02-27377. Special Conditions: Avions Marcel Dassault-Breguet Aviation, Falcon 10; High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
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Start Preamble
AGENCY:
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION:
Final special conditions; request for comments.
SUMMARY:
These special conditions are issued for Avions Marcel Dassault-Breguet Aviation, Falcon 10 airplanes modified by Garrett Aviation Services. These modified airplanes will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. The modification incorporates the installation of the Collins ADC-87A Air Data Computer system that performs critical functions. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the protection of this system from the effects of high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF). These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES:
The effective date of these special conditions is October 18, 2002. Comments must be received on or before November 27, 2002.
ADDRESSES:
Comments on these special conditions may be mailed in duplicate to: Federal Aviation Administration, Transport Airplane Directorate, Attn: Rules Docket (ANM-113), Docket No. NM238, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton Washington, 98055-4056; or delivered in duplicate to the Transport Airplane Directorate at the above address. All comments must be marked: Docket No. NM238. Comments may be inspected in the Rules Docket weekdays, except Federal holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m.
Start Further InfoFOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Meghan Gordon, FAA, Standardization Branch, ANM-113, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98055-4056; telephone (425) 227-2138; facsimile (425) 227-1149.
End Further Info End Preamble Start Supplemental InformationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
The FAA has determined that notice and opportunity for prior public comment hereon are impracticable because these procedures would significantly delay certification, and thus delivery, of the affected airplane. In addition, the substance of these special conditions has been subject to the public comment process in several prior instances with no substantive comments received. The FAA therefore finds that good cause exists for making these special conditions effective upon issuance; however, the FAA invites interested persons to participate in this rulemaking by submitting written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. We ask that you send us two copies of written comments.
We will file in the docket all comments we receive, as well as a report summarizing each substantive public contact with FAA personnel concerning these special conditions. The docket is available for public inspection before and after the comment closing date. If you wish to review the docket in person, go to the address in the ADDRESSES section of this preamble between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
We will consider all comments we receive on or before the closing date for comments. We will consider comments filed late if it is possible to do so without incurring expense or delay. We may change these special conditions in light of the comments we receive.
If you want the FAA to acknowledge receipt of your comments on these special conditions, include with your comments a pre-addressed, stamped postcard on which the docket number appears. We will stamp the date on the postcard and mail it back to you.
Background
On August 13, 2001, Garrett Aviation Services, 1200 North Airport Drive, Capital Airport, Springfield, IL 62707, applied for a supplemental type certificate (STC) to modify Avions Marcel Dassault -Breguet Aviation (AMD/BA), Falcon 10 airplanes approved under Type Certificate No. A33EU . The AMD/BA Falcon 10 is a small transport category airplane, powered by two Airesearch Manufacturing Company Model TFE731-2-1C turbofan engines, with a maximum takeoff weight of 18,300 pounds. This airplane operates with a 2-pilot crew and can hold up to 9 passengers. The modification incorporates the installation of single or dual Collins ADC-87A Air Data Computers. The ADC-87A is installed as a new #2 ADC or as a replacement for the existing Collins ADC-80K Air Data Computer, while also providing additional functional capability and redundancy in the system. The ADC-87A is a microprocessor-based digital computer used to adapt signals driving the existing Collins FCS-80 Flight Guidance System. The avionics/electronics and electrical systems installed in this airplane have the potential to be vulnerable to high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF) external to the airplane.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101 (amendment 21-69, effective September 16, 1991), Garrett Aviation Services must show that the AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplane, as changed, continues to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations incorporated by reference in Type Certificate No. A33EU, or the applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for the change. Subsequent changes have been made to § 21.101 as part of amendment 21-77, but those changes do not become effective until June 10, 2003. The regulations incorporated by reference in the type certificate are commonly referred to as the “original type certification basis.” The certification basis for the modified AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes includes 14 CFR part 25, dated February 1, 1965, as amended by amendments 25-1 through 25-20, except for special conditions and exceptions noted in Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) A33EU.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness regulations (that is, part 25, as amended) do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under the provisions of § 21.16.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special conditions, the AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34, and the noise certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36, including amendment 36-1.
Special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, are issued in accordance with § 11.38 and become part of the airplane's type certification basis in accordance with § 21.101(b)(2), Start Printed Page 65696(amendment 21-69, effective September 16, 1991).
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which they are issued. Should Garrett Aviation Services apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on the same type certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature, the special conditions would also apply to the other model under the provisions of § 21.101(a)(1), (amendment 21-69, effective September 16, 1991).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
As noted earlier, the AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes modified by Garrett Aviation Services will incorporate single or dual Collins ADC-87A Air Data Computers that will perform critical functions. These systems have the potential to be vulnerable to high-intensity radiated fields external to the airplane. The current airworthiness standards of part 25 do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards that address the protection of this equipment from the adverse effects of HIRF. Accordingly, this system is considered to be a novel or unusual design feature.
Discussion
There is no specific regulation that addresses protection requirements for electrical and electronic systems from HIRF. Increased power levels from ground-based radio transmitters and the growing use of sensitive avionics/electronics and electrical systems to command and control airplanes have made it necessary to provide adequate protection.
To ensure that a level of safety is achieved that is equivalent to that intended by the regulations incorporated by reference, special conditions are needed for the AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes modified by Garrett Aviation Services. These special conditions require that the Collins ADC-87A Air Data Computers, which perform critical functions, be designed and installed to preclude component damage and interruption of function due to both the direct and indirect effects of HIRF.
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
With the trend toward increased power levels from ground-based transmitters, plus the advent of space and satellite communications, coupled with electronic command and control of the airplane, the immunity of critical avionics/electronics and electrical systems to HIRF must be established.
It is not possible to precisely define the HIRF to which the airplane will be exposed in service. There is also uncertainty concerning the effectiveness of airframe shielding for HIRF. Furthermore, coupling of electromagnetic energy to cockpit-installed equipment through the cockpit window apertures is undefined. Based on surveys and analysis of existing HIRF emitters, an adequate level of protection exists when compliance with the HIRF protection special condition is shown with either paragraph 1 or 2 below:
1. A minimum threat of 100 volts rms (root-mean-square) per meter electric field strength from 10KHz to 18GHz.
a. The threat must be applied to the system elements and their associated wiring harnesses without the benefit of airframe shielding.
b. Demonstration of this level of protection is established through system tests and analysis.
2. A threat external to the airframe of the field strengths indicated in the table below for the frequency ranges indicated. Both peak and average field strength components from the table are to be demonstrated.
Frequency Field strength (volts per meter) Peak Average 10 kHz-100 kHz 50 50 100 kHz-500 kHz 50 50 500 kHz-2 MHz 50 50 2 MHz-30 MHz 100 100 30 MHz-70 MHz 50 50 70 MHz-100 MHz 50 50 100 MHz-200 MHz 100 100 200 MHz-400 MHz 100 100 400 MHz-700 MHz 700 50 700 MHz-1 GHz 700 100 1 GHz-2 GHz 2000 200 2 GHz-4 GHz 3000 200 4 GHz-6 GHz 3000 200 6 GHz-8 GHz 1000 200 8 GHz-12 GHz 3000 300 12 GHz-18 GHz 2000 200 18 GHz-40 GHz 600 200 The field strengths are expressed in terms of peak of the root-mean-square (rms) over the complete modulation period. The threat levels identified above are the result of an FAA review of existing studies on the subject of HIRF, in light of the ongoing work of the Electromagnetic Effects Harmonization Working Group of the Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes modified by Garret Aviation Services. Should Garrett Aviation Services apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on Type Certificate A33EU to incorporate the same novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would apply to that model as well under the provisions of § 21.101(a)(1) (amendment 21-69, effective September 16, 1991).
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features on the AMD/BA Falcon 10 airplanes modified by Garrett Aviation Services. It is not a rule of general applicability and affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of these features on the airplane.
The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the notice and comment period in several prior instances and has been derived without substantive change from those previously issued. Because a delay would significantly affect the certification of the airplane, which is imminent, the FAA has determined that prior public notice and comment are unnecessary and impracticable, and good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon issuance. The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described above.
Start List of SubjectsList of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
- Aircraft
- Aviation safety
- Reporting and recordkeeping requirements
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
End Amendment PartThe Special Conditions
Start Amendment PartAccordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of the supplemental type certification basis for the Avions Marcel Dassault—Breguet Aviation, Falcon 10 airplanes modified by Garrett Aviation Services.
End Amendment Part1. Protection from Unwanted Effects of High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF). Each electrical and electronic system that performs critical functions must be designed and installed to ensure that the operation and operational capability of these systems to perform critical functions are not adversely affected when the airplane is exposed to high-intensity radiated fields.
2. For the purpose of these special conditions, the following definition applies: Critical Functions: Functions whose failure would contribute to or Start Printed Page 65697cause a failure condition that would prevent the continued safe flight and landing of the airplane.
Start SignatureIssued in Renton, Washington, on October 18, 2002.
Ali Bahrami,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 02-27377 Filed 10-25-02; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
Document Information
- Effective Date:
- 10/18/2002
- Published:
- 10/28/2002
- Department:
- Federal Aviation Administration
- Entry Type:
- Rule
- Action:
- Final special conditions; request for comments.
- Document Number:
- 02-27377
- Dates:
- The effective date of these special conditions is October 18, 2002. Comments must be received on or before November 27, 2002.
- Pages:
- 65695-65697 (3 pages)
- Docket Numbers:
- Docket No. NM238, Special Conditions No. 25-222-SC
- Topics:
- Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements
- PDF File:
- 02-27377.pdf
- CFR: (1)
- 14 CFR 25