[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 220 (Wednesday, November 16, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-28284]
[[Page Unknown]]
[Federal Register: November 16, 1994]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. NM-101; Special Conditions No. 25-ANM-91]
Special Conditions: Dassault Aviation, Model Falcon 2000
Airplane, High-Intensity Radiated Fields
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration, DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
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SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for the Dassault Aviation
Model Falcon 2000 airplane. This new airplane will utilize electrical
and electronic systems, such as electronic displays and electronic
engine controls, that perform critical functions. The applicable
regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for
the protection of these systems from the effects of high-intensity
radiated fields. These special conditions contain the additional safety
standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a
level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing
airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these special conditions is November 4,
1994.
Comments must be received on or before January 2, 1995.
ADDRESSES: Comments on these final special conditions; request for
comments, may be mailed in duplicate to: Federal Aviation
Administration, Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel, Attn.: Rules
Docket (ANM-7), Docket No. NM-101, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton,
Washington, 98055-4056; or delivered in duplicate to the Office of the
Assistant Chief Counsel at the above address. Comments must be marked
``Docket No. NM-101.'' Comments may be inspected in the Rules Docket
weekdays, except Federal holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Stephen Slotte, FAA, Standardization Branch, ANM-113, Transport
Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue
SW., Renton, Washington 98055-4056, telephone (206) 227-2797.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
The FAA has determined that good cause exists for making these
special conditions effective upon issuance; however, interested persons
are invited to submit such written data, views, or arguments as they
may desire. Communications should identify the regulatory docket and
special conditions number and be submitted in duplicate to the address
specified above. All communications received on or before the closing
date for comments will be considered by the Administrator. These
special conditions may be changed in light of the comments received.
All comments submitted will be available in the Rules Docket for
examination by interested persons, both before and after the closing
date for comments. A report summarizing each substantive public contact
with FAA personnel concerning this rulemaking will be filed in the
docket. Persons wishing the FAA to acknowledge receipt of their
comments submitted in response to this request must submit with those
comments a self-addressed, stamped postcard on which the following
statement is made: ``Comments to Docket No. NM-101.'' The postcard will
be date stamped and returned to the commenter.
Background
On September 13, 1989, Dassault Aviation, B.P. 24, 33701 Merignac
Cedex, France, applied for a new type certificate in the transport
airplane category for the Model Falcon 2000 airplane. The Dassault
Aviation Model Falcon 2000 is a medium-sized transcontinental business
jet powered by two General Electric/Garrett CFE 738 turbofan engines
mounted on pylons extending from the aft fuselage. Each engine will be
capable of delivering 5,600 lbs. thrust. The airplane will be capable
of operating with two flight crewmembers and eight passengers.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of Sec. 21.17 of the FAR, Dassault Aviation
must show that the Falcon 2000 meets the applicable provisions of part
25, effective February 1, 1965, as amended by Amendments 25-1 through
25-69. The certification basis may also include later amendments to
part 25 that are not relevant to these special conditions. In addition,
the certification basis for the Falcon 2000 includes part 34, effective
September 10, 1990, plus any amendments in effect at the time of
certification; and part 36, effective December 1, 1969, as amended by
Amendments 36-1 through the amendment in effect at the time of
certification. These special conditions form an additional part of the
type certification basis. In addition, the certification basis may
include other special conditions that are not relevant to these special
conditions.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., part 25, as amended) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Dassault Aviation Model Falcon
2000 because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions
are prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16 to establish a level
of safety equivalent to that established in the regulations.
Special conditions, as appropriate, are issued in accordance with
Sec. 11.49 of the FAR after public notice, as required by Secs. 11.28
and 11.29, and become part of the type certification basis in
accordance with Sec. 21.17(a)(2).
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should the type certificate for that model be amended
later to include any other model that incorporates the same novel or
unusual design feature, or should any other model already included on
the same type certificate be modified to incorporate the same novel or
unusual design feature, the special conditions would also apply to the
other model under the provisions of Sec. 21.101(a)(1).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Falcon 2000 incorporates new avionic/electronic installations,
including primary flight displays and digital electronic engine
controls. These systems may be vulnerable to high-intensity radiated
fields (HIRF) external to the airplane.
Discussion
There is no specific regulation that addresses protection
requirements for electrical and electronic systems from HIRF. Increased
power levels from ground-based radio transmitters and the growing use
of sensitive electrical and electronic systems to command and control
airplanes have made it necessary to provide adequate protection.
To ensure that a level of safety is achieved equivalent to that
intended by the regulations incorporated by reference, special
conditions are needed for the Dassault Aviation Model Falcon 2000,
which require that new technology electrical and electronic systems be
designed and installed to preclude component damage and interruption of
function due to the effects of HIRF.
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
With the trend toward increased power levels from ground based
transmitters, plus the advent of space and satellite communications,
coupled with electronic command and control of the airplane, the
immunity of critical digital avionics systems to HIRF must be
established.
It is not possible to precisely define the HIRF to which the
airplane will be exposed in service. There is also uncertainty
concerning the effectiveness of airframe shielding for HIRF.
Furthermore, coupling of electromagnetic energy to cockpit-installed
equipment through the cockpit window apertures is undefined. Based on
surveys and analysis of existing HIRF emitters, an adequate level of
protection exists when compliance with the HIRF protection special
condition is shown with either paragraphs 1 or 2 below:
1. A minimum threat of 100 volts per meter peak electric field
strength from 10 KHz to 18 GHz.
a. The threat must be applied to the system elements and their
associated wiring harnesses without the benefit of airframe shielding.
b. Demonstration of this level of protection is established through
system tests and analysis.
2. A threat external to the airframe of the following field
strengths for the frequency ranges indicated.
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Peak (V/ Average
Frequency M) (V/M)
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10 KHz-100 KHz........................................ 50 50
100 KHz-500KHz........................................ 60 60
500 KHz-2 MHz......................................... 70 70
2 MHz-30 MHz.......................................... 200 200
30 MHz-100 MHz........................................ 30 30
100 MHz-200 MHz....................................... 150 33
200 MHz-400 MHz....................................... 70 70
400 MHz-700 MHz....................................... 4,020 935
700 MHz-1 GHz......................................... 1,700 170
1 GHz-2 GHz........................................... 5,000 990
2 GHz-4 GHz........................................... 6,680 840
4 GHz-6 GHz........................................... 6,850 310
6 GHz-8 GHz........................................... 3,600 670
8 GHz-12 GHz.......................................... 3,500 1,270
12 GHz-18 GHz......................................... 3,500 360
18 GHz-40 GHz......................................... 2,100 750
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As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to the
Dassault Aviation Model Falcon 2000. Should Dassault Aviation apply at
a later date for a change to the type certificate to include another
model incorporating the same novel or unusual design feature, these
special conditions would apply to that model as well under the
provisions of Sec. 21.101(a)(1).
Conclusion
This action affects only certain design features on the Dassault
Aviation Model Falcon 2000 airplane. It is not a rule of general
applicability and affects only the manufacturer who applied to the FAA
for approval of these features on the airplane.
The substance of the special conditions for this airplane have been
subjected to the notice and comment procedure in several prior
instances and has been derived without substantive change from those
previously issued. It is unlikely that prior public comment would
result in a significant change from the substance contained herein. For
this reason, and because a delay would significantly affect the
certification of the airplane, which is imminent, the FAA has
determined that prior public notice and comment are unnecessary and
impracticable, and good cause exists for adopting these special
conditions immediately. Therefore, these special conditions are being
made effective upon issuance. The FAA is requesting comments to allow
interested persons to submit views that may not have been submitted in
response to the prior opportunities for comment described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. app. 1344, 1348(c), 1352, 1354(a), 1355,
1421 through 1431, 1502, 1651(b)(2), 42 U.S.C. 1857f-10, 4321 et
seq.; E.O. 11514; and 49 U.S.C. 106(g).
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of
the type certification basis for the Dassault Aviation Model Falcon
2000 airplane.
1. Protection from Unwanted Effects of High-Intensity Radiated
Fields (HIRF). Each electrical and electronic system that performs
critical functions must be designed and installed to ensure that the
operation and operational capability of these systems to perform
critical functions are not adversely affected when the airplane is
exposed to high-intensity radiated fields external to the airplane.
2. For the purpose of these special conditions, the following
definition applies: Critical Functions. Functions whose failure would
contribute to or cause a failure condition that would prevent the
continued safe flight and landing of the airplane.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on November 4, 1994.
Darrell M. Pederson,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, ANM-100.
[FR Doc. 94-28284 Filed 11-15-94; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M
