[Federal Register Volume 62, Number 146 (Wednesday, July 30, 1997)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 40888-40910]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 97-19963]
[[Page 40887]]
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Part II
Department of Transportation
_______________________________________________________________________
Federal Aviation Administration
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14 CFR Parts 61 and 141
Pilot, Flight Instructor, Ground Instructor, and Pilot School
Certification Rules; Correction; Final Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 146 / Wednesday, July 30, 1997 /
Rules and Regulations
[[Page 40888]]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Parts 61 and 141
[Docket No. 25910; Amendment Nos. 61-103 and 141-9]
RIN 2120-AE71
Pilot, Flight Instructor, Ground Instructor, and Pilot School
Certification Rules; Correction
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule; correction.
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SUMMARY: This amendment makes corrections to the final rule published
on April 4, 1997 (62 FR 16220). That rule amended the certification,
training, and experience requirements for pilots, flight instructors,
and ground instructors, and the certification requirements for pilot
schools approved by the FAA. The corrections incorporate provisions
inadvertently omitted in the final rule, clarify certain provisions,
and provide for the consistent use of terminology.
EFFECTIVE DATE: This rule is effective August 4, 1997.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: John Lynch, Certification Branch, AFS-
840, General Aviation and Commercial Division, Flight Standards
Service, FAA, 800 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20591;
telephone (202) 267-3844.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
On April 4, 1997, the FAA published a final rule titled ``Pilot,
Flight Instructor, Ground Instructor, and Pilot School Certification
Rules; Final Rule'' (62 FR 16220). Editorial and formatting corrections
clarify the rules and make certain terminology consistent within parts
61 and 141. This document also incorporates certain provisions that
were inadvertently omitted in the final rule. Those corrections that
require explanation are discussed below.
Discussion of Corrections
Part 61
Terminology. References to ``approved flight simulators'' and
``approved flight training devices'' have been changed to ``flight
simulators'' and ``flight training devices,'' respectively. As defined
in Sec. 61.1(b)(5) and (b)(7), a flight simulator and a flight training
device used to meet certain aeronautical experience requirements in
part 61 must be evaluated, qualified, and approved by the
Administrator. Therefore, use of the word ``approved'' is not necessary
when referring to flight simulators and flight training devices in part
61. This change is consistent with the terminology used in part 142 of
Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR). References to
``instructor'' have been changed to ``authorized instructor'' because
only authorized instructors as defined in Sec. 61.1(b)(2) may provide
training. References to ``required pilot,'' ``required pilot
crewmember,'' and ``required flight crewmember'' have been changed to
``required pilot flight crewmember'' to provide for consistency
throughout part 61. In addition, references to ``currency
requirements'' have been changed to ``recent flight experience
requirements'' to accurately describe these requirements.
Section 61.1 Applicability and definitions. Paragraph (b)(3),
which defines cross-country time, has been reorganized. In addition,
the FAA expanded the definition to clarify what flight time may be
logged as cross-country time for the purposes of meeting certain
aeronautical experience requirements for the certificates and ratings
issued under part 61. The FAA also added provisions for the logging of
cross-country time for the purposes of exercising recreational pilot
privileges under Sec. 61.101(c).
The FAA notes that after August 4, 1997, cross-country time for
pilots seeking an airline transport pilot (ATP) certificate (except
with a rotorcraft rating) must involve a flight that is at least a
straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original
point of departure. If the pilot is seeking an ATP certificate with a
rotorcraft rating, the cross-country flight must include a landing that
is at least a straight-line distance of more than 25 nautical miles
from the original point of departure. Because pilots seeking an ATP
certificate did not previously have to meet these distance
requirements, any cross-country time logged before August 4, 1997, may
be used to meet the ATP aeronautical experience requirements. However,
after that date, cross-country time logged for the purposes of meeting
the aeronautical experience requirements for an ATP certificate must
comply with the distance requirements.
Section 61.2 Certification of foreign pilots, flight instructors,
and ground instructors. The FAA has corrected the first sentence of
paragraph (a) by adding the phrase ``other than under Sec. 61.75.''
This language, which was included in Sec. 61.2 before the adoption of
the final rule, is necessary to except from the provisions of Sec. 61.2
the holders of private pilot certificates issued on the basis of a
foreign pilot license under Sec. 61.75.
Section 61.3 Requirement for certificates, ratings, and
authorizations. Paragraph (c)(1) has been reorganized to parallel the
format of paragraph (a). In addition, it may have appeared from the
language adopted in the final rule that all individuals listed in
paragraph (d)(3) are permitted to provide the training and endorsements
described in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (iv) without holding a flight
instructor certificate. The FAA corrected paragraph (d)(3) to clarify
that the holder of a ground instructor certificate may only provide the
training and endorsements in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) and (d)(2)(iii), and
new paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(C), and a flight instructor authorized under
Sec. 61.41 is only permitted to provide the endorsement in paragraph
(d)(2)(iii). Similarly, the FAA expanded the provisions of paragraph
(i) to clarify what ground training and endorsements may be provided by
individuals who do not hold a ground instructor certificate.
The FAA notes that the preamble to the final rule states that under
paragraph (d) the phrase ``other documentation acceptable to the
Administrator'' would permit a flight instructor to use a copy of a
graduation certificate from a CFI refresher course and a copy of the
completed application for renewal to meet the requirements of that
paragraph. However, the FAA has determined that the latter document is
not necessary. Therefore, a copy of a graduation certificate from a CFI
refresher course, without the application for renewal, is acceptable
documentation for the purpose of meeting the requirements of paragraph
(d).
Section 61.11 Expired pilot certificates and reissuance. Paragraph
(g) addresses the expiration of pilot certificates issued on the basis
of a foreign license and, therefore, is more appropriately included in
paragraph (c), which also addresses this issue. In making this
correction, the FAA incorporated the language that was contained in
Sec. 61.11 before the adoption of the final rule because that language
more clearly explains the circumstances under which an expiration date
will not be included on a pilot certificate that is issued on the basis
of a foreign pilot license. The FAA also corrected paragraph (c) by
adding at the end of the first sentence the phrase ``unless otherwise
specified on the U.S. certificate'' to address previously issued
special purpose pilot certificates that contain an expiration date.
[[Page 40889]]
Section 61.13 Issuance of airman certificates, ratings, and
authorizations. This section has been reformatted to allow for the
addition of paragraph headings. In addition, new paragraph (a)(2)(i)
contains a reference to appendix A to part 187. That appendix
references Advisory Circular No. 187-1, which contains a schedule of
charges for the services of FAA aviation safety inspectors outside the
United States.
Section 61.31 Type rating requirements, additional training, and
authorization requirements. Paragraph (e) addresses exceptions to
Sec. 61.31 and, therefore, has been redesignated as paragraph (k).
Consequently, paragraphs (e) through (j) have been redesignated. The
FAA added paragraph (k)(2)(v), which provides that the rating
limitations of Sec. 61.31 do not apply to the holder of a recreational
pilot certificate when operating under the provisions of
Sec. 61.101(h). This exception for recreational pilots was included in
Sec. 61.31 before the adoption of the final rule. In addition, new
paragraph (g) is corrected by including an endorsement requirement for
ground training received on the operation of pressurized aircraft at
high altitudes. This requirement was included in Sec. 61.31(f) before
the adoption of the final rule and was inadvertently omitted. New
paragraphs (g) and (i) also have been reformatted to more clearly set
forth the additional training requirements for operating pressurized
aircraft capable of operating at high altitudes and for operating
tailwheel airplanes.
Section 61.45 Practical tests: Required aircraft and equipment.
The FAA added the phrase ``unless otherwise authorized by the
Administrator'' at the beginning of paragraph (b). This language is
necessary because some aircraft are not approved for all of the
maneuvers required to be performed during a practical test. For
example, an Airbus 300 is not approved for steep turns; however, the
Administrator has determined that an applicant can receive a rating in
an Airbus 300 without performing that maneuver. A similar provision was
included in Sec. 61.13(c) before the adoption of the final rule but was
inadvertently omitted when the provisions of that paragraph were
incorporated into Sec. 61.45(b).
Section 61.51 Pilot logbooks. The FAA corrected paragraph
(b)(1)(ii) to include ``lesson time'' as information to be recorded in
logbook entries. This provision is necessary because simulator time and
flight time are not synonymous. Training time acquired in a simulator
must be logged as ``lesson time'' unless otherwise specified in part
61. For example, Sec. 61.109(i) permits certain training time acquired
in a flight simulator or flight training device to be credited toward
the flight training time requirements of that section.
The FAA notes that Sec. 61.51 no longer contains a provision for
the logging of ``other pilot time.'' Few or no comments were received
to the proposed deletion of this provision in Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking (Notice) No. 95-11 (60 FR 41160, August 11, 1995).
Therefore, after August 4, 1997, only solo, pilot-in-command, second-
in-command, or training time may be logged in accordance with
Sec. 61.51 for the purpose of meeting the aeronautical experience
requirements of part 61. For example, after the effective date of the
rule, a pilot who is the sole manipulator of the controls of an
aircraft but who is not rated in the aircraft or receiving training
will no longer be able to log ``other pilot time'' for the purpose of
meeting the aeronautical training or experience requirements of part
61.
In paragraph (d) the FAA clarified that a student pilot logging
solo flight time in an airship requiring more than one pilot fight
crewmember is ``performing the functions of'' pilot in command rather
than ``acting as'' pilot in command. A similar correction has been made
in paragraph (e). This language is consistent with the language used in
other sections of part 61 to describe the activities of an individual
who is receiving solo flight training in an airship.
Paragraph (e)(4) has been corrected to clarify when a student pilot
may log pilot-in-command flight time. In addition, paragraph
(e)(4)(iii) no longer contains the phrase ``is logging pilot-in-command
flight time to obtain the pilot-in-command flight experience
requirements for a pilot certificate or aircraft rating.'' Because
paragraph (e) permits a student pilot who is undergoing training for a
pilot certificate or rating to log pilot-in-command flight time, this
language is not necessary. The FAA notes that pilot-in-command flight
time logged under paragraph (e) may be used to meet the pilot-in-
command aeronautical experience requirements for additional
certificates and ratings.
Paragraph (i)(3) has been reformatted and a provision has been
added to provide that a recreational pilot also must carry his or her
logbook when conducting operations under Sec. 61.101(h). This
correction is consistent with the requirement in Sec. 61.101(i).
Section 61.55 Second-in-command qualifications. The FAA has
deleted the reference to flight training devices in paragraph (b)(2).
Amendment No. 61-100, ``Aircraft Flight Simulator Use in Pilot
Training, Testing, and Checking at Training Centers'' (61 FR 34508,
July 2, 1996), did not provide for the use of flight training devices
to meet the recent flight experience requirements for pilots serving as
second-in-command of an aircraft type certificated for more than one
required pilot flight crewmember or in operations requiring a second in
command. The reference to flight training devices was inadvertently
included in the final rule. The FAA notes the use of flight simulators
is permitted to meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(2).
In paragraph (b)(2)(i) the requirement for full-stop landings was
inadvertently omitted from the recent flight experience requirements.
This requirement was included in Sec. 61.55(b)(2)(i) before the
adoption of the final rule and the FAA did not propose deleting it in
Notice No. 95-10. Therefore, the requirement for full-stop landings has
been reinstated in the final rule.
Section 61.57 Recent flight experience: Pilot in command. As
adopted in the final rule, the recent flight experience requirements of
paragraph (a)(1) could be interpreted as precluding a pilot who does
not meet those requirements from acting as second in command of an
aircraft requiring more than one pilot flight crewmember. However, this
was not the FAA's intention; therefore, the language in this paragraph
has been corrected to provide that a person not meeting the
requirements of Sec. 61.57(a)(1) may not act as ``a pilot in command of
an aircraft carrying passengers or of an aircraft certificated for more
than one pilot flight crewmember.''
The FAA reorganized paragraph (b) to parallel the format of
paragraph (a). In addition, the FAA added paragraph (b)(1) to require
that a pilot must be the sole manipulator of the flight controls to
meet the night takeoff and landing experience requirements. Paragraph
(b)(2) has been added to require that the takeoff and landings are
performed in the appropriate category, class, and type, if applicable,
of aircraft. These requirements were included in Sec. 61.57 before the
adoption of the final rule and were proposed in Notice No. 95-10. The
FAA did not intend to omit these requirements from the final rule.
The FAA notes that accomplishment of the night takeoff and landing
requirements in paragraph (b) may be used to satisfy the requirements
of paragraph (a). However, the accomplishment of the day takeoff and
landings required in paragraph (a) may
[[Page 40890]]
not be used to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (b).
Section 61.58 Pilot-in-command proficiency check: Operation of
aircraft requiring more than one pilot flight crewmember. The FAA
inadvertently omitted from paragraph (b) the exception for persons
maintaining continuing qualification under an Advanced Qualification
Program approved under Special Federal Aviation Regulation 58. In
addition, the FAA added language to clarify that the pilot-in-command
proficiency checks and tests specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through
(d)(3) must be completed in an aircraft type certificated for more than
one required pilot flight crewmember. Because Sec. 61.58 only applies
to pilot-in-command proficiency checks for operating aircraft type
certificated for more than one required pilot flight crewmember, this
correction was necessary to ensure that the checks or tests were
performed in an aircraft appropriate to the operations the pilot will
be authorized to conduct. Paragraph (e) has been expanded to include a
provision for the use of an otherwise qualified and approved flight
simulator that is not qualified and approved for a specific maneuver
required during the pilot-in-command proficiency check. This provision
was adopted in Amendment No. 61-100 but inadvertently omitted in the
final rule.
Section 61.63 Additional aircraft ratings (other than on an
airline transport pilot certificate). The FAA reinstated a provision in
paragraph (c)(4) to provide that a person who holds a lighter-than-air
category rating with a balloon class rating and seeks an airship class
rating must meet the training time requirements prescribed for an
airship class rating. This requirement was included in Sec. 61.63
before the adoption of the final rule and was inadvertently omitted.
As adopted in the final rule, an applicant for an additional type
rating would be required to perform the practical test under
``instrument flight rules.'' It was not the FAA's intention to require
an applicant to file an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan.
Section 61.63 did not contain such a requirement before the adoption of
the final rule. The FAA has corrected paragraph (d)(5) to require that
the practical test for an additional type rating must be performed in
actual or simulated instrument conditions.
Former paragraph (i) has been deleted because it duplicated the
provisions of paragraph (h). Paragraphs (j) through (l) have been
redesignated as paragraphs (i) through (k). In addition, the section
heading has been revised to more accurately reflect the content of the
section.
Section 61.65 Instrument rating requirements. The FAA corrected
paragraph (a)(1) to provide that a person applying for an instrument
rating must only hold a private pilot certificate with an airplane,
helicopter, or powered-lift rating as appropriate to the instrument
rating sought. The previous language was more general and may have
caused confusion because only airplane, helicopter, and powered-lift
instrument ratings are issued on pilot certificates. For the same
reason, equivalent changes have been made to paragraphs (a)(5) and
(a)(8)(i).
The FAA also corrected paragraph (a)(8)(ii) to clarify that if a
flight training device is used for the practical test, the instrument
approach procedures are limited to one precision and one nonprecision
approach. The words ``instrument approach'' were inadvertently omitted
in the final rule. It was not the FAA's intent to limit all procedures
accomplished in a flight training device to one precision and one
nonprecision approach.
Section 61.69 Glider towing: Experience and training requirements.
To meet the recent experience requirement for towing gliders, a pilot
is required to meet the requirements of paragraph (a)(6)(i) or
paragraph (a)(6)(ii). Paragraph (a)(6)(i) requires a pilot to perform
three actual glider tows while accompanied by a qualified pilot.
Paragraph (a)(6)(ii) requires a pilot to make at least three flights as
pilot in command of a glider towed by an aircraft. In paragraph
(a)(6)(i), the FAA inadvertently omitted the provision allowing pilots
to meet the recent experience requirement by performing at least three
simulated glider tows while accompanied by a qualified pilot. This
provision was included in Sec. 61.69 before adoption of the final rule
and is necessary because not all glider clubs have two-place glider tow
airplanes. In addition, a pilot who does not have a glider rating would
not be able to meet the alternative recent experience requirement under
paragraph (a)(6)(ii).
Section 61.73 Military pilots or former military pilots: Special
rules. As adopted in the final rule, the language in paragraph (c)(2)
inadvertently required an applicant to present documentation that he or
she was on active military status during the 12 months preceding
application for a pilot certificate or rating based on the applicant's
military training. However, paragraph (c) specifically addresses the
requirements for military pilots who were not on active military status
during that time period. Paragraph (c)(2) has been corrected by
incorporating language contained in Sec. 61.73 before the adoption of
the final rule.
Section 61.77 Special purpose pilot authorization: Operation of
U.S.-registered civil aircraft leased by a person who is not a U.S.
citizen. The FAA corrected paragraph (b) to clarify that an applicant
must present to a Flight Standards District Office all documentation
required to establish his or her eligibility for a special purpose
pilot authorization.
Paragraph (d), which describes the circumstances under which a
special purpose pilot authorization is valid, has been corrected to
include several provisions that were contained in Sec. 61.77 before
adoption of the final rule and that were inadvertently omitted in the
rulemaking process. Under new paragraph (d)(2) the holder of a special
purpose pilot authorization must have the medical documentation
required by paragraph (b) in his or her physical possession or
immediately accessible in the aircraft while exercising the privileges
of the authorization. In addition, new paragraphs (d)(3) and (d)(4)
provide that a special purpose pilot authorization remains valid only
while the holder of the authorization is employed by the person who
provides the certification required by paragraph (b) and while the
holder operates the aircraft described in that certification.
Paragraph (i) has been established to address the renewal
requirements previously included in paragraph (d), ``General
limitations.'' In addition, the FAA has added paragraph (j) to address
the surrender of a special purpose pilot authorization. This provision
was contained in Sec. 61.77 before the adoption of the final rule.
Section 61.87 Solo requirements for student pilots. The FAA
determined that it is necessary to add the phrase ``if applicable'' at
the conclusion of paragraphs (i) (4), (10), and (11).
The maneuvers described in paragraphs (i) (4) and (10) are required
only if a student pilot is receiving training in a powered glider. The
maneuver described in paragraph (i)(11) is required only if training is
received in a nonpowered glider. In addition, paragraph (m)(3) has been
deleted because it duplicated the endorsement requirement contained in
paragraph (m)(4).
Section 61.93 Solo cross-country flight requirements. This section
addresses the solo cross-country flight requirements for student
pilots. Therefore, the FAA has removed paragraph (c)(2)(ii) because
that paragraph addressed cross-country endorsement requirements for
[[Page 40891]]
certificated pilots receiving training for an additional aircraft
category and class rating. The endorsement requirements for pilots
seeking additional aircraft ratings are contained in Sec. 61.63.
Section 61.96 Applicability and eligibility requirements: General.
The FAA has corrected paragraph (b)(6) to provide that an applicant for
a recreational pilot certificate must meet the aeronautical experience
requirements of Sec. 61.99 before applying for the practical test. This
requirement is consistent with the eligibility requirements for other
certificates issued under part 61.
Section 61.109 Aeronautical experience. The introductory paragraph
of this section, as adopted in the final rule, sets forth the total
aeronautical experience requirements for persons seeking a private
pilot certificate with an airplane, rotorcraft, or powered-lift
category rating. However, this section also addresses the requirements
for obtaining a private pilot certificate with a glider, airship, or
balloon rating. Consequently, the FAA added introductory language to
each of the paragraphs describing the total aeronautical requirements
for the particular ratings. The FAA has not included any additional
requirements for obtaining these ratings.
The FAA notes that the instrument training required by paragraphs
(a)(3), (b)(3), and (e)(3) need not be provided by an authorized
instructor who holds an instrument rating on his or her flight
instructor's certificate. Instrument training for a private pilot
certificate only requires training on basic instrument maneuvers such
as straight and level flight, constant airspeed climbs and descents,
turns to a heading, and recovery from unusual flight attitudes;
therefore, the FAA does not require that such training be provided by
an instructor who holds a flight instructor certificate with an
instrument rating. The rule language of paragraphs (a)(3), (b)(3), and
(e)(3) has been corrected to reflect this policy.
Section 61.110 Night flying exceptions. The FAA corrected
paragraph (b)(2) to provide that a private pilot certificate issued
with the limitation ``Night flying prohibited'' will become invalid for
use if the pilot does not comply with the night flight training
requirements within 12 calendar months after issuance of the
certificate. It may have appeared from the language adopted in the
final rule that the FAA would pursue an enforcement action to suspend
the pilot certificate if the night flight training requirements were
not met within the 12-month period. This is not the case; however, the
pilot certificate will be invalid for use after that period until the
pilot meets the night flight training requirements.
Section 61.129 Aeronautical experience. The FAA removed the
references to the hours that may be credited for training received in a
flight simulator or flight training device from paragraphs (a), (b),
(c), and (e), which describe the total aeronautical experience
requirements for obtaining a commercial pilot certificate with an
airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift rating. It is no longer necessary
to include this language because paragraph (i), which addresses the
crediting of training received in a flight simulator or flight training
device, was included in this section with the adoption of Amendment No.
61-100. In addition, the FAA corrected paragraphs (a)(2)(ii),
(b)(2)(ii), and (e)(2)(ii) to provide that only 10 of the 50 hours of
required cross-country flight for an airplane or powered-lift rating
must be accomplished in the category of aircraft for which the
applicant is seeking a rating.
Paragraphs (a)(3)(ii) and (b)(3)(ii) require that a person seeking
a commercial pilot certificate with a single-engine or multiengine
rating receive training in a complex aircraft. As adopted in the final
rule, Sec. 61.129 did not address those requirements as they apply to
seaplanes. Therefore, the FAA added language to paragraphs (a)(3)(ii)
and (b)(3)(ii) to provide that an applicant for a commercial pilot
certificate with a seaplane rating must obtain 10 hours of training in
a seaplane that has flaps and a controllable pitch propeller.
The requirement for cross-country training in night visual flight
rules (VFR) conditions for applicants seeking a commercial pilot
certificate with a powered-lift rating was inadvertently omitted from
paragraph (e)(3)(iii). This requirement was proposed in Notice No. 95-
10 and is consistent with the cross-country flight training
requirements for persons seeking a commercial pilot certificate with an
airplane, rotorcraft, or airship rating.
As adopted in the final rule, paragraph (i)(3) provided for a
reduction in the total aeronautical experience requirements if an
applicant for a commercial pilot certificate with an airplane,
helicopter, or powered-lift rating satisfactorily completes an approved
commercial pilot course conducted by a training center certificated
under part 142. However, the hours specified in paragraph (i)(3)(ii)
did not result in a reduction in the total aeronautical experience
requirements for applicants seeking a commercial pilot certificate with
a helicopter rating. Therefore, the FAA removed the reference to the
helicopter rating in paragraph (i)(3).
Section 61.131 Exceptions to the night flying requirements. The
FAA corrected paragraph (b)(2) to provide that a commercial pilot
certificate issued with the limitation ``Night flying prohibited'' will
become invalid for use if the pilot does not comply with the night
flight training requirements within 12 calendar months after issuance
of the certificate. This correction is consistent with the change to
Sec. 61.110(b)(2).
Section 61.133 Commercial pilot privileges and limitations. A
provision permitting a commercial pilot with a lighter-than-air
category rating to provide training and endorsements for a flight
review, operating privilege, or recency of experience requirements was
inadvertently omitted from paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(ii). The FAA
added paragraphs (a)(2)(i)(E) and (a)(2)(ii)(D) to provide for these
privileges.
Section 61.153 Eligibility requirements: General. The FAA
inadvertently included the phrase ``if the person holds a pilot
license'' in the eligibility requirements for pilots applying for an
ATP certificate, and who hold a foreign ATP license or a foreign
commercial pilot license and an instrument rating. This language was a
superfluous addition and has been deleted. In addition, the requirement
that the applicant hold the foreign pilot license and instrument rating
without limitations was inadvertently omitted from the final rule. This
language was included in Sec. 61.155 before the adoption of the final
rule and has been reinstated.
Section 61.157 Flight proficiency. As adopted in the final rule,
an applicant for a type rating would be required to perform the
practical test under ``instrument flight rules.'' It was not the FAA's
intention to require an applicant to file an IFR flight plan;
therefore, the FAA has corrected paragraph (b)(3) to require that the
practical test for an additional type rating be performed in actual or
simulated instrument conditions.
In Amendment No. 61-101, ``Aircraft Flight Simulator Use in Pilot
Training, Testing, and Checking at Training Centers; Editorial and
Other Changes'' (62 FR 13788, March 21, 1997), the FAA revised
Sec. 61.157, in part, to provide that a check conducted under 14 CFR
Sec. 121.441 and used to satisfy the requirements of Sec. 61.157 must
be a pilot-in-command proficiency check. This requirement was
inadvertently omitted from Sec. 61.157 when the final rule was adopted.
This requirement has been incorporated into paragraph (f)(1).
[[Page 40892]]
Section 61.165 Additional aircraft category and class ratings. The
FAA corrected paragraphs (b) and (c) by removing the references to
class ratings. This correction is necessary because a knowledge test is
not required when a person who holds an ATP certificate seeks an
additional class rating within the same aircraft category. The FAA has
added paragraph (e) to address this situation.
Section 61.183 Eligibility requirements. The FAA has clarified the
eligibility requirement contained in paragraph (c)(2) for persons
seeking a flight instructor certificate. Under new paragraph (c)(2), an
applicant is required to hold either a commercial pilot certificate
with an instrument rating or an ATP certificate with instrument
privileges on that applicant's pilot certificate that is appropriate to
the flight instructor rating sought. The word ``privileges'' refers to
the instrument privileges held by airline transport pilots.
The reference in paragraph (e) to Sec. 61.185(a) has been corrected
to read Sec. 61.185(a)(1). This correction was necessary because not
all applicants for a flight instructor certificate or rating are
required to pass a knowledge test on the fundamentals of instruction as
specified in Sec. 61.185(a)(1). However, the FAA notes that all
applicants are required to pass a knowledge test on the appropriate
aeronautical knowledge areas in Sec. 61.185(a) (2) and (3).
Section 61.185 Aeronautical knowledge. For the same reasons stated
in the preamble to the corrections of Sec. 61.183, the reference to
Sec. 61.185(a) in paragraph (b) has been corrected to read
Sec. 61.185(a)(1).
Section 61.193 Flight instructor privileges. The FAA has removed
from the introductory paragraph to this section the phrase ``and that
person's pilot certificate and rating.'' It may have appeared from this
language that a flight instructor could instruct based only on that
instructor's pilot certificate and ratings; however, a flight
instructor is authorized to instruct only within the limitations on
that person's flight instructor's certificate. The FAA notes that under
Sec. 61.195, a flight instructor may not conduct flight training in any
aircraft for which the flight instructor does not hold a valid pilot
certificate and flight instructor certificate, with the appropriate
ratings. In addition, a flight instructor who provides flight training
for the issuance of an instrument rating or type rating not limited to
conducting operations under VFR must hold an instrument rating on his
or her pilot certificate and flight instructor certificate that is
appropriate to the category and class of aircraft in which instrument
training is provided.
Section 61.217 Recent experience requirements. It was not the
FAA's intention to require a ground instructor to meet the recent
experience requirements by demonstrating proficiency to an FAA
inspector or a designated pilot examiner. Therefore, paragraph (b) has
been corrected to provide that the holder of a ground instructor
certificate may not perform the duties of a ground instructor unless
within the preceding 12 months that person has received an endorsement
from an authorized ground or flight instructor who certifies that the
person has demonstrated proficiency in the subject areas prescribed in
Sec. 61.213(a)(3) and (a)(4).
Part 141
Terminology. References to ``instructor'' have been changed to
``authorized instructor'' because only authorized instructors as
defined in Sec. 61.1(b)(2) may provide training.
Section 141.31 Applicability. Paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) have
been clarified by specifying that a pilot school or provisional pilot
school must, at the time of application, have ownership of, or a
written lease agreement for, a facility or airport for at least the 6
calendar months beyond the date that the application for initial
certification and renewal was made.
Section 141.35 Chief instructor qualifications. Paragraph (a)(1)
has been corrected by specifying that a chief instructor must hold an
instrument rating only if such a rating is applicable to the course of
training for the particular category and class of aircraft in which he
or she will instruct. The language in the amendment inadvertently
resulted in a requirement that a chief pilot for a commercial pilot-
helicopter course must hold an instrument rating. In addition,
paragraph (a)(6) has been corrected to include airships among the class
of aircraft for which a chief instructor is required to have only 40
percent of the hours specified in paragraphs (b) and (d) of the
section; those paragraphs include requirements for instrument
instruction. The requirement in paragraph (a)(6) has been changed
because the FAA proposed an instrument rating for airships in Notice
No. 95-11, but inadvertently neglected to omit that proposal in the
final rule. Paragraphs (a) (6) and (7) also have been combined to
remove a reference to paragraph (c) that addresses instrument ratings,
which no longer apply to airships.
Section 141.36 Assistant chief instructor qualifications.
Paragraph (a) has been corrected by specifying that an assistant chief
instructor must hold an instrument rating only if such a rating is
applicable to the course of training for the particular category and
class of aircraft in which he or she will instruct. This change was
necessary for the same reasons that the requirements of Sec. 141.35(a)
were changed for chief instructors.
Section 141.53 Approval procedures for a training course: General.
Paragraph (c)(1) has been clarified by specifying that the retention of
a course's approval until 1 year after August 4, 1997, when that
training course is submitted for approval before August 4, 1997, is
permitted, but not mandated, by the rule, which was never the FAA's
intent.
Section 141.63 Examining authority qualification requirements.
Paragraph (a)(5) has been corrected by replacing the word ``after''
with the word ``before'' because the paragraph lists the requirements
that a school must meet before it can apply for examining authority.
Section 141.75 Aircraft requirements. This section has been
changed by deleting paragraphs (b) and (c) because they contained
provisions in Sec. 141.39(b), to the extent that, at the time of
application, the Administrator may permit a flight school's aircraft to
hold airworthiness certificates that are other than standard or
primary, if the Administrator determines that such types of aircraft
may be used. This would include such specialized roles as agricultural,
external-load, test-pilot, and special operations.
Section 141.77 Limitations. This section has been clarified by
specifying the requirement for the manner in which a school may give
credit for another school's certification. Specifically, this credit
relates to the kind and amount of training the previous school provided
to a student who has since transferred.
Section 141.93 Enrollment. Paragraph (a)(3)(v) has been clarified
by changing the term ``write-offs'' to ``approval for return-to-service
determinations,'' even though the former term was used before adoption
of the final rule. The FAA is making this change because the term was
never adequately explained, and it is not part of common aviation
terminology.
Appendix B to Part 141--Private Pilot Certification Course. Section
No. 4, paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and (4) have been corrected to permit
the additional use of training time in flight simulators and flight
training devices in approved courses. This change reflects the changes
set forth in the final rule, which incorporated a new definition for
``flight
[[Page 40893]]
simulators'' and introduced a new definition for ``flight training
devices,'' with other training equipment falling under the definition
of ``training aids and equipment.'' As a result of these changes, the
number of hours that could be credited for flight training devices
based on the older definition of ``ground trainers'' no longer
corresponded to the total number of hours that could be credited for
training specified in part 141 before the amendment. Because this
reduction was unintentional, the FAA is adjusting the amount of
training permitted in flight training devices to avoid any reduction in
the amount of training time that may be credited. To preserve the ratio
of training time that may be credited in a part 141 course between
flight training devices and flight simulators, the amount of training
time that may be credited in a flight simulator also has been adjusted.
Appendix C to Part 141--Instrument Rating Course. Section No. 4,
paragraph (b)(3) has been modified for the same reasons as appendix B,
section No. 4, paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and (4).
Appendix D to Part 141--Commercial Pilot Certification Course.
Section No. 3, paragraph (a) has been changed to reduce the hours of
training required for the commercial pilot certification course for an
airplane or powered-lift category rating, because candidates for the
course are already required to hold an instrument rating before
enrolling in the course. At the same time, a new section No. (a)(2) was
created with increased hour requirements to provide for a lighter-than-
air category with an airship class rating. This increase was
inadvertently omitted from the final rule, and is a result of the FAA's
decision to withdraw the proposed instrument rating for the airship
class. As a result, a commercial pilot certification course would
require increased hours for airship class candidates. This would
provide a comparable level of training and experience among pilots
regardless of the rating obtained. Section No. 4, paragraph (a) has
been changed for the same reasons. Paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and (4) have
been modified for the same reasons as appendix B, section No. 4,
paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and (4).
Appendix F to Part 141--Flight Instructor Certification Course.
Section 4, paragraph (c)(6)(vii) has been clarified to include tows as
well as launches, and to specify go-arounds ``if applicable'' because
only certain gliders are motorized.
Appendix I to Part 141--Additional Aircraft Category or Class
Rating Course. Section No. 3 has been corrected to clarify that an
approved course for an additional aircraft category rating or
additional class rating must include only the ground training time
requirements and ground training on the aeronautical knowledge areas
that are specific to that aircraft category and class rating and pilot
certificate level for which the course applies as provided in
appendixes A, B, D, or E of this part. It was not the FAA's intent to
require that the course for an additional rating include the total
ground training time requirements for the pilot certificate. Section
No. 4, paragraph (a) has been corrected for reasons similar to those
discussed in the preamble of the corrections to Section No. 3. In
addition, paragraphs (b)(2), (3), and (4) have been modified for the
same reasons as appendix B, section No. 4, paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and
(4).
List of Subjects
14 CFR Part 61
Aircraft, Airmen, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
14 CFR Part 141
Airmen, Aviation safety, Educational facilities, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Schools.
Correction of Publication
Accordingly, in Federal Register Doc. No. 97-7450, published on
April 4, 1997, make the following corrections:
PART 61--CERTIFICATION: PILOTS, FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS, AND GROUND
INSTRUCTORS
1. On page 16298, in the second column, in the table of contents
for subpart A of part 61, the entry for Sec. 61.4 is corrected to read
``Qualification and approval of flight simulators and flight training
devices.''.
2. On page 16298, in the third column, in the table of contents for
subpart A of part 61, the entry for Sec. 61.58 is corrected to read
``Pilot-in-command proficiency check: Operation of aircraft requiring
more than one pilot flight crewmember.''.
3. On page 16298, in the third column, in the table of contents for
subpart B of part 61, the entry for Sec. 61.63 is corrected to read
``Additional aircraft ratings (other than on an airline transport pilot
certificate).''.
4. On page 16299, in the second column, in the table of contents
for subpart I of part 61, the entry for Sec. 61.217 is corrected to
read ``Recent experience requirements.''.
Sec. 61.1 [Corrected]
5. Sec. 61.1 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16300, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1), in line
3, before the word ``flight'', remove the word ``approved'', and, after
the word ``or'', remove the word ``approved''.
b. On page 16300, in the third column, paragraph (b)(3) should read
as follows:
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(3) Cross-country time means--
(i) Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(3) (ii), (iii), (iv), and
(v) of this section, time acquired during a flight--
(A) Conducted by a person who holds a pilot certificate;
(B) Conducted in an aircraft;
(C) That includes a landing at a point other than the point of
departure; and
(D) That involves the use of dead reckoning, pilotage, electronic
navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems to navigate to
the landing point.
(ii) For the purpose of meeting the aeronautical experience
requirements (except for a rotorcraft category rating), for a private
pilot certificate, a commercial pilot certificate, or an instrument
rating, or for the purpose of exercising recreational pilot privileges
(except in a rotorcraft) under Sec. 61.101(c), time acquired during a
flight--
(A) Conducted in an appropriate aircraft;
(B) That includes a point of landing that was at least a straight-
line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original point of
departure; and
(C) That involves the use of dead reckoning, pilotage, electronic
navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems to navigate to
the landing point.
(iii) For the purpose of meeting the aeronautical experience
requirements for any pilot certificate with a rotorcraft category
rating or an instrument-helicopter rating, or for the purpose of
exercising recreational pilot privileges, in a rotorcraft, under
Sec. 61.101(c), time acquired during a flight--
(A) Conducted in an appropriate aircraft;
(B) That includes a point of landing that was at least a straight-
line distance of more than 25 nautical miles from the original point of
departure; and
(C) That involves the use of dead reckoning, pilotage, electronic
navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems to navigate to
the landing point.
(iv) For the purpose of meeting the aeronautical experience
requirements for an airline transport pilot certificate (except with a
rotorcraft category rating), time acquired during a flight--
[[Page 40894]]
(A) Conducted in an appropriate aircraft;
(B) That is at least a straight-line distance of more than 50
nautical miles from the original point of departure; and
(C) That involves the use of dead reckoning, pilotage, electronic
navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems.
(v) For a military pilot who qualifies for a commercial pilot
certificate (except with a rotorcraft category rating) under Sec. 61.73
of this part, time acquired during a flight--
(A) Conducted in an appropriate aircraft;
(B) That is at least a straight-line distance of more than 50
nautical miles from the original point of departure; and
(C) That involves the use of dead reckoning, pilotage, electronic
navigation aids, radio aids, or other navigation systems.
c. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(12)(i),
after the word ``pilot'', add the words ``flight crewmember''.
d. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(12)(ii),
in line 3, before the word ``flight'', remove the word ``approved''
and, after the word ``or'', remove the word ``approved''.
e. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(12)(iii),
in line 2, remove the word ``approved'' and, in line 3, remove the word
``approved''.
f. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(13), in
line 6, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 7, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''.
g. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(15)(iii),
in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place,
the word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.2 [Corrected]
6. Sec. 61.2 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (a), in line
3, after the word ``certificate'', add the words ``issued under this
part (other than under Sec. 61.75)''.
b. On page 16301, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(1), in
line 3, after the word ``pilot'', add the word ``flight''.
c. On page 16301, in the third column, in paragraph (c)(1), in line
2, remove the word ``of''.
Sec. 61.3 [Corrected]
7. Sec. 61.3 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16301, in the third column, in paragraph (a), in line 3,
after the word ``pilot'', add the words ``flight crewmember''.
b. On page 16301, in the third column, in paragraph (b)
introductory text, in line 5, after the word ``pilot'', add the words
``flight crewmember''.
c. On page 16301, in the third column, paragraph (c)(1) should read
as follows:
* * * * *
(c) * * *
(1) Except as provided for in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, a
person may not act as pilot in command or in any other capacity as a
required pilot flight crewmember of an aircraft, under a certificate
issued to that person under this part, unless that person has a current
and appropriate medical certificate that has been issued under part 67
of this chapter, or other documentation acceptable to the
Administrator, which is in that person's physical possession or readily
accessible in the aircraft.
* * * * *
d. On page 16302, in the first column, in paragraph (c)(2)(iv), in
line 6, after the word ``required'', add the words ``pilot flight''.
e. On page 16302, in the first column, paragraph (d) should read as
follows:
* * * * *
(d) Flight instructor certificate. (1) A person who holds a flight
instructor certificate issued under this part must have that
certificate, or other documentation acceptable to the Administrator, in
that person's physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft
when exercising the privileges of that flight instructor certificate.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(3) of this section, no
person other than the holder of a flight instructor certificate issued
under this part with the appropriate rating on that certificate may--
(i) Give training required to qualify a person for solo flight and
solo cross-country flight;
(ii) Endorse an applicant for a--
(A) Pilot certificate or rating issued under this part;
(B) Flight instructor certificate or rating issued under this part;
or
(C) Ground instructor certificate or rating issued under this part;
(iii) Endorse a pilot logbook to show training given; or
(iv) Endorse a student pilot certificate and logbook for solo
operating privileges.
(3) A flight instructor certificate issued under this part is not
necessary--
(i) Under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by the holder of a commercial pilot certificate with a lighter-
than-air rating, provided the training is given in accordance with the
privileges of the certificate in a lighter-than-air aircraft;
(ii) Under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by the holder of an airline transport pilot certificate with a
rating appropriate to the aircraft in which the training is given,
provided the training is given in accordance with the privileges of the
certificate and conducted in accordance with an approved air carrier
training program approved under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter;
(iii) Under paragraph (d)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by a person who is qualified in accordance with subpart C of part
142 of this chapter, provided the training is conducted in accordance
with an approved part 142 training program;
(iv) Under paragraphs (d)(2)(i), (d)(2)(ii)(C), and (d)(2)(iii) of
this section, if the training is given by the holder of a ground
instructor certificate in accordance with the privileges of the
certificate; or
(v) Under paragraph (d)(2)(iii) of this section, if the training is
given by an authorized flight instructor under Sec. 61.41 of this part.
f. On page 16302, in the third column, paragraph (i) should read as
follows:
* * * * *
(i) Ground instructor certificate. (1) Each person who holds a
ground instructor certificate issued under this part or part 143 must
have that certificate in that person's physical possession or
immediately accessible when exercising the privileges of that
certificate.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (i)(3) of this section, no
person other than the holder of a ground instructor certificate, issued
under this part or part 143, with the appropriate rating on that
certificate may--
(i) Give ground training required to qualify a person for solo
flight and solo cross-country flight;
(ii) Endorse an applicant for a knowledge test required for a
pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor certificate or rating
issued under this part; or
(iii) Endorse a pilot logbook to show ground training given.
(3) A ground instructor certificate issued under this part is not
necessary--
(i) Under paragraph (i)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by the holder of a flight instructor certificate issued under
this part in accordance with the privileges of that certificate;
(ii) Under paragraph (i)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by the holder of a commercial pilot certificate with a lighter-
than-air rating, provided
[[Page 40895]]
the training is given in accordance with the privileges of the
certificate in a lighter-than-air aircraft;
(iii) Under paragraph (i)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by the holder of an airline transport pilot certificate with a
rating appropriate to the aircraft in which the training is given,
provided the training is given in accordance with the privileges of the
certificate and conducted in accordance with an approved air carrier
training program approved under part 121 or part 135 of this chapter;
(iv) Under paragraph (i)(2) of this section, if the training is
given by a person who is qualified in accordance with subpart C of part
142 of this chapter, provided the training is conducted in accordance
with an approved part 142 training program; or
(v) Under paragraph (i)(2)(iii) of this section, if the training is
given by an authorized flight instructor under Sec. 61.41 of this part.
Sec. 61.4 [Corrected]
8. Sec. 61.4 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16303, in the second column, the heading for Sec. 61.4
should read as follows: ``Qualification and approval of flight
simulators and flight training devices.''
b. On page 16303, in the second column, in paragraph (a)
introductory text, in line 8, before the word ``approved'', add the
words ``qualified and''.
c. On page 16303, in the second column, in paragraph (c), in line
2, remove the word ``training''.
Sec. 61.11 [Corrected]
9. Sec. 61.11 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16304, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(2), in line
2, after the word ``required'', add the words ``pilot flight''.
b. On page 16304, in the first column, in paragraph (b)
introductory text, in line 2, remove the word ``may'' and add, in its
place, the word ``will''.
c. On page 16304, in the first column, in paragraph (c), in line 4,
after the word ``expires'', add the words ``unless otherwise specified
on the U.S. pilot certificate. A certificate without an expiration date
is issued to the holder of the expired certificate only if that person
meets the requirements of Sec. 61.75 for the issuance of a pilot
certificate based on a foreign pilot license''.
d. On page 16304, in the first column, remove paragraph (g).
10. On page 16304, in the first column, Sec. 61.13 is corrected to
read as follows:
Sec. 61.13 Issuance of airman certificates, ratings, and
authorizations.
(a) Application. (1) An applicant for an airman certificate,
rating, or authorization under this part must make that application on
a form and in a manner acceptable to the Administrator.
(2) An applicant who is neither a citizen of the United States nor
a resident alien of the United States--
(i) Must show evidence that the appropriate fee prescribed in
appendix A to part 187 of this chapter has been paid when that person
applies for a--
(A) Student pilot certificate that is issued outside the United
States; or
(B) Knowledge test or practical test for an airman certificate or
rating issued under this part, if the test is administered outside the
United States.
(ii) May be refused issuance of any U.S. airman certificate,
rating, or authorization by the Administrator.
(3) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section, an
applicant who satisfactorily accomplishes the training and
certification requirements for the certificate, rating, or
authorization sought is entitled to receive that airman certificate,
rating, or authorization.
(b) Limitations. (1) An applicant who cannot comply with certain
areas of operation required on the practical test because of physical
limitations may be issued an airman certificate, rating, or
authorization with the appropriate limitation placed on the applicant's
airman certificate provided the--
(i) Applicant is able to meet all other certification requirements
for the airman certificate, rating, or authorization sought; (ii)
Physical limitation has been recorded with the FAA on the applicant's
medical records; and
(iii) Administrator determines that the applicant's inability to
perform the particular area of operation will not adversely affect
safety.
(2) A limitation placed on a person's airman certificate may be
removed, provided that person demonstrates for an examiner satisfactory
proficiency in the area of operation appropriate to the airman
certificate, rating, or authorization sought.
(c) Additional requirements for Category II and Category III pilot
authorizations. (1) A Category II or Category III pilot authorization
is issued by a letter of authorization as part of an applicant's
instrument rating or airline transport pilot certificate.
(2) Upon original issue, the authorization contains the following
limitations:
(i) For Category II operations, the limitation is 1,600 feet RVR
and a 150-foot decision height; and
(ii) For Category III operations, each initial limitation is
specified in the authorization document.
(3) The limitations on a Category II or Category III pilot
authorization may be removed as follows:
(i) In the case of Category II limitations, a limitation is removed
when the holder shows that, since the beginning of the sixth preceding
month, the holder has made three Category II ILS approaches with a 150-
foot decision height to a landing under actual or simulated instrument
conditions.
(ii) In the case of Category III limitations, a limitation is
removed as specified in the authorization.
(4) To meet the experience requirements of paragraph (c)(3) of this
section, and for the practical test required by this part for a
Category II or a Category III pilot authorization, a flight simulator
or flight training device may be used if it is approved by the
Administrator for such use.
(d) Application during suspension or revocation. (1) Unless
otherwise authorized by the Administrator, a person whose pilot, flight
instructor, or ground instructor certificate has been suspended may not
apply for any certificate, rating, or authorization during the period
of suspension.
(2) Unless otherwise authorized by the Administrator, a person
whose pilot, flight instructor, or ground instructor certificate has
been revoked may not apply for any certificate, rating, or
authorization for 1 year after the date of revocation.
Sec. 61.23 [Corrected]
11. Sec. 61.23 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16306, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(3)(iv), in
line 6, after the word ``required'', add the words ``pilot flight''.
b. On page 16306, in the first column, in paragraph (b)(5), in line
4, after the word ``required'', add the words ``pilot flight''.
c. On page 16306, in the first column, in paragraph (b)(7), in line
4, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place, the word ``a'', and,
in line 5, before the word ``flight'', remove the word ``approved''
and, after the word ``or'', remove the word ``approved''.
d. On page 16306, in the first column, in paragraph (b)(8), in line
3, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 4, remove the word ``approved''.
e. On page 16306, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(1)(iii),
in line 6, after the word ``required'', add the words ``pilot flight''.
f. On page 16306, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(2)(ii), in
line 6,
[[Page 40896]]
after the word ``required'', add the words ``pilot flight''.
g. On page 16306, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(3)
introductory text, in line 6, after the word ``required'', add the
words ``pilot flight''.
Sec. 61.29 [Corrected]
12. Sec. 61.29 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16306, in the third column, in paragraph (a), in line 3,
remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the word ``must'',
and, in line 7, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the
word ``must''.
b. On page 16306, in the third column, in paragraph (b), in line 3,
remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the word ``must'',
and, in line 7, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the
word ``must''.
c. On page 16306, in the third column, in paragraph (c), in line 3,
remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the word ``must'',
and, in line 7, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the
word ``must''.
d. On page 16306, in the third column, in paragraph (e)
introductory text, in line 4, after the acronym ``FAA'', add the words
``Aeromedical Certification Branch or the Airman Certification Branch,
as appropriate,''.
13. On page 16307, in the first column, Sec. 61.31 is corrected to
read as follows:
Sec. 61.31 Type rating requirements, additional training, and
authorization requirements.
(a) Type ratings required. A person who acts as a pilot in command
of any of the following aircraft must hold a type rating for that
aircraft:
(1) Large aircraft (except lighter-than-air).
(2) Turbojet-powered airplanes.
(3) Other aircraft specified by the Administrator through aircraft
type certificate procedures.
(b) Authorization in lieu of a type rating. A person may be
authorized to operate without a type rating for up to 60 days an
aircraft requiring a type rating, provided--
(1) The Administrator has authorized the flight or series of
flights;
(2) The Administrator has determined that an equivalent level of
safety can be achieved through the operating limitations on the
authorization;
(3) The person shows that compliance with paragraph (a) of this
section is impracticable for the flight or series of flights; and
(4) The flight--
(i) Involves only a ferry flight, training flight, test flight, or
practical test for a pilot certificate or rating;
(ii) Is within the United States;
(iii) Does not involve operations for compensation or hire unless
the compensation or hire involves payment for the use of the aircraft
for training or taking a practical test; and
(iv) Involves only the carriage of flight crewmembers considered
essential for the flight.
(5) If the flight or series of flights cannot be accomplished
within the time limit of the authorization, the Administrator may
authorize an additional period of up to 60 days to accomplish the
flight or series of flights.
(c) Aircraft category, class, and type ratings: Limitations on the
carriage of persons, or operating for compensation or hire. Unless a
person holds a category, class, and type rating (if a class and type
rating is required) that applies to the aircraft, that person may not
act as pilot in command of an aircraft that is carrying another person,
or is operated for compensation or hire. That person also may not act
as pilot in command of that aircraft for compensation or hire.
(d) Aircraft category, class, and type ratings: Limitations on
operating an aircraft as the pilot in command. To serve as the pilot in
command of an aircraft, a person must--
(1) Hold the appropriate category, class, and type rating (if a
class rating and type rating are required) for the aircraft to be
flown;
(2) Be receiving training for the purpose of obtaining an
additional pilot certificate and rating that are appropriate to that
aircraft, and be under the supervision of an authorized instructor; or
(3) Have received training required by this part that is
appropriate to the aircraft category, class, and type rating (if a
class or type rating is required) for the aircraft to be flown, and
have received the required endorsements from an instructor who is
authorized to provide the required endorsements for solo flight in that
aircraft.
(e) Additional training required for operating complex airplanes.
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, no person
may act as pilot in command of a complex airplane (an airplane that has
a retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable pitch propeller;
or, in the case of a seaplane, flaps and a controllable pitch
propeller), unless the person has--
(i) Received and logged ground and flight training from an
authorized instructor in a complex airplane, or in a flight simulator
or flight training device that is representative of a complex airplane,
and has been found proficient in the operation and systems of the
airplane; and
(ii) Received a one-time endorsement in the pilot's logbook from an
authorized instructor who certifies the person is proficient to operate
a complex airplane.
(2) The training and endorsement required by paragraph (e)(1) of
this section is not required if the person has logged flight time as
pilot in command of a complex airplane, or in a flight simulator or
flight training device that is representative of a complex airplane
prior to August 4, 1997.
(f) Additional training required for operating high-performance
airplanes. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this section,
no person may act as pilot in command of a high-performance airplane
(an airplane with an engine of more than 200 horsepower), unless the
person has--
(i) Received and logged ground and flight training from an
authorized instructor in a high-performance airplane, or in a flight
simulator or flight training device that is representative of a high-
performance airplane, and has been found proficient in the operation
and systems of the airplane; and
(ii) Received a one-time endorsement in the pilot's logbook from an
authorized instructor who certifies the person is proficient to operate
a high-performance airplane.
(2) The training and endorsement required by paragraph (f)(1) of
this section is not required if the person has logged flight time as
pilot in command of a high-performance airplane, or in a flight
simulator or flight training device that is representative of a high-
performance airplane prior to August 4, 1997.
(g) Additional training required for operating pressurized aircraft
capable of operating at high altitudes. (1) Except as provided in
paragraph (g)(3) of this section, no person may act as pilot in command
of a pressurized aircraft (an aircraft that has a service ceiling or
maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 feet MSL),
unless that person has received and logged ground training from an
authorized instructor and obtained an endorsement in the person's
logbook or training record from an authorized instructor who certifies
the person has satisfactorily accomplished the ground training. The
ground training must include at least the following subjects:
(i) High-altitude aerodynamics and meteorology;
(ii) Respiration;
[[Page 40897]]
(iii) Effects, symptoms, and causes of hypoxia and any other high-
altitude sickness;
(iv) Duration of consciousness without supplemental oxygen;
(v) Effects of prolonged usage of supplemental oxygen;
(vi) Causes and effects of gas expansion and gas bubble formation;
(vii) Preventive measures for eliminating gas expansion, gas bubble
formation, and high-altitude sickness;
(viii) Physical phenomena and incidents of decompression; and
(ix) Any other physiological aspects of high-altitude flight.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (g)(3) of this section, no
person may act as pilot in command of a pressurized aircraft unless
that person has received and logged training from an authorized
instructor in a pressurized aircraft, or in a flight simulator or
flight training device that is representative of a pressurized
aircraft, and obtained an endorsement in the person's logbook or
training record from an authorized instructor who found the person
proficient in the operation of a pressurized aircraft. The flight
training must include at least the following subjects:
(i) Normal cruise flight operations while operating above 25,000
feet MSL;
(ii) Proper emergency procedures for simulated rapid decompression
without actually depressurizing the aircraft; and
(iii) Emergency descent procedures.
(3) The training and endorsement required by paragraphs (g)(1) and
(g)(2) of this section are not required if that person can document
satisfactory accomplishment of any of the following in a pressurized
aircraft, or in a flight simulator or flight training device that is
representative of a pressurized aircraft:
(i) Serving as pilot in command before April 15, 1991;
(ii) Completing a pilot proficiency check for a pilot certificate
or rating before April 15, 1991;
(iii) Completing an official pilot-in-command check conducted by
the military services of the United States; or
(iv) Completing a pilot-in-command proficiency check under part
121, 125, or 135 of this chapter conducted by the Administrator or by
an approved pilot check airman.
(h) Additional training required by the aircraft's type
certificate. No person may serve as pilot in command of an aircraft
that the Administrator has determined requires aircraft type-specific
training unless that person has--
(1) Received and logged type-specific training in the aircraft, or
in a flight simulator or flight training device that is representative
of that type of aircraft; and
(2) Received a logbook endorsement from an authorized instructor
who has found the person proficient in the operation of the aircraft
and its systems.
(i) Additional training required for operating tailwheel airplanes.
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (i)(2) of this section, no person
may act as pilot in command of a tailwheel airplane unless that person
has received and logged flight training from an authorized instructor
in a tailwheel airplane and received an endorsement in the person's
logbook from an authorized instructor who found the person proficient
in the operation of a tailwheel airplane. The flight training must
include at least the following the maneuvers and procedures:
(i) Normal and crosswind takeoffs and landings;
(ii) Wheel landings (unless the manufacturer has recommended
against such landings); and
(iii) Go-around procedures.
(2) The training and endorsement required by paragraph (i)(1) of
this section is not required if the person logged pilot-in-command time
in a tailwheel airplane before April 15, 1991.
(j) Additional training required for operating a glider. (1) No
person may act as pilot in command of a glider--
(i) Using ground-tow procedures, unless that person has
satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training on ground-tow
procedures and operations, and has received an endorsement from an
authorized instructor who certifies in that pilot's logbook that the
pilot has been found proficient in ground-tow procedures and
operations;
(ii) Using aerotow procedures, unless that person has
satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training on aerotow
procedures and operations, and has received an endorsement from an
authorized instructor who certifies in that pilot's logbook that the
pilot has been found proficient in aerotow procedures and operations;
or
(iii) Using self-launch procedures, unless that person has
satisfactorily accomplished ground and flight training on self-launch
procedures and operations, and has received an endorsement from an
authorized instructor who certifies in that pilot's logbook that the
pilot has been found proficient in self-launch procedures and
operations.
(2) The holder of a glider rating issued prior to August 4, 1997,
is considered to be in compliance with the training and logbook
endorsement requirements of this paragraph for the specific operating
privilege for which the holder is already qualified.
(k) Exceptions. (1) This section does not require a category and
class rating for aircraft not type certificated as airplanes,
rotorcraft, or lighter-than-air aircraft, or a class rating for gliders
or powered-lifts.
(2) The rating limitations of this section do not apply to--
(i) An applicant when taking a practical test given by an examiner;
(ii) The holder of a student pilot certificate; --(iii) The holder
of a pilot certificate when operating an aircraft under the authority
of an experimental or provisional aircraft type certificate;
(iv) The holder of a pilot certificate with a lighter-than-air
category rating when operating a balloon; or
(v) The holder of a recreational pilot certificate operating under
the provisions of Sec. 61.101(h).
Sec. 61.39 [Corrected]
14. On page 16309, in the first column, correct Sec. 61.39(a)(6)
introductory text, in lines 1 through 2, by removing the words ``Except
as provided in paragraph (c) of this section,'' and, in line 2, by
capitalizing the word ``have.''
Sec. 61.45 [Corrected]
15. Sec. 61.45 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16309, in the third column, in paragraph (a)
introductory text, in line 4, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a''; in line 5, remove the word ``approved'', and
remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place, the word ``a''; and in
line 6, remove the word ``approved''.
a.-1. On page 16310, in the first column, in paragraph (a)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the word ``approved''.
b. On page 16310, in the first column, in paragraph (b)
introductory text, in line 2, remove the word ``An'' and add, in its
place, the words ``Unless otherwise authorized by the Administrator,
an''.
Sec. 61.47 [Corrected]
16. On page 16310, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.47(c), in
line 6, by removing the word ``on'' and adding, in its place, the word
``for''.
Sec. 61.51 [Corrected]
17. Sec. 61.51 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16310, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1)(ii),
after the word ``time'', add the words ``or lesson time''.
b. On page 16310, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1)(iii), in
line 3, before the word ``flight'', remove the words ``an approved'',
and add, in their place, the word ``a'', and, after the word
[[Page 40898]]
``or'', remove the word ``an''; and, in line 4, remove the word
``approved''.
c. On page 16310, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1)(iv), in
line 2, before the word ``flight'', remove the word ``approved'', and,
after the word ``or'', remove the word ``approved''.
d. On page 16310, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2)(v), in
line 1, remove the words ``an approved'', and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
e. On page 16310, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(3)(iii), in
line 2, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 3, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''.
f. On page 16310, in the third column, in paragraph (d), in line 2,
remove the words ``acting as'' and add, in their place, the words
``performing the functions of'', and, in line 4, before the word
``flight'', add the word ``pilot''.
g. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(1), in line
2, after the word ``person'', remove the word ``is''.
h. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(1)(i), in
line 1, before the word ``sole'', remove the word ``The'' and add, in
its place, the words ``Is the''.
i. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(1)(ii), in
line 2, remove the word ``when'' and add, in its place, the word
``is''.
j. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(4)
introductory text, in line 2, after the word ``time'', add the word
``only''.
k. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(4)(i),
after the word ``aircraft'', add the words ``or is performing the
functions of pilot in command of an airship requiring more than one
pilot flight crewmember''.
l. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(4)(iii), in
line 2, after the word ``rating'', remove the comma, and, in lines 2
through 8, remove the words ``is acting as pilot in command of an
airship requiring more than one flight crewmember, or is logging pilot-
in-command flight time to obtain the pilot-in-command flight experience
requirements for a pilot certificate or aircraft rating''.
m. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (f)
introductory text, in line 3, after the word ``command'', remove the
word ``flight''.
n. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (g)(1), in line
2, after the word ``instrument'', remove the word ``flight''.
o. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (g)(2), in line
2, after the word ``instrument'', remove the word ``flight''.
p. On page 16311, in the first column, in paragraph (g)(3)
introductory text, in line 2, after the word ``instrument'', remove the
word ``flight''.
q. On page 16311, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(4), in
line 1, remove the words ``An approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``A''; in line 2, remove the word ``approved''; and, in line 3,
remove the word ``flight''.
r. On page 16311, in the second column, in paragraph (h)(1), in
line 4, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 5, remove the word
``approved''.
s. On page 16311, in the second column, in paragraph (h)(2)(ii), in
line 3, before the word ``instructor'', add the word ``authorized''.
t. On page 16311, in the second column, in paragraph (i)(2)
introductory text, in line 4, before the word ``instructor'', add the
word ``authorized''.
u. On page 16311, in the second column, paragraph (i)(3) should
read as follows:
* * * * *
(3) A recreational pilot must carry his or her logbook with the
required authorized instructor endorsements on all solo flights--
(i) That exceed 50 nautical miles from the airport at which
training was received;
(ii) Within airspace that requires communication with air traffic
control;
(iii) Conducted between sunset and sunrise; or
(iv) In an aircraft for which the pilot does not hold an
appropriate category or class rating.
Sec. 61.55 [Corrected]
18. Sec. 61.55 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16311, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2)
introductory text, in line 3, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a''; in line 4, before the word ``flight'', remove
the word ``approved'' and, after the word ``simulator'', remove the
words ``or approved''; and, in line 5, remove the words ``flight
training device''.
b. On page 16311, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``landings'', add the words ``to a full stop''.
c. On page 16312, in the first column, in paragraph (g)
introductory text, in line 4, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''; in line 5, remove the dash; in lines 6
through 7, remove paragraph (g)(1); and in line 8, remove the paragraph
designation ``(2)'', and remove the word ``Used'' and add, in its
place, the word ``used''.
Sec. 61.56 [Corrected]
19. Sec. 61.56 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16312, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(1), in
lines 3 through 6, remove the words ``appropriately rated instructor
certificated under this part or other person designated by the
Administrator'' and add, in their place, the words ``authorized
instructor''.
b. On page 16312, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(2), in
line 1, remove the words ``by the person'' and add, in their place, the
words ``from an authorized instructor''.
c. On page 16312, in the second column, in paragraph (g), in line
6, remove the word ``person'' and add, in its place, the words
``authorized instructor''.
d. On page 16312, in the third column, remove paragraph (h)(1).
e. On page 16312, in the third column, redesignate paragraph (h)(2)
as paragraph (h)(1) and in new paragraph (h)(1), in line 1, remove the
word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
f. On page 16312, in the third column, redesignate paragraph (h)(3)
as paragraph (h)(2).
g. On page 16312, in the third column, redesignate paragraph (h)(4)
as paragraph (h)(3) and in new paragraph (h)(3), in line 1, remove the
word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.57 [Corrected]
20. Sec. 61.57 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16312, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(1)
introductory text, in lines 5 through 6, remove the words ``as a
required pilot on board an aircraft that requires'' and add, in their
place, the words ``of an aircraft certificated for''.
b. On page 16312, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(3)
introductory text, in line 3, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 4, remove the words ``an
approved''.
c. On page 16313, in the first column, in paragraph (b)(1), in line
12, after the word ``sunrise'', remove the period and add, in its
place, a comma, the word ``and'', and a dash.
d. On page 16313, in the first column, add paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and
(b)(1)(ii) to read as follows:
* * * * *
(b) * * *
(1) * * *
(i) That person acted as sole manipulator of the flight controls;
and
(ii) The required takeoffs and landings were performed in an
aircraft of the
[[Page 40899]]
same category, class, and type (if a type rating is required).
* * * * *
e. On page 16313, in the first column, in paragraph (c)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the word ``Recent'' from the
paragraph heading and capitalize the word ``instrument''.
f. On page 16313, in the first column, in paragraph (c)(1)
introductory text, in line 6, remove the words ``appropriate to'' and
add, in their place, the word ``in''; in line 8, remove the words ``an
approved'' and add, in their place, the word ``a''; and, in line 9,
remove the word ``approved''.
g. On page 16313, in the first column, in paragraph (d)
introductory text, in line 4, remove the word ``recent''; in line 6,
after the word ``time'', add a comma; and, in line 8, after the word
``time'', add a comma.
h. On page 16313, in the second column, in paragraph (d)(1)(ii), in
line 1, remove the words ``In an approved'' and add, in their place,
the words ``For other than a glider, in a''; in line 2, remove the word
``approved''; and, in line 4, remove the words ``(other than a
glider)''.
i. On page 16313, in the second column, in paragraph (d)(2)(iv), in
line 1, remove the words ``instrument flight'' and add, in their place,
the word ``authorized'', and, in lines 2 through 3, remove the words
``who holds the appropriate instrument instructor rating''.
21. On page 16313, in the second column, Sec. 61.58 is corrected to
read as follows:
Sec. 61.58 Pilot-in-command proficiency check: Operation of aircraft
requiring more than one pilot flight crewmember.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, to serve as pilot
in command of an aircraft that is type certificated for more than one
required pilot flight crewmember, a person must--
(1) Within the preceding 12 calendar months, complete a pilot-in-
command proficiency check in an aircraft that is type certificated for
more than one required pilot flight crewmember; and
(2) Within the preceding 24 calendar months, complete a pilot-in-
command proficiency check in the particular type of aircraft in which
that person will serve as pilot in command.
(b) This section does not apply to persons conducting operations
under part 121, 125, 133, 135, or 137 of this chapter, or persons
maintaining continuing qualification under an Advanced Qualification
Program approved under SFAR 58.
(c) The pilot-in-command proficiency check given in accordance with
the provisions of part 121, 125, or 135 of this chapter may be used to
satisfy the requirements of this section.
(d) The pilot-in-command proficiency check required by paragraph
(a) of this section may be accomplished by satisfactory completion of
one of the following:
(1) A pilot-in-command proficiency check conducted by a person
authorized by the Administrator, consisting of the maneuvers and
procedures required for a type rating, in an aircraft type certificated
for more than one required pilot flight crewmember;
(2) The practical test required for a type rating, in an aircraft
type certificated for more than one required pilot flight crewmember;
(3) The initial or periodic practical test required for the
issuance of a pilot examiner or check airman designation, in an
aircraft type certificated for more than one required pilot flight
crewmember; or
(4) A military flight check required for a pilot in command with
instrument privileges, in an aircraft that the military requires to be
operated by more than one pilot flight crewmember.
(e) A check or test described in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(4)
of this section may be accomplished in a flight simulator under part
142 of this chapter, subject to the following:
(1) Except as provided for in paragraphs (e)(2) and (e)(3) of this
section, if an otherwise qualified and approved flight simulator used
for a pilot-in-command proficiency check is not qualified and approved
for a specific required maneuver--
(i) The training center must annotate, in the applicant's training
record, the maneuver or maneuvers omitted; and
(ii) Prior to acting as pilot in command, the pilot must
demonstrate proficiency in each omitted maneuver in an aircraft or
flight simulator qualified and approved for each omitted maneuver.
(2) If the flight simulator used pursuant to paragraph (e) of this
section is not qualified and approved for circling approaches--
(i) The applicant's record must include the statement,
``Proficiency in circling approaches not demonstrated''; and
(ii) The applicant may not perform circling approaches as pilot in
command when weather conditions are less than the basic VFR conditions
described in Sec. 91.155 of this chapter, until proficiency in circling
approaches has been successfully demonstrated in a flight simulator
qualified and approved for circling approaches or in an aircraft to a
person authorized by the Administrator to conduct the check required by
this section.
(3) If the flight simulator used pursuant to paragraph (e) of this
section is not qualified and approved for landings, the applicant
must--
(i) Hold a type rating in the airplane represented by the
simulator; and
(ii) Have completed within the preceding 90 days at least three
takeoffs and three landings (one to a full stop) as the sole
manipulator of the flight controls in the type airplane for which the
pilot-in-command proficiency check is sought.
(f) For the purpose of meeting the pilot-in-command proficiency
check requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, a person may act
as pilot in command of a flight under day VFR conditions or day IFR
conditions if no person or property is carried, other than as necessary
to demonstrate compliance with this part.
(g) If a pilot takes the pilot-in-command proficiency check
required by this section in the calendar month before or the calendar
month after the month in which it is due, the pilot is considered to
have taken it in the month in which it was due for the purpose of
computing when the next pilot-in-command proficiency check is due.
Sec. 61.63 [Corrected]
22. Sec. 61.63 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16314, in the first column, the heading for Sec. 61.63
should read as follows: ``Additional aircraft ratings (other than on an
airline transport pilot certificate).''
b. On page 16314, in the first column, in paragraph (a), in line 6,
after the word ``section'', remove the comma.
c. On page 16314, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(4), in
line 5, after the word ``sought'', remove the semicolon and add the
words ``unless the person holds a lighter-than-air category rating with
a balloon class rating and is seeking an airship class rating''.
d. On page 16314, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(5), in line
2, remove the words ``under instrument flight rules'' and add, in their
place, the words ``in actual or simulated instrument conditions''.
e. On page 16314, in the third column, in paragraph (e)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the words ``an
approved''.
f. On page 16314, in the third column, in paragraph (e)(2), in line
4, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their
[[Page 40900]]
place, the word ``a'', and, in line 5, remove the words ``an
approved''.
g. On page 16315, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(3), in line
1, remove the words ``an approved'', and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 2, remove the words ``an approved''.
h. On page 16315, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(4)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``be'', add the words ``qualified and''.
i. On page 16315, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(5)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``is'', add the words ``qualified and''.
j. On page 16315, in the second column, in paragraph (e)(10), in
line 2, remove the reference ``paragraph (e)(9)'' and add, in its
place, the reference ``paragraph (e)(9)(ii)''.
k. On page 16315, in the third column, in paragraph (f)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the words ``an
approved''.
l. On page 16315, in the third column, in paragraph (f)(2), in line
4, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 5, remove the words ``an approved''.
m. On page 16315, in the third column, in paragraph (f)(3), in line
1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 2, remove the words ``an approved''.
n. On page 16315, in the third column, in paragraph (f)(4)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``be'', add the words ``qualified and''.
o. On page 16316, in the first column, in paragraph (f)(5)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``is'', add ``qualified and''.
p. On page 16316, in the second column, in paragraph (g)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the words ``an
approved''.
q. On page 16316, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(2), in
line 2, add the letter ``s'' at the end of the word ``paragraph''; in
line 4, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a''; and, in line 5, remove the words ``an approved''.
r. On page 16316, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(3), in
line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the words ``an approved''.
s. On page 16316, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(4)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``be'', add the words ``qualified and''.
t. On page 16316, in the third column, in paragraph (g)(5)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``is'', add the words ``qualified and''.
u. On page 16317, in the first column, in paragraph (h)
introductory text, in line 1, before the word ``An'', add the following
paragraph heading: ``Aircraft not capable of instrument maneuvers and
procedures.''
v. On page 16317, in the first column, remove paragraph (i).
w. On page 16317, in the first column, redesignate paragraph (j) as
paragraph (i), and, before the word ``An'', add the following paragraph
heading for new paragraph (i): ``Multiengine, single-pilot station
airplane.''
x. On page 16317, in the first column, redesignate paragraph (k) as
paragraph (j), and, before the word ``An'', add the following paragraph
heading for new paragraph (j): ``Single-engine, single-pilot station
airplane.''
y. On page 16317, in the first column, redesignate paragraph (l) as
paragraph (k), and, before the word ``Unless'', add the following
paragraph heading for new paragraph (k): ``Waivers.''
Sec. 61.65 [Corrected]
23. Sec. 61.65 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16317, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(1), in
lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``aircraft category and class
rating that applies'' and add, in their place, the words ``airplane,
helicopter, or powered-lift rating appropriate''.
b. On page 16317, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(5), in
line 4, remove the word ``approved''; in line 5, remove the word
``approved'' and add, in its place, the word ``flight''; and, in line
6, remove the words ``that class of aircraft for'' and add, in their
place, the words ``an airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift appropriate
to''.
c. On page 16317, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(8)(i), in
lines 1 through 2, remove the words ``The aircraft category, class, and
type, if applicable,'' and add, in their place, the words ``An
airplane, helicopter, or powered-lift''.
d. On page 16317, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(8)(ii), in
line 5, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 6, before the word
``procedures'', add the words ``instrument approach''.
e. On page 16317, in the third column, in paragraph (c)
introductory text, in line 5, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 6, remove the word
``approved''.
f. On page 16318, in the first column, in paragraph (e)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the word ``approved''; in line 2,
remove the word ``approved''; in line 4, remove the words ``an
approved'' and add, in their place, the word ``a''; and, in line 5,
remove the words ``an approved''.
g. On page 16318, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(1), in line
2, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 3, remove the word
``approved''.
h. On page 16318, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(2), in line
2, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 3, remove the word
``approved''.
Sec. 61.67 [Corrected]
24. Sec. 61.67 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16318, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(2)(i), in
line 2, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place, the word ``a'';
in line 3, remove the word ``approved'' and the word ``an''; and in
line 4, remove the word ``approved''.
b. On page 16318, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(3)(ii), in
line 2, remove the word ``minimum''.
c. On page 16318, in the third column, in paragraph (c)(3)(iv), in
line 3, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place, the word ``a'';
in line 4, remove the word ``approved'' and the word ``an''; and, in
line 5, remove the word ``approved''.
d. On page 16318, in the third column, in paragraph (c)(3)(v)
introductory text, in line 5, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''.
e. On page 16318, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(2)(i)
introductory text, in line 5, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a'', and, in line 6, remove the word ``approved''.
f. On page 16319, in the first column, in paragraph (d)(2)(v), in
line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.68 [Corrected]
25. Sec. 61.68 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16319, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(2)(i), in
line 2, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place, the word ``a'';
in line 3, remove the word ``approved'' and the word ``an''; and, in
line 4, remove the word ``approved''.
b. On page 16319, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(3)(iv), in
line 4, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 5, remove the word ``approved''.
c. On page 16319, in the second column, in paragraph (c)(3)(v)
introductory text, in line 5, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''.
d. On page 16320, in the first column, in paragraph (d)(2)(i)
introductory text,
[[Page 40901]]
in line 5, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place, the word
``a'', and, in line 6, remove the word ``approved''.
e. On page 16320, in the first column, in paragraph (d)(2)(v), in
line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.69 [Corrected]
26. Sec. 61.69 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16320, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(3)
introductory text, in lines 2 through 3, after the word ``instructor'',
remove the words ``with a glider rating''.
b. On page 16320, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(4), in
line 7, after the word ``of'', add the words ``paragraphs (c) and (d)
of''.
c. On page 16320, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(6)(i), in
line 1, after the word ``actual'', add the words ``or simulated''.
Sec. 61.71 [Corrected]
27. Sec. 61.71 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16320, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1), in
lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and add, in
their place, the word ``pilot-in-command'', and, in line 5, remove the
words ``pilot in command'' and add, in their place, the word ``pilot-
in-command''.
b. On page 16320, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2), in
lines 5 through 6, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and add, in
their place, the word ``pilot-in-command''.
Sec. 61.73 [Corrected]
28. On page 16321, in the first column, correct Sec. 61.73(c)(2),
in lines 2 through 3, by adding a comma after the word ``was'', and
removing the words ``or is, within the 12 calendar months'' and adding,
in their place, the words ``before the beginning of the 12th calendar
month'', and, in line 5, remove the reference to ``paragraph (b)(3)''
and add, in its place, the reference ``paragraph (b)(3)(i) or paragraph
(b)(3)(ii)''.
29. On page 16322, in the second column, Sec. 61.77 is corrected to
read as follows:
Sec. 61.77 Special purpose pilot authorization: Operation of U.S.-
registered civil aircraft leased by a person who is not a U.S. citizen.
(a) General. The holder of a foreign pilot license issued by a
contracting State to the Convention on International Civil Aviation who
meets the requirements of this section may be issued a special purpose
pilot authorization by the Administrator for the purpose of performing
pilot duties.
(1) On a civil aircraft of U.S. registry that is leased to a person
who is not a citizen of the United States, and
(2) For carrying persons or property for compensation or hire on
that aircraft.
(b) Eligibility. To be eligible for the issuance or renewal of a
special purpose pilot authorization, an applicant must present the
following to an FAA Flight Standards District Office:
(1) A current foreign pilot license that has been issued by the
aeronautical authority of a contracting State to the Convention on
International Civil Aviation from which the person holds citizenship or
resident status and that contains the appropriate aircraft category,
class, instrument rating, and type rating, if appropriate, for the
aircraft to be flown;
(2) A current certification by the lessee of the aircraft--
(i) Stating that the applicant is employed by the lessee;
(ii) Specifying the aircraft type on which the applicant will
perform pilot duties; and
(iii) Stating that the applicant has received ground and flight
instruction that qualifies the applicant to perform the duties to be
assigned on the aircraft.
(3) Documentation showing when the applicant will reach the age of
60 years (an official copy of the applicant's birth certificate or
other official documentation);
(4) Documentation that the applicant meets the medical standards
for the issuance of the foreign pilot license from the aeronautical
authority of the contracting State to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation where the applicant holds citizenship or resident
status;
(5) Documentation that the applicant meets the recent flight
experience requirements of this part (a logbook or flight record); and
(6) A statement that the applicant does not already hold a special
purpose pilot authorization; however, if the applicant already holds a
special purpose pilot authorization, then that special purpose pilot
authorization must be surrendered to either the FAA Flight Standards
District Office that issued it, or the FAA Flight Standards District
Office processing the application for the authorization, prior to being
issued another special purpose pilot authorization.
(c) Privileges. A person issued a special purpose pilot
authorization under this section--
(1) May exercise the privileges prescribed on the special purpose
pilot authorization; and
(2) Must comply with the limitations specified in this section and
any additional limitations specified on the special purpose pilot
authorization.
(d) General limitations. A special purpose pilot authorization is
valid only--
(1) For flights between foreign countries or for flights in foreign
air commerce within the time period allotted on the authorization;
(2) If the foreign pilot license required by paragraph (b)(1) of
this section, the medical documentation required by paragraph (b)(4) of
this section, and the special purpose pilot authorization issued under
this section are in the holder's physical possession or immediately
accessible in the aircraft;
(3) While the holder is employed by the person to whom the aircraft
described in the certification required by paragraph (b)(2) of this
section is leased;
(4) While the holder is performing pilot duties on the U.S.-
registered aircraft described in the certification required by
paragraph (b)(2) of this section; and
(5) If the holder has only one special purpose pilot authorization
as provided in paragraph (b)(6) of this section.
(e) Age limitation. Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this
section, no person who holds a special purpose pilot authorization
issued under this part, and no person who holds a special purpose pilot
certificate issued under this part before August 4, 1997, shall serve
as a pilot on a civil airplane of U.S. registry if the person has
reached his or her 60th birthday, in the following operations:
(1) Scheduled international air services carrying passengers in
turbojet-powered airplanes;
(2) Scheduled international air services carrying passengers in
airplanes having a passenger-seat configuration of more than nine
passenger seats, excluding each crewmember seat;
(3) Nonscheduled international air transportation for compensation
or hire in airplanes having a passenger-seat configuration of more than
30 passenger seats, excluding each crewmember seat; or
(4) Scheduled international air services, or nonscheduled
international air transportation for compensation or hire, in airplanes
having a payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds.
(f) Definitions. (1) International air service, as used in
paragraph (e) of this section, means scheduled air service performed in
airplanes for the public transport of passengers, mail, or cargo, in
which the service passes through the air space over the territory of
more than one country.
[[Page 40902]]
(2) International air transportation, as used in paragraph (e) of
this section, means air transportation performed in airplanes for the
public transport of passengers, mail, or cargo, in which service passes
through the air space over the territory of more than one country.
(g) Delayed pilot age limitations for certain operations. Until
December 20, 1999, a person may serve as a pilot in the operations
specified in paragraph (e) of this section after that person has
reached his or her 60th birthday, if, on March 20, 1997, that person
was employed as a pilot in any of the following operations:
(1) Scheduled international air services carrying passengers in
nontransport category turbopropeller-powered airplanes type
certificated after December 31, 1964, that have a passenger-seat
configuration of 10 to 19 seats;
(2) Scheduled international air services carrying passengers in
transport category turbopropeller-powered airplanes that have a
passenger-seat configuration of 20 to 30 seats; or
(3) Scheduled international air services carrying passengers in
turbojet-powered airplanes having a passenger-seat configuration of 1
to 30 seats.
(h) Expiration date. Each special purpose pilot authorization
issued under this section expires--
(1) 60 calendar months from the month it was issued, unless sooner
suspended or revoked;
(2) When the lease agreement for the aircraft expires or the lessee
terminates the employment of the person who holds the special purpose
pilot authorization;
(3) Whenever the person's foreign pilot license has been suspended,
revoked, or is no longer valid; or
(4) When the person no longer meets the medical standards for the
issuance of the foreign pilot license.
(i) Renewal. A person exercising the privileges of a special
purpose pilot authorization may apply for a 60-calendar-month extension
of that authorization, provided the person--
(1) Continues to meet the requirements of this section; and
(2) Surrenders the expired special purpose pilot authorization upon
receipt of the new authorization.
(j) Surrender. The holder of a special purpose pilot authorization
must surrender the authorization to the Administrator within 7 days
after the date the authorization terminates.
Sec. 61.87 [Corrected]
30. Sec. 61.87 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16323, in the second column, in paragraph (a), in line
9, remove the words ``acts as'' and add, in their place, the words
``performs the functions of'', and, in line 11, before the word
``flight'', add the word ``pilot''.
b. On page 16324, in the third column, in paragraph (i)(4), in line
2, after the word ``directions'', add a comma and the words ``if
applicable''.
c. On page 16324, in the third column, in paragraph (i)(10), after
the word ``maneuvers'', add a comma and the words ``if applicable''.
d. On page 16324, in the third column, in paragraph (i)(11), in
line 3, after the word ``procedures'', add a comma and the word ``if
applicable''.
e. On page 16325, in the second column, in paragraph (m)(2), in
line 3, after the semicolon, add the word ``and''.
f. On page 16325, in the second column, remove paragraph (m)(3) and
redesignate paragraph (m)(4) as paragraph (m)(3).
Sec. 61.93 [Corrected]
31. Sec. 61.93 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16325, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2)(iv), in
line 2, before the word ``instructor's'', add the word ``authorized''.
b. On page 16326, in the first column, in paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), in
line 1, before the word ``instructor'', add the word ``authorized''.
c. On page 16326, in the first column, in paragraph (b)(1)(iv), in
line 1, before the word ``instructor'', add the word ``authorized''.
d. On page 16326, in the first column, in paragraph (b)(2)(ii), in
line 1, before the word ``instructor'', add the word ``authorized''.
e. On page 16326, in the second column, remove paragraph
(c)(2)(ii).
f. On page 16326, in the second column, redesignate paragraph
(c)(2)(iii) as paragraph (c)(2)(ii), and in new paragraph
(c)(2)(ii)(C), in line 2, before the word ``instructor'', add the word
``authorized''.
Sec. 61.95 [Corrected]
32. On page 16328, in the first column, correct Sec. 61.95(a)(2),
in line 2, by adding the word ``authorized'' before the word
``instructor''.
Sec. 61.96 [Corrected]
33. On page 16328, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.96(b)(6),
in line 4, by adding the words ``before applying for the practical
test'' after the word ``sought''.
Sec. 61.97 [Corrected]
34. On page 16328, in the third column, correct Sec. 61.97(b)(3),
in line 3, by removing the acronym ``ACs'' and adding, in its place,
the words ``advisory circulars''.
Sec. 61.98 [Corrected]
35. On page 16328, in the third column, correct Sec. 61.98(a), in
line 2, by removing the word ``have'', and, in line 3, by removing the
words ``received and logged'', and adding, in their place, the words
``receive and log''.
Sec. 61.105 [Corrected]
36. On page 16330, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.105(b)(3),
in line 3, by removing the acronym ``ACs'' and adding, in its place,
the words ``advisory circulars''.
Sec. 61.109 [Corrected]
37. On page 16331, in the second column, Sec. 61.109 is corrected
to read as follows:
Sec. 61.109 Aeronautical experience.
(a) For an airplane single-engine rating. Except as provided in
paragraph (i) of this section, a person who applies for a private pilot
certificate with an airplane category and single-engine class rating
must log at least 40 hours of flight time that includes at least 20
hours of flight training from an authorized instructor and 10 hours of
solo flight training in the areas of operation listed in
Sec. 61.107(b)(1) of this part, and the training must include at
least--
(1) 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a single-engine
airplane;
(2) Except as provided in Sec. 61.110 of this part, 3 hours of
night flight training in a single-engine airplane that includes--
(i) One cross-country flight of over 100 nautical miles total
distance; and
(ii) 10 takeoffs and 10 landings to a full stop (with each landing
involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.
(3) 3 hours of flight training in a single-engine airplane on the
control and maneuvering of an airplane solely by reference to
instruments, including straight and level flight, constant airspeed
climbs and descents, turns to a heading, recovery from unusual flight
attitudes, radio communications, and the use of navigation systems/
facilities and radar services appropriate to instrument flight;
(4) 3 hours of flight training in preparation for the practical
test in a single-engine airplane, which must have been performed within
60 days preceding the date of the test; and
(5) 10 hours of solo flight time in a single-engine airplane,
consisting of at least--
(i) 5 hours of solo cross-country time;
(ii) One solo cross-country flight of at least 150 nautical miles
total distance,
[[Page 40903]]
with full-stop landings at a minimum of three points, and one segment
of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of at least 50
nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations; and
(iii) Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop (with each
landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with
an operating control tower.
(b) For an airplane multiengine rating. Except as provided in
paragraph (i) of this section, a person who applies for a private pilot
certificate with an airplane category and multiengine class rating must
log at least 40 hours of flight time that includes at least 20 hours of
flight training from an authorized instructor and 10 hours of solo
flight training in the areas of operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(2)
of this part, and the training must include at least--
(1) 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a multiengine
airplane;
(2) Except as provided in Sec. 61.110 of this part, 3 hours of
night flight training in a multiengine airplane that includes--
(i) One cross-country flight of over 100 nautical miles total
distance; and
(ii) 10 takeoffs and 10 landings to a full stop (with each landing
involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.
(3) 3 hours of flight training in a multiengine airplane on the
control and maneuvering of an airplane solely by reference to
instruments, including straight and level flight, constant airspeed
climbs and descents, turns to a heading, recovery from unusual flight
attitudes, radio communications, and the use of navigation systems/
facilities and radar services appropriate to instrument flight;
(4) 3 hours of flight training in preparation for the practical
test in a multiengine airplane, which must have been performed within
the 60-day period preceding the date of the test; and
(5) 10 hours of solo flight time in an airplane consisting of at
least--
(i) 5 hours of solo cross-country time;
(ii) One solo cross-country flight of at least 150 nautical miles
total distance, with full-stop landings at a minimum of three points,
and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of
at least 50 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations;
and
(iii) Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop (with each
landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with
an operating control tower.
(c) For a helicopter rating. Except as provided in paragraph (i) of
this section, a person who applies for a private pilot certificate with
rotorcraft category and helicopter class rating must log at least 40
hours of flight time that includes at least 20 hours of flight training
from an authorized instructor and 10 hours of solo flight training in
the areas of operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(3) of this part, and
the training must include at least--
(1) 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a helicopter;
(2) Except as provided in Sec. 61.110 of this part, 3 hours of
night flight training in a helicopter that includes--
(i) One cross-country flight of over 50 nautical miles total
distance; and
(ii) 10 takeoffs and 10 landings to a full stop (with each landing
involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.
(3) 3 hours of flight training in preparation for the practical
test in a helicopter, which must have been performed within 60 days
preceding the date of the test; and
(4) 10 hours of solo flight time in a helicopter, consisting of at
least--
(i) 3 hours cross-country time;
(ii) One solo cross-country flight of at least 75 nautical miles
total distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, and one
segment of the flight being a straight-line distance of at least 25
nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations; and
(iii) Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop (with each
landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with
an operating control tower.
(d) For a gyroplane rating. Except as provided in paragraph (i) of
this section, a person who applies for a private pilot certificate with
rotorcraft category and gyroplane class rating must log at least 40
hours of flight time that includes at least 20 hours of flight training
from an authorized instructor and 10 hours of solo flight training in
the areas of operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(4) of this part, and
the training must include at least--
(1) 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a gyroplane;
(2) Except as provided in Sec. 61.110 of this part, 3 hours of
night flight training in a gyroplane that includes--
(i) One cross-country flight of over 50 nautical miles total
distance; and
(ii) 10 takeoffs and 10 landings to a full stop (with each landing
involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.
(3) 3 hours of flight training in preparation for the practical
test in a gyroplane, which must have been performed within the 60-day
period preceding the date of the test; and
(4) 10 hours of solo flight time in a gyroplane, consisting of at
least--
(i) 3 hours of cross-country time;
(ii) One solo cross-country flight of over 75 nautical miles total
distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, and one segment
of the flight being a straight-line distance of at least 25 nautical
miles between the takeoff and landing locations; and
(iii) Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop (with each
landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with
an operating control tower.
(e) For a powered-lift rating. Except as provided in paragraph (i)
of this section, a person who applies for a private pilot certificate
with a powered-lift category rating must log at least 40 hours of
flight time that includes at least 20 hours of flight training from an
authorized instructor and 10 hours of solo flight training in the areas
of operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(5) of this part, and the training
must include at least--
(1) 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a powered-lift;
(2) Except as provided in Sec. 61.110 of this part, 3 hours of
night flight training in a powered-lift that includes--
(i) One cross-country flight of over 100 nautical miles total
distance; and
(ii) 10 takeoffs and 10 landings to a full stop (with each landing
involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.
(3) 3 hours of flight training in a powered-lift on the control and
maneuvering of a powered-lift solely by reference to instruments,
including straight and level flight, constant airspeed climbs and
descents, turns to a heading, recovery from unusual flight attitudes,
radio communications, and the use of navigation systems/facilities and
radar services appropriate to instrument flight;
(4) 3 hours of flight training in preparation for the practical
test in a powered-lift, which must have been performed within the 60-
day period preceding the date of the test; and
(5) 10 hours of solo flight time in an airplane or powered-lift
consisting of at least--
(i) 5 hours cross-country time;
(ii) One cross-country flight of at least 150 nautical miles total
distance, with landings at a minimum of three points, and one segment
of the flight being a straight-line distance of at least 50 nautical
miles between the takeoff and landing locations; and
(iii) Three takeoffs and three landings to a full stop (with each
landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport with
an operating control tower.
(f) For a glider category rating. (1) If the applicant for a
private pilot certificate with a glider category rating
[[Page 40904]]
has not logged at least 40 hours of flight time as a pilot in a
heavier-than-air aircraft, the applicant must log at least 10 hours of
flight training in a glider including 20 training flights performed on
the areas of operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(6) of this part that
include:
(i) 2 hours of solo flight in gliders in the areas of operation
listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(6) of this part , with not less than 10
launches and landings being performed; and
(ii) Three training flights in a glider in preparation for the
practical test within the 60-day period preceding the practical test.
(2) If the applicant has logged at least 40 hours of flight time in
heavier-than-air aircraft, the applicant must log at least 3 hours of
flight training in a glider including 10 training flights performed on
the areas of operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(6) of this part that
include:
(i) 10 solo flights in gliders in the areas of operation listed in
Sec. 61.107(b)(6) of this part; and
(ii) Three training flights in preparation for the practical test
within the 60-day waiting period preceding the test.
(g) For an airship rating. A person who applies for a private pilot
certificate with a lighter-than-air category and airship class rating
must log at least:
(1) 25 hours of flight training in airships on the areas of
operation listed in Sec. 61.107(b)(7) of this part, which consists of
at least:
(i) 3 hours of cross-country flight training in an airship;
(ii) Except as provided in Sec. 61.110 of this part, 3 hours of
night flight training in an airship that includes:
(A) A cross-country flight of over 25 nautical miles total
distance; and
(B) Five takeoffs and five landings to a full stop (with each
landing involving a flight in the traffic pattern) at an airport.
(2) 3 hours of instrument training;
(3) 3 hours of flight training in an airship in preparation for the
practical test within the 60 days preceding the date of the test; and
(4) 5 hours of solo flight in an airship and with an authorized
instructor.
(h) For a balloon rating. A person who applies for a private pilot
certificate with a lighter-than-air category and balloon class rating
must log at least 10 hours of flight training that includes at least
six training flights in the areas of operation listed in
Sec. 61.107(b)(8) of this part, that includes--
(1) Gas balloon. If the training is being performed in a gas
balloon, at least two flights of 2 hours each that consists of--
(i) At least one training flight within 60 days prior to
application for the rating on the areas of operation for a gas balloon;
(ii) At least one flight performing the functions of pilot in
command in a gas balloon; and
(iii) At least one flight involving a controlled ascent to 3,000
feet above the launch site.
(2) Balloon with an airborne heater. If the training is being
performed in a balloon with an airborne heater, at least--
(i) Two flights of 1 hour each within 60 days prior to application
for the rating on the areas of operation appropriate to a balloon with
an airborne heater;
(ii) One solo flight in a balloon with an airborne heater; and
(iii) At least one flight involving a controlled ascent to 2,000
feet above the launch site.
(i) Permitted credit for use of a flight simulator or flight
training device. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (i)(2) of this
section, a maximum of 2.5 hours of training in a flight simulator or
flight training device representing the category, class, and type, if
applicable, of aircraft appropriate to the rating sought, may be
credited toward the flight training time required by this section, if
received from an authorized instructor.
(2) A maximum of 5 hours of training in a flight simulator or
flight training device representing the category, class, and type, if
applicable, of aircraft appropriate to the rating sought, may be
credited toward the flight training time required by this section if
the training is accomplished in a course conducted by a training center
certificated under part 142 of this chapter.
(3) Except when fewer hours are approved by the Administrator, an
applicant for a private pilot certificate with an airplane, rotorcraft,
or powered-lift rating, who has satisfactorily completed an approved
private pilot course conducted by a training center certificated under
part 142 of this chapter, need only have a total of 35 hours of
aeronautical experience to meet the requirements of this section.
Sec. 61.110 [Corrected]
38. Sec. 61.110 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16332, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1), in line
3, transpose the comma and the quotation mark.
b. On page 16332, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2)
introductory text, in line 6, remove the words ``be suspended'' and
add, in their place, the words ``become invalid for use''.
Sec. 61.111 [Corrected]
39. On page 16333, in the first column, correct Sec. 61.111(c), in
line 15 through 16, by removing the words ``paragraph (a) or''.
Sec. 61.117 [Corrected]
40. On page 16333, in the third column, correct Sec. 61.117, in
line 8, by removing the comma after the word ``passengers''.
Sec. 61.129 [Corrected]
41. Sec. 61.129 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16335, in the first column, in paragraph (a)
introductory text, in lines 7 through 12, remove the words ``(of which
50 hours may have been accomplished in an approved flight simulator or
approved flight training device that is representative of a single-
engine airplane)''.
b. On page 16335, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(2)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and
add, in their place, the word ``pilot-in-command''.
c. On page 16335, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(2)(ii), in
line 1, after the word ``flight'', add the words ``of which at least 10
hours must be''.
d. On page 16335, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(3)(ii), in
line 4, after the word ``turbine-powered'', add a comma and the words
``or for an applicant seeking a single-engine seaplane rating, 10 hours
of training in a seaplane that has flaps and a controllable pitch
propeller''.
e. On page 16335, in the second column, in paragraph (b)
introductory text, in line 2, remove the word ``A'' and add, in its
place, the words ``Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section,
a'', and, in lines 6 through 10, remove the words ``(of which 50 hours
may have been accomplished in an approved flight simulator or approved
flight training device that is representative of a multiengine
airplane)''.
f. On page 16335, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(2)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and
add, in their place, the word ``pilot-in-command''.
g. On page 16335, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(2)(ii), in
line 1, after the word ``flight'', add the words ``of which at least 10
hours must be''.
h. On page 16335, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(3)(ii), in
line 5, after the word ``turbine-powered'', add a comma and the words
``or for an applicant seeking a multiengine seaplane rating, 10 hours
of training in a multiengine seaplane that has flaps and a controllable
pitch propeller''.
i. On page 16335, in the third column, in paragraph (c)
introductory text, in
[[Page 40905]]
line 1, remove the word ``A'' and add, in its place, the words ``Except
as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, a'', and, in lines 5
through 10, remove the words ``(of which 25 hours may have been
accomplished in an approved flight simulator or approved flight
training device that is representative of a helicopter)''.
j. On page 16335, in the third column, in paragraph (c)(2), in line
1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and add, in their place, the
word ``pilot-in-command''.
k. On page 16335, in the third column, in paragraph (d)
introductory text, in line 7, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 8, remove the word
``approved''.
l. On page 16335, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(2)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and
add, in their place, the word ``pilot-in-command''.
m. On page 16336, in the first column, in paragraph (e)
introductory text, in line 1, after the period, remove the word ``A''
and add, in its place, the words ``Except as provided in paragraph (i)
of this section, a'', and, in lines 5 through 9, remove the words ``(of
which 50 hours may have been accomplished in an approved flight
simulator or approved flight training device that is representative of
a powered-lift)''.
n. On page 16336, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(2)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and
add, in their place, the work ``pilot-in-command''.
o. On page 16336, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(2)(ii), in
line 1, after the word ``flight'', add the words ``of which 10 hours
must be''.
p. On page 16336, in the first column, in paragraph (e)(3)(iii), in
line 2, before the comma, add the words ``in night VFR conditions''.
q. On page 16336, in the second column, in paragraph (f)(1)
introductory text, in line 3, remove the semicolon.
r. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a'', and, in line 2, before the word ``flight'',
remove the word ``approved'' and, after the word ``or'', remove the
word ``approved''.
s. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(1)
introductory text, in line 2, remove the reference ``paragraph (i)(3)''
and add, in its place, the reference ``paragraph (i)(2)''.
t. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(1)(i), in
line 6, after the word ``in'', remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a''; in line 7, remove the word ``approved'' and the
word ``an''; and, in line 8, remove the word ``approved''.
u. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(1)(ii), in
line 6, after the word ``in'', remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a''; in line 7, remove the word ``approved'' and the
word ``an''; and, in line 8, remove the word ``approved''.
v. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(2)
introductory text, in lines 1 through 2, remove the words ``Except as
provided in paragraph (i)(3) of this section,'' and capitalize the word
``an''.
w. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(2)(i), in
line 7, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 8, remove the words ``an approved''.
x. On page 16337, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(2)(ii), in
line 6, after the word ``in'', remove the word ``an'' and add, in its
place, the word ``a''; in line 7, remove the word ``approved'' and the
word ``an''; and in line 8, remove the word ``approved''.
y. On page 16337, in the second column, in paragraph (i)(3)
introductory text, in line 4, remove the commas and the word
``helicopter''; in line 9, remove the word ``the''; in line 10, remove
the word ``following'' and add, in its place, the words ``190 hours
of''; in line 11, remove the words ``aeronautical experience''; and, in
line 12, remove the colon and add, in its place, a period.
z. On page 16337, in the second column, remove paragraphs (i)(3)(i)
and (ii).
Sec. 61.131 [Corrected]
42. On page 16337, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.131(b)(2)
introductory text, in line 6, by removing the words ``be suspended''
and adding, in their place, the words ``become invalid for use''.
Sec. 61.133 [Corrected]
43. Sec. 61.133 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16337, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2)(i)(B),
in line 1, remove the word ``on'' and add, in its place, the word
``for'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``for'' and add, in its place,
the word ``with'', and, after the word ``airship'', add the word
``rating''.
b. On page 16337, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2)(i)(C),
in line 3, remove the word ``and''.
c. On page 16337, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2)(i)(D),
in line 4, remove the period and add, in its place, a semicolon and the
word ``and''.
d. On page 16337, in the third column, add paragraph (a)(2)(i)(E)
to read as follows:
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(i) * * *
(E) Give flight and ground training and endorsements that are
required for a flight review, an operating privilege, or recency-of-
experience requirements of this part.
* * * * *
e. On page 16337, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(B),
in line 1, remove the word ``on'' and add, in its place, the word
``for''; and, in line 2, remove the word ``for'' and add, in its place,
the word ``with''; after the word ``balloon'', add the word ``rating'';
and after the semicolon, remove the word ``and''.
f. On page 16337, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(C),
in line 3, remove the period and add, in its place, a semicolon and the
word ``and''.
g. On page 16337, in the third column, add paragraph (a)(2)(ii)(D)
to read as follows:
(a) * * *
(2) * * *
(ii) * * *
(D) Give ground and flight training and endorsements that are
required for a flight review, an operating privilege, or recency-of-
experience requirements of this part.
* * * * *
Sec. 61.153 [Corrected]
44. On page 16338, in the first column, correct Sec. 61.153(d)(3),
in line 3, by adding a comma after the word ``rating'' and removing the
word ``if'', and, in lines 4 through 6, by removing the words ``the
person holds a pilot license'' and adding, in their place, the words
``without limitations,''.
Sec. 61.157 [Corrected]
45. Sec. 61.157 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16338, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(3), in line
2, remove the words ``under instrument flight rules'' and add, in their
place, the words ``in actual or simulated instrument conditions''.
b. On page 16338, in the third column, in paragraph (c), in line 1,
before the word ``A'', add the paragraph heading ``Exceptions.'', and,
in line 13, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and add, in their
place, the word ``pilot-in-command''.
c. On page 16339, in the first column, in paragraph (d), in line 1,
before the word ``Any'', add the paragraph heading ``Upgrading type
ratings.''
d. On page 16339, in the second column, in paragraph (f)(1), in
line 2, before the words ``proficiency check'', add the word ``pilot-
in-command''.
e. On page 16339, in the second column, in paragraph (g)
introductory
[[Page 40906]]
text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their
place, the word ``a''; in line 2, remove the word ``approved''; in line
3, after the word ``If'', remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place,
the word ``a''; in line 4, before the word ``flight'', remove the word
``approved'', and, after the word ``or'', remove the word ``approved'';
in line 10, remove the word ``approved''; and, in line 11, remove the
word ``approved''.
f. On page 16339, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(1), in
line 1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
g. On page 16339, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(2), in
line 1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
h. On page 16339, in the second column, in paragraph (g)(3)(i), in
line 2, before the word ``approved'', add the words ``qualified and''.
i. On page 16339, in the third column, in paragraph (g)(4)(i), in
line 1, before the word ``approved'', add the words ``qualified and''.
j. On page 16340, in the first column, in paragraph (h)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''; in line 2, remove the words ``an
approved''; in line 3, remove the word ``an'' and add, in its place,
the word ``a''; in line 4, before the word ``flight'', remove the word
``approved'', and, after the word ``or'', remove the word ``approved'';
in line 10, remove the word ``approved''; and, in line 11, remove the
word ``approved''.
k. On page 16340, in the second column, in paragraph (h)(1), in
line 1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
l. On page 16340, in the second column, in paragraph (h)(2), in
line 1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
m. On page 16340, in the second column, in paragraph (h)(3)(i), in
line 2, before the word ``approved'', add the words ``qualified and''.
n. On page 16340, in the second column, in paragraph (h)(4)(i), in
line 1, before the word ``approved'', add the words ``qualified and''.
o. On page 16341, in the first column, in paragraph (i)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a''; in line 2, remove the word
``approved''; in line 3, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in
their place, the word ``a''; in line 4, remove the word ``approved'';
in line 10, remove the word ``approved''; and, in line 11, remove the
word ``approved''.
p. On page 16341, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(1), in line
1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
q. On page 16341, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(2), in line
1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
r. On page 16341, in the first column, in paragraph (i)(3)(i), in
line 2, before the word ``approved'', add the words ``qualified and''.
s. On page 16341, in the second column, in paragraph (i)(4)(i), in
line 1, before the word ``approved'', add the words ``qualified and''.
Sec. 61.159 [Corrected]
46. Sec. 61.159 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16341, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(3)(i), in
line 5, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 6, remove the word ``approved''.
b. On page 16341, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(3)(ii), in
line 2, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 3, remove the word ``approved''.
c. On page 16342, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(3)(iii), in
line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
d. On page 16342, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(5), in line
4, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 5, remove the word ``approved''.
e. On page 16342, in the first column, in paragraph (c)(1)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``second in command''
and add, in their place, the word ``Second-in-command''.
f. On page 16342, in the first column, in paragraph (c)(1)(i), in
line 2, after the word ``pilot'', add the words ``flight crewmember''.
g. On page 16342, in the first column, in paragraph (c)(1)(iii), in
line 3, after the word ``pilot'', add the words ``flight crewmember''.
h. On page 16342, in the second column, in paragraph (d)(1), in
line 1, remove the words ``second in command'' and add, in their place,
the word ``second-in-command''.
i. On page 16342, in the second column, in paragraph (d)(2), in
line 4, remove the words ``second in command'' and add, in their place,
the word ``second-in-command''.
Sec. 61.161 [Corrected]
47. Sec. 61.161 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16342, in the second column, in paragraph (b)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the words ``an approved'' and add,
in their place, the word ``a'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
b. On page 16342, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1), in line
3, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 4, remove the word ``approved''.
c. On page 16342, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2), in line
5, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 6, remove the word ``approved''.
d. On page 16342, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(3), in line
2, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 3, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.163 [Corrected]
48. Sec. 61.163 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16342, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(4)(i), in
line 5, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 6, remove the word ``approved''.
b. On page 16342, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(4)(ii), in
line 2, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 3, remove the word ``approved''.
c. On page 16342, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(4)(iii), in
line 3, remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the
word ``a'', and, in line 4, remove the word ``approved''.
d. On page 16343, in the first column, in paragraph (b), in line 4,
remove the words ``an approved'' and add, in their place, the word
``a'', and, in line 5, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.165 [Corrected]
49. Sec. 61.165 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16343, in the first column, in paragraph (b)
introductory text, in line 7, remove the words ``or class''.
b. On page 16343, in the first column, in paragraph (c)
introductory text, in line 7, remove the words ``or class''.
c. On page 16343, in the second column, after paragraph (d)(5), add
paragraph (e) to read as follows:
* * * * *
(e) Additional class rating within the same aircraft category. A
person applying for an airline transport certificate with an additional
class rating who holds an airline transport certificate in the same
aircraft category must--
(1) Meet the eligibility requirements of Sec. 61.153, except
paragraph (f) of that section;
(2) Comply with the requirements in Sec. 61.157(b) of this part, if
applicable;
(3) Meet the applicable aeronautical experience requirements of
subpart G of this part; and
[[Page 40907]]
(4) Pass a practical test on the areas of operation of
Sec. 61.157(e) appropriate to the aircraft rating sought.
Sec. 61.167 [Corrected]
50. Sec. 61.167 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16343, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(2), in
line 1, remove the word ``approved'', and, in line 2, remove the word
``approved''.
b. On page 16343, in the second column, in paragraph (c)
introductory text, in line 3, remove the word ``approved'', and, in
line 4, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.161-69.171 [Corrected]
51. On page 16343, in the third column, ``Sec. 61.161-Sec. 69.171
[Reserved]'' is corrected to read ``Sec. 61.169-Sec. 61.171
[Reserved]''.
Sec. 61.183 [Corrected]
52. Sec. 61.183 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16343, in the third column, in paragraph (c)(2)
introductory text, in lines 1 through 2, remove the comma and words
``if the person holds a commercial'' and add, in their place, the words
``or privileges on that person's'', and, in line 3, remove the word
``is'' and add, in its place, the word ``are''.
b. On page 16343, in the third column, in paragraph (e)
introductory text, remove the reference ``Sec. 61.185(a)'' and add, in
its place, the reference ``Sec. 61.185(a)(1)''.
c. On page 16344, in the first column, in paragraph (h)(2), in line
1, remove the word ``Approved'', capitalize the word ``flight'', and,
in line 2, remove the word ``approved''.
Sec. 61.185 [Corrected]
53. On page 16344, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.185(b)
introductory text, in line 2, by removing the reference ``paragraph
(a)'' and adding, in its place, the reference ``paragraph (a)(1)''.
Sec. 61.187 [Corrected]
54. On page 16345, in the first column, correct Sec. 61.187(c)(2),
in line 1, by removing the words ``an approved'' and adding, in their
place, the word ``a'', and, in line 2, by removing the word
``approved''.
Sec. 61.191 [Corrected]
55. On page 16345, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.191(b), in
line 5, by removing the reference ``Sec. 61.185(a)'' and adding, in its
place, the reference ``Sec. 61.185(a)(1)''.
Sec. 61.193 [Corrected]
56. On page 16345, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.193
introductory text, in line 4, by removing the comma and the word
``and''; in line 5, by removing the words ``that person's pilot
certificate and''; and, in line 6, by removing the word ``ratings'' and
the comma.
Sec. 61.195 [Corrected]
57. On page 16346, in the second column, correct Sec. 61.195(j), in
line 1, before the word ``A'', by adding the paragraph heading
``Additional qualifications required to give training in Category II or
Category III operations.''
Sec. 61.197 [Corrected]
58. On page 16346, in the third column, correct Sec. 61.197(c), in
line 3, by removing the words ``an approved'' and adding, in their
place, the word ``a'', and, in line 4, by removing the word
``approved''.
Sec. 61.217 [Corrected]
59. Sec. 61.217 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16347, in the second column, the heading for Sec. 61.217
should read as follows: ``Recent experience requirements.''
b. On page 16347, in the second column, paragraph (b) should read
as follows:
* * * * *
(b) The person has received an endorsement from an authorized
ground or flight instructor certifying that the person has demonstrated
satisfactory proficiency in the subject areas prescribed in Sec. 61.213
(a)(3) and (a)(4), as applicable.
PART 141--PILOT SCHOOLS
Sec. 141.5 [Corrected]
60. On page 16348, in the first column, correct Sec. 141.5(d), in
line 11, by removing the word ``of'' and adding, in its place, the word
``to''.
Sec. 141.31 [Corrected]
61. Sec. 141.31 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16349, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(1), in
lines 2 through 3, after the word ``months'', remove the words ``at the
time of'' and add, in their place, the words ``after the date the'',
and, in line 5, after the word ``certificate'', add the words ``is
made''.
b. On page 16349, in the third column, in paragraph (b)(2), in line
3, after the word ``months'', remove the words ``at the time of'' and
add, in their place, the words ``after the date the'', and, in line 5,
after the word ``certificate'', add the words ``is made''.
Sec. 141.33 [Corrected]
62. Sec. 141.33 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16349, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2), in line
3, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the word ``must''.
b. On page 16349, in the third column, in paragraph (b), in line 3,
remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its place, the word ``must''.
Sec. 141.35 [Corrected]
63. Sec. 141.35 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16350, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(1), in line
8, after the word ``category'', remove the comma and add, in its place,
the word ``and'', and, after the word ``class'', remove the comma and
the words ``and instrument''; and, in line 10, after the word
``course'', add the words ``and an instrument rating, if an instrument
rating is required for enrollment in the course of training''.
b. On page 16350, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(2), in line
1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and add, in their place, the
word ``pilot-in-command''. On page 16350, in the first column, in
paragraph (a)(5), in line 5, after the semicolon add the word ``and''.
c. On page 16350, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(6), in line
2, after the word ``gliders'', add a comma; before the word
``balloons'', remove the word ``or''; and, before the word ``is'', add
the words ``or airships''; and, in line 5, after the word ``section'',
remove the semicolon and the word ``and'' and add, in their place, a
period.
d. On page 16350, in the first column, remove paragraph (a)(7).
Sec. 141.36 [Corrected]
64. Sec. 141.36 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16350, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(1), in
line 4, after the word ``training'', add the word ``solely'', and, in
line 8, after the word ``ratings'', add the words ``if an instrument
rating is required by the course of training''.
b. On page 16350, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(2), in line
1, remove the words ``pilot in command'' and add, in their place, the
word ``pilot-in-command''.
c. On page 16350, in the third column, in paragraph (a)(5), in line
7, remove the paragraph designation ``(c)'' and add, in its place, the
paragraph designation ``(d)''.
Sec. 141.37 [Corrected]
65. On page 16351, in the first column, correct
Sec. 141.37(a)(2)(iii), in line 1, by removing the words ``pilot in
command'' and adding, in their place, the word ``pilot-in-command''.
Sec. 141.38 [Corrected]
66. Sec. 141.38 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16351, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(2), in
line 1,
[[Page 40908]]
after the word ``temperatures'', add the words ``in the operating
area'', and, in line 3, after the word ``year'', remove the words ``in
the operating area''.
b. On page 16351, in the second column, in paragraph (e), in line
4, after the semicolon, remove the word ``and''.
Sec. 141.39 [Corrected]
67. On page 16351, in the third column, correct Sec. 141.39
introductory text, in lines 3 through 4, by removing the words ``and
each pilot school or provisional pilot school,''.
Sec. 141.41 [Corrected]
68. On page 16351, in the third column, correct Sec. 141.41(a)(4),
in line 2, by removing the words ``45 degree'' and adding, in their
place, the word ``45-degree'', and, in line 3, by removing the words
``30 degree'' and adding, in their place, the word ``30-degree''.
Sec. 141.53 [Corrected]
69. On page 16352, in the second column, correct Sec. 141.53(c)(1),
in line 3, by removing the word ``shall'' and adding, in its place, the
word ``may''.
Sec. 141.63 [Corrected]
70. Sec. 141.63 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16353, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(5)
introductory text, in line 1, remove the word ``after'' and add, in its
place, the word ``before''.
b. On page 16353, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(3), in
line 2, after the word ``which'', add the word ``continued''.
c. On page 16353, in the second column, in paragraph (b)(4), in
line 1, after the word ``which'', add the word ``continued''.
Sec. 141.67 [Corrected]
71. On page 16353, in the third column, correct Sec. 141.67(d)(2),
in line 1, by removing the word ``a'' before the words ``FAA Flight
Standards District Office'' and adding, in its place, the word ``an''.
72. Sec. 141.75 is corrected to read as follows:
Sec. 141.75 Aircraft requirements.
The following items must be carried on each aircraft used for
flight training and solo flights:
(a) A pretakeoff and prelanding checklist; and
(b) The operator's handbook for the aircraft, if one is furnished
by the manufacturer, or copies of the handbook if furnished to each
student using the aircraft.
Sec. 141.77 [Corrected]
73. On page 16354, in the third column, correct Sec. 141.77(c)(4),
in line 2, by adding the words ``of this section'' after the words
``paragraph (c)(2)''; in line 3, by adding the word ``only'' after the
words ``be given''; and, in line 4, by adding the words ``in writing,
or other form acceptable to the Administrator as to'' after the words
``has certified''.
Sec. 141.79 [Corrected]
74. Sec. 141.79 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16354, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(1)
introductory text, in line 3, remove the word ``accomplish'' and add,
in its place, the word ``must''.
b. On page 16354, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(1)(i), in
line 1, remove the word ``A'' and add, in its place, the words
``Accomplish a''.
c. On page 16354, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(1)(ii), in
line 1, remove the word ``An'' and add, in its place, the words
``Accomplish an''.
d. On page 16354, in the third column, in paragraph (d)(2), in line
3, after the word ``with'', add the words ``the requirements of'', and,
in line 5, after the word ``aircraft'', add the words ``in which''.
Sec. 141.81 [Corrected]
75. Sec. 141.81 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16354, in the third column, in paragraph (a), in line 3,
after the word ``course'', remove the comma, and, in line 6, after the
word ``rating'', add a comma.
b. On page 16355, in the first column, in paragraph (c), in line 3,
remove the words ``in regard to'' and add, in their place, the word
``on''.
Sec. 141.83 [Corrected]
76. On page 16355, in the first column, correct Sec. 141.83(e), in
line 1, by removing the words ``If the'' and adding, in their place,
the words ``When a''; in line 2, by adding the word ``is'' after the
word ``test''; and, in line 4, by adding a comma after the word
``section'' and removing the words ``is given'' before the words ``to a
student''.
Sec. 141.85 [Corrected]
77. Sec. 141.85 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16355, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(1), in line
3, remove the word ``reports'' and add, in its place, the word
``report''.
b. On page 16355, in the second column, in paragraph (a)(2), in
line 8, after the word ``course'', add a comma.
Sec. 141.91 [Corrected]
78. On page 16355, in the third column, correct Sec. 141.91(a), in
line 4, by removing the words ``the satellite pilot school'' and
adding, in their place, the words ``that base''.
Sec. 141.93 [Corrected]
79. Sec. 141.93 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16355, in the third column, in paragraph (a)
introductory text, in line 3, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its
place, the word ``must''.
b. On page 16356, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(3)
introductory text, in line 3, after the word ``of'', add the word
``the''.
c. On page 16356, in the first column, in paragraph (a)(3)(v), in
lines 1 through 2, remove the word ``write-offs'' and add, in its
place, the words ``approval for return-to-service determinations''.
Sec. 141.95 [Corrected]
80. On page 16356, in the first column, correct Sec. 141.95(a), in
line 3, by removing the word ``shall'' and adding, in its place, the
word ``must''.
Sec. 141.101 [Corrected]
81. On page 16356, in the second column, correct Sec. 141.101(e),
in lines 4 and 5, by removing the words ``to the student upon request''
and adding, in their place, the words ``upon request by the student''.
Appendix A to Part 141 [Corrected]
82. Appendix A to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16356, in the second column, in the title of appendix A,
in line 1, remove the letters ``tp'' and add, in their place, the word
``to''.
b. On page 16356, in the third column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (a), in line 5, after the words ``flight training'', add the
words ``as provided in section No. 5 of this appendix''.
c. On page 16357, in the first column, in section No. 6, in
paragraph (b), in lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``being
endorsed'' and add, in their place, the words ``receiving an
endorsement''.
Appendix B to Part 141--[Corrected]
83. Appendix B to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16357, in the first column, in the title of appendix B,
in line 1, after the words ``Appendix B'', add the words ``to Part
141''.
b. On page 16358, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(1), in line 6, after the words ``by an'', add the word
``authorized''.
c. On page 16358, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(2), in line 3, remove the number ``15'' and add, in its
place, the number ``20''.
d. On page 16358, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(3), in line 3, remove the number ``7.5'' and add, in its
place, the number ``15''.
[[Page 40909]]
e. On page 16358, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(4), in line 5, remove the number ``15'' and add, in its
place, the number ``20''.
f. On page 16358, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (d)(3), in line 1, remove the words ``For a rotorcraft
helicopter course'' and add, in their place, the words ``For a
rotorcraft helicopter course''.
g. On page 16358, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (d)(4), in line 1, remove the words ``For a rotorcraft
gyroplane course'' and add, in their place, the words ``For a
rotorcraft gyroplane course''.
h. On page 16358, in the third column, in section No. 5, in
paragraph (b), in line 6, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its
place, the word ``must''.
i. On page 16359, in the second column, in section No. 6, in
paragraph (b), in lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``being
endorsed'' and add, in their place, the words ``receiving an
endorsement''.
Appendix C to Part 141--[Corrected]
84. Appendix C to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16359, in the third column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(1), in line 6, after the words ``by an'', add the word
``authorized''.
b. On page 16359, in the third column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(3), in line 3, remove the number ``25'' and add, in its
place, the number ``40''.
Appendix D to Part 141--[Corrected]
85. Appendix D to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16360, in the first column, in section No. 3, paragraph
(a) should read as follows:
* * * * *
3. * * * (a) Each approved course must include at least the
following ground training on the aeronautical knowledge areas listed
in paragraph (b) of this section, appropriate to the aircraft
category and class rating for which the course applies:
(1) 35 hours of training if the course is for an airplane
category rating or a powered-lift category rating.
(2) 65 hours of training if the course is for a lighter-than-air
category with an airship class rating.
(3) 30 hours of training if the course is for a rotorcraft
category rating.
(4) 20 hours of training if the course is for a glider category
rating.
(5) 20 hours of training if the course is for lighter-than-air
category with a balloon class rating.
* * * * *
b. On page 16360, in the second column, in section No. 4, paragraph
(a) should read as follows:
* * * * *
4. * * *
(a) Each approved course must include at least the following
flight training, as provided in this section and section No. 5 of
this appendix, on the approved areas of operation listed in
paragraph (d) of this section that are appropriate to the aircraft
category and class rating for which the course applies:
(1) 120 hours of training if the course is for an airplane or
powered-lift rating.
(2) 155 hours of training if the course is for an airship
rating.
(3) 115 hours of training if the course is for a rotorcraft
rating.
(4) 6 hours of training if the course is for a glider rating.
(5) 10 hours of training and 8 training flights if the course is
for a balloon rating.
* * * * *
c. On page 16361, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(1), in line 6, before the word ``instructor'', add the
word ``authorized''.
d. On page 16361, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(2), in line 3, remove the number ``20'' and add, in its
place, the number ``30''.
e. On page 16361, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(3), in line 3, remove the number ``10'' and add, in its
place, the number ``20''.
f. On page 16361, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(4), in line 4, remove the number ``20'' and add, in its
place, the number ``30''.
g. On page 16362, in the first column, in section No. 5, in
paragraph (b), in line 6, remove the word ``shall'' and add, in its
place, the word ``must''.
h. On page 16362, in the second column, in section No. 6, in
paragraph (b), in lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``being
endorsed'' and add, in their place, the words ``receiving an
endorsement''.
Appendix E to Part 141--[Corrected]
86. Appendix E to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16362, in the second column, in section No. 1, in line
2, remove the word ``a'' and add, in its place, the word ``an''.
b. On page 16362, in the third column, in section No. 3, in
paragraph (b)(4), in line 3, after the word ``abbreviations,'' add the
word ``and''.
c. On page 16362, in the third column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (a), in line 8, after the word ``training'', remove the
semicolon and the word ``and'' and add, in their place, a period.
d. On page 16362, in the third column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(1), in line 6, after the word ``an'', add the word
``authorized''.
e. On page 16363, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(4), in line 11, remove the word ``the'' and add, in its
place, the word ``this''.
f. On page 16363, in the first column, in section No. 5, in
paragraph (b), in lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``being
endorsed'' and add, in their place, the words ``receiving an
endorsement''.
Appendix F to Part 141--[Corrected]
87. Appendix F to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16363, in the first column, in the title of appendix F,
in line 1, remove the letters ``Floght'' and add, in their place, the
word ``Flight''.
b. On page 16363, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (a)(2), in line 1, remove the word ``and'', and add, it its
place, a comma and the words ``which must include''.
c. On page 16363, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(1), in line 6, after the words ``by an'', add the word
``authorized''.
d. On page 16364, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (c)(6)(vii), remove the words ``Launches, landings, and go-
arounds'' and add, in their place, the words ``Tows or launches,
landings, and go-arounds, if applicable''.
Appendix G to Part 141--[Corrected]
88. Appendix G to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16364, in the first column, in the title of appendix G,
in line 4, remove the letters ``ae'' and add, in their place, the word
``as''.
b. On page 16364, in the first column, in section No. 2, in
paragraph (b), in line 4, after the word ``airplane'', add a en-dash.
c. On page 16364, in the second column, in section No. 3, in
paragraph (b)(1)(i), remove the word ``Learning'' and add, in its
place, the words ``The learning''.
Appendix I to Part 141--[Corrected]
89. Appendix I to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16365, in the first column, section No. 3 should read as
follows:
* * * * *
3. Aeronautical knowledge training. Each approved course for an
additional aircraft category rating or additional aircraft class rating
must include the
[[Page 40910]]
ground training time requirements and ground training on the
aeronautical knowledge areas that are specific to that aircraft
category and class rating and pilot certificate level for which the
course applies as required in appendix A, B, D, or E of this part, as
appropriate.
* * * * *
b. On page 16365, in the first column, in section No. 4, paragraph
(a) should read as follows:
* * * * *
4. * * * Each approved course for an additional aircraft category
rating or additional aircraft class rating must include the flight
training time requirements and flight training on the areas of
operation that are specific to that aircraft category and class rating
and pilot certificate level for which the course applies as required in
appendix A, B, D, or E of this part, as appropriate.''
c. On page 16365, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(1), in line 6, after the words ``by an'', add the word
``authorized''.
d. On page 16365, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(2), in line 3, remove the number ``10'' and add, in its
place, the number ``30''.
e. On page 16365, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(3), in line 3, remove the number ``5'' and add, in its
place, the number ``20''.
f. On page 16365, in the first column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(4), in line 5, remove the number ``10'' and add, in its
place, the number ``30''.
g. On page 16365, in the second column, in section No. 5, in
paragraph (b), in lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``being
endorsed'' and add, in their place, the words ``receiving an
endorsement''.
Appendix J to Part 141--[Corrected]
90. Appendix J to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16365, in the third column, in section No. 3, in
paragraph (b)(6), in line 1, remove the word ``of'' and add, in its
place, the word ``for'', and, in line 3, remove the word ``relate'' and
add, in its place, the word ``relates''.
b. On page 16365, in the third column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (b)(1), in line 6, after the words ``by an'', add the word
``authorized''.
c. On page 16366, in the first column, in section No. 5, in
paragraph (b), in lines 2 through 3, remove the words ``being
endorsed'' and add, in their place, the words ``receiving an
endorsement''.
Appendix K to Part 141--[Corrected]
91. Appendix K to part 141 is corrected as follows:
a. On page 16366, in the second column, in section No. 4, in
paragraph (a), in line 8, after the words ``by an'', add the word
``authorized''.
b. On page 16366, in the second column, in section No. 6, in
paragraph (a)(2), in line 1, after the word ``piloting'', add the word
``and''.
c. On page 16366, in the second column, in section No. 7, in
paragraph (a)(2), in line 1, after the word ``piloting'', add the word
``and''.
d. On page 16366, in the third column, in section No. 8, in
paragraph (a)(2), in line 1, after the word ``piloting'', add the word
``and''.
Issued in Washington, D.C., on July 11, 1997.
Barry L. Valentine,
Acting Administrator.
[FR Doc. 97-19963 Filed 7-24-97; 4:00 pm]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
