[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 123 (Tuesday, June 25, 1996)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 32746-32753]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-15884]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 261
[SW-FRL-5525-3]
Hazardous Waste Management System; Identification and Listing of
Hazardous Waste; Proposed Exclusion
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Proposed rule and request for comment.
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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
grant a petition to Bekaert Steel Corporation (Bekaert) of Rogers,
Arkansas to exclude (or ``delist''), certain solid wastes generated at
its facility from the lists of hazardous wastes contained in 40 CFR
261.31 and 261.32 (hereinafter all sectional references are to 40 CFR
unless otherwise indicated). This action responds to a delisting
petition submitted under 40 CFR 260.20, which allows any person to
petition the Administrator to modify or revoke any provision of 40 CFR
Parts 260 through 266, 268 and 273, and under 40 CFR 260.22, which
specifically provides generators the opportunity to petition the
Administrator to exclude a waste on a ``generator specific'' basis from
the hazardous waste lists. This proposed decision is based on an
evaluation of waste-specific information provided by the petitioner. If
this proposed decision is finalized, the petitioned waste will be
conditionally excluded from the requirements of hazardous waste
regulations under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA).
DATES: The EPA is requesting public comments on this proposed decision.
Comments will be accepted until August 9, 1996. Comments postmarked
after the close of the comment period will be stamped ``late.''
Any person may request a hearing on this proposed decision by
filing a request with Jane N. Saginaw, Regional Administrator, whose
address appears below, by July 10, 1996. The request must contain the
information prescribed in 40 CFR 260.20(d).
ADDRESSES: Send three copies of your comments. Two copies should be
sent to William Gallagher, Delisting Program, Multimedia Planning and
Permitting Division (6PD-O), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 6,
1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75202. A third copy should be sent to
the Arkansas Department of Pollution Control and Ecology, P.O. Box
8913, 8001 National Drive, Little Rock, Arkansas 72219-8913. Identify
your comments at the top with this regulatory docket number: ``F-96-
ARDEL-BEKAERT.''
[[Page 32747]]
Requests for a hearing should be addressed to the Regional
Administrator, Region 6, Environmental Protection Agency, 1445 Ross
Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75202.
The RCRA regulatory docket for this proposed rule is located at the
Region 6, Environmental Protection Agency, 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas,
Texas 75202 and is available for viewing in the EPA library on the 12th
floor from 8:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding
Federal holidays. Call (214) 665-6444 for appointments. The docket may
also be viewed at the Arkansas Department of Pollution Control and
Ecology, 8001 National Drive, Little Rock, Arkansas 72219-8913. The
public may copy material from any regulatory docket at no cost for the
first 100 pages, and at $0.15 per page for additional copies.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, CONTACT: For technical information concerning
this notice, contact David Vogler, Delisting Program (6PD-O), Region 6,
Environmental Protection Agency, 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75202,
(214) 665-7428.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
A. Authority
On January 16, 1981, as part of its final and interim final
regulations implementing Section 3001 of RCRA, the EPA published an
amended list of hazardous wastes from non-specific and specific
sources. This list has been amended several times, and is published in
Sec. 261.31 and Sec. 261.32. These wastes are listed as hazardous
because they typically and frequently exhibit one or more of the
characteristics of hazardous wastes identified in Subpart C of Part 261
(i.e., ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity) or meet the
criteria for listing contained in Sec. 261.11 (a)(2) or (a)(3).
Individual waste streams may vary, however, depending on raw
materials, industrial processes, and other factors. Thus, while a waste
that is described in these regulations generally is hazardous, a
specific waste from an individual facility meeting the listing
description may not be hazardous. For this reason, Sec. 260.20 and
Sec. 260.22 provide an exclusion procedure, allowing persons to
demonstrate that a specific waste from a particular generating facility
should not be regulated as a hazardous waste.
To have their wastes excluded, petitioners must show that wastes
generated at their facilities do not meet any of the criteria for which
the wastes were listed. See Sec. 260.22(a) and the background documents
for the listed wastes. In addition, the Hazardous and Solid Waste
Amendments (HSWA) of 1984 require the Agency to consider any factors
(including additional constituents) other than those for which the
waste was listed, if there is a reasonable basis to believe that such
additional factors could cause the waste to be hazardous. Accordingly,
a petitioner also must demonstrate that the waste does not exhibit any
of the hazardous waste characteristics (i.e., ignitability, reactivity,
corrosivity, and toxicity), and must present sufficient information for
the Agency to determine whether the waste contains any of the other
identified constituents at hazardous levels. See Sec. 260.22(a), 42
U.S.C. Sec. 6921(f), and the background documents for the listed
wastes. Although wastes which are ``delisted'' (i.e., excluded) have
been evaluated to determine whether or not they exhibit any of the
characteristics of hazardous waste, generators remain obligated under
RCRA to determine whether or not their waste remains non-hazardous
based on the hazardous waste characteristics.
In addition, residues from the treatment, storage, or disposal of
listed hazardous wastes and mixtures containing listed hazardous wastes
are also considered hazardous wastes. See Secs. 261.3 (a)(2)(iv) and
(c)(2)(i), referred to as the ``mixture'' and ``derived-from'' rules,
respectively. Such wastes are also eligible for exclusion and remain
hazardous wastes until excluded. On December 6, 1991, the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the District of Columbia vacated the ``mixture/derived
from'' rules and remanded them to the Agency on procedural grounds. See
Shell Oil Co. v. EPA, 950 F.2d 741 (D.C. Cir. 1991). On March 3, 1992,
EPA reinstated the mixture and derived-from rules, and solicited
comments on other ways to regulate waste mixtures and residues (57 FR
7628). On December 21, 1995, the EPA proposed rules related to waste
mixtures and residues at 60 FR 66344 and invited public comment. These
references should be consulted for more information regarding mixtures
and residues.
B. Approach Used To Evaluate This Petition
Bekaert's petition requests a delisting for a listed hazardous
waste. In making the initial delisting determination, the EPA evaluated
the petitioned waste against the listing criteria and factors cited in
Sec. 261.11 (a)(2) and (a)(3). Based on this review, the EPA agreed
with the petitioner that the waste is non-hazardous with respect to the
original listing criteria. (If the EPA had found, based on this review,
that the waste remained hazardous based on the factors for which the
waste was originally listed, the EPA would have proposed to deny the
petition.) The EPA then evaluated the waste with respect to other
factors or criteria to assess whether there is a reasonable basis to
believe that such additional factors could cause the waste to be
hazardous. The EPA considered whether the waste is acutely toxic, and
considered the toxicity of the constituents, the concentration of the
constituents in the waste, their tendency to migrate and to
bioaccumulate, their persistence in the environment once released from
the waste, plausible and specific types of management of the petitioned
waste, the quantities of waste generated, and waste variability.
For this delisting determination, the EPA used such information to
identify plausible exposure routes (i.e., ground water, surface water,
air) for hazardous constituents present in the petitioned waste. The
EPA determined that disposal in a Subtitle D landfill is the most
reasonable, worst-case disposal scenario for Bekaert's petitioned
waste, and that the major exposure route of concern would be ingestion
of contaminated ground water. Therefore, the EPA used a particular fate
and transport model to predict the maximum allowable concentrations of
hazardous constituents that may be released from the petitioned waste
after disposal and to determine the potential impact of the disposal of
Bekaert's petitioned waste on human health and the environment.
Specifically, the EPA used the maximum estimated waste volume and the
maximum reported extract concentrations as inputs to estimate the
constituent concentrations in the ground water at a hypothetical
receptor well downgradient from the disposal site. The calculated
receptor well concentrations (referred to as compliance-point
concentrations) were then compared directly to the current Maximum
Contaminant Levels (MCLs) promulgated under the Safe Drinking Water Act
(SWDA) or health-based levels derived from Verified Reference Doses
(RfDs). The value used for copper is an action level for treatment of a
water supply in lieu of a MCL (40 CFR Sec. 141.80).
The EPA believes that this fate and transport model represents a
reasonable worst-case scenario for disposal of the petitioned waste in
a landfill, and that a reasonable worst-case scenario is appropriate
when evaluating whether a waste should be relieved of the protective
management constraints of
[[Page 32748]]
RCRA Subtitle C. The use of a reasonable worst-case scenario results in
conservative values for the compliance-point concentrations and ensures
that the waste, once removed from hazardous waste regulation, will not
pose a threat to human health or the environment. Because a delisted
waste is no longer subject to hazardous waste control, the EPA is
generally unable to predict and does not presently control how a waste
will be managed after delisting. Therefore, the EPA does not currently
consider extensive site-specific factors when applying the fate and
transport model.
The EPA also considers the applicability of groundwater monitoring
data during the evaluation of delisting petitions. The EPA normally
requests groundwater monitoring data for wastes currently managed or
have ever been managed in a land based management unit. Groundwater
monitoring data provides significant additional information important
to fully characterize the potential impact (if any) of the disposal of
a petitioned waste on human health and the environment. In this case,
the EPA determined that the groundwater monitoring data was not
applicable to the evaluation of the petitioned waste. Specifically,
Bekaert currently disposes of the petitioned waste generated from its
filter press which is part of their wastewater treatment facility in an
off-site RCRA hazardous waste landfill (which is not owned/operated by
Bekaert). This landfill did not begin accepting the petitioned waste
generated by the filter press until September 1991. In other words, the
petitioned waste comprises a small fraction of the total waste managed
in the off-site units. The Agency, therefore, believes that any ground-
water monitoring data from the landfill would not be meaningful for an
evaluation of the specific effect of the petitioned waste on ground
water. However, the potential impact of these wastes on ground water is
predicted through the application of a fate and transport model.
Finally, the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984
specifically require the EPA to provide notice and an opportunity for
comment before granting or denying a final exclusion. Thus, a final
decision will not be made until all timely public comments (including
those at public hearings, if any) on today's proposal are addressed.
II. Disposition of Delisting Petition
Bekaert Steel Corporation, One Bekaert Drive, Rogers, Arkansas,
72757
A. Petition for Exclusion
Bekaert, located in Rogers, Arkansas, manufactures steel cord by
reducing the diameter of steel rods followed by electroplating and
further reduction. Bekaert petitioned the Agency to exclude its
wastewater treatment filter cake presently listed as EPA Hazardous
Waste No. F006--``Wastewater treatment sludges from electroplating
operations except from the following processes: (1) Sulfuric acid
anodizing of aluminum; (2) tin plating on carbon steel; (3) zinc
plating (segregated basis) on carbon steel; (5) cleaning/stripping
associated with tin, zinc, and aluminum plating on carbon steel; and
(6) chemical etching and milling of aluminum''. The listed constituents
of concern for EPA Hazardous Waste No. F006 are: cadmium, hexavalent
chromium, nickel and cyanide (complexed) (see 40 CFR part 261, Appendix
VII).
Bekaert petitioned the EPA to exclude its waste filter cake because
it does not believe that the waste meets the criteria for which it was
listed. Bekaert also believes that the waste does not contain any other
constituents that would render it hazardous. Review of this petition
included consideration of the original listing criteria, as well as the
additional factors required by the Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments
(HSWA) of 1984. See Section 222 of HSWA, 42 U.S.C. Sec. 6921(f), and 40
CFR Sec. 260.22(d) (2)-(4). Today's proposal to grant this petition for
delisting is the result of the EPA's evaluation of Bekaert's petition.
B. Background
On September 11, 1995, Bekaert petitioned the EPA to exclude, from
the lists of hazardous wastes contained in 40 CFR Sec. 261.31 and
Sec. 261.32, its wastewater filter cake generated from its wastewater
treatment system. Bekaert subsequently provided additional information
to complete its petition.
In support of its petition, Bekaert submitted: (1) Descriptions of
its manufacturing and wastewater treatment processes, including
schematic diagrams; (2) a list of all raw materials and Material Safety
Data Sheets (MSDSs) for all trade name products used in the
manufacturing and waste treatment processes; (3) results from total
constituent analyses for fourteen metals including the eight Toxicity
Characteristic (TC) metals listed in Sec. 261.24 (i.e., the TC metals)
and antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, thallium, and zinc from
representative samples of the petitioned waste; (4) results from the
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP, SW-846 Method 1311)
for fourteen metals which include the eight TC metals, and antimony,
beryllium, copper, nickel, thallium, and zinc from representative
samples of the petitioned waste; (5) results from total constituent
analysis for total and reactive sulfide and cyanide for representative
samples of the petitioned waste; (6) results from total oil and grease
analyses from representative samples of the petitioned waste; (7) test
results and information regarding the hazardous characteristics of
ignitability, corrosivity, and reactivity; and (8) results from total
constituent analyses for certain volatile and semi-volatile organic
compounds from representative samples of the petitioned waste.
Bekaert manufactures steel cord which is sold to the tire
manufacturing industry for use in reinforcing tires. The steel cord is
produced from steel rod which has been reduced in size and
electroplated with a copper and zinc alloy.
The manufacturing processes contribute to the petitioned waste from
the following sources: water from the caustic scrubbers, water from the
hydrochloric acid scrubbers, water from the rinse used to remove soap
from wire, water from the cooling water bath following fluidized bed
heater, waste acid from the hydrochloric acid pickling, water from the
rinse following the zinc plating bath, water from the cooling bath
following induction heating, phosphoric acid from the phosphoric acid
bath, water from the phosphoric acid rinse bath and the spent oil/water
mixture (non-petroleum) used as a lubricant in the process.
Wastewaters from the manufacturing process are collected and stored
in four central tanks prior to discharge to the wastewater treatment
plant. The petitioned waste is generated from the wastewater treatment
plant and not directly from the manufacturing process. Wastewaters are
transferred from the holding tanks to a treatment tank where it is
neutralized with sodium hydroxide. After neutralization, one of several
methods are employed to remove solids: (1) A polymer is added to
promote flocculation. This wastewater is then sent to a sludge
thickening tank from which the sludge is sent to the filter press; (2)
the wastewater is routed to an ultrafiltration unit to remove solids
which are routed to the filter press; or (3) the wastewater is routed
to a clarifier where a polymer is added to aid in solids precipitation.
The solids are routed to the sludge thickening tank and then to the
filter press.
[[Page 32749]]
The petitioned waste is dropped from the filter press at the end of
the wastewater treatment process into a 18 x 8 x 5 foot hopper. The
F006 filter press cake is currently sent to a permitted hazardous waste
facility for disposal.
To collect representative samples, petitioners are normally
requested to divide the unit into four quadrants (not exceeding 10,000
square feet per quadrant) and randomly collect five full-depth core
samples from each quadrant. The five full-depth core samples are then
composited (mixed) by quadrant to produce a total of four composite
samples. See Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes: Physical/
Chemical Methods, U.S. EPA, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response, Publication SW-846 (third edition), November 1986, and
Petitions to Delist Hazardous Wastes--A Guidance Manual, (second
edition), U.S. EPA, Office of Solid Waste, (EPA/530-R-93-007), March
1993.
Bekaert submitted analytical results from five composite filter
cake samples collected from the hoppers at five different days taken at
intervals during a period between May 25, 1995, and July 10, 1995. This
was done to demonstrate that the waste composition did not vary with
time. In order account for spatial variability, grab samples were
collected from four randomly selected sample locations based on a grid
pattern that divided each hopper into ten grids. The entire depth
(approximately five feet) of each hopper was sampled. A composite of
the four grab samples was obtained to represent that day's sample.
Bekaert developed a list of constituents of concern from comparing
a list of all raw materials used in the plant that could potentially
appear in the petitioned waste with those found in 40 CFR Sec. 261,
Appendix VIII, as well as the following six constituents not found in
Appendix VIII: acetone, ethylbenzene, isophorone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone,
styrene, and total xylenes. Based on this review, it was not
anticipated that any of the Appendix VIII organic compounds or any of
the six additional organic compounds would be present in the petitioned
waste.
Using the list of constituents of concern, Bekaert analyzed the
five composite samples for the total concentrations (i.e., mass of a
particular constituent per mass of waste) of the eight TCLP metals,
antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, thallium, zinc, selected volatile
and semi-volatile organic constituents, and oil and grease content.
These five samples were also analyzed to determine whether the waste
exhibited ignitable, corrosive, or reactive properties as defined,
respectively, under Sec. 261.21, Sec. 261.22, and Sec. 261.23,
including analysis for total constituent concentrations of cyanide,
sulfide, reactive cyanide, and reactive sulfide. These five samples
were also analyzed for TCLP concentrations (i.e., mass of a particular
constituent per unit volume of extract) of the eight TC metals, and
antimony, beryllium, copper, nickel, thallium, and zinc.
C. Agency Analysis
Bekaert used SW-846 Methods 7041, 7091, 7191, and 7196A, in
respective order, to quantify the total constituent concentrations and
leachable (TCLP) concentrations of antimony, beryllium, chromium, and
hexavalent chromium; and SW-846 Method 6010A was used to quantify total
constituent concentrations and leachable (TCLP) concentrations of
arsenic, barium, cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, selenium, silver,
thallium, and zinc in samples. SW-846 methods 7471 and 7470 were used
to determine total and leachable (in respective order) constituent
concentrations for mercury.
Using SW 846 Method 9070, Bekaert determined that the petitioned
waste had a maximum oil and grease content of 5700 mg/kg.
Characteristic testing was conducted on the samples of the
petitioned waste, including analysis for reactive cyanide and reactive
sulfide (SW-846 Methods 7.3.3.2 and 7.3.4.1, respectively),
ignitability (ASTM D-4982B), and corrosivity (SW-846 Method 9045).
Bekaert used SW-846 Methods 9012 and 4500 to quantify concentrations of
the total and complexed cyanide, respectively, in the samples. Bekaert
used Method 9030A to quantify the total constituent concentrations of
sulfide in the samples.
Table 1 presents the maximum total constituent and leachate
concentrations for the eight TC metals, antimony, beryllium, copper,
nickel, thallium, and zinc for the composite samples of the petitioned
waste. Table 1 also presents maximum reactive cyanide and reactive
sulfide concentrations.
The detection limits presented in Table 1 represent the lowest
concentrations quantifiable by Bekaert when using the appropriate SW-
846 or Agency-approved analytical methods to analyze its waste.
(Detection limits may vary according to the waste and waste matrix
being analyzed, i.e., the ``cleanliness'' waste matrices varies and
``dirty'' waste matrices may cause interferences, thus raising the
detection limits).
Bekaert used SW-846 Methods 8240 and 8270 to quantify the total
constituent concentrations of 30 volatile and 71 semi-volatile organic
compounds, respectively, in the waste samples. This suite of
constituents included all of the organic constituents listed in
Sec. 261.24 as well as other organic compounds commonly analyzed for in
hazardous waste samples. Bekaert used SW-846 Methods 8240, 8270, 8150A,
3510A, and 8080 to quantify the leachable concentrations of 11
volatile, 13 semi-volatile, 2 chlorinated herbicides, and 7 pesticides
(all organic compounds), respectively, in the waste samples, following
extraction by SW-846 Method 1311 (TCLP). This suite of constituents
included all of the organic constituents listed in Sec. 261.24. Table 2
presents the maximum total and leachate concentrations of all detected
organic constituents in Bekaert's waste and waste extract samples.
Lastly, on the basis of explanations and analytical data provided by
Bekaert, none of the analyzed samples exhibited the characteristics of
ignitability, corrosivity, or reactivity. See Sec. 261.21, Sec. 261.22
and Sec. 261.23.
Table 1.--Maximum Total Constituent and Leachate Concentrations (ppm)
\1\ Filter Press Waste
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total TCLP
constituent leachate
Inorganic constituents analyses analyses
(mg/kg) (mg/l)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Antimony........................................ < 0.50="" 0.34="" arsenic.........................................="">< 5.00="">< 0.05="" barium..........................................="" 2.5="" 1.3="" beryllium.......................................="">< 0.10="">< 0.05="" cadmium.........................................="" 3.1="">< 0.05="" chromium........................................="" 68="">< 0.05="" chromium="" (hexavalent)...........................="">< 5.0="">< 0.05="" copper..........................................="" 580="" 12="" lead............................................="">< 5.0="">< 0.10="" mercury.........................................="">< 0.125="">< 0.005="" nickel..........................................="" 43="" 1.1="" selenium........................................="" 6.4="" 0.091="" silver..........................................="" 1.2="" 0.2="" thallium........................................="">< 10="">< 0.10="" zinc............................................="" 16000="" 470="" cyanide="" (complexed)="" (total).....................="" 0.31="" 0.030="" cyanide="" (soluble)...............................="">< 0.13="" na="" cyanide="" (reactive)..............................="">< 0.050="" na="" sulfide="" (reactive)..............................=""><10 na="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="">< denotes="" that="" the="" constituent="" was="" not="" detected="" at="" the="" detection="" limit="" specified="" in="" the="" table.="" \1\="" these="" levels="" represent="" the="" highest="" concentration="" of="" each="" constituent="" found="" in="" any="" one="" sample.="" these="" levels="" do="" not="" represent="" the="" specific="" levels="" found="" in="" one="" sample.="" na="" denotes="" that="" the="" constituent="" was="" not="" analyzed.="" [[page="" 32750]]="" table="" 2.--maximum="" total="" constituent="" and="" leachate="" concentrations="" (ppm)="" \1\="" filter="" press="" sludge="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" total="" tclp="" constituent="" leachate="" organic="" constituents="" analyses="" analyses="" (mg/kg)="" (mg/l)="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" methyl="" ethyl="" ketone.............................="" 0.120="">< 0.100="" dichloromethane.................................="" 0.008="" na="" 4-methylphenol..................................=""><1.0 0.067="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="">< denotes="" that="" the="" constituent="" was="" not="" detected="" at="" the="" detection="" limit="" specified="" in="" the="" table.="" \1\="" these="" levels="" represent="" the="" highest="" concentration="" of="" each="" constituent="" found="" in="" any="" one="" sample.="" these="" levels="" do="" not="" represent="" the="" specific="" levels="" found="" in="" one="" sample.="" na="" denotes="" that="" the="" constituent="" was="" not="" analyzed.="" bekaert="" submitted="" a="" signed="" certification="" stating="" that="" the="" maximum="" volume="" of="" filter="" cake="" generated="" on="" an="" annual="" basis="" is="" 1,022="" cubic="" yards="" of="" waste.="" the="" epa="" reviews="" a="" petitioner's="" estimates="" and,="" on="" occasion,="" has="" requested="" a="" petitioner="" to="" re-evaluate="" estimated="" waste="" volume.="" the="" epa="" accepted="" bekaert's="" certified="" estimate="" of="" 1,022="" cubic="" yards="" of="" annual="" generated="" waste.="" the="" petition="" was="" evaluated="" at="" a="" waste="" volume="" of="" 1,250="" cubic="" yards="" of="" annual="" generated="" which="" is="" a="" more="" conservative="" approach="" and="" also="" allows="" for="" future="" fluctuations="" in="" waste="" output.="" the="" epa="" does="" not="" generally="" verify="" submitted="" test="" data="" before="" proposing="" delisting="" decisions.="" the="" sworn="" affidavit="" submitted="" with="" this="" petition="" binds="" the="" petitioner="" to="" present="" truthful="" and="" accurate="" results.="" the="" epa,="" however,="" has="" maintained="" a="" spot-check="" sampling="" and="" analysis="" program="" to="" verify="" the="" representative="" nature="" of="" the="" data="" for="" some="" percentage="" of="" the="" submitted="" petitions.="" a="" spot-check="" visit="" to="" a="" selected="" facility="" may="" be="" initiated="" before="" finalizing="" a="" delisting="" petition="" or="" after="" granting="" a="" final="" exclusion.="" d.="" agency="" evaluation="" the="" epa="" considered="" the="" appropriateness="" of="" alternative="" waste="" management="" scenarios="" for="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste="" and="" decided,="" based="" on="" the="" information="" provided="" in="" the="" petition,="" that="" disposal="" in="" a="" municipal="" solid="" waste="" landfill="" is="" the="" most="" reasonable,="" worst-case="" scenario="" for="" this="" waste.="" under="" a="" landfill="" disposal="" scenario,="" the="" major="" exposure="" route="" of="" concern="" for="" any="" hazardous="" constituents="" would="" be="" ingestion="" of="" contaminated="" ground="" water.="" the="" epa,="" therefore,="" evaluated="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste="" using="" the="" modified="" epacml="" which="" predicts="" the="" potential="" for="" groundwater="" contamination="" from="" wastes="" that="" are="" landfilled.="" see="" 56="" fr="" 32993="" (july="" 18,="" 1991),="" 56="" fr="" 67197="" (december="" 30,="" 1991),="" and="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket="" for="" these="" notices="" for="" a="" detailed="" description="" of="" the="" epacml="" model,="" the="" disposal="" assumptions,="" and="" the="" modifications="" made="" for="" delisting.="" this="" model,="" which="" includes="" both="" unsaturated="" and="" saturated="" zone="" transport="" modules,="" was="" used="" to="" predict="" reasonable="" worst-case="" contaminant="" levels="" in="" groundwater="" at="" a="" compliance="" point="" (i.e.,="" a="" receptor="" well="" serving="" as="" a="" drinking="" water="" supply).="" specifically,="" the="" model="" estimated="" the="" dilution/attenuation="" factor="" (daf)="" resulting="" from="" subsurface="" processes="" such="" as="" three-dimensional="" dispersion="" and="" dilution="" from="" groundwater="" recharge="" for="" a="" specific="" volume="" of="" waste.="" the="" epa="" requests="" comments="" on="" the="" use="" of="" the="" epacml="" as="" applied="" to="" the="" evaluation="" of="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste.="" for="" the="" evaluation="" of="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste,="" the="" epa="" used="" the="" epacml="" to="" evaluate="" the="" mobility="" of="" the="" hazardous="" inorganic="" constituents="" detected="" in="" the="" extract="" of="" samples="" of="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste.="" the="" epa="" intends="" to="" evaluate="" petitions="" for="" generated="" wastes="" on="" a="" case-by-="" case="" basis.="" the="" dafs="" are="" currently="" calculated="" assuming="" an="" ongoing="" process="" generates="" wastes="" for="" 20="" years.="" epa's="" evaluation,="" using="" a="" daf="" of="" 96,="" maximum="" annual="" waste="" volume="" estimate="" of="" 1,250="" cubic="" yards="" and="" the="" maximum="" reported="" tclp="" leachate="" concentrations="" (see="" table="" 1),="" yielded="" compliance-point="" concentrations="" (see="" table="" 3)="" that="" are="" below="" the="" current="" health-based="" levels="" used="" in="" delisting="" decision-making.="" the="" maximum="" reported="" or="" calculated="" leachate="" concentrations="" of="" antimony,="" barium,="" copper,="" nickel,="" selenium,="" silver,="" and="" zinc="" in="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" yielded="" compliance="" point="" concentrations="" below="" the="" health-based="" levels="" used="" in="" delisting="" decision-making.="" the="" epa="" did="" not="" evaluate="" the="" mobility="" of="" the="" remaining="" inorganic="" constituents="" (i.e.,="" arsenic,="" beryllium,="" cadmium,="" chromium,="" lead,="" mercury,="" and="" thallium)="" in="" bekaert's="" waste="" because="" they="" were="" not="" detected="" in="" the="" leachate="" using="" the="" appropriate="" analytical="" test="" methods="" (see="" table="" 1).="" the="" epa="" believes="" that="" it="" is="" inappropriate="" to="" evaluate="" nondetectable="" concentrations="" of="" a="" constituent="" of="" concern="" in="" its="" modeling="" efforts="" if="" the="" nondetectable="" value="" was="" obtained="" using="" the="" appropriate="" analytical="" method.="" if="" a="" constituent="" cannot="" be="" detected="" (when="" using="" the="" appropriate="" analytical="" method="" with="" an="" adequate="" detection="" limit),="" the="" epa="" assumes="" that="" the="" constituent="" is="" not="" present="" and="" therefore="" does="" not="" present="" a="" threat="" to="" human="" health="" or="" the="" environment.="" table="" 3.--epacml:="" calculated="" compliance-point="" concentrations="" (ppm)="" petitioned="" waste="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" compliance="" levels="" of="" point="" regulatory="" inorganic="" constituents="" concentrations="" concern="">2
1 (mg/l) (mg/l)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Antimony................................. 0.0036 0.006
Barium................................... 0.014 2.0
Copper................................... 0.13 1.3
Nickel................................... 0.012 0.1
Selenium................................. 0.00096 0.05
Silver................................... 0.002 0.2
Zinc..................................... 4.90 10.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Using the maximum TCLP leachate level and based on a DAF of 96
calculated using the EPACML for an annual volume of 1,250 cubic yards.
\2\ See Docket Report on Health-Based Levels and Solubilities Used in
the Evaluation of Delisting Petitions, December 1994 located in the
RCRA public docket for today's notice.
The EPA also evaluated the potential hazard of methyl ethyl ketone,
4-methylphenol (p-cresol), and dichloromethane, the only organic
constituents detected in the total concentrations or TCLP extract of
samples of Bekaert's petitioned waste. Process information submitted by
Bekaert demonstrates that organic constituents are unlikely to be
present in the waste. Furthermore, the organic analysis submitted
indicated only trace levels of these three constituents. In any case,
the Agency notes that if the total levels (0.120, < 1.00,="" 0.008="" mg/kg,="" in="" respective="" order)="" of="" these="" trace="" constituents="" were="" evaluated="" using="" the="" epacml="" (conservatively="" assuming="" the="" total="" concentration="" of="" the="" constituents="" would="" leach),="" the="" compliance="" levels="" (.00125,="">< 0.0104,="" 0.0000842="" mg/l)="" at="" the="" theoretical="" compliance="" point="" would="" still="" be="" well="" below="" health-based="" levels="" (20,="" 2,="" 0.005="" mg/l,="" in="" respective="" order).="" as="" reported="" in="" table="" 1,="" reactive="" cyanide="" and="" reactive="" sulfide="" were="" not="" detected="" in="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste.="" the="" detection="" limits="" are="" less="" than="" 0.050="" mg/kg="" and="" less="" than="" 10="" mg/kg,="" respectively.="" these="" detection="" limit="" concentrations="" are="" below="" the="" epa's="" interim="" standards="" of="" 250="" and="" 500="" ppm,="" respectively.="" see="" interim="" agency="" thresholds="" for="" toxic="" gas="" generation,="" july="" 12,="" 1985,="" internal="" agency="" memorandum="" in="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket.="" therefore,="" reactive="" cyanide="" and="" reactive="" sulfide="" levels="" are="" not="" of="" concern.="" complexed="" cyanide="" was="" identified="" in="" one="" of="" the="" five="" samples="" analyzed="" at="" a="" total="" concentration="" of="" 0.31="" mg/kg="" and="" at="" a="" leachable="" (tclp="" extract)="" concentration="" of="" 0.030="" mg/1.="" the="" leachable="" amount="" found="" in="" the="" one="" sample="" of="" waste="" is="" below="" the="" appropriate="" health-base="" [[page="" 32751]]="" number="" of="" 0.2="" mg/1="" (see="" docket)="" even="" without="" considering="" the="" dilution="" effects="" of="" the="" fate="" and="" transport="" of="" the="" constituent.="" therefore,="" since="" bekaert="" does="" not="" use="" cyanide="" in="" any="" of="" their="" processes="" and="" the="" complexed="" cyanide="" was="" identified="" in="" only="" one="" sample="" at="" concentrations="" below="" the="" health-based="" concentration,="" complexed="" cyanide="" is="" not="" considered="" of="" concern.="" the="" epa="" concluded,="" after="" reviewing="" bekaert's="" processes,="" that="" no="" other="" hazardous="" constituents="" of="" concern,="" other="" than="" those="" tested="" for,="" are="" likely="" to="" be="" present="" or="" formed="" as="" reaction="" products="" or="" by-products="" in="" bekaert's="" waste="" proposed="" for="" exclusion.="" in="" addition,="" on="" the="" basis="" of="" explanations="" and="" analytical="" data="" provided="" by="" bekaert,="" pursuant="" to="" sec.="" 260.22,="" the="" epa="" concludes="" that="" the="" waste="" does="" not="" exhibit="" any="" of="" the="" characteristics="" of="" ignitability,="" corrosivity,="" or="" reactivity.="" see="" sec.="" 261.21,="" sec.="" 261.22,="" and="" sec.="" 261.23,="" respectively.="" during="" the="" evaluation="" of="" bekaert's="" petition,="" the="" epa="" also="" considered="" the="" potential="" impact="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" via="" non-ground="" water="" routes="" (i.e.,="" air="" emission="" and="" surface="" runoff).="" with="" regard="" to="" airborne="" dispersion="" in="" particular,="" the="" epa="" believes="" that="" exposure="" to="" airborne="" contaminants="" from="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" unlikely.="" the="" epa="" evaluated="" the="" potential="" hazards="" resulting="" from="" the="" unlikely="" scenario="" of="" airborne="" exposure="" to="" hazardous="" constituents="" released="" from="" bekaert's="" waste="" in="" an="" open="" landfill.="" the="" results="" of="" this="" worst-case="" analysis="" indicated="" that="" there="" is="" no="" substantial="" present="" or="" potential="" hazard="" to="" human="" health="" from="" airborne="" exposure="" to="" constituents="" from="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste.="" a="" description="" of="" the="" epa's="" assessment="" of="" the="" potential="" impact="" of="" bekaert's="" waste,="" with="" regard="" to="" airborne="" dispersion="" of="" waste="" contaminants,="" is="" presented="" in="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket="" for="" today's="" proposed="" rule.="" the="" epa="" also="" considered="" the="" potential="" impact="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" via="" a="" surface="" water="" route.="" the="" epa="" believes="" that="" containment="" structures="" at="" municipal="" solid="" waste="" landfills="" can="" effectively="" control="" surface="" water="" run-off.="" subtitle="" d="" regulations="" (see="" 56="" fr="" 50978,="" october="" 9,="" 1991)="" prohibit="" pollutant="" discharges="" into="" surface="" waters.="" furthermore,="" the="" concentrations="" of="" any="" hazardous="" constituents="" dissolved="" in="" the="" runoff="" will="" tend="" to="" be="" lower="" than="" the="" levels="" in="" the="" tclp="" leachate="" analyses="" reported="" in="" today's="" notice,="" due="" to="" the="" aggressive="" acid="" medium="" used="" for="" extraction="" in="" the="" tclp="" test.="" the="" epa="" believes="" that,="" in="" general,="" leachate="" derived="" from="" the="" waste="" is="" unlikely="" to="" enter="" a="" surface="" water="" body="" directly="" without="" first="" travelling="" through="" the="" saturated="" subsurface="" zone="" where="" further="" dilution="" and="" attenuation="" of="" hazardous="" constituents="" will="" also="" occur.="" leachable="" concentrations="" provide="" a="" direct="" measure="" of="" the="" solubility="" of="" a="" toxic="" constituent="" in="" water,="" and="" are="" indicative="" of="" the="" fraction="" of="" the="" constituent="" that="" may="" be="" mobilized="" in="" surface="" water,="" as="" well="" as="" ground="" water.="" the="" reported="" tclp="" extraction="" data="" shows="" that="" the="" metals="" that="" might="" be="" released="" from="" bekaert's="" waste="" to="" surface="" water="" would="" be="" likely="" to="" remain="" undissolved="" or="" leach="" in="" concentrations="" that="" would="" be="" below="" health-based="" levels="" of="" concern.="" finally,="" any="" transported="" constituents="" would="" be="" further="" diluted="" in="" the="" receiving="" surface="" water="" body.="" based="" on="" the="" reasons="" discussed="" above,="" the="" epa="" believes="" that="" contamination="" of="" surface="" water="" through="" run-off="" from="" the="" waste="" disposal="" area="" is="" very="" unlikely.="" nevertheless,="" the="" epa="" evaluated="" potential="" impacts="" on="" surface="" water="" if="" bekaert's="" waste="" were="" released="" from="" a="" municipal="" solid="" waste="" landfill="" through="" run-off="" and="" erosion.="" see,="" the="" rcra="" public="" docket="" for="" today's="" proposed="" rule.="" the="" estimated="" levels="" of="" the="" hazardous="" constituents="" of="" concern="" in="" surface="" water="" would="" be="" well="" below="" health-based="" levels="" for="" human="" health,="" as="" well="" as="" below="" the="" epa="" chronic="" water="" quality="" criteria="" for="" aquatic="" organisms="" (usepa,="" owrs,="" 1987).="" the="" epa,="" therefore,="" concluded="" that="" bekaert's="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" not="" a="" substantial="" present="" or="" potential="" hazard="" to="" human="" health="" and="" the="" environment="" via="" the="" surface="" water="" exposure="" pathway.="" e.="" conclusion="" the="" epa="" has="" reviewed="" the="" sampling="" procedures="" used="" by="" bekaert="" and="" has="" determined="" that="" they="" satisfy="" the="" epa="" criteria="" for="" collecting="" representative="" samples.="" the="" data="" submitted="" in="" support="" of="" the="" petition="" demonstrates,="" after="" careful="" evaluation,="" that="" constituents="" in="" bekaert's="" waste="" are="" present="" at="" the="" compliance="" point="" below="" the="" health-based="" levels="" used="" in="" the="" delisting="" decision-making.="" the="" epa="" believes="" that="" bekaert="" has="" successfully="" demonstrated="" that="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" non-="" hazardous.="" the="" epa,="" therefore,="" proposes="" to="" grant="" an="" exclusion="" to="" bekaert="" steel="" corporation,="" located="" in="" rogers,="" arkansas,="" for="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" described="" in="" its="" petition="" as="" epa="" hazardous="" waste="" no.="" f006.="" the="" epa's="" decision="" to="" exclude="" this="" waste="" is="" based="" on="" descriptions="" of="" the="" process="" from="" which="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" derived,="" descriptions="" of="" bekaert's="" wastewater="" treatment="" process,="" and="" characterization="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste.="" if="" the="" proposed="" rule="" is="" finalized,="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" will="" no="" longer="" be="" subject="" to="" regulation="" under="" parts="" 262="" through="" 268="" and="" the="" permitting="" standards="" of="" part="" 270.="" if="" made="" final,="" the="" proposed="" exclusion="" will="" apply="" only="" to="" 1,250="" cubic="" yards="" of="" petitioned="" waste="" generated="" annually,="" on="" a="" calendar="" year="" basis,="" through="" operation="" of="" bekaert's="" wastewater="" treatment="" filter="" press.="" the="" facility="" would="" be="" required="" to="" obtain="" a="" new="" exclusion="" if="" either="" its="" manufacturing="" or="" treatment="" processes="" are="" significantly="" altered="" such="" that="" an="" adverse="" change="" in="" waste="" composition="" (for="" example,="" significantly="" higher="" levels="" of="" hazardous="" constituents)="" or="" increase="" in="" volume="" occur.="" accordingly,="" the="" facility="" would="" be="" required="" to="" file="" a="" new="" petition="" for="" the="" altered="" waste.="" additionally,="" the="" facility="" must="" treat="" waste="" generated="" either="" in="" excess="" of="" 1,250="" cubic="" yards="" per="" year="" or="" generated="" from="" changed="" processes="" as="" hazardous="" until="" a="" new="" exclusion="" is="" granted.="" although="" management="" of="" the="" waste="" covered="" by="" this="" petition="" would="" be="" removed="" from="" subtitle="" c="" jurisdiction="" upon="" final="" promulgation="" of="" an="" exclusion,="" the="" generator="" of="" a="" delisted="" waste="" must="" either="" treat,="" store,="" or="" dispose="" of="" the="" waste="" in="" an="" on-site="" facility,="" or="" ensure="" that="" the="" waste="" is="" delivered="" to="" an="" off-site="" storage,="" treatment,="" or="" disposal="" facility,="" either="" of="" which="" is="" permitted,="" licensed,="" or="" registered="" by="" a="" state="" to="" manage="" municipal="" or="" industrial="" solid="" waste.="" alternatively,="" the="" delisted="" waste="" may="" be="" delivered="" to="" a="" facility="" that="" beneficially="" uses="" or="" reuses,="" or="" legitimately="" recycles="" or="" reclaims="" the="" waste,="" or="" treats="" the="" waste="" prior="" to="" such="" beneficial="" use,="" reuse,="" recycling,="" or="" reclamation.="" f.="" annual="" testing="" if="" a="" final="" exclusion="" is="" granted,="" the="" petitioner="" will="" be="" required="" to="" demonstrate,="" on="" an="" annual="" basis,="" that="" the="" characteristics="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" remain="" as="" originally="" described.="" in="" order="" to="" confirm="" that="" the="" characteristics="" of="" the="" waste="" do="" not="" change="" significantly,="" the="" facility="" must,="" on="" an="" annual="" basis,="" analyze="" a="" representative="" composite="" sample="" for="" the="" constituents="" listed="" in="" sec.="" 261.24="" as="" well="" as="" antimony,="" copper,="" nickel="" and="" zinc="" using="" the="" method="" specified="" therein.="" sampling="" and="" analysis="" must="" be="" completed="" by="" july="" 1="" of="" each="" year.="" each="" year's="" analytical="" results="" (including="" quality="" control="" information)="" must="" be="" compiled,="" certified="" according="" to="" 260.22(i)(12),="" maintained="" on-site="" for="" a="" minimum="" of="" five="" years,="" and="" made="" available="" for="" inspection="" upon="" request="" by="" any="" employee="" or="" representative="" of="" epa="" or="" the="" state="" of="" arkansas.="" failure="" to="" maintain="" the="" required="" records="" on="" site="" will="" be="" considered="" by="" epa,="" at="" its="" discretion,="" sufficient="" basis="" to="" revoke="" the="" exclusion="" to="" the="" extent="" directed="" by="" epa.="" [[page="" 32752]]="" the="" purpose="" of="" this="" testing="" requirement="" is="" to="" ensure="" that="" the="" quality="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" remains="" as="" originally="" described="" by="" the="" petitioner.="" the="" agency="" believes="" that="" the="" data="" obtained="" will="" assist="" epa="" or="" the="" state="" in="" determining="" whether="" the="" petitioner's="" manufacturing="" processes="" have="" been="" significantly="" altered,="" or="" if="" the="" waste="" is="" more="" variable="" than="" originally="" described="" by="" the="" petitioner.="" the="" agency="" also="" believes="" that="" the="" annual="" retesting="" of="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" is="" not="" overly="" burdensome="" to="" the="" facility="" and="" notes="" that="" these="" data="" will="" assist="" the="" facility="" in="" complying="" with="" sec.="" 262.11(c)="" which="" requires="" generators="" to="" determine="" whether="" their="" wastes="" are="" hazardous,="" as="" defined="" by="" the="" toxicity="" characteristic="" (see="" 40="" cfr="" 261.24).="" iii.="" limited="" effect="" of="" federal="" exclusion="" this="" proposed="" exclusion,="" if="" promulgated,="" would="" be="" issued="" under="" the="" federal="" (rcra)="" delisting="" program.="" states,="" however,="" are="" allowed="" to="" impose="" their="" own,="" non-rcra="" regulatory="" requirements="" that="" are="" more="" stringent="" than="" epa's,="" pursuant="" to="" section="" 3009="" of="" rcra.="" these="" more="" stringent="" requirements="" may="" include="" a="" provision="" which="" prohibits="" a="" federally-issued="" exclusion="" from="" taking="" effect="" in="" the="" state.="" since="" a="" petitioner's="" waste="" may="" be="" regulated="" under="" a="" dual="" system="" (both="" federal="" (rcra)="" and="" state="" (non-rcra)="" programs),="" petitioners="" are="" urged="" to="" contact="" their="" state="" regulatory="" authorities="" to="" determine="" the="" current="" status="" of="" their="" wastes="" under="" state="" law.="" furthermore,="" some="" states="" are="" authorized="" to="" administer="" a="" delisting="" program="" in="" lieu="" of="" the="" federal="" program,="" i.e.,="" to="" make="" their="" own="" delisting="" decisions.="" therefore,="" this="" proposed="" exclusion,="" if="" promulgated,="" would="" not="" apply="" in="" those="" authorized="" states.="" if="" the="" petitioned="" waste="" will="" be="" transported="" to="" any="" state="" with="" delisting="" authorization,="" bekaert="" must="" obtain="" delisting="" authorization="" from="" that="" state="" before="" the="" waste="" may="" be="" managed="" as="" nonhazardous="" in="" that="" state.="" iv.="" effective="" date="" this="" rule,="" if="" made="" final,="" will="" become="" effective="" immediately="" upon="" final="" publication.="" the="" hazardous="" and="" solid="" waste="" amendments="" of="" 1984="" amended="" section="" 3010="" of="" rcra="" to="" allow="" rules="" to="" become="" effective="" in="" less="" than="" six-months="" when="" the="" regulated="" community="" does="" not="" need="" the="" six-="" month="" period="" to="" come="" into="" compliance.="" that="" is="" the="" case="" here,="" because="" this="" rule,="" if="" finalized,="" would="" reduce="" the="" existing="" requirements="" for="" persons="" generating="" hazardous="" wastes.="" in="" light="" of="" the="" unnecessary="" hardship="" and="" expense="" that="" would="" be="" imposed="" on="" this="" petitioner="" by="" an="" effective="" date="" six="" months="" after="" publication="" and="" the="" fact="" that="" a="" six-="" month="" deadline="" is="" not="" necessary="" to="" achieve="" the="" purpose="" of="" section="" 3010,="" the="" epa="" believes="" that="" this="" exclusion="" should="" be="" effective="" immediately="" upon="" final="" publication.="" these="" reasons="" also="" provide="" a="" basis="" for="" making="" this="" rule="" effective="" immediately,="" upon="" final="" publication,="" under="" the="" administrative="" procedure="" act,="" pursuant="" to="" 5="" u.s.c.sec.="" 553(d).="" v.="" regulatory="" impact="" under="" executive="" order="" 12866,="" the="" epa="" must="" conduct="" an="" ``assessment="" of="" the="" potential="" costs="" and="" benefits''="" for="" all="" ``significant''="" regulatory="" actions.="" this="" proposal="" to="" grant="" an="" exclusion="" is="" not="" significant,="" since="" its="" effect,="" if="" promulgated,="" would="" be="" to="" reduce="" the="" overall="" costs="" and="" economic="" impact="" of="" the="" epa's="" hazardous="" waste="" management="" regulations.="" this="" reduction="" would="" be="" achieved="" by="" excluding="" waste="" generated="" at="" a="" specific="" facility="" from="" the="" epa's="" lists="" of="" hazardous="" wastes,="" thereby="" enabling="" this="" facility="" to="" treat="" its="" waste="" as="" non-hazardous.="" there="" is="" no="" additional="" impact="" due="" to="" today's="" rule.="" therefore,="" this="" proposal="" would="" not="" be="" a="" significant="" regulation,="" and="" no="" cost/benefit="" assessment="" is="" required.="" the="" office="" of="" management="" and="" budget="" (omb)="" has="" also="" exempted="" this="" rule="" from="" the="" requirement="" for="" omb="" review="" under="" section="" (6)="" of="" executive="" order="" 12866.="" vi.="" regulatory="" flexibility="" act="" pursuant="" to="" the="" regulatory="" flexibility="" act,="" 5="" u.s.c.="" secs.="" 601-612,="" whenever="" an="" agency="" is="" required="" to="" publish="" a="" general="" notice="" of="" rulemaking="" for="" any="" proposed="" or="" final="" rule,="" it="" must="" prepare="" and="" make="" available="" for="" public="" comment="" a="" regulatory="" flexibility="" analysis="" that="" describes="" the="" impact="" of="" the="" rule="" on="" small="" entities="" (i.e.,="" small="" businesses,="" small="" organizations,="" and="" small="" governmental="" jurisdictions).="" no="" regulatory="" flexibility="" analysis="" is="" required,="" however,="" if="" the="" administrator="" or="" delegated="" representative="" certifies="" that="" the="" rule="" will="" not="" have="" any="" impact="" on="" any="" small="" entities.="" this="" rule,="" if="" promulgated,="" will="" not="" have="" any="" adverse="" economic="" impact="" on="" any="" small="" entities="" since="" its="" effect="" would="" be="" to="" reduce="" the="" overall="" costs="" of="" the="" epa's="" hazardous="" waste="" regulations="" and="" would="" be="" limited="" to="" one="" facility.="" accordingly,="" i="" hereby="" certify="" that="" this="" proposed="" regulation,="" if="" promulgated,="" will="" not="" have="" a="" significant="" economic="" impact="" on="" a="" substantial="" number="" of="" small="" entities.="" this="" regulation,="" therefore,="" does="" not="" require="" a="" regulatory="" flexibility="" analysis.="" vii.="" paperwork="" reduction="" act="" information="" collection="" and="" recordkeeping="" requirements="" associated="" with="" this="" proposed="" rule="" have="" been="" approved="" by="" the="" office="" of="" management="" and="" budget="" (omb)="" under="" the="" provisions="" of="" the="" paperwork="" reduction="" act="" of="" 1980="" (pub.="" l.="" 96-511,="" 44="" u.s.c.="" sec.="" 3501="" et="" seq.)="" and="" have="" been="" assigned="" omb="" control="" number="" 2050-0053.="" viii.="" unfunded="" mandates="" reform="" act="" under="" section="" 202="" of="" the="" unfunded="" mandates="" reform="" act="" of="" 1995="" (umra),="" public="" law="" 104-4,="" which="" was="" signed="" into="" law="" on="" march="" 22,="" 1995,="" the="" epa="" generally="" must="" prepare="" a="" written="" statement="" for="" rules="" with="" federal="" mandates="" that="" may="" result="" in="" estimated="" costs="" to="" state,="" local,="" and="" tribal="" governments="" in="" the="" aggregate,="" or="" to="" the="" private="" sector,="" of="" $100="" million="" or="" more="" in="" any="" one="" year.="" when="" such="" a="" statement="" is="" required="" for="" epa="" rules,="" under="" section="" 205="" of="" the="" umra,="" the="" epa="" must="" identify="" and="" consider="" alternatives,="" including="" the="" least="" costly,="" most="" cost-effective="" or="" least="" burdensome="" alternative="" that="" achieves="" the="" objectives="" of="" the="" rule.="" the="" epa="" must="" select="" that="" alternative,="" unless="" the="" administrator="" explains="" in="" the="" final="" rule="" why="" it="" was="" not="" selected="" or="" it="" is="" inconsistent="" with="" law.="" before="" the="" epa="" establishes="" regulatory="" requirements="" that="" may="" significantly="" or="" uniquely="" affect="" small="" governments,="" including="" tribal="" governments,="" it="" must="" develop="" under="" section="" 203="" of="" the="" umra="" a="" small="" government="" agency="" plan.="" the="" plan="" must="" provide="" for="" notifying="" potentially="" affected="" small="" governments,="" giving="" them="" meaningful="" and="" timely="" input="" in="" the="" development="" of="" the="" epa="" regulatory="" proposals="" with="" significant="" federal="" intergovernmental="" mandates,="" and="" informing,="" educating,="" and="" advising="" them="" on="" compliance="" with="" the="" regulatory="" requirements.="" the="" umra="" generally="" defines="" a="" federal="" mandate="" for="" regulatory="" purposes="" as="" one="" that="" imposes="" an="" enforceable="" duty="" upon="" state,="" local="" or="" tribal="" governments="" or="" the="" private="" sector.="" the="" epa="" finds="" that="" today's="" proposed="" delisting="" decision="" is="" deregulatory="" in="" nature="" and="" does="" not="" impose="" any="" enforceable="" duty="" upon="" state,="" local="" or="" tribal="" governments="" or="" the="" private="" sector.="" in="" addition,="" the="" proposed="" delisting="" does="" not="" establish="" any="" regulatory="" requirements="" for="" small="" governments="" and="" so="" does="" not="" require="" a="" small="" government="" agency="" plan="" under="" umra="" section="" 203.="" list="" of="" subjects="" in="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 261="" environmental="" protection,="" hazardous="" waste,="" recycling,="" reporting="" and="" recordkeeping="" requirements.="" [[page="" 32753]]="" authority:="" sec.="" 3001(f)="" rcra,="" 42="" u.s.c.="" 6921(f).="" dated:="" june="" 11,="" 1996.="" jane="" n.="" saginaw,="" regional="" administrator.="" for="" the="" reasons="" set="" out="" in="" the="" preamble,="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 261="" is="" proposed="" to="" be="" amended="" as="" follows:="" part="" 261--identification="" and="" listing="" of="" hazardous="" waste="" 1.="" the="" authority="" citation="" for="" part="" 261="" continues="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" authority:="" 42="" u.s.c.="" 6905,="" 6912(a),="" 6921,="" 6922,="" and="" 6938.="" 2.="" in="" table="" 2="" of="" appendix="" ix="" of="" part="" 261="" it="" is="" proposed="" to="" add="" the="" following="" waste="" stream="" in="" alphabetical="" order="" by="" facility="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" appendix="" ix="" to="" part="" 261--wastes="" excluded="" under="" sec.="" 260.20="" and="" sec.="" 260.22="" table="" 2.--wastes="" excluded="" from="" specific="" sources="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" facility="" address="" waste="" description="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" bekaert="" steel="" corporation.......="" rogers,="" arkansas................="" wastewater="" treatment="" sludge="" (epa="" hazardous="" waste="" no.="" f006)="" generated="" from="" electroplating="" operations="" (at="" a="" maximum="" annual="" rate="" of="" 1,250="" cubic="" yards="" to="" be="" measured="" on="" a="" calendar="" year="" basis)="" after="" [insert="" publication="" date="" of="" the="" final="" rule].="" in="" order="" to="" confirm="" that="" the="" characteristics="" of="" the="" waste="" do="" not="" change="" significantly,="" the="" facility="" must,="" on="" an="" annual="" basis,="" before="" july="" 1="" of="" each="" year,="" analyze="" a="" representative="" composite="" sample="" for="" the="" constituents="" listed="" in="" 261.24="" as="" well="" as="" antimony,="" copper,="" nickel,="" and="" zinc="" using="" the="" method="" specified="" therein.="" the="" annual="" analytical="" results,="" including="" quality="" control="" information,="" must="" be="" compiled,="" certified="" according="" to="" sec.="" 260.22(i)(12)="" of="" this="" chapter,="" maintained="" on="" site="" for="" a="" minimum="" of="" five="" years,="" and="" made="" available="" for="" inspection="" upon="" request="" of="" any="" employee="" or="" representative="" of="" epa="" or="" the="" state="" of="" arkansas.="" failure="" to="" maintain="" the="" required="" documents="" on="" site="" will="" be="" considered="" by="" epa,="" at="" its="" discretion,="" sufficient="" basis="" to="" revoke="" the="" exclusion="" to="" the="" extent="" directed="" by="" epa.="" notification="" requirements:="" bekaert="" steel="" corporation="" must="" provide="" a="" one-="" time="" written="" notification="" to="" any="" state="" regulatory="" agency="" to="" which="" or="" through="" which="" the="" delisted="" waste="" described="" above="" will="" be="" transported="" for="" disposal="" at="" least="" 60="" days="" prior="" to="" the="" commencement="" of="" such="" activities.="" failure="" to="" provide="" such="" a="" notification="" will="" result="" in="" a="" violation="" of="" the="" delisting="" petition="" and="" a="" possible="" revocation="" of="" the="" decision.="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" [fr="" doc.="" 96-15884="" filed="" 6-24-96;="" 8:45="" am]="" billing="" code="" 6560-50-p="">