2019-10275. Aluminum Extrusions From the People's Republic of China: Affirmative Preliminary Determination of Circumvention of the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders

AGENCY:

Enforcement & Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.

SUMMARY:

The Department of Commerce (Commerce) preliminarily determines that extruded aluminum products that are made from aluminum previously extruded in the People's Republic of China (China) and are exported from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam), regardless of producer, exporter, or importer, constitute merchandise completed or assembled in other foreign countries and are circumventing the antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on aluminum extrusions from China. Commerce also preliminarily intends to rescind its minor alterations anti-circumvention inquiry.

DATES:

Applicable May 17, 2019.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Erin Kearney, AD/CVD Operations, Office VI, Enforcement & Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: [phone].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

Based on a request from the Aluminum Extrusions Fair Trade Committee (the petitioner),^[1] on March 5, 2018, Commerce initiated anti-circumvention inquiries ^[2] pursuant to sections 781(b) and (c) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), regarding imports of certain aluminum extrusions from Vietnam by China Zhongwang Holdings Ltd. and its affiliates ^[3] (collectively, Zhongwang). We also indicated in our Initiation Notice that we intended to consider whether the inquiries should apply to all such imports of extruded aluminum products from Vietnam, regardless of producer, exporter, or importer.^[4] On March 23, 2018, we issued an anti-circumvention questionnaire to Zhongwang, which did not respond.^[5] Between May 25, 2018, and July 5, 2018, we received comments and rebuttal comments from the petitioner and East Asia Aluminum Ltd. (East Asia).^[6]

Commerce exercised its discretion to toll all deadlines affected by the partial federal government closure from December 22, 2018, through the resumption of operations on January 29, 2019.^[7] If the new deadline falls on a non-business day, in accordance with Commerce's practice, the deadline will become the next business day. On February 22, 2019, we extended the final determination deadline until June 7, 2019.^[8]

Scope of the Orders ^[9]

The merchandise covered by the Orders is aluminum extrusions from the People's Republic of China. The merchandise subject to the Orders is currently classifiable in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS): 6603.90.8100, 7616.99.51, 8479.89.94, 8481.90.9060, 8481.90.9085, 9031.90.9195, 8424.90.9080, 9405.99.4020, 9031.90.90.95, 7616.10.90.90, 7609.00.00, 7610.10.00, 7610.90.00, 7615.10.30, 7615.10.71, 7615.10.91, 7615.19.10, 7615.19.30, 7615.19.50, 7615.19.70, 7615.19.90, 7615.20.00, 7616.99.10, 7616.99.50, 8479.89.98, 8479.90.94, 8513.90.20, 9403.10.00, 9403.20.00, 7604.21.00.00, 7604.29.10.00, 7604.29.30.10, 7604.29.30.50, 7604.29.50.30, 7604.29.50.60, 7608.20.00.30, 7608.20.00.90, 8302.10.30.00, 8302.10.60.30, 8302.10.60.60, 8302.10.60.90, 8302.20.00.00, 8302.30.30.10, 8302.30.30.60, 8302.41.30.00, 8302.41.60.15, 8302.41.60.45, 8302.41.60.50, 8302.41.60.80, 8302.42.30.10, 8302.42.30.15, 8302.42.30.65, 8302.49.60.35, 8302.49.60.45, 8302.49.60.55, 8302.49.60.85, 8302.50.00.00, 8302.60.90.00, 8305.10.00.50, 8306.30.00.00, 8414.59.60.90, 8415.90.80.45, 8418.99.80.05, 8418.99.80.50, 8418.99.80.60, 8419.90.10.00, 8422.90.06.40, 8473.30.20.00, 8473.30.51.00, 8479.90.85.00, 8486.90.00.00, 8487.90.00.80, 8503.00.95.20, 8508.70.00.00, 8515.90.20.00, 8516.90.50.00, 8516.90.80.50, 8517.70.00.00, 8529.90.73.00, 8529.90.97.60, 8536.90.80.85, 8538.10.00.00, 8543.90.88.80, 8708.29.50.60, 8708.80.65.90, 8803.30.00.60, 9013.90.50.00, 9013.90.90.00, 9401.90.50.81, 9403.90.10.40, 9403.90.10.50, 9403.90.10.85, 9403.90.25.40, 9403.90.25.80, 9403.90.40.05, 9403.90.40.10, 9403.90.40.60, 9403.90.50.05, 9403.90.50.10, 9403.90.50.80, 9403.90.60.05, 9403.90.60.10, 9403.90.60.80, 9403.90.70.05, 9403.90.70.10, 9403.90.70.80, 9403.90.80.10, 9403.90.80.15, 9403.90.80.20, 9403.90.80.41, 9403.90.80.51, 9403.90.80.61, 9506.11.40.80, 9506.51.40.00, 9506.51.60.00, 9506.59.40.40, 9506.70.20.90, 9506.91.00.10, 9506.91.00.20, 9506.91.00.30, 9506.99.05.10, 9506.99.05.20, 9506.99.05.30, 9506.99.15.00, 9506.99.20.00, 9506.99.25.80, 9506.99.28.00, 9506.99.55.00, 9506.99.60.80, 9507.30.20.00, 9507.30.40.00, 9507.30.60.00, 9507.90.60.00, and 9603.90.80.50.

The subject merchandise entered as parts of other aluminum products may be classifiable under the following additional Chapter 76 subheadings: 7610.10, 7610.90, 7615.19, 7615.20, and 7616.99, as well as under other HTSUS chapters. In addition, fin evaporator coils may be classifiable under HTSUS numbers: 8418.99.80.50 and 8418.99.80.60. While HTSUS subheadings are provided for convenience and customs purposes, the written description of the scope of the Orders is dispositive.^[10]

Merchandise Subject to the Anti-Circumvention Inquiries

These anti-circumvention inquiries cover extruded aluminum products that are made from aluminum previously extruded in China that meet the description of the Orders and are exported from Vietnam, regardless of producer, exporter or importer (inquiry merchandise).^[11]

Methodology

Commerce is conducting these anti-circumvention inquiries in accordance with section 781(b) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.225(h). For a full description of the methodology underlying our conclusions, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is a public document and is on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at http://access.trade.gov and is available to all parties in the Central Records Unit, Room B8024 of the main Department of Commerce building. In addition, the signed Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at http://enforcement.trade.gov/​frn/​index.html. The signed and electronic versions of the Preliminary Decision Memorandum are identical in content. A list of topics discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is attached at Appendix I of this notice.

Affirmative Preliminary Determination of Circumvention

Based on our analysis, as detailed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum, we preliminarily find that the inquiry merchandise constitutes merchandise completed or assembled in a foreign country pursuant to 781(b) of Act that is circumventing, and should be included within the scope of the Orders.^[12] We have preliminarily determined to apply these circumvention rulings to inquiry merchandise regardless of producer, exporter, or importer, based on evidence provided by the petitioner and adverse facts available.^[13] In addition, if we affirm our preliminary determination in our final determination, pursuant to section 781(b) of the Act, we intend to rescind the minor alterations anti-circumvention inquiry pursuant to section 781(c) of the Act.

Suspension of Liquidation

In accordance with 19 CFR 351.225(l)(2), Commerce will direct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to suspend liquidation of inquiry merchandise from Vietnam sourced from aluminum previously extruded in China, regardless of producer, exporter, or importer, entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption, on or after March 5, 2018, the date of publication of the initiation of these anti-circumvention inquiries. Commerce will also instruct CBP to require a cash deposit of estimated duties at the rate applicable to the exporter, on all unliquidated entries of inquiry merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after March 5, 2018.

Intent To Consider Certification Requirement

In light of Commerce's preliminary finding of circumvention, we are considering whether to require importers and exporters of certain aluminum extrusions, which claim their merchandise is not subject to the Orders, to certify that their aluminum extrusions are made from aluminum not previously extruded in China.^[14] Interested parties are invited to comment on the proposed certifications in their case briefs.

Public Comment

Interested parties may submit case briefs no later than 30 days after the date of publication of this notice.^[15] Rebuttal briefs, limited to issues raised in the case briefs, may be filed not later than five days after the due date for filing case briefs.^[16] Parties who submit case or rebuttal briefs are requested to submit with the argument: (a) A statement of the issue, (b) a brief summary of the argument, and (c) a table of authorities. Parties submitting briefs should do so using Commerce's electronic filing system, ACCESS.

Interested parties who wish to request a hearing must submit a written request to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, U.S. Department of Commerce, filed electronically using ACCESS. A written request for a hearing must be received successfully in its entirety in ACCESS, by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time, within 30 days after the date of publication of this notice.^[17] Hearing requests should contain the party's name, address, and telephone number, the number of participants, and a list of the issues parties intend to present at the hearing. If a request for a hearing is made, Commerce intends to hold the hearing at the U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230, at a time and location to be determined.

Final Determination

Pursuant to section 781(f) of the Act, the final determination with respect to this anti-circumvention inquiry, including the results of Commerce's analysis of any written comments, will be issued no later than June 7, 2019, unless extended.

This preliminary affirmative anti-circumvention determination is published in accordance with section 78l(b) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.225.

Dated: May 10, 2019.

Jeffrey I. Kessler,

Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix I

List of Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum

I. Summary

II. Background

III. Scope of the Orders

IV. Merchandise Subject to the Anti-Circumvention Inquiries

V. Analytical Framework for Merchandise Completed or Assembled in Other Foreign Countries

VI. Use of Facts Available With an Adverse Inference

A. Merchandise of the Same Class or Kind

B. Completion of Merchandise in a Foreign Country

C. Minor or Insignificant Process

(1) Level of Investment

(2) Level of Research and Development

(3) Nature of Production Process

(4) Extent of Production Facilities in Vietnam

(5) Value of Processing in Vietnam

D. Additional Factors To Consider in Determining Whether Action Is Necessary

(1) Pattern of Trade

(2) Affiliation

(3) Increased Imports

VII. Preliminary Determination

VIII. Minor Alterations of Merchandise: Intent To Rescind

IX. Certification Requirement

X. Recommendation

Appendix II

Certification Eligibility and Requirements

A. Eligibility for the Certification

(1) Importers and exporters of aluminum extrusions from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam) that were completed in Vietnam using aluminum not previously extruded in the People's Republic of China (China) are eligible for the certification process detailed below and in the preliminary determination.

B. Certification Requirements for Importers and Exporters of Aluminum Extrusions Completed in Vietnam Using Aluminum Not Previously Extruded in China

(1) For entries of aluminum extrusions completed in Vietnam that were entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after March 5, 2018 (the date of initiation of this anticircumvention inquiry), for which the importer claims that the aluminum extrusions were completed (including extruded) in Vietnam using aluminum not previously extruded in China, the importer and exporter are required to meet the certification and documentation requirements detailed below in order for no AD and/or CVD cash deposit to be required on such entries.

(2) The importer is required to complete and maintain the importer certification, attached as Appendix III. Where the importer uses an agent or broker to facilitate the entry process, it must obtain and provide the entry number as part of the certification. Agents of the importer, such as brokers, however, are not permitted to make this certification on behalf of the importer.

(3) The exporter is required to complete and maintain the exporter certification, attached as Appendix IV. The exporter certification should be completed by the party selling the merchandise completed in Vietnam to the United States, which is not necessarily the producer of the product.

(4) The exporter is further required to provide the importer with a copy of the exporter certification.

(5) The importer is also required to maintain a copy of the exporter certification.

(6) The importer and exporter are also required to maintain sufficient documentation (as indicated in the certifications) supporting their certifications.

(7) The importer and exporter are required to maintain the certifications and supporting documentation for the later of (1) a period of five years from the date of entry or (2) a period of three years after the conclusion of any litigation in United States courts regarding such entries.

(8) Although the importer will not be required to submit the certifications or supporting documentation to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) as part of the entry process, the importer and the exporter will be required to present the certifications and supporting documentation, to Commerce and/or CBP, as applicable, upon request by the respective agency.

(9) The claims made in the certifications and any supporting documentation are subject to verification by Commerce and/or CBP.

C. Certification Timing Requirements for Importers and Exporters of Aluminum Extrusions Completed in Vietnam Using Aluminum Not Previously Extruded in China

(1) For unliquidated entries of merchandise (a) shipped and/or (b) entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption during the period, March 5, 2018 (the date of initiation of this anti-circumvention inquiry), through the 29th day after the date of publication of the preliminary determination in the Federal Register, for which certifications are required:

(a) The importers and exporters each have the option to complete a blanket certification covering multiple entries, individual certifications for each entry, or a combination thereof. Importer and exporter certifications for these entries should be completed, signed and dated within 45 days of publication of the preliminary determination in the Federal Register.

Accordingly, the relevant bullet in the certification should be edited to reflect that the certification was completed within this time frame. For example, the bullet in the importer certification that reads: “This certification was completed by the time of filing the entry summary,” could be edited as follows: “The shipments/products referenced herein entered before the mm/dd/yyyy publication of the Preliminary Determination Federal Register notice. This certification was completed on mm/dd/yyyy, within 45 days of the Federal Register notice publication.”

Similarly, the bullet in the exporter certification that reads, “This certification was completed by the time of shipment,” could be edited as follows: “The shipments/products referenced herein shipped before the mm/dd/yyyy publication of the Preliminary Determination Federal Register notice. This certification was completed on mm/dd/yyyy, within 45 days of the Federal Register notice publication.”

(b) Additionally, the exporter must provide the importer a copy of the exporter certification within 45 days of the publication of the preliminary determination in the Federal Register.

(2) For subject merchandise (1) shipped and/or (2) entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date that is 30 days after publication of the preliminary determination in the Federal Register, for which certifications are required:

(a) The importer certification must be completed, signed, and dated by the deadline for filing of the entry summary for the relevant importation; and

(b) The exporter certification must be completed, signed, dated and provided to the importer by the time of shipment of the relevant entries.

D. Importers and Exporters Not Eligible for the Certification Process

(1) Importers and exporters of aluminum extrusions from the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam):

• That were completed (included extruded) in Vietnam using aluminum previously extruded in China and/or
• that do not meet the certification requirements detailed above are not eligible for the certification process detailed above and in the preliminary determination.

(2) For aluminum extrusions completed in Vietnam from aluminum previously extruded in China and, thus, subject to the antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on aluminum extrusions from the People's Republic of China, A-570-967 and C-570-968, Commerce has established the following third-country case numbers in the Automated Commercial Environment (ACE): A-552-998 and C-552-999.

(3) For unliquidated entries (and entries for which liquidation has not become final) of merchandise not eligible for the certifications, that entered as non-AD/CVD type entries (e.g., type 01) that were shipped and/or entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption during the period, March 5, 2018 (the date of initiation of this anti-circumvention inquiry) through the date of publication of the preliminary determination in the Federal Register, importers should file a Post Summary Correction with CBP, as applicable, in accordance with CBP's regulations, regarding conversion of such entries from non-AD/CVD type entries to AD/CVD type (e.g., types 03, 06,) entries and report those AD/CVD type entries using the third-country case numbers, A-552-998 and C-552-999. Similarly, the importer should pay cash deposits on those entries, consistent with the regulations governing post summary corrections, that require payment of additional duties.

(4) Further, Commerce intends to instruct CBP to suspend (under the third-country case numbers identified above) all unliquidated shipments of aluminum extrusions completed in Vietnam for which the certification and/or documentation requirements have not been met, and to require the importer to post applicable AD and CVD cash deposits equal to the rates as determined by Commerce. Entries suspended under these third-country case numbers will be liquidated pursuant to applicable administrative reviews of the China AD and CVD orders or through the automatic liquidation process.

Appendix III

Importer Certification

I hereby certify that:

• My name is {INSERT COMPANY OFFICIAL'S NAME} and I am an official of {INSERT NAME OF IMPORTING COMPANY};
• I have direct personal knowledge of the facts regarding the importation into the Customs territory of the United States of the aluminum extrusions completed in Vietnam that entered under entry number(s) {INSERT ENTRY NUMBER(S)} and are covered by this certification. “Direct personal knowledge” refers to facts the certifying party is expected to have in its own records. For example, the importer should have “direct personal knowledge” of the importation of the product (e.g., the name of the exporter) in its records;
• I have personal knowledge of the facts regarding the production of the imported products covered by this certification. “Personal knowledge” includes facts obtained from another party, (e.g., correspondence received by the importer (or exporter) from the producer regarding the source of the substrate used to produce the imported products);
• The aluminum extrusions completed (including extruded) in Vietnam do not contain aluminum previously extruded in China, regardless of whether sourced directly from a Chinese producer or from a downstream supplier;
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF IMPORTING COMPANY} is required to maintain a copy of this certification and sufficient documentation supporting this certification (i.e., documents maintained in the normal course of business, or documents obtained by the certifying party, for example, mill certificates, productions records, invoices, etc.) for the later of (1) a period of five years from the date of entry or (2) a period of three years after the conclusion of any litigation in the United States courts regarding such entries;
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF IMPORTING COMPANY}is required to provide this certification and supporting records, upon request, to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and/or the Department of Commerce (Commerce);
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF IMPORTING COMPANY} is required to maintain a copy of the exporter's certification, (attesting to the production and/or export of the imported merchandise identified above), for the later of (1) a period of five years from the date of entry or (2) a period of three years after the conclusion of any litigation in United States courts regarding such entries;
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF IMPORTING COMPANY}is required to maintain and provide a copy of the exporter's certification and supporting records, upon request, to CBP and/or Commerce;
• I understand that the claims made herein, and the substantiating documentation, are subject to verification by CBP and/or Commerce;
• I understand that failure to maintain the required certification and/or failure to substantiate the claims made herein will result in:

○ Suspension of liquidation of all unliquidated entries (and entries for which liquidation has not become final) for which these requirements were not met; and

○ the requirement that the importer post applicable antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) cash deposits (as appropriate) equal to the rates determined by Commerce;

• I understand that agents of the importer, such as brokers, are not permitted to make this certification;
• This certification was completed by the time of filing the entry summary; and
• I am aware that U.S. law (including, but not limited to, 18 U.S.C. 1001) imposes criminal sanctions on individuals who knowingly and willfully make materially false statements to the U.S. government.

Signature

NAME OF COMPANY OFFICIAL

TITLE

DATE

Appendix IV

Exporter Certification

I hereby certify that:

• My name is {INSERT COMPANY OFFICIAL'S NAME HERE} and I am an official of {INSERT NAME OF EXPORTING COMPANY};
• I have direct personal knowledge of the facts regarding the production and exportation of the aluminum extrusions identified below. “Direct personal knowledge” refers to facts the certifying party is expected to have in its own books and records. For example, an exporter should have “direct personal knowledge” of the producer's identity and location;
• Thee aluminum extrusions completed (including extruded) in Vietnam do not contain aluminum previously extruded in China, regardless of whether sourced directly from a Chinese producer or from a downstream supplier;
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF EXPORTING COMPANY} is required to maintain a copy of this certification and sufficient documentation supporting this certification (i.e., documents maintained in the normal course of business, or documents obtained by the certifying party, for example, mill certificates, productions records, invoices, etc.) for the later of (1) a period of five years from the date of entry or (2) a period of three years after the conclusion of any litigation in the United States courts regarding such entries;
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF EXPORTING COMPANY} must provide this Exporter Certification to the U.S. importer by the time of shipment.
• I understand that {INSERT NAME OF EXPORTING COMPANY} is required to provide a copy of this certification and supporting records, upon request, to U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and/or the Department of Commerce (Commerce);
• I understand that the claims made herein, and the substantiating documentation, are subject to verification by CBP and/or Commerce;
• I understand that failure to maintain the required certification and/or failure to substantiate the claims made herein will result in:

○ Suspension of all unliquidated entries (and entries for which liquidation has not become final) for which these requirements were not met; and

○ the requirement that the importer post applicable antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) cash deposits (as appropriate) equal to the rates as determined by Commerce;

• This certification was completed by the time of shipment; and
• I am aware that U.S. law (including, but not limited to, 18 U.S.C. 1001) imposes criminal sanctions on individuals who knowingly and willfully make materially false statements to the U.S. government.

Signature

NAME OF COMPANY OFFICIAL

TITLE

DATE

Footnotes

1.  See Petitioner's Letter, “Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Request for Anti-Circumvention Inquiry,” dated January 9, 2018 (Anti-Circumvention Request).

2.  See Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Initiation of Anti-Circumvention Inquiries, 83 FR 9267 (March 5, 2018) (Initiation Notice).

3.  The petitioner provided names of known, and potential, entities involved in Zhongwang's import and export of Vietnamese aluminum extrusions. The entities involved in the exportation Vietnamese aluminum extrusions are Chinese, Mexican, Singaporean, U.S., and Vietnamese affiliates of Zhongwang. Through the course of inquiry, we intend to examine in addition to Zhongwang the following affiliated companies: Aluminicaste Fundicion de Mexico (Aluminicaste); Dalian Liwan Trade Co., Ltd.; Tianjin Boruxin Trading Co., Ltd.; Dragon Luxe Limited; Perfectus Aluminum Inc, Perfectus Aluminum Acquisitions LLC Pencheng Aluminum Enterprise Inc. USA; Transport Aluminum Inc.; Aluminum Source Inc.; Aluminum Industrial Inc.; Global Aluminum (USA) Inc.; Aluminum Shapes, LLC; Century American Aluminum Inc.; and American Apex Aluminum Inc.; Global Vietnam Aluminum Co., Ltd. (GVA); Global Tower Worldwide Ltd.

4.  See Initiation Notice, 83 FR at 9268-9269.

5.  See Commerce Letters re: Anti-Circumvention Questionnaire, dated March 23, 2018.

6.  See Petitioner's Letter, “Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Request to Issue Preliminary Determination,” dated May 25, 2018; see East Asia Aluminum's Letter, “Aluminum Extrusions from China; Anticircumvention—Zhongwang Pallets Vietnam,” dated June 22, 2018; see also Petitioner's Letter, “Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Response to East Asia Aluminum's Comments,” dated June 5, 2018.

7.  See Memorandum to the Record from Gary Taverman, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Operations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, “Deadlines Affected by the Partial Shutdown of the Federal Government,” dated January 28, 2019. All deadlines in this segment of the proceeding have been extended by 40 days.

8.  See Commerce Letter, “Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Extension of Anti-Circumvention Final Ruling Deadline,” dated February 22, 2019.

9.  See Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order, 76 FR 30650 (May 26, 2011) ; see also Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Countervailing Duty Order, 76 FR 30653 (May 26, 2011) (collectively, the Orders).

10.  A full description of the scope of the Orders is contained in the memorandum, “Anti-Circumvention Inquiry Regarding the Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Orders on Aluminum Extrusions from the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Determination Decision Memorandum,” dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Preliminary Decision Memorandum).

11.  Commerce initiated its anti-circumvention inquiries to determine whether extruded aluminum products that meet the description of the Orders exported from Vietnam by Zhongwang are circumventing the Orders on aluminum extrusions from China. Commerce also stated in the Initiation Notice that it intended to consider applying the inquiries to all imports of inquiry merchandise from Vietnam, regardless of producer, exporter, or importer. The petitioner provided names of known, and potential, entities involved in Zhongwang's imports and exports of aluminum extrusions. In addition to Zhongwang, the following companies were named by the petitioner as affiliated companies to Zhongwang: Aluminicaste Fundicion de Mexico; Dalian Liwan Trade Co., Ltd.; Tianjin Boruxin Trading Co., Ltd.; Dragon Luxe Limited; Perfectus Aluminum Inc, Perfectus Aluminum Acquisitions LLC; Pencheng Aluminum Enterprise Inc. USA; Transport Aluminum Inc.; Aluminum Source Inc.; Aluminum Industrial Inc.; Global Aluminum (USA) Inc.; Aluminum Shapes, LLC; Century American Aluminum Inc.; American Apex Aluminum Inc.; GVA; and Global Tower Worldwide Ltd. Additionally, information on the record suggests that Zhongwang's affiliate network is growing, thereby creating the opportunity to further evade the Orders. See Anti-Circumvention Request, at Exhibits 1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, and 30. Therefore, we preliminarily find that all exports of aluminum extrusions from Vietnam, which are made from aluminum previously extruded in China, regardless of the producer or exporter from China, are covered by the Orders.

12.  See section 781(b) of the Act; see also 19 CFR 351.225(h).

13.  See Preliminary Decision Memorandum, at 7.

14.  See Attachments II-IV.

15.  See 19 CFR 351.309(c).

16.  See 19 CFR 351.309(d).

17.  See 19 CFR 351.310(c).