[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 65 (Wednesday, April 3, 1996)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 14696-14709]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-8140]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 261
[FRL-5448-4]
Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of
Hazardous Waste; Proposed Exclusion
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Proposed rule and request for comment.
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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or Agency) today is
proposing to grant a petition submitted by United Technologies
Automotive (UTA), Detroit, Michigan, to exclude (or ``delist''),
conditionally, on a one-time, upfront basis, a certain solid waste
generated by UTA's chemical stabilization treatment of lagoon sludge at
the Highway 61 Industrial Site in Memphis, Tennessee, from the lists of
hazardous wastes in Secs. 261.31 and 261.32. Based on careful analyses
of the waste-specific information provided by the petitioner, the
Agency has concluded that UTA's petitioned waste will not adversely
affect human health and the environment. This action responds to UTA's
petition to delist this waste on a ``generator-specific'' basis from
the hazardous waste lists. If the proposed decision is finalized, the
petitioned waste will not be subject to regulation under Subtitle C of
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
The Agency is also proposing to use two methods to evaluate the
potential impact of the petitioned waste on human health and the
environment: (1) A fate and transport model (the EPA Composite Model
for Landfills, ``EPACML'' model) , based on the waste-specific
information provided by the petitioner; and (2) the generic delisting
levels in Sec. 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(C)(1) for nonwastewater residues
generated from treatment of the listed hazardous waste F006, by high
temperature metal recovery (HTMR). Specifically, EPA proposes to use
the EPACML model to calculate the concentration of each hazardous
constituent that may be present in an extract of the petitioned waste
obtained by means of the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure
(TCLP), which will not have an adverse impact on groundwater if the
petitioned waste is delisted and then disposed in a Subtitle D
landfill. EPA will compare the concentration for each hazardous
constituent calculated by the EPACML model to the generic delisting
level for that constituent in Sec. 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(C)(1). EPA proposes
to use the lower of these two concentrations as the delisting level for
each hazardous constituent in the waste.
DATES: EPA is requesting public comments on this proposed decision and
on the applicability of the fate and transport model and the generic
delisting levels used to evaluate the petition. Comments will be
accepted until May 20, 1996. Comments postmarked after the close of the
comment period will be stamped ``late.''
Any person may request a hearing on this proposed decision by
filing a request with Richard D. Green, Acting Director of the Waste
Management Division, EPA, Region 4, whose address appears below, by
April 18, 1996. The request must contain the information prescribed in
Sec. 260.20(d).
ADDRESSES: Send three copies of your comments to Jeaneanne M. Gettle,
Acting Chief, RCRA Compliance Section, U.S. Environmental Protection
[[Page 14697]]
Agency, Region 4, 345 Courtland Street, NE., Atlanta, Georgia 30365.
Identify your comments at the top with this regulatory docket number:
R4-96-UTEP
Requests for a hearing should be addressed to Richard D. Green,
Acting Director, Waste Management Division, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Region 4, 345 Courtland Street, NE., Atlanta,
Georgia 30365.
The RCRA regulatory docket for this proposed rule is located at the
EPA Library, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 345
Courtland Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30365, and is available for
viewing from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding
Federal holidays.
The public may copy material from any regulatory docket at no cost
for the first 100 pages, and at a cost of $0.15 per page for additional
copies.
Copies of the petition are available during normal business hours
at the following addresses for inspection and copying: Tennessee
Department of Environment and Conservation, 5th Floor, L & C Tower, 401
Church Street, Nashville, Tennessee 37243-1535; and U.S. EPA Region 4,
Library, 345 Courtland Street, NE., Atlanta, Georgia 30365; (404) 347-
4216.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general information, contact the
RCRA Hotline, toll free at (800) 424-9346, or at (703) 412-9810. For
technical information concerning this notice, contact Judy
Sophianopoulos, RCRA Compliance Section, (Mail Code 4WD-RCRA), U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 345 Courtland Street, NE.,
Atlanta, Georgia 30365, (404) 347-3555, x6408, or call, toll free,
(800) 241-1754, and leave a message, with your name and phone number,
for Ms. Sophianopoulos to return your call. You may also contact Jerry
Ingram, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, 5th
Floor, L & C Tower, 401 Church Street, Nashville, Tennessee 37243-1535,
(615) 532-0850.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
A. Authority
On January 16, 1981, as part of its final and interim final
regulations implementing Section 3001 of RCRA, EPA published an amended
list of hazardous wastes from non-specific and specific sources. This
list has been amended several times, and is published in Secs. 261.31
and 261.32. These wastes are listed as hazardous because they exhibit
one or more of the characteristics of hazardous wastes identified in
Subpart C of part 261 (i.e., ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and
toxicity) or meet the criteria for listing contained in Sec. 261.11
(a)(2) or (a)(3).
Individual waste streams may vary, however, depending on raw
materials, industrial processes, and other factors. Thus, while a waste
that is described in these regulations generally is hazardous, a
specific waste from an individual facility meeting the listing
description may not be. For this reason, Secs. 260.20 and 260.22
provide an exclusion procedure, allowing persons to demonstrate that a
specific waste from a particular generating facility should not be
regulated as a hazardous waste.
To have their wastes excluded, petitioners must show, first, that
wastes generated at their facilities do not meet any of the criteria
for which the wastes were listed. See Sec. 260.22(a) and the background
documents for the listed wastes. Second, the Administrator must
determine, where he/she has a reasonable basis to believe that factors
(including additional constituents) other than those for which the
waste was listed could cause the waste to be a hazardous waste, that
such factors do not warrant retaining the waste as a hazardous waste.
Accordingly, a petitioner also must demonstrate that the waste does not
exhibit any of the hazardous waste characteristics (i.e., ignitability,
reactivity, corrosivity, and toxicity), and must present sufficient
information for the Agency to determine whether the waste contains any
other toxicants at hazardous levels. See Sec. 260.22(a), 42 U.S.C.
Sec. 6921(f), and the background documents for the listed wastes.
Although wastes which are ``delisted'' (i.e., excluded) have been
evaluated to determine whether or not they exhibit any of the
characteristics of hazardous waste, generators remain obligated under
RCRA to determine whether or not their wastes continue to be
nonhazardous based on the hazardous waste characteristics (i.e.,
characteristics which may be promulgated subsequent to a delisting
decision.)
In addition, residues from the treatment, storage, or disposal of
listed hazardous wastes and mixtures containing listed hazardous wastes
are also considered hazardous wastes. See Secs. 261.3(a)(2)(iv) and
(c)(2)(i), referred to as the ``mixture'' and ``derived-from'' rules,
respectively. Such wastes are also eligible for exclusion and remain
hazardous wastes until excluded. On December 6, 1991, the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia vacated the ``mixture/derived-
from'' rules and remanded them to the Agency on procedural grounds.
Shell Oil Co. v. EPA, 950 F.2d 741 (D.C. Cir. 1991). On March 3, 1992,
EPA reinstated the mixture and derived-from rules, and solicited
comments on other ways to regulate waste mixtures and residues (57 FR
7628, Mar. 3, 1992). The Agency plans to address issues related to
waste mixtures and residues in a future rulemaking.
On October 10, 1995, the Administrator delegated to the Regional
Administrators the authority to evaluate and approve or deny petitions
submitted in accordance with Secs. 260.20 and 260.22, by generators
within their Regions [National Delegation of Authority 8-19], in States
not yet authorized to administer a delisting program in lieu of the
Federal program. On March 11, 1996, the Regional Administrator of EPA,
Region 4, redelegated delisting authority to the Director of the Waste
Management Division [Regional Delegation of Authority 8-19].
B. Approach Used To Evaluate This Petition
This petition requests a delisting for a hazardous waste listed as
F006. In making the initial delisting determination, the Agency
evaluated the petitioned waste against the listing criteria and factors
cited in Secs. 261.11 (a)(2) and (a)(3). Based on this review, the
Agency agrees with the petitioner that the waste is nonhazardous with
respect to the original listing criteria. (If the Agency had found,
based on this review, that the waste remained hazardous based on the
factors for which the waste was originally listed, EPA would have
proposed to deny the petition.) EPA then evaluated the waste with
respect to other factors or criteria to assess whether there is a
reasonable basis to believe that such additional factors could cause
the waste to be hazardous. See Secs. 260.22 (a) and (d). The Agency
considered whether the waste is acutely toxic, and considered the
toxicity of the constituents, the concentration of the constituents in
the waste, their tendency to migrate and to bioaccumulate, their
persistence in the environment once released from the waste, plausible
and specific types of management of the petitioned waste, the
quantities of waste generated, and waste variability.
For this delisting determination, the Agency used such information
to identify plausible exposure routes (i.e., groundwater, surface
water, air) for hazardous constituents present in the petitioned waste.
The Agency determined that disposal in a Subtitle D landfill is the
most reasonable, worst-case disposal scenario for UTA's petitioned
waste, and that the major exposure route of concern would be
[[Page 14698]]
ingestion of contaminated groundwater. Therefore, the Agency is
proposing to use a particular fate and transport model (the ``EPACML''
model) to predict the maximum allowable concentrations of hazardous
constituents that may be released from the petitioned waste after
disposal and to determine the potential impact of the disposal of UTA's
petitioned waste on human health and the environment.
Specifically, the Agency used the maximum estimated waste volume
and the maximum reported leachate concentrations as inputs to estimate
the constituent concentrations in the groundwater at a hypothetical
receptor well downgradient from the disposal site. The calculated
receptor well concentrations (referred to as compliance-point
concentrations) were then compared directly to the health-based levels
used in delisting decision-making for the hazardous constituents of
concern.
EPA believes that this fate and transport model represents a
reasonable worst-case scenario for disposal of the petitioned waste in
a landfill, and that a reasonable worst-case scenario is appropriate
when evaluating whether a waste should be relieved of the protective
management constraints of RCRA Subtitle C. The use of a reasonable
worst-case scenario results in conservative values for the compliance-
point concentrations and ensures that the waste, once removed from
hazardous waste regulation, will not pose a threat to human health or
the environment. Because a delisted waste is no longer subject to
hazardous waste control, the Agency is generally unable to predict and
does not control how a waste will be managed after delisting.
Therefore, EPA currently believes that it is inappropriate to consider
extensive site-specific factors when applying the fate and transport
model.
For example, a generator may petition the Agency for delisting of a
metal hydroxide sludge which is currently being managed in an on-site
landfill and provide site-specific data, such as the nearest drinking
water well, permeability of the aquifer, and dispersivities. If the
Agency were to base its evaluation solely on these site-specific
factors, the Agency might conclude that the waste, at that specific
location, cannot affect the closest well, and the Agency might grant
the petition. Upon promulgation of the exclusion, however, the
generator is under no obligation to continue to manage the waste at the
on-site landfill. In fact, the generator may well choose to either send
the delisted waste off site immediately, or eventually reach the
capacity of the on-site facility and subsequently send the waste off
site to a facility which may have very different hydrogeological and
exposure conditions.
The Agency also considers the applicability of groundwater
monitoring data during the evaluation of delisting petitions. In this
case, the Agency determined that, because UTA is seeking a delisting
for treated lagoon wastes which will be generated during a removal
action under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act (CERCLA), and may be managed ultimately either on
site or off site, groundwater monitoring data collected from the areas
where the petitioned waste is contained prior to treatment, are
necessary to determine whether hazardous constituents have already
migrated to the underlying groundwater. Groundwater monitoring data
collected from UTA's monitoring wells will help characterize the
potential impact (if any) of the disposal of UTA's waste on human
health and the environment.
UTA petitioned the Agency for an upfront, conditional, one-time
exclusion based on analytical data on samples from a treatability study
and on samples of untreated waste. Similar to other facilities seeking
upfront exclusions, this upfront exclusion would be contingent upon UTA
conducting analytical testing of representative samples of the
petitioned waste as soon as the treatment system is brought on-line.
This testing would be necessary to demonstrate that the treated waste
is a nonhazardous waste (i.e., meets the Agency's verification testing
conditions).
From the evaluation of UTA's delisting petition, a list of
constituents was developed for the verification testing conditions.
Proposed maximum allowable leachable concentrations for these
constituents, and a total concentration for one, were derived as
described in Section II.D. and Section II.E. of this preamble.
The Agency encourages the use of upfront delisting petitions
because they have the advantage of allowing the applicant to know what
treatment levels for constituents will be sufficient to render specific
wastes nonhazardous, before investing in new or modified waste
treatment systems. Therefore, upfront delistngs will allow new
facilities to receive exclusions prior to generating wastes, which,
without upfront exclusions would unnecessarily have been considered
hazardous. Upfront delistings for existing facilities can be processed
concurrently during construction or permitting activities; therefore,
new or modified treatment systems should be capable of producing wastes
that are considered nonhazardous sooner than would otherwise be
possible. At the same time, conditional testing requirements to verify
that the delisting levels are achieved by the fully operational
treatment systems will ensure that only nonhazardous wastes are removed
from Subtitle C control.
In the past, the Agency has granted numerous conditional
delistings, including conditional delistings for waste treatment
facilities located at multiple sites (see 51 FR 41323, November 14,
1986, and 51 FR 41494, November 17, 1986), as well as an upfront
delisting that allows an additional treatment unit to be added at the
same site (see 56 FR 32993, July 18, 1991), and an upfront delisting
that allows new treatment units at different sites to be added,
provided the verification testing conditions are satisfied (see 60 FR
31107, June 13, 1995).
The Agency provides notice and an opportunity for comment before
granting or denying a final exclusion. Thus, a final decision will not
be made until all timely public comments (including those at public
hearings, if any) on today's proposal are addressed. Late comments will
be considered to the extent possible.
II. Disposition of Delisting Petition United Technologies Automotive,
Detroit, Michigan
A. Petition for Exclusion
United Technologies Automotive (UTA), located in Detroit, Michigan,
is seeking a delisting for treated lagoon waste which will be generated
during a removal action under the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). The removal action is
required by the Unilateral Administrative Order (``the UAO'') issued to
UTA by EPA, on January 26, 1995. The waste to be treated was generated
prior to 1980 in seven lagoons formerly used to manage electroplating
wastewater at the Highway 61 Industrial Site in Memphis, Tennessee
(``the Site''). Notwithstanding the fact that the waste was generated
prior to 1980, the waste so generated meets the listing definition of
EPA Hazardous Waste No. F006--``Wastewater treatment sludges from
electroplating operations except from the following processes: (1)
Sulfuric acid anodizing of aluminum; (2) tin plating on carbon steel;
(3) zinc plating (segregated basis) on carbon steel; (4) aluminum or
zinc-aluminum
[[Page 14699]]
plating on carbon steel; (5) cleaning/stripping associated with tin,
zinc, and aluminum plating on carbon steel; and (6) chemical etching
and milling of aluminum''--when it is actively managed by excavation
and treatment after the effective date of the listing of F006.
(Original listing of F006 by Interim Final Rule in 45 FR 33112-33133,
May 19, 1980; Modified in 45 FR 74384-74892, Nov. 12, 1980; and
clarified by Interpretative Rule in 51 FR 43350-43351, Dec. 2, 1986).
See 51 FR 40577, Nov. 7, 1986; 53 FR 31147-31148, Aug. 17, 1988; 53 FR
51444 and 51445, Dec. 21, 1988; 55 FR 22678, June 1, 1990; and Chemical
Waste Management v. EPA, 869 F.2d at 1535-37 (D.C. Cir. 1989), for
Agency position on active management. UTA proposes to treat the sludge
by chemical stabilization, and to delist the treatment residue, which
is also classified as F006 by application of Sec. 261.3(c)(2)(i), the
derived-from rule. By application of the ``contained-in policy,'' any
lagoon soil excavated and treated with the sludge must also be managed
as F006. See memorandum, dated February 17, 1995, from Devereaux Barnes
to Norm Niedergang, and Region 4 Guidance Number TSC-92-02, dated
August 1992.
UTA petitioned the Administrator, in October 1995, to exclude, on a
one-time, upfront basis, the treatment residue generated from chemical
stabilization of sludges removed from six of the seven lagoons located
at the Site. Sludges from Lagoon 7 will not be removed and treated,
because constituent concentrations were found, by total analysis of
these samples, to be below the cleanup levels required by the UAO. On
November 21, 1995, in accordance with the delegation of delisting
authority by the Administrator to the Regional Administrators, UTA
submitted to EPA, Region 4, the petition to delist F006 generated by
chemical stabilization of sludges from the six lagoons at the Site.
The hazardous constituents of concern for which F006 was listed are
cadmium, hexavalent chromium, nickel, and cyanide (complexed).
Chemically stabilized sludge and soil from the six lagoons at the Site
is the waste which is the subject of this petition. UTA petitioned the
Agency to exclude its waste because it does not believe that the waste
meets the criteria of the listing.
UTA claims that its chemically stabilized sludge/soil is not
hazardous because the constituents of concern, although present in the
waste, are present in either insignificant concentrations or, if
present at significant levels, are essentially in immobile forms. UTA
also believes that this waste is not hazardous for any other reason
(i.e., there are no additional constituents or factors that could cause
the waste to be hazardous). Review of this petition included
consideration of the original listing criteria, as well as the
additional factors required by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
(HSWA) of 1984. See Section 222 of HSWA, 42 USC 6921(f), and 40 CFR
260.22(d)(2)-(4). Today's proposal to grant this petition for delisting
is the result of the Agency's evaluation of UTA's petition.
B. Background
On November 21, 1995, UTA petitioned EPA, Region 4, to exclude the
chemically stabilized sludge and soil from Lagoons 1-6 at the Highway
61 Industrial Site in Memphis, Tennessee (``the Site''), and
subsequently provided additional information, in response to a request
by EPA. After evaluating the petition and the additional information,
the Agency proposes to approve UTA's petition to exclude the subject
waste, because the Agency believes that the petitioned waste is
eligible for an exclusion based on the current evaluation criteria.
Therefore, the Agency hereby proposes to grant UTA's petition. The
Agency's evaluation of UTA's petitioned waste, which consists of the
chemically stabilized sludge and soil from Lagoons 1-6 at the Site, is
the subject of today's proposal.
In support of its petition, UTA submitted: (1) detailed
descriptions of the waste and history of its management; (2) detailed
descriptions of all previously known and current activities at the
Site; (3) results from total constituent analyses for arsenic, barium,
cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver, (the eight
Toxicity Characteristic (TC) metals listed in Sec. 261.24); the
priority pollutant metals, including nickel, (a hazardous constituent
for which F006 is listed), antimony,and thallium; and cyanide; (4)
results for the eight Toxicity Characteristic (TC) metals from the
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP; Method 1311 in ``Test
Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA
Publication SW-846 [Third Edition (November 1986), as amended by
Updates I (July 1992), II (September 1994), IIA (August 1993), and IIB
(January 1995)]; methods in this publication are referred to in today's
proposed rule as ``SW-846,'' followed by the appropriate method
number); (5) results from the Multiple Extraction Procedure (MEP; SW-
846 Method 1320) for cadmium and chromium; (6) results from the
analysis for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH, Method 418.1 in
``Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes,'' EPA Publication
EPA-600/4-79-020; (7) results from characteristics testing for
ignitability, corrosivity, and reactivity; (8) results from total
constituent analyses for 33 volatile organic compounds and 64
semivolatile organic constituents, including the TC organic
constituents; and (9) groundwater monitoring data collected from wells
monitoring the on-site lagoons.
UTA's petition states that electroplating operations at the Site
were conducted between the early 1960s and 1973, and no electroplating
wastewater sludge was generated after 1973. Lagoons 1-7 contained
electroplating wastewaters and were allegedly used for oxidation
purposes. UTA reported that the sludge generated in the lagoons has a
moisture content of approximately 56%.
A CERCLA Unilateral Administrative Order issued on January 26, 1995
(``the UAO''), required that sludge from lagoons at the Site be
excavated, stabilized, and disposed of, as part of an emergency removal
action. UTA estimates that the total volume of the chemically
stabilized sludge and soil from Lagoons 1-6 at the Site will be 11,500
cubic yards. (Site Lagoon 7 met the cleanup standards of the UAO, and
did not require removal.)
The UAO required UTA to develop a Removal Action Work Plan Sampling
Protocol. EPA approved the Removal Action Work Plan, including the
Sampling Protocol, on March 30, 1995. UTA's sampling and analysis
methods were conducted in accordance with the approved Removal Action
Work Plan.
UTA's sampling demonstration included data on 225 samples of
untreated waste from Lagoons 1-7, collected in April 1995, and 4
samples of treated waste from Lagoons 1-6, collected in September 1995.
UTA conducted sampling and analysis of the seven Site lagoons,
ranging in size from approximately \1/4\-1 acre, in accordance with the
Sampling Protocol of the Removal Action Work Plan required by the UAO.
Each lagoon was divided into a minimum of 4 quadrants; grab samples of
sludge or soil in each quadrant to be analyzed for all constituents
except volatile organic compounds (VOCs), were composited. VOC analysis
was performed on a minimum of two grab samples per lagoon. A total of
225 samples were collected and analyzed. The sampling and analysis were
performed in order to obtain representative samples of each
[[Page 14700]]
lagoon and determine whether the following Site soil removal cleanup
levels required by the UAO were met; areas not meeting these levels
were subject to the removal action:
Table 1.--Site Cleanup Levels
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cleanup
level,
parts
Parameter per
million
(ppm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)............................. 100
Cadmium (total)................................................ 60
Chromium (total)............................................... 400
Chromium VI.................................................... 205
Lead........................................................... 500
------------------------------------------------------------------------
With the exception of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), all
contaminants in treated and untreated waste were analyzed using SW-846
methods. All composite samples of untreated wastes were analyzed for
TPH, using Method 418.1, in ``Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water
and Wastes,'' EPA Publication EPA-600/4-79-020).
All composite samples of untreated wastes were analyzed for 64
semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), otherwise known as base-neutral
or acid extractables (BNAs, SW-846 extraction Method 3550, SW-846
analysis Method 8270); and the eight RCRA TC metals, arsenic, barium,
cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver (SW-846 Method
6010 for all except mercury; SW-846 Method 7471 for mercury). One
composite sample of untreated waste from each lagoon, except Lagoon 1
and Lagoon 3, was analyzed for metals on the Target Analyte List (TAL)
(SW-846 Method 6010), which includes aluminum, antimony, beryllium,
calcium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium,
sodium, thallium, vanadium, and zinc, in addition to the RCRA TC
metals. These metals are also referred to as ``priority pollutant
metals,'' regulated under the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking
Water Act. Toxic TAL metals antimony, beryllium, and thallium, and RCRA
TC metals mercury, selenium, and silver were not detected in the
untreated waste samples above the quantitation limits of 10.0, 1.0,
1.0, 0.09, 1.0 and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of all
metals which were detected in the untreated waste, except for cadmium
and chromium, were low enough that the UAO did not set cleanup levels
for them. Concentrations of metals which were detected in untreated
wastes are presented in Table 2. SVOCs were undetected in most of the
untreated waste samples at quantitation limits ranging from 0.33-0.83
mg/kg. Table 2 shows the SVOCs that were detected in untreated waste
samples; their concentrations were low enough that the UAO did not
require cleanup levels for them. At least two grab samples of untreated
waste from each lagoon were analyzed for 33 VOCs by SW-846 Method 8240;
these VOCs were not detected in most of the samples of untreated waste
at quantitation limits ranging from 0.005-0.010 mg/kg. The VOCs
detected in untreated waste are shown in Table 2. The concentrations
detected in the untreated waste were low enough that the UAO did not
establish cleanup levels for VOCs.
All of the analyses summarized in the preceding paragraph are
methods for total analysis of the samples; that is, the samples were
subjected to the appropriate SW-846 method without prior extraction by
means of the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The
analytical result obtained in a total analysis is the concentration of
contaminant on a weight/weight basis, in units of milligrams of
contaminant per kilogram of sample (mg/kg). The result of a TCLP
analysis is the concentration of contaminant on a weight/volume basis
in an extract of the sample obtained by means of the TCLP, in units of
milligrams of contaminant per liter of TCLP extract.
The RCRA TC metals cadmium and total chromium were analyzed in all
composite samples of untreated waste using SW-846 Method 6010, with a
reported quantitation limit (total analysis on unextracted sample) of
1.0 mg/kg for each. Results are presented in Table 2. A total analysis
for hexavalent chromium was conducted on all samples (both composite
and grab) of untreated waste (SW-846 Method 7197), and was not detected
in any of the samples, at a quantitation limit of 10.0 mg/kg.
Therefore, UTA concluded that the total chromium concentrations in the
untreated lagoon samples were due to trivalent chromium. Based on the
analytical results for the untreated waste samples, UTA identified
cadmium, trivalent chromium, and TPH as the only constituents of
concern in the Site lagoons, because these were the only constituents
found with concentrations above the cleanup levels required by the UAO.
TCLP extracts of two samples of untreated waste from Lagoon 6 were
prepared and analyzed, because constituent concentrations by total
analysis (analysis of the unextracted samples) exceeded the cleanup
levels required by the UAO, to a greater extent than any of the other
samples. TCLP results for untreated waste samples from Lagoon 6, as
well as total analysis results for untreated waste samples from all
lagoons, are presented in Table 2.
Table 2.--Concentrations in Untreated Samples From Site Lagoons 1 Through 7
Maximum concentration \1\ in lagoons 1-7: (total analysis in mg/kg; TCLP in mg/l)
Constituent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Lagoon Lagoon Lagoon Lagoon Lagoon Lagoon Lagoon
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arsenic (total)....................................... 3.1 4.5 4.5 4.1 4.7 3.0 4.6
Barium (total)........................................ 144 79.3 91.6 89.5 71.2 370 71.5
Cadmium (total)....................................... 1010 345 383 239 141 1590 11.2
Cadmium (TCLP)........................................ NA NA NA NA NA 26.0 ............
Chromium (total)...................................... 1320 219 578 345 292 943 13.1
Chromium (TCLP)....................................... NA NA NA NA NA <0.50 ............="" lead="" (total)..........................................="" 19.5="" 10.10="" 25.9="" 9.0="" 9.5="" 26.2="" 17.9="" nickel="" (total)........................................="" ............="" 12="" ............="" 10.2="" 8.7="" 7.0="" 13.1="" tph="" (total)...........................................="" 440="" 217="" 278="" 100="" 58.7="" 272="" 52.7="" acetone="" (total).......................................="" 0.492="" --="" 0.482="" 0.219="" 3.07="" 4.54="" 0.556="" bis(2-ethylhexyl)="" phthalate="" (total)...................="" 0.47="" --="" 1.37="" 1.40="" --="" 0.77="" --="" chlorobenzene="" (total).................................="" 0.015="" --="" 0.078="" --="" --="" --="" --="" di-n-butylphthalate="" (total)...........................="" --="" --="" --="" 0.63="" --="" --="" --="" [[page="" 14701]]="" 1,2-dichloroethene="" (total)............................="" 0.020="" 0.060="" 0.020="" --="" 0.007="" --="" --="" vinyl="" chloride="" (total)................................="" 0.015="" 0.055="" --="" --="" --="" --="" --="" \1\="" the="" concentration="" level="" for="" each="" constituent="" in="" each="" lagoon="" in="" table="" 2="" is="" the="" maximum="" found="" for="" that="" lagoon;="" the="" values="" for="" each="" lagoon="" are="" not="" necessarily="" from="" the="" same="" sample.="" frequently,="" a="" sample="" with="" a="" maximum="" concentration="" level="" for="" one="" constituent="" did="" not="" contain="" maximum="" levels="" for="" all="" constituents.="">< denotes="" undetected="" at="" the="" practical="" quantitation="" limit,="" the="" number="" to="" the="" right="" of="" the="" symbol=""><. na="" means="" not="" analyzed.="" --denotes="" analyzed="" but="" not="" detected.="" uta="" reported="" that="" one="" sample="" of="" untreated="" waste="" from="" each="" lagoon="" was="" tested="" for="" the="" hazardous="" characteristics="" of="" corrosivity,="" ignitability,="" and="" reactivity="" for="" cyanide="" and="" sulfide,="" and="" that="" none="" of="" the="" samples="" exhibited="" these="" hazardous="" characteristics.="" uta="" conducted="" a="" treatability="" study="" on="" samples="" of="" lagoon="" sludge="" in="" order="" to="" determine="" the="" optimum="" conditions="" for="" chemical="" stabilization.="" uta="" found="" that="" the="" most="" effective="" chemical="" stabilization="" recipe="" to="" achieve="" maximum="" immobilization="" of="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" and="" maxium="" compressive="" strength="" in="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" was="" 20%="" lime="" kiln="" dust="" (lkd)="" and="" 5%="" portland="" cement="" (pc).="" treatability="" study="" samples="" #32="" and="" #36="" were="" composite="" sludge="" samples="" from="" lagoons="" 1="" through="" 6,="" and="" were="" chemically="" stabilized="" with="" two="" different="" recipes.="" sample="" #32="" was="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" only,="" and="" sample="" #36="" was="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" and="" 5%="" pc.="" samples="" #6-32="" and="" #6-36="" were="" composite="" samples="" from="" lagoon="" 6,="" the="" most="" contaminated="" lagoon.="" sample="" #6-32="" was="" chemically="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" only,="" and="" sample="" #6-36="" was="" chemically="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" and="" 5%="" pc.="" uta="" reported="" that,="" prior="" to="" treatment,="" samples="" #32,="" #36,="" #6-32,="" #6-36="" were="" subjected="" to="" total="" analysis="" for="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" (sw-846="" method="" 6010).="" after="" treatment,="" sw-846="" method="" 6010="" was="" performed="" on="" tclp="" extracts="" of="" treated="" samples="" to="" determine="" concentrations="" of="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" in="" the="" extracts.="" total="" analysis="" for="" 33="" vocs="" was="" performed="" on="" treated="" samples="" (not="" on="" tclp="" extracts),="" using="" sw-846="" method="" 8240.="" vocs="" were="" not="" detected="" in="" any="" of="" the="" samples="" of="" treated="" waste="" at="" quantitation="" limits="" ranging="" from="" 0.005-0.010="" mg/kg.="" analytical="" results="" for="" treatability="" study="" samples="" are="" shown="" in="" table="" 3.="" uta="" informed="" epa="" during="" a="" meeting="" on="" december="" 13,="" 1995,="" that="" these="" analytical="" results="" are="" for="" chemically="" stabilized,="" but="" not="" fully="" cured,="" waste="" samples.="" samples="" from="" lagoon="" 7="" were="" not="" included="" in="" the="" treatability="" study,="" because="" constituent="" concentrations="" were="" found,="" by="" total="" analysis="" of="" these="" samples,="" to="" be="" below="" the="" cleanup="" levels="" required="" by="" the="" uao.="" therefore,="" the="" uao="" does="" not="" require="" removal="" of="" lagoon="" 7="" sludge="" and="" soil.="" uta="" believes="" that="" the="" treatability="" study="" of="" chemical="" stabilization="" of="" the="" lagoon="" waste="" indicated="" that="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" concentrations="" in="" the="" tclp="" extracts="" were="" reduced="" to="" levels="" which="" would="" meet="" delisting="" criteria,="" and="" that="" tph="" constituents="" were="" removed="" in="" the="" offgas="" from="" the="" chemical="" stabilization="" process.="" if="" uta's="" delisting="" petition="" is="" approved,="" uta="" proposes="" to="" dispose="" of="" the="" delisted="" waste="" either="" (a)="" onsite="" in="" accordance="" with="" a="" closure/post-="" closure="" plan="" approved="" by="" the="" state="" of="" tennessee="" or="" (b)="" in="" an="" off-site="" subtitle="" d="" landfill.="" therefore,="" uta="" subjected="" treatability="" study="" samples="" #32="" and="" #36,="" after="" treatment,="" to="" the="" multiple="" extraction="" procedure="" (mep).="" the="" mep="" (sw-846="" method="" 1320)="" is="" a="" test="" developed="" by="" the="" agency="" to="" assist="" in="" predicting="" the="" long-term="" leachability="" of="" stabilized="" wastes.="" the="" mep="" consists="" of="" a="" tclp="" extraction="" of="" a="" sample="" followed="" by="" nine="" sequential="" extractions="" of="" the="" same="" sample,="" using="" a="" synthetic="" acid="" rain="" extraction="" fluid="" (prepared="" by="" adding="" a="" 60/40="" weight="" mixture="" of="" sulfuric="" acid="" and="" nitric="" acid="" to="" distilled="" deionized="" water="" until="" the="" ph="" is="" 3.0=""> 0.2). The sample which is subjected to
the nine sequential extractions consists of the solid phase remaining
after, and separated from, the initial TCLP extract. The Agency
designed the MEP to simulate multiple washings of percolating rainfall
in the field, and estimates that these extractions simulate
approximately 1,000 years of rainfall. (See 47 FR 52687, Nov. 22,
1982.) MEP results for samples #32 and #36 are presented in Table 3. In
response to a request by EPA for additional information, UTA reported a
quantitation limit of 0.01 mg/l for cadmium and chromium in the MEP
test on samples #32 and #36. Samples #32, #36, #6-32, and #6-36 were
also tested by the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP,
SW-846 Method 1312), which consists of a single extraction by the same
synthetic acid rain solution used in the MEP. Total analysis, TCLP,
SPLP, and MEP results for stabilized, but not fully cured, treatability
study samples are presented in Table 3.
Table 3.--Analytical Results (ppm) for Treated Samples of Site Lagoon Sludge
[Chemically Stabilized, But Not Fully Cured]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Totals (untreated) TCLP (treated) SPLP (treated) Multiple extraction procedure (treated)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum conc./ Concentration in
Sample \1\ Cadmium Chromium extract number final extract
(Cd) (Cr) Cd Cr Cr Cr -------------------------------------------
Cd Cr Cd Cr
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36........................................ 543 449 <0.10><0.50><0.01 0.07="" 0.56/6="" 0.07/1="" 0.03="" 0.02="" 6-36......................................="" 777="" 289=""><0.10><0.50 .........="" .........="" .........="" .........="" .........="" .........="" 32........................................="" 543="" 449=""><0.10><0.50><0.01 0.04="" 0.80/6="" 0.06/7="" 0.05="" 0.03="" [[page="" 14702]]="" 6-32......................................="" 777="" 289=""><0.10><0.50 .........="" .........="" .........="" .........="" .........="" .........="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" \1\="" sample="" 36="" (composite="" of="" lagoons="" 1-6)="" was="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lime="" kiln="" dust="" (lkd)="" and="" 5%="" portland="" cement="" (pc);="" sample="" 6-36="" (composite="" from="" lagoon="" 6)="" was="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" and="" 5%="" pc;="" sample="" 32="" (composite="" of="" lagoons="" 1-6)="" was="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" only;="" sample="" 6-32="" (composite="" from="" lagoon="" 6)="" was="" stabilized="" with="" 20%="" lkd="" only.="">< denotes="" that="" the="" constituent="" was="" not="" detected="" above="" the="" practical="" quantitation="" limit,="" the="" number="" to="" the="" right="" of="" the="" symbol=""><. uta="" included="" site="" groundwater="" monitoring="" data="" in="" its="" delisting="" petition,="" because="" disposal="" option="" (a)="" above="" involves="" onsite="" disposal="" of="" the="" treated="" waste.="" these="" data="" are="" shown="" in="" table="" 4,="" and="" were="" obtained="" by="" sampling="" 5="" groundwater="" monitoring="" wells="" which="" had="" been="" installed="" to="" assess="" the="" impact="" of="" untreated="" lagoon="" waste="" on="" site="" groundwater.="" the="" wells="" were="" installed="" upgradient,="" cross-gradient,="" and="" downgradient="" to="" the="" site="" lagoons="" in="" accordance="" with="" the="" removal="" action="" work="" plan="" required="" by="" the="" uao.="" the="" wells="" were="" sampled="" and="" analyzed="" for="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" in="" july="" 1995.="" table="" 4.--groundwater="" result="" summary="" (ppm)="" untreated="" lagoon="" waste="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" state="" of="" constituent="" mw-1="" mw-2="" mw-3="" mw-4="" mw-5="" tennessee="" federal="" mcl="" mcl="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" cadmium.....................................................=""><0.005><0.005><0.005><0.005><0.005 0.01="" 0.005="" chromium....................................................="" 0.010=""><0.010 0.011=""><0.010><0.010 0.05="" 0.10="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="">< denotes="" that="" the="" constituent="" was="" not="" detected="" above="" the="" practical="" quantitation="" limit,="" the="" number="" to="" the="" right="" of="" the="" symbol=""><. monitoring="" wells="" are="" numbered="" consecutively="" mw-1--mw-5.="" mcl="" is="" the="" maximum="" contaminant="" level="" allowable="" in="" drinking="" water,="" as="" established="" by="" the="" safe="" drinking="" water="" act;="" mcls="" for="" the="" state="" of="" tennessee="" are="" the="" levels="" adopted="" by="" state="" law.="" uta="" believes="" that="" the="" groundwater="" results="" summarized="" in="" table="" 4="" indicate="" that="" land="" disposal="" of="" chemically="" stabilized="" waste="" from="" site="" lagoons="" 1-6="" will="" not="" have="" an="" adverse="" impact="" on="" groundwater="" quality,="" because="" uta="" believes="" that="" the="" data="" in="" table="" 4="" demonstrate="" that="" the="" untreated="" lagoon="" waste="" has="" not="" adversely="" affected="" groundwater="" quality.="" in="" addition="" to="" the="" data="" in="" table="" 4,="" the="" groundwater="" monitoring="" information="" submitted="" by="" uta="" also="" included:="" (1)="" well="" location="" information;="" and="" (2)="" water="" level="" contour="" maps.="" epa="" does="" not="" generally="" verify="" submitted="" test="" data="" before="" proposing="" delisting="" decisions.="" the="" sworn="" affidavit="" submitted="" with="" this="" petition="" binds="" the="" petitioner="" to="" present="" truthful="" and="" accurate="" results.="" the="" agency,="" however,="" has="" maintained="" a="" spot-check="" sampling="" and="" analysis="" program="" to="" verify="" the="" representative="" nature="" of="" data="" for="" some="" percentage="" of="" the="" submitted="" petitions.="" a="" spot-check="" visit="" to="" a="" selected="" facility="" may="" be="" initiated="" before="" finalizing="" a="" delisting="" petition="" or="" after="" granting="" an="" exclusion.="" the="" agency="" reviews="" a="" petitioner's="" estimates="" and,="" on="" occasion,="" has="" requested="" a="" petitioner="" to="" re-evaluate="" estimated="" waste="" volume.="" epa="" accepts="" uta's="" estimate="" of="" 11,500="" cubic="" yards.="" d.="" agency="" evaluation="" the="" agency="" considered="" the="" appropriateness="" of="" alternative="" waste="" management="" scenarios="" for="" uta's="" chemically="" stabilized="" sludge="" and="" soil="" and="" decided,="" based="" on="" the="" information="" provided="" in="" the="" petition,="" that="" disposal="" in="" a="" subtitle="" d="" landfill="" is="" the="" most="" reasonable,="" worst-case="" scenario="" for="" this="" waste.="" under="" a="" landfill="" disposal="" scenario,="" the="" major="" exposure="" route="" of="" concern="" for="" any="" hazardous="" constituents="" would="" be="" ingestion="" of="" contaminated="" groundwater.="" the="" agency,="" therefore,="" evaluated="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" using="" the="" epa's="" composite="" model="" for="" landfills="" (epacml),="" as="" modified="" for="" delisting="" evaluations,="" which="" predicts="" the="" potential="" for="" groundwater="" contamination="" from="" wastes="" that="" are="" landfilled.="" for="" metal="" constituents="" in="" 40="" cfr="" 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(c)(1),="" epa="" also="" evaluated="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" by="" comparing="" generic="" delisting="" levels="" in="" sec.="" 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(c)(1)="" with="" epacml="" levels.="" see="" 60="" fr="" 31108-31115,="" june="" 13,="" 1995,="" a="" final="" rule="" in="" which="" epa="" evaluated="" a="" petition="" and="" approved="" an="" exclusion="" based="" on="" comparing="" these="" generic="" delisting="" levels="" with="" epacml="" levels,="" and="" selecting="" the="" generic="" delisting="" levels="" if="" they="" were="" lower="" than="" the="" levels="" generated="" from="" the="" epacml="" model.="" the="" epacml="" model="" is="" more="" sophisticated="" than="" the="" vertical="" horizontal="" spread="" (vhs)="" model="" used="" previously="" by="" the="" agency="" for="" evaluating="" delisting="" petitions.="" see="" 56="" fr="" 32993,="" july="" 18,="" 1991;="" and="" 56="" fr="" 67197,="" dec.="" 30,="" 1991="" for="" a="" detailed="" description="" of="" the="" epacml="" model,="" the="" disposal="" assumptions,="" the="" modifications="" made="" for="" delisting,="" and="" the="" benefits="" of="" replacing="" the="" vhs="" model="" with="" the="" epacml="" model="" for="" delisting.="" this="" model,="" which="" includes="" both="" unsaturated="" and="" saturated="" zone="" transport="" modules,="" was="" used="" to="" predict="" reasonable="" worst-case="" contaminant="" levels="" in="" groundwater="" at="" a="" compliance="" point="" (i.e.,="" a="" receptor="" well="" serving="" as="" a="" drinking-water="" supply).="" specifically,="" the="" model="" estimated="" the="" dilution/attenuation="" factor="" (daf)="" resulting="" from="" subsurface="" processes="" such="" as="" three-dimensional="" dispersion="" and="" dilution="" from="" groundwater="" recharge="" for="" a="" specific="" volume="" of="" waste.="" the="" agency="" requests="" public="" comments="" on="" its="" use="" of="" the="" epacml="" model="" and="" generic="" delisting="" levels="" in="" sec.="" 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(c)(1)="" as="" applied="" to="" the="" evaluation="" of="" uta's="" waste.="" epa="" will="" [[page="" 14703]]="" consider="" all="" comments="" on="" the="" validity="" of="" the="" epacml="" model="" and="" generic="" delisting="" levels="" in="" sec.="" 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(c)(1)="" and="" the="" appropriateness="" for="" their="" use="" here="" to="" evaluate="" the="" potential="" for="" groundwater="" contamination="" if="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" disposed="" of="" in="" any="" subtitle="" d="" landfill.="" for="" the="" evaluation="" of="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste,="" the="" agency="" used="" the="" epacml="" model="" to="" evaluate="" the="" mobility="" of="" hazardous="" inorganic="" constituents="" detected="" in="" the="" extract="" of="" samples="" of="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste.="" the="" agency's="" evaluation,="" using="" uta's="" estimated="" one-time="" waste="" volume="" of="" 11,500="" cubic="" yards="" and="" the="" epacml="" modified="" for="" delisting="" yielded="" a="" dilution/attenuation="" factor="" (daf)="" of="" 100.="" see="" table="" 5,="" which="" is="" a="" list="" of="" dafs="" calculated="" by="" the="" epacml="" model,="" modified="" for="" delisting,="" for="" landfills="" receiving="" different="" annual="" volumes="" of="" waste.="" the="" dafs="" in="" table="" 5="" include="" a="" scaling="" factor="" of="" 20,="" because="" the="" average="" life="" of="" a="" subtitle="" d="" landfill="" is="" 20="" years="" and="" the="" typical="" delisting="" petition="" is="" for="" continuously="" generated="" waste="" which="" is="" sent="" to="" a="" landfill="" at="" a="" certain="" annual="" rate.="" that="" annual="" rate,="" the="" volume="" of="" waste="" in="" cubic="" yards="" per="" year,="" can="" be="" converted="" to="" a="" landfill="" size="" for="" input="" into="" the="" epacml="" model="" to="" generate="" a="" daf,="" with="" the="" assumption="" that="" the="" annual="" rate="" supplied="" by="" the="" delisting="" petitioner="" is="" multiplied="" by="" 20="" prior="" to="" the="" conversion.="" the="" agency="" has="" completed="" these="" calculations="" for="" a="" range="" of="" annual="" waste="" volumes="" and="" they="" are="" summarized="" in="" table="" 5.="" the="" agency="" need="" not="" use="" the="" scaling="" factor="" of="" 20="" for="" a="" petitioned="" one-="" time="" exclusion.="" therefore,="" instead="" of="" a="" daf="" of="" 34="" obtained="" from="" table="" 5="" for="" 11,500="" cubic="" yards,="" the="" agency="" could="" eliminate="" the="" scaling="" factor="" of="" 20="" by="" dividing="" 11,500="" cubic="" yards="" by="" 20,="" thereby="" obtaining="" a="" waste="" volume="" of="" 575="" and="" the="" maximum="" possible="" daf="" of="" 100="" in="" table="" 5.="" see="" 55="" fr="" 11826,="" march="" 29,="" 1990;="" 56="" fr="" 32993,="" july="" 18,="" 1991;="" and="" 56="" fr="" 67197,="" dec.="" 30,="" 1991="" for="" a="" detailed="" description="" of="" the="" epacml="" model,="" the="" disposal="" assumptions,="" and="" the="" modifications="" made="" for="" delisting.="" see="" also="" 60="" fr="" 62801,="" dec.="" 7,="" 1995,="" for="" a="" previous="" delisting="" proposal="" in="" which="" the="" agency="" obtained="" a="" daf="" of="" 48,="" instead="" of="" 14.8,="" from="" a="" table="" containing="" the="" same="" landfill="" dafs="" and="" waste="" volumes="" as="" table="" 5,="" for="" a="" one-time="" exclusion="" of="" a="" volume="" of="" waste="" equal="" to="" 110,000="" cubic="" yards.="" (see="" docket="" for="" this="" rule="" for="" further="" details="" on="" the="" use="" of="" the="" epacml="" model="" in="" evaluating="" uta's="" waste.)="" table="" 5.--dilution/attenuation="" factors="" (dafs)="" for="" landfills="" calculated="" by="" the="" epacml="" model,="" modified="" for="" delisting="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" daf="" (95th="" waste="" volume="" in="" cubic="" yards="" per="" year="" \1\="" percentile)="" ----------------------------------------------------------------\2\-----="" 1,000...................................................="" \3\="" 100="" 1,250...................................................="" 96="" 1,500...................................................="" 90="" 1,750...................................................="" 84="" 2,000...................................................="" 79="" 2,500...................................................="" 74="" 3,000...................................................="" 68="" 4,000...................................................="" 57="" 5,000...................................................="" 54="" 6,000...................................................="" 48="" 7,000...................................................="" 45="" 8,000...................................................="" 43="" 9,000...................................................="" 40="" 10,000..................................................="" 36="" 12,500..................................................="" 33="" 15,000..................................................="" 29="" 20,000..................................................="" 27="" 25,000..................................................="" 24="" 30,000..................................................="" 23="" 40,000..................................................="" 20="" 50,000..................................................="" 19="" 60,000..................................................="" 17="" 80,000..................................................="" 17="" 90,000..................................................="" 16="" 100,000.................................................="" 15="" 150,000.................................................="" 14="" 200,000.................................................="" 13="" 250,000.................................................="" 12="" 300,000.................................................="" 12="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" \1\="" the="" waste="" volume="" includes="" a="" scaling="" factor="" of="" 20;="" see="" 56="" fr="" 32993,="" july="" 18,="" 1991;="" and="" 56="" fr="" 67197,="" dec.="" 30,="" 1991,="" and="" text="" of="" today's="" proposed="" rule,="" for="" a="" discussion="" of="" the="" use="" of="" the="" scaling="" factor.="" \2\="" the="" dafs="" calculated="" by="" the="" epacml="" are="" a="" probability="" distribution="" based="" on="" a="" range="" of="" values="" for="" each="" model="" input="" parameter;="" the="" input="" parameters="" include="" such="" variables="" as="" landfill="" size,="" climatic="" data,="" and="" hydrogeologic="" data.="" the="" 95th="" percentile="" daf="" represents="" a="" value="" in="" which="" one="" can="" have="" 95%="" confidence="" that="" a="" contaminant's="" concentration="" will="" be="" reduced="" by="" a="" factor="" equal="" to="" the="" daf,="" as="" the="" contaminant="" moves="" from="" the="" bottom="" of="" the="" landfill="" through="" the="" subsurface="" environment="" to="" a="" receptor="" well.="" for="" example,="" if="" the="" 95th="" percentile="" daf="" is="" 10,="" and="" the="" leachate="" concentration="" of="" cadmium="" at="" the="" bottom="" of="" the="" landfill="" is="" 0.05="" mg/l,="" one="" can="" be="" 95%="" confident="" that="" the="" receptor="" well="" concentration="" of="" cadmium="" will="" not="" exceed="" 0.005="" mg/l.="" see="" 55="" fr="" 11826,="" march="" 29,="" 1990;="" 56="" fr="" 32993,="" july="" 18,="" 1991;="" and="" 56="" fr="" 67197,="" december="" 30,="" 1991.="" \3\="" daf="" cutoff="" is="" 100,="" corresponding="" to="" the="" toxicity="" characteristic="" rule="" (55="" fr="" 11826,="" march="" 29,="" 1990).="" the="" agency="" calculated="" delisting="" levels="" for="" uta's="" chemically="" stabilized="" f006,="" based="" on="" the="" epacml="" model,="" as="" shown="" in="" table="" 6.="" [[page="" 14704]]="" table="" 6.--epacml-based="" delisting="" levels="" for="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" in="" landfill="" waste="" (tclp,="" mg/l)="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" waste="" volume="" (cubic="" yards,="" allowable="" one-time="" exclusion)="" allowable="" tclp="" \1\="" -----------------------------="" tclp="" \1\="" leachate="" leachate="" concentration="" concentration="" (mg/l)="" for="" constituent="" volume;="" daf="" mcl="" (mg/l)="" (mg/l)="" for="" waste,="" volume;="" daf="" without="" waste,="" with="" without="" with="" scaling="" scaling="" scaling="" scaling="" factor="20" factor="20" factor="" of="" 20="" factor="" and="" and="" daf="" of="" daf="" of="" 34="34" x="" mcl="" 100="100" x="" mcl="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" cadmium........................................................................="" 11,500;="" 34="" 575;="" 100="" 0.005="" 0.17="" 0.5="" chromium.......................................................................="" 11,500;="" 34="" 575;="" 100="" 0.10="" 3.4="" 10="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" \1\="" as="" of="" september="" 25,="" 1990="" the="" agency="" adopted="" the="" tclp="" as="" a="" replacement="" for="" and="" improvement="" upon="" the="" extraction="" procedure="" (ep)="" leachate="" test="" in="" its="" hazardous="" waste="" regulatory="" program.="" thus,="" the="" agency="" now="" requires="" that="" petitioners="" provide="" tclp="" data="" rather="" than="" ep="" data="" in="" support="" of="" their="" petitions.="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" the="" maximum="" leachable="" concentrations="" of="" samples="" analyzed="" using="" the="" tclp="" will="" be="" more="" representative="" of="" the="" potential="" mobility="" of="" constituents="" from="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" than="" if="" ep="" extracts="" of="" samples="" were="" analyzed.="" these="" calculated="" delisting="" levels="" are="" the="" concentrations="" in="" the="" tclp="" extracts="" of="" the="" waste="" that="" the="" epacml="" model="" predicts="" will="" not="" result="" in="" contaminant="" levels="" above="" mcls="" in="" groundwater="" at="" receptor="" wells.="" the="" confidence="" level="" of="" this="" prediction="" is="" 95%,="" which="" is="" also="" the="" level="" required="" for="" evaluating="" groundwater="" monitoring="" data="" subject="" to="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 264.="" see="" 56="" fr="" 32998,="" july="" 18,="" 1981.="" the="" agency="" uses="" maximum="" contaminant="" levels,="" when="" they="" are="" available,="" as="" the="" health-="" based="" levels="" for="" groundwater.="" see="" the="" ``docket="" report="" on="" health-based="" levels="" and="" solubilities="" used="" in="" the="" evaluation="" of="" delisting="" petitions,="" submitted="" under="" 40="" cfr="" sec.="" 260.20="" and="" sec.="" 260.22,''="" december="" 1994,="" located="" in="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket,="" for="" the="" agency's="" methods="" of="" calculating="" health-based="" levels="" for="" evaluating="" delisting="" petitions="" from="" mcls,="" and="" when="" mcls="" are="" not="" available.="" the="" agency="" did="" not="" evaluate="" the="" mobility="" of="" constituents="" that="" were="" undetected="" in="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" because="" the="" non-detectable="" values="" were="" obtained="" using="" the="" appropriate="" sw-846="" analytical="" test="" methods="" and="" adequate="" detection="" limits="" (see="" tables="" 2="" and="" 3).="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" it="" is="" inappropriate="" to="" evaluate="" non-detectable="" concentrations="" of="" a="" constituent="" of="" concern="" in="" its="" modeling="" efforts="" for="" rcra="" delistings="" if="" the="" non-detectable="" value="" was="" obtained="" using="" the="" appropriate="" analytical="" method.="" if="" a="" constituent="" cannot="" be="" detected="" (when="" using="" the="" appropriate="" analytical="" method="" with="" an="" adequate="" detection="" limit),="" the="" agency="" believes="" it="" is="" reasonable="" to="" assume="" that="" the="" constituent="" is="" not="" present="" and="" therefore="" does="" not="" present="" a="" threat="" to="" either="" human="" health="" or="" the="" environment.="" the="" agency="" did="" not="" calculate="" epacml-based="" delisting="" levels="" in="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" for="" arsenic,="" barium,="" vocs,="" and="" svocs="" because="" levels="" of="" these="" constituents="" in="" the="" untreated="" waste="" were="" below="" the="" health-based="" levels="" used="" in="" delisting="" decision-making,="" and="" vocs="" were="" undetected="" in="" the="" petitioned="" (treated)="" waste.="" see="" tables="" 2,="" 3,="" and="" 7.="" table="" 7.--maximum="" concentrations="" in="" untreated="" samples="" from="" site="" lagoons="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" maximum="" \2\="" concentration="" maximum="" in="" tclp="" tclp="" leachate="" concentration="" leachate,="" (mg/="" concentration="" health-based="" constituent="" \1\="" in="" site="" l),="" divided="" by="" level="" \4\="" lagoons="" (total="" calculated="" daf="" of="" 100="" (mg/l)="" analysis,="" mg/kg)="" from="" total="" \3\="" (mg/l)="" concentration="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" arsenic...........................................="" 4.7="" 0.8="" 0.008="" 0.05="" barium............................................="" 370="" 60="" 0.6="" 2="" lead..............................................="" 26.2="" 4="" 0.04="" 0.015="" nickel............................................="" 13.1="" 2="" 0.02="" 0.1="" bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate........................="" 1.40="" 0.2="" 0.002="" 0.006="" di-n-butylphthalate...............................="" 0.63="" 0.1="" 0.001="" 4="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" \1\="" the="" concentration="" level="" for="" each="" constituent="" in="" table="" 7="" is="" the="" maximum="" concentration="" found="" for="" that="" constituent="" in="" site="" lagoons.="" \2\="" the="" maximum="" possible="" concentration="" in="" a="" tclp="" leachate="" of="" untreated="" waste,="" assuming="" all="" the="" constituent="" is="" leachable,="" and="" assuming="" the="" dilution="" factor="" of="" 20="" for="" the="" tclp="" on="" 100%="" solids="" has="" been="" reduced="" to="" 6="" by="" a="" moisture="" content="" of="" 70%="" in="" the="" untreated="" waste.="" \3\="" the="" daf="" of="" 100="" was="" obtained="" from="" table="" 5="" for="" a="" one-time="" waste="" volume="" of="" 11,500="" cubic="" yards="" of="" stabilized="" waste,="" by="" eliminating="" the="" scaling="" factor="" of="" 20.="" see="" 55="" fr="" 11826,="" march="" 29,="" 1990;="" 56="" fr="" 32993,="" july="" 18,="" 1991;="" and="" 56="" fr="" 67197,="" dec.="" 30,="" 1991="" for="" a="" detailed="" description="" of="" the="" epacml="" model,="" the="" disposal="" assumptions,="" and="" the="" modifications="" made="" for="" delisting.="" see="" also="" 60="" fr="" 62801,="" dec.="" 7,="" 1995,="" for="" delisting="" proposal="" for="" a="" one-="" time="" exclusion="" and="" a="" daf="" obtained="" by="" eliminating="" the="" scaling="" factor="" of="" 20.="" \4\="" see="" the="" ``docket="" report="" on="" health-based="" levels="" and="" solubilities="" used="" in="" the="" evaluation="" of="" delisting="" petitions,="" submitted="" under="" 40="" cfr="" sec.="" 260.20="" and="" sec.="" 260.22,''="" december="" 1994,="" located="" in="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket,="" for="" the="" agency's="" methods="" of="" calculating="" health-based="" levels="" for="" evaluating="" delisting="" petitions="" from="" mcls,="" and="" when="" mcls="" are="" not="" available.="" lead="" is="" the="" only="" constituent="" which="" exceeds="" the="" health-based="" level,="" based="" on="" the="" assumptions="" made="" in="" the="" calculations="" for="" table="" 7.="" since="" this="" was="" found="" for="" the="" maximum="" lead="" level="" in="" untreated="" waste,="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" lead="" in="" the="" petitioned="" waste,="" which="" will="" be="" treated="" and="" cured,="" will="" not="" adversely="" affect="" either="" human="" health="" or="" the="" environment.="" uta="" submitted="" analytical="" results="" for="" tests="" of="" reactive="" cyanide="" and="" reactive="" sulfide="" in="" the="" untreated="" lagoon="" waste;="" the="" concentrations="" of="" reactive="" cyanide="" and="" reactive="" sulfide="" were="" well="" below="" the="" [[page="" 14705]]="" agency's="" interim="" standards="" of="" 250="" mg/kg="" and="" 500="" mg/kg,="" respectively.="" see="" ``interim="" agency="" thresholds="" for="" toxic="" gas="" generation,''="" july="" 12,="" 1985,="" internal="" agency="" memorandum="" in="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket,="" and="" sw-846="" chapter="" 7,="" section="" 7.3.3.2.="" therefore,="" reactive="" cyanide="" and="" sulfide="" levels="" in="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" would="" not="" cause="" this="" waste="" to="" be="" considered="" a="" hazardous="" waste="" for="" subtitle="" c="" purposes="" and="" are="" not="" of="" concern.="" although="" lead,="" nickel,="" and="" cyanide="" concentrations="" in="" untreated="" waste="" indicate="" they="" may="" not="" pose="" a="" significant="" threat,="" the="" agency="" proposes="" to="" select="" as="" delisting="" levels="" for="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" the="" generic="" delisting="" levels="" for="" cadmium,="" chromium,="" lead,="" nickel,="" and="" cyanide="" in="" 40="" cfr="" 261.3(c)(2)(ii)(c)(1).="" these="" levels="" are="" lower="" than="" the="" epacml-based="" levels;="" both="" generic="" and="" epacml-based="" levels="" are="" presented="" in="" table="" 8.="" table="" 8.--generic="" delisting="" levels="" and="" epacml-based="" delisting="" levels="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" epacml-="" generic="" based="" delisting="" delisting="" level="" from="" level="" daf="" sec.="100" constituent="" 261.3="" (tclp,="" mg/="" (tclp,="" mg/="" l)="" (level="" l,="" except="DAF" x="" for="" mcl="100" cyanide)="" x="" mcl)="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" cadmium..........................................="" 0.050="" 0.50="" chromium.........................................="" 0.33="" 10="" lead.............................................="" 0.15="" 1.5="" nickel...........................................="" 1.0="" 10="" cyanide="" (total)="" (mg/kg)="" \1\......................="" 1.8="" 20="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" \1\="" the="" cyanide="" (total,="" not="" amenable)="" concentration="" must="" not="" exceed="" 1.8="" mg/kg,="" by="" total="" analysis,="" not="" analysis="" of="" leachate.="" cyanide="" concentrations="" must="" be="" measured="" by="" the="" method="" specified="" in="" 40="" cfr="" 268.40,="" note="" 7.="" uta="" reported="" that="" tests="" on="" the="" untreated="" lagoon="" waste="" demonstrated="" that="" it="" did="" not="" exhibit="" the="" characteristics="" of="" ignitability="" or="" corrosivity.="" therefore,="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" would="" not="" be="" considered="" a="" hazardous="" waste="" for="" subtitle="" c="" purposes="" because="" of="" these="" characteristics.="" the="" agency="" concluded="" after="" reviewing="" uta's="" data="" on="" the="" multiple="" extraction="" procedure="" (mep,="" tables="" 3="" and="" 10)="" that="" the="" long-term="" leachability="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" unlikely="" to="" have="" an="" adverse="" impact="" on="" either="" human="" health="" or="" the="" environment.="" the="" data="" for="" treated,="" but="" not="" fully="" cured="" waste,="" in="" table="" 3,="" indicate="" that="" a="" relatively="" small="" percent="" of="" the="" available="" cadmium="" and="" chromium="" would="" leach="" from="" this="" waste,="" after="" disposal="" in="" a="" subtitle="" d="" landfill,="" over="" a="" period="" of="" 1000="" years.="" furthermore,="" the="" data="" in="" table="" 3="" indicate="" that="" a="" period="" of="" more="" than="" 100="" years="" would="" be="" required="" for="" the="" leachate="" to="" contain="" a="" concentration="" of="" cadmium="" greater="" than="" the="" epacml-based="" delisting="" level="" for="" a="" daf="" of="" 100,="" in="" table="" 6.="" epacml-based-delisting="" levels,="" with="" a="" daf="" of="" 100="" or="" 34,="" for="" chromium="" are="" not="" exceeded="" in="" any="" of="" the="" mep="" extracts.="" the="" mep="" ph="" data="" in="" table="" 10="" indicate="" that="" the="" ph="" of="" the="" treated,="" but="" not="" fully="" cured="" waste="" would="" remain="" alkaline="" for="" a="" period="" of="" more="" than="" 100="" years.="" sample="" calculations="" which="" the="" agency="" used="" to="" evaluate="" the="" mep="" data="" are="" presented="" in="" table="" 9.="" table="" 9.--long-term="" leachability="" calculations="" from="" mep="" data="" for="" stabilized,="" but="" not="" fully="" cured="" waste="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" total="" chromium="" (cr)="" in="" mep="" extracts="" (mg)="" total="" cadmium="" (cd)="" total="" cr="" available="" (mg)="" \2\;="" %="" total="" cd="" available="" (mg);="" %="" leached="" epacml-based="" \1\="" in="" mep="" extracts="" (mg)="" leached="" after="" final="" extract="" (1000-="" after="" final="" extract="" (1000-year="" delisting="" level,="" ---------------------------------------------------------------="" year="" estimate)="" \3\="" estimate)="" daf="" 100;="" sec.="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" 261.3="" generic="" delisting="" level="" sample="" #32="" sample="" sample="" sample="" (mg/1,="" in="" tclp="" #36="" #32="" #36="" sample="" #32="" sample="" #36="" sample="" #32="" sample="" #36="" leachate)="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" 0.64.........................="" 0.74="" 3.01="" 2.49="" 28.9;="" 2.2%......="" 44.9;="" 1.6%......="" 77.7;="" 3.9%......="" 54.3;="" 4.6%......="" cr:="" 10;="" 0.33.="" cd:="" 0.5;="" 0.05.="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" concentrations="" of="" cd="" in="" 6th="" and="" 7th="" extracts="" of="" treated="" sample="" #32="" (0.80,="" 0.52)="" and="" 6th="" extract="" of="" sample="" #36="" (0.56)="" are="" greater="" than="" generic="" delisting="" level="" and="" epacml-based="" daf="" of="" 100="" x="" mcl.="" concentrations="" of="" cd="" in="" 8th="" extract="" of="" treated="" sample="" #32="" (0.11)="" and="" 7th="" extract="" of="" treated="" sample="" #36="" (0.46)="" are="" greater="" than="" generic="" delisting="" level,="" but="" less="" than="" epacml-based="" daf="" of="" 100="" x="" mcl.="" \1\="" milligrams="" of="" cr="" in="" all="" mep="" extracts="" of="" treated="" sample="" #32,="" assuming="" a="" 100-gram="" sample="" is="" sequentially="" extracted="" with="" 2="" liters="" of="" extraction="" fluid/="" extract="2" l="" (.04="" +="" .04="" +="" .04="" +="" .03="" +="" .02="" +="" .03="" +="" .06="" +="" .03="" +="" .03)="2" (.32)=".64" mg.="" see="" table="" 3;="" the="" splp="" result="" is="" used="" for="" the="" concentration="" in="" the="" first="" of="" 9="" mep="" extractions.="" the="" same="" assumptions="" were="" used="" to="" calculate="" the="" values="" for="" cd="" in="" sample="" #32="" and="" sample="" #36="" and="" cr="" in="" sample="" #36.="" \2\="" total="" concentration="" cr="" in="" untreated="" sample="" #32="289" mg/kg="28.9" mg/100="" g.="" see="" table="" 3,="" and="" with="" the="" assumption="" of="" a="" 100-gram="" sample.="" \3\="" %="" leached="" after="" the="" last="" extract,="" estimated="" to="" simulate="" 1000="" years="" of="" acid="" rain="" (see="" 47="" fr="" 52687,="" november="" 22,="" 1982):="" (.64="" x="" 100)/28.9="2.2%" similar="" calculations="" were="" made="" for="" cd="" in="" treated="" sample="" #32="" and="" for="" cr="" and="" cd="" in="" treated="" sample="" #36:="" milligrams="" cd="" mep="" extracts="" of="" treated="" sample="" #32="2" l="" (.005="" +="" .005="" +="" .005="" +="" .005="" +="" .005="" +="" .80="" +="" .52="" +="" .11="" +="" .05)="2" x="" 1.505="3.01" mg;="" total="" cd="" in="" untreated="" sample="" #32="777" mg/kg="77.7" mg/100="" g;="" %="" leached="" in="" 1000="" years="(3.01" x="" 100)/77.7="3.9%." milligrams="" of="" cr="" treated="" sample="" #36="2" l="" x="" (.07="" +="" .07="" +="" .03="" +="" .03="" +="" .02="" +="" .04="" +="" .05="" +="" .04="" +="" .02)="2" (.37)=".74" mg;="" total="" cr="" in="" sample="" #36="449" mg/kg="44.9" mg/100="" g;="" %="" leached="" in="" 1000="" years="(100" x="" .74)/44.9="1.6%." milligrams="" of="" cd="" in="" treated="" sample="" #36="2" l="" x="" (.005="" +="" .01="" +="" .005="" +="" .005="" +="" .03="" +="" .56="" +="" .46="" +="" .14="" +="" .03)="2" x="" 1.245="2.49" mg;="" total="" cd="" in="" sample="" #36="543" mg/kg="54.3" mg/100="" g;="" %="" leached="" in="" 1000="" years="(100" x="" 2.49)/54.3="4.6%." table="" 10.--ph="" data="" from="" mep="" extractions="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" ph="" of="" each="" mep="" extract="" at="" beginning="" and="" end="" of="" extraction="" (top="" value="" is="" beginning;="" bottom="" value="" is="" end)="" sample="" no.="" -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" ext.="" #="" 1="" ext.="" #="" 2="" ext.="" #="" 3="" ext.="" #="" 4="" ext.="" #="" 5="" ext.="" #="" 6="" ext.="" #="" 7="" ext.="" #="" 8="" ext.="" #="" 9="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" 32..............................................="" 12.0="" 11.6="" 11.3="" 10.7="" 10.0="" 7.90="" 6.40="" 4.50="" 3.00="" [[page="" 14706]]="" 11.6="" 11.3="" 10.7="" 10.0="" 7.90="" 6.40="" 4.50="" 3.00="" 3.00="" 36..............................................="" 11.8="" 11.6="" 11.4="" 10.8="" 10.6="" 7.2="" 6.4="" 4.0="" 3.4="" 11.6="" 11.4="" 10.8="" 10.6="" 7.2="" 6.4="" 4.0="" 3.4="" 3.0="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" ----------="" the="" agency="" concluded="" after="" reviewing="" uta's="" waste="" management="" and="" waste="" history="" information="" that="" no="" other="" hazardous="" constituents,="" other="" than="" those="" tested="" for,="" are="" likely="" to="" be="" present="" in="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste.="" in="" addition,="" on="" the="" basis="" of="" test="" results="" and="" information="" provided="" by="" uta,="" pursuant="" to="" sec.="" 260.22,="" the="" agency="" concludes="" that="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" does="" not="" exhibit="" any="" of="" the="" characteristics="" of="" ignitability,="" corrosivity,="" or="" reactivity.="" see="" secs.="" 261.21,="" 261.22,="" and="" 261.23,="" respectively.="" during="" its="" evaluation="" of="" uta's="" petition,="" the="" agency="" also="" considered="" the="" potential="" impact="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" via="" nongroundwater="" routes.="" with="" regard="" to="" airborne="" dispersal="" of="" waste,="" the="" agency="" evaluated="" the="" potential="" hazards="" resulting="" from="" airborne="" exposure="" to="" waste="" contaminants="" from="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" using="" an="" air="" dispersion="" model="" for="" releases="" from="" a="" landfill.="" the="" results="" of="" this="" evaluation="" indicated="" that="" there="" is="" no="" substantial="" present="" or="" potential="" hazard="" to="" human="" health="" from="" airborne="" exposure="" to="" constituents="" from="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste.="" (a="" description="" of="" the="" agency's="" assessment="" of="" the="" potential="" impact="" of="" airborne="" dispersal="" of="" uta's="" waste="" is="" presented="" in="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket="" for="" today's="" proposed="" rule.)="" the="" agency="" also="" considered="" the="" potential="" impact="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" via="" a="" surface="" water="" route.="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" containment="" structures="" at="" municipal="" solid="" waste="" landfills="" can="" effectively="" control="" surface="" water="" runoff,="" as="" the="" recently="" promulgated="" subtitle="" d="" regulations="" (see="" 56="" fr="" 50978,="" october="" 9,="" 1991)="" prohibit="" pollutant="" discharges="" into="" surface="" waters.="" furthermore,="" if="" the="" waste="" were="" to="" remain="" on-site,="" the="" disposal="" landfill="" containing="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" would="" be="" closed="" in="" accordance="" with="" a="" closure/post-closure="" plan="" approved="" by="" the="" state="" of="" tennessee.="" therefore,="" any="" significant="" future="" releases="" of="" contaminants="" from="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" at="" its="" current="" location="" via="" a="" surface="" water="" route="" are="" highly="" unlikely.="" while="" some="" contamination="" of="" surface="" water="" is="" possible="" through="" runoff="" from="" a="" waste="" disposal="" area="" (i.e.,="" storm="" water),="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" the="" dissolved="" concentrations="" of="" any="" hazardous="" constituents="" in="" the="" runoff="" will="" tend="" to="" be="" lower="" than="" the="" extraction="" procedure="" test="" results="" reported="" in="" today's="" notice="" because="" of="" the="" aggressive="" acidic="" medium="" used="" for="" extraction="" in="" the="" tclp.="" the="" agency="" also="" believes="" that,="" in="" general,="" leachate="" derived="" from="" the="" waste="" will="" not="" directly="" enter="" a="" surface="" water="" body="" without="" first="" traveling="" through="" the="" saturated="" subsurface="" where="" dilution="" of="" hazardous="" constituents="" may="" occur.="" in="" addition,="" any="" transported="" contaminants="" would="" be="" further="" diluted="" in="" the="" receiving="" water="" body.="" significant="" releases="" to="" surface="" water="" due="" to="" erosion="" of="" undissolved="" particulates="" in="" runoff="" are="" also="" unlikely,="" due="" to="" the="" controls="" noted="" above.="" nevertheless,="" the="" agency="" evaluated="" the="" potential="" hazards="" resulting="" from="" possible="" releases="" from="" site="" lagoon="" 6,="" which="" may="" become="" an="" onsite="" landfill.="" the="" results="" of="" these="" evaluations="" indicate="" that="" uta's="" waste="" would="" not="" present="" a="" threat="" to="" human="" health="" or="" the="" environment.="" (see="" the="" docket="" to="" today's="" rule="" for="" a="" description="" of="" this="" analysis).="" e.="" conclusion="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" uta="" has="" demonstrated="" that="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" not="" hazardous="" for="" subtitle="" c="" purposes.="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" the="" sampling="" procedures="" used="" by="" uta="" were="" adequate,="" and="" that="" the="" samples="" collected="" from="" the="" lagoons="" are="" representative="" of="" the="" waste="" contained="" in="" the="" lagoons,="" and="" that="" the="" treatability="" study="" samples="" are="" representative="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste,="" to="" be="" generated="" later.="" the="" agency,="" therefore,="" is="" proposing="" that="" uta's="" petitioned="" waste="" be="" delisted="" as="" non-hazardous="" and="" thus="" not="" subject="" to="" regulation="" under="" rcra="" subtitle="" c.="" the="" agency="" proposes="" to="" grant="" a="" conditional,="" upfront,="" one-="" time="" exclusion="" to="" united="" technology="" automotive's="" detroit,="" michigan,="" facility="" for="" the="" chemically="" stabilized="" sludge="" and="" soil="" described="" in="" its="" petition="" as="" epa="" hazardous="" waste="" no.="" f006="" and="" to="" be="" generated="" while="" conducting="" a="" cercla="" removal="" of="" untreated="" sludge="" and="" soil="" from="" lagoons="" 1-6="" at="" the="" highway="" 61="" industrial="" site="" in="" memphis,="" tennessee="" (``the="" site'').="" the="" agency's="" decision="" to="" exclude="" this="" waste="" is="" based="" on="" descriptions="" of="" waste="" management="" and="" waste="" history,="" results="" from="" the="" analysis="" of="" samples="" of="" a="" treatability="" study="" on="" the="" chemical="" stabilization="" process="" which="" will="" generate="" the="" petitioned="" waste,="" results="" from="" the="" analysis="" of="" samples="" of="" the="" untreated="" waste="" from="" which="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" will="" be="" generated,="" and="" groundwater="" monitoring="" data="" available="" for="" untreated="" waste="" contained="" in="" site="" lagoons.="" the="" agency's="" decision="" is="" also="" contingent="" upon="" verification="" testing="" conditions.="" if="" the="" proposed="" rule="" becomes="" effective,="" the="" exclusion="" will="" be="" valid="" only="" if="" the="" petitioner="" demonstrates="" that="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" meets="" the="" verification="" testing="" conditions="" and="" delisting="" levels="" in="" the="" amended="" table="" 1="" of="" appendix="" ix="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 261.="" if="" the="" agency="" approves="" that="" demonstration,="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" would="" not="" be="" subject="" to="" regulation="" under="" 40="" cfr="" parts="" 262="" through="" 268="" and="" the="" permitting="" standards="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 270.="" although="" management="" of="" the="" waste="" covered="" by="" this="" petition="" would,="" upon="" final="" promulgation,="" be="" relieved="" from="" subtitle="" c="" jurisdiction,="" the="" waste="" would="" remain="" a="" solid="" waste="" under="" rcra.="" as="" such,="" the="" waste="" must="" be="" handled="" in="" accordance="" with="" all="" applicable="" federal="" and="" state="" solid="" waste="" management="" regulations.="" iii.="" limited="" effect="" of="" federal="" exclusion="" this="" proposed="" rule,="" if="" promulgated,="" would="" be="" issued="" under="" the="" federal="" (rcra)="" delisting="" program.="" states,="" however,="" are="" allowed="" to="" impose="" their="" own,="" non-rcra="" regulatory="" requirements="" that="" are="" more="" stringent="" than="" epa's,="" pursuant="" to="" section="" 3009="" of="" rcra.="" these="" more="" stringent="" requirements="" may="" include="" a="" provision="" which="" prohibits="" a="" federally="" issued="" exclusion="" from="" taking="" effect="" in="" the="" states.="" because="" a="" petitioner's="" waste="" may="" be="" regulated="" under="" a="" dual="" system="" (i.e.,="" both="" federal="" and="" state="" programs),="" petitioners="" are="" urged="" to="" contact="" state="" regulatory="" authorities="" to="" determine="" the="" current="" status="" of="" their="" wastes="" under="" the="" state="" laws.="" furthermore,="" some="" states="" are="" authorized="" to="" administer="" a="" delisting="" program="" in="" lieu="" of="" the="" federal="" program,="" i.e.,="" to="" make="" their="" own="" delisting="" decisions.="" therefore,="" this="" proposed="" [[page="" 14707]]="" exclusion,="" if="" promulgated,="" would="" not="" apply="" in="" those="" authorized="" states.="" if="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" will="" be="" transported="" to="" any="" state="" with="" delisting="" authorization,="" uta="" must="" obtain="" delisting="" authorization="" from="" that="" state="" before="" the="" waste="" may="" be="" managed="" as="" nonhazardous="" in="" that="" state.="" iv.="" effective="" date="" this="" rule,="" if="" made="" final,="" will="" become="" effective="" immediately="" upon="" final="" publication.="" the="" hazardous="" and="" solid="" waste="" amendments="" of="" 1984="" amended="" section="" 3010="" of="" rcra="" to="" allow="" rules="" to="" become="" effective="" in="" less="" than="" six="" months="" when="" the="" regulated="" community="" does="" not="" need="" the="" six-="" month="" period="" to="" come="" into="" compliance.="" that="" is="" the="" case="" here,="" because="" this="" rule,="" if="" finalized,="" would="" reduce="" the="" existing="" requirements="" for="" persons="" generating="" hazardous="" wastes.="" in="" light="" of="" the="" unnecessary="" hardship="" and="" expense="" that="" would="" be="" imposed="" on="" this="" petitioner="" by="" an="" effective="" date="" six="" months="" after="" publication="" and="" the="" fact="" that="" a="" six-="" month="" deadline="" is="" not="" necessary="" to="" achieve="" the="" purpose="" of="" section="" 3010,="" epa="" believes="" that="" this="" exclusion="" should="" be="" effective="" immediately="" upon="" final="" publication.="" these="" reasons="" also="" provide="" a="" basis="" for="" making="" this="" rule="" effective="" immediately,="" upon="" final="" publication,="" under="" the="" administrative="" procedure="" act,="" pursuant="" to="" 5="" usc="" 553(d).="" v.="" regulatory="" impact="" under="" executive="" order="" 12866,="" epa="" must="" conduct="" an="" ``assessment="" of="" the="" potential="" costs="" and="" benefits''="" for="" all="" ``significant''="" regulatory="" actions.="" the="" effect="" of="" this="" proposed="" rule="" would="" be="" to="" reduce="" the="" overall="" costs="" and="" economic="" impact="" of="" epa's="" hazardous="" waste="" management="" regulations.="" this="" reduction="" would="" be="" achieved="" by="" excluding="" waste="" from="" epa's="" lists="" of="" hazardous="" wastes,="" thereby="" enabling="" this="" facility="" to="" treat="" its="" waste="" as="" nonhazardous.="" therefore,="" this="" proposed="" rule="" would="" not="" be="" a="" significant="" regulatory="" action="" under="" the="" executive="" order,="" and="" no="" assessment="" of="" costs="" and="" benefits="" is="" necessary.="" the="" office="" of="" management="" and="" budget="" (omb)="" has="" also="" exempted="" this="" proposed="" rule="" from="" the="" requirement="" for="" omb="" review="" under="" section="" (6)="" of="" executive="" order="" 12866.="" vi.="" regulatory="" flexibility="" act="" pursuant="" to="" the="" regulatory="" flexibility="" act,="" 5="" u.s.c.="" 601-612,="" whenever="" an="" agency="" is="" required="" to="" publish="" a="" general="" notice="" of="" rulemaking="" for="" any="" proposed="" or="" final="" rule,="" it="" must="" prepare="" and="" make="" available="" for="" public="" comment="" a="" regulatory="" flexibility="" analysis="" that="" describes="" the="" impact="" of="" the="" rule="" on="" small="" entities="" (i.e.,="" small="" businesses,="" small="" organizations,="" and="" small="" governmental="" jurisdictions).="" no="" regulatory="" flexibility="" analysis="" is="" required,="" however,="" if="" the="" administrator="" or="" delegated="" representative="" certifies="" that="" the="" rule="" will="" not="" have="" a="" significant="" economic="" impact="" on="" a="" substantial="" number="" of="" small="" entities.="" this="" rule,="" if="" promulgated,="" will="" not="" have="" an="" adverse="" economic="" impact="" on="" any="" small="" entities="" since="" its="" effect="" would="" be="" to="" reduce="" the="" overall="" costs="" of="" epa's="" hazardous="" waste="" regulations="" and="" would="" be="" limited="" to="" one="" facility.="" accordingly,="" i="" hereby="" certify="" that="" this="" proposed="" regulation,="" if="" promulgated,="" will="" not="" have="" a="" significant="" economic="" impact="" on="" a="" substantial="" number="" of="" small="" entities.="" this="" regulation,="" therefore,="" does="" not="" require="" a="" regulatory="" flexibility="" analysis.="" vii.="" paperwork="" reduction="" act="" information="" collection="" and="" record-keeping="" requirements="" associated="" with="" this="" proposed="" rule="" have="" been="" approved="" by="" the="" office="" of="" management="" and="" budget="" (omb)="" under="" the="" provisions="" of="" the="" paperwork="" reduction="" act="" of="" 1980="" (pub.l.="" 96-511,="" 44="" u.s.c="" 3501="" et="" seq.)="" and="" have="" been="" assigned="" omb="" control="" number="" 2050-0053.="" viii.="" unfunded="" mandates="" reform="" act="" under="" section="" 202="" of="" the="" unfunded="" mandates="" reform="" act="" of="" 1995="" (``umra''),="" public="" law="" 104-4,="" which="" was="" signed="" into="" law="" on="" march="" 22,="" 1995,="" epa="" generally="" must="" prepare="" a="" written="" statement="" for="" rules="" with="" federal="" mandates="" that="" may="" result="" in="" estimated="" costs="" to="" state,="" local,="" and="" tribal="" governments="" in="" the="" aggregate,="" or="" to="" the="" private="" sector,="" of="" $100="" million="" or="" more="" in="" any="" one="" year.="" when="" such="" a="" statement="" is="" required="" for="" epa="" rules,="" under="" section="" 205="" of="" the="" umra="" epa="" must="" identify="" and="" consider="" alternatives,="" including="" the="" least="" costly,="" most="" cost-effective="" or="" least="" burdensome="" alternative="" that="" achieves="" the="" objectives="" of="" the="" rule.="" epa="" must="" select="" that="" alternative,="" unless="" the="" administrator="" explains="" in="" the="" final="" rule="" why="" it="" was="" not="" selected="" or="" it="" is="" inconsistent="" with="" law.="" before="" epa="" establishes="" regulatory="" requirements="" that="" may="" significantly="" or="" uniquely="" affect="" small="" governments,="" including="" tribal="" governments,="" it="" must="" develop="" under="" section="" 203="" of="" the="" umra="" a="" small="" government="" agency="" plan.="" the="" plan="" must="" provide="" for="" notifying="" potentially="" affected="" small="" governments,="" giving="" them="" meaningful="" and="" timely="" input="" in="" the="" development="" of="" epa="" regulatory="" proposals="" with="" significant="" federal="" intergovernmental="" mandates,="" and="" informing,="" educating,="" and="" advising="" them="" on="" compliance="" with="" the="" regulatory="" requirements.="" the="" umra="" generally="" defines="" a="" federal="" mandate="" for="" regulatory="" purposes="" as="" one="" that="" imposes="" an="" enforceable="" duty="" upon="" state,="" local,="" or="" tribal="" governments="" or="" the="" private="" sector.="" epa="" finds="" that="" today's="" proposed="" delisting="" decision="" is="" deregulatory="" in="" nature="" and="" does="" not="" impose="" any="" enforceable="" duty="" on="" any="" state,="" local,="" or="" tribal="" governments="" or="" the="" private="" sector.="" in="" addition,="" the="" proposed="" delisting="" does="" not="" establish="" any="" regulatory="" requirements="" for="" small="" governments="" and="" so="" does="" not="" require="" a="" small="" government="" agency="" plan="" under="" umra="" section="" 203.="" list="" of="" subjects="" in="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 261="" environmental="" protection,="" hazardous="" waste,="" recycling,="" reporting="" and="" recordkeeping="" requirements.="" authority:="" sec.="" 3001(f)="" rcra,="" 42="" u.s.c.="" 6921(f).="" dated:="" march="" 20,="" 1996="" james="" s.="" kutzman,="" acting="" director,="" waste="" management="" division.="" for="" the="" reasons="" set="" out="" in="" the="" preamble,="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 261="" is="" proposed="" to="" be="" amended="" as="" follows:="" part="" 261-identification="" and="" listing="" of="" hazardous="" waste="" 1.="" the="" authority="" citation="" for="" part="" 261="" continues="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" authority:="" 42="" u.s.c="" 6905,="" 6912(a),="" 6921,="" 6922,="" and="" 6938.="" 2.="" in="" table="" 1="" of="" appendix="" ix,="" part="" 261="" add="" the="" following="" wastestream="" in="" alphabetical="" order="" by="" facility="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" appendix="" ix--wastes="" excluded="" under="" secs.="" 260.20="" and="" 260.22="" [[page="" 14708]]="" table="" 1.--wastes="" excluded="" from="" non-specific="" sources="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" facility="" address="" waste="" description="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" united="" technologies="" automotive..........................="" detroit,="" michigan......................="" chemically="" stabilized="" wastewater="" treatment="" sludge="" and="" soil="" (cswwtss)="" (epa="" hazardous="" waste="" no.="" f006)="" that="" united="" technologies="" automotive="" (uta)="" will="" generate="" during="" cercla="" removal="" of="" untreated="" sludge="" and="" soil="" (epa="" hazardous="" waste="" no.="" f006)="" from="" six="" lagoons="" at="" the="" highway="" 61="" industrial="" site="" in="" memphis,="" tennessee.="" this="" is="" an="" upfront,="" one-time="" exclusion="" for="" approximately="" 11,500="" cubic="" yards="" of="" waste="" that="" will="" be="" disposed="" of="" in="" a="" subtitle="" d="" landfill="" or="" an="" on-site="" landfill="" approved="" by="" the="" state="" of="" tennessee="" after="" [insert="" date="" of="" final="" rule.]="" uta="" must="" demonstrate="" that="" the="" following="" conditions="" are="" met="" for="" the="" exclusion="" to="" be="" valid:="" (1)="" verification="" testing="" requirements:="" sample="" collection="" and="" analyses,="" including="" quality="" control="" procedures="" must="" be="" performed="" according="" to="" sw-846="" methodologies.="" (a)="" initial="" verification="" testing:="" uta="" must="" collect="" and="" analyze="" a="" representative="" sample="" of="" every="" batch,="" for="" eight="" sequential="" batches="" of="" cswwtss="" generated="" during="" full-scale="" operation.="" a="" batch="" is="" the="" cswwtss="" generated="" during="" one="" run="" of="" the="" stabilization="" process.="" uta="" must="" analyze="" for="" the="" constituents="" listed="" in="" condition="" (3).="" a="" minimum="" of="" four="" composite="" samples="" must="" be="" collected="" as="" representative="" of="" each="" batch.="" uta="" must="" report="" operational="" and="" analytical="" test="" data,="" including="" quality="" control="" information,="" no="" later="" than="" 60="" days="" after="" the="" generation="" of="" the="" first="" batch="" of="" cswwtss.="" (b)="" subsequent="" verification="" testing:="" if="" the="" initial="" verification="" testing="" in="" condition="" (1)(a)="" is="" successful,="" i.e.,="" delisting="" levels="" of="" condition="" (3)="" are="" met="" for="" all="" of="" the="" eight="" initial="" batches,="" uta="" must="" test="" a="" minimum="" of="" 5%="" of="" the="" remaining="" batches="" of="" cswwtss.="" uta="" must="" collect="" and="" analyze="" at="" least="" one="" composite="" sample="" representative="" of="" that="" 5%.="" the="" composite="" must="" be="" made="" up="" of="" representative="" samples="" collected="" from="" each="" batch="" included="" in="" the="" 5%.="" uta="" may,="" at="" its="" discretion,="" analyze="" composite="" samples="" gathered="" more="" frequently="" to="" demonstrate="" that="" smaller="" batches="" of="" waste="" are="" non-hazardous.="" (2)="" waste="" holding="" and="" handling:="" uta="" must="" store="" as="" hazardous="" all="" cswwtss="" generated="" until="" verification="" testing="" as="" specified="" in="" condition="" (1)(a)="" and="" (1)(b),="" as="" appropriate,="" is="" completed="" and="" valid="" analyses="" demonstrate="" that="" condition="" (3)="" is="" satisfied.="" if="" the="" levels="" of="" constituents="" measured="" in="" the="" samples="" of="" cswwtss="" do="" not="" exceed="" the="" levels="" set="" forth="" in="" condition="" (3),="" then="" the="" cswwtss="" is="" non-hazardous="" and="" may="" be="" managed="" in="" accordance="" with="" all="" applicable="" solid="" waste="" regulations.="" if="" constituent="" levels="" in="" a="" sample="" exceed="" any="" of="" the="" delisting="" levels="" set="" forth="" in="" condition="" (3),="" the="" batch="" of="" cswwtss="" generated="" during="" the="" time="" period="" corresponding="" to="" this="" sample="" must="" be="" retreated="" until="" it="" meets="" the="" delisting="" levels="" set="" forth="" in="" condition="" (3),="" or="" managed="" and="" disposed="" of="" in="" accordance="" with="" subtitle="" c="" of="" rcra.="" (3)="" delisting="" levels:="" all="" leachable="" concentrations="" for="" these="" metals="" must="" not="" exceed="" the="" following="" levels="" (ppm):="" cadmium--0.05;="" chromium--0.33;="" lead--="" 0.15;="" and="" nickel--1.0.="" metal="" concentrations="" must="" be="" measured="" in="" the="" waste="" leachate="" by="" the="" method="" specified="" in="" 40="" cfr="" 261.24.="" the="" cyanide="" (total,="" not="" amenable)="" concentration="" must="" not="" exceed="" 1.8="" mg/kg,="" by="" total="" analysis,="" not="" analysis="" of="" leachate.="" cyanide="" concentrations="" must="" be="" measured="" by="" the="" method="" specified="" in="" 40="" cfr="" 268.40,="" note="" 7.="" (4)="" changes="" in="" operating="" conditions:="" uta="" must="" notify="" the="" agency="" in="" writing="" when="" significant="" changes="" in="" the="" stabilization="" process="" are="" necessary="" (e.g.,="" use="" of="" new="" stabilization="" reagents).="" condition="" (1)(a)="" must="" be="" repeated="" for="" significant="" changes="" in="" operating="" conditions.="" (5)="" data="" submittals:="" uta="" must="" notify="" epa="" when="" the="" full-scale="" chemical="" stabilization="" process="" is="" scheduled="" to="" start="" operating.="" data="" obtained="" in="" accordance="" with="" conditions="" (1)(a)="" must="" be="" submitted="" to="" jeaneanne="" m.="" gettle,="" acting="" chief,="" rcra="" compliance="" section,="" mail="" code:="" 4wd-rcra,="" u.s.="" epa,="" region="" 4,="" 345="" courtland="" street,="" n.e.,="" atlanta,="" georgia.="" 30365.="" this="" notification="" is="" due="" no="" later="" than="" 60="" days="" after="" the="" first="" batch="" of="" cswwtss="" is="" generated.="" records="" of="" operating="" conditions="" and="" analytical="" data="" from="" condition="" (1)="" must="" be="" compiled,="" summarized,="" and="" maintained="" by="" uta="" for="" a="" minimum="" of="" five="" years,="" and="" must="" be="" furnished="" upon="" request="" by="" epa="" or="" the="" state="" of="" tennessee,="" and="" made="" available="" for="" inspection.="" failure="" to="" submit="" the="" required="" data="" within="" the="" specified="" time="" period="" or="" maintain="" the="" required="" records="" for="" the="" specified="" time="" will="" be="" considered="" by="" epa,="" at="" its="" discretion,="" sufficient="" basis="" to="" revoke="" the="" exclusion="" to="" the="" extent="" directed="" by="" epa.="" all="" data="" must="" be="" accompanied="" by="" a="" signed="" copy="" of="" the="" following="" certification="" statement="" to="" attest="" to="" the="" truth="" and="" accuracy="" of="" the="" data="" submitted:="" under="" civil="" and="" criminal="" penalty="" of="" law="" for="" the="" making="" or="" submission="" of="" false="" or="" fraudulent="" statements="" or="" representations="" (pursuant="" to="" the="" applicable="" provisions="" of="" the="" federal="" code,="" which="" include,="" but="" may="" not="" be="" limited="" to,="" 18="" u.s.c.="" 1001="" and="" 42="" u.s.c.="" 6928),="" i="" certify="" that="" the="" information="" contained="" or="" accompanying="" this="" document="" is="" true,="" accurate="" and="" complete.="" [[page="" 14709]]="" as="" to="" the="" (those)="" identified="" section(s)="" of="" this="" document="" for="" which="" i="" cannot="" personally="" verify="" its="" (their)="" truth="" and="" accuracy,="" i="" certify="" as="" the="" company="" official="" having="" supervisory="" responsibility="" for="" the="" persons="" who,="" acting="" under="" my="" direct="" instructions,="" made="" the="" verification="" that="" this="" information="" is="" true,="" accurate="" and="" complete.="" in="" the="" event="" that="" any="" of="" this="" information="" is="" determined="" by="" epa="" in="" its="" sole="" discretion="" to="" be="" false,="" inaccurate="" or="" incomplete,="" and="" upon="" conveyance="" of="" this="" fact="" to="" the="" company,="" i="" recognize="" and="" agree="" that="" this="" exclusion="" of="" waste="" will="" be="" void="" as="" if="" it="" never="" had="" effect="" or="" to="" the="" extent="" directed="" by="" epa="" and="" that="" the="" company="" will="" be="" liable="" for="" any="" actions="" taken="" in="" contravention="" of="" the="" company's="" rcra="" and="" cercla="" obligations="" premised="" upon="" the="" company's="" void="" exclusion.="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" [fr="" doc.="" 96-8140="" filed="" 4-2-96;="" 8:45="" am]="" billing="" code="" 6560-50-p="">