[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 205 (Tuesday, October 22, 1996)]
[Notices]
[Pages 54833-54846]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-27070]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Index of Administrator's Decisions and Orders in Civil Penalty
Actions; Publication
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of publication.
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SUMMARY: This notice constitutes the required quarterly publication of
an index of the Administrator's decisions and orders in civil penalty
cases. The FAA is publishing an index by order number, an index by
subject matter, and case digests that contain identifying information
about the final decisions and orders issued by the Administrator.
Publication of these indexes and digests is intended to increase the
public's awareness of the Administrator's decisions and orders. Also,
the publication of these indexes and digests should assist litigants
and practitioners in their research and review of decisions and orders
that may have precedential value in a particular civil penalty action.
Publication of the index by order number, as supplemented by the index
by subject matter, ensures that the agency is in compliance with
statutory indexing requirements.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
James S. Dillman, Assistant Chief Counsel for Litigation (AGC-400),
Federal Aviation Administration, 400 7th Street, SW., Suite PL201,
Washington, DC 20590: telephone (202) 366-4118.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Administrative Procedure Act requires
Federal agencies to maintain and make available for public inspection
and copying current indexes containing identifying information
regarding materials required to be made available or published. 5
U.S.C. 552(a)(2). In a notice issued on July 11, 1990, and published in
the Federal Register (55 FR 29148; July 17, 1990), the FAA announced
the public availability of several indexes and summaries that provide
identifying information about the decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator under the FAA's civil penalty assessment authority and
the rules of practice governing hearings and appeals of civil penalty
actions. 14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G.
The FAA maintains an index of the Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty actions organized by order number and
containing identifying information about each decision or order. The
FAA also maintains a subject-matter index, and digests organized by
order number.
In a notice issued on October 26, 1990, the FAA published these
indexes and digests for all decisions and orders
[[Page 54834]]
issued by the Administrator through September 30, 1990. 55 FR 45984;
October 31, 1990. The FAA announced in that notice that it would
publish supplements to these indexes and digests on a quarterly basis
(i.e., in January, April, July, and October of each year). The FAA
announced further in that notice that only the subject-matter index
would be published cumulatively, and that both the order number index
and the digests would be non-cumulative. Since that first index was
issued on October 26, 1990, the FAA has issued supplementary notices
containing the quarterly indexes of the Administrator's civil penalty
decisions.
The indexes of the Administrator's decisions and orders have been
published as follows:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dates of quarter Federal Register publication
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11/1/89-9/30/90.................. 55 FR 45984; 10/31/90.
10/1/90-12/31/90................. 56 FR 44886; 2/6/91.
1/1/91-3/31/91................... 56 FR 20250; 5/2/91.
4/1/91-6/30/91................... 56 FR 31984; 7/12/91.
7/1/91-9/30/91................... 56 FR 51735; 10/15/91.
10/1/91-12/31/91................. 57 FR 2299; 1/21/92.
1/1/92-3/31/92................... 57 FR 12359; 4/9/92.
4/1/92-6/30/92................... 57 FR 32825; 7/23/92.
7/1/92-9/30/92................... 57 FR 48255; 10/22/92.
10/1/92-12/31/92................. 58 FR 5044; 1/19/93.
1/1/93-3/31/93................... 58 FR 21199; 4/19/93.
4/1/93-6/30/93................... 58 FR 42120; 8/6/93.
7/1/93-9/30/93................... 58 FR 58218; 10/29/93.
10/1/93-12/31/93................. 59 FR 5466; 2/4/94.
1/1/94-3/31/94................... 59 FR 22196; 4/29/94.
4/1/94-6/30/94................... 59 FR 39618; 8/3/94.
7/1/94-12/31/94.................. 60 FR 4454; 1/23/95.
1/1/95-3/31/95................... 60 FR 19318; 4/17/95.
4/1/95-6/30/95................... 60 FR 36854; 7/18/95.
7/1/95-9/30/95................... 60 FR 53228; 10/12/95.
10/1/95-12/31/95................. 61 FR 1972; 1/24/96.
1/1/96-3/31/96................... 61 FR 16955; 4/18/96.
4/1/96-6/30/96................... 61 FR 37526; 7/18/96.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the notice published on January 19, 1993, the Administrator
announced that for the convenience of the users of these indexes, the
order number index published at the end of the year would reflect all
of the civil penalty decisions for that year. 58 FR 5044; 1/19/93. The
order number indexes for the first, second, and third quarters would be
non-cumulative.
The Administrator's final decisions and orders, indexes, and
digests are available for public inspection and copying at all FAA
legal offices. (The addresses of the FAA legal offices are listed at
the end of this notice.)
Also, the Administrator's decisions and orders have been published
by commercial publishers and are available on computer databases.
(Information about these commercial publications and computer databases
is provided at the end of this notice.)
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Order Number Index
(This index includes all decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator from July 1, 1996, to September 30, 1996.)
96-20 Donald M. Missilrian, 7/31/96, CP95WP0282
96-21 Matthew Houseal, 8/2/96, CP95EA0302
96-22 Mary Woodhouse, 8/13/96, CP94WP0184, 94EAJAWP0017
96-23 Thomas Kilrain, 8/13/96, CP94NE0268
96-24 Horizon Air Industries, 8/13/96, CP94NM0228
96-25 USAir, Inc., 8/13/96, CP94EA0045
96-26 Midtown Neon Sign Corp., 8/13/96, CP94EA0057
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Subject Matter Index
Administrative Law Judges--Power and Authority:
Authority to extend deadlines...................... 95-28 Atlantic.
Continuance of hearing............................. 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-29 Haggland.
Credibility findings............................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley
Air; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental; 95-25 Conquest;
95-26 Hereth.
Default Judgment................................... 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-47 Cornwall; 94-8 Nunez;
94-22 Harkins; 94-28 Toyota; 95-10 Diamond.
Discovery.......................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-10 Costello.
Expert Testimony................................... 94-21 Sweeney.
Granting extensions of time........................ 90-27 Gabbert.
Hearing location................................... 92-50 Cullop.
Hearing request.................................... 93-12 Langton; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37
Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Initial Decision................................... 92-1 Costello; 92-32 Barnhill.
Jurisdiction:
Generally...................................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-1 Costello; 92-32
Barnhill.
After issuance of order assessing civil penalty 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
After complaint withdrawn.......................... 94-39 Kirola.
Motion for Decision................................ 92-73 Wyatt; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-11
Merkley; 96-24 Horizon.
Notice of Hearing.................................. 92-31 Eaddy.
Sanction........................................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 94-22
Harkins; 94-28 Toyota.
Vacate initial decision............................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-32 Barnhill; 95-6 Sutton.
Aerial Photography..................................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters.
Agency Attorney........................................ 93-13 Medel.
Air Carrier:
Agent/independent contractor of.................... 92-70 USAir.
Careless or Reckless............................... 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Duty of care: Non-delegable........................ 92-70 USAir; 93-16 Westair Commuter; 96-24 Horizon.
Employee........................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Ground Security Coordinator, Failure to provide.... 96-16 WestAir Commuter.
Aircraft Maintenance (see also Airworthiness,
Maintenance Manual):
[[Page 54835]]
Generally.......................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 93-36 & 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38 Bohan; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Acceptable methods, techniques, and practices...... 96-3 America West Airlines.
After certificate revocation....................... 92-73 Wyatt.
Airworthiness Directive, compliance with........... 96-18 Kilrain.
Inspection......................................... 96-18 Kilrain.
Major/minor repairs................................ 96-3 America West Airlines.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL)....................... 94-38 Bohan; 95-11 Horizon.
Aircraft Records:
Aircraft Operation................................. 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Flight and Duty Time............................... 96-4 South Aero.
Maintenance Records................................ 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse.
``Yellow tags''.................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Aircraft--Weight and Balance: (See Weight and Balance)
Airmen:
Pilots............................................. 91-12 & 91-31 Tarry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 93-17 Metcalf.
Altitude deviation................................. 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Careless or Reckless............................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf; 93-
29 Sweeney; 96-17 Fenner.
Flight time limitations............................ 93-11 Merkley.
Follow ATC Instruction............................. 91-12 & 91-91 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp.
Low Flight......................................... 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
Owner's responsibility............................. 96-17 Fenner.
See and Avoid...................................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Air Operations Area (AOA):
Air Carrier Responsibilities....................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta Air Lines; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
Airport Operator Responsibilities.................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator].
Badge Display...................................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-33 Delta Air Lines.
Definition of...................................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
58 [Airport Operator].
Exclusive Areas.................................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
58 [Airport Operator].
Airport Security Program (ASP):
Compliance with.................................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 96-1
[Airport Operator].
Airport Operator Responsibilities.................. 90-12 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator].
Air Traffic Control (ATC):
Error as mitigating factor......................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne.
Error as exonerating factor........................ 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-50 Wendt.
Ground Control..................................... 91-12 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Local Control...................................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Tapes & Transcripts................................ 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shrimp.
Airworthiness.......................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 94-2 Woodhouse; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-18 Kilrain; 94-
25 USAir.
Amicus Curiae Briefs................................... 90-25 Gabbert.
Answer:
Timeliness of answer............................... 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-47
Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-5
Grant; 94-29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 94-43 Perez; 95-10
Diamond; 95-28 Atlantic.
What constitutes................................... 92-32 Barnhill; 92-75 Beck.
Appeals (See also Timeliness; Mailing Rule):
Briefs, Generally.................................. 89-4 Metz; 91-45 Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-39 Beck; 93-24 Steel City Aviation; 93-28 Strohl;
94-23 Perez; 95-13 Kilrain.
Additional Appeal Brief............................ 92-3 Park; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-28
Strohl; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft; 91-18 Luxemburg; 94-
29 Sutton.
Appeal dismissed as premature...................... 95-19 Rayner.
Appeal dismised as moot after complaint withdrawn.. 92-9 Griffin.
Appellate arguments................................ 92-70 USAir.
[[Page 54836]]
Court of Appeals, appeal to (See Federal Courts).
Good Cause for Late-Filing......................... 90-3 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 90-39 Hart; 91-10 Graham; 91-
24 Easu; 91-48 Wendt; 91-50 & 91-1 Costello; 92-3
Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 92-41 Moore & Sabre
Associates; 92-52 Beck; 92-57 Detroit Metro Wayne Co.
Airport; 92-69 McCabe; 93-23 Allen; 93-27 Simmons; 93-
31 Allen; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-25
Conquest.
Motion to Vacate construed as a brief.............. 91-11 Continental Airlines.
Perfecting an Appeal, generally.................... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-39 Beck; 94-23
Perez; 95-13 Kilrain; 96-5 Alphin Aircraft.
Extension of Time for (good cause for)......... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-26 Britt Airways; 91-
32 Bargen; 91-50 Costello; 93-2 & 93-3 Wendt; 93-24
Steel City Aviation; 93-32 Nunez.
Failure to..................................... 89-1 Gressani; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-11 Thunderbird
Accessories; 90-35 P. Adams; 90-39 Hart; 91-7 Pardue;
91-10 Graham; 91-20 Bargen; 91-43, 91-44, 91-46 & 91-
47 Delta Air Lines; 92-11 Alilin; 92-15 Dillman; 92-18
Bargen; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay Land Aviation; 92-36
Southwest Airlines; 92-45 O'Brien; 92-56 Montauk
Caribbean Airways; 92-67 USAir; 92-68 Weintraub; 92-78
TWA; 93-7 Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-20 Smith; 93-23 & 93-31
Allen; 93-34 Castle Aviation; 93-35 Steel City
Aviation; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-24 Page; 94-26 French
Aircraft; 94-34 American International Airways; 94-35
American International Airways; 94-36 American
International Airways; 95-4 Hanson; 95-22 & 96-5
Alphin Aircraft; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 96-13 Winslow.
What Constitutes................................... 90-4 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-45 Park; 92-7 West; 92-17
Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 93-7 Dunn; 94-15 Columna; 94-23
Perez; 94-30 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23 Atlantic
World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian.
Service of brief:
Failure to serve a party....................... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall.
Timeliness of Notice of Appeal..................... 90-3 Metz; 90-39 Hart; 91-50 Costello; 92-7 West; 92-69
McCabe; 93-27 Simmons; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse;
95-15 Alphin Aviation; 96-14 Midtown Neo Sign Corp.
Withdrawal of...................................... 89-2 Lincoln-Walker; 89-3 Sittko; 90-4 Nordrum; 90-5
Sussman; 90-6 Dabaghian; 90-7 Steele; 90-8 Jenkins; 90-
9 Van Zandt; 90-13 O'Dell; 90-14 Miller; 90-28 Puleo;
90-29 Sealander; 90-30 Steidinger; 90-34 D. Adams; 90-
40 & 90-41 Westair Commuter Airlines; 91-1 Nestor; 91-
5 Jones; 91-6; Lowery; 91-13 Kreamer; 91-14 Swanton;
91-15 Knipe; 91-16 Lopez; 91-19 Bayer; 91-21 Britt
Airways; 91-22 Omega Silicone Co.; 91-23 Continental
Airlines; 91-25 Sanders; 91-27 Delta Air Lines; 91-28
Continental Airlines; 91-29 Smith; 91-34 GASPRO; 91-35
M. Graham; 91-36; Howard; 91-37 Vereen; 91-39 America
West; 91-42 Pony Express; 91-49 Shields; 91-56 Mayhan;
91-57 Britt Airways; 91-59 Griffin; 91-60 Brinton; 92-
2 Koller; 92-4 Delta Air Lines; 92-6 Rothgeb; 92-12
Bertetto; 92-20 Delta Air Lines; 92-21 Cronberg; 92-
22, 92-23, 92-24, 92-25, 92-26 & 92-28 Delta Air
Lines; 92-33 Port Authority of NY & NJ; 92-42 Jayson;
92-43 Delta Air Lines; 92-44 Owens; 92-53 Humble; 92-
54 & 92-55 Northwest Airlines; 92-60 Costello; 92-61
Romerdahl; 92-62 USAir; 92-63 Schaefer; 92-64 & 92-65
Delta Air Lines; 92-66 Sabre Associates & Moore; 92-79
Delta Air Lines; 93-1 Powell & Co.; 93-4 Harrah; 93-14
Fenske; 93-15 Browne; 93-21 Delta Air Lines; 93-22
Yannotone; 93-26 Delta Air Lines; 93-33 HPH Aviation;
94-9 B & G Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-11 Pan
American Airways; 94-13 Boyle; 94-14 B & G
Instruments; 94-16 Ford; 94-33 Trans World Airlines;
94-41 Dewey Towner; 94-42 Taylor; 95-1 Diamond
Aviation; 95-3 Delta Air Lines; 95-5 Araya; 95-6
Sutton; 95-7 Empire Airlines; 95-20 USAir; 95-21
Faisca; 95-24 Delta Air Lines; 96-7 Delta Air Lines;
96-8 Empire Airlines; 96-10 USAir; 96-11 USAir; 96-12
USAir; 96-21 Houseal.
Assault (see also Passenger Misconduct)................ 96-6 Ignatov.
``Attempt''............................................ 89-5 Schultz.
Attorney Conduct:
``Obstreperous or Disruptive....................... 94-39 Kirola.
Attorney Fees (See EAJA).
Aviation Safety Reporting System....................... 90-39 Hart; 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp.
Balloon (Hot Air)...................................... 94-2 Woodhouse.
Bankruptcy............................................. 91-2 Continental Airlines.
Battery................................................ 96-6 Ignatov.
Certificates and Authorizations:
Surrender when revoked............................. 92-73 Wyatt.
Civil Air Security National Airport:
Inspection Program (CASNAIP)....................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator].
[[Page 54837]]
Civil Penalty Amount (See Sanction).
Closing Argument (See Final Oral Argument).
Collateral Estoppel.................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Complaint:
Complainant Bound By............................... 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller.
No Timely Answer to. (See Answer).
Partial Dismissal/Full Sanction.................... 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Timeliness of complaint............................ 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth; 94-5 Grant.
Withdrawal of...................................... 94-39 Kirola; 95-6 Sutton.
Compliance & Enforcement Program:
(FAA Order No. 2150.3A)............................ 89-5 Schultz; 89-6 American Airlines; 91-38 Esau; 92-5
Delta Air Lines.
Compliance/Enforcement Bulletins No. 92-3.......... 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Sanction Guidance Table............................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-37
Northwest Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 92-5 Delta Air Lines.
Concealment of Weapons (See Weapons Violations).
Consolidation of Cases................................. 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
Constitutionality (See also Double Jeopardy)........... 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
96-1 [Airport Operator]; 96-25 USAir.
Continuance of Hearing................................. 90-25 Gabbert; 92-29 Haggland.
Corrective Action (See Sanction)
Credibility of Witnesses:
Generally.......................................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters; 95-26 Hereth.
Defer to ALJ determination of...................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 95-26 Hereth.
Expert witnesses (See also Witnesses).............. 90-27 Gabbert; 93-17 Metcalf; 96-3 American West
Airlines.
Impeachment........................................ 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
De facto answer........................................ 92-32 Barnhill.
Deliberative Process Privilege......................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Deterrence............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service.
Discovery:
Deliberative Process Privilege..................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Depositions, generally............................. 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Notice of deposition........................... 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Failure to Produce................................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation;
93-10 Costello.
Sanction for................................... 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Regarding Unrelated Case........................... 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
Double Jeopardy........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-26 Midtown.
Due Process:
Before finding a violation......................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Violation of....................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator].
EAJA:
Adversary Adjudication............................. 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 91-52 KDS Aviation; 94-17 TCI; 95-
12 Toyota.
Amount of award.................................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Appeal from ALJ decision........................... 95-9 Woodhouse.
Expert witness fees................................ 95-27 Valley Air.
Final disposition.................................. 96-22 Woodhouse.
Further proceedings................................ 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Jurisdiction over appeal........................... 92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
Late-filed application......................... 96-22 Woodhouse.
Other expenses..................................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Postion of agency.................................. 95-27 Valley Air.
Prevailing party................................... 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Special circumstances.............................. 95-18 Pacific Sky.
Substantial justification.......................... 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-9 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific
Sky; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
Supplementation of application..................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Evidence (See Proof & Evidence).
Ex Parte Communications................................ 93-10 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-19 Rayner.
Expert Witnesses (See Witness).
Extension of Time:
By Agreement of Parties............................ 89-6 American Airlines; 92-41 Moore & Sabre Associates.
Dismissal by Decisionmaker......................... 89-7 Zenkner; 90-39 Hart.
Good Cause for..................................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories.
Objection to....................................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 93-3 Wendt.
Who may grant...................................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Federal Courts......................................... 92-7 West.
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure....................... 91-17 KDS Aviation.
Federal Rules of Evidence (See also Proof & Evidence):
Admissions......................................... 96-25 USAir.
[[Page 54838]]
Settlement Offers.................................. 95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir.
Subsequent Remedial Measures....................... 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Final Oral Argument.................................... 92-3 Park.
Firearms (See Weapons).
Ferry Flights.......................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Flight & Duty Time:
Circumstances beyond crew's control:
Generally...................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Foreseeability................................. 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Late freight................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Weather........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Competency check flights........................... 96-4 South Aero.
Limitation of Duty Time............................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
Limitation of Flight Time.......................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
``Other commercial flying''.................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Flights................................................ 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Freedom of Information Act............................. 93-10 Costello.
Fuel Exhaustion........................................ 95-26 Hereth.
Guns (See Weapons).
Ground Security Coordinator, (See also Air Carrier;
Standard Security Program):
Failure to provide................................. 96-16 WestAir Commuter.
Hazardous Materials:
Transportation of, generally....................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 92-77
TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling;
95-12 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
Civil Penalty, generally........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
96-25 Midtown.
Corrective Action.............................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota.
Culpability.................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
Financial hardship............................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Installment plan........................... 95-16 Mulhall.
First-time violation........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
Gravity of violation........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown.
Minimum penalty................................ 95-16 Mulhall.
Criminal Penalty................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling.
EAJA, applicability of............................. 94-17 TCI; 95-12 Toyota.
Individual violations.............................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Knowingly.......................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-31 Smalling.
Informal Conference.................................... 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Initial Decision: What constitutes..................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Interference with crewmembers (see also Passenger 92-3 Park; 96-6 Ignatov.
Misconduct; Assault).
Interlocutory Appeal............................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 93-37
Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan.
Internal FAA Policy &/or Procedures.................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 92-
73 Wyatt.
Jurisdiction:
After initial decision............................. 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28
Strohl.
After Order Assessing Civil Penalty................ 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
After withdrawal of complaint...................... 94-39 Kirola.
$50,000 Limit...................................... 90-12 Continental Airlines.
EAJA cases......................................... 92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
HazMat cases....................................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
NTSB............................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
Knowledge of concealed weapon (See also Weapons 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Violation).
Laches (See Unreasonable Delay).
Mailing Rule, generally................................ 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-39 Hart.
Overnight express delivery......................... 89-6 American Airlines.
Maintenance (See Aircraft Maintenance).
Maintenance Instruction................................ 93-36 Valley Air.
Maintenance Manual..................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 96-25 USAir.
Air carrier maintenance manual..................... 96-3 American West Airlines.
Approved/accepted repairs.......................... 96-3 American West Airlines.
Manufacturer's maintenance manual.................. 96-3 American West Airlines.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL) (See Aircraft
Maintenance).
Mootness, appeal dismissed as moot..................... 92-9 Griffin; 94-17 TCI.
National Aviation Safety Inspection Program (NASIP).... 96-16 Rocky Mountain.
National Transportation Safety Board:
Administrator not bound by NTSB case law........... 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-18
Westair Communter.
Lack of Jurisdiction............................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-17 Wilson; 92-74
Wendt.
Notice of Hearing: Receipt............................. 92-31 Eaddy.
Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty:
Initiates Action................................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Signature of agency attorney....................... 93-12 Langton.
[[Page 54839]]
Withdrawal of...................................... 90-17 Wilson.
Operate, generally..................................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
17 Fenner.
Responsibility of aircraft owner/operator for 96-17 Fenner.
actions of pilot.
Oral Argument before Administrator on appeal:
Decision to hold................................... 92-16 Wendt.
Instructions for................................... 92-27 Wendt.
Order Assessing Civil Penalty:
Appeal from........................................ 92-1 Costello; 95-19 Rayner.
Timeliness of request for hearing.................. 95-19 Rayner.
Withdrawal of...................................... 89-4 Metz; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 95-19
Rayner.
Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA): Failure to obtain... 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Passenger Misconduct................................... 92-3 Park.
Assault............................................ 96-6 Ignatov.
Interference with a crewmember..................... 96-6 Ignatov.
Smoking............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
Penalty (See Sanction; Hazardous Materials).
Person................................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Proof & Evidence (See also Federal Rules of Evidence):
Affirmative Defense................................ 92-13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida.
Burden of Proof.................................... 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 92-
13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 93-29 Sweeney.
Circumstantial Evidence............................ 90-12, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 93-29
Sweeney; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Credibility (See Administrative Law Judges;
Credibility of Witnesses).
Criminal standard rejected......................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Closing Arguments (See also Final Oral Argument)... 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Extra-record material.............................. 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
Hearsay............................................ 92-72 Giuffrida.
Preponderance of evidence.......................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
Airlines; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72
Giuffrida.
Presumption that message on ATC tape is received as 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
transmitted.
Presumption that gun is deadly or dangerous........ 90-26 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo.
Presumption that owner gave pilot permission....... 96-17 Fenner.
Prima facie case................................... 95-26 Hereth, 96-3 America West.
Settlement offer................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir.
Subsequent remedial measures....................... 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Substantial evidence............................... 92-72 Giuffrida.
Prima Facie Case (See also Proof & Evidence)........... 95-26 Hereth; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Pro Se Parties: Special Considerations................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 95-25
Conquest.
Prosecutorial Discretion............................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-38
Continental Airlines; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-46
Sutton-Sautter; 92-73 Wyatt; 95-17 Larry's Flying
Service.
Reconsideration:
Denied by ALJ...................................... 89-4 & 90-3 Metz.
Granted by ALJ..................................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Petition based on new material..................... 96-23 Kilrain.
Repetitious petitions.............................. 96-9 [Airport Operator].
Stay of Order Pending.............................. 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
Remand............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-24
Bayer; 91-51 Hagwood; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 91-1
Costello; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-37 Houston.
Repair Station..................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 92-10 Flight Unlimited;
94-2 Woodhouse.
Request for Hearing.................................... 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Rules of Practice (14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G):
Applicability of................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS
Aviation.
Challenges to...................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Contenental Airlines; 90-21
Carroll; 90-37 Northwest Airlines.
Effect of Changes in............................... 90-21 Carroll; 90-22 USAir; 90-38 Continental Airlines.
Initiation of Action............................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Runway incursions...................................... 92-40 Wendt; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Sanction:
Ability to Pay..................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-10
Flight Unlimited; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-37 & 92-72
Giuffrida; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51
Koblick; 93-10 Costello; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft
Rental; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service.
Agency policy:
ALJ Bound by................................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-19
[Air Carrier].
Statements of (e.g., FAA Order 2150.3A, 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato;
Sanction Guidance Table, memoranda pertaining 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-4
to). South Aero; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-25 USAir.
[[Page 54840]]
Consistency with Precedent......................... 96-6 Ignatov; 96-26 Midtown.
But when precedent is based on superceded 96-19 [Air Carrier].
sanction policy.
Corrective Action.................................. 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-
41 [Airport Operator]; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 93-18
Westair Commuter; 94-28 Toyota; 96-4 South Aero; 96-19
[Air Carrier].
Discovery (See Discovery).
Factors to consider................................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
91-3 Lewis; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-28
Toyota; 95-11 Horizon; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-26
Midtown.
First-Time Offenders............................... 89-5 Schultz; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 92-51 Koblick.
HazMat (See Hazardous Materials).
Inexperience....................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
Installment Payments............................... 95-16 Mulhall; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
Maintenance........................................ 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Maximum............................................ 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Minimum (HazMat)................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
Modified........................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-38
Esau; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-13 Delta Air Lines;
92-32 Barnhill.
Partial Dismissal of Complaint/Full Sanction (See 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
also Complaint).
Sanctions in specific cases:
Pilot Deviation................................ 92-8 Watkins.
Test object detection.......................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air
Carrier].
Unauthorized access............................ 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
94-1 Delta Air Lines.
Weapons violations............................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-
32 Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-5
Grant.
Screening of Persons:
Air Carrier failure to detect weapon Sanction...... 94-44 American Airlines.
Entering Sterile Areas............................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl.
Security (See Screening of Persons, Standard Security
Program, Test Object Detection, Unauthorized Access,
Weapons Violations).
Separation of Functions................................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
Continental Airlines; 93-13 Medel.
Service (See also Mailing Rule; Receipt):
Of NPCP............................................ 90-22 USAir.
Of FNPCP........................................... 93-13 Medel.
Receipt of document sent by mail................... 92-31 Eaddy.
Valid Service...................................... 92-18 Bargen.
Settlement............................................. 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall.
Smoking................................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg.
Standard Security Program (SSP):
Compliance with.................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta
Air Lines; 91-55 Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1
Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Ground Security Coordinator........................ 96-16 Westair Commuter.
Stay of Orders......................................... 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
Pending judicial review............................ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
Strict Liability....................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-18 [Airport Operator];
91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator].
Test Object Detection.................................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-9 & 91-55 Continental Airlines;
92-13 Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Proof of violation................................. 90-18, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 92-13 Delta
Air Lines.
Sanction........................................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air
Carrier].
Timeliness (See also Complaint; Mailing Rule; and
Appeals):
Of response to NPCP................................ 90-22 USAir.
Of complaint....................................... 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth.
Of NPCP............................................ 92-73 Wyatt.
Of request for hearing............................. 93-12 Langton; 95-19 Rayner.
Of EAJA application (See EAJA-Final disposition,
EAJA-Jurisdiction).
Unapproved Parts (See also Parts Manufacturer Approval) 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Unauthorized Access:
To Aircraft........................................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 94-1 Delta Air
Lines.
To Air Operations Area (AOA)....................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
Unreasonable Delay in Initiating Action................ 90-21 Carroll.
Visual Cues Indicating Runway, Adequacy of............. 92-40 Wendt.
Weapons Violations, generally.......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23
Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3
Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59
Petek-Jackson; 94-5 Grant; 94-44 American Airlines.
[[Page 54841]]
Concealed weapon................................... 89-5 Schultz; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick.
``Deadly or Dangerous''............................ 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau.
First-time Offenders............................... 89-5 Schultz.
Intent to commit violation......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-53 Koller.
Knowledge of Weapon Concealment (See also 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Knowledge).
Sanction (See Sanction).
Weight and Balance..................................... 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Witnesses (See also Credibility):
Absence of, Failure to subpoena.................... 92-3 Park.
Expert testimony: Evaluation of.................... 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-21 Sweeney; 96-3
America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air.
Expert witness fees (See EAJA).
Regulations (Title 14 CFR, unless otherwise noted):
1.1 (maintenance).................................. 94-38 Bohan.
1.1 (major repair)................................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (minor repair)................................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (operate)...................................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
17 Fenner.
1.1 (person)....................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1.1 (propeller).................................... 96-15 Valley Air.
13.16.............................................. 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 90-38 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-1 Costello; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-27
Larsen; 94-37 Houston; 94-31 Smalling; 95-19 Rayner;
96-26 Midtown.
13.201............................................. 90-12 Continental Airlines.
13.202............................................. 90-6 American Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment.
13.203............................................. 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
Continental Airlines.
13.204
13.205............................................. 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-32 Barnhill; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan;
94-39 Kirola; 95-16 Mulhall.
13.206
13.207............................................. 94-39 Kirola.
13.208............................................. 90-21 Carroll; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-73 Wyatt; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-7 Hereth.
13.209............................................. 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 92-
32 Barnhill; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 93-7 Dunn; 94-8 Nunez; 94-5 Grant; 94-22
Harkins; 94-29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 95-10 Diamond;
95-28 Valley Air.
13.210............................................. 92-19 Cronwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-
7 Dunn; 93-28 Strohl; 94-5 Grant; 94-30 Columna; 95-28
Valley Air; 96-17 Fenner.
13.211............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39 Hart; 91-24 Esau; 92-1
Costello; 92-9 Griffin; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-57 Detroit Metro Wayne County Airport; 92-74 Wendt;
92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-2 Wendt; 94-5 Grant; 94-18
Luxemburg; 94-29 Sutton; 95-12 Toyota; 95-28 Valley
Air.
13.212............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-2 Continental
Airlines.
13.213
13.214............................................. 91-3 Lewis.
13.215............................................. 93-28 Strohl; 94-39 Kirola.
13.216
13.217............................................. 91-17 KDS Aviation.
13.218............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-39 Hart; 92-9 Griffin; 92-73 Wyatt; 93-19 Pacific
Sky Supply; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37 Houston;
95-18 Rayner; 96-16 WestAir; 96-24 Horizon.
13.219............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-
54 Alaska Airlines; 93-37 Airspect; 94-32 Detroit
Metro. Wayne Airport.
13.220............................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-20 Carroll; 91-8 Watts
Agricultural Aviation; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
13.221............................................. 92-29 Haggland; 92-31 Eaddy; 92-52 Cullop.
13.222............................................. 92-72 Giuffrida; 96-15 Valley Air.
13.223............................................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72 Giuffrida; 95-26
Hereth; 96-15 Valley Air.
13.224............................................. 90-26 Waddell; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 92-72
Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-28 Toyota; 95-25
Conquest; 96-17 Fenner.
13.225 .......................................................
13.226 .......................................................
13.227............................................. 90-21 Carroll; 95-26 Hereth.
13.228............................................. 92-3 Park.
[[Page 54842]]
13.229 .......................................................
13.230............................................. 92-19 Cornwall; 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
13.231............................................. 92-32 Park.
13.232............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-1 Costello; 92-18
Bargen; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28 Strohl; 94-28 Toyota; 95-
12 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-6 Ignatov.
13.233............................................. 89-1 Gressani; 89-4 Metz; 89-5 Schultz; 89-7 Zenkner;
89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-19 Continental Airlines;
90-20 Degenhardt; 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 90-35 P.
Adams; 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-39 Hart; 91-2
Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-7 Pardue; 91-8
Watts Agricultural Aviation; 91-10 Graham; 91-11
Continental Airlines; 91-12 Bargen; 91-24 Esau; 91-26
Britt Airways; 91-31 Terry & Menne; 91-32 Bargen; 91-
43 & 91-44 Delta; 91-45 Park; 91-46 Delta; 91-45 Park;
91-46 Delta; 91-47 Delta; 91-48 Wendt; 91-52 KDS
Aviation; 91-53 Koller; 92-1 Costello; 92-3 Park; 92-7
West; 92-11 Alilin; 92-15 Dillman; 92-16 Wendt; 92-18
Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-27 Wendt; 92-32 Barnhill;
92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay Land Aviation; 92-36
Southwest Airlines; 92-39 Beck; 92-45 O'Brien; 92-52
Beck; 92-56 Montauk Caribbean Airways; 92-57 Detroit
Metro. Wayne Co. Airport; 92-67 USAir; 92-69 McCabe;
92-72 Giuffrida; 92-74 Wendt; 92-78 TWA; 93-5 Wendt;
93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-7 Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-19
Pacific Sky Supply; 93-23 Allen; 93-27 Simmons; 93-28
Strohl; 93-31 Allen; 93-32 Nunez; 94-9 B & G
Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-15
Columna; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-23 Perez; 94-24 Page; 94-
26 French Aircraft; 94-28 Toyota; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9
Woodhouse; 95-13 Kilrain; 95-23 Atlantic World
Airways; 95-25 Conquest; 95-26 Hereth; 96-1 [Airport
Operator]; 96-2 Skydiving Center.
13.234............................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 & 90-
38 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 95-
12 Toyota; 96-9 [Airport Operator]; 96-23 Kilrain.
13.235............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
Airlines; 90-15 Playter; 90-17 Wilson; 92-7 West.
Part 14............................................ 92-74 & 93-2 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
14.01.............................................. 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation.
14.04.............................................. 91.17, 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-10 Costello; 95-
27 Valley Air.
14.05.............................................. 90-17 Wilson.
14.12.............................................. 95-27 Valley Air.
14.20.............................................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 96-22 Woodhouse.
14.22.............................................. 93-29 Sweeney.
14.26.............................................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 95-27 Valley Air.
14.28.............................................. 95-9 Woodhouse.
21.181............................................. 96-25 USAir.
21.303............................................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
25.855............................................. 92-37 Giuffrida.
39.3............................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
43.3............................................... 92-73 Wyatt.
43.5............................................... 96-18 Kilrain.
43.9............................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
43.13.............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38
Bohan; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-25 USAir.
43.15.............................................. 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 96-18 Kilrain.
65.15.............................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
65.92.............................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
91.8 (91.11 as of 8/18/90)......................... 92-3 Park.
91.9 (91.13 as of 8/18/90)......................... 90-15 Playter; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8
Watkins; 92-40 Wendt; 92-48 USAir; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-70 USAir; 93-9 Wendt; 93-17
Metcalf; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-29
Sutton; 95-26 Hereth; 96-17 Fenner.
91.11.............................................. 96-6 Ignatov.
91.29 (91.7 as of 8/18/90)......................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
91.65 (91.111 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-29 Sweeney; 94-21 Sweeney.
91.67 (91.113 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-29 Sweeney.
91.75 (91.123 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-40 Wendt;
92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-9 Wendt.
91.79 (91.119 as of 8/18/90)....................... 90-15 Playter; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
91.87 (91.129 as of 8/18/90)....................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins.
91.103............................................. 95-26 Hereth.
91.111............................................. 96-17 Fenner.
91.113............................................. 96-17 Fenner.
91.151............................................. 95-26 Hereth.
[[Page 54843]]
91.173 (91.417 as of 8/18/90)...................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
91.703............................................. 94-29 Sutton.
107.1.............................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-4
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator].
107.13............................................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport
Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
Operator]; 96-1 [Airport Operator].
107.20............................................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl.
107.21............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-22 Degenhardt; 90-23
Broyles; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-39
Hart; 91-3 Lewis; 91-10 Graham; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38
Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59 Petek-Jackson;
94-5 Grant; 94-31 Smalling.
107.25............................................. 94-30 Columna.
108.5.............................................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-2 & 91-9 Continental Airlines;
91-33 Delta Air Lines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 91-55
Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 94-
44 American Airlines; 96-16 WestAir; 96-19 [Air
Carrier].
108.7.............................................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
108.10............................................. 96-16 WestAir.
108.11............................................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-26 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 94-44 American Airlines.
108.13............................................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
121.133............................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines.
121.153............................................ 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West
Airlines; 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
121.317............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg.
121.318............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
121.367............................................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 96-25 USAir.
121.571............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
121.628............................................ 95-11 Horizon.
135.1.............................................. 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-25 Conquest.
135.5.............................................. 94-3 Valley Air; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-25
Conquest; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.25............................................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-3 Valley Air; 95-27 Valley
Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.63............................................. 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service;
95-28 Atlantic; 96-4 South Aero.
135.87............................................. 90-21 Carroll.
135.95............................................. 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.185............................................ 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
135.263............................................ 95-9 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
135.267............................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-
4 South Aero.
135.293............................................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-4 South Aero.
135.343............................................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.413............................................ 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.421............................................ 93-36 Valley Air; 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.437............................................ 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
145.53............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
145.57............................................. 94-2 Woodhouse.
145.61............................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
191................................................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
298.1.............................................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
302.8.............................................. 90-22 USAir.
49 CFR:
1.47............................................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
171 et seq......................................... 95-10 Diamond.
171.2.............................................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
96-26 Midtown.
171.8.............................................. 92-77 TCI.
172.101............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown.
172.200............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
172.202............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.203............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.204............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.300............................................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
172.301............................................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.304............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.400............................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.402............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.406............................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.1.............................................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
173.3.............................................. 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
173.6.............................................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.22(a).......................................... 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
[[Page 54844]]
173.24............................................. 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall.
173.25............................................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.27............................................. 92-77 TCI.
173.115............................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.240............................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.243............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.260............................................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.266............................................ 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
175.25............................................. 94-31 Smalling.
821.30............................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
821.33............................................. 90-21 Carroll.
Statutes:
5 U.S.C.:
504............................................ 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 92-74, 93-2 &
93-9 Wendt; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-17 TCI; 95-27 Valley
Air; 96-22 Woodhouse.
552............................................ 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 93-10
Costello.
554............................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 95-12
Toyota.
556............................................ 90-21 Carroll; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
557............................................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-21 Carroll; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 94-28 Toyota.
705............................................ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
5332........................................... 95-27 Valley Air.
11 U.S.C.:
362............................................ 91-2 Continental Airlines.
28 U.S.C.:
2412........................................... 93-10 Costello; 96-22 Woodhouse.
2462........................................... 90-21 Carroll.
49 U.S.C.:
5123........................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
40102.......................................... 96-17 Fenner.
44701.......................................... 96-6 Ignatov; 96-17 Fenner.
44704.......................................... 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air.
46110.......................................... 96-22 Woodhouse.
49 U.S.C. App.:
1301(31) (operate)............................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
(32) (person).............................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1356........................................... 90-18 & 90-19, 91-2 Continental Airlines.
1357........................................... 90-18, 90-19 & 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator].
1421........................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-48 USAir; 92-70 USAir; 93-9
Wendt.
1429........................................... 92-73 Wyatt.
1471........................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12, 90-
18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
& 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
90-39 Hart; 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-53 Koller; 92-5 Delta Air
Lines; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter;
92-51 Koblick; 92-74 Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-
20 Conquest Helicopters; 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 96-
6 Ignatov.
1472........................................... 96-6 Ignatov.
1475........................................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18, 90-
19 & 91-1 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
1486........................................... 90-21 Carroll; 96-22 Woodhouse.
1809........................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-12 Toyota.
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Digests
(Current as of September 30, 1996)
The digests of the Administrator's final decisions and orders are
arranged by order number and briefly summarize key points of each
decision. The following compilation of digests includes all final
decisions and orders issued by the Administrator from July 1, 1996, to
September 30, 1996. The FAA will publish noncumulative supplements to
this compilation on a quarterly basis (e.g., April, July, October, and
January of each year).
These digests do not constitute legal authority, and should not be
cited or relied upon as such. The digests are not intended to serve as
a substitute for proper legal research. Parties, attorneys, and other
interested persons should always consult the full text of the
Administrator's decisions before citing them in any context.
In the Matter of Donald M. Missirlian Order No. 96-20 (7/31/96)
Notice of Appeal Construed as Brief. Mr. Missirlian's notice of
appeal contains sufficient information and argument to meet the
requirements for an appeal brief. Agency counsel is given 35 days in
which to file a reply brief.
In the Matter of Matthew P. Houseal Order No. 96-21 (8/2/96)
Appeal dismissed. Respondent has withdrawn his notice of appeal.
The appeal is dismissed.
In the Matter of Mary Woodhouse Order No. 96-22 (8/13/96)
Late-filed EAJA Application. The Administrator affirmed the law
judge's order dismissing Ms. Woodhouse's
[[Page 54845]]
EAJA application for lack of jurisdiction.
Ms. Woodhouse was a partially prevailing party in Order No. 94-2.
She filed a petition for review with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Ninth Circuit, but she submitted the petition late, and for that
reason, the Court dismissed the petition for lack of jurisdiction.
Subsequently, Ms. Woodhouse filed an application for fees and expenses
with the Agency. Her application was filed approximately 5 months after
the issuance of Order No. 94-2.
Under 14 CFR 14.20, an EAJA application may be filed by a
prevailing party ``but in no case later than 30 days after the FAA
Decisionmaker's final disposition of the proceeding.'' In this case,
the Administrator's decision became the final disposition on the last
date on which Ms. Woodhouse could have petitioned the Administrator to
reconsider Order No. 94-2 (or 30 days after the issuance of Order No.
94-2). Then under the EAJA, Ms. Woodhouse had an additional 30 days in
which to file her application. In other words, she has a total of 60
days in which to file her application with the Agency, but she failed
to file in that time period.
Ms. Woodhouse argues that her application was timely because it was
filed within 30 days of the Court's order denying her motion to
reconsider its order dismissing her petition for review for lack of
jurisdiction. She argues that it does not matter that the Court
dismissed her petition for review for lack of jurisdiction. However,
even if an EAJA application is not due until after an appellate court
reviews a petition for review, that assumes the filing of a timely
petition for review. Filing the petition for review after the
expiration of the time period for filing a petition for review did not
toll the time period for filing the EAJA application because Ms.
Woodhouse had already foregone her right to seek Federal appellate
court review of the Administrator's decision.
The 30-day limitation period for filing an EAJA application is
jurisdictional and must be strictly construed in favor of the
government because it is a waiver of the government's sovereign
immunity. Thus, the Administrator lacks the authority to waive or
extend the time limitation for filing the EAJA application in this
case.
In the Matter of Thomas Kilrain Order No. 96-23 (8/13/96)
Petition for Reconsideration Denied. Mr. Kilrain sought
reconsideration based upon his intention to ``submit newly obtained
evidence.'' He failed to demonstrate that reconsideration based upon
new matter is warranted under 14 CFR 13.234(c).; as a result, his
petition for reconsideration is denied.
In the Matter of Horizon Air Industries, Inc. Order No. 96-24 (8/13/96)
Air Carrier Responsible for Employee Negligence. A Horizon flight
took off with tape covering the static ports, resulting in erroneous
altimeter and airspeed readings. The law judge correctly held that
Horizon was responsible for the negligence of its employees--both its
pilot, who failed to perform an adequate pre-flight inspection, and its
maintenance personnel, who failed to remove tape from the static ports
after washing the aircraft.
Consideration of Unauthenticated Exhibits Harmless Error. It was
improper for the law judge to consider unauthenticated exhibits,
particularly evidence of subsequent remedial measures. However, the law
judge's error is harmless because, even without the documents, the
agency was entitled to judgment as matter of law.
In the Matter of USAir, Inc. Order No. 96-25 (8/13/96)
Failure to Perform High Energy Stop Inspection. The law judge
properly found that USAir violated 14 CFR 43.13, which requires air
carriers to comply with the manufacturer's maintenance manual. There is
no merit in USAir's argument that the manual was not clear enough on
when a high energy stop inspection is required.
Operating an Unairworthy Aircraft. The law judge erred in failing
to find violation of 14 CFR 121.153, which prohibits operating an
unairworthy aircraft. USAir operated aircraft on 8 domestic flights
before taking it out of service to perform the required high energy
stop inspection. It is provided expressly in 14 CFR 21.181 that an
airworthiness certificate is effective only as long as maintenance is
performed in accordance with 14 CFR Part 43. Because the law judge
properly found a violation of 14 CFR 43.13, he should also have found
that USAir operated an unairworthy airdraft.
Sanction. As a result of the law judge's error in failing to find
that USAir operated an unairworthy aircraft on 8 separate flights, the
$5,000 civil penalty he assessed is too low. The $40,000 proposed civil
penalty is reinstated.
In the Matter of Midtown Neon Sign Corp. Order No. 96-26 (8/13/96)
Proposed Hazmat Sanction Reinstated. The law judge reduced the
$25,000 civil penalty proposed by the agency attorney in this case
involving an undeclared, leaking shipment of 2 one-gallon cans of
paint, a flammable, hazardous material, to $8,000. Due to several
critical errors in the law judge's sanction analysis, the $25,000
penalty is reinstated. The law judge thought the agency attorney had
proven only one third of the violations originally alleged, and reduced
the civil penalty on a pro rata basis. The law judge also seems to have
multiplied the number of violations by a set dollar amount. This
mathematical, formulaic approach is inappropriate and is not the
approach mandated by the statute. The statute provides that in setting
the penalty one must consider all the factors that justice requires.
The Administrator's precedent indicates that it is the egregiousness of
the respondent's conduct and not the number of violations that
justifies the assessment of a particular civil penalty.
Double Jeopardy Clause. The law judge based his decision to reduce
the sanction in part on the Double Jeopardy Clause of the United States
Constitution. The law judge stated that the multiple punishments
component of the Double Jeopardy Clause prohibited him from finding
violations of certain general, introductory sections of the Hazardous
Materials Regulations when he was also finding violations of more
specific regulations.
Even if the Double Jeopardy Clause applies in civil penalty cases
arising under the Federal hazardous material statute--and it has not
been established that it does--a civil penalty of $25,000 would still
be appropriate. Even if the three general, introductory sections are
not counted, there were still 9 violations under the law judge's
analysis, each with a maximum civil penalty of $25,000. Thus, the
proposed civil penalty of $25,000 is well within the range contemplated
by Congress, and is appropriate given all the factors that Congress
requires the Administrator to consider. Moreover, a penalty of $25,000
is not inconsistent with previous penalties imposed.
Commercial Reporting Services of the Administrators
Civil Penalty Decisions and Orders
1. Commercial Publications: The Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty cases are now available in the following
commercial publications:
AvLex, published by Aviation Daily, 1156 15th Street, NW, Washington,
DC 20005, (202) 822-4669;
Civil Penalty Cases Digest Service, published by Hawkins Publishing
Company, Inc., P.O. Box 480, Mayo, MD, 21106, (410) 798-1677;
Federal Aviation Decisions, Clark Boardman Callaghan, 50 Broad Street
[[Page 54846]]
East, Rochester, NY 14694, (716) 546-1490.
2. Disks/CD-ROM. The decisions and orders may be obtained on disk
from Aviation Records, Inc., P.O. Box 172, Battle Ground, WA 98604,
(206) 896-0376. Aeroflight Publications, P.O. Box 854, 433 Main Street,
Gruver, TX 79040, (806) 733-2483, is placing the decisions on CD-ROM.
3. On-Line Services. The Administrator's decisions and orders in
civil penalty cases are available on Compuserve, FedWorld, and Westlaw.
The Database ID for Westlaw is FTRAN-FAA.
The FAA has stated previously that publication of the subject-
matter index and the digests may be discontinued once a commercial
reporting service publishes similar information in a timely and
accurate manner. No decision has been made yet on this matter, and for
the time being, the FAA will continue to prepare and publish the
subject-matter index and digests.
FAA Offices
The Administrator's decisions and orders, indexes, and digests are
available for public inspection and copying at the following location
in FAA headquarters:
FAA Hearing Docket, Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence
Avenue, SW., Room 924A, Washington, DC 20591; (202) 267-3641.
These materials are also available at all FAA regional and center
legal offices at the following locations:
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Aeronautical Center (AMC-
7), Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, 6500 South MacArthur Blvd.,
Oklahoma City, OK 73125; (405) 954-3296.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Alaskan Region (AAL-7),
Alaskan Region Headquarters, 222 West 7th Avenue, Anchorage, AL 99513;
(907) 271-5269.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Central Region (ACE-7),
Central Region Headquarters, 601 East 12th Street, Federal Building,
Kansas City, MO 64106; (816) 426-5446.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Eastern Region (AEA-7),
Eastern Region Headquarters, JFK International Airport, Federal
building, Jamaica, NY 11430; (718) 553-3285.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Great Lakes Region (AGL-
7), 2300 East Devon Avenue, Suite 419, Des Plaines, IL 60018; (708)
294-7108.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the New England Region (ANE-
7), New England Region Headquarters, 12 New England Executive Park,
Room 401, Burlington, MA 01803-5299; (617) 238-7050.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Northwest Mountain Region
(ANM-7), Northwest Mountain Region Headquarters, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW,
Renton, WA 98055-4056; (206) 227-2007.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Southern Region (ASO-7),
Southern Region Headquarters, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA
30337, (404) 305-5200.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Southwest Region (ASW-7),
Southwest Region Headquarters, 2601 Meacham Blvd., Fort Worth, TX
76137-4298; (817) 222-5087.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Technical Center (ACT-7),
Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic city
International Airport, Atlantic City, NJ 08405; (609) 485-7087.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Western-Pacific Region
(AWP-7), Western--Pacific Region Headquarters, 15000 Aviation
Boulevard, Lawndale, CA 990261; (310) 725-7100.
Issued in Washington, DC on October 15, 1996.
James S. Dillman,
Assistant Chief Counsel for Litigation.
[FR Doc. 96-27070 Filed 10-21-96; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M
