[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 231 (Friday, December 2, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-28974]
[[Page Unknown]]
[Federal Register: December 2, 1994]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Parts 9 and 63
[AD-FRL-5111-3]
RIN 2060-AC31
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants:
Halogenated Solvent Cleaning
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule and test method.
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SUMMARY: This final rule promulgates national emission standards for
hazardous air pollutants for halogenated solvent cleaners. These
standards implement section 112 of the Clean Air Act (Act) and are
based on the Administrator's determination that halogenated solvent
cleaning machines emit halogenated organic chemicals identified in the
Act list of 189 hazardous air pollutants (HAP). The halogenated solvent
cleaner NESHAP requires batch vapor solvent cleaning machines and in-
line solvent cleaning machines to meet emission standards reflecting
the application of the maximum achievable control technology for major
and area sources; area source batch cold cleaning machines are required
to achieve generally available control technology. The rule regulates
the emissions of the following halogenated HAP solvents: methylene
chloride (MC), perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (TCA), carbon tetrachloride (CT), and chloroform (C).
The EPA is also finalizing Method 307 with the standard. This
method can be used to demonstrate compliance with the idling standard.
EFFECTIVE DATE: December 2, 1994. See Supplementary Information section
concerning judicial review.
ADDRESSES: Background Information Document. The background information
document (BID) for the promulgated standards may be obtained from the
U.S. EPA Library (MD-35), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711,
telephone number (919) 541-2777. Please refer to ``National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants, Halogenated Solvent Cleaning--
Background Information for Final Standards,'' EPA No. 453/R-94-071. The
BID contains: (1) a summary of all the public comments made on the
proposed standards and the Administrator's response to the comments;
and (2) a summary of the changes made to the standards since proposal.
A reasonable fee may be charged for copying.
Docket. A docket, No. A-92-39, containing information considered by
the EPA in development of the promulgated standards, is available for
public inspection between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., Monday through
Friday, at the following address: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center (formerly known as the
Air Docket) (MC-6102), 401 M Street SW., Washington, DC 20460 [phone:
(202) 260-7548]. The docket is located at the above address in Room M-
1500, Waterside Mall (ground floor). A reasonable fee may be charged
for copying.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information concerning the final
standard, contact Mr. Paul Almodovar, Coatings and Consumer Products
Group, Emission Standards Division (MD-13), U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711,
telephone number (919) 541-0283.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: National emission standards for hazardous
air pollutants (NESHAP) for halogenated solvent cleaners were proposed
in the Federal Register on November 29, 1993 (58 FR 62566). This
Federal Register action announces the EPA's final decisions on the
rule. Under section 307(b)(1) of the Act, judicial review of the NESHAP
is available only by the filing of a petition for review in the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit within 60 days of
today's publication of this rule. Under section 307(b)(2) of the Act,
the requirements that are the subject of today's notice may not be
challenged later in civil or criminal proceedings brought by the EPA to
enforce these requirements.
I. The Standards
National emission standards for major sources of hazardous air
pollutants established under section 112 of the Act reflect:
``* * * the maximum degree of reduction in emissions of the HAP
* * * that the Administrator, taking into consideration the cost of
achieving such emission reduction, and any nonair quality health and
environmental impacts and energy requirements, determine is
achievable for new or existing sources in the category or
subcategory to which such emission standards applies * * *'' (the
Act section 112(d)(2)).
Area sources are regulated with a MACT standard, unless there is
justification for regulating them under GACT.
The promulgated standard includes multiple alternatives to allow
owners or operators maximum compliance flexibility. These alternatives
include an equipment standard, in conjunction with work practice
requirements, and an alternative overall solvent emissions standard.
The idling emission limit and the alternative overall solvent emission
standard are not available to owners or operators of batch cold
cleaning machines.
If an owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line cleaning
machine elects to comply with the equipment standard, they must install
one of the control combinations listed in the regulation, use an
automated parts handling system to process all parts, and follow
multiple work practices. As an alternative to selecting one of the
equipment control combinations listed in the regulation, an owner or
operator may demonstrate that the batch vapor or in-line cleaning
machine can meet the idling mode emission limit specified in the
standards. In addition to maintaining this idling mode emission limit,
the owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning
machine must use an automated parts handling system to process all
parts and comply with the work practice standards. A third alternative
for complying with these standards is to comply with the overall
solvent emissions limit. An owner or operator complying with the
overall solvent emissions limit is required to ensure that the
emissions from each solvent cleaning machine are less than or equal to
the solvent emission levels specified in the standard. Under this
alternative standard, an owner or operator is not required to use an
automated parts handling system or to comply with the work practice
standards.
The batch cold cleaning machine standard is an equipment standard.
However, those owners or operators choosing the equipment options
without the water layer must also comply with work practice
requirements. There is no idling standard or overall solvent emissions
standard for batch cold cleaning machines. Batch cold cleaning machines
located at nonmajor sources are exempt from title V permit
requirements.
Section 114(a)(3) of the amended CAA requires enhanced monitoring
and compliance certification of all major stationary sources. The
annual compliance certifications certify whether compliance has been
continuous or intermittent. Enhanced monitoring shall be capable of
detecting deviations from each applicable emission limit or standard
with sufficient representativeness, accuracy, precision, reliability,
frequency and timeliness to determine if compliance is continuous
during a reporting period. The monitoring in this regulation satisfies
the requirements of enhanced monitoring.
II. Summary of Impacts
These standards will reduce nationwide emissions of hazardous air
pollutants (HAP) from halogenated solvent cleaning machines by 77,400
Mg/yr (85,300 tons per year), or 63 percent by 1997 compared to the
emissions that would result in the absence of the standards. No adverse
secondary air impacts, water or solid waste impacts are anticipated
from the promulgation of these standards.
The national annual energy usage due to the installation of the
required control devices is expected to increase from 12.9 million KWH/
yr to 66.9 million KWH/yr, which is equivalent to approximately 29.3
thousand barrels of oil. These estimates do not include energy savings
from reduced solvent use.
The implementation of this regulation is expected to result in an
overall annual national net savings of $19 million. This includes a net
annualized savings from installation of control devices of $30.5
million and a total monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping costs of
$11.6 million. These savings will come from the significant decrease in
solvent emissions and, therefore, solvent consumption, which outweigh
the overall cost of air pollution control equipment and monitoring and
recordkeeping costs.
The economic impact analysis done at proposal showed that the
economic impacts from the proposed standard would be insignificant. The
economic impact analysis has not been revised for promulgation because
the changes in costs are not expected to have any effect on the results
of the analysis. While the estimated annual costs for the regulation
have increased since proposal, there are still cost savings for most
affected entities. Only entities with small or medium-sized cleaning
machines will not have cost savings, and the costs for the selected
regulatory alternatives for these entities have changed very little
since proposal. Since those entities that do not have cost savings were
the only ones analyzed in the proposal, and these costs have changed
little, the results from the economic impact analysis at proposal
should still hold for promulgation.
III. Significant Changes to the Proposed Standards
A. Public Participation
Prior to proposal of the standards, interested parties were advised
by public notice in the Federal Register (57 FR 46854), of a meeting of
the National Air Pollution Control Techniques Advisory Committee to
discuss the halogenated solvent cleaner source recommended for
proposal. This meeting was held on November 17 and 18, 1992. The
meeting was open to the public and each attendee was given an
opportunity to comment on the standards recommended for proposal.
The standards were proposed and published in the Federal Register
on November 29, 1993 (58 FR 62566). The preamble to the proposed
standards discussed the availability of the BID, which described the
regulatory alternatives considered and the impacts of those
alternatives. Public comments were solicited at the time of proposal,
and copies of the BID were distributed to interested parties.
To provide interested persons the opportunity for oral presentation
of data, views, or arguments concerning the proposed standards, a
public hearing was offered at proposal; however, one was not requested.
The public comment period was from November 29, 1993 to January 28,
1994. Fifty-seven comment letters were received. The comments have been
carefully considered, and changes have been made in the proposed
standards when determined by the Administrator to be appropriate.
B. Comments on the Proposed Standards
Comments on the proposed standards were received from 57 commenters
composed mainly of States, solvent cleaning machine users, solvent
cleaning machine vendors, industry and industry trade associations. A
detailed discussion of these comments and responses can be found in the
promulgation BID, which is referenced in the ADDRESSES section of this
preamble. The summary of comments and response in the BID serve as the
basis for the revisions that have been made to the standards between
proposal and promulgation. Most of the comment letters contained
multiple comments. The comments have been divided into the following
areas:
Selection of pollutants and source categories for
regulation.
Emission control options.
Regulatory alternatives.
Benefits analysis/economics.
Equipment, idling, work practice and overall solvent
emission limit standards.
Modification and reconstruction considerations.
Monitoring requirements.
Recordkeeping and reporting requirements.
Operating permit program.
Clarifications.
Miscellaneous.
C. Significant Changes
Several changes have been made since the proposal of these
standards. The majority of the changes have been made to clarify
portions of the rule that were unclear to the commenters. Other changes
include adding additional control combinations and an equation that
allows cleaning machines that do not have a solvent vapor/air interface
area to comply with the standard by meeting a solvent emission limit
based on cleaning capacity. A summary of the major changes is presented
below.
(1) Several comments were made about the complexity of the rule,
with many commenters offering suggested changes to clarify different
sections. Many of these recommendations have been incorporated into the
final rule. For example, the standards for batch cold cleaning machines
have been moved to a separate section, the operator test has been
included as appendix B, and a table summarizing the applicability of
the General Provisions to this rule has been included in appendix C.
(2) The applicability section of the rule has been clarified to
ensure that the standard regulates only those solvents originally
intended for inclusion; namely, MC, PCE, TCE, TCA, CT, and C. Several
commenters were concerned that, as proposed, the rule could be
interpreted to regulate non-halogenated solvents contaminated by trace
amounts of halogenated solvent. The EPA never intended for these
solvents to be included in these standards.
(3) An equation and table have been added to allow solvent cleaning
machines that do not have a solvent vapor/air interface area to comply
with these standards. Several new cleaning machines are currently being
developed by industry that cannot install the equipment control devices
included in this final rule, do not have an idling mode, and do not
have a solvent vapor/air interface area to relate to the solvent
emission limit. The equation and table in the rule allow owners or
operators of halogenated solvent cleaning machines without a solvent
vapor/air interface area to comply with the standard by meeting an
overall solvent emissions limit based on cleaning capacity that is
equivalent to the overall solvent emissions limit for machines with a
solvent vapor/air interface.
(4) The list of equipment combinations has been modified to remove
overlapping controls and to add carbon adsorbers to the control
combinations.
There are multiple control combinations available for meeting the
rule, many of which are pollution prevention measures. Many of these
options also reduce worker exposure. However, some sources may rely on
lip exhausts instead in order to meet OSHA requirements. Use of a lip
exhaust without any controls, while reducing worker exposure on the one
hand, would dramatically increase the overall emissions to air. Thus,
if lip exhausts are used on solvent cleaning machines, the rule
requires carbon adsorption controls (which have been added explicitly
as a control option in the final rule). Although the lip exhaust-carbon
adsorption combination reduces worker exposure and overall emissions to
air, it may impose additional cost and burden on sources as well as on
the environment for a number of reasons. First, carbon adsorption units
are generally more expensive than other controls listed in the options.
Second, these units may present cross-media impacts such as effluent
discharges if not properly operated and maintained, and spent carbon
beds that have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. Thus, when making
decisions about what controls to install on halogenated solvent
cleaning machines to meet the requirements of this rule, all of these
factors should be weighed and pollution prevention measures are
encouraged wherever possible.
The EPA acknowledges that data show little additional benefit is
achieved by the use of a working-mode cover in the presence of reduced
room draft. Therefore, these controls are no longer included in the
same control combination.
(5) Some changes have also been made to the compliance and
reporting schedules. The initial notification report deadline for
existing sources has been extended from 90 to 270 days after
promulgation. This overrides the 120 day deadline in the final part 63
General Provisions. This was done to allow more time for the delegation
of this rule to the States and to allow more time to process the
reports from the large number of facilities affected by this rule. The
initial statement of compliance report deadline for new and existing
sources has been extended from 30 days to 150 days after the compliance
date to allow time for owners or operators to determine compliance with
the 3-month rolling average emission limit. The compliance time for
existing sources has been extended from 2 to 3 years. This extension
has been provided to allow sources the maximum flexibility in complying
with these standards, including allowing time to consider alternative
cleaning technologies. This change is consistent with the General
Provisions (Sec. 63.6(b)(3)). The exceedance report schedule has been
changed to include a biannual exceedance report if there is not an
exceedance. This change is consistent with the General Provisions
(Sec. 63.10(e)). Exceedance reports must still be submitted quarterly
if there is an exceedance.
(6) Several commenters stated that the rule was complex and
difficult to understand. They stated that additional guidance should be
provided, particularly for small businesses. The EPA agrees that
guidance would be helpful and has developed a brochure summarizing the
rule, and will be developing a guidance manual that is scheduled for
publication in January 1995. This guidance manual includes a detailed
summary of the rule, example forms that can be used for reporting and
recordkeeping, and additional assistance for evaluating alternative
cleaning technologies.
(7) Several commenters recommended that the EPA reduce the
monitoring frequency of the emission control equipment. The EPA
evaluated the monitoring frequencies and has added a provision to the
final rule that allows the hoist monitoring frequency to decrease from
monthly to quarterly if, the owner or operator has operated the hoist
for one year without an exceedance in the hoist speed. The EPA has also
changed the reduced room draft (RRD) monitoring frequency from weekly
to quarterly with weekly monitoring of the parameters used to obtain
the RRD.
(8) Several comments were received on the batch cold cleaning
machine equipment requirement provisions. A number of commenters
reported the use of TCA, MC, and TCE in noncarburetor batch cold
cleaning machine operations. The commenters stated that the proposed
water layer control option was not always possible for these cleaning
machines, particularly when TCA or TCE solvents are used. In order to
address this issue, alternative control equipment options were added to
the final rule to allow for the use of an increased freeboard ratio and
cover, or remote-reservoir and cover, in lieu of a water layer and
cover. An owner or operator complying with these alternative options
must also comply with work practice requirements. The final rule also
allows an owner or operator of a batch cold cleaning machine to use
alternative control equipment, if demonstrated to be equivalent to the
equipment requirements cited in the final rule and approved by the
Administrator.
IV. Administrative Requirements
A. Docket
The docket is an organized and complete file of all the information
considered by the EPA in the development of this rulemaking. The docket
is a dynamic file, since material is added throughout the rulemaking
development. The docketing system is intended to allow members of the
public and industries involved to readily identify and locate documents
so that they can effectively participate in the rulemaking process.
Along with the statement of basis and purpose of the proposed and
promulgated standards and the EPA responses to significant comments,
the contents of the docket will serve as the record in case of judicial
review (section 307(d)(7)(A)).
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
Information collection requirements associated with this regulation
(those included in 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart A and Subpart T) have been
approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et
seq. and have been assigned OMB control number (2060-0273). An
Information Collection Request (ICR) document has been prepared by the
EPA (ICR No. 1652.02) to reflect the changed information requirements
of the final rule and has been submitted to OMB for review. A copy may
be obtained from Sandy Farmer, Information Policy Branch, EPA 2136, 401
M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, or by calling (202) 260-2740.
The annual respondent burden and costs averaged over the first 3
years for batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine subcategories are
359,000 hours and $12.0 million. Since the reporting burden for some of
the required activities will be incurred only once, the average annual
burden for batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine subcategories will
decrease after the first two years of implementation. For the batch
cold cleaning machine subcategory, the annual respondent burden and
costs averaged over the first 3 years are 33,000 hours and $1.1
million. The batch cold cleaning machine subcategory is not expected to
incur costs after the initial activities.
This collection of information is estimated to have an annual
public reporting and recordkeeping burden averaging 42 hours per
facility over the first 3 years. These burden estimates include time
for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering
and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the
collection of information.
Several commenters to the proposed rule in recognizing this burden
noted that the rule was complex and difficult to understand, and
suggested that additional guidance be provided, particularly for small
businesses. To address these concerns the Emission Standards Division
and the Small Business Assistance Program are developing a brochure to
summarize this rule, and will be developing a guidance manual scheduled
to be published in January 1995. This manual will include a detailed
summary of the rule, example forms for reporting and recordkeeping, to
alleviate at least in part the paperwork burden, and additional
material for evaluating alternative cleaning technologies.
Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspects of
this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this
burden to Chief, Information Policy Branch (2/36), U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 401 M St. SW., Washington, DC 20460; and to the
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and
Budget, Washington, DC 20503, marked ``Attention: Desk Officer for the
EPA.''
C. Executive Order 12866
Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735 (October 4, 1993)) the
Agency must determine whether the regulatory action is ``significant''
and therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of the
Executive Order. The Order defines ``significant regulatory action'' as
one that is likely to result in a rule that may:
(1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the
economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public
health or safety, or State, local or tribal governments or communities;
(2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an
action taken or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants,
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients
thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in
the Executive Order.
Pursuant to the terms of the Executive Order, OMB has notified EPA
that it considers this a ``significant regulatory action'' within the
meaning of the Executive Order. The EPA has submitted this action to
OMB for review. Changes made in response to OMB suggestions or
recommendations will be documented in the public record.
D. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (or RFA, Pub. L. 96-354, September
19, 1980) requires Federal agencies to give special consideration to
the impact of regulation on small businesses. The RFA specifies that a
final regulatory flexibility analysis must be prepared if a proposed
regulation will have a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities. To determine whether a final RFA is required,
a screening analysis, otherwise known as an initial RFA, is necessary.
Regulatory impacts are considered significant if:
(1) Annual compliance costs increase total costs of production by
more than 5 percent; or
(2) Annual compliance costs as a percent of sales are at least 20
percent (percentage points) higher for small entities; or
(3) Capital cost of compliance represents a significant portion of
capital available to small entities; or
(4) The requirements of the regulation are likely to result in
closures of small entities. A ``substantial number'' of small entities
is generally considered to be more than 20 percent of the small
entities in the affected industry. Since the economic analysis deals
only with small entities (in this case, facilities), it is also an
initial RFA, and conclusions about the impacts on small entities can be
drawn from what was done there already. Each of the criteria for
significant impacts will be considered in turn.
The largest increase in total cost of production from increased
emission control is 0.61 percent (SIC 359--Industrial Machinery,
n.e.c.). This figure is well below the significant-impact threshold of
five percent.
Assessing the differential impacts, measured by a comparison of
compliance costs as a percent of sales for small and large entities, is
more difficult as large model facilities were not analyzed in the
economic impact analysis. Treatment of this small business impacts
criterion involves creating two large model facilities.
It is assumed that large facilities use large solvent cleaning
machines, then compliance costs for large cleaning machines are
negative, and are thus savings. To be conservative, it is assumed here
that large model facilities possess five very large solvent cleaning
machines, so that a ``maximum savings'' case is modelled. This case is
important as it models the maximum cost differential between large and
small facilities.
Large model facilities were created for SICs 359 (Industrial
Machinery, n.e.c.) and 254 (Partitions and Fixtures). SIC 359 was
chosen because the small model facilities in this group experience the
highest cost absorption impacts when compared with other small model
facilities. SIC 254 was used because it had the smallest average per-
facility revenue of facilities with greater than 100 employees. Thus,
if they incur the same absolute savings as other large facilities,
their relative percentage savings will be the highest, and they will
experience the greatest cost savings in percentage terms as a result of
the standard. The cost differentials are in no case larger than one
percentage point. Thus, by this criterion, small business impacts are
not deemed significant.
The third criterion focuses on the amount of capital available to
small businesses or facilities. Since the capital costs incurred as a
result of investment in control equipment needed for small businesses
to meet the standard was less than 10 percent of the businesses' total
assets in all 39 affected SIC codes, it was concluded that the total
assets of small facilities will not be so adversely affected as to
prohibit the procurement of outside financing. (Examining an increase
in capital costs as a percentage of total assets is a measure of the
ability of a firm or facility to meet this capital costs increase.) The
conclusion, then, is that lack of available capital will not be an
obstacle for small facilities in complying with the regulation.
Criterion number four stipulates that small business impacts are
significant if compliance leads to closure. The only implication of
closure in the economic impact analysis is found in the section on
earnings impacts. Here it was found that, under worst-case assumptions,
closures might occur in only two SIC codes, 254 and 259 (Miscellaneous
Furniture and Fixtures), given their low rate of profitability in the
baseline. If this indeed occurs, the question of whether or not these
closures make up a substantial portion of small entities must be
addressed. The actual number of impacted facilities in the 39 impacted
SICs is unknown. If it can be assumed that each SIC is impacted in the
same proportion, a proxy for the share of impacted facilities
represented by SIC codes 254 and 259 is the total number of facilities
in these SIC codes as a share of the total number of potentially
impacted firms. SIC codes 254 and 259 hold a combined total 3,194 small
facilities. This makes up 3.4 percent of the total 93,121 small
facilities in all 39 SIC codes. Thus, in the extreme case that some
closures result, the number of closures is estimated to be far less
than the amount required to impact a substantial number of facilities.
In conclusion, and pursuant to section 605(b) of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 605(b), the Administrator certifies that this
rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities. The basis for the certification is that the
economic impacts for small entities do not meet or exceed the four
criteria in the Guidelines to the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980,
as shown above. Further information on the initial RFA is available in
the background information package (see Background Information Document
section near the beginning of this preamble).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Parts 9 and 63
Environmental Protection, Air pollution control, Hazardous
substances, Halogenated solvent cleaning machines, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Dated: November 15, 1994.
Carol M. Browner,
Administrator.
For the reasons set out in the preamble, title 40, chapter I, of
the Code of Federal Regulations is amended as set forth below:
PART 9--[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 9 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 135 et seq., 135-136y; 15 U.S.C. 2001, 2003,
2005, 2006, 2601-2671; 21 U.S.C. 331j, 346a, 348; 31 U.S.C. 9701; 33
U.S.C. 1251 et seq., 1311, 1313d, 1314, 1321, 1326, 1330, 1344,
1345(d) and (e), 1361; E.O. 11735, 38 FR 21243, 3 CFR, 1971-1975
Comp. p. 973; 42 U.S.C. 241, 242b, 243, 246, 300f, 300g, 300g-1,
300g-2, 300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-5, 300g-6, 300j-1, 300j-2, 300j-3,
300j-4, 300j-9, 1857 et seq., 6901-6992k, 7401-7671q, 7542, 9601-
9657, 11023, 11048.
2. Section 9.1 is amended by adding in numerical order a new entry
to the table under the indicated heading to read as follows:
Sec. 9.1 OMB approvals under the Paperwork Reduction Act.
* * * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
OMB control
40 CFR citation No.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*****
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
for Source Categories:
*****
63.467-63.468.............................................. 2060-0273
*****
------------------------------------------------------------------------
PART 63--[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
2. Part 63 is amended by adding subpart T to read as follows:
Subpart T--National Emission Standards for Halogenated Solvent Cleaning
Secs.
63.460 Applicability and designation of source.
63.461 Definitions.
63.462 Batch cold cleaning machine standards.
63.463 Batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine standards.
63.464 Alternative standards.
63.465 Test methods.
63.466 Monitoring procedures.
63.467 Recordkeeping requirements.
63.468 Reporting requirements.
63.469 Equivalent methods of control.
Subpart T--National Emission Standards for Halogenated Solvent
Cleaning
Sec. 63.460 Applicability and designation of source.
(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to each individual batch
vapor, in-line vapor, in-line cold, and batch cold solvent cleaning
machine that uses any solvent containing methylene chloride (CAS No.
75-09-2), perchloroethylene (CAS No. 127-18-4), trichloroethylene (CAS
No. 79-01-6), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CAS No. 71-55-6), carbon
tetrachloride (CAS No. 56-23-5) or chloroform (CAS No. 67-66-3), or any
combination of these halogenated HAP solvents, in a total concentration
greater than 5 percent by weight, as a cleaning and/or drying agent.
The concentration of these solvents may be determined using EPA test
method 18, material safety data sheets, or engineering calculations.
(b) Except as noted in appendix C (General Provisions Applicability
to Subpart T) of this subpart, the provisions of subpart A of this part
(General Provisions) apply to owners or operators of any solvent
cleaning machine meeting the applicability criteria of paragraph (a) of
this section.
(c) Each solvent cleaning machine subject to this subpart that
commences construction or reconstruction after November 29, 1993, shall
achieve compliance with the provisions of this subpart immediately upon
startup or by December 2, 1994, whichever is later.
``(d) Each solvent cleaning machine subject to this subpart that
commenced construction or reconstruction on or before November 29,
1993, shall achieve compliance with the provisions of this subpart no
later than.
(e) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a
State under section 112(d) of the Act, the authority contained in
paragraph (f) of this section shall be retained by the Administrator
and not transferred to a State.
(f) The authority conferred in Sec. 63.463(d)(9) and Sec. 63.469
will not be delegated to any State.
Sec. 63.461 Definitions.
Unless defined below, all terms used in this subpart are used as
defined in the 1990 Clean Air Act, or in subpart A of 40 CFR part 63:
Administrator means the Administrator of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency or his or her authorized representative
(e.g., State that has been delegated the authority to implement the
provisions of this part.)
Air blanket means the layer of air inside the solvent cleaning
machine freeboard located above the solvent/air interface. The
centerline of the air blanket is equidistant between the sides of the
machine.
Automated parts handling system means a mechanical device that
carries all parts and parts baskets at a controlled speed from the
initial loading of soiled or wet parts through the removal of the
cleaned or dried parts. Automated parts handling systems include, but
are not limited to, hoists and conveyors.
Batch cleaning machine means a solvent cleaning machine in which
individual parts or a set of parts move through the entire cleaning
cycle before new parts are introduced into the solvent cleaning
machine. An open-top vapor cleaning machine is a type of batch cleaning
machine. A solvent cleaning machine, such as a ferris wheel cleaner,
that cleans multiple batch loads simultaneously and is manually loaded
is a batch cleaning machine.
Carbon adsorber means a bed of activated carbon into which an air-
solvent gas-vapor stream is routed and which adsorbs the solvent on the
carbon.
Clean liquid solvent means fresh unused solvent, recycled solvent,
or used solvent that has been cleaned of soils (e.g., skimmed of oils
or sludge and strained of metal chips).
Cleaning capacity means, for a cleaning machine without a solvent/
air interface, the maximum volume of parts that can be cleaned at one
time. In most cases, the cleaning capacity is equal to the volume
(length times width times height) of the cleaning chamber.
Cold cleaning machine means any device or piece of equipment that
contains and/or uses liquid solvent, into which parts are placed to
remove soils from the surfaces of the parts or to dry the parts.
Cleaning machines that contain and use heated, nonboiling solvent to
clean the parts are classified as cold cleaning machines.
Consumption means the amount of halogenated hazardous air pollutant
solvent added to the solvent cleaning machine.
Cover means a lid, top, or portal cover that shields the solvent
cleaning machine openings from air disturbances when in place and is
designed to be easily opened and closed without disturbing the vapor
zone. Air disturbances include, but are not limited to, lip exhausts,
ventilation fans, and general room drafts. Types of covers include, but
are not limited to, sliding, biparting, and rolltop covers.
Downtime mode means the time period when a solvent cleaning machine
is not cleaning parts and the sump heating coils, if present, are
turned off.
Dwell means the technique of holding parts within the freeboard
area but above the vapor zone of the solvent cleaning machine. Dwell
occurs after cleaning to allow solvent to drain from the parts or parts
baskets back into the solvent cleaning machine.
Dwell time means the required minimum length of time that a part
must dwell, as determined by Sec. 63.465(d).
Emissions means halogenated hazardous air pollutant solvent
consumed (i.e., halogenated hazardous air pollutant solvent added to
the machine) minus the liquid halogenated hazardous air pollutant
solvent removed from the machine and the halogenated hazardous air
pollutant solvent removed from the machine in the solid waste.
Existing means any solvent cleaning machine the construction or
reconstruction of which was commenced on or before November 29, 1993.
Freeboard area means; for a batch cleaning machine, the area within
the solvent cleaning machine that extends from the solvent/air
interface to the top of the solvent cleaning machine; for an in-line
cleaning machine, it is the area within the solvent cleaning machine
that extends from the solvent/air interface to the bottom of the
entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower.
Freeboard height means; for a batch cleaning machine, the distance
from the solvent/air interface, as measured during the idling mode, to
the top of the cleaning machine; for an in-line cleaning machine, it is
the distance from the solvent/air interface to the bottom of the
entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower, as measured during the
idling mode.
Freeboard ratio means the ratio of the solvent cleaning machine
freeboard height to the smaller interior dimension (length, width, or
diameter) of the solvent cleaning machine.
Freeboard refrigeration device (also called a chiller) means a set
of secondary coils mounted in the freeboard area that carries a
refrigerant or other chilled substance to provide a chilled air blanket
above the solvent vapor. A primary condenser capable of meeting the
requirements of Sec. 63.463(e)(2)(i) is defined as both a freeboard
refrigeration device and a primary condenser for the purposes of these
standards.
Halogenated hazardous air pollutant solvent or halogenated HAP
solvent means methylene chloride (CAS No. 75-09-2), perchloroethylene
(CAS No. 127-18-4), trichloroethylene (CAS No. 79-01-6), 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (CAS No. 71-55-6), carbon tetrachloride (CAS No. 56-23-
5), and chloroform (CAS No. 67-66-3).
Hoist means a mechanical device that carries the parts basket and
the parts to be cleaned from the loading area into the solvent cleaning
machine and to the unloading area at a controlled speed. A hoist may be
operated by controls or may be programmed to cycle parts through the
cleaning cycle automatically.
Idling mode means the time period when a solvent cleaning machine
is not actively cleaning parts and the sump heating coils, if present,
are turned on.
Idling-mode cover means any cover or solvent cleaning machine
design that allows the cover to shield the cleaning machine openings
during the idling mode. A cover that meets this definition can also be
used as a working-mode cover if that definition is also met.
Immersion cold cleaning machine means a cold cleaning machine in
which the parts are immersed in the solvent when being cleaned. A
remote reservoir cold cleaning machine that is also an immersion cold
cleaning machine is considered an immersion cold cleaning machine for
purposes of this subpart.
In-line cleaning machine or continuous cleaning machine means a
solvent cleaning machine that uses an automated parts handling system,
typically a conveyor, to automatically provide a continuous supply of
parts to be cleaned. These units are fully enclosed except for the
conveyor inlet and exit portals. In-line cleaning machines can be
either cold or vapor cleaning machines.
Leak-proof coupling means a threaded or other type of coupling that
prevents solvents from leaking while filling or draining solvent to and
from the solvent cleaning machine.
Lip exhaust means a device installed at the top of the opening of a
solvent cleaning machine that draws in air and solvent vapor from the
freeboard area and ducts the air and vapor away from the solvent
cleaning area.
Monthly reporting period means any calendar month in which the
owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine is required to
calculate and report the solvent emissions from each solvent cleaning
machine.
New means any solvent cleaning machine the construction or
reconstruction of which is commenced after November 29, 1993.
Open-top vapor cleaning machine means a batch solvent cleaning
machine that has its upper surface open to the air and boils solvent to
create solvent vapor used to clean and/or dry parts.
Part means any object that is cleaned in a solvent cleaning
machine. Parts include, but are not limited to, discrete parts,
assemblies, sets of parts, and continuous parts (i.e., continuous
sheets of metal).
Primary condenser means a series of circumferential cooling coils
on a vapor cleaning machine through which a chilled substance is
circulated or recirculated to provide continuous condensation of rising
solvent vapors and, thereby, create a concentrated solvent vapor zone.
Reduced room draft means decreasing the flow or movement of air
across the top of the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine to
meet the specifications of Sec. 63.463(e)(2)(ii). Methods of achieving
a reduced room draft include, but are not limited to, redirecting fans
and/or air vents to not blow across the cleaning machine, moving the
cleaning machine to a corner where there is less room draft, and
constructing a partial or complete enclosure around the cleaning
machine.
Remote reservoir cold cleaning machine means any device in which
liquid solvent is pumped to a sink-like work area that drains solvent
back into an enclosed container while parts are being cleaned, allowing
no solvent to pool in the work area.
Soils means contaminants that are removed from the parts being
cleaned. Soils include, but are not limited to, grease, oils, waxes,
metal chips, carbon deposits, fluxes, and tars.
Solvent/air interface means, for a vapor cleaning machine, the
location of contact between the concentrated solvent vapor layer and
the air. This location of contact is defined as the mid-line height of
the primary condenser coils. For a cold cleaning machine, it is the
location of contact between the liquid solvent and the air.
Solvent/air interface area means; for a vapor cleaning machine, the
surface area of the solvent vapor zone that is exposed to the air; for
an in-line cleaning machine, it is the total surface area of all the
sumps; for a cold cleaning machine, it is the surface area of the
liquid solvent that is exposed to the air.
Solvent cleaning machine means any device or piece of equipment
that uses halogenated HAP solvent liquid or vapor to remove soils from
the surfaces of materials. Types of solvent cleaning machines include,
but are not limited to, batch vapor, in-line vapor, in-line cold, and
batch cold solvent cleaning machines.
Solvent vapor zone means; for a vapor cleaning machine, the area
that extends from the liquid solvent surface to the level that solvent
vapor is condensed. This condensation level is defined as the midline
height of the primary condenser coils.
Sump means the part of a solvent cleaning machine where the liquid
solvent is located.
Sump heater coils means the heating system on a cleaning machine
that uses steam, electricity, or hot water to heat or boil the liquid
solvent.
Superheated vapor system means a system that heats the solvent
vapor, either passively or actively, to a temperature above the
solvent's boiling point. Parts are held in the superheated vapor before
exiting the machine to evaporate the liquid solvent on them. Hot vapor
recycle is an example of a superheated vapor system.
Vapor cleaning machine means a batch or in-line solvent cleaning
machine that boils liquid solvent generating solvent vapor that is used
as a part of the cleaning or drying cycle.
Water layer means a layer of water that floats above the denser
solvent and provides control of solvent emissions. In many cases, the
solvent used in batch cold cleaning machines is sold containing the
appropriate amount of water to create a water cover.
Working mode means the time period when the solvent cleaning
machine is actively cleaning parts. Working-mode cover means anycover
or solvent cleaning machine design that allows the cover to shield the
cleaning machine openings from outside air disturbances while parts are
being cleaned in the cleaning machine. A cover that is used during the
working mode is opened only during parts entry and removal. A cover
that meets this definition can also be used as an idling-mode cover if
that definition is also met.
Sec. 63.462 Batch cold cleaning machine standards.
(a) Each owner or operator of an immersion batch cold solvent
cleaning machine shall comply with the requirements specified in
paragraph(a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section.
(1) Employ a tightly fitting cover that shall be closed at all
times except during parts entry and removal, and a water layer at a
minimum thickness of 2.5 centimeters (1.0 inch) on the surface of the
solvent within the cleaning machine, or
(2) Employ a tightly fitting cover that shall be closed at all
times except during parts entry and removal and a freeboard ratio of
0.75 or greater.
(b) Each owner or operator of a remote-reservoir batch cold solvent
cleaning machine shall employ a tightly fitting cover over the solvent
sump that shall be closed at all times except during the cleaning of
parts.
(c) Each owner or operator of a batch cold solvent cleaning machine
complying with paragraphs (a)(2) or (b) of this section shall comply
with the work and operational practice requirements specified in
paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(8) of this section.
(1) All waste solvent shall be collected and stored in closed
containers. The closed container may contain a device that allows
pressure relief, but does not allow liquid solvent to drain from the
container.
(2) If a flexible hose or flushing device is used, flushing shall
be performed only within the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning
machine.
(3) The owner or operator shall drain solvent cleaned parts for 15
seconds or until dripping has stopped, whichever is longer. Parts
having cavities or blind holes shall be tipped or rotated while
draining.
(4) The owner or operator shall ensure that the solvent level does
not exceed the fill line.
(5) Spills during solvent transfer shall be wiped up immediately.
The wipe rags shall be stored in covered containers meeting the
requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
(6) When an air- or pump-agitated solvent bath is used, the owner
or operator shall ensure that the agitator is operated to produce a
rolling motion of the solvent but not observable splashing against tank
walls or parts being cleaned.
(7) The owner or operator shall ensure that, when the cover is
open, the cold cleaning machine is not exposed to drafts greater than
40 meters per minute (132 feet per minute), as measured between 1 and 2
meters (3.3 and 6.6 feet) upwind and at the same elevation as the tank
lip.
(8) Sponges, fabric, wood, and paper products shall not be cleaned.
(d) Each owner or operator of a batch cold cleaning machine shall
submit an initial notification report as described in Sec. 63.468(a)
and a compliance report as described in Sec. 63.468(b). No further
reporting or recordkeeping is required.
Sec. 63.463 Batch vapor and in-line cleaning machine standards.
(a) Except as provided in Sec. 63.464, each owner or operator of a
solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart
shall ensure that each existing or new batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this subpart conforms to
the design requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(7)
of this section.
(1) Each cleaning machine shall be designed or operated to meet the
control equipment or technique requirements in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or
(a)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) An idling and downtime mode cover, as described in
Sec. 63.463(d)(1)(i), that may be readily opened or closed, that
completely covers the cleaning machine openings when in place, and is
free of cracks, holes, and other defects.
(ii) A reduced room draft as described in Sec. 63.463(e)(2)(ii).
(2) Each cleaning machine shall have a freeboard ratio of 0.75 or
greater.
(3) Each cleaning machine shall have an automated parts handling
system capable of moving parts or parts baskets at a speed of 3.4
meters per minute (11 feet per minute) or less from the initial loading
of parts through removal of cleaned parts.
(4) Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a device
that shuts off the sump heat if the sump liquid solvent level drops to
the sump heater coils.
(5) Each vapor cleaning machine shall be equipped with a vapor
level control device that shuts off sump heat if the vapor level in the
vapor cleaning machine rises above the height of the primary condenser.
(6) Each vapor cleaning machine shall have a primary condenser.
(7) Each cleaning machine that uses a lip exhaust shall be designed
and operated to route all collected solvent vapors through a properly
operated and maintained carbon adsorber that meets the requirements of
paragraph (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(b) Except as provided in Sec. 63.464, each owner or operator of an
existing or new batch vapor cleaning machine shall comply with either
paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section.
(1) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine with a
solvent/air interface area of 1.21 square meters (13 square feet) or
less shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph
(b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 1 of
this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using
the procedure in Sec. 63.469, equivalent methods of control.
Table 1.--Control Combinations for Batch Vapor Solvent Cleaning Machines
With a Solvent/Air Interface Area of 1.21 Square Meters (13 Square Feet)
or Less
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Option Control combinations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......... Working-mode cover, freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated
vapor.
2......... Freeboard refrigeration device, superheated vapor.
3......... Working-mode cover, freeboard refrigeration device.
4......... Reduced room draft, freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated
vapor.
5......... Freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft.
6......... Freeboard refrigeration device, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
7......... Freeboard refrigeration device, dwell.
8......... Reduced room draft, dwell, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
9......... Freeboard refrigeration device, carbon adsorber.
10........ Freeboard ratio of 1.0, superheated vapor, carbon adsorber.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Unlike most of the control techniques available for complying with
this rule, carbon adsorbers are not considered to be a pollution
prevention measure. Use of such units may impose additional cost and
burden for a number of reasons. First, carbon adsorption units are
generally more expensive than other controls listed in the options.
Second, these units may present cross-media impacts such as effluent
discharges if not properly operated and maintained, and spent carbon
beds have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. When making decisions
about what controls to install on halogenated solvent cleaning
machines to meet the requirements of this rule, all of these factors
should be weighed and pollution prevention measures are encouraged
wherever possible.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve
and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.22 kilograms per hour per
square meter (0.045 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air
interface area as determined using the procedures in Sec. 63.465(a) and
appendix A to this part.
(2) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor cleaning machine with a
solvent/air interface area greater than 1.21 square meters (13 square
feet) shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph
(b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 2 of
this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using
the procedure in Sec. 63.469, equivalent methods of control.
Table 2.--Control Combinations for Batch Vapor Solvent Cleaning Machines
With a Solvent/Air Interface Area Greater than 1.21 Square Meters (13
Square Feet)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Option Control combinations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......... Freeboard refrigeration device, freeboard ratio of 1.0,
superheated vapor.
2......... Dwell, freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft.
3......... Working-mode cover, freeboard refrigeration device,
superheated vapor.
4......... Freeboard ratio of 1.0, reduced room draft, superheated
vapor.
5......... Freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft,
superheated vapor.
6......... Freeboard refrigeration device, reduced room draft,
freeboard ratio of 1.0.
7......... Freeboard refrigeration device, superheated vapor, carbon
adsorber.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Unlike most of the control techniques available for complying with
this rule, carbon adsorbers are not considered to be a pollution
prevention measure. Use of such units may impose additional cost and
burden for a number of reasons. First, carbon adsorption units are
generally more expensive than other controls listed in the options.
Second, these units may present cross-media impacts such as effluent
discharges if not properly operated and maintained, and spent carbon
beds have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. When making decisions
about what controls to install on halogenated solvent cleaning
machines to meet the requirements of this rule, all of these factors
should be weighed and pollution prevention measures are encouraged
wherever possible.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve
and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.22 kilograms per hour per
square meter (0.045 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air
interface area as determined using the procedures in Sec. 63.465(a) and
appendix A of this part.
(c) Except as provided in Sec. 63.464, each owner or operator of an
in-line cleaning machine shall comply with paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2)
of this section as appropriate.
(1) Each owner or operator of an existing in-line cleaning machine
shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph
(c)(1)(i) or (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 3 of
this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using
the procedure in Sec. 63.469, equivalent methods of control.
Table 3.--Control Combinations for Existing In-Line Solvent Cleaning
Machines
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Option Control combinations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......... Superheated vapor, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
2......... Freeboard refrigeration device, freeboard ratio of 1.0.
3......... Dwell, freeboard refrigeration device.
4......... Dwell, carbon adsorber.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Unlike most of the control techniques available for complying with
this rule, carbon adsorbers are not considered to be a pollution
prevention measure. Use of such units may impose additional cost and
burden for a number of reasons. First, carbon adsorption units are
generally more expensive than other controls listed in the options.
Second, these units may present cross-media impacts such as effluent
discharges if not properly operated and maintained, and spent carbon
beds have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. When making decisions
about what controls to install on halogenated solvent cleaning
machines to meet the requirements of this rule, all of these factors
should be weighed and pollution prevention measures are encouraged
wherever possible.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve
and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.10 kilograms per hour per
square meter (0.021 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air
interface area as determined using the procedures in Sec. 63.465(a) and
appendix A to this part.
(2) Each owner or operator of a new in-line cleaning machine shall
comply with the requirements specified in either paragraph (c)(2)(i) or
(c)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) Employ one of the control combinations listed in table 4 of
this subpart or other equivalent methods of control as determined using
the procedure in Sec. 63.469, equivalent methods of control section.
Table 4.--Control Combinations for New In-Line Solvent Cleaning Machines
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Option Control combinations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1......... Superheated vapor, freeboard refrigeration device.
2......... Freeboard refrigeration device, carbon adsorber.
3......... Superheated vapor, carbon adsorber.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Unlike most of the control techniques available for complying with
this rule, carbon adsorbers are not considered to be a pollution
prevention measure. Use of such units may impose additional cost and
burden for a number of reasons. First, carbon adsorption units are
generally more expensive than other controls listed in the options.
Second, these units may present cross-media impacts such as effluent
discharges if not properly operated and maintained, and spent carbon
beds have to be disposed of as hazardous waste. When making decisions
about what controls to install on halogenated solvent cleaning
machines to meet the requirements of this rule, all of these factors
should be weighed and pollution prevention measures are encouraged
wherever possible.
(ii) Demonstrate that their solvent cleaning machine can achieve
and maintain an idling emission limit of 0.10 kilograms per hour per
square meter (0.021 pounds per hour per square foot) of solvent/air
interface area as determined using the procedures in Sec. 63.465(a) and
appendix A to this part.
(d) Except as provided in Sec. 63.464, each owner or operator of an
existing or new batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine shall
meet all of the following required work and operational practices
specified in paragraph (d)(1) through (d)(12) of this section as
applicable.
(1) Control air disturbances across the cleaning machine opening(s)
by incorporating the control equipment or techniques in paragraph
(d)(1)(i) or (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Cover(s) to each solvent cleaning machine shall be in place
during the idling mode, and during the downtime mode unless either the
solvent has been removed from the machine or maintenance or monitoring
is being performed that requires the cover(s) to not be in place.
(ii) A reduced room draft as described in Sec. 63.463(e)(2)(ii).
(2) The parts baskets or the parts being cleaned in an open-top
batch vapor cleaning machine shall not occupy more than 50 percent of
the solvent/air interface area unless the parts baskets or parts are
introduced at a speed of 0.9 meters per minute (3 feet per minute) or
less.
(3) Any spraying operations shall be done within the vapor zone or
within a section of the solvent cleaning machine that is not directly
exposed to the ambient air (i.e., a baffled or enclosed area of the
solvent cleaning machine).
(4) Parts shall be oriented so that the solvent drains from them
freely. Parts having cavities or blind holes shall be tipped or rotated
before being removed from any solvent cleaning machine unless an
equally effective approach has been approved by the Administrator.
(5) Parts baskets or parts shall not be removed from any solvent
cleaning machine until dripping has stopped.
(6) During startup of each vapor cleaning machine, the primary
condenser shall be turned on before the sump heater.
(7) During shutdown of each vapor cleaning machine, the sump heater
shall be turned off and the solvent vapor layer allowed to collapse
before the primary condenser is turned off.
(8) When solvent is added or drained from any solvent cleaning
machine, the solvent shall be transferred using threaded or other
leakproof couplings and the end of the pipe in the solvent sump shall
be located beneath the liquid solvent surface.
(9) Each solvent cleaning machine and associated controls shall be
maintained as recommended by the manufacturers of the equipment or
using alternative maintenance practices that have been demonstrated to
the Administrator's satisfaction to achieve the same or better results
as those recommended by the manufacturer.
(10) Each operator of a solvent cleaning machine shall complete and
pass the applicable sections of the test of solvent cleaning operating
procedures in appendix B to this part if requested during an inspection
by the Administrator.
(11) Waste solvent, still bottoms, and sump bottoms shall be
collected and stored in closed containers. The closed containers may
contain a device that would allow pressure relief, but would not allow
liquid solvent to drain from the container.
(12) Sponges, fabric, wood, and paper products shall not be
cleaned.
(e) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine complying
with either paragraph (b) or (c) of this section shall comply with the
requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this
section.
(1) Conduct monitoring of each control device used to comply with
Sec. 63.463 of this subpart as provided in Sec. 63.466.
(2) Determine during each monitoring period whether each control
device used to comply with these standards meets the requirements
specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through (e)(2)(vii) of this section.
(i) If a freeboard refrigeration device is used to comply with
these standards, the owner or operator shall ensure that the chilled
air blanket temperature (in deg.F or deg.C), measured at the center
of the air blanket, is no greater than 30 percent of the solvent's
boiling point.
(ii) If a reduced room draft is used to comply with these
standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements
specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(ii)(A) and (e)(2)(ii)(B) of this
section.
(A) Ensure that the flow or movement of air across the top of the
freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine or within the solvent
cleaning machine enclosure does not exceed 15.2 meters per minute (50
feet per minute) at any time as measured using the procedures in
Sec. 63.466(d).
(B) Establish and maintain the operating conditions under which the
wind speed was demonstrated to be 15.2 meters per minute (50 feet per
minute) or less as described in Sec. 63.466(d).
(iii) If a working-mode cover is used to comply with these
standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements
specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(iii)(A) and (e)(2)(iii)(B) of this
section.
(A) Ensure that the cover opens only for part entrance and removal
and completely covers the cleaning machine openings when closed.
(B) Ensure that the working-mode cover is maintained free of
cracks, holes, and other defects.
(iv) If an idling-mode cover is used to comply with these
standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements
specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(iv)(A) and (e)(2)(iv)(B) of this
section.
(A) Ensure that the cover is in place whenever parts are not in the
solvent cleaning machine and completely covers the cleaning machine
openings when in place.
(B) Ensure that the idling-mode cover is maintained free of cracks,
holes, and other defects.
(v) If a dwell is used to comply with these standards, the owner or
operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs
(e)(2)(v)(A) and (e)(2)(v)(B) of this section.
(A) Determine the appropriate dwell time for each type of part or
parts basket, or determine the maximum dwell time using the most
complex part type or parts basket, as described in Sec. 63.465(d).
(B) Ensure that, after cleaning, each part is held in the solvent
cleaning machine freeboard area above the vapor zone for the dwell time
determined for that particular part or parts basket, or for the maximum
dwell time determined using the most complex part type or parts basket.
(vi) If a superheated vapor system is used to comply with these
standards, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements
specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(vi)(A) through (e)(2)(vi)(C) of this
section.
(A) Ensure that the temperature of the solvent vapor at the center
of the superheated vapor zone is at least 10 deg.F above the solvent's
boiling point.
(B) Ensure that the manufacturer's specifications for determining
the minimum proper dwell time within the superheated vapor system is
followed.
(C) Ensure that parts remain within the superheated vapor for at
least the minimum proper dwell time.
(vii) If a carbon adsorber in conjunction with a lip exhaust is
used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator shall comply
with the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(vii)(A) through
(e)(2)(vii)(C) of this section.
(A) Ensure that the concentration of organic solvent in the exhaust
from this device does not exceed 100 parts per million of any
halogenated HAP compound as measured using the procedure in
Sec. 63.466(e). If the halogenated HAP solvent concentration in the
carbon adsorber exhaust exceeds 100 parts per million, the owner or
operator shall adjust the desorption schedule or replace the disposable
canister, if not a regenerative system, so that the exhaust
concentration of halogenated HAP solvent is brought below 100 parts per
million.
(B) Ensure that the carbon adsorber bed is not bypassed during
desorption.
(C) Ensure that the lip exhaust is located above the solvent
cleaning machine cover so that the cover closes below the lip exhaust
level.
(3) If any of the requirements of paragraph (e)(2) of this section
are not met, determine whether an exceedance has occurred using the
criteria in paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (e)(3)(ii) of this section.
(i) An exceedance has occurred if the requirements of paragraphs
(e)(2)(ii)(B), (e)(2)(iii)(A), (e)(2)(iv)(A), (e)(2)(v), (e)(2)(vi)(B),
(e)(2)(vi)(C), (e)(2)(vii)(B), or (e)(2)(vii)(C) of this section have
not been met.
(ii) An exceedance has occurred if the requirements of paragraphs
(e)(2)(i), (e)(2)(ii)(A), (e)(2)(iii)(B), (e)(2)(iv)(B), (e)(2)(vi)(A),
or (e)(2)(vii)(A) of this section have not been met and are not
corrected within 15 days of detection. Adjustments or repairs shall be
made to the solvent cleaning system or control device to reestablish
required levels. The parameter must be remeasured immediately upon
adjustment or repair and demonstrated to be within required limits.
(4) The owner or operator shall report all exceedances and all
corrections and adjustments made to avoid an exceedance as specified in
Sec. 63.468(h).
(f) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards in
paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) of this
section shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs
(f)(1) through (f)(5) of this section.
(1) Conduct an initial performance test to comply with the
requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (f)(1)(ii) of this
section.
(i) Demonstrate compliance with the applicable idling emission
limit.
(ii) Establish parameters that will be monitored to demonstrate
compliance. If a control device is used that is listed in paragraph
(e)(2) of this section, then the requirements for that control device
as listed in paragraph (e)(2) of this section shall be used unless the
owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction
that an alternative strategy is equally effective.
(2) Conduct the periodic monitoring of the parameters used to
demonstrate compliance as described in Sec. 63.466(f).
(3) Operate the solvent cleaning machine within parameters
identified in the initial performance test.
(4) If any of the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(3)
of this section are not met, determine whether an exceedance has
occurred using the criteria in paragraphs (f)(4)(i) and (f)(4)(ii) of
this section.
(i) If using a control listed in paragraph (e) of this section, the
owner or operator shall comply with the appropriate parameter values in
paragraph (e)(2) and the exceedance delineations in paragraphs
(e)(3)(i) and (e)(3)(ii) of this section.
(ii) If using a control not listed in paragraph (e) of this
section, the owner or operator shall indicate whether the exceedance of
the parameters that are monitored to determine the proper functioning
of this control would be classified as an immediate exceedance or
whether a 15 day repair period would be allowed. This information must
be submitted to the Administrator for approval.
(5) The owner or operator shall report all exceedances and all
corrections and adjustments made to avoid an exceedance as specified in
Sec. 63.468(h).
Sec. 63.464 Alternative standards.
(a) As an alternative to meeting the requirements in Sec. 63.463,
each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning
machine can elect to comply with the requirements of Sec. 63.464. An
owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine who elects to comply
with Sec. 63.464 shall comply with the requirements specified in either
paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section.
(1) If the cleaning machine has a solvent/air interface, as defined
in Sec. 63.461, the owner or operator shall comply with the
requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this
section.
(i) Maintain a log of solvent additions and deletions for each
solvent cleaning machine.
(ii) Ensure that the emissions from each solvent cleaning machine
are equal to or less than the applicable emission limit presented in
table 5 of this subpart as determined using the procedures in
Sec. 63.465(b) and (c).
Table 5.--Emission Limits for Batch Vapor and In-Line Solvent Cleaning
Machines With a Solvent/Air Interface
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3-month
rolling
average
monthly
emission
Solvent cleaning machine limit
(kilograms/
square
meters/
month)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Batch vapor solvent cleaning machines...................... 150
Existing in-line solvent cleaning machines................. 153
New in-line solvent cleaning machines...................... 99
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) If the cleaning machine is a batch vapor cleaning machine and
does not have a solvent/air interface, the owner or operator shall
comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and
(a)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) Maintain a log of solvent additions and deletions for each
solvent cleaning machine.
(ii) Ensure that the emissions from each solvent cleaning machine
are equal to or less than the appropriate limits as described in
paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(A) and (a)(2)(ii)(B) of this section.
(A) For cleaning machines with a cleaning capacity, as reported in
Sec. 63.468(d), that is less than or equal to 2.95 cubic meters, the
emission limit shall be determined using table 6 or equation 1. If
using table 6, and the cleaning capacity of the cleaning machine falls
between two cleaning capacity sizes, then the lower of the two emission
limits applies.
(B) For cleaning machines with a cleaning capacity as reported in
Sec. 63.468(d), that is greater than 2.95 cubic meters, the emission
limit shall be determined using equation 1.
EL = 330 * (Vol)0.6 (1)
where:
EL = the 3-month rolling average monthly emission limit (kilograms/
month).
Table 6.--Emission Limits for Cleaning Machines Without a Solvent/Air
Interface
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3-month rolling average monthly
Cleaning capacity (cubic meters) emission limit (kilograms/month)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
0.00.............................. 0
0.05.............................. 55
0.10.............................. 83
0.15.............................. 106
0.20.............................. 126
0.25.............................. 144
0.30.............................. 160
0.35.............................. 176
0.40.............................. 190
0.45.............................. 204
0.50.............................. 218
0.55.............................. 231
0.60.............................. 243
0.65.............................. 255
0.70.............................. 266
0.75.............................. 278
0.80.............................. 289
0.85.............................. 299
0.90.............................. 310
0.95.............................. 320
1.00.............................. 330
1.05.............................. 340
1.10.............................. 349
1.15.............................. 359
1.20.............................. 368
1.25.............................. 377
1.30.............................. 386
1.35.............................. 395
1.40.............................. 404
1.45.............................. 412
1.50.............................. 421
1.55.............................. 429
1.60.............................. 438
1.65.............................. 446
1.70.............................. 454
1.75.............................. 462
1.80.............................. 470
1.85.............................. 477
1.90.............................. 485
1.95.............................. 493
2.00.............................. 500
2.05.............................. 508
2.10.............................. 515
2.15.............................. 522
2.20.............................. 530
2.25.............................. 537
2.30.............................. 544
2.35.............................. 551
2.40.............................. 558
2.45.............................. 565
2.50.............................. 572
2.55.............................. 579
2.60.............................. 585
2.65.............................. 592
2.70.............................. 599
2.75.............................. 605
2.80.............................. 612
2.85.............................. 619
2.90.............................. 625
2.95.............................. 632
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vol = the cleaning capacity of the solvent cleaning machine (cubic
meters).
(b) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with Sec. 63.464(a) shall demonstrate
compliance with the applicable 3-month rolling average monthly emission
limit on a monthly basis as described in Sec. 63.465(b) and (c).
(c) If the applicable 3-month rolling average emission limit is not
met, an exceedance has occurred. All exceedances shall be reported as
required in Sec. 63.468(h).
Sec. 63.465 Test methods.
(a) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with an idling emission limit standard in
Sec. 63.463(b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) shall
determine the idling emission rate of the solvent cleaning machine
using Reference Method 307 in appendix A to this part.
(b) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with Sec. 63.464 shall on the first
operating day of every month ensure that the solvent cleaning machine
system contains only clean liquid solvent. This includes, but is not
limited to, fresh unused solvent, recycled solvent and used solvent
that has been cleaned of soils. A fill line must be indicated during
the first month the measurements are made. The solvent level within the
machine must be returned to the same fill-line each month, immediately
prior to calculating monthly emissions as specified in Sec. 63.465(c).
The solvent cleaning machine does not have to be emptied and filled
with fresh unused solvent prior to the calculations.
(c) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with Sec. 63.464 shall on the first
operating day of the month comply with the requirements specified in
paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(3) of this section.
(1) Using the records of all solvent additions and deletions for
the previous monthly reporting period required under Sec. 63.464(a),
determine solvent emissions (Ei) using equation 2 for cleaning machines
with a solvent/air interface and equation 3 for cleaning machines
without a solvent/air interface:
TR02DE94.000
TR02DE94.001
where:
Ei=the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions from the solvent
cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting period i,
(kilograms of solvent per square meter of solvent/air interface area
per month).
En=the total halogenated HAP solvent emissions from the solvent
cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting period i,
(kilograms of solvent per month).
SAi=the total amount of halogenated HAP liquid solvent added to
the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent monthly reporting
period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
LSRi=the total amount of halogenated HAP liquid solvent removed
from the solvent cleaning machine during the most recent monthly
reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
SSRi=the total amount of halogenated HAP solvent removed from the
solvent cleaning machine in solid waste, obtained as described in
paragraph (c)(2) of this section, during the most recent monthly
reporting period i, (kilograms of solvent per month).
AREAi=the solvent/air interface area of the solvent cleaning
machine (square meters).
(2) Determine SSRi using the method specified in paragraph
(c)(2)(i) or (c)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) From tests conducted using EPA reference method 25d.
(ii) By engineering calculations included in the compliance report.
(3) Determine the monthly rolling average, EA, for the 3-month
period ending with the most recent reporting period using equation 4
for cleaning machines with a solvent/air interface or equation 5 for
cleaning machines without a solvent/air interface:
TR02DE94.002
TR02DE94.003
Where:
EAi=the average halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the
preceding 3 monthly reporting periods, (kilograms of solvent per square
meter of solvent/air interface area per month).
EAn=the average halogenated HAP solvent emissions over the
preceding 3 monthly reporting periods (kilograms of solvent per month).
Ei=halogenated HAP solvent emissions for each month (j) for the
most recent 3 monthly reporting periods (kilograms of solvent per
square meter of solvent/air interface area).
En=halogenated HAP solvent emissions for each month (j) for the
most recent 3 monthly reporting periods (kilograms of solvent per
month).
j=1 = the most recent monthly reporting period.
j=2 = the monthly reporting period immediately prior to j=1.
j=3 = the monthly reporting period immediately prior to j=2.
(d) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine using a dwell to comply with Sec. 63.463 shall
determine the appropriate dwell time for each part or parts basket
using the procedure specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this
section.
(1) Determine the amount of time for the part or parts basket to
cease dripping once placed in the vapor zone. The part or parts basket
used for this determination must be at room temperature before being
placed in the vapor zone.
(2) The proper dwell time for parts to remain in the freeboard area
above the vapor zone is no less than 35 percent of the time determined
in paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
(e) An owner or operator of a source shall determine their
potential to emit from all solvent cleaning operations, using the
procedures described in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this
section. A facility's total potential to emit is the sum of the HAP
emissions from all solvent cleaning operations, plus all HAP emissions
from other sources within the facility.
(1) Determine the potential to emit for each individual solvent
cleaning using equation 6.
PTEi=Hi x Wi x SAIi (6)
Where:
PTEi=the potential to emit for solvent cleaning machine i
(kilograms of solvent per year).
Hi=hours of operation for solvent cleaning machine i (hours per
year).
=8760 hours per year, unless otherwise restricted by a Federally
enforceable requirement.
Wi=the working mode uncontrolled emission rate (kilograms per
square meter per hour).
=1.95 kilograms per square meter per hour for batch vapor and cold
cleaning machines.
=1.12 kilograms per square meter per hour for in-line cleaning
machines.
SAIi = solvent/air interface area of solvent cleaning machine i
(square meters). Section 63.461 defines the solvent/air interface area
for those machines that have a solvent/air interface. Cleaning machines
that do not have a solvent/air interface shall calculate a solvent/air
interface area using the procedure in paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
(2) Cleaning machines that do not have a solvent/air interface
shall calculate a solvent/air interface area using equation 7.
SAI=2.20 * (Vol)0.6 (7)
Where:
SAI=the solvent/air interface area (square meters).
Vol=the cleaning capacity of the solvent cleaning machine (cubic
meters).
(3) Sum the PTEi for all solvent cleaning operations to obtain
the total potential to emit for solvent cleaning operations at the
facility.
Sec. 63.466 Monitoring procedures.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner
or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine
complying with the equipment standards in Sec. 63.463 (b)(1)(i),
(b)(2)(i), (c)(1)(i), or (c)(2)(i) shall conduct monitoring and record
the results on a weekly basis for the control devices, as appropriate,
specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section.
(1) If a freeboard refrigeration device is used to comply with
these standards, the owner or operator shall use a thermometer or
thermocouple to measure the temperature at the center of the air
blanket during the idling mode.
(2) If a superheated vapor system is used to comply with these
standards, the owner or operator shall use a thermometer or
thermocouple to measure the temperature at the center of the
superheated solvent vapor zone while the solvent cleaning machine is in
the idling mode.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner
or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine
complying with the equipment standards of Sec. 63.463 (b)(1)(i),
(b)(2)(i), (c)(1)(i), or (c)(2)(i) shall conduct monitoring and record
the results on a monthly basis for the control devices, as appropriate,
specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
(1) If a cover (working-mode, downtime-mode, and/or idling-mode
cover) is used to comply with these standards, the owner or operator
shall conduct a visual inspection to determine if the cover is opening
and closing properly, completely covers the cleaning machine openings
when closed, and is free of cracks, holes, and other defects.
(2) If a dwell is used, the owner or operator shall determine the
actual dwell time by measuring the period of time that parts are held
within the freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine after
cleaning.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner
or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine
complying with the equipment or idling standards in Sec. 63.463 shall
monitor the hoist speed as described in paragraphs (c)(1) through
(c)(4) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall determine the hoist speed by
measuring the time it takes for the hoist to travel a measured
distance. The speed is equal to the distance in meters divided by the
time in minutes (meters per minute).
(2) The monitoring shall be conducted monthly. If after the first
year, no exceedances of the hoist speed are measured, the owner or
operator may begin monitoring the hoist speed quarterly.
(3) If an exceedance of the hoist speed occurs during quarterly
monitoring, the monitoring frequency returns to monthly until another
year of compliance without an exceedance is demonstrated.
(4) If an owner or operator can demonstrate to the Administrator's
satisfaction in the initial compliance report that the hoist cannot
exceed a speed of 3.4 meters per minute (11 feet per minute), the
required monitoring frequency is quarterly, including during the first
year of compliance.
(d) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner
or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent cleaning machine
complying with the equipment standards in Sec. 63.463 (b)(1)(i),
(b)(2)(i), (c)(1)(i), or (c)(2)(i) using a reduced room draft shall
conduct monitoring and record the results as specified in
paragraph(d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section.
(1) If the reduced room draft is maintained by controlling room
parameters (i.e., redirecting fans, closing doors and windows, etc.),
the owner or operator shall conduct an initial monitoring test of the
windspeed and of room parameters, quarterly monitoring of windspeed,
and weekly monitoring of room parameters as specified in paragraphs
(d)(1)(i) and (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Measure the windspeed within 6 inches above the top of the
freeboard area of the solvent cleaning machine using the procedure
specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i)(A) through (d)(1)(i)(D) of this
section.
(A) Determine the direction of the wind current by slowly rotating
a velometer or similar device until the maximum speed is located.
(B) Orient a velometer in the direction of the wind current at each
of the four corners of the machine.
(C) Record the reading for each corner.
(D) Average the values obtained at each corner and record the
average wind speed.
(ii) Monitor on a weekly basis the room parameters established
during the initial compliance test that are used to achieve the reduced
room draft.
(2) If an enclosure (full or partial) is used to achieve a reduced
room draft, the owner or operator shall conduct an initial monitoring
test and, thereafter, monthly monitoring tests of the windspeed within
the enclosure using the procedure specified in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) and
(d)(2)(ii) of this section and a monthly visual inspection of the
enclosure to determine if it is free of cracks, holes and other
defects.
(i) Determine the direction of the wind current in the enclosure by
slowly rotating a velometer inside the entrance to the enclosure until
the maximum speed is located.
(ii) Record the maximum wind speed.
(e) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, each owner
or operator using a carbon adsorber to comply with this subpart shall
measure and record the concentration of halogenated HAP solvent in the
exhaust of the carbon adsorber weekly with a colorimetric detector
tube. This test shall be conducted while the solvent cleaning machine
is in the working mode and is venting to the carbon adsorber. The
exhaust concentration shall be determined using the procedure specified
in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this section.
(1) Use a colorimetric detector tube designed to measure a
concentration of 100 parts per million by volume of solvent in air to
an accuracy of 25 parts per million by volume.
(2) Use the colorimetric detector tube according to the
manufacturer's instructions.
(3) Provide a sampling port for monitoring within the exhaust
outlet of the carbon adsorber that is easily accessible and located at
least 8 stack or duct diameters downstream from any flow disturbance
such as a bend, expansion, contraction, or outlet; downstream from no
other inlet; and 2 stack or duct diameters upstream from any flow
disturbance such as a bend, expansion, contraction, inlet or outlet.
(f) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards of
Sec. 63.463 (b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) shall
comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2)
of this section.
(1) If using controls listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this
section, the owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring
frequency requirements in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(2) If using controls not listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of
this section, the owner or operator shall establish the monitoring
frequency for each control and submit it to the Administrator for
approval in the initial test report.
(g) Each owner or operator using a control device listed in
paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section can use alternative
monitoring procedures approved by the Administrator.
Sec. 63.467 Recordkeeping requirements.
(a) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.463 shall
maintain records in written or electronic form specified in paragraphs
(a)(1) through (a)(5) of this section for the lifetime of the machine.
(1) Owner's manuals, or if not available, written maintenance and
operating procedures, for the solvent cleaning machine and control
equipment.
(2) The date of installation for the solvent cleaning machine and
all of its control devices. If the exact date for installation is not
known, a letter certifying that the cleaning machine and its control
devices were installed prior to, or on, November 29, 1993, or after
November 29, 1993, may be substituted.
(3) If a dwell is used to comply with these standards, records of
the tests required in Sec. 63.465(d) to determine an appropriate dwell
time for each part or parts basket.
(4) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the idling emission limit standards of
Sec. 63.463(b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), or (c)(2)(ii) shall
maintain records of the initial performance test, including the idling
emission rate and values of the monitoring parameters measured during
the test.
(5) Records of the halogenated HAP solvent content for each solvent
used in a solvent cleaning machine subject to the provisions of this
subpart.
(b) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with Sec. 63.463 shall maintain records
specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section either in
electronic or written form for a period of 5 years.
(1) The results of control device monitoring required under
Sec. 63.466.
(2) Information on the actions taken to comply with Sec. 63.463(e)
and (f). This information shall include records of written or verbal
orders for replacement parts, a description of the repairs made, and
additional monitoring conducted to demonstrate that monitored
parameters have returned to accepted levels.
(3) Estimates of annual solvent consumption for each solvent
cleaning machine.
(4) If a carbon adsorber is used to comply with these standards,
records of the date and results of the weekly measurement of the
halogenated HAP solvent concentration in the carbon adsorber exhaust
required in Sec. 63.466(e).
(c) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.464 shall
maintain records specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(3) of this
section either in electronic or written form for a period of 5 years.
(1) The dates and amounts of solvent that are added to the solvent
cleaning machine.
(2) The solvent composition of wastes removed from cleaning
machines as determined using the procedure described in
Sec. 63.465(c)(2).
(3) Calculation sheets showing how monthly emissions and the
rolling 3-month average emissions from the solvent cleaning machine
were determined, and the results of all calculations.
(d) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine without a
solvent/air interface complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.464
shall maintain records on the method used to determine the cleaning
capacity of the cleaning machine.
Sec. 63.468 Reporting requirements.
(a) Each owner or operator of an existing solvent cleaning machine
subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit an initial
notification report to the Administrator no later than August 29, 1995.
This report shall include the information specified in paragraphs
(a)(1) through (a)(6) of this section.
(1) The name and address of the owner or operator.
(2) The address (i.e., physical location) of the solvent cleaning
machine(s).
(3) A brief description of each solvent cleaning machine including
machine type (batch vapor, batch cold, vapor in-line or cold in-line),
solvent/air interface area, and existing controls.
(4) The date of installation for each solvent cleaning machine or a
letter certifying that the solvent cleaning machine and its control
devices were installed prior to, or after, November 29, 1993.
(5) The anticipated compliance approach for each solvent cleaning
machine.
(6) An estimate of annual halogenated HAP solvent consumption for
each solvent cleaning machine.
(b) Each owner or operator of a new solvent cleaning machine
subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit an initial
notification report to the Administrator. New sources for which
construction or reconstruction had commenced and initial startup had
not occurred before December 2, 1994, shall submit this report as soon
as practicable before startup but no later than January 31, 1995. New
sources for which the construction or reconstruction commenced after
December 2, 1994, shall submit this report as soon as practicable
before the construction or reconstruction is planned to commence. This
report shall include all of the information required in Sec. 63.5(d)(1)
of subpart A (General Provisions), with the revisions and additions in
paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section.
(1) The report shall include a brief description of each solvent
cleaning machine including machine type (batch vapor, batch cold, vapor
in-line, or cold-line), solvent/air interface area, and existing
controls.
(2) The report shall include the anticipated compliance approach
for each solvent cleaning machine.
(3) In lieu of Sec. 63.5(d)(1)(ii)(H) of subpart A of this part,
the owner or operator must report an estimate of annual halogenated HAP
solvent consumption for each solvent cleaning machine.
(c) Each owner or operator of a batch cold solvent cleaning machine
subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit a compliance
report to the Administrator. For existing sources, this report shall be
submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the
compliance date specified in Sec. 63.460(d). For new sources, this
report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days
after startup or May 1, 1995, whichever is later. This report shall
include the requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4)
of this section.
(1) The name and address of the owner or operator.
(2) The address (i.e., physical location) of the solvent cleaning
machine(s).
(3) A statement, signed by the owner or operator of the solvent
cleaning machine, stating that the solvent cleaning machine for which
the report is being submitted is in compliance with the provisions of
this subpart.
(4) The compliance approach for each solvent cleaning machine.
(d) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.463 shall
submit to the Administrator an initial statement of compliance for each
solvent cleaning machine. For existing sources, this report shall be
submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the
compliance date specified in Sec. 63.460(d). For new sources, this
report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days
after startup or May 1, 1995, whichever is later. This statement shall
include the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(6)
of this section.
(1) The name and address of the owner or operator.
(2) The address (i.e., physical location) of the solvent cleaning
machine(s).
(3) A list of the control equipment used to achieve compliance for
each solvent cleaning machine.
(4) For each piece of control equipment required to be monitored, a
list of the parameters that are monitored and the values of these
parameters measured on or during the first month after the compliance
date.
(5) Conditions to maintain the wind speed requirements of
Sec. 63.463(e)(2)(ii), if applicable.
(6) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine complying
with the idling emission limit standards of Sec. 63.463(b)(1)(ii),
(b)(2)(ii), (c)(1)(ii), and (c)(2)(ii) shall submit a test report for
tests of idling emissions meeting the specifications in Method 307 of
appendix A to this subpart. This report shall comply with the
requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(6)(i) through (d)(6)(iv) of
this section.
(i) This test must be on the same specific model cleaner used at
the source. The test can be done by the owner or operator of the
affected machine or can be supplied by the vendor of that solvent
cleaning machine or a third party.
(ii) This report must clearly state the monitoring parameters,
monitoring frequency and the delineation of exceedances for each
parameter.
(iii) If a solvent cleaning machine vendor or third party test
report is used to demonstrate compliance, it shall include the
following for the solvent cleaning machine tested: Name of person(s) or
company that performed the test, model name, the date the solvent
cleaning machine was tested, serial number, and a diagram of the
solvent cleaning machine tested.
(iv) If a solvent cleaning machine vendor or third party test
report is used, the owner or operator of the solvent cleaning machine
shall comply with the requirements specified in either paragraphs
(d)(6)(iv)(A) and (d)(6)(iv)(B) of this section.
(A) Submit a statement by the solvent cleaning machine vendor that
the unit tested is the same as the unit the report is being submitted
for.
(B) Demonstrate to the Administrator's satisfaction that the
solvent emissions from the solvent cleaning machine for which the test
report is being submitted are equal to or less than the solvent
emissions from the solvent cleaning machine in the vendor test report.
(7) If a carbon adsorber is used to comply with these standards,
the date and results of the weekly measurement of the halogenated HAP
solvent concentration in the carbon adsorber exhaust required in
Sec. 63.466(e).
(e) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.464 shall
submit to the Administrator an initial statement of compliance for each
solvent cleaning machine. For existing sources, this report shall be
submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days after the
compliance date specified in Sec. 63.460(d). For new sources, this
report shall be submitted to the Administrator no later than 150 days
after startup or May 1, 1995, whichever is later. The statement shall
include the information specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4)
of this section.
(1) The name and address of the solvent cleaning machine owner or
operator.
(2) The address of the solvent cleaning machine(s).
(3) The solvent/air interface area for each solvent cleaning
machine or, for cleaning machines without a solvent/air interface, a
description of the method used to determine the cleaning capacity and
the results.
(4) The results of the first 3-month average emissions calculation.
(f) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.463 shall
submit an annual report by February 1 of the year following the one for
which the reporting is being made. This report shall include the
requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(3) of this
section.
(1) A signed statement from the facility owner or his designee
stating that, ``All operators of solvent cleaning machines have
received training on the proper operation of solvent cleaning machines
and their control devices sufficient to pass the test required in
Sec. 63.463(d)(10).''
(2) An estimate of solvent consumption for each solvent cleaning
machine during the reporting period.
(3) The reports required under paragraphs (f) and (g) of this
section can be combined into a single report for each facility.
(g) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine complying with the provisions of Sec. 63.464 shall
submit a solvent emission report every year. This solvent emission
report shall contain the requirements specified in paragraphs (g)(1)
through (g)(4) of this section.
(1) The size and type of each unit subject to this subpart
(solvent/air interface area or cleaning capacity).
(2) The average monthly solvent consumption for the solvent
cleaning machine in kilograms per month.
(3) The 3-month monthly rolling average solvent emission estimates
calculated each month using the method as described in Sec. 63.465(c).
(4) The reports required under paragraphs (f) and (g) of this
section can be combined into a single report for each facility.
(h) Each owner or operator of a batch vapor or in-line solvent
cleaning machine shall submit an exceedance report to the Administrator
semiannually except when, the Administrator determines on a case-by-
case basis that more frequent reporting is necessary to accurately
assess the compliance status of the source or, an exceedance occurs.
Once an exceedance has occurred the owner or operator shall follow a
quarterly reporting format until a request to reduce reporting
frequency under paragraph (i) of this section is approved. Exceedance
reports shall be delivered or postmarked by the 30th day following the
end of each calendar half or quarter, as appropriate. The exceedance
report shall include the applicable information in paragraphs (h) (1)
through (3) of this section.
(1) Information on the actions taken to comply with Sec. 63.463 (e)
and (f). This information shall include records of written or verbal
orders for replacement parts, a description of the repairs made, and
additional monitoring conducted to demonstrate that monitored
parameters have returned to accepted levels.
(2) If an exceedance has occurred, the reason for the exceedance
and a description of the actions taken.
(3) If no exceedances of a parameter have occurred, or a piece of
equipment has not been inoperative, out of control, repaired, or
adjusted, such information shall be stated in the report.
(i) An owner or operator who is required to submit an exceedance
report on a quarterly (or more frequent) basis may reduce the frequency
of reporting to semiannual if the conditions in paragraphs (i)(1)
through (i)(3) of this section are met.
(1) The source has demonstrated a full year of compliance without
an exceedance.
(2) The owner or operator continues to comply with all relevant
recordkeeping and monitoring requirements specified subpart A (General
Provisions) and in this subpart.
(3) The Administrator does not object to a reduced frequency of
reporting for the affected source as provided in paragraph (e)(3)(iii)
of subpart A (General Provisions).
(j) The Administrator has determined, pursuant to the criteria
under section 502(a) of the Act, that an owner or operator of any batch
cold solvent cleaning machine that is not itself a major source and
that is not located at a major source, as defined under 40 CFR 70.2, is
exempt from part 70 permitting requirements for that source.
An owner or operator of any other solvent cleaning machine subject
to the provisions of this subpart is subject to part 70 permitting
requirements, such sources, if not major or located at major sources,
may be exempted by the State from applying for a part 70 permit until
42 months after the EPA first approves a part 70 program or such other
date established by the permitting authority that assures that such
sources obtain a permit by 5 years after the EPA first approves a part
70 program.
(k) Each owner or operator of a solvent cleaning machine requesting
an equivalency determination, as described in Sec. 63.469 shall submit
an equivalency request report to the Administrator. For existing
sources, this report must be submitted to the Administrator no later
than June 3, 1996. For new sources, this report must be submitted and
approved by the Administrator prior to startup.
Sec. 63.469 Equivalent methods of control.
Upon written application, the Administrator may approve the use of
equipment or procedures after they have been satisfactorily
demonstrated to be equivalent, in terms of reducing emissions of
methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride or chloroform to the atmosphere,
to those prescribed for compliance within a specified paragraph of this
subpart. The application must contain a complete description of the
equipment or procedure and the proposed equivalency testing procedure
and the date, time, and location scheduled for the equivalency
demonstration.
3. Appendix A is amended by adding Method 307 to read as follows:
Appendix A to Part 63--Test Methods
* * * * *
Method 307--Determination of Emissions From Halogenated Solvent Vapor
Cleaning Machines Using a Liquid Level Procedure
1. Applicability and Principle
1.1 Applicability. This method is applicable to the
determination of the halogenated solvent emissions from solvent
vapor cleaners in the idling mode.
1.2 Principle. The solvent level in the solvent cleaning
machine is measured using inclined liquid level indicators. The
change in liquid level corresponds directly to the amount of solvent
lost from the solvent cleaning machine.
2. Apparatus
Note: Mention of trade names or specific products does not
constitute endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
2.1 Inclined Liquid Level Indicator. A schematic of the
inclined liquid level indicators used in this method is shown in
figure 307-1; two inclined liquid level indicators having 0.05
centimeters divisions or smaller shall be used. The liquid level
indicators shall be made of glass, Teflon, or any similar material
that will not react with the solvent being used. A 6-inch by 1-inch
slope is recommended; however the slope may vary depending on the
size and design of the solvent cleaning machine.
Note: It is important that the inclined liquid level indicators
be constructed with ease of reading in mind. The inclined liquid
level indicators should also be mounted so that they can be raised
or lowered if necessary to suit the solvent cleaning machine size.
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2.2 Horizontal Indicator. Device to check the inclined liquid
level indicators orientation relative to horizontal.
2.3 Velocity Meter. Hotwire and vane anemometers, or other
devices capable of measuring the flow rates ranging from 0 to 15.2
meters per minute across the solvent cleaning machine.
3. Procedure
3.1 Connection of the Inclined Liquid Level Indicator. Connect
one of the inclined liquid level indicators to the boiling sump
drain and the other inclined liquid level indicator to the immersion
sump drain using Teflon tubing and the appropriate fittings. A
schematic diagram is shown in figure 307-2.
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3.2 Positioning of Velocity Meter. Position the velocity meter
so that it measures the flow rate of the air passing directly across
the solvent cleaning machine.
3.3 Level the Inclined Liquid Level Indicators.
3.4 Initial Inclined Liquid Level Indicator Readings. Open the
sump drainage valves. Allow the solvent cleaning machine to operate
long enough for the vapor zone to form and the system to stabilize
(check with manufacturer). Record the inclined liquid level
indicators readings and the starting time on the data sheet. A
sample data sheet is provided in figure 307-3.
Date-------------------------------------------------------------------
Run--------------------------------------------------------------------
Solvent type-----------------------------------------------------------
Solvent density, g/m\3\ (lb/ft\3\)-------------------------------------
Length of boiling sump (SB), m (ft)-------------------------------
Width of boiling sump (WB), m (ft)--------------------------------
Length of immersion sump (SI), m (ft)-----------------------------
Width of immersion sump (WI), m (ft)------------------------------
Length of solvent vapor/air interface (SV), m (ft) ____________
Width of solvent vapor/air interface (WV), m (ft) ____________
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Boiling Immersion
Clock time sump sump Flow rate
reading reading reading
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Figure 307-3. Data sheet.
3.5 Final Inclined Liquid Level Indicator Readings. At the end
of the 16-hour test run, check to make sure the inclined liquid
level indicators are level; if not, make the necessary adjustments.
Record the final inclined liquid level indicators readings and time.
3.6 Determination of Solvent Vapor/Air Interface Area for Each
Sump. Determine the area of the solvent/air interface of the
individual sumps. Whenever possible, physically measure these
dimensions, rather than using factory specifications. A schematic of
the dimensions of a solvent cleaning machine is provided in figure
307-4.
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4. Calculations
4.1 Nomenclature.
AB = area of boiling sump interface, m\2\ (ft\2\).
AI = area of immersion sump interface, m\2\ (ft\2\).
AV = area of solvent/air interface, m\2\ (ft\2\).
E = emission rate, kg/m\2\-hr (lb/ft\2\-hr).
K = 100,000 cm . g/m . kg for metric units.
= 12 in./ft for English units.
LBF = final boiling sump inclined liquid level indicators
reading, cm (in.).
LBi = initial boiling sump inclined liquid level indicators
reading, cm (in.).
LIf = final immersion sump inclined liquid level indicators
reading, cm (in.).
LIi = initial immersion sump inclined liquid level indicators
reading, cm (in.).
SB = length of the boiling sump, m (ft).
SI = length of the immersion sump, m (ft).
SV = length of the solvent vapor/air interface, m (ft).
WB = width of the boiling sump, m (ft).
WI = width of the immersion sump, m (ft).
WV = width of the solvent vapor/air interface, m (ft).
= density of solvent, g/m3 (lb/ft3).
= test time, hr.
4.2 Area of Sump Interfaces. Calculate the areas of the boiling
and immersion sump interfaces as follows:
AB = SB WB Eq. 307-1
AI = SI WI Eq. 307-2
4.3 Area of Solvent/Air Interface. Calculate the area of the
solvent vapor/air interface as follows:
AV = SV WV Eq. 307-3
4.4 Emission Rate. Calculate the emission rate as follows:
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4. Appendix B to Part 63 is revised to read as follows:
Appendix B--Test of Solvent Cleaning Procedures
General Questions
______ 1. What is the maximum allowable speed for parts entry and
removal?
A. 8.5 meters per minute (28 feet per minute).
B. 3.4 meters per minute (11 feet per minute).
C. 11 meters per minute (36 feet per minute).
D. No limit.
______ 2. How do you ensure that parts enter and exit the solvent
cleaning machine at the speed required in the regulation?
A. Program on computerized hoist monitors speed.
B. Can judge the speed by looking at it.
C. Measure the time it takes the parts to travel a measured
distance.
______ 3. Identify the sources of air disturbances.
A. Fans
B. Open doors
C. Open windows
D. Ventilation vents
E. All of the above
______ 4. What are the three operating modes?
A. Idling, working and downtime
B. Precleaning, cleaning, and drying
C. Startup, shutdown, off
D. None of the above
______ 5. When can parts or parts baskets be removed from the
solvent cleaning machine?
A. When they are clean
B. At any time
C. When dripping stops
D. Either A or C is correct
______ 6. How must parts be oriented during cleaning?
A. It does not matter as long as they fit in the parts basket.
B. So that the solvent pools in the cavities where the dirt is
concentrated.
C. So that solvent drains from them freely.
______ 7. During startup, what must be turned on first, the primary
condenser or the sump heater?
A. Primary condenser
B. Sump heater
C. Turn both on at same time
D. Either A or B is correct
______ 8. During shutdown, what must be turned off first, the
primary condenser or the sump heater?
A. Primary condenser
B. Sump heater
C. Turn both off at same time
D. Either A or B is correct
______ 9. In what manner must solvent be added to and removed from
the solvent cleaning machine?
A. With leak proof couplings
B. With the end of the pipe in the solvent sump below the liquid
solvent surface.
C. So long as the solvent does not spill, the method does not
matter.
D. A and B
______ 10. What must be done with waste solvent and still and sump
bottoms?
A. Pour down the drain
B. Store in closed container
C. Store in a bucket
D. A or B
______ 11. What types of materials are prohibited from being cleaned
in solvent cleaning machines using halogenated HAP solvents?
A. Sponges
B. Fabrics
C. Paper
D. All of the above
Control Device Specific Questions
[ ] Freeboard Refrigeration Device
______ 1. What temperature must the FRD achieve?
A. Below room temperature
B. 50 deg.F
C. Below the solvent boiling point
D. 30 percent below the solvent boiling point
[ ] Working-Mode Cover
______ 2. When can a cover be open?
A. While parts are in the cleaning machine
B. During parts entry and removal
C. During maintenance
D. During measurements for compliance purposes
E. A and C
F. B, C, and D
______ 3. Covers must be maintained in what condition?
A. Free of holes
B. Free of cracks
C. So that they completely seal cleaner opening
D. All of the above
[ ] Dwell
______ 4. Where must the parts be held for the appropriate dwell
time?
A. In the vapor zone
B. In the freeboard area above the vapor zone
C. Above the cleaning machine
D. In the immersion sump
Answers
General Questions
1. B
2. A or C
3. E
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. B
11. D
Control Device Specific Questions
1. D
2. F
3. D
4. B
5. Appendix C is added to Part 63 to read as follows:
Appendix C--General Provisions Applicability to Subpart T
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Applies to subpart T
Reference ---------------------------- Comments
BCC BVI
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
63.1(a) (1)-(3).............. Yes......... Yes.........
63.1(a)(4)................... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T (this appendix) specifies applicability of
each paragraph in subpart A to subpart T.
63.1(a)(5)................... No.......... No..........
63.1(a) (6)-(8).............. Yes......... Yes.........
63.1(a)(9)................... No.......... No..........
63.1(a)(10).................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.1(a)(11).................. No.......... No.......... Subpart T allows submittal of notifications and
reports through the U.S. mail, fax, and courier.
Subpart T requires that the postmark for
notifications and reports submitted through the U.S.
mail or other non-Governmental mail carriers be on
or before deadline specified in an applicable
requirement.
63.1(a) (12)-(14)............ Yes......... Yes.........
63.1(b)(1)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T specifies applicability.
63.1(b)(2)................... No.......... Yes.........
63.1(b)(3)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T requires that a record of halogenated
cleaning machine applicability determination be kept
on site for 5 years, or until the cleaning machine
changes its operations. The record shall be
sufficiently detailed to allow the Administrator to
make a finding about the source's applicability
status with regard to subpart T.
63.1(c)(1)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.1(c)(2)................... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T, section 63.46(8)(h), indicates a Title V
permit exemption for halogenated HAP batch cold
solvent cleaning machines that are not major sources
and not located at a major source. This section also
specifies a deferral from the requirement of a Title
V permit for owners or operators of solvent cleaning
machines subject to subpart T provisions, other than
halogenated HAP batch cold solvent cleaning
machines, that are not major sources, and not
located at a major source.
63.1(c)(3)................... No.......... No..........
63.1(c)(4)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.1(c)(5)................... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T does not require continuous monitoring
systems (CMS) or continuous opacity monitoring
systems. Therefore, notifications and requirements
for CMS and COMS specified in subpart A do not apply
to subpart T.
63.1(d)...................... No.......... No..........
63.1(e)...................... No.......... Yes.........
63.2......................... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T definitions (section 63.461) for existing
and new overlap with the definitions for existing
source and new source in subpart A (section 63.2).
Both subpart A and T also define Administrator.
63.3(a)-(c).................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.4(a) (1)-(3).............. Yes......... Yes.........
63.4(a)(4)................... No.......... No..........
63.4(a)(5)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.4(b)-(c).................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.5(a)(1)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.5(a)(2)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.5(b)(1)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.5(b)(2)................... No.......... No..........
63.5(b)(3)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T overrides the requirement for approval
prior to constructing a new or reconstructing an
existing major source.
63.5(b)(4)-(6)............... Yes......... Yes.........
63.5(c)...................... No.......... No..........
63.5 (d)-(f)................. No.......... No.......... Subpart T overrides the requirement to submit an
application for approval of construction or
reconstruction of a halogenated solvent cleaning
machine.
63.6(a)...................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.6(b) (1)-(5).............. Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T, section 63.460, specifies compliance
dates.
63.6(b)(6)................... No.......... No..........
63.6(b)(7)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T has the same requirements for affected
halogenated HAP solvent cleaning machine
subcategories that are located at area sources as it
does for those located at major sources.
63.6(c)(1)-(2)............... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T allows 3 years from the date of
promulgation for both area and major existing
sources to comply.
63.6(c) (3)-(4).............. No.......... No..........
63.6(c)(5)................... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T has the same requirements for affected
halogenated HAP solvent cleaning machine
subcategories that are located at area sources as it
does for those located at major sources.
Subpart T allows 3 years from the date of
promulgation for both area and major existing
sources to comply.
63.6(d)...................... No.......... No..........
63.6(e)(1)-(2)............... Yes......... Yes.........
63.6(e)(3)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T overrides the requirement of a startup,
shutdown, and malfunction plan. Subpart T specifies
startup and shutdown procedures to be followed by an
owner or operator for batch vapor and in-line
cleaning machines.
63.6(f)-(g).................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.6(h)...................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require compliance with an opacity
or visible emission standard.
63.6(i) (1)-(14)............. Yes......... Yes.........
63.6(i)(15).................. No.......... No..........
63.6(i)(16).................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.6(j)...................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.7(a)...................... No.......... Yes......... Subpart T gives owners or operators the option to
perform an idling emission performance test as a way
of demonstrating compliance. Other options are also
available that do not require a performance test.
63.7(b)...................... No.......... Yes......... This is only required for those owners or operators
that choose the idling emission standard as their
compliance option.
63.7(c)(1)................... No.......... Yes......... This is only required for those owners or operators
that choose the idling emission standard as their
compliance option.
63.7(c) (2)-(3).............. No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require a site-specific test plan
for the idling emission performance test.
63.7(c)(4)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require a performance test that
involves the retrieval of gas samples, and therefore
this does not apply.
63.7(d)...................... No.......... No.......... Requirements do not apply to the idling emission
performance test option.
63.7(e)...................... No.......... Yes.........
63.7(f)...................... No.......... Yes.........
63.7(g)...................... No.......... Yes......... Subpart T specifies what is required to demonstrate
idling emission standard compliance through the use
of the Environmental Protection Agency test method
307 and control device monitoring. Reports and
records of testing and monitoring are required for
compliance verification. Three runs of the test are
required for compliance, as specified in section
63.7(e) of subpart A.
63.7(h)...................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require the use of a performance
test to comply with the standard. The idling
emission standard option (which requires an idling
emission performance test) is an alternative option
offered to owners or operators of batch vapor and in-
line cleaning machines for compliance flexibility.
63.8 (a)-(b)................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.8 (c)-(e)................. No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require the use of continuous
monitoring systems to demonstrate compliance.
63.8(f)...................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.8(g)...................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require continuous opacity
monitoring systems and continuous monitoring systems
data.
63.9(a) (1)-(4).............. Yes......... Yes.........
63.9(b)(1)................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.9(b)(2)................... Yes......... Yes......... Subpart T includes all of those requirements stated
in subpart A, except that subpart A also requires a
statement as to whether the affected source is a
major or an area source, and an identification of
the relevant standard (including the source's
compliance date). Subpart T also has some more
specific information requirements specific to the
affected source (see subpart T, sections 63.468(a)-
(b)).
63.9(b)(3)................... Yes......... Yes......... The subpart A and subpart T initial notification
reports differ (see above).
63.9(b)(4)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require an application for
approval of construction or reconstruction.
63.9(b)(5)................... Yes......... Yes......... .....................................................
63.9(c)...................... Yes......... Yes......... .....................................................
63.9(d)...................... Yes......... Yes......... .....................................................
63.9(e)...................... Yes......... Yes......... Under subpart T, this requirement only applies to
owners or operators choosing to comply with the
idling emissions standard.
63.9(f)...................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require opacity or visible
emission observations.
63.9(g)(1)................... No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require the use of continuous
monitoring systems or continuous opacity monitoring
systems.
63.9(h)...................... No.......... No.......... Section 63.468 of subpart T requires an initial
statement of compliance for existing sources to be
submitted to the Administrator no later than 150
days after the compliance date specified in section
63.460(d) of subpart T. For new sources, this report
is to be submitted to the Administrator no later
than 150 days from the date specified in section
63.460(c).
63.9(i)...................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.9(j)...................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.10(a)..................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.10(b)..................... No.......... No.......... Recordkeeping requirements are specified in subpart
T.
63.10(c) (1)-(15)............ No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require continuous monitoring
systems.
63.10(d)(1).................. Yes......... Yes.........
63.10(d)(2).................. No.......... No.......... Reporting requirements are specified in subpart T.
63.10(e) (l)-(2)............. No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require continuous emissions
monitoring systems.
63.10(e)(3).................. No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require continuous monitoring
systems.
63.10(e)(4).................. No.......... No.......... Subpart T does not require continuous opacity
monitoring systems.
63.10(f)..................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.11(a)..................... Yes......... Yes.........
63.11(b)..................... No.......... No.......... Flares are not a control option under subpart T.
63.12 (a)-(c)................ Yes......... Yes.........
63.13 (a)-(c)................ Yes......... Yes.........
63.14........................ No.......... No.......... Subpart T requirements do not require the use of the
test methods incorporated by reference in subpart A.
63.15(a)-(b)................. Yes......... Yes.........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BCC=Batch Cold Cleaning Machines.
BVI=Batch Vapor and In-line Cleaning Machines.
[FR Doc. 94-28974 Filed 12-01-94; 8:45 am]
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