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 Code of Federal Regulations (Last Updated: April 5, 2024)
 Title 40 - Protection of Environment
 Chapter I - Environmental Protection Agency
 SubChapter C - Air Programs
 Part 86 - Control of Emissions from New and in-Use Highway Vehicles and Engines
 Subpart C - Emission Regulations for 1994 and Later Model Year Gasoline-Fueled New Light-Duty Vehicles, New Light-Duty Trucks and New Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles; Cold Temperature Test Procedures

  § 86.213 - Fuel specifications.  

Latest version.

  • § 86.213 Fuel specifications.

    Cross Reference
    Link to an amendment published at 86 FR 34366, June 29, 2021.

    (a) Gasoline. Use a gasoline test fuel with ethanol (low-level blend only) or without ethanol as follows:

    (1) You must certify using service accumulation fuel and E10 test fuel as specified in § 86.113 for any vehicles required to use a low-level ethanol-gasoline blend test fuel for measuring exhaust emissions. You may use this test fuel any time earlier than we specify.

    (2) You may use the test fuel specified in this paragraph (a)(2) for vehicles that are not yet subject to exhaust testing with an ethanol-blend test fuel under § 86.113. Manufacturers may certify based on this fuel using carryover data until testing with the ethanol-blend test fuel is required. The following specifications apply for gasoline test fuel without ethanol:

    Table 1 of § 86.213 - Cold Temperature Test Fuel Specifications for Gasoline Without Ethanol

    Item Regular Premium Reference procedure 1
    (RON+MON)/2 2 87.8±0.392.3±0.5ASTM D2699 ;
    ASTM D2700
    Sensitivity 3 7.57.5ASTM D2699 ;
    ASTM D2700
    Distillation Range ( °F):
    Evaporated initial boiling point76-9676-96ASTM D86
    10% evaporated98-118105-125
    50% evaporated179-214195-225
    90% evaporated316-346316-346
    Evaporated final boiling point413 Maximum413 Maximum
    Total Aromatic Hydrocarbon composition (vol %): Olefins1226.5±54±4.01032.5±50±4.0ASTM D1319 Aromatics26.4±4.032.0±4.0 SaturatesRemainderRemainder or ASTM D5769
    Olefins (vol %) 4 12.5±5.010.5±5.0ASTM D1319 or ASTM D6550
    Lead, g/gallon0.01, Maximum0.01, MaximumASTM D3237
    Phosphorous, g/gallon0.005 , Maximum0.005 , MaximumASTM D3231
    Total sulfur, wt. % 3 0.0015-0.0080.0015-0.008ASTM D2622
    RVP, psi11.5±0.311.5±0.3ASTM D5191

    1 ASTM procedures are incorporated Incorporated by reference in , see § 86.1.

    2 Octane specifications are optional for manufacturer testing. The premium fuel specifications apply for vehicles designed to use high-octane premium fuel.

    3 Sulfur concentration will not exceed 0.0045 weight percent for EPA testing.

    4 ASTM D6550 prescribes measurement of olefin concentration in mass %. Multiply this result by 0.857 and round to the first decimal place to determine the olefin concentration in volume %.

    (3) Manufacturers may use the E0 gasoline test fuel specified in § 86.113 for certification instead of the fuel specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, as long as the change in test fuel does not cause cold temperature NMHC, CO, or CO2 emissions to decrease; manufacturers must keep records documenting these emission effects and make them available to EPA upon request.

    (4) We may approve alternate fuel specifications that are substantially equivalent to those in paragraph (a)(2) of this section for a manufacturer's testing.

    (b) Diesel fuel. Diesel fuel for testing under this subpart must meet the specifications for low-temperature test fuel in 40 CFR 1065.703.

    [79 FR 23698, Apr. 28, 2014, as amended at 80 FR 9103, Feb. 19, 2015; 86 FR 34366, June 29, 2021]