[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 44 (Monday, March 8, 1999)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 11346-11357]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-5552]
[[Page 11345]]
_______________________________________________________________________
Part XIV
Department of Agriculture
_______________________________________________________________________
Agricultural Marketing Service
_______________________________________________________________________
7 CFR Parts 916 and 917
Nectarines and Peaches Grown in California; Revision of Handling
Requirements for Fresh Nectarines and Peaches; Proposed Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 64, No. 44 / Monday, March 8, 1999 / Proposed
Rules
[[Page 11346]]
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Agricultural Marketing Service
7 CFR Parts 916 and 917
[Docket No. FV99-916-2 PR]
Nectarines and Peaches Grown in California; Revision of Handling
Requirements for Fresh Nectarines and Peaches
AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: This rule invites comments on revisions to the handling
requirements for California nectarines and peaches by modifying the
grade, size, maturity, and container marking requirements for fresh
shipments of these fruits, beginning with 1999 season shipments. This
rule would also authorize continued shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality
nectarines and peaches during the 1999 season with an increased
percentage of U.S. No. 1 nectarines and peaches in each container. This
rule would enable handlers to continue shipping fresh nectarines and
peaches meeting consumer needs in the interest of producers, handlers,
and consumers of these fruits.
DATES: Comments must be received by March 29, 1999.
ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit written comments
concerning this proposal. Comments must be sent to the Docket Clerk,
Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, P.O. Box 96456, room 2525-S,
Washington, DC 20090-6456; Fax: (202) 720-5698; or E-mail:
moabdocket__clerk@usda.gov. All comments should reference the docket
number and the date and page number of this issue of the Federal
Register and will be made available for public inspection at the Office
of the Docket Clerk during regular business hours.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Terry Vawter, Marketing Specialist, or
Kurt J. Kimmel, Regional Manager, California Marketing Field Office,
Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs,
AMS, USDA, 2202 Monterey Street, suite 102B, Fresno, California 93721;
telephone: (559) 487-5901, Fax: (559) 487-5906; or George Kelhart,
Technical Advisor, Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and
Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, room 2525-S, P.O. Box 96456, Washington,
DC 20090-6456; telephone: (202) 720-2491, Fax: (202) 720-5698. Small
businesses may request information on compliance with this regulation,
or obtain a guide on complying with fruit, vegetable, and specialty
crop marketing agreements and orders by contacting Jay Guerber,
Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs,
AMS, USDA, P.O. Box 96456, room 2525-S, Washington, DC 20090-6456;
telephone: (202) 720-2491; Fax: (202) 720-5698; or E-mail:
Jay__N__Guerber@usda.gov. You may view the marketing agreement and
order small business compliance guide at the following web site: http:/
/www.ams.usda.gov/fv/moab.html.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This proposal is issued under Marketing
Agreements Nos. 124 and 85, and Marketing Order Nos. 916 and 917 (7 CFR
parts 916 and 917) regulating the handling of nectarines and peaches
grown in California, respectively, hereinafter referred to as the
``orders.'' The marketing agreements and orders are effective under the
Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as amended (7 U.S.C. 601-
674), hereinafter referred to as the ``Act.''
The Department of Agriculture (Department) is issuing this rule in
conformance with Executive Order 12866.
This proposal has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, Civil
Justice Reform. This rule is not intended to have retroactive effect.
This rule will not preempt any State or local laws, regulations, or
policies, unless they present an irreconcilable conflict with this
rule.
The Act provides that administrative proceedings must be exhausted
before parties may file suit in court. Under section 608c(15)(A) of the
Act, any handler subject to an order may file with the Secretary a
petition stating that the order, any provision of the order, or any
obligation imposed in connection with the order is not in accordance
with law and request a modification of the order or to be exempted
therefrom. A handler is afforded the opportunity for a hearing on the
petition. After the hearing the Secretary would rule on the petition.
The Act provides that the district court of the United States in any
district in which the handler is an inhabitant, or has his or her
principal place of business, has jurisdiction to review the Secretary's
ruling on the petition, provided an action is filed not later than 20
days after the date of the entry of the ruling.
This proposal invites comment on revisions to the handling
requirements currently prescribed for shipments of fresh nectarines and
peaches under the orders.
Under the orders, grade, size, maturity, and container and pack
requirements are established for fresh shipments of California
nectarines and peaches. Such requirements are in effect on a continuing
basis. The Nectarine Administrative Committee (NAC) and the Peach
Commodity Committee (PCC) (committees), which are responsible for local
administration of the orders, met on December 2, 1998, and unanimously
recommended that these handling requirements be revised for the 1999
season, which begins April 1, with one exception. The Nectarine
Administrative Committee voted 4 in favor and 3 opposed to continuing
shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality nectarines with an increased
percentage of U.S. No. 1 nectarines in boxes of ``CA Utility'' quality
nectarines; and the Peach Commodity Committee voted 7 in favor and 4
opposed to continuing shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality peaches with
an increased percentage of U.S. No. 1 peaches in boxes of ``CA
Utility'' quality peaches. The nectarine order requires six concurring
votes on recommendations for regulations and the peach order requires
nine concurring votes on recommendations for regulations. As a result,
these two votes did not meet the minimums prescribed to constitute
official recommendations to the Secretary. Nectarine and peach handlers
have been authorized to ship ``CA Utility'' quality fruit since the
1996 season, and such shipments have comprised about two percent of
total shipments. Such fruit is mature but of a lower quality than U.S.
No. 1 fruit and is acceptable in some markets. If shipments of ``CA
Utility'' quality fruit are not permitted, only higher-quality fruit
could be shipped.
Because prior season experience shows that the authority to ship
``CA Utility'' quality fruit provided additional marketing
opportunities for handlers, the Department is proposing continuing to
allow such shipments during 1999. Inviting written comments on this
matter will give all interested persons the opportunity to submit
detailed information which can be used to help the Department decide on
the best course of action.
The changes would: (1) Require that maturity and ``CA Utility''
quality marking of containers be a minimum of \3/8\ inch in height; (2)
require that experimental containers and 22G containers be marked with
both the size and the count of fruit contained in the package; (3)
require that master containers of consumer packages be marked with the
minimum size fruit contained in the consumer packages; (4) add weight
counts for early-season, mid-
[[Page 11347]]
season, and late-season varieties; (5) continue shipments of ``CA
Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches, and increase the percentage
of U.S. No. 1 nectarines and peaches permitted in containers of ``CA
Utility quality'' fruit from the current 30 percent to 40 percent,
provided that the additional 10 percent of U.S. No. 1 fruit in the
container has non-scoreable blemishes; and (6) revise varietal maturity
and size requirements to reflect recent changes in growing conditions.
The committees meet prior to and during each season to review the
rules and regulations effective on a continuing basis for California
nectarines and peaches under the orders. Committee meetings are open to
the public, and interested persons may express their views at these
meetings. The Department reviews committee recommendations and
information, as well as information from other sources, and determines
whether modification, suspension, or termination of the rules and
regulations would tend to effectuate the declared policy of the Act.
No official crop estimate was available at the time of the
committees' meetings because the nectarine and peach trees are dormant.
The committees will recommend a crop estimate at their meetings in
early spring. However, preliminary estimates indicate that the 1999
crop will be somewhat larger in size but similar in characteristics to
the 1998 crop which totaled 16,916,900 boxes of nectarines and
18,202,300 boxes of peaches.
Container Marking Requirements
Sections 916.52 and 917.41 of the orders for nectarines and
peaches, respectively, authorize container marking requirements.
Requirements for container markings are specified in Secs. 916.350 and
917.442 of the orders' rules and regulations. Container marking
requirements include marking of the commodity and variety (e.g., July
Red Nectarines), the size of the fruit in the box (e.g., 80 size), the
net weight, the maturity (either U.S. Mature (US MAT), or California
Well-Matured (CA WELL MAT)), or the quality (i.e., ``CA Utility''), on
each container of nectarines and peaches.
This proposal would revise paragraphs (a)(3) of Secs. 916.350 and
917.442 in the orders' rules and regulations to require that maturity
markings on containers be in letters at least \3/8\ inch in height.
This proposal would also revise the current quality marking requirement
in paragraphs (d) of Secs. 916.350 and 917.442 for ``CA Utility'' from
a minimum of \3/4\ inch in height to a minimum of \3/8\ inch in height.
These proposed changes would standardize marking requirements on
containers by specifying a minimum lettering height of \3/8\ inch for
both maturity and quality markings. This is intended to assure that all
containers shipped by nectarine and peach handlers are similarly
marked.
The committees unanimously recommended that the lettering
indicating fruit maturity and quality on containers be standardized at
a minimum height of \3/8\ inch. The \3/8\ inch minimum would be
appropriate, given the number of other markings, required or voluntary,
on each container. Such lettering is also readily legible to the
Federal or Federal-State Inspection Service (Inspection Service) and
compliance officers representing the committees. The \3/8\ inch minimum
letter height standard would also eliminate any confusion among
handlers about which size is required for markings by reducing the
currently-required 3/4 inch minimum marking for ``CA Utility'' to a
minimum \3/8\ inch in height and specifying similar requirements for
maturity markings.
Sections 916.350 and 917.442 of the orders' rules and regulations
also require containers to be marked with the size and/or number of
pieces of fruit in the container (count).
In commonly-used containers such as the No. 22D and the No. 32
boxes the configurations of fruit results in the fruit size and count
being the same. The No. 22G standard lug box, however, has a different
shape which results in a different tray-pack configuration than those
of the No. 22D and the No. 32 boxes. The shape of the No. 22G container
also imposes tighter limits on the number of fruit that can be tray
packed in it than the No. 22D and No. 32 boxes, and the fruit size and
count are not the same. Thus, handlers using it should be required to
indicate the number of fruit in the container as well as the fruit
size, since the fruit size and count are not always the same in this
container. This is also true for some experimental packages, as well,
since there are no standardized pack configurations for experimental
packages, and, thus, no standardized basis for comparison against the
No. 22D and No. 32 boxes is possible. Experimental containers, in
addition to the No. 22G standard lug box, would be required to be
marked with both the size and the count of fruit contained in the
package.
To lessen the chances of confusion in the marketplace with such
containers, the committees unanimously recommended requiring that the
No. 22G standard lug box and experimental containers be marked with
both the size and count of the fruit contained in the package.
To implement this change, paragraphs (a)(4)(i) and (a)(4)(ii) of
Sec. 916.350 would be revised to add the requirement that experimental
containers be marked with both the size and count of nectarines
contained within the containers. Paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of Sec. 917.442
would also be revised to add the requirement that the No. 22G standard
lug box be marked with both the size and count of peaches contained
within the container.
Sections 916.350 and 917.442 also specify markings that are
required on master containers of consumer packages, consumer packages
within master containers, and consumer packages not within master
containers. Master containers must be marked with the net weight of
each consumer package, the number of individual consumer packages, the
size description of the fruit in each consumer package, and the name
and address of the shipper. Consumer packages within the master
containers must be marked with the name and address of the shipper and
the net weight of the container. When the consumer package is not in a
master container, the consumer package must also be marked with the
number of fruit in the package, the name of the variety, if known, and
the maturity of the fruit in the package.
Authority for consumer packages permits handlers to pack and ship
nectarines and peaches in other types of containers demanded by their
customers. The fruit packages are tailored to the requirements of the
buyer, and the buyer may require the handler to pack consumer packages
of several different sizes of fruit within the master container. For
example, a master container may contain five consumer packages. One
consumer package may contain size 64 nectarines, while two other
consumer packages may contain size 70 nectarines. The remaining two
consumer packages may contain size 60 nectarines. In this example, each
consumer package contains the same size nectarines, but the master
container contains consumer packages with different nectarine sizes.
The committees unanimously recommended that such size variations
from consumer package to consumer package within a master container
should be indicated on the master container. The committees determined
that the marking on the master container should accurately and clearly
reflect the minimum size contained within the package containing the
smallest size fruit and that the master container contains consumer
packages with larger
[[Page 11348]]
sized fruit. Thus, a master container would be marked ``Minimum size 60
and larger'' or ``Minimum size 96 and larger,'' when the consumer
packages in the master container contain different fruit sizes. This is
intended to provide more accurate information to the buyers of the
fruit.
Thus, paragraph (a)(8)(i) of Sec. 916.350 and paragraph (a)(9)(i)
of Sec. 917.442 of the orders' rules and regulations would be revised
to require that the markings on master containers containing consumer
packages of different sizes of nectarines and peaches specify the
smallest size in the packages, and, when applicable, indicate that the
individual packages include larger-sized fruit.
Pack Regulations
Container markings based on weight-count standards are also
specified in Tables 1 and 2 of paragraphs (a)(4)(iv) in Secs. 916.350
and 917.442 of the orders' rules and regulations. The purpose of the
weight-count standards is to establish the maximum number of nectarines
or peaches in a 16-pound sample for each individual size designation.
To facilitate the repacking of nectarines and peaches from tray-packs
into volume-filled containers, the committees routinely conduct tests
to determine the optimum weight-count standards for early-season, mid-
season, and late-season nectarines and peaches, respectively, based on
the sizes of nectarines and peaches in tray-packs. Tray-packs fit into
standard nectarine and peach boxes and have molded cavities for the
fruit to sit in. Trays with different cavity sizes are used, depending
upon the size of the fruit being packed. Handlers have traditionally
used tray-packs to securely package nectarines and peaches. However,
some handlers have moved away from tray-packed configurations toward
volume-filled configurations in recent years.
Handlers of nectarines and peaches have informed the committees
that some larger sizes of nectarines and peaches are increasingly being
converted from tray-packs to volume-filled packs. Since volume-filled
containers are less costly to pack and market demands change, handlers
have opted to pack a greater proportion of the larger-sized, high-
quality fruit in volume-filled containers.
Size studies were performed by the NAC and PCC in 1994 and 1995,
and were used as a basis for changing some of the weight counts.
Because nectarines and peaches of size 44 were not packed in volume-
filled containers, no weight counts were published for size 44
nectarines and peaches at that time. As the practice of converting
tray-packed containers of size 44 nectarines and peaches to volume-
filled containers has increased, the need to publish a weight-count
standard also increased.
The committees have used the previously-conducted size studies to
determine the weight-count standards for size 44 nectarine and peach
sizes for inclusion in the weight-count standards. The NAC has
determined that the weight-count standard for size 44 should be a
maximum of 33 pieces for early-season nectarines and a maximum of 30
pieces of mid-season and late-season nectarines in a 16-pound sample.
The PCC has determined that the weight count standard for size 44
should be a maximum of 33 pieces of fruit in a 16-pound sample for all
peach varieties.
Therefore, the NAC and PCC unanimously recommended modifications to
the weight-count standards for nectarines and peaches by the addition
weight-count standards for size 44 nectarines and peaches. To implement
such a change, Tables 1 and 2 of paragraphs (a)(4)(iv) in Secs. 916.350
and 917.442 of the regulations are proposed to be modified by adding
size 44 and the applicable weight-count standard of a maximum of 33
pieces of early-season nectarines and all peaches, and a maximum of 30
pieces of mid-season and late-season nectarines in a 16-pound sample.
These changes would permit handlers to more easily convert tray-packed
nectarines and peaches to volume-filled containers, decrease the
handling costs associated with that conversion, and meet marketing
demands.
Quality Requirements
Sections 916.52 and 917.41 of the orders authorize the
establishment of grade and quality requirements for nectarines and
peaches, respectively. Prior to the 1996 season, Sec. 916.356 of the
order's rules and regulations required nectarines to meet a modified
U.S. No. 1 grade. Specifically, nectarines were required to meet U.S.
No. 1 grade requirements, except there was a slightly tighter
requirement for scarring and a more liberal allowance for misshapen
fruit. Under Sec. 917.459 of the order's rules and regulations prior to
the 1996 season, peaches were also required to meet the requirements of
a U.S. No. 1 grade, except there was a more liberal allowance for open
sutures that were not ``serious damage.''
Under Secs. 916.356 and 917.459, shipments of ``CA Utility''
quality nectarines and peaches have been permitted since the 1996
season, contingent upon such containers meeting certain relaxed quality
requirements. ``CA Utility'' quality is a lower-quality fruit than U.S.
No. 1. Currently, the requirement for containers of ``CA Utility''
nectarines and peaches provides that not more than 30 percent of the
fruit in any container meet or exceed the requirements of U.S. No. 1.
This proposal would allow handlers to continue shipping ``CA Utility''
fruit during the 1999 season, and increase the 30 percent limitation to
not more than 40 percent except that the additional 10 percent of the
U.S. No. 1 fruit must have non-scoreable blemishes.
Containers marked ``CA Utility'' must be inspected by the
Inspection Service and certified as meeting the ``CA Utility'' quality
requirements. Part of the inspection process is to evaluate the fruit
in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Standards for Grades of
Nectarines, the U.S. Standards for Grade of Peaches, (Standards) and
the orders. In conducting inspections, inspectors are required to
evaluate various blemishes. Some blemishes are serious or severe enough
to be ``scored'' against the fruit as defects which are damaging to the
grade of the fruit, while some other blemishes are not serious or
severe enough to affect the grade of the fruit. In the first instance,
the blemishes are termed ``scoreable'' defects; and, in the second
instance, the blemishes are termed ``non-scoreable'' defects. Some
members of the committees supported a requirement that such non-
scoreable blemishes must be present on the additional 10 percent of the
fruit grading U.S. No. 1 in boxes marked ``CA Utility'' during the 1999
season.
A similar requirement was in place during the latter part of the
1998 season. At that time, unseasonal summer rains had caused increased
``non-scoreable'' defects which detracted from the overall appearance
of U.S. No. 1 nectarines and peaches for some handlers. An interim
final rule was published on September 22, 1998 (63 FR 50461), and a
final rule was published on November 9, 1998 (63 FR 60209).
While containers marked ``CA Utility'' fruit are subject to relaxed
quality requirements, all other grade and marking requirements of the
orders must be met.
At the committee meetings on December 2, 1998, at least one handler
complained that fruit with non-scoreable blemishes was unsightly in the
type of U.S. No. 1 box he offered to the marketplace and to his
customers. His preference was to place such fruit in boxes marked ``CA
Utility.'' The current limitation of not more than 30 percent U.S. No.
1 fruit in containers marked ``CA Utility'' caused the Inspection
Service to determine that his ``CA
[[Page 11349]]
Utility'' containers were ``out of grade,'' because they contained more
U.S. No. 1 fruit than permitted. For that reason, the handler was
forced to remove the fruit from the ``CA Utility'' boxes, and either
repack his U.S. No. 1 to include this fruit or discard the fruit.
Therefore, the limitation of not more than 30 percent U.S. No. 1 in
``CA Utility'' quality containers became a hindrance and was eliminated
by the September 22, 1998, rulemaking action.
A niche market exists for ``CA Utility'' quality fruit and an
opportunity should be made available to market somewhat better quality.
It was estimated by a handler of ``CA Utility'' quality fruit that the
relaxation from not more than 30 percent U.S. No. 1 in the containers
to not more than 40 percent provided that the additional 10 percent
U.S. No. 1 in the containers has non-scoreable blemishes will increase
shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches by
approximately one-half of one percent. A majority of the members of
both committees supported the change, because the change had been in
effect at the end of the 1998 season. However, one committee member
commented that there was little merit to adding one-half of one percent
to the marketplace. Another indicated that perhaps a review of the
entire grade structure would address the problem and did not advocate
relaxing the percentage of U.S. No. 1 in ``CA Utility'' containers. A
majority of the committee members present voted to relax the percentage
from 30 percent U.S. No. 1 in containers marked ``CA Utility'' to 40
percent U.S. No. 1 provided that the additional 10 percent of the U.S.
No. 1 had non-scoreable blemishes. The vote by the NAC was 4 in favor
and 3 opposed, and the vote by the PCC was 7 in favor and 4 opposed.
The nectarine order requires six concurring votes on regulatory
recommendations, and the peach order requires nine concurring votes on
regulatory recommendations. As a result, these two votes did not meet
the minimums prescribed to constitute official recommendations to the
Secretary.
Because prior seasons' experience shows that the authority to ship
``CA Utility'' quality fruit provided additional marketing
opportunities for handlers, the Department is proposing continuing to
allow such shipments during 1999. Inviting written comments on this
matter will give all interested persons the opportunity to submit
detailed information which can be used to help the Department decide on
the best course of action on continuing to allow such shipments and on
the proposed standards for ``CA Utility'' quality fruit.
Historically, shipments of ``CA Utility'' nectarines represented
1.1 percent of all nectarine shipments, or approximately 210,000 boxes
in 1996. In 1997, shipments of ``CA Utility'' nectarines represented
1.1 percent of all nectarine shipments, or approximately 230,000 boxes.
In 1998, shipments of ``CA Utility'' nectarines represented 4.5 percent
of all nectarine shipments, or approximately 760,000 boxes. Shipments
of ``CA Utility'' peaches represented 1.9 percent of all peach
shipments, or 366,000 boxes in 1996. In 1997, shipments of ``CA
Utility'' peaches represented 1.0 percent of all peach shipments, or
approximately 217,000 boxes. In 1998, shipments of ``CA Utility''
peaches represented 3.3 percent of all peach shipments, or
approximately 602,000 boxes.
For these reasons, the Department proposes to allow continued
shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches for the 1999
season with an increase in the percentage of U.S. No. 1 fruit permitted
in each container. Paragraphs (d) of Secs. 916.350 and 917.442, and
paragraphs (a)(1) of Secs. 916.356 and 917.459 are proposed to be
revised to permit shipments of nectarines and peaches meeting revised
``CA Utility'' quality requirements during the 1999 season.
Maturity Requirements
Both orders provide (in Secs. 916.52 and 917.41) authority to
establish maturity requirements for nectarines and peaches,
respectively. The minimum maturity level currently specified for
nectarines and peaches is ``mature'' as defined in the standards.
Additionally, both orders'' rules and regulations provide for a higher,
``well matured'' classification. For most varieties, ``well-matured''
fruit determinations are made using maturity guides (e.g., color
chips). These maturity guides are reviewed each year by the Shipping
Point Inspection Service (SPI) to determine whether they need to be
changed based on the most-recent information available on the
individual characteristics of each variety.
These maturity guides established under the handling regulations of
the nectarine and peach marketing orders have been codified in the Code
of Federal Regulations as Table 1 to paragraphs (a)(1)(iv) of
Secs. 916.356 and 917.459, for nectarines and peaches, respectively.
Currently, Secs. 916.356 and 917.459 include both ``Table 1'' and
``Table 1 to Paragraphs (a)(1)(iv)''. ``Table 1'' is a duplicate of
``Table 1 to Paragraphs (a)(1)(iv)'' and would be removed from both
sections. The latter table is referred to as ``Table 1'' in the
remainder of this document.
The requirements in the 1999 handling regulation are the same as
those which appeared in the 1998 handling regulation with a few
exceptions. Those exceptions are explained below in this proposed rule.
Nectarines: Requirements for ``well-matured'' nectarines are
specified in Sec. 916.356 of the order's rules and regulations. As
proposed, Table 1 to paragraph (a)(1)(iv) of Sec. 916.356 would be
revised to add a maturity guide for one nectarine variety.
Specifically, SPI recommended adding a maturity guide for the Diamond
Jewel nectarine variety at a maturity guide of L.
The NAC recommended these maturity requirements based on SPI's
continuing review of individual maturity characteristics and
identification of the appropriate maturity guide corresponding to the
``well-matured'' level of maturity for nectarine varieties in
production.
Peaches: Section 917.459 of the order's rules and regulations
specifies maturity requirements for fresh peaches being inspected and
certified as being ``well matured.'' Table 1 to paragraph (a)(1)(iv) of
Sec. 917.459 would be revised to add maturity guides for three peach
varieties. Specifically, SPI recommended adding the maturity guides for
the Sweet Scarlet peach variety to be regulated at the J maturity
guide, and the Lady Sue and Prima Gattie 8 peach varieties to be
regulated at the L maturity guide.
The PCC unanimously recommended these maturity requirements based
on SPI's continuing review of individual maturity characteristics and
identification of the appropriate maturity guide corresponding to the
``well-matured'' level of maturity for peach varieties in production.
Size Requirements
Both orders provide authority to establish size requirements in
Secs. 916.52 and 917.41. Size regulations provide greater consumer
satisfaction and encourage more repeat purchases by helping to ensure
consumers are provided high-quality fruit. Size regulations, therefore,
increase returns to producers and handlers by encouraging producers to
leave fruit on the tree longer. The increased growing time not only
improves the size of the fruit, but also increases its maturity.
Increased size also results in an increased number of packed boxes of
nectarines or peaches per acre. Varieties recommended for specific size
regulation have been reviewed and such
[[Page 11350]]
recommendations are based on the specific characteristics of each
variety. The NAC and PCC conduct studies each season on the range of
sizes reached by the regulated varieties and determine whether
revisions in the size requirements are appropriate.
Nectarines: Section 916.356 of the order's rules and regulations
specifies minimum size requirements for fresh nectarines in paragraphs
(a)(2) through (a)(9). As proposed, Sec. 916.356 would be revised to
establish variety-specific size requirements for five nectarine
varieties that were produced in commercially-significant quantities of
more than 10,000 packages for the first time during the 1998 season.
For example, one of the varieties recommended for addition to the
variety-specific size requirements is the Sunny Red variety. Studies of
the size ranges attained by the Sunny Red variety revealed that all of
the nectarines of that variety met sizes in the ranges of sizes 30, 40,
50, 60, 70, and 80. While the size distribution peaked on the size 40,
100 percent of the fruit sized at a minimum of size 80.
A review of other varieties with the same harvesting period
indicated that Sunny Red was also comparable to those varieties in its
size ranges. Further, handlers known to ship the variety have provided
additional supporting information for making this determination. Thus,
the recommendation to place the Sunny Red nectarine variety in the
variety-specific size regulation at a size 80 would be appropriate.
Historical variety data such as this provides the NAC with the
information necessary to recommend the appropriate sizes at which to
regulate various nectarine varieties. In addition, producers of the
varieties affected are invited to comment when such size
recommendations are deliberated.
Thus, to implement such size requirements, the introductory text of
paragraph (a)(6) in Sec. 916.356 would be revised to include the Grand
Pearl, Ruby Pearl, Sunny Red, Terra White, and 491-48 nectarine
varieties.
This rule would also revise the introductory text of paragraph
(a)(4) of Sec. 916.356 to remove two nectarine varieties; and the
introductory text of paragraph (a)(6) of Sec. 916.356 would be revised
to remove ten nectarine varieties from the variety-specific size
requirements specified in this section because less than 5,000 packages
of each of these varieties were produced during the 1998 season. As
proposed, the introductory text of paragraph (a)(4) would be revised to
remove the June Brite and Pacific Star nectarine varieties; and the
introductory text of paragraph (a)(6) would be revised to remove the
Flamekist, Flavor Grand, Late How Red, Moon Grand, Prima Diamond XVIII,
Red Free, Red Fred, Ruby Grand, September Grand, and Summer Star
nectarine varieties. Nectarine varieties removed from the nectarine
variety-specific list become subject to the non-listed variety size
requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(7), (a)(8), and (a)(9) of
Sec. 916.356.
The NAC recommended these changes in the minimum size requirements
based on a continuing review of the sizing and maturity relationships
for these nectarine varieties, and consumer acceptance levels for
various sizes of fruit. This proposal would establish minimum size
requirements for fresh nectarines consistent with expected crop and
market conditions.
Peaches: Section 917.459 of the order's rules and regulations
specifies minimum size requirements for fresh peaches in paragraphs
(a)(2) through (a)(5), and paragraphs (b) and (c). Section 917.459
would be revised to establish variety-specific size requirements for
six peach varieties that were produced in commercially-significant
quantities of more than 10,000 packages for the first time during the
1998 season.
For example, one of the peach varieties recommended for addition to
the variety-specific size requirements is the Morning Lord variety.
Studies of the size ranges attained by the Morning Lord variety
revealed that while it peaked on size 40, 100 percent of the fruit
sized at a minimum of size 72.
A review of other varieties harvested during the same period
indicated that Morning Lord was also comparable to those varieties in
its size ranges. Further, discussions with handlers known to ship the
variety provide additional information for making such determinations.
Thus, the recommendation to place the Morning Lord peach variety in the
variety-specific size regulation at a size 72 would be appropriate.
Historical variety data such as this provides the PCC with the
information necessary to recommend the appropriate sizes at which to
regulate various peach varieties. In addition, producers of the
affected varieties are invited to comment when such size
recommendations are deliberated.
Accordingly, the introductory text of paragraph (a)(3) of
Sec. 917.459 of the order's rules and regulations is proposed to be
revised to include the Super Rich peach variety; the introductory text
of paragraph (a)(4) would be revised to include the Snow Dance peach
variety; and the introductory text of paragraph (a)(6) would be revised
to include the Morning Lord, Prima Peach 23, Yukon King, and 1-01-505
peach varieties.
Additionally, paragraphs (a)(5) and (a)(6) of Sec. 917.459 would be
revised to remove 12 peach varieties from the variety-specific size
requirements specified in that section, because less than 5,000
packages of these varieties were produced during the 1998 season.
Specifically, the introductory text of paragraph (a)(5) would be
revised to remove the Honey Red and Sweet Gem peach varieties; and the
introductory text of paragraph (a)(6) of Sec. 917.459 would be revised
to remove the August Sun, Autumn Crest, Autumn Gem, Belmont, Berenda
Sun, Blum's Beauty, Fire Red, July Sun, Mary Anne, and Red Sun peach
varieties.
Peach varieties removed from the variety-specific list become
subject to the non-listed variety size requirements specified in
paragraphs (b) and (c) of Sec. 917.459.
The PCC recommended these changes in the minimum size requirements
based on a continuing review of the sizing and maturity relationships
for these peach varieties, and the consumer acceptance levels for
various fruit sizes. This proposal would establish minimum size
requirements for fresh peaches consistent with expected crop and market
conditions.
Pursuant to requirements set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility
Act (RFA), the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) has considered the
economic impact of this action on small entities. Accordingly, AMS has
prepared this initial regulatory flexibility analysis.
The purpose of the RFA is to fit regulatory actions to the scale of
business subject to such actions in order that small businesses will
not be unduly or disproportionately burdened. Marketing orders issued
pursuant to the Act, and rules issued thereunder, are unique in that
they are brought about through group action of essentially small
entities acting on their own behalf. Thus, both statutes have small
entity orientation and compatibility.
There are approximately 325 California nectarine and peach handlers
subject to regulation under the orders covering nectarines and peaches
grown in California, and about 1,800 producers of these fruits in
California. Small agricultural service firms, which includes handlers,
have been defined by the Small Business Administration (13 CFR 121.601)
as those whose annual receipts are less than $5,000,000. Small
agricultural producers are defined as
[[Page 11351]]
those having annual receipts of less than $500,000.
The NAC and PCC staff have estimated that there are less than 20
handlers in the industry who could be defined as other than small
entities. If the average handler price received were $9.00 per box or
box equivalent of nectarines or peaches, a handler would have to ship
at least 555,000 boxes to have annual receipts of $5,000,000. Small
handlers represent approximately 94 percent of the handlers within the
industry. In addition, the NAC and PCC staff estimates that there are
approximately 400 producers who could be defined as other than small
entities. If the average producer price received were $6.00 per box or
box equivalent for nectarines and $5.65 per box or box equivalent for
peaches, producers would have to produce approximately 84,000 boxes or
box equivalents of nectarines and approximately 89,000 boxes or box
equivalents of peaches to have annual receipts of $500,000. Therefore,
small producer entities represent approximately 78 percent of the
producers within the industry. For those reasons, a majority of the
handlers and producers may be classified as small entities.
Under Secs. 916.52 and 917.41 of the orders, grade, size, maturity,
and container and pack requirements are established for fresh shipments
of California nectarines and peaches, respectively. Such requirements
are in effect on a continuing basis. This proposed rule would revise
current requirements to: (1) Require that maturity and ``CA Utility''
quality marking of containers be a minimum of \3/8\ inch in height; (2)
require that experimental containers and 22G containers be marked with
both the size and the count of fruit contained in the package; (3)
require that master containers of consumer packages be marked with the
minimum size fruit contained in the consumer packages; (4) add weight
counts for early-season, mid-season, and late-season varieties; (5)
continue shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches,
and increase the percentage of U.S. No. 1 nectarines and peaches
permitted in containers of ``CA Utility quality'' fruit from the
current 30 percent to 40 percent, provided that the additional 10
percent of U.S. No. 1 fruit in the container has non-scoreable
blemishes; and (6) revise varietal maturity and size requirements to
reflect recent changes in growing and marketing conditions.
In Secs. 916.350 and 917.442 of the rules regulating nectarines and
peaches several container marking requirements are specified. This
proposal would specify that the maturity markings U.S. Mature (US MAT)
and California Well-Matured (CA WELL MAT), and the markings for ``CA
Utility'' quality must be in lettering a minimum of 3/8 inch in height.
This would standardize the container markings for nectarines and
peaches and would be consistent with those used on plum containers.
Plum shipments are regulated under a State marketing order. Because
nectarine and peach handlers frequently handle plums, as well, this
would ensure consistency in marking requirements for all three
commodities, which is expected to benefit handlers.
Sections 916.350 and 917.442 also specify markings that are
required on master containers of consumer packages, consumer packages
within master containers, and consumer packages not within master
containers. Master containers must be marked with the net weight of
each consumer package, the number of individual consumer packages, the
size description of the fruit in each consumer package, and the name
and address of the shipper. Consumer packages within the master
containers must be marked with the name and address of the shipper and
the net weight of the container. When the consumer package is not in a
master container, the consumer package must also be marked with the
number of fruit in the package, the name of the variety, if known, and
the maturity of the fruit in the package.
In commonly used containers such as the No. 22D and the No. 32
boxes the configurations of fruit result in the fruit size and count
being the same. The No. 22G standard lug box, however, has a different
shape which results in a different tray-pack configuration than those
of the No. 22D and the No. 32 boxes. The shape of the No. 22G container
also imposes tighter limits on the number of fruit that can be tray
packed in it than the No. 22D and No. 32 boxes; this causes fruit size
and count to be different. Thus, handlers using that container should
be required to indicate the number of fruit in the container as well as
the fruit size, because the fruit size and count are not always the
same in this container. Differences in count and size also occur with
some experimental packages, as well, because there are no standardized
pack configurations for experimental packages, and, thus, no
standardized basis for comparison against the No. 22D and No. 32 boxes.
Experimental containers, like the No. 22G standard lug box, would be
required to be marked with both the size and the count of fruit
contained in the package. This proposed requirement is expected to
benefit consumers by ensuring that accurate size and count information
is marked on packages of nectarines and peaches. This proposed
requirement is not expected to have a negative impact on handlers,
since the No. 22G standard lug box represents less than one percent of
packages of nectarines and peaches shipped annually, and no
experimental containers have been used for several years. This proposed
requirement may also eliminate any confusion over fruit count and size
experienced by buyers of nectarines and peaches.
Sections 916.350 and 917.442 also specify markings that are
required on master containers of consumer packages, consumer packages
within master containers, and consumer packages not within master
containers. Master containers must be marked with the net weight of
each consumer package, the number of individual consumer packages, the
size description of the fruit in each consumer package, and the name
and address of the shipper. Consumer packages within the master
containers must be marked with the name and address of the shipper and
the net weight of the container. When the consumer package is not in a
master container, the consumer package must also be marked with the
number of fruit in the package, the name of the variety, if known, and
the maturity of the fruit in the package.
Consumer packages permit handlers to pack and ship nectarines and
peaches in other types of containers demanded by their customers. In
this case, packaging of fruit in small boxes or bags is tailored to the
requirements of the buyer, whether by weight, size, or other factor.
Because the buyer's requirements may be specific for the buyer's
market, the handler may pack consumer packages of several different
sizes of fruit within the master container. For example, a master
container may contain five consumer packages. One consumer package may
contain size 64 nectarines, while two other consumer packages may
contain size 70 nectarines. The remaining two boxes may contain size 60
nectarines. The sizes of the fruit within the individual consumer
packages are the same, but the master container may contain packages of
different fruit sizes.
Several alternatives to this action were discussed at the Grade and
Size Subcommittee meeting held on November 5, 1998. Some subcommittee
members suggested that the master containers be marked with the largest
size fruit in the consumer packages, such as ``Minimum size 80 and
smaller.'' Others felt that option might be misleading to retailers and
[[Page 11352]]
consumers, and the alternative was rejected. Some subcommittee members
suggested that the mixing of sizes in a master container should be
discouraged. Others responded that such flexibility in packaging was
responsive to the needs of some handlers, and those needs should be
accommodated when possible, within the requirements of the orders.
The proposed change requiring master containers containing consumer
packages of different fruit sizes to be marked identifying the
existence of size variations, would permit handlers to continue to meet
the demands of their buyers, but ensure that the fruit size within
individual consumer packages contained within master containers is
accurately and clearly marked on the master containers.
In Secs. 916.350 and 917.442 of the orders' rules and regulations
concerning nectarines and peaches, respectively, the use of pack
regulations is specified. The NAC and PCC routinely conduct tests to
determine the optimum weight-count standards for such early-season,
mid-season, and late-season nectarines and peaches, respectively.
Handlers of nectarines and peaches have informed the NAC and PCC that
some larger sizes of nectarines and peaches are increasingly being
converted from tray-packs to volume-filled packs. Since volume-filled
containers are less costly to pack and market demands change, handlers
have opted to pack a greater proportion of large, high-quality fruit in
volume-filled containers. In 1998, lower market prices caused handlers
to convert size 44 nectarines and peaches from tray-packed containers
to volume-filled containers. However, there are currently no weight
counts published for size 44 nectarines and peaches.
In 1994 and 1995, when the NAC and PCC last conducted tests to
determine the number of fruit of various sizes that weighed 16 pounds,
which is the standard inspection sample weight, size 44 nectarines and
peaches were not usually packed in volume-filled containers. More
commonly, size 44 nectarines and peaches were packed in tray-packs. As
a result, weight count requirements were not needed by the industries
for this size. As the practice of converting tray-packed containers of
size 44 nectarines and peaches to volume-filled containers has
increased, the NAC and PCC have referred to previously-conducted size
studies and determined that weight-count standards for size 44
nectarines and peaches need to be included in the weight-count
standards with those for the other sizes of fruit. The NAC and PCC have
also determined that the correct weight-count standard for size 44 is a
maximum of 33 pieces of early-season nectarines and all peaches, and a
maximum of 30 pieces of mid-season and late-season nectarines in a 16-
pound sample. This proposed addition of a weight-count standard for
size 44 nectarines and peaches converted from tray-packed containers to
volume-filled containers is expected to benefit producers and handlers
by giving handlers increased flexibility in meeting marketing demands.
Therefore, the NAC and PCC unanimously recommended modifications to
the weight-count standards for nectarines and peaches by the addition
weight-count standards for size 44 nectarines and peaches. Such a
change would modify Tables 1 and 2 of paragraphs (a)(4)(iv) in
Secs. 916.350 and 917.442 of the regulations by adding size 44 and the
applicable weight-count standard of a maximum of 33 pieces of early-
season nectarines and all peaches, and a maximum of 30 pieces of mid-
season and late-season nectarines in a 16-pound sample. The change
would permit handlers to more easily convert tray-packed nectarines and
peaches to volume-filled containers. This proposal is expected to
decrease the handling costs associated with such conversions, and
permit handlers to better meet marketing demands.
In Secs. 916.356 and 917.459 of the orders' rules and regulations
concerning nectarines and peaches, respectively, shipments of ``CA
Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches have been permitted since the
1996 season, contingent upon such containers meeting certain relaxed
quality requirements. ``CA Utility'' quality is a lower-quality fruit
than U.S. No. 1. Currently, the requirement for containers of ``CA
Utility'' nectarines and peaches provides that not more than 30 percent
of the fruit in any container meet or exceed the requirements of U.S.
No. 1. This proposed relaxation would increase that limitation from 30
percent to not more than 40 percent provided that the additional 10
percent of the U.S. No. 1 has non-scoreable blemishes. This proposed
relaxation is anticipated to benefit growers, handlers, and consumers.
Containers marked ``CA Utility'' must be inspected by the
Inspection Service and certified as meeting the ``CA Utility'' quality
requirements. Part of the inspection process is to evaluate the fruit
in accordance with the requirements of Standards and the orders. In
conducting inspections, inspectors are required to evaluate various
blemishes. Some blemishes are serious or severe enough to be ``scored''
against the fruit as defects which are damaging to the grade of the
fruit, while some other blemishes are either not serious or severe
enough to affect the grade of the fruit. In the first instance, the
blemishes are termed ``scoreable'' defects; and, in the second
instance, the blemishes are termed ``non-scoreable'' defects. Some
committee members supported increased percentages of U.S. No. 1 fruit
in boxes of ``CA Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches provided that
such non-scoreable blemishes are present on the additional 10 percent
of the fruit grading U.S. No. 1 in boxes marked ``CA Utility.''
A niche market exists for ``CA Utility'' quality fruit and an
opportunity should be made available to market somewhat better quality.
It was estimated that the proposed relaxation from not more than 30
percent U.S. No. 1 to not more than 40 percent provided that the
additional 10 percent U.S. No. 1 fruit in the containers has non-
scoreable blemishes would increase shipments of ``CA Utility'' quality
nectarines and peaches by one-half of one percent.
According to comments made at the committee meetings on December 2,
1998, a majority of the members of the committees supported allowing
the use of ``CA Utility'' fruit during the 1999 season, and the change
in quality requirements, because those requirements solved handler
problems at the end of the 1998 season. One committee member, however,
commented that there was little merit to adding one-half of one percent
to the marketplace. Another indicated that perhaps a review of the
entire grade structure would address the problem and did not advocate
relaxing the percentage of U.S. No. 1 in ``CA Utility'' containers.
The committees considered several alternatives at the meetings. One
alternative was to leave the percentage of U.S. No. 1 nectarines and
peaches permitted in ``CA Utility'' unchanged. It was determined that
alternative would not address the problem facing the industry. The NAC
and PCC also considered reviewing the entire grade structure, but that
alternative was considered a long-term project which could not be
accomplished in enough time to address the problem for the 1999 season.
Another alternative discussed was to limit the change to handlers
operating under the Partners-In-Quality (PIQ) Program and allow those
handlers to pack not more than 40 percent of U.S. No. 1 provided that
the additional 10 percent of U.S. No. 1 has non-scoreable blemishes.
Under the PIQ Program, handlers self-inspect their nectarines
[[Page 11353]]
and peaches against the minimum grade, size, quality, maturity, pack,
and container marking requirements of the orders and the Standards,
according to the procedures and requirements specified in their
Inspection-Service-approved operation manuals.
Under the requirements of the program, PIQ handlers are required to
meet the minimum grade, maturity, size, quality, container, and pack
requirements on every container. A handler under conventional in-line
inspection is required to meet the minimum grade, maturity, size,
quality, container, and pack requirements on an entire lot of fruit,
which is not as restrictive as meeting the requirements on every
container. For example, under in-line inspection, a handler may present
a lot of 1,000 containers of nectarines or peaches for inspection. The
tolerance for misshapen nectarines is currently limited to 25 percent
per lot. The variance in misshapen nectarines in containers within the
lot could change from one container to another, provided that the
average within the entire lot does not exceed 25 percent. For PIQ
handlers, there is no opportunity to ``average within'' grade on lots
of fruit; each container is graded on its own as though it were a lot.
PIQ handlers, thus, face more rigorous requirements than handlers under
conventional in-line inspection. This alternative would address PIQ
handler concerns by providing them greater flexibility with regard to
both U.S. No. 1 and ``CA Utility'' quality containers. However, this
alternative was determined to favor a small percentage of the industry
and was rejected.
Some members of the committees supported continued shipments of
``CA Utility'' quality nectarines and peaches during the 1999 season
with a relaxation of the percentage from 30 percent U.S. No. 1 in
containers marked ``CA Utility'' to 40 percent U.S. No. 1, provided
that the additional 10 percent of the U.S. No. 1 has non-scoreable
blemishes. They believed that the additional marketing opportunities
provided by allowing handlers to ship such fruit were important to the
industries.
Sections 916.356 and 917.442 of the orders' rules and regulations
for nectarines and peaches, respectively, currently establish minimum
maturity levels. This proposed rule would make adjustments to the
``well matured'' requirements for several varieties of nectarines and
peaches. ``Well matured'' determinations are made using maturity guides
(e.g., color chips). Such maturity guides provide producers, handlers,
and SPI with objective tools for measuring the maturity of different
varieties of nectarines and peaches. Such maturity guides are reviewed
annually by SPI to determine the appropriate guide for each nectarine
and peach variety. These adjustments reflect changes in the maturity
patterns of nectarines and peaches as experienced over the previous
seasons' inspections. Adjustments in the guides would ensure that fruit
has met an acceptable level of maturity, thus ensuring consumer
satisfaction while benefitting nectarine and peach producers and
handlers.
Currently, in Sec. 916.356 of the order's rules and regulations for
nectarines and Sec. 917.459 of the order's rules and regulations for
peaches, minimum sizes for various varieties of nectarines and peaches
are established. This proposed rule would make adjustments to the
minimum sizes authorized for various varieties of nectarines and
peaches for the 1999 season. Size regulations provide greater consumer
satisfaction and encourage more repeat purchases. Repeat purchases and
consumer satisfaction benefit producers and handlers alike. Such
adjustments to minimum sizes of nectarines and peaches are recommended
each year by the NAC and PCC based upon historical data, and producer
and handler information regarding sizes which the different varieties
attain.
The Department has not identified any relevant Federal rules that
duplicate, overlap, or conflict with this rule. However, as previously
stated, nectarines and peaches under the orders have to meet certain
requirements set forth in the standards issued under the Agricultural
Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 through 1627). Standards issued
under the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 are otherwise voluntary.
In addition, the committees' meetings were widely publicized
throughout the nectarine and peach industries and all interested
parties were invited to attend the meetings and participate in
committee deliberations on all issues. These meetings are held annually
in late Fall. Like all committee meetings, the December 2, 1998,
meetings were public meetings and all entities, both large and small,
were able to express views on these issues. The committees themselves
are composed of producers. Finally, interested persons are invited to
submit information on the regulatory and informational impacts of this
action on small businesses.
The NAC and PCC discussions were prompted by a recommendation of
the Grade and Size Subcommittee, which met on November 5, 1998, to
discuss issues related to minimum grades and sizes for nectarines and
peaches shipped under the orders. Among the issues discussed were
possible changes to the requirements for: (1) ``CA Utility'' quality
nectarines and peaches, (2) container markings, (3) maturity markings,
(4) quality requirements, and (5) size requirements. The meeting was a
public meeting and interested persons were invited to express their
views.
A 20-day comment period is provided to allow interested persons to
respond to this proposal. Twenty days is deemed appropriate because
this rule should be in place as soon as possible (the 1999 season
begins April 1) to provide growers and handlers adequate time to make
needed adjustments in cultural and handling practices. All written
comments timely received will be considered before a final
determination is made on this matter.
List of Subjects
7 CFR Part 916
Marketing agreements, Nectarines, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
7 CFR Part 917
Marketing agreements, Peaches, Pears, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
For the reasons set forth in the preamble, 7 CFR parts 916 and 917
are proposed to be amended as follows:
1. The authority citation for 7 CFR parts 916 and 917 continues to
read as follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 601-674.
PART 916--NECTARINES GROWN IN CALIFORNIA
2. Section 916.350 is amended by:
a. Revising paragraph (a)(3);
b. Revising paragraphs (a)(4)(i) and (a)(4)(ii);
c. Revising Tables 1 and 2 in paragraph (a)(4)(iv);
d. Revising paragraph (a)(8)(i); and
e. Revising paragraph (d) to read as follows:
Sec. 916.350 California nectarine container and pack regulation.
(a) * * *
(3) Each package or container of nectarines, except for consumer
packages in master containers and consumer packages mailed directly to
consumers, shall bear on one outside end in plain sight and in plain
letters at least 3/8 inch in height the words ``U.S. Mature'' or ``US
MAT'' if such nectarines are mature as defined in the United States
Standards for Grades of Nectarines (7 CFR 51.3145 through 51.3160); or
may instead bear on one outside end in plain sight and in plain letters
at least 3/8 inch in height the
[[Page 11354]]
words ``California Well Matured'' or ``CA WELL MAT'' if such nectarines
are well matured as defined in Sec. 916.356.
(4) * * *
(i) The size of nectarines packed in molded forms (tray-packs) in
the No. 22D and the No. 32 standard boxes, or consumer packages; No.
22G standard lug boxes, experimental containers; or the No. 12B fruit
(peach) boxes or flats; and the size of wrapped nectarines packed in
rows in No. 12B fruit (peach) boxes shall be indicated in accordance
with the number of nectarines in each container, such as ``80 count,''
``88 count,'' etc.
(ii) The size of nectarines in molded forms (tray-packs) in
experimental containers and in No. 22G standard lug boxes shall be
indicated according to the number of such nectarines when packed in
molded forms in the No. 22D standard lug box or the No. 32 standard box
in accordance with the requirements of standard pack, such as ``80
size,'' ``88 size,'' etc., along with count requirements in paragraph
(a)(4)(i) of this section.
* * * * *
(iv) * * *
Table 1--Weight-Count Standards for All Varieties of Nectarines Packed
in Loose-Filled or Tight-Filled Containers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column B--
Maximum number
of nectarines
in 16-pound
sample
applicable to
varieties
specified in
paragraphs
Column A--Tray pack size designation (a)(2)(ii),
(a)(3)(ii),
(a)(4)(ii),
(a)(5)(ii),
(a)(7)(ii),
and (a)(8)(ii)
of Sec.
916.356
------------------------------------------------------------------------
108..................................................... 100
96...................................................... 90
88...................................................... 83
84...................................................... 78
80...................................................... 75
72...................................................... 68
70...................................................... 61
64...................................................... 56
60...................................................... 50
56...................................................... 47
54...................................................... 40
50...................................................... 39
48...................................................... 35
44...................................................... 33
42...................................................... 31
40...................................................... 30
36...................................................... 25
34...................................................... 23
32...................................................... 22
30...................................................... 19
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2.--Weight-Count Standards for All Varieties of Nectarines Packed
in Loose-Filled or Tight-Filled Containers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column B--Maximum
number of
nectarines in 16-
pound sample
applicable to
Column A--Tray pack size designation varieties
specified in
paragraphs
(a)(6)(ii) and
(a)(9)(ii) of
Sec. 916.356
------------------------------------------------------------------------
108.................................................. 92
96................................................... 87
88................................................... 78
84................................................... 75
80................................................... 67
72................................................... 61
70................................................... 56
64................................................... 51
60................................................... 46
56................................................... 43
54................................................... 39
50................................................... 37
48................................................... 33
44................................................... 30
42................................................... 28
40................................................... 26
36................................................... 25
34................................................... 23
32................................................... 22
30................................................... 19
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
(8) * * *
(i) The number of individual consumer packages, the net weight of
each consumer package, and the minimum size description of the
contents, using the terms ``Minimum size 60 and larger,'' or ``Minimum
size 70 and larger,'' etc., as applicable.
* * * * *
(d) During the period April 1 through October 31, 1999, each
container or package when packed with nectarines meeting the ``CA
Utility'' quality requirements, shall bear the words ``CA Utility,''
along with all other required container markings, in letters at least
\3/8\ inch in height on the visible display panel. Consumer bags or
packages must also be clearly marked on the consumer bags or packages
as ``CA Utility,'' along with other required markings, in letters at
least \3/8\ inch in height.
* * * * *
3. Section 916.356 is amended by:
a. Revising the introductory text of paragraph (a)(1);
b. Removing Table 1;
c. Revising Table 1 to Paragraph (a)(1)(iv); and
d. Revising the introductory text of paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(6)
to read as follows:
Sec. 916.356 California nectarine grade and size regulation.
(a) * * *
(1) Any lot or package or container of any variety of nectarines
unless such nectarines meet the requirements of U.S. No. 1 grade:
Provided, That nectarines 2 inches in diameter or smaller, shall not
have fairly light-colored, fairly smooth scars which exceed an
aggregate area of a circle \3/8\ inch in diameter, and nectarines
larger than 2 inches in diameter shall not have fairly light-colored,
fairly smooth scars which exceed an aggregate area of a circle \1/2\
inch in diameter: Provided further, That an additional tolerance of 25
percent shall be permitted for fruit that is not well formed but not
badly misshapen: Provided further, That all varieties of nectarines
which fail to meet the U.S. No. 1 grade only on account of lack of
blush or red color due to varietal characteristics shall be considered
as meeting the requirements of this subpart: Provided further, That
during the period April 1 through October 31, 1999, any handler may
handle nectarines if such nectarines meet ``CA Utility'' quality
requirements. The term ``CA Utility'' means that not more than 40
percent of the nectarines in any container meet or exceed the
requirements of the U.S. No. 1 grade, except that when more than 30
percent of the nectarines in any container meet or exceed the
requirements of U.S. No. 1 grade, the additional 10 percent shall have
non-scoreable blemishes as determined when applying the U.S. Standards
for Grades of Nectarines; and that such nectarines are mature and are:
* * * * *
[[Page 11355]]
Table 1 To Paragraph (a)(1)(iv)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column B
Column A variety maturity guide
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alshir Red.............................................. J
Apache.................................................. G
April Glo............................................... H
Arm King................................................ B
August Glo.............................................. L
August Lion............................................. J
August Red.............................................. J
Aurelio Grand........................................... F
Autumn Delight.......................................... L
Autumn Grand............................................ L
Big Jim................................................. J
Bob Grand............................................... L
Diamond Jewel........................................... L
Diamond Ray............................................. L
Earliglo................................................ I
Early Diamond........................................... J
Early May............................................... F
Early May Grand......................................... H
Early Red Jim........................................... J
Early Sungrand.......................................... H
Fairlane................................................ L
Fantasia................................................ J
Firebrite............................................... H
Flamekist............................................... L
Flaming Red............................................. K
Flavor Grand............................................ G
Flavortop............................................... J
Flavortop I............................................. K
Grand Diamond........................................... L
Independence............................................ H
July Red................................................ L
June Brite.............................................. I
Juneglo................................................. H
Kay Diamond............................................. L
King Jim................................................ L
Kism Grand.............................................. J
Late Le Grand........................................... L
Late Red Jim............................................ J
Maybelle................................................ F
May Diamond............................................. I
May Fire................................................ H
Mayglo.................................................. H
May Grand............................................... H
May Jim................................................. I
May Kist................................................ H
May Lion................................................ J
Mid Glo................................................. L
Mike Grand.............................................. H
Moon Grand.............................................. L
Niagara Grand........................................... H
Pacific Star............................................ G
P-R Red................................................. L
Red Diamond............................................. L
Red Delight............................................. I
Red Fred................................................ J
Red Free................................................ L
Red Glen................................................ J
Red Glo................................................. I
Red Grand............................................... H
Red Jim................................................. L
Red May................................................. J
Rio Red................................................. L
Rose Diamond............................................ J
Royal Delight........................................... F
Royal Giant............................................. I
Royal Glo............................................... I
Ruby Diamond............................................ L
Ruby Grand.............................................. J
Ruby Sun................................................ J
Scarlet Red............................................. K
September Grand......................................... L
September Red........................................... L
Sheri Red............................................... J
Son Red................................................. L
Sparkling June.......................................... L
Sparkling May........................................... J
Sparkling Red........................................... L
Spring Bright........................................... L
Spring Diamond.......................................... L
Spring Red.............................................. H
Star Brite.............................................. J
Summer Beaut............................................ H
Summer Blush............................................ J
Summer Bright........................................... J
Summer Diamond.......................................... L
Summer Fire............................................. L
Summer Grand............................................ L
Summer Lion............................................. L
Summer Red.............................................. L
Summer Star............................................. G
Sunburst................................................ J
Sun Diamond............................................. I
Sunfre.................................................. F
Sun Grand............................................... G
Super Star.............................................. G
Tasty Gold.............................................. H
Tom Grand............................................... L
Zee Glo................................................. J
Zee Grand............................................... I
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Consult with the Federal or Federal-State Inspection
Service Supervisor for the maturity guides applicable to the
varieties not listed above.
* * * * *
(4) Any package or container of Arctic Glo, Arctic Rose, Arctic
Star, Diamond Bright, Early May, Juneglo, June Pearl, Kay Glo, May
Diamond, May Grand, May Lion, Prima Diamond IV, Prima Diamond VI, Prima
Diamond 13, Prince Jim, Red Delight, Red Glo, Rose Diamond, Royal Glo,
Sparkling May, Star Brite, or Zee Grand variety nectarines unless:
* * * * *
(6) Any package or container of Alshir Red, Alta Red, Arctic Pride,
Arctic Queen, Arctic Snow (White Jewel), Arctic Sweet, August Glo,
August Lion, August Red, August Snow, Autumn Delight, Big Jim, Brite
Pearl, Crystal Rose, Diamond Ray, Early Red Jim, Fairlane, Fantasia,
Firebrite, Fire Pearl, Flame Glo, Flaming Red, Flavortop, Flavortop I,
Grand Diamond, Grand Pearl, Honey Kist, How Red, July Red, Kay Diamond,
King Jim, Late Red Jim, Mid Glo, Niagara Grand, P-R Red, Prima Diamond
IX, Prima Diamond XVI, Prima Diamond XIX, Prima Diamond XXIV, Red
Diamond, Red Glen, Red Jim, Rio Red, Royal Giant, Ruby Diamond, Ruby
Pearl, Scarlet Red, September Red, Sparkling June, Sparkling Red,
Spring Bright, Spring Diamond, Spring Red, Summer Beaut, Summer Blush,
Summer Bright, Summer Diamond, Summer Fire, Summer Grand, Summer Lion,
Summer Red, Sunburst, Sun Diamond, Sunny Red, Super Star, Terra White,
Zee Glo, or 491-48 variety nectarines unless:
* * * * *
PART 917--FRESH PEARS AND PEACHES GROWN IN CALIFORNIA
4. Section 917.442 is amended by:
a. Revising paragraph (a)(3);
b. Revising paragraph (a)(4)(ii);
c. Revising Tables 1 and 2 in paragraph (a)(4)(iv);
d. Revising paragraph (a)(9)(i); and
e. Revising paragraph (d) to read as follows:
Sec. 917.442 California peach container and pack regulation.
(a) * * *
(3) Each package or container of peaches, except for consumer
packages in master containers and consumer packages mailed directly to
consumers, shall bear on one outside end in plain sight and in plain
letters at least \3/8\ inch in height the words ``U.S. Mature'' or ``US
MAT'' if such peaches are mature as defined in the United States
Standards for Grades of Peaches (7 CFR 51.1210 through 51.1223); or may
instead bear on one outside end in plain sight and in plain letters at
least \3/8\ inch in height the words ``California Well Matured'' or
``CA WELL MAT'' if such peaches are well matured as defined in
Sec. 917.459 of this part.
(4) * * *
(ii) The size of peaches in molded forms in experimental containers
and in the No. 22G standard lug box shall be indicated according to the
number of such peaches when packed in molded forms in the No. 22D
standard lug box or the No. 32 standard box in accordance with the
requirements of standard pack, such as ``80 size,'' ``88 size,'' etc.,
along with the count requirements in paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this
section.
* * * * *
(iv) * * *
[[Page 11356]]
Table 1--Weight-Count Standards for All Varieties of Peaches Packed in
Loose-Filled or Tight-Filled Containers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column B--
Maximum number
of peaches in
16-pound
sample
applicable to
varieties
Column A--Tray pack size designation specified in
paragraphs
(a)(2)(ii),
(a)(3)(ii),
(a)(4)(ii),
(a)(5)(ii),
and (b)(3) of
Sec. 917.459
------------------------------------------------------------------------
96...................................................... 96
88...................................................... 92
84...................................................... 83
80...................................................... 76
72...................................................... 69
70...................................................... 65
64...................................................... 57
60...................................................... 51
56...................................................... 47
54...................................................... 44
50...................................................... 39
48...................................................... 35
44...................................................... 33
42...................................................... 31
40...................................................... 30
36...................................................... 27
34...................................................... 25
32...................................................... 23
30...................................................... 21
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2.--Weight-Count Standards for All Varieties of Peaches Packed in
Loose-Filled or Tight-Filled Containers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column B--Maximum
number of peaches
in 16-pound
sample applicable
to varieties
Column A--Tray pack size designation specified in
paragraphs
(a)(6)(ii) and
(c)(3) of Sec.
917.459
------------------------------------------------------------------------
96................................................... 96
88................................................... 83
84................................................... 79
80................................................... 73
72................................................... 64
70................................................... 59
64................................................... 53
60................................................... 46
56................................................... 45
54................................................... 43
50................................................... 39
48................................................... 35
44................................................... 33
42................................................... 31
40................................................... 30
36................................................... 27
34................................................... 25
32................................................... 23
30................................................... 21
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * *
(9) * * *
(i) The number of individual consumer packages, the net weight of
each consumer package, and the minimum size description of the contents
using the terms ``Minimum size 60 and larger,'' or ``Minimum size 70
and larger,'' etc., as applicable.
* * * * *
(d) During the period April 1 through November 23, 1999, each
container or package when packed with peaches meeting ``CA Utility''
quality requirements, shall bear the words ``CA Utility,'' along with
all other required container markings, in letters at least \3/8\ inch
in height on the visible display panel. Consumer bags or packages must
also be clearly marked on the consumer bags or packages as ``CA
Utility,'' along with other required markings, in letters at least \3/
8\ inch in height.
5. Section 917.459 is amended by:
a. Revising the introductory text of paragraph (a)(1);
b. Removing Table 1;
c. Revising Table 1 to Paragraph (a)(1)(iv); and
d. Revising the introductory text of paragraphs (a)(3), (a)(4),
(a)(5), and (a)(6) to read as follows:
Sec. 917.459 California peach grade and size regulation.
(a) * * *
(1) Any lot or package or container of any variety of peaches
unless such peaches meet the requirements of U.S. No. 1 grade:
Provided, That an additional 25 percent tolerance shall be permitted
for fruit with open sutures which are damaged, but not seriously
damaged: Provided further, That during the period April 1 through
November 23, 1999, any handler may handle peaches if such peaches meet
``CA Utility'' quality requirements. The term ``CA Utility'' means that
not more than 40 percent of the peaches in any container meet or exceed
the requirements of the U.S. No. 1 grade, except that when more than 30
percent of the peaches in any container meet or exceed the requirements
of U.S. No. 1 grade, the additional 10 percent shall have non-scoreable
blemishes as determined when applying the U.S. Standards for Grades of
Peaches; and that such peaches are mature and are:
* * * * *
(iv) * * *
Table 1 to Paragraph (a)(1)(iv)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column B--
Column A--variety Maturity guide
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ambercrest.............................................. G
Angelus................................................. I
August Lady............................................. L
August Sun.............................................. I
Autumn Crest............................................ I
Autumn Gem.............................................. I
Autumn Lady............................................. H
Autumn Rose............................................. I
Belmont (Fairmont)...................................... I
Berenda Sun............................................. I
Blum's Beauty........................................... G
Cal Red................................................. I
Carnival................................................ I
Cassie.................................................. H
Coronet................................................. E
Crimson Lady............................................ J
Crown Princess.......................................... J
David Sun............................................... I
Diamond Princess........................................ J
Early Delight........................................... H
Early Elegant Lady...................................... L
Early May Crest......................................... H
Early O'Henry........................................... I
Early Top............................................... G
Elberta................................................. B
Elegant Lady............................................ L
Fairtime................................................ G
Fancy Lady.............................................. J
Fay Elberta............................................. C
Fayette................................................. I
Fire Red................................................ I
First Lady.............................................. D
Flamecrest.............................................. I
Flavorcrest............................................. G
Flavor Queen............................................ H
Flavor Red.............................................. G
Franciscan.............................................. G
Goldcrest............................................... H
Golden Crest............................................ H
Golden Lady............................................. F
Honey Red............................................... G
John Henry.............................................. J
July Elberta............................................ C
June Lady............................................... G
June Pride.............................................. J
June Sun................................................ H
Kern Sun................................................ H
Kingscrest.............................................. H
Kings Lady.............................................. I
Kings Red............................................... I
Lacey................................................... I
Lady Sue................................................ L
Mary Anne............................................... G
May Crest............................................... G
May Sun................................................. I
Merrill Gem............................................. G
Merrill Gemfree......................................... G
O'Henry................................................. I
Pacifica................................................ G
Parade.................................................. I
Pat's Pride............................................. D
Prima Gattie 8.......................................... L
Prima Lady.............................................. J
Queencrest.............................................. G
Ray Crest............................................... G
Red Cal................................................. I
Red Dancer (Red Boy).................................... I
Redhaven................................................ G
Red Lady................................................ G
Redtop.................................................. G
Regina.................................................. G
[[Page 11357]]
Rich Lady............................................... J
Rich May................................................ H
Rich Mike............................................... H
Rio Oso Gem............................................. I
Royal Lady.............................................. J
Royal May............................................... G
Ruby May................................................ H
Ryan Sun................................................ I
Scarlet Lady............................................ F
September Sun........................................... I
Sierra Crest............................................ H
Sierra Lady............................................. I
Sparkle................................................. I
Springcrest............................................. G
Spring Lady............................................. H
Springold............................................... D
Sugar Lady.............................................. J
Summer Lady............................................. L
Summerset............................................... I
Suncrest................................................ G
Sweet Scarlet........................................... J
Topcrest................................................ H
Tra Zee................................................. J
Willie Red.............................................. G
Zee Lady................................................ L
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Consult with the Federal or Federal-State Inspection
Service Supervisor for the maturity guides applicable to the
varieties not listed above.
* * * * *
(3) Any package or container of Goldcrest, Super Rich, or Topcrest
variety peaches unless:
* * * * *
(4) Any package or container of Snow Dance variety peaches unless:
* * * * *
(5) Any package or container of Babcock, Crimson Lady, Crown
Princess, David Sun, Early May Crest, Flavorcrest, Golden Crest, June
Lady, Kern Sun, May Crest, May Sun, Merrill Gemfree, Pink Rose, Prima
Peach IV, Queencrest, Ray Crest, Redtop, Rich May, Rich Mike, Snow
Brite, Springcrest, Spring Lady, Spring Snow, Sugar May, Sweet Scarlet,
or White Dream variety of peaches unless:
* * * * *
(6) Any package or container of Amber Crest, August Lady, Autumn
Flame, Autumn Lady, Autumn Rose, Cal Red, Carnival, Cassie, Champagne,
Diamond Princess, Early Elegant Lady, Early O'Henry, Elegant Lady,
Fairtime, Fancy Lady, Fay Elberta, Flamecrest, John Henry, June Pride,
Kaweah, Kings Lady, Lacey, Late Ito Red, Madonna Sun, Morning Lord,
O'Henry, Prima Gattie, Prima Peach VIII, Prima Peach 20, Prima Peach
23, Red Dancer, Rich Lady, Royal Lady, Ryan Sun, Saturn (Donut),
Scarlet Snow, September Snow, September Sun, Sierra Lady, Snow Diamond,
Snow Giant, Snow King, Sparkle, Sprague Last Chance, Sugar Giant, Sugar
Lady, Summer Lady, Summer Sweet, Summer Zee, Suncrest, Tra Zee, Vista,
White Lady, Yukon King, Zee Lady, or 1-01-505 variety of peaches
unless:
* * * * *
Dated: March 2, 1999.
Robert C. Keeney,
Deputy Administrator, Fruit and Vegetable Programs.
[FR Doc. 99-5552 Filed 3-5-99; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-02-P
