[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 7 (Tuesday, January 12, 1999)]
[Notices]
[Pages 1855-1872]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-650]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
Index of Administrator's Decisions and Orders in Civil Penalty
Actions; Publication
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of publication.
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SUMMARY: This notice constitutes the required quarterly publication of
an index of the Administrator's decisions and orders in civil penalty
cases. This publication represents the quarter ending on December 31,
1998. This publication ensures that the agency is in compliance with
statutory indexing requirements.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James S. Dillman, Assistant Chief
Counsel for Litigation (AGC-400), Federal Aviation Administration, 400
7th Street, SW., Suite PL 200-A,
[[Page 1856]]
Washington, DC 20590; telephone number: (202) 366-4118.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Administrative Procedure Act requires
Federal agencies to maintain and make available for public inspection
and copying current indexes containing identifying information
regarding materials required to be made available or published. 5
U.S.C. 552(a)(2). In a notice issued on July 11, 1990, and published in
the Federal Register (55 FR 29148; July 17, 1990), the FAA announced
the public availability of several indexes and summaries providing
identifying information about the decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator under the FAA's civil penalty assessment authority. In
the same notice, the FAA provided information about the rules of
practice governing hearings and appeals of civil penalty actions set
forth in 14 CFR part 13, subpart G.
The FAA maintains an index of the Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty actions organized by order number and
containing identifying information about each decision or order. The
FAA also maintains a cumulative subject-matter index and digests
organized by order number. The indexes are published on a quarterly
basis (i.e., January, April, July, and October.)
The FAA first published these indexes and digests for all decisions
and orders issued by the Administrator through September 30, 1990. 55
FR 45984; October 31, 1990. The FAA announced in that notice that only
the subject-matter index would be published cumulatively and that the
order number index would be non-cumulative. The FAA announced in a
later notice that the order number indexes published in January would
reflect all of the civil penalty decisions for the previous year. 58 FR
5044; 1/19/93.
The previous quarterly publications of the indexes have appeared in
the Federal Register as follows:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dates of quarter Federal Register publication
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11/1/89-9/30/90.......................... 55 FR 45984; 10/31/90.
10/1/90-12/31/90......................... 56 FR 44886; 2/6/91.
1/1/91-3/31/91........................... 56 FR 20250; 5/2/91.
4/1/91-6/30/91........................... 56 FR 31984; 7/12/91.
7/1/91-9/30/91........................... 56 FR 51735; 10/15/91.
10/1/91-12/31/91......................... 57 FR 2299; 1/21/92.
1/1/92-3/31/92........................... 57 FR 12359; 4/9/92.
4/1/92-6/30/92........................... 57 FR 32825; 7/23/92.
7/1/92-9/30/92........................... 57 FR 48255; 10/22/92.
10/1/92-12/31/92......................... 58 FR 5044; 1/19/93.
1/1/93-3/31/93........................... 58 FR 21199; 4/19/93.
4/1/93-6/30/93........................... 58 FR 42120; 8/6/93.
7/1/93-9/30/93........................... 58 FR 58218; 10/29/93.
10/1/93-12/31/93......................... 59 FR 5466; 2/4/94.
1/1/94-3/31/94........................... 59 FR 22196; 4/29/94.
4/1/94-6/30/94........................... 59 FR 39618; 8/3/94.
7/1/94-12/31/94.......................... 60 FR 4454; 1/23/95.
1/1/95-3/31/95........................... 60 FR 19318; 4/17/95.
4/1/95-6/30/95........................... 60 FR 36854; 7/18/95.
7/1/95-9/30/95........................... 60 FR 53228; 10/12/95.
10/1/95-12/31/95......................... 61 FR 1972; 1/24/96.
1/1/96-3/31/96........................... 61 FR 16955; 4/18/96.
4/1/96-6/30/96........................... 61 FR 37526; 7/18/96.
7/1/96-9/30/96........................... 61 FR 54833; 10/22/96.
10/1/96-12/31/96......................... 62 FR 2434; 1/16/97.
1/1/97-3/31/97........................... 62 FR 24533; 5/2/97.
4/1/97-6/30/97........................... 62 FR 38339; 7/17/97.
7/1/97-9/30/97........................... 62 FR 53856; 10/16/97.
10/1/97-12/31/97......................... 63 FR 3373; 1/22/98.
1/1/98-3/31/98........................... 63 FR 19559; 4/20/98.
4/1/98-6/30/98........................... 63 FR 37914; 7/14/98.
7/1/98-9/30/98........................... 63 FR 57729; 10/18/98.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Availability of Decisions and Orders. The civil penalty decisions
and orders, and the indexes and digests are available in FAA offices.
Also, the Administrator's civil penalty decisions have been published
by commercial publishers (Hawkins Publishing Company and Clark Boardman
Callahan) and are available on computer on-line services (Westlaw,
LEXIS, Compuserve and FedWorld). A list of the addresses of the FAA
offices where the civil penalty decisions may be reviewed and
information regarding these commercial publications and computer
databases appear at the end of this notice.
Accessibility through the Internet. Information regarding the
accessibility over the Internet of documents contained in the FAA Civil
Penalty Docket in non-security cases in which the complaint was filed
on or after December 1, 1997, is set forth at the end of this notice.
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator Order Number
Index
(This index includes all decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 1998.)
98-1 Virginia S. Taylor.
2/18/98 CP95WP0231
98-2 Paul A. Carr
3/12/98 CP96NM0106
98-3 Thomas Fedele
3/12/98 CP94EA0289
98-4 Larry's Flying Service
3/12/98 CP97AL0002
98-5 James K. Squire
3/19/98 CP97WP0007
98-6 Continental Airlines
4/7/98 CP97NM0003
98-7 City of Los Angeles, Dep't of
Airports
4/7/98 CP96WP0046
98-8 Paul A. Carr
5/4/98 CP96NM0106
98-9 Continental Express
5/4/98 CP97EA0049
98-10 Daniel B. Rawlings
5/8/98 CP97WP0025
98-11 TWA
6/16/98 CP96NE0294
98-12 David G. Stout
6/16/98 CP96WP0304
98-13 Air St. Thomas
6/16/98 CP97SO0007
98-14 Larry's Flying Service
7/3/98 CP97AL0002
98-15 James K. Squire
7/13/98 CP97WP0007
98-16 Blue Ridge Airlines
8/13/98 CP97NM0024
98-17 Blue Ridge Airlines
9/11/98 CP97NM0024
98-18 General Aviation, Inc.
10/9/98 CP96NM0112
98-19 Peter A. Martin & James C. Jaworski
10/9/98 CP97WP0041
98-20 Richard S. Koenig
10/9/98 CP97WP0031
98-21 Ottoe L. Blankson
10/9/98 CP97EA0024
98-22 Northwest Airlines
11/10/98 CP96GL0237
98-23 Instead Balloon Services
11/24/98 CP97WP0047
98-24 Peter W. Stevens
12/18/98 CP97EA0025
98-25 Howard Gotbetter
12/23/98 CP98EA0051
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued By the Administrator
Subject Matter Index
(Current as of December 31, 1998.)
Administrative Law Judges--Power and Authority:
Continuance of hearing............................. 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-29 Haggland.
[[Page 1857]]
Credibility findings............................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley
Air; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental; 95-25 Conquest;
95-26 Hereth; 97-20 Werle; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
Airlines; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-18 General
Aviation.
Default Judgment................................... 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-47 Cornwall; 94-8 Nunez;
94-22 Harkins; 94-28 Toyota; 95-10 Diamond; 97-28
Continental Airlines; 97-33 Rawlings; 98-13 Air St.
Thomas.
Discovery.......................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-10 Costello.
Expert Testimony................................... 94-21 Sweeney.
Granting extensions of time........................ 90-27 Gabbert.
Hearing location................................... 92-50 Cullop.
Hearing request.................................... 93-12 Langton; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37
Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Initial Decision................................... 92-1 Costello; 92-32 Barnhill.
Lateness of.................................... 97-31 Sanford Air.
Should include requirement to file appeal brief 98-5 Squire.
in decision.
Jurisdiction:
Generally...................................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-1 Costello; 92-32
Barnhill.
After issuance of order assessing civil penalty 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner; 97-33 Rawlings.
When complaint is withdrawn.................... 94-39 Kirola.
Motion for Decision................................ 92-73 Wyatt; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-11
Merkley; 96-24 Horizon; 98-20 Koeng.
No authority to extend due date for the late Answer 92-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson; 98-4
without showing of good cause. (See also Answer). Larry's Flying Service.
Notice of Hearing.................................. 92-31 Eaddy.
Regulate proceedings............................... 97-20 Werle.
Sanction........................................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 94-22
Harkins; 94-28 Toyota.
Service of law judges by parties................... 97-18 Robinson.
Vacate initial decision............................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-32 Barnhill; 95-6 Sutton.
Aerial Photography..................................... 95-25 Conquest Hilicopters.
Agency Attorney........................................ 93-13 Medel.
Air Carrier:
Agent/independent contractor of.................... 92-70 USAir.
Careless or Reckless............................... 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Duty of care:
Non-delegable.................................. 92-70 USAir; 96-16 Westair Commuter; 96-24 Horizon; 97-
8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters.
Employee........................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a/ Inter-
Island Helicopters.
Ground Security Coordinator, Failure to provide.... 96-16 WestAir Commuter.
Intoxicated Passenger:
Allowing to board.............................. 98-11 TWA.
Serving alcohol to............................. 98-11 TWA.
Liability for employees' acts/omissions in scope of 98-11 TWA.
employment.
Aircraft Maintenance (See also airworthiness,
Maintenance Manual):
Generally.......................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 93-36 & 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38 Bohan; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West airlines; 97-8 Pacific Av.
d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10
Alphin; 97-11 Hampton; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines;
97-31 Sanford Air; 98-18 General Aviation.
Acceptable methods, techniques, and practices...... 96-3 America West Airlines.
After certificate revocation....................... 92-73 Wyatt.
Airworthiness Directive, compliance with........... 96-18 Kilrain; 97-9 Alphin.
Inspection......................................... 96-18 Kilrain; 97-10 Alphin.
Major/minor repairs................................ 96-3 America West Airlines.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL)....................... 94-38 Bohan; 95-11 Horizon; 97-11 Hampton; 97-21 Delta;
97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
Aircraft Records:
Aircraft Operation................................. 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Flight and Duty Time............................... 96-4 South Aero.
Maintenance Records................................ 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 97-30
Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-31 Sanford Air; 98-18
General Aviation.
``Yellow tags''.................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Aircraft Weight and Balance (See Weight and Balance)
Airmen:
Pilots............................................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 93-17 Metcalf.
Altitude deviation................................. 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Careless or Reckless............................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf; 93-
29 Sweeney; 96-17 Fenner.
Flight time limitations............................ 93-11 Merkley.
[[Page 1858]]
Follow ATC Instruction............................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp.
Low Flight......................................... 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
Owner's responsibility............................. 96-17 Fenner.
See and Avoid...................................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Air Operations Area (AOA):
Air Carrier Responsibilities....................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta Air Lines; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
Airport Operator Responsibilities.................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator]; 98-7 LAX.
Badge Display...................................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-33 Delta Air Lines.
Definition of...................................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
58 [Airport Operator].
Exclusive Areas.................................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
58 [Airport Operator]; 98-7 LAX.
Airport Security Program (ASP):
Compliance with.................................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 96-1
[Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-7
LAX; Airport Operator.
Responsibilities................................... 90-12 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan.
Air Traffic Control (ATC):
Error as mitigating factor......................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne.
Error as exonerating factor........................ 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-40 Wendt.
Ground Control..................................... 91-12 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Local Control...................................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Tapes & Transcripts................................ 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Airworthiness.......................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 91-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 94-2 Woodhouse; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-18 Kilrain; 94-
25 USAir; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island
Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-11 Hampton;
97-21 Delta; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-32
Florida Propeller; 98-18 General Aviation.
Amicus Curiae Briefs................................... 90-25 Gabbert.
Answer:
ALJ may not extend due date for late Answer unless 95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson; 97-33
good cause shown. Rawlings; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
Reply to each numbered paragraph in the complaint 98-21 Blankson.
required.
Timeliness of answer............................... 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-47
Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-5
Grant; 94-29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 94-43 Perez; 95-10
Diamond; 95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson;
97-19 Missirlian; 97-33 Rawlings; 97-38 Air St.
Thomas; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-13 Air St.
Thomas.
What constitutes................................... 92-32 Barnhill; 92-75 Beck; 97-19 Missirlian.
Appeals (See also Filing; Timeliness; Mailing Rule):
Briefs, Generally.................................. 89-4 Metz; 91-45 Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-39 Beck; 93-24 Steel City Aviation; 93-28 Strohl;
94-23 Perez; 95-13 Kilrain.
Additional Appeal Brief............................ 92-3 Park; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-28
Strohl; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-
29 Sutton; 97-22 Sanford Air; 97-34 Continental
Airlines; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-18 General
Aviation.
Appeal dismissed as premature...................... 95-19 Rayner.
Appeal dismissed as moot after complaint withdrawn. 92-9 Griffin.
Appellate arguments................................ 92-70 USAir.
Court of Appeals, appeal to (See Federal Courts):..
Good Cause for Late-Filed Brief or Notice of 90-3 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 90-39 Hart; 91-10 Graham; 91-
Appeal. 24 Esau; 91-48 Wendt; 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 92-3
Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 92-41 Moore & Sabre
Associates; 92-52 Beck; 92-57 Detroit Metro Wayne Co.
Airport; 92-69 McCabe; 93-23 Allen; 93-27 Simmons; 93-
31 Allen; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-25
Conquest, 97-6 WRA Inc.; 97-7 Stalling; 97-28
Continental; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-1 V. Taylor; 98-
13 Air St. Thomas.
Motion to Vacate construed as a brief.............. 91-11 Continental Airlines.
Perfecting an Appeal, generally.................... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-39 Beck; 94-23
Perez; 94-13 Kilrain; 96-5 Alphin Aircraft; 98-20
Koenig.
Extension of Time for (good cause for)......... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-26 Britt Airways; 91-
32 Bargen; 91-50 Costello; 93-2 & 93-3 Wendt; 93-24
Steel City Aviation; 93-32 Nunez; 98-5 Squire; 98-15
Squire.
[[Page 1859]]
Failure to..................................... 89-1 Gressani; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-11 Thunderbird
Accessories; 90-35 P. Adams; 90-39 Hart; 91-7 Pardue;
91-10 Graham; 91-20 Bargen; 91-43, 91-44, 91-46 & 91-
47 Delta Air Lines; 92-11 Alilin; 92-15 Dillman; 92-18
Bargen; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay Land Aviation; 92-36
Southwest Airlines; 92-45 O'Brien; 92-56 Montauk
Caribbean Airways; 92-67 USAir; 92-68 Weintraub; 92-78
TWA; 93-7 Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-20 Smith; 93-23 & 93-31
Allen; 93-34 Castle Aviation; 93-35 Steel City
Aviation; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-24 Page; 94-26 French
Aircraft; 94-34 American International Airways; 94-35
American International Airways; 94-36 American
International Airways; 95-4 Hanson; 95-22 & 96-5
Alphin Aircraft; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 96-13 Winslow;
97-3 [Airport Operator], 97-6 WRA, Inc.; 97-15 Houston
& Johnson County; 97-35 Gordon Air Services; 97-36
Avcon; 97-37 Roush; 98-10 Rawlings.
Notice of appeal construed as appeal brief..... 92-39 Beck; 94-15 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23
Atlantic World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian; 97-2 Sanford
Air; 98-5 Squire; 98-17 Blue Ridge Airlines; 98-23
Instead Balloon Services.
What Constitutes............................... 90-4 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-45 Park; 92-7 West; 92-17
Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 93-7 Dunn; 94-15 Columna; 94-23
Perez, 94-30 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23 Atlantic
World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian; 97-2 Sanford Air.
Service of brief:
Failure to serve other party................... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall.
Timeliness of Notice of Appeal..................... 90-3 Metz; 90-39 Hart; 91-50 Costello; 92-7 West; 92-69
McCabe; 93-27 Simmons; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse;
95-15 Alphin Aviation; 96-14 Midtown Neon Sign Corp.;
97-7 & 97-17 Stallings; 97-28 Continental; 97-38 Air
St. Thomas; 98-1 V. Taylor; 98-13 Air St. Thomas; 98-
16 Blue Ridge Airlines; 98-17 Blue Ridge Airlines; 98-
21 Blankson.
Withdrawal of...................................... 89-2 Lincoln-Walker; 89-3 Sittko; 90-4 Nordrum; 90-5
Sussman; 90-6 Dabaghian; 90-7 Steele; 90-8 Jenkins; 90-
9 Van Zandt; 90-13 O'Dell; 90-14 Miller; 90-28 Puleo;
90-29 Sealander; 90-30 Steidinger; 90-34 D. Adams; 90-
40 & 90-41 Westair Commuter Airlines; 91-1 Nestor; 91-
5 Jones; 91-6 Lowery; 91-13 Kreamer; 91-14 Swanton; 91-
15 Knipe; 91-16 Lopez; 91-19 Bayer; 91-21 Britt
Airways; 91-22 Omega Silicone Co.; 91-23 Continental
Airlines; 91-25 Sanders; 91-27 Delta Air Lines; 91-28
Continental Airlines: 91-29 Smith; 91-34 GASPRO; 91-35
M. Graham; 91-36; Howard; 91-37 Vereen; 91-39 America
West; 91-42 Pony Express; 91-49 Shields; 91-56 Mayhan;
91-57 Britt Airways; 91-59 Griffin; 91-60 Brinton; 92-
2 Koller; 92-4 Delta Air Lines; 92-6 Rothgeb; 92-12
Bertetto; 92-20 Delta Air Lines; 92-21 Cronberg; 92-
22, 92-23, 92-24, 92-25, 92-26 & 92-28 Delta Air
Lines; 92-33 Port Authority of NY & NJ; 92-42 Jayson;
92-43 Delta Air Lines; 92-44 Owens; 92-53 Humble; 92-
54 & 92-55 Northwest Airlines; 92-60 Costello; 92-61
Romerdahl; 92-62 USAir; 92-63 Schaefer; 92-64 & 92-65
Delta Air Lines; 92-66 Sabre Associates & Moore; 92-79
Delta Air Lines; 93-1 Powell & Co.; 93-4 Harrah; 93-14
Fenske; 93-15 Brown; 93-21 Delta Air Lines; 93-22
Yannotone; 93-26 Delta Air Lines; 93-33 HPH Aviation;
93-9 B & G Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-11 Pan
American Airways; 94-13 Boyle; 94-14 B & G
Instruments; 94-16 Ford; 94-33 Trans World Airlines;
94-41 Dewey Towner; 94-42 Taylor; 95-1 Diamond
Aviation; 95-3 Delta Air Lines; 95-5 Araya; 95-6
Sutton; 95-7 Empire Airlines; 95-20 USAir; 95-21
Faisca; 95-24 Delta Air Lines; 96-7 Delta Air Lines;
96-8 Empire Airlines; 96-10 USAir, 96-11 USAir, 96-12
USAir; 96-21 Houseal; 97-4 [Airport Operator]; 97-5
WestAir; 97-25 Martin & Jaworski; 97-26 Delta Air
Lines; 97-27 Lock Haven; 97-39 Delta Air Lines; 98-9
Continental Express.
Assault (See also Battery, and Passenger Misconduct)... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer.
``Attempt''............................................ 89-5 Schultz.
Attorney Conduct:
Obstreperous of Disruptive......................... 94-39 Kirola.
Attorney Fees (See EAJA)
Aviation Safety Reporting System....................... 90-39 Hart: 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp.
Baggage Matching....................................... 98-6 Continental.
Balloon (Hot Air)...................................... 94-2 Woodhouse.
Bankruptcy............................................. 91-2 Continental Airlines.
Battery (See also Assault and Passenger Misconduct).... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer.
Certificates and Authorizations:
Surrender when revoked............................. 92-73 Wyatt.
Civil Air Security National Airport Inspection Program 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
(CASNAIP). 40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator].
Civil Penalty Amount (See Sanction)
[[Page 1860]]
Closing Argument (See Final Oral Argument)
Collateral Estoppel.................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Complaint:
Complainant Bound By............................... 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller.
No Timely Answer to (See Answer)
Partial Dismissal/Full Sanction.................... 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Staleness (See Stale Complaint Rule)
Statute of Limitations (See Statute of Limitations)
Timeliness of complaint............................ 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth; 94-5 Grant.
Withdrawal of...................................... 94-39 Kirola; 95-6 Sutton.
Compliance S Enforcement Program:
(FAA Order No. 2150.3A)............................ 89-5 Schultz; 89-6 American Airlines; 91-38 Esau; 92-5
Delta Air Lines.
Compliance/Enforcement Bulletin 92-3............... 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Sanction Guidance Table............................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-37
Northwest Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 92-5 Delta Air Lines;
98-18 General Aviation.
Concealment of Weapons (See Weapons Violations)
Consolidation of Cases................................. 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
Constitutionality of Regulations (See also Double 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
Jeopardy). 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
96-1 [Airport Operator]; 96-25 USAir; 97-16 Mauna Kea;
97-34 Continental Airlines; 98-6 Continental Airlines;
98-11 TWA.
Continuance of Hearing................................. 90-25 Gabbert; 92-29 Haggland.
Corrective Action (See Sanction)
Counsel:
Leave to withdraw.................................. 97-24 Gordon.
No right to assigned counsel (See Due Process)
Credibility of Witnesses:
Generally.......................................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters; 95-26 Hereth; 97-32 Florida
Propeller.
Bias............................................... 97-9 Alphin.
Defer to ALJ determination of...................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 95-26 Hereth;
97-20 Werle; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-32
Florida Propeller; 98-11 TWA; 98-18 General Aviation.
Experts............................................ (See also Witness) 90-27 Gabbert; 93-17 Metcalf; 96-3
America West Airlines.
Impeachment........................................ 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Reliability of Identification by eyewitnesses...... 97-20 Werle.
De facto answer.................................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Delay in initiating action............................. 90-21 Carroll.
Deliberative Process Privilege......................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 and 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Deterrence............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service; 97-11 Hampton.
Discovery:
Deliberative Process Privilege..................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 and 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Depositions, generally............................. 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Notice of deposition........................... 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Failure to Produce................................. 90-18 and 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS
Aviation; 93-10 Costello.
Sanction for................................... 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Regarding Unrelated Case........................... 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
Double Jeopardy........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-26 Midtown.
Due Process:
Generally.......................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-8
Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters.
Before finding a violation......................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Multiple violations................................ 96-26 Midtown; 97-9 Alphin.
No right to assigned counsel....................... 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9
Alphin.
Violation of....................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-8
Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 98-19
Martin & Jaworski.
EAJA:
Adversary Adjudication............................. 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 and 91-52 KDS Aviation; 94-17 TCI;
95-12 Toyota.
Amount of award.................................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Appeal from ALJ decision........................... 95-9 Woodhouse.
Expert witness fees................................ 95-27 Valley Air.
Final disposition.................................. 96-22 Woodhouse.
Further proceedings................................ 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Jurisdiction over appeal........................... 92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
Late-filed application......................... 96-22 Woodhouse.
Other expenses..................................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Position of agency................................. 95-27 Valley Air.
Prevailing party................................... 91-52 KDS Aviation.
[[Page 1861]]
Special circumstances.............................. 95-18 Pacific Sky.
Substantial justification.......................... 91-52 and 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-9 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific
Sky; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air; 98-19 Martin
& Jaworski.
Supplementation of application..................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Evidence (See Proof & Evidence)........................
Ex Parte Communications................................ 93-10 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-19 Rayner.
Expert Witnesses (See Witness)
Extension of Time:
By Agreement of Parties............................ 89-6 American Airlines; 92-41 Moore & Sabre Associates.
Dismissal by Decisionmaker......................... 89-7 Zenkner; 90-39 Hart.
Good Cause for..................................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories.
Objection to....................................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 93-3 Wendt.
Who may grant...................................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Federal Courts......................................... 92-7 West; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-8 Carr.
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure....................... 91-17 KDS Aviation.
Federal Rules of Evidence (See also Proof & Evidence):
Admissions......................................... 96-25 USAir.
Settlement Offers.................................. 95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir.
Subsequent Remedial Measures....................... 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Final Oral Argument.................................... 92-3 Park.
Firearms (See Weapons)
Ferry Flights.......................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Filing (See also Appeals; Timeliness):
Burden to prove date of filing..................... 97-11 Hampton Air; 98-1 V. Taylor.
Discrepancy between certificate of service and 98-16 Blue Ridge Airlines.
postmark.
Service on designated representative............... 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
Flight & Duty Time:
Circumstances beyond crew's control:
Generally...................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Foreseeability................................. 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Late freight................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Weather........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Competency check flights........................... 96-4 South Aero.
Limitation of Duty Time............................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
Limitation of Flight Time.......................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
``Other commercial flying''.................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Flights................................................ 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Freedom of Information Act............................. 93-10 Costello.
Fuel Exhaustion........................................ 95-26 Hereth.
Guns (See Weapons)
Ground Security Coordinator (See also Air Carrier;
Standard Security Program):
Failure to provide................................. 96-16 WestAir Commuter.
Hazardous Materials:
Transportation of, generally....................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 92-77
TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling;
95-12 Toyota; 96-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
Civil Penalty, generally........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
Corrective Action.............................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota.
Culpability.................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
Financial hardship............................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Installment plan........................... 95-16 Mulhall.
First-time violation........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
Gravity of violation........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown;
98-2 Carr.
Minimum penalty................................ 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
Number of violations........................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2 Carr.
Redundant violations........................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2 Carr.
Criminal Penalty................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling.
EAJA, applicability of............................. 94-17 TCI; 95-12 Toyota.
Individual violations.............................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Judicial review.................................... 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-8 Car.
Knowingly.......................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-31 Smalling.
Specific hazard class transported:
Combustible:
Paint...................................... 95-16 Mulhall.
Corrosive:
Wet Battery................................ 94-28 Toyota Motor Sales.
Other...................................... 92-77 TCI.
Explosive:
Fireworks.................................. 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
Flammable:
Paint...................................... 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign.
Turpentine................................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Radioactive.................................... 94-19 Pony Express.
[[Page 1862]]
Hearing:
Failure of party to attend......................... 98-23 Instead Balloon Services.
Informal Conference.................................... 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Initial Decision:
What constitutes................................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Interference with crewmembers (See also Passenger 92-3 Park; 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA; 98-12
Misconduct; Assault). Stout.
Interlocutory Appeal................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 93-37
Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-25 Gotbetter.
Internal FAA Policy &/or Procedures.................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 92-
73 Wyatt.
Jurisdiction:
After initial decision............................. 90-22 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28
Strohl.
After Order Assessing Civil Penalty................ 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
After withdrawal of complaint...................... 94-39 Kirola.
$50,000 Limit...................................... 90-12 Continental Airlines.
EAJA cases......................................... 92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
HazMat cases....................................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
NTSB............................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
Knowledge of concealed weapon (See also Weapons 89-5 Shultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Violation).
Laches (See Delay in initiating action)................
Mailing Rule, generally................................ 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-39 Hart; 98-20 Koenig.
Overnight express delivery......................... 89-6 American Airlines.
Maintenance (See Aircraft Maintenance)
Maintenance Instruction................................ 93-36 Valley Air.
Maintenance Manual..................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 96-25 USAir.
Air carrier maintenance manual..................... 96-3 America West Airlines,
Approved/accepted repairs.......................... 96-3 America West Airlines.
Manufacture's maintenance manual................... 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-31 Sanford Air; 97-32
Florida Propeller.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL) (See Aircraft Maintenance)
Mootness, appeal dismissed as moot..................... 92-9 Griffin; 94-17 TCI.
National Aviation Safety Inspection Program (NASIP).... 90-16 Rocky Mountain.
National Transportation Safety Board:
Administrator not bound by NTSB case Law........... 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-18
Westair Commuter.
Lack of Jurisdiction............................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-17 Wilson; 92-74
Wendt.
Notice of Hearing Receipt.............................. 92-31 Eaddy.
Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty:
Initiates Action................................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Signature of agency attorney....................... 93-12 Langton.
Withdrawal of...................................... 90-17 Wilson.
Operate, generally..................................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
17 Fenner.
Responsibility of aircraft owner/operator for 96-17 Fenner.
actions of pilot.
Oral Argument before Administrator on Appeal:
Decision to hold................................... 92-16 Wendt.
Instructions for................................... 92-27 Wendt.
Order Assessing Civil Penalty:
Appeal from........................................ 92-1 Costello; 95-19 Rayner,
Timeliness of request for hearing.................. 95-19 Rayner,
Withdrawl of....................................... 89-24 Metz; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir 95-19
Rayner, 97-7 Stalling.
Parachuting............................................ 98-3 Fedele.
Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA):
Failure to obtain.................................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply,
Passenger Misconduct................................... 92-3 Park
Assualt/Battery.................................... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA.
Interference with a crewmember..................... 96-6 Ignatov; 96-12 Mayer, 98-11 TWA; 98-12 Stout.
Smoking............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
Stowing carry-on items............................. 97-12 Mayer.
Penalty (See Sanction; Hazardous Materials)
Person................................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Prima Facie Case (See also Proof & Evidence............ 95-26 Hereth; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Proof & Evidence (See also Federal Rules of Evidence):
Affirmative Defense................................ 92-123 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 98-6
Continental Airlines.
Burden of Proof.................................... 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis, 01-30 Trujillo; 92-
13 Delta Airlines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 92-29 Sweeney; 97-
32 Florida
Circumstantial Evidence............................ 90-12, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 93-29
Sweeney; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-10 Alphin; 97-
11 Hampton; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-6 Continental
Airlines.
Credibility (See Administrative Law Judges;
Credibility of Witness)
Criminal standard rejected......................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Closing Arguments (See also Final Oral Argument)... 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Extra-record material.............................. 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
[[Page 1863]]
Hearsay............................................ 92-72 Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines 98-11
TWA.
Offer of proof..................................... 97-32 Florida Propeller.
Preponderance of evidence.......................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
Airlines; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72
Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-31
Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-3 Fedele; 98-
6 Continental Airlines; 98-11 TWA.
Presumption that message on ATC tape is received as 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
transmitted.
Presumption that a gun is deadly or dangerous...... 90-26 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo.
Presumption that owner gave pilot permission....... 96-17 Fenner,
Prima facie case................................... 95-26 Hereth, 96-3 America West; 98-6 Continental
Airlines.
Subsequent remedial measures....................... 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Substantial evidence............................... 92-72 Giuffrida.
Pro Se Parties;
Special Considerations............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 95-25
Conquest.
Prosecutorial Discretion............................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-38
Continental Airlines; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-46
Sutton-Sautter; 97-73 Wyatt; 95-17 Larry's Flying
Service.
Administrator does not review Complainant's 98-2 Carr.
decision not to bring action against anyone but
respondent.
Reconsideration:
Denied by ALJ...................................... 89-4 & 90-3 Metz.
Granted by ALJ..................................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Late request for................................... 97-14 Pacific Aviation; 98-14 Larry's Flying Service.
Petition based on new material..................... 96-23 Kilrain.
Repetitious petitions.............................. 96-9 [Airport Operator].
Stay of order pending.............................. 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
Redundancy, enhancing safety........................... 97-11 Hampton.
Remand................................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-24
Bayer; 91-51 Hagwood; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 92-1
Costello; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-37 Houston.
Repair Station......................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 92-10 Flight Unlimited;
94-2 Woodhouse; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-31
Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
Request for Hearing.................................... 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Constructive withdrawal of......................... 97-7 Stalling; 98-23 Instead Balloon Services.
Rules of Practice (14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G):
Applicability of................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS
Aviation.
Challenges to...................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21
Carroll; 90-37 Northwest Airlines.
Effect of Changes in............................... 90-12 Carroll; 90-22 USAir; 90-38 Continental Airlines.
Initiation of Action............................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Runway incursions...................................... 92-40 Wendt; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Sanction:
Ability to Pay..................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 91-10
Flight Unlimited; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-37 & 92-72
Giuffrida; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51
Koblick; 93-10 Costello; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft
Rental; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a
Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-11 Hampton; 97-16 Mauna
Kea; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-11 TWA.
Agency policy:
ALJ bound by................................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-19
[Air Carrier].
Changes after complaint........................ 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
Statements of (e.g., FAA Order 2150.3A, 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato;
Sanction Guidance Table, memoranda pertaining 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-4
to). South Aero; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-25 USAir.
Compliance Disposition............................. 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan.
Consistency with Precedent......................... 96-6 Ignatov; 96-26 Midtown; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
Airlines; 98-12 Stout; 98-18 General Aviation.
But when precedent is based on superceded 96-19 [Air Carrier].
sanction policy.
Corrective Action.................................. 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-
41 [Airport Operator]; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 93-18
Westair Commuter; 94-28 Toyota; 96-4 South Aero; 96-19
[Air Carrier]; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 97-23 Detroit
Metropolitan; 98-6 Continental Airlines; 98-22
Northwest Airlines.
Discovery (See Discovery)
Factors to consider................................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
91-3 Lewis; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-28
Toyota; 95-11 Horizon; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-26
Midtown; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 98-2 Carr.
First-Time Offenders............................... 89-5 Schultz; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 92-51 Koblick.
HazMat (See Hazardous Materials)
Inexperience....................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
[[Page 1864]]
Installment Payments............................... 95-16 Mulhall; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service
Maintenance........................................ 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-8 Pacific
Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10
Alphin; 97-11 Hampton; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
Maximum............................................ 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Minimum (HazMat)................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
Modified........................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-38
Esau; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-13 Delta Air Lines;
92-32 Barnhill.
Partial Dismissal of Complaint/Full Sanction (See 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
also Complaint).
Sanctions in specific cases:
Unairworthy aircraft........................... 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9
Alphin; 98-18 General Aviation.
Passenger/baggage matching..................... 98-6 Continental Airlines.
Passenger Misconduct........................... 97-12 Mayer; 98-12 Stout.
Person evading screening (See also Screening).. 97-20 Werle.
Pilot Deviation................................ 92-8 Watkins.
Test ojbect detection.......................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air Carrier]
Unauthorized access............................ 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
94-1 Delta Air Lines; 98-7 LAX
Weapons violations............................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-
32 Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-5
Grant; 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings
Screening of Persons:
Air carrier failure to detect weapon sanction...... 94-44 American Airlines
Air carrier failure to match bag with passenger.... 98-6 Continental Airlines
Entering Sterile Areas............................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl; 97-20 Werle; 98-20 Koenig
Sanction for individual evading screening (See also 97-20 Werle; 98-20 Koenig
Sanction).
Security (See Screening of Persons, Standard Security
Program, Test Object Detection, Unauthorized Access,
Weapons Violations):
Giving false information about carrying a weapon or 98-24 Stevens
explosive on board an aircraft.
Sealing of Record...................................... 97-13 Westair Commuter; 97-28 Continental Airlines.
Separation of Functions................................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
Continental Airlines; 93-13 Medel.
Service (See also Mailing Rule; Receipt):
Of NPCP............................................ 90-22 US Air; 97-20 Werle.
Of FNPCP........................................... 93-13 Medel.
Receipt of document sent by mail................... 92-31 Eaddy.
Return of certified mail........................... 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
Valid Service...................................... 92-18 Bargen; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
Settlement............................................. 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall.
Skydiving.............................................. 98-3 Fedele.
Smoking................................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg.
Stale Complaint Rule if NPCP not sent.................. 97-20 Werle.
Standard Security Program (SSP):
Compliance with.................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta
Air Lines; 91-55 Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1
Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 98-22 Northwest
Airlines.
Checkpoint Security Coordinator.................... 98-22 Northwest Airlines.
Ground Security Coordinator........................ 96-16 Westair Commuter.
Statute of Limitations................................. 97-20 Werle.
Stay of Orders......................................... 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines
Pending judicial review............................ 95-14 Charter Airlines
Strict Liability....................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-18 [Airport Operator];
91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 97-
23 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-7 LAX
Test Object Detection.................................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-9 & 91-55 Continental Airlines;
92-13 Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier]
Proof of violation................................. 90-18, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 92-13 Delta
Air Lines
Sanction........................................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air Carrier]
Timeliness (See also Complaint; Filing; Mailing Rule;
and Appeals):
Burden to prove date of filing..................... 97-11 Hampton Air; 98-1 V. Taylor
Of response to NPCP................................ 90-22 US Air
Of complaint....................................... 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth
Of initial decision................................ 97-31 Sanford Air
Of NPCP............................................ 92-73 Wyatt
Of reply brief..................................... 97-11 Hampton
Of request for hearing............................. 93-12 Langton; 95-19 Rayner
Of EAJA application (See EAJA-Final disposition,
EAJA-Jurisdiction)
Unapproved Parts (See also Parts Manufacturer Approval) 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply
Unauthorized Access:
To aircraft........................................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 94-1 Delta Air
Lines.
To Air Operations Area (AOA)....................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
[[Page 1865]]
Visual Cues Indicating Runway, Adequacy of............. 92-40 Wendt.
Weapons Violations, generally.......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23
Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3
Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59
Petek-Jackson; 94-5 Grant; 94-44 American Airlines.
Concealed weapon................................... 89-5 Schultz; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick.
``Deadly or Dangerous''............................ 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau.
First-time Offenders............................... 89-5 Schultz.
Intent to commit violation......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-53 Koller.
Knowledge Of Weapon Concealment (See also 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Knowledge).
Sanction (See Sanction)
Weight and Balance..................................... 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Witnesses (See also Credibility):
Absence of, Failure to subpoena.................... 92-3 Park; 98-2 Carr.
Expert testimony Evaluation of..................... 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-21 Sweeney; 96-3
America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-9 Alphin;
97-32 Florida Propeller.
Expert witness fees (See EAJA)
Regulations (Title 14 CFR, unless otherwise noted):
1.1 (maintenance).................................. 94-38 Bohan; 97-11 Hampton.
1.1 (major repair)................................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (minor repair)................................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (operate)...................................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
17 Fenner.
1.1 (person)....................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1.1 (propeller).................................... 96-15 Valley Air.
13.16.............................................. 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 90-38 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-1 Costello; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-27
Larsen; 94-37 Houston; 94-31 Smalling; 95-19 Rayner;
96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-9
Alphin; 98-18 General Aviation.
13.201............................................. 90-12 Continental Airlines.
13.202............................................. 90-6 American Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment.
13.203............................................. 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
Continental Airlines.
13.204............................................. .......................................................
13.205............................................. 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-32 Barnhill; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan;
94-39 Kirola; 95-16 Mulhall; 97-20 Werle.
13.206............................................. .......................................................
13.207............................................. 94-39 Kirola.
13.208............................................. 90-21 Carroll; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-73 Wyatt; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-7 Hereth; 97-
20 Werle; 98-4 Larry's.
13.209............................................. 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 93-
32 Barnhill; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 94-8 Nunez; 94-5 Grant; 94-22 Harkins; 94-
29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 95-10 Diamond; 95-28
Atlantic World Airways; 97-7 Stalling; 97-18 Robinson;
97-33 Rawlings; 98-21 Blankson.
13.210............................................. 92-19 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-
7 Dunn; 93-28 Strohl; 94-5 Grant; 94-30 Columna; 95-28
Atlantic World Airways; 96-17 Fenner; 97-11 Hampton;
97-18 Robinson; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-16 Blue Ridge
Airlines.
13.211............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39 Hart; 91-24 Esau; 92-1
Costello; 92-9 Griffin; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-57 Detroit Metro. Wayne County Airport; 92-74
Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-2 Wendt; 94-5 Grant;
94-18 Luxemburg; 94-29 Sutton; 95-12 Toyota; 95-28
Valley Air; 97-7 Stalling; 97-11 Hampton; 98-4 Larry's
Flying Service; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski; 98-20 Koenig.
13.212............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-2 Continental
Airlines.
13.213............................................. .......................................................
13.214............................................. 91-3 Lewis.
13.215............................................. 93-28 Strohl; 94-39 Kirola.
13.216............................................. .......................................................
13.217............................................. 91-17 KDS Aviation.
13.218............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-39 Hart; 92-9 Griffin; 92-73 Wyatt; 93-19 Pacific
Sky Supply; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37 Houston;
95-18 Rayner; 96-16 WestAir; 96-24 Horizon; 98-20
Koenig.
13.219............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 91-2 Continental; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 93-37 Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metro. Wayne
County Airport; 98-25 Gotbetter.
[[Page 1866]]
13.220............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-20 Carroll; 91-8 Watts
Agricultural Aviation; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
13.221............................................. 92-29 Haggland; 92-32 Eaddy; 92-52 Cullop.
13.222............................................. 92-72 Giuffrida; 96-15 Valley Air.
13.223............................................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72 Giuffrida; 95-26
Hereth; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-11 Hampton; 97-31 Sanford
Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-3 Fedele; 98-6
Continental Airlines.
13.224............................................. 90-26 Waddell; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 92-72
Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-28 Toyota; 95-25
Conquest; 96-17 Fenner; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-6
Continental Airlines.
13.225............................................. 97-32 Florida Propeller.
13.226............................................. .......................................................
13.227............................................. 90-21 Carroll; 95-26 Hereth.
13.228............................................. 92-3 Park.
13.229............................................. .......................................................
13.230............................................. 92-19 Cornwall; 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
13.231............................................. 92-3 Park.
13.232............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-1 Costello; 92-18
Bargen; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28 Strohl; 94-28 Toyota; 95-
12 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-6 Ignatov; 98-18 General
Aviation.
13.233............................................. 89-1 Gressani; 89-4 Metz; 89-5 Schultz; 89-7 Zenkner;
89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-19 Continental Airlines;
90-20 Degenhardt; 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 90-35 P.
Adams; 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-39 Hart; 91-2
Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-7 Pardue; 91-8
Watts Agricultural Aviation; 91-10 Graham; 91-11
Continental Airlines; 91-12 Bargen; 91-24 Esau; 91-26
Britt Airways; 91-31 Terry & Menne; 91-32 Bargen; 91-
43 & 91-44 Delta; 91-45 Park; 91-46 Delta; 91-47
Delta; 91-48 Wendt; 91-52 KDS Aviation; 91-53 Koller;
92-1 Costello; 92-3 Park; 92-7 West; 92-11 Alilin; 92-
15 Dillman; 92-16 Wendt; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-27 Wendt; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay
Land Aviation; 92-36 Southwest Airlines; 92-39 Beck;
92-45 O'Brien; 92-52 Beck; 92-56 Montauk Caribbean
Airways; 92-57 Detroit Metro. Wayne Co. Airport; 92-67
USAir; 92-69 McCabe; 92-72 Giuffrida; 92-74 Wendt; 92-
78 TWA; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-7 Dunn;
93-8 Nunez; 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 93-23 Allen; 93-
27 Simmons; 93-28 Strohl; 93-31 Allen; 93-32 Nunez; 94-
9 B & G Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-
15 Columna; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-23 Perez; 94-24 Page;
94-26 French Aircraft; 94-28 Toyota; 95-2 Meronek; 95-
9 Woodhouse; 95-13 Kilrain; 95-23 Atlantic World
Airways; 95-25 Conquest; 95-26 Hereth; 96-1 [Airport
Operator; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 97-1 Midtown Neon
Sign; 97-2 Sanford Air; 97-7 Stalling; 97-22 Sanford
Air; 97-24 Gordon Air; 97-31 Sanford Air; 97-33
Rawlings; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-4 Larry's Flying
Service; 98-3 Fedele; Continental Airlines 98-6; LAX
98-7; 98-10 Rawlings; 98-15 Squire; 98-18 General
Aviation; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski; 98-20 Koenig.
13.234............................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 & 90-
38 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 95-
12 Toyota; 96-9 [Airport Operator]; 96-23 Kilrain.
13.235............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
Airlines; 90-15 Playter; 90-17 Wilson; 92-7 West.
Part 14............................................ 92-74 & 93-2 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
14.01.............................................. 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation.
14.04.............................................. 91-17, 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-10 Costello; 95-
27 Valley Air.
14.05.............................................. 90-17 Wilson.
14.12.............................................. 95-27 Valley Air.
14.20.............................................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 96-22 Woodhouse.
14.22.............................................. 93-29 Sweeney.
14.23.............................................. 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
14.26.............................................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 95-27 Valley Air.
14.28.............................................. 95-9 Woodhouse.
21.181............................................. 96-25 USAir.
21.303............................................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
25.787............................................. 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
25.855............................................. 92-37 Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
39.3............................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
43.3............................................... 92-73 Wyatt; 97-31 Sanford Air; 98-18 General Aviation.
43.5............................................... 96-18 Kilrain; 97-31 Sanford Air.
43.9............................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 97-31 Sanford Air; 98-
4 Larry's Flying Service.
[[Page 1867]]
43.13.............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 94-3 Valley Air, 94-38
Bohan; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-25 USAir; 97-9
Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines;
97-31 Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
43.15.............................................. 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 96-18 Kilrain.
65.15.............................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
65.92.............................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
91.7............................................... 97-8 Pacific Av.d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-16
Mauna Kea; 98-18 General Aviation.
91.8 (91.11 as of 8/18/90)......................... 92-3 Park.
91.9 (91.13 as of 8/18/90)......................... 90-15 Playter; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8
Watkins; 92-40 Wendt; 92-48 USAir; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-70 USAir; 93-9 Wendt; 93-17
Metcalf; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-29
Sutton; 95-26 Hereth; 96-17 Fenner.
91.11.............................................. 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-12 Stout.
91.29 (91.7 as of 8/18/90)......................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
91.65 (91.111 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-29 Sweeney; 94-21 Sweeney.
91.67 (91.113 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-29 Sweeney.
91.71.............................................. 97-11 Hampson.
91.75 (91.123 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-40 Wendt;
92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-9 Wendt.
91.79 (91.119 as of 8/18/90)....................... 90-15 Playter; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
91.87 (91.129 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins.
91.103............................................. 92-26 Hereth.
91.111............................................. 96-17 Fenner.
91.113............................................. 96-17 Fenner.
91.151............................................. 95-26 Hereth.
91.173 (91.417 as of 8/18/90)...................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
91.205............................................. 98-18 General Aviation.
91.213............................................. 97-11 Hampton.
91.403............................................. 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-31
Sanford Air
91.405............................................. 97-16 Mauna Kea; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-18
General Aviation.
91.407............................................. 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
91.417............................................. 98-18 General Aviation.
91.517............................................. 98-12 Stout.
91.703............................................. 94-29 Stutton.
105.29............................................. 98-3 Fedele; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
107.1.............................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-4
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 98-7
LAX.
107.9.............................................. 98-7 LAX
107.13............................................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport
Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
Operator]; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit
Metropolitan; 98-7 LAX.
107.20............................................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl; 97-20 Werle; 98-20 Koenig.
107.21............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-22 Degenhardt; 90-23
Broyles; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-39
Hart; 91-3 Lewis; 91-10 Graham; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38
Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59 Petek-Jackson;
94-5 Grant; 94-31 Smalling; 97-7 Stalling.
107.25............................................. 94-30 Columna.
108.5.............................................. 90-12 90-18, 90-19, 91-2 & 91-9 Continental Airlines;
91-33 Delta Air Lines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 91-55
Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 94-
44 American Airlines; 96-16 WestAir; 96-19 [Air
Carrier]; 98-22 Northwest Airlines.
108.7.............................................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
108.9.............................................. 98-22 Northwest Airlines.
108.10............................................. 96-16 WestAir.
108.11............................................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-26 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 94-44 American Airlines.
108.13............................................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
108.18............................................. 98-6 Continental Airlines.
121.133............................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines.
121.153............................................ 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West
Airlines; 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir; 97-21 Delta; 97-
30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
121.221............................................ 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
121.317............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg.
121.318............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
121.367............................................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 96-25 USAir.
121.571............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
121.575............................................ 98-11 TWA.
[[Page 1868]]
121.577............................................ 98-11 TWA.
121.589............................................ 97-12 Mayer.
121.628............................................ 95-11 Horizon; 97-21 Delta; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
Airlines.
135.1.............................................. 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-25 Conquest.
135.5.............................................. 94-3 Valley Air; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-25
Conquest; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.25............................................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-3 Valley Air; 95-27 Valley
Air 96-15 Valley Air.
135.63............................................. 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service;
95-28 Atlantic; 96-4 South Aero.
135.87............................................. 90-21 Carroll.
135.95............................................. 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.179............................................ 97-11 Hampton.
135.185............................................ 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
135.263............................................ 95-9 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
135.267............................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-
4 South Aero.
135.293............................................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-4 South Aero.
135.343............................................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.411............................................ 97-11 Hampton.
135.413............................................ 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/
a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-16 Mauna Kea.
135.421............................................ 93-36 Valley Air; 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.437............................................ 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
141.101............................................ 98-18 General Aviation.
145.1.............................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.3.............................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.25............................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.45............................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.47............................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.49............................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.53............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
145.57............................................. 94-2 Woodhouse; 97-9 Alphin; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
145.61............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
191................................................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 98-6 Continental Airlines.
298.1.............................................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
302.8.............................................. 90-22 USAir.
49 CFR:
1.47............................................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
171 et seq......................................... 95-10 Diamond.
171.2.............................................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
171.8.............................................. 92-77 TCI.
172.101............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown.
172.200............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown;
98-2 Carr.
172.202............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
172.203............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.204............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
172.300............................................ 94-31 Smalling, 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown; 98-2
Carr.
172.301............................................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
172.304............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
172.400............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
172.402............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.406............................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.1.............................................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
173.3.............................................. 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
173.6.............................................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.22(a).......................................... 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
173.24............................................. 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall.
173.25............................................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.27............................................. 92-77 TCI.
173.62............................................. 98-2 Carr.
173.115............................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.240............................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.243............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.260............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.266............................................ 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
175.25............................................. 94-31 Smalling.
191.5.............................................. 97-13 Westair Cummuter.
191.7.............................................. 97-13 Westair Commuter.
[[Page 1869]]
821.30............................................. 92-73 Wyatt..
821.33............................................. 90-21 Carroll.
Status:
5 U.S.C.:
504................................................ 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 92-74, 93-2 &
93-9 Wendt; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-17 TCI; 95-27 Valley
Air; 96-22 Woodhouse; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
552................................................ 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 93-10
Costello.
554................................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 95-12
Toyota.
556................................................ 90-21 Carroll; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
557................................................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-21 Carroll; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 94-28 Toyota.
705................................................ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
5332............................................... 95-27 Valley Air.
11 U.S.C.:
362................................................ 91-2 Continental Airlines.
28 U.S.C.:
2412............................................... 93-10 Costello; 96-22 Woodhouse.
2462............................................... 90-21 Carroll.
49 U.S.C.:
5123............................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 & 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2
Carr.
40102.............................................. 96-17 Fenner.
44701.............................................. 96-6 Ignatov; 96-17 Fenner.
44704.............................................. 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air.
46110.............................................. 96-22 Woodhouse; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign.
46301.............................................. 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 97-20 Werle.
46302.............................................. 98-24 Stevens.
46303.............................................. 97-7 Stalling.
49 U.S.C. App.:
1301(31) (operate)................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
(32) (person)...................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1356............................................... 90-18 & 90-19, 91-2 Continental Airlines.
1357............................................... 90-18, 90-19 & 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator].
1421............................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-48 USAir; 92-70 USAir; 93-9
Wendt.
1429............................................... 92-73 Wyatt.
1471............................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12, 90-
18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
& 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
90-39 Hart; 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-53 Killer; 92-5 Delta Air
Lines; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter;
92-51 Koblick; 92-74 Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-
20 Conquest Helicopters; 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 96-
6 Ignatov; 97-7 Stalling.
1472............................................... 96-6 Ignatov.
1475............................................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18, 90-
19 & 91-1 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
1486............................................... 90-21 Carroll; 96-22 Woodhouse.
1809............................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-12 Toyota.
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator Digests
(This digest includes all decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator from October 1, 1998, to December 31, 1998.)
The digests of the Administrator's final decisions and orders are
arranged by order number, and briefly summarize key points of the
decision. The following compilation of digests includes all final
decisions and orders issued by the Administrator from October 1, 1998,
to December 31, 1998. The FAA publishes non-cumulative supplements to
this compilation on a quarterly basis (e.g., April, July, October, and
January of each year).
These digests do not constitute legal authority, and should not be
cited or relied upon as such. The digests are not intended to serve as
a substitute for proper legal research. Parties, attorneys, and other
interested persons should always consult the full text of the
Administrator's decisions before citing them in any context.
In the Matter of General Aviation, Inc.
Order No. 98-18 (10/9/98)
Uncleared Mechanical Discrepancies. This case involves a company
that allegedly rented out to the public a Cessna with uncleared
mechanical discrepancies on numerous flights. The law judge found the
violations and assessed a $7,500 civil penalty. General Aviation
appealed.
Effect of Change in ALJ's and Late-Issued Decision. General
Aviation argues that a change in the law judges and a 3-month delay in
issuing the initial decision caused unacceptable delay and confusion.
According to the Chief administrative law judge's order reassigning the
case, reassignment was in the interest of judicial efficiency. If the
original law judge's caseload was so heavy that it delayed the hearing
the change in law judges may have expedited the case. As for alleged
confusion, General Aviation fails to specify what confusion occurred,
how it unfairly prejudiced General Aviation, and why General Aviation
failed to act to cure the alleged confusion. Arguably, confusion and
loss of detail were less likely because, rather than simply issuing an
oral decision at the end of the hearing, the law judge took the time to
obtain the transcript, review the record,
[[Page 1870]]
deliberate and issue a written decision. The law judge's decision is
more than 5 single-spaced decision, detailed, logical, and well-
supported by references to the record.
Airworthiness. Despite General Aviation's argument that the agency
failed to prove that the left fuel gauge was inoperative and the
aircraft unairworthy, General Aviation's President admitted both orally
and in writing that the left fuel gauge was unreliable and had been for
some time.
Squawk Sheet as Maintenance Record. General Aviation's argument
that the squawk sheet, on which a renter pilot had noted that several
mechanical discrepancies, did not constitute a maintenance record, is
rejected. It would defy logic and the agency's safety mandate to hold
that a record of mechanical discrepancies does not constitute a
maintenance record.
Tapping of Fuel Gauge Not Preventive Maintenance. Tapping on a fuel
gauge does not constitute preventive maintenance, as it is not listed
Appendix 4 to 14 CFR part 43.
Appropriateness of Sanction. General Aviation failed to preserve
the issue of financial hardship for appeal. It is too late to raise the
issue now, for the first time, on appeal. Under all the circumstances
of this case, a $7,500 penalty is appropriate. There were numerous
flights with an unairworthy aircraft (26 flights over the course of 19
days), repeated failures to correct the discrepancies, even after the
inspectors called the problem to General Aviation's attention, and
General Aviation had a prior violation. A $7,500 penalty is markedly
less than that suggested by the Sanction Guidance Table, and takes into
account the relatively small size of General Aviation's operation.
In the Matter of Peter A. Martin and James C. Jaworski
Order No. 98-19 (10/9/98)
Attorney Fees Case. In the underlying civil penalty action, the FAA
alleged that Martin and Jaworski parachuted too close to clouds, but
the law judge determined that even though the FAA made out a prima
facie case, it failed to prove the violations by a preponderance of the
evidence. Martin and Jaworski then filed an application to recover
their attorney fees, which the law judge denied, and Martin and
Jaworski have appealed.
Alleged Failure to Investigate Thoroughly as Violation of Due
Process. Although Martin and Jaworski fail to say who else the
inspectors should have interviewed and what they would have said that
would have made a difference. Martin and Jaworski also say the
inspectors failed to gather evidence--specifically, a videotape
Jaworski made of the jump and weather reports. But the inspectors did
view the videotape--they simply did not find it probative because they
had questions about its authenticity. If Martin and Jaworski believed
the videotape would exonerate them, they could have subpoenaed it and
introduced it themselves. Given the inspectors' certainty that they saw
the violations with their own eyes, it is not surprising that they did
not attempt to interview further witnesses or obtain weather reports.
FAA's Alleged Intent to Show Down Parachute Operations. Martin and
Jaworski have no evidence that the FAA had a nefarious purpose, which
was to shut down all parachute operations at the airport. The
inspectors did testify that the FAA had increased surveillance because
of complaints of safety violations by skydivers, but there is nothing
improper about this.
Alleged Failure to Provide Martin and Jaworski and Chance to
Replay. Under agency rules, applicants for attorney fees may file a
reply to the FAA's answer to their fee applications. Martin and
Jaworski had such an opportunity, but failed to do so.
Alleged Failure to Notify Martin and Jaworski of Withdrawal of
Appeal. Martin and Jaworski argue that the FAA must pay the fees they
incurred after the FAA withdrew its appeal in the underlying civil
penalty action because the agency failed to notify Martin and Jaworski
of its withdrawal. But the only work performed for Martin and Jaworski
after the FAA withdrew its appeal was 2 hours preparing the application
for fees. If Martin and Jaworski were not entitled to fees because the
agency was substantially justified, as here, they are not entitled to
fees incurred in preparing the application. Also, the agency did notify
Martin and Jaworski of its withdrawal. It served them personally, if
not their designated representative. Designation and notice of
withdrawal seem to have crossed in the mail.
In the Matter of Richard S. Koenig
Order No. 98-20 (10/9/98)
Alleged Failure to Submit to Security Screening. Koenig allegedly
failed to submit to security screening. The agency filed a motion for
decision arguing that Koenig admitted the violation in his answer to
the complaint. The law judge granted the motion, assessed the $500
civil penalty requested in the complaint, and Koenig appealed.
Motion to Dismiss Based on Allegedly Untimely Appeal Brief. The
agency filed a motion to dismiss Koenig's appeal, arguing that Koenig
failed to file a timely appeal brief. But the agency attorney failed to
take into account the mailing rule. Koenig's appeal brief is in fact
timely, so the motion to dismiss is denied.
Alleged Error in Concluding Koenig Admitted Violation. The law
judge did not err in finding the violation admitted. Koenig admitted
that he became impatient and angry, that he grabbed his backpack, which
was still setting at the entrance of the belt, and that he took off to
meet his flight. He further admitted that when the security people
called him back, he told them, ``Sorry, you had your chance and you
blew it.''
Alleged ALJ Conflict of Interest. Koenig argues that the law judge
is an FAA employee and has a conflict of interest. The law judges are
not employed by FAA, but by the Department of Transportation. Federal
courts have upheld the adjudicatory system used in FAA civil penalty
cases.
Alleged Violation as Too Small to Pursue. Despite Koenig's argument
that his violation is too small for the FAA to pursue, refusal to
submit to security screening is a serious matter. The screenings are
designed to prevent violence and terrorism aboard aircraft. The risk of
missing a flight can never justify violating security regulations.
In the Matter of Ottoe L. Blankson
Order No. 98-21 (10/9/98)
Late-Filed Appeal. Blankson filed his notice of appeal 11 days
late. The Administrator holds that Blankson failed to demonstrate good
cause for filing a late notice of appeal. Blankson claimed that the law
judge had mailed the order assessing civil penalty to his former
address in the Bronx with the wrong zip code for that address. However,
Blankson had not provided the law judge with his new address in
Georgia. Held: Blankson's negligence in not giving the law judge the
new address outweighs the law judge's inadvertent use of the wrong zip
code. Blankson's failure to provide the law judge with the change of
address reflects an unacceptable degree of diligence in the prosecution
of his appeal.
Dismissal of Request for Hearing. The Administrator holds, in the
alternative, that it was not error for the law judge to dismiss
Blankson's request for hearing. Blankson argued that he did not know
that he was required to respond to each allegation in the complaint
specifically. However, Rules of Practice require that a person filing
[[Page 1871]]
an answer respond to each numbered paragraph of the complaint, and
provide that a general denial is deemed a failure to file an answer. 14
CFR 13.209(e). This rule was summarized in the complaint as well as in
the law judges orders, including the Order Requiring a Proper Answer to
the Complaint. Consequently, Blankson should have known the
requirements for an answer.
In the Matter of Northwest Airlines, Inc.
Order No. 98-22 (11/10/98)
Appeal Denied. Northwest appealed from the assessment of a $40,000
civil penalty by the law judge for multiple violations of 14 CFR
108.5(a)(1) and 108.9(c). The Administrator rejects Northwest's
arguments that the sanction was excessive.
This case involves the failure by Northwest, through its
contractor, ITS, to adhere to certain requirements in Northwest's Air
Carrier Standard Security Program (ACSSP). Specifically, it was alleged
that over a three-day period, Northwest assigned an individual who was
not qualified to serve as a Checkpoint Security Supervisor (CSS) to the
CSS position at a particular checkpoint. Further, at another checkpoint
at the same airport, Northwest, through ITS, did not have an agent
working in the capacity of a CSS. Also, at yet another checkpoint, an
agent assigned to serve as the CSS was performing nonscreening duties,
and another employee was conducting screening duties although he was
not current on his recurrent training.
In its Answer, Northwest admitted the allegations contained in
Counts I-III of the Complaint. Subsequently, Northwest's counsel
submitted a letter to the law judge explaining that the parties had
agreed that the facts alleged in the Complaint will be deemed admitted
and that written briefs would be submitted on the issue of sanction.
Thus, no hearing was held in this matter. Northwest did not submit any
evidence to support the arguments that it made in its brief to justify
a reduction in the civil penalty. Unsubstantiated and unsupported
factual allegations by attorneys in briefs do not constitute evidence,
Hence, Northwest failed to prove that it had taken any corrective
action that warranted a reduction in the civil penalty. Furthermore,
even if Northwest had introduced the necessary evidence, Northwest's
arguments did not justify a reduction in the civil penalty. The
Administrator finds that due to the number and gravity of the
violations, a significant civil penalty is appropriate. The law judge
properly applied the guidance set forth in the Sanction Guidance Table
regarding these violations.
In the Matter of Instead Balloon Services
Order No. 98-23 (11/24/98)
Notice of Appeal Construed as a Brief. Instead Balloon Services
(IBS) failed to file a separate appeal brief. However, IBS's notice of
appeal was sufficiently detailed to be construed as an appeal brief.
Appeal Denied. The law judge regarded IBS's failure to appear at
the hearing (about which IBS has notice) as a constructive withdrawal
of its request for hearing. The Administrator rejected IBS's
explanation for its failure to attend the hearing--that the law judge's
prehearing rulings displayed a clear bias against IBS and that a ruling
against IBS at the hearing was a foregone conclusion. Held: The
Administrator could find no bias in the law judge's prehearing rulings.
Failure to appear at a hearing does not constitute an acceptable means
of protesting rulings by a law judge. The Administrator agrees with the
law judge--if IBS wanted a hearing, it should have taken the
opportunity that it was given.
In the Matter of Peter Stevens
Order No. 98-24 (12/18/98)
Appeal Denied. The Administrator denied Stevens appeal from the law
judge's initial decision findings that Stevens had violated 49 U.S.C.
46302 by giving false information about having a bomb in his suitcase
to a skycap at the airport. The Administrator found that the law judge
had addressed the circumstances in the record that led to his
conclusion that Stevens' words could reasonably be believed. Those
circumstances included two recent high-profile plan crashes, one
involving suspected sabotage, and security concerns connected with the
impending 50th anniversary of the United Nations and the Pope's visit.
The $500 civil penalty was affirmed.
In the Matter of Howard Gotbetter
Order No. 98-25 (12/23/98)
Interlocutory Appeal of Right Dismissed. Gotbetter filed what
purported to be an interlocutory appeal of right. However, Gotbetter
was not entitled to file an interlocutory appeal of right under 14
C.F.R. Sec. 13.219(c). Hence, the interlocutory appeal was dismissed,
and the case was remanded to the law judge, who was instructed to give
Gotbetter additional time in which to file an answer.
Commercial Reporting Services of the Administrator's Civil Penalty
Decisions and Orders
1. Commericial Publications: The Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty cases are available in the following commercial
publications:
Civil Penalty Cases Digest Service, published by Hawkins Publishing
Company, Inc. P.O. Box 480, Mayo, MD, 21106, (410) 798-1677;
Federal Aviation Decisions, Clark Boardman Callaghan, a subsidiary of
West Information Publishing Company, 50 Board Street East, Rochester,
NY 14694, 1-800-221-9428.
2. CD-ROM. The Administrator's orders and decisions are available
on CD-ROM through Aeroflight Publications, P.O. Box 854, 433 Main
Street, Gruver, TX 79040, (806) 733-2483.
3. On-Line Services. The Administrator's decisions and orders in
civil penalty cases are available through the following on-line
services:
Westlaw (the Database ID is FTRAN-FAA)
LEXIS [Transportation (TRANS) Library, FAA file.]
Compuserve
FedWorld
Docket
The FAA Hearing Docket is located at FAA Headquarters, 800
Independence Avenue, SW, Room 926A, Washington, DC, 20591 (tel. no.
202-267-3641.) The clerk of the FAA Hearing Docket is Ms. Stephanie
McCain. All documents required to be filed in civil penalty proceedings
must be filed with the FAA Hearing Docket Clerk at the FAA Hearing
Docket. (See 14 CFR 13.210.) Materials contained in the dockets of any
case not containing sensitive security information (protected by 14 CFR
Part 191) may be viewed at the FAA Hearing Docket.
In addition, materials filed in the FAA Hearing Docket in non-
security cases in which the complaints were filed on or after December
1, 1997, are available for inspection at the Department of
Transportation Docket, located at 400 7th Street, SW, Room PL-401,
Washington, DC, 20590, (tel. No. 202-366-9329.) While the originals
will be retained in the FAA Hearing Docket, the DOT Docket will scan
copies of documents in non-security cases in which the complaint was
filed after December 1, 1997, into their computer database. Individuals
who have access to the Internet can view the materials in these dockets
using the following Internet address: http://dms.dot.gov.
[[Page 1872]]
FAA Offices
The Administrator's decisions and orders, indexes, and digests are
available for public inspection and copying at the following location
in FAA headquarters: FAA Hearing Docket, Federal Aviation
Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW., room 924A, Washington, DC
20591; (202) 267-3641.
These materials are also available at all FAA regional and center
legal offices at the following locations:
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Aeronautical Center (AMC-7),
Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, 6500 South MacArthur Blvd., Oklahoma
City, OK 73125; (405) 954-3296.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Alaskan Region (AAL-7), Alaskan
Region Headquarters, 222 West 7th Avenue, Anchorage, AL 99513; (907)
271-5269.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Central Region (ACE-7), Central
Region Headquarters, 601 East 12th Street, Federal Building, Kansas
City, MO 64106; (816) 426-5446.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Eastern Region (AEA-7), Eastern
Region Headquarters, JFK International Airport, Federal Building,
Jamaica, NY 11430; (718) 553-3285.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Great Lakes Region (AGL-7), 2300
East Devon Avenue, Suite 419, Des Plaines, IL 60018; (708) 294-7108.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the New England Region (ANE-7), New
England Region Headquarters, 12 New England Executive Park, Room 401,
Burlington, MA 01803-5299; (617) 238-7050.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Northwest Mountain Region (ANM-
7), Northwest Mountain Region Headquarters, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW,
Renton WA 98055-4056; (425) 227-2007.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Southern Region (ASO-7),
Southern Region Headquarters, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA
30337; (404) 305-5200.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Southwest Region (ASW-7),
Southwest Region Headquarters, 2601 Meacham Blvd., Forth Worth, TX
76137-4298; (817) 222-5087.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Technical Center (ACT-7),
Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic City
International Airport, Atlantic City, NJ 08405; (609) 485-7087.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Western-Pacific Region (AWP-7),
Western-Pacific Region Headquarters, 15000 Aviation Boulevard,
Lawndale, CA 90261; (310) 725-7100.
Issued in Washington, DC on January 4, 1999.
James S. Dillman,
Assistant Chief Counsel for Litigation.
[FR Doc. 99-650 Filed 1-11-99; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M
