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 Code of Federal Regulations (Last Updated: July 5, 2024)
 Title 40 - Protection of Environment
 Chapter I - Environmental Protection Agency
 SubChapter N - Effluent Guidelines and Standards
 Part 464 - Metal Molding and Casting Point Source Category
 Subpart C - Ferrous Casting Subcategory

  § 464.33 - Effluent limitations guidelines representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable.  

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  • § 464.33 Effluent limitations guidelines representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable.

    Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable, except that non-continuous dischargers shall not be subject to the maximum day and maximum for monthly average mass (kg/1,000 kkg or lb/million lb of metal poured; kg/1,000 kkg or lb/million lb of sand reclaimed; kg/62.3 million Sm3 or lb/billion SCF of air scrubbed) effluent limitations for copper, lead, zinc, and total phenols. For non-continuous dischargers, annual average mass limitations and maximum day and maximum for monthly average concentration (mg/l) limitations shall apply. Concentration limitations and annual average mass limitations shall only apply to non-continuous dischargers.

    (a) Casting Cleaning Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0129 0.0071
    Lead (T) 0.0237 0.0116
    Zinc (T) 0.0437 0.0165
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0029
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.0067
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.0116

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (5.33/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0129 0.0071
    Lead (T) 0.0353 0.0174
    Zinc (T) 0.0656 0.025
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0029
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.0098
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 0.0179

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (5.33/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (b) Casting Quench Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/100 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0138 0.0076
    Lead (T) 0.0252 0.0124
    Zinc (T) 0.0466 0.0176
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0031
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.0071
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.0124

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (5.7/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0138 0.0076
    Lead (T) 0.0376 0.0185
    Zinc (T) 0.0699 0.0266
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0031
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.0105
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 0.019

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (5.7/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (c) Dust Collection Scrubber Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed
    Copper (T) 0.218 0.12
    Lead (T) 0.398 0.195
    Zinc (T) 0.736 0.278
    Total phenols 0.646 0.225
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0488
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.113
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.195
    Total phenols 0.86 0.3 0.15

    1 kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (0.09/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 SCF of air scrubbed) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed
    Copper (T) 0.218 0.12
    Lead (T) 0.593 0.293
    Zinc (T) 1.1 0.421
    Total phenols 0.656 0.225
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0488
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.165
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 0.3
    Total phenols 0.86 0.3 0.15

    1 kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (0.09/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 SCF of air scrubbed) for a specific plant.

    (d) Grinding Scrubber Operations. No discharge of process wastewater pollutants to navigable waters.

    (e) Investment Casting.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 3.19 1.76
    Lead (T) 5.84 2.86
    Zinc (T) 10.8 4.07
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.716
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 1.65
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 2.86

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (1,320/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 3.19 1.76
    Lead (T) 8.7 4.3
    Zinc (T) 16.2 6.17
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.716
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 2.42
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 4.41

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (1,320/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (f) Melting Furnace Scrubber Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed
    Copper (T) 1.02 0.561
    Lead (T) 1.86 0.911
    Zinc (T) 3.44 1.3
    Total Phenols 3.01 1.05
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.228
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.526
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.911
    Total Phenols 0.86 0.3 0.701

    1 kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (0.42/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 SCF of air scrubbed) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed
    Copper (T) 1.02 0.561
    Lead (T) 2.77 1.37
    Zinc (T) 5.15 1.96
    Total Phenols 3.01 1.05
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.228
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.771
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 1.4
    Total Phenols 0.86 0.3 0.701

    1 kg/62.3 million Sm3 (pounds per billion SCF) of air scrubbed.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (0.42/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 SCF of air scrubbed) for a specific plant.

    (g) Mold Cooling Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0428 0.0236
    Lead (T) 0.0783 0.0384
    Zinc (T) 0.145 0.0546
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0096
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.0222
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.0384

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (17.7/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0428 0.0236
    Lead (T) 0.117 0.0576
    Zinc (T) 0.217 0.0827
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0096
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.0325
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 0.0591

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (17.7/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (h) Slag Quench Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductile or gray iron and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0527 0.0291
    Lead (T) 0.0964 0.0473
    Zinc (T) 0.178 0.0673
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0118
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.0273
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.0473

    1 Kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (21.8/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured
    Copper (T) 0.0527 0.0291
    Lead (T) 0.144 0.0709
    Zinc (T) 0.267 0.102
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0118
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.04
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 0.0728

    1 kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of metal poured.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (21.8/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of metal poured) for a specific plant.

    (i) Wet Sand Reclamation Operations.

    (1) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily ductible or gray iron and to plants that are casting malleable iron where greater than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of sand reclaimed
    Copper (T) 0.217 0.12
    Lead (T) 0.396 0.194
    Zinc (T) 0.732 0.276
    Total Phenols 0.642 0.224
    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0485
    Lead (T) 0.53 0.26 0.112
    Zinc (T) 0.98 0.37 0.194
    Total Phenols 0.86 0.3 0.149

    1 kg/1000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of sand reclaimed.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (89.5/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of sand reclaimed) for a specific plant.

    (2) Applicable to plants that are casting primarily steel and to plants that are casting primarily malleable iron where equal to or less than 3,557 tons of metal are poured per year.

    BAT Effluent Limitations

    Pollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average
    kg/1,000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of sand reclaimed
    Copper (T) 0.217 0.12
    Lead (T) 0.59 0.291
    Zinc (T) 1.1 0.418
    Total Phenols 0.642 0.224

    PSNS

    Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average Annual average1
    (mg/l)2 (mg/l)2
    Copper (T) 0.29 0.16 0.0485
    Lead (T) 0.79 0.39 0.164
    Zinc (T) 1.47 0.56 0.299
    Total Phenols 0.86 0.3 0.149

    1 kg/1000 kkg (pounds per million pounds) of sand reclaimed.

    2 These concentrations must be multiplied by the ratio of (89.5/x) where x is the actual normalized process wastewater flow (in gallons per 1,000 pounds of sand reclaimed) for a specific plant.

    [50 FR 45247, Oct. 30, 1985; 51 FR 21761, June 16, 1986]