015.

Table 2 - Emissions Limits in Effect Prior to September 9, 2010, For Kilns (Rows 1-4), Clinker Coolers (Row 5), and Raw Material Dryers (Rows 6-9)

If your source is and And if it is located at Your emissions limits are:¹ And the units of the emissions limit are: 1. An existing kilnit commenced construction or reconstruction on or prior to December 2, 2005A major sourcePM-0.3 Opacity-20 D/F-0.2² THC-50^{3 4} lb/ton feed percent ng/dscm (TEQ) ppmvd. 2. An existing kilnit commenced construction or reconstruction after December 2, 2005A major sourcePM-0.3 Opacity-20 D/F-0.2² THC-20^{3 5} Mercury-41⁶ lb/ton feed percent ng/dscm (TEQ) ppmvd ug/dscm. 3. An existing kilnit commenced construction or reconstruction on or prior to December 2, 2005An area sourceD/F-0.2² THC-50^{3 4} ng/dscm (TEQ) ppmvd. 4. An existing kilnit commenced construction or reconstruction after December 2, 2005An area sourceD/F-0.2² THC- 20^{3 5} Mercury-41⁶ ng/dscm (TEQ) ppmvd ug/dscm. 5. An existing clinker coolerNAA major sourcePM-0.1 Opacity-10lb/ton feed percent. 6. An Existing raw material dryerit commenced construction or reconstruction on or prior to December 2, 2005A major sourceTHC-50^{3 4} Opacity-10ppmvd Percent. 7. An Existing raw material dryerit commenced construction or reconstruction after December 2, 2005A major sourceTHC-20^{3 5} Opacity-10ppmvd percent. 8. An Existing raw material dryerit commenced construction or reconstruction on or prior to December 2, 2005An area sourceTHC-50^{3 4} ppmvd. 9. An Existing raw material dryerit commenced construction or reconstruction after December 2, 2005An area sourceTHC-20^{3 5} ppmvd.

¹ All emission limits expressed as a concentration basis (ppmvd, ng/dscm) are corrected to seven percent oxygen.

² If the average temperature at the inlet to the first particulate matter control device (fabric filter or electrostatic precipitator) during the D/F performance test is 400 °F or less, this limit is changed to 0.4 ng/dscm (TEQ).

³ Measured as propane.

⁴ Only applies to Greenfield kilns or raw material dryers.

⁵ As an alternative, a source may demonstrate a 98 percent reduction in THC emissions from the exit of the kiln or raw material dryer to discharge to the atmosphere. Inline raw mills are considered to be an integral part of the kiln.

⁶ As an alternative, a source may route the emissions through a packed bed or spray tower wet scrubber with a liquid-to-gas ratio of 30 gallons per 1000 actual cubic feet per minute or more and meet a site-specific emission limit based on the measured performance of the wet scrubber.

[78 FR 10037, Feb. 12, 2013, as amended at 80 FR 44779, July 27, 2015; 83 FR 35132, July 25, 2018]