[Federal Register Volume 60, Number 102 (Friday, May 26, 1995)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 27896-27898]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 95-12995]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 300
[FRL-5211-3]
National Priorities List for Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980 (``CERCLA'' or ``the Act''), as amended, requires
that the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency
Plan (``NCP'') include a list of national priorities among the known
releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or
contaminants throughout the United States. The National Priorities List
(``NPL'') constitutes this list.
This rule adds 1 new site to the NPL. The NPL is intended primarily
to guide the Environmental Protection Agency (``EPA'' or ``the
Agency'') in determining which sites warrant further investigation to
assess the nature and extent of public health and environmental risks
associated with the site and to determine what CERCLA-financed remedial
action(s), if any, may be appropriate.
EFFECTIVE DATE: June 26, 1995.
ADDRESSES: For addresses for the Headquarters and Regional dockets, as
well as further details on what these dockets contain, see
``Information Available to the Public'' in Section I of the
``Supplementary Information'' portion of this preamble.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Terry Keidan, Hazardous Site
Evaluation Division, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (mail
code 5204G), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW,
Washington, DC, 20460, or the Superfund Hotline, phone (800) 424-9346
or (703) 412-9810 in the Washington, DC, metropolitan area.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Introduction.
II. Contents of This Final Rule.
III. Executive Order 12866.
IV. Unfunded Mandates.
I. Introduction
Background
In 1980, Congress enacted the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. 9601-9675 (``CERCLA'' or
``the Act''), in response to the dangers of uncontrolled hazardous
waste sites. CERCLA was amended on October 17, 1986, by the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act (``SARA''), Public Law No. 99-499,
stat. 1613 et seq. To implement CERCLA, EPA promulgated the revised
National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan
(``NCP''), 40 CFR Part 300, on July 16, 1982 (47 FR 31180), pursuant to
CERCLA section 105 and Executive Order 12316 (46 FR 42237, August 20,
1981). The NCP sets forth the guidelines and procedures needed to
respond under CERCLA to releases and threatened releases of hazardous
substances, pollutants, or contaminants. EPA has revised the NCP on
several occasions. The most recent comprehensive revision was on March
8, 1990 (55 FR 8666).
Section 105(a)(8)(A) of CERCLA requires that the NCP include
``criteria for determining priorities among releases or threatened
releases throughout the United States for the purpose of taking
remedial action* * * and, to the extent practicable taking into account
the potential urgency of such action, for the purpose of taking removal
action.'' ``Removal'' actions are defined broadly and include a wide
range of actions taken to study, clean up, prevent or otherwise address
releases and threatened releases. 42 USC 9601(23). ``Remedial''
actions'' are those ``consistent with permanent remedy, taken instead
of or in addition to removal actions. * * *'' 42 USC 9601(24).
Pursuant to section 105(a)(8)(B) of CERCLA, as amended by SARA, EPA
has promulgated a list of national priorities among the known or
threatened releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or
contaminants throughout the United States. That list, which is Appendix
B of 40 CFR Part 300, is the National Priorities List (``NPL'').
CERCLA section 105(a)(8)(B) defines the NPL as a list of
``releases'' and as a list of the highest priority ``facilities.'' The
discussion below may refer to the ``releases or threatened releases''
that are included on the NPL interchangeably as ``releases,''
``facilities,'' or ``sites.''
CERCLA section 105(a)(8)(B) also requires that the NPL be revised
at least annually. A site may undergo remedial action financed by the
Trust Fund established under CERCLA (commonly referred to as the
``Superfund'') only after it is placed on the NPL, as provided in the
NCP at 40 CFR 300.425(b)(1). However, under 40 CFR 300.425(b)(2)
placing a site on the NPL ``does not imply that monies will be
expended.'' EPA may pursue other appropriate authorities to remedy the
releases, including enforcement action under CERCLA and other laws.
The purpose of the NPL is merely to identify releases that are
priorities for further evaluation. Although a CERCLA ``facility'' is
broadly defined to include any area where a hazardous substance release
has ``come to be located'' (CERCLA section 101(9)), the listing process
itself is not intended to define or reflect the boundaries of such
facilities or releases.
It is the Agency's policy that, in the exercise of its enforcement
discretion, EPA will not take enforcement actions against an owner of
residential property to require such owner to undertake response
actions or pay response costs, unless the residential homeowner's
activities lead to a release or threat of release of hazardous
substances, resulting in the taking of a response action at the site
(OSWER Directive #9834.6, July 3, 1991). This policy includes
residential property owners whose property is located above a ground
water plume that is proposed to or on the NPL, where the residential
property owner did not contribute to the contamination of the site. EPA
may, however, require access to that property during the course of
implementing a clean up.
Three mechanisms for placing sites on the NPL for possible remedial
action are included in the NCP at 40 CFR 300.425(c) (55 FR 8845, March
8, 1990). Under 40 CFR 300.425(c)(1), a site may be included on the NPL
if it scores sufficiently high on the Hazard Ranking System (``HRS''),
which EPA promulgated as Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 300. On December 14,
1990 (55 FR 51532), EPA promulgated revisions to the HRS partly in
response to CERCLA section 105(c), added by SARA. The revised HRS
evaluates four pathways: ground water, surface water, soil exposure,
and air. The HRS serves as a screening device to evaluate the relative
[[Page 27897]] potential of uncontrolled hazardous substances to pose a
threat to human health or the environment. As a matter of Agency
policy, those sites that score 28.50 or greater on the HRS are eligible
for the NPL.
Under a second mechanism for adding sites to the NPL, each State
may designate a single site as its top priority, regardless of the HRS
score. This mechanism, provided by the NCP at 40 CFR 300.425(c)(2),
requires that, to the extent practicable, the NPL include within the
100 highest priorities, one facility designated by each State
representing the greatest danger to public health, welfare, or the
environment among known facilities in the State.
The third mechanism for listing, included in the NCP at 40 CFR
300.425(c)(3), allows certain sites to be listed regardless of their
HRS score, if all of the following conditions are met:
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
(ATSDR) of the U.S. Public Health Service has issued a health advisory
that recommends dissociation of individuals from the release.
EPA determines that the release poses a significant threat
to public health.
EPA anticipates that it will be more cost-effective to use
its remedial authority (available only at NPL sites) than to use its
removal authority to respond to the release.
EPA promulgated an original NPL of 406 sites on September 8, 1983
(48 FR 40658). The NPL has been expanded since then, most recently on
April 25, 1995 (60 FR 20335).
The NPL includes two sections, one of sites that are evaluated and
cleaned up by EPA (the ``General Superfund Section''), and one of sites
being addressed by other Federal agencies (the ``Federal Facilities
Section''). Under Executive Order 12580 (52 FR 2923, January 29, 1987)
and CERCLA section 120, each Federal agency is responsible for carrying
out most response actions at facilities under its own jurisdiction,
custody, or control, although EPA is responsible for preparing an HRS
score and determining whether the facility is placed on the NPL. EPA is
not the lead agency at these sites, and its role at such sites is
accordingly less extensive than at other sites. The Federal Facilities
Section includes those facilities at which EPA is not the lead agency.
Deletions/Cleanups
EPA may delete sites from the NPL where no further response is
appropriate under Superfund, as explained in the NCP at 40 CFR
300.425(e) (55 FR 8845, March 8, 1990). To date, the Agency has deleted
77 sites from the General Superfund Section of the NPL. EPA also has
developed an NPL construction completion list (``CCL'') to simplify its
system of categorizing sites and to better communicate the successful
completion of cleanup activities (58 FR 12142, March 2, 1993). Sites
qualify for the CCL when:
(1) any necessary physical construction is complete, whether or not
final cleanup levels or other requirements have been achieved;
(2) EPA has determined that the response action should be limited
to measures that do not involve construction (e.g., institutional
controls); or
(3) the site qualifies for deletion from the NPL.
Inclusion of a site on the CCL has no legal significance.
In addition to the 76 sites that have been deleted from the NPL
because they have been cleaned up (the Waste Research and Reclamation
site was deleted based on deferral to another program and is not
considered cleaned up), an additional 216 sites are also in the NPL
CCL, all but four from the General Superfund Section. Thus, as of May
1995, the CCL consists of 292 sites.
Cleanups at sites on the NPL do not reflect the total picture of
Superfund accomplishments. As of March 31, 1995, EPA had conducted 661
removal actions at NPL sites, and 2,413 removal actions at non-NPL
sites. Information on removals is available from the Superfund hotline.
Action In This Notice
This final rule adds 1 site, Southern Shipbuilding in Slidell,
Louisiana, to the General Superfund Section of the NPL. This site is
added to the NPL based on an HRS score of 28.5 or greater. This actions
result in an NPL of 1,237 sites, 1,082 of them in the General Superfund
Section and 155 of them in the Federal Facilities Section. On April 25,
1995 (59 FR 65206) EPA published the most recent complete list of NPL
sites to which the Southern Shipbuilding site is being added. An
additional 49 sites remain proposed, 42 in the General Superfund
Section and 7 in the Federal Facilities Section, and are awaiting final
Agency action. Final and proposed sites now total 1,286.
Clarification
The full name of the Fremont National Forest/White King and Lucky
Lass Uranium Mines (USDA) site, which was added to the NPL on April 25,
1995 (60 FR 20330), was inadvertantly shortened in EPA's Federal
Register notice. For the record, the full name of this site is Fremont
National Forest/White King and Lucky Lass Uranium Mines (USDA).
However, this name will continue to appear in its shortened version in
Appendix B to part 300--The National Priorities List and other
automated public information lists due to space limitations within the
NPL database.
Information Available to the Public
The Headquarters and Regional public dockets for the NPL contain
documents relating to the evaluation and scoring of the site in this
final rule. The dockets are available for viewing, by appointment only,
after the appearance of this action. The hours of operation for the
Headquarters docket are from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Monday through
Friday, excluding Federal holidays. Please contact the Regional Docket
for hours.
Addresses and phone numbers for the Headquarters and Regional
dockets follow:
Docket Coordinator, Headquarters, U.S. EPA CERCLA Docket Office,
Crystal Gateway #1, 12th Floor, 1235 Jefferson Davis Highway,
Arlington, VA 703/603-8917
(Please note this is viewing address only. Do not mail documents to
this address.)
Bart Canellas, Region 6, U.S. EPA, 1445 Ross Avenue, Mail Code 6H-MA,
Dallas, TX 75202-2733, 2l4/655-6740
The Headquarters docket for this rule contains HRS score sheets for
the final site; the Documentation Record for the site describing the
information used to compute the score; pertinent information regarding
statutory requirements or EPA listing policies that affect the site;
and a list of documents referenced in the Documentation Record. The
Headquarters docket also contains comments received; and the Agency's
responses to those comments. The Agency's responses are contained in
the ``Support Document for the Revised National Priorities List Final
Rule--May 1995.''
A general discussion of the statutory requirements affecting NPL
listing, the purpose and implementation of the NPL, the economic
impacts of NPL listing, and the analysis required under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act is included as part of the Headquarters rulemaking
docket in the ``Additional Information'' document.
The Regional docket contains all the information in the
Headquarters docket, plus the actual reference documents containing the
data principally relied [[Page 27898]] upon by EPA in calculating or
evaluating the HRS score for the site. These reference documents are
available only in the Regional docket.
Interested parties may view documents, by appointment only, in the
Headquarters or Regional Dockets, or copies may be requested from the
Headquarters or Regional Dockets. An informal written request, rather
than a formal request under the Freedom of Information Act, should be
the ordinary procedure for obtaining copies of any of these documents.
If you wish to obtain documents by mail from EPA Headquarters Docket,
the mailing address is as follows: Docket Coordinator, Headquarters,
U.S. EPA CERCLA Docket Office (Mail Code 5201G), 1401 M Street, SW.,
Washington, DC 20460, 703/603-8917.
(Please note this is the mailing address only. If you wish to visit the
HQ Docket to view documents, see viewing address above.)
II. Contents of This Action
This action promulgates a final rule to add 1 site to the General
Superfund Section of the NPL. This site is Southern Shipbuilding in
Slidell, Louisiana which was proposed on February 13, 1995 in NPL
Proposal #18 (60 FR 8212) based on an HRS score of 28.5 or greater. The
group number identified for this site is 5/6. Group numbers are
determined by arranging the NPL by rank and dividing it into groups of
50 sites. For example, a site in Group 4 has a score that falls within
the range of scores covered by the fourth group of 50 sites on the NPL.
Public Comments
EPA reviewed all comments received on the site included in this
notice. The formal comment period ended on April 14, 1995.
EPA's response to site-specific public comments and explanations of
any score changes made as a result of such comments are addressed in
the ``Support Document for the Revised National Priorities List Final
Rule--May 1995.''
III. Executive Order 12866
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has exempted this
regulatory action from Executive Order 12866 review.
IV. Unfunded Mandates
Under Section 202 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
(``Unfunded Mandates Act''), signed into law on March 22, 1995, EPA
must prepare a written statement to accompany any rules that have
``Federal mandates'' that may result in the expenditure by the private
sector of $100 million or more in any one year. Under Section 205, EPA
must select the most cost-effective and least burdensome alternative
that achieves the objective of such a rule and that is consistent with
statutory requirements. Section 203 requires EPA to establish a plan
for informing and advising any small governments that may be
significantly and uniquely affected by the rule.
The Unfunded Mandates Act defines a ``Federal private sector
mandate'' for regulatory purposes as one that, among other things,
``would impose an enforceable duty upon the private sector.'' EPA finds
that today's listing decision does not impose any enforceable duties
upon the private sector since inclusion of a site on the NPL does not
itself impose any costs. It does not establish that EPA necessarily
will undertake remedial action, nor does it require any action by a
private party or determine its liability for site response costs. Costs
that arise out of site responses result from site-by-site decisions
about what actions to take, not directly from the act of listing
itself. Therefore, today's rulemaking is not a ``Federal private sector
mandate'' and is not subject to the requirements of sections 202 or 205
of the Unfunded Mandates Act. As to Section 203 of this Act, EPA finds
that small governments will not be significantly and uniquely affected
by this rulemaking.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 300
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Chemicals,
Hazardous materials, Intergovernmental relations, Natural resources,
Oil pollution, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Superfund,
Waste treatment and disposal, Water pollution control, Water supply.
Dated: May 22, 1995.
Elliott P. Laws,
Assistant Administrator, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
40 CFR part 300 is amended as follows:
PART 300--[AMENDED]
1. The authority citation for Part 300 continues to read as
follows:
Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C. 9601-9657; E.O.
12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, 1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR
2923, 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193.
2. Appendix B to Part 300 is amended by adding the Southern
Shipbuilding site in Slidell, Louisiana, to Table 1, General Superfund
Section, in alphabetical order.
[FR Doc. 95-12995 Filed 5-25-95; 8:45 am]
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