96-13806. [Social Security Acquiescence Ruling 96-1(6)]  

  • [Federal Register Volume 61, Number 107 (Monday, June 3, 1996)]
    [Notices]
    [Pages 27942-27944]
    From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
    [FR Doc No: 96-13806]
    
    
    
    =======================================================================
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
    
    
    [Social Security Acquiescence Ruling 96-1(6)]
    
    DeSonier v. Sullivan; Method of Application of State Intestate 
    Succession Law In Determining Entitlement to Child's Benefits
    
    AGENCY: Social Security Administration.
    
    ACTION: Notice of Social Security Acquiescence Ruling.
    
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    [[Page 27943]]
    
    SUMMARY: In accordance with 20 CFR 422.406(b)(2), the Commissioner of 
    Social Security gives notice of Social Security Acquiescence Ruling 96-
    1(6).
    
    EFFECTIVE DATE: June 3, 1996.
    
    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
    Gary Sargent, Litigation Staff, Social Security Administration, 6401 
    Security Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21235, (410) 965-1695.
    
    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Although not required to do so pursuant to 5 
    U.S.C. 552(a)(1) and (a)(2), we are publishing this Social Security 
    Acquiescence Ruling in accordance with 20 CFR 422.406(b)(2).
        A Social Security Acquiescence Ruling explains how we will apply a 
    holding in a decision of a United States Court of Appeals that we 
    determine conflicts with our interpretation of a provision of the 
    Social Security Act (the Act) or regulations when the Government has 
    decided not to seek further review of that decision or is unsuccessful 
    on further review.
        We will apply the holding of the Court of Appeals decision as 
    explained in this Social Security Acquiescence Ruling to claims at all 
    levels of administrative adjudication within the Sixth Circuit. This 
    Social Security Acquiescence Ruling will apply to all determinations 
    and decisions made on or after June 3, 1996. If we made a determination 
    or decision on your application for benefits between June 22, 1990, the 
    date of the Court of Appeals decision, and June 3, 1996, the effective 
    date of this Social Security Acquiescence Ruling, you may request 
    application of the Ruling to your claim if you first demonstrate, 
    pursuant to 20 CFR 404.985(b), that application of the Ruling could 
    change our prior determination or decision.
        If this Social Security Acquiescence Ruling is later rescinded as 
    obsolete, we will publish a notice in the Federal Register to that 
    effect as provided for in 20 CFR 404.985(e). If we decide to relitigate 
    the issue covered by this Social Security Acquiescence Ruling as 
    provided for by 20 CFR 404.985(c), we will publish a notice in the 
    Federal Register stating that we will apply our interpretation of the 
    Act or regulations involved and explaining why we have decided to 
    relitigate the issue.
    
    (Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Programs Nos. 96.001 Social 
    Security - Disability Insurance; 96.002 Social Security - Retirement 
    Insurance; 96.004 Social Security - Survivors Insurance; 96.005 
    Special Benefits for Disabled Coal Miners.)
    
        Dated: March 19, 1996.
    Shirley S. Chater,
    Commissioner of Social Security.
    
    Acquiescence Ruling 96-1(6)
    
        DeSonier v. Sullivan, 906 F.2d 228 (6th Cir. 1990)--Method of 
    Application of State Intestate Succession Law in Determining 
    Entitlement to Child's Benefits--Title II of the Social Security Act.
        Issue: Whether, for purposes of determining a child's status under 
    section 216(h)(2)(A) of the Social Security Act (the Act), the Social 
    Security Administration (SSA)1 must apply the State law of 
    intestate succession in effect at the time of SSA's determination, 
    rather than the law in effect at the time of the worker's death, and 
    whether SSA must apply changes in State intestacy law in the same 
    manner as State courts would apply the changes.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        \1\ Under the Social Security Independence and Program 
    Improvements Act of 1994, Pub. L. No. 103-296, effective March 31, 
    1995, the Social Security Administration (SSA) became an independent 
    agency in the Executive Branch of the United States Government and 
    was provided ultimate responsibility for administering the Social 
    Security programs under title II of the Act. Prior to March 31, 
    1995, the Secretary of Health and Human Services had such 
    responsibility.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        Statute/Regulation/Ruling Citation: Section 216(h)(2)(A) of the 
    Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 416(h)(2)(A)); 20 CFR 404.354(b).
        Circuit: Sixth (Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Tennessee)
        DeSonier v. Sullivan, 906 F.2d 228 (6th Cir. 1990)
        Applicability of Ruling: This Ruling applies to determinations or 
    decisions at all administrative levels (i.e., initial, reconsideration, 
    Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) hearing or Appeals Council).
        Description of Case: Denise DeSonier and Russell Phillis were never 
    married but lived together from September 1977 until July 1979. They 
    first lived together in Florida and then later in Ohio. DeSonier left 
    Phillis when she was pregnant and returned to Michigan where her family 
    lived. Amanda DeSonier was born to the plaintiff on October 31, 1979. 
    DeSonier did not enter a name for Amanda's father on the birth 
    certificate and she never sought court-ordered support from Phillis. 
    DeSonier testified that Phillis had paid her prenatal medical expenses 
    and had purchased a cradle for the baby. Phillis visited DeSonier once 
    after Amanda was born and gave her a check for $155 drawn on a joint 
    bank account they had maintained while living together. However, 
    DeSonier had closed the account after they separated, so the check was 
    not honored. Phillis died on January 29, 1986.
        The plaintiff's application for child's benefits on Phillis' 
    earnings record was denied at both the initial and reconsideration 
    levels of the administrative review process. After a hearing, an ALJ 
    found that DeSonier and Phillis did not enter into a valid common law 
    marriage while living together in Ohio and that Amanda DeSonier did not 
    qualify as the deceased wage earner's child under any other provision 
    of the Act. The ALJ also considered section 216(h)(2)(A) of the Act, 
    which would allow Amanda to be considered Phillis' child if she would 
    have the same status as a child under the intestate succession law that 
    would be applied by the courts of the State in which Phillis was 
    domiciled at the time of his death. In the decision issued on December 
    24, 1987, the ALJ recognized that because Phillis lived in Texas when 
    he died the claimant's relationship to the deceased wage earner is 
    determined by applying the laws of Texas. The ALJ considered the Texas 
    intestacy law in existence up to August 27, 1979, the last amendment to 
    Texas law before Phillis' death, and concluded that Amanda DeSonier was 
    not the child of the wage earner under Texas law as required by section 
    216(h)(2)(A) of the Act.
        The plaintiff sought judicial review but did not respond to SSA's 
    motion for summary judgment so the case was submitted on the 
    administrative record. The United States District Court for the Western 
    District of Michigan granted SSA's motion for summary judgment and 
    found that Amanda DeSonier did not qualify for benefits under several 
    provisions of the Act. The plaintiff appealed alleging that she 
    qualified under the Texas law of intestate succession as amended 
    effective September 1, 1987, and that the ALJ should have applied the 
    law of Texas in effect at the time his decision was issued in December 
    1987. The United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit reversed 
    the judgment of the district court and remanded the case for further 
    remand to SSA with instructions to reconsider the plaintiff's 
    application under current Texas law.
        Holding: The Court of Appeals agreed with the Ninth Circuit in 
    Owens v. Schweiker, 692 F.2d 80 (9th Cir. 1982) ``that in determining 
    an applicant's status under [section] 416(h)(2)(A), the Secretary is 
    required to apply the state intestacy law in effect at the time of his 
    decision rather than at the time of the wage earner's death.'' The 
    court also adopted the Third Circuit's approach in Morales on Behalf of 
    Morales v. Bowen, 833 F.2d 481 (3d Cir. 1987), ``that the
    
    [[Page 27944]]
    
    Secretary must determine the time at which the state fixes intestate 
    rights and must apply the statute that would be applied by the state's 
    courts.''
        After reviewing the leading cases on whether Texas courts would 
    retroactively apply amendments to Texas intestacy law that provide ``a 
    new or additional method by which an illegitimate child may establish 
    its rights of inheritance from the natural father,'' the circuit court 
    concluded that Texas courts would have applied the 1987 amendment in 
    determining Amanda DeSonier's inheritance rights.2 The court 
    therefore held that SSA erred by not considering the 1987 amendment and 
    that Amanda DeSonier's status under section 216(h)(2)(A) ``should have 
    been determined by applying the 1987 amendment.''
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        \2\ The court considered the following leading cases: Reed v. 
    Campbell, 476 U.S. 852 (1986) and Henson v. Jarmon, 758 S.W.2d 368 
    (Tex. Ct. App. 1988).
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    Statement As To How DeSonier Differs From Social Security Policy
    
        In accordance with section 216(h)(2)(A) of the Act, SSA uses State 
    laws to decide whether a claimant is the child of a deceased worker. 
    Under its regulations (20 CFR 404.354(b)) implementing section 
    216(h)(2)(A), SSA ``look[s] to the laws that were in effect at the time 
    the insured worker died in the State where the insured had his or her 
    permanent home.''
        The DeSonier court held that SSA is required to apply the State 
    intestacy law in force at the time of SSA's determination or decision 
    in the manner in which it would be applied by State courts.
    
    Explanation of How SSA Will Apply The DeSonier Decision Within The 
    Circuit
    
        This Ruling applies only to cases involving an applicant for 
    child's benefits who resides in Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio or Tennessee 
    at the time of the determination or decision at any administrative 
    level, i.e., initial, reconsideration, ALJ hearing or Appeals Council.
        In a claim for surviving child's benefits involving section 
    216(h)(2)(A) of the Act (42 U.S.C. 416(h)(2)(A)), to determine the 
    right of the child to inherit under the intestacy law in the State of 
    the worker's domicile at the time of death, adjudicators must consider 
    all changes in the State law through the time of the determination or 
    decision at any level of administrative review, i.e., initial, 
    reconsideration, ALJ hearing or Appeals Council review, to determine 
    the child's entitlement to benefits. In cases where the State law has 
    changed, SSA must determine at the time of the determination or 
    decision which State laws would be applied by State courts to fix 
    intestate inheritance rights and must apply amendments to State 
    intestacy laws in the same manner as the State courts would apply the 
    changes.
    [FR Doc. 96-13806 Filed 5-31-96; 8:45 am]
    BILLING CODE 4190-29-F
    
    

Document Information

Effective Date:
6/3/1996
Published:
06/03/1996
Department:
Social Security Administration
Entry Type:
Notice
Action:
Notice of Social Security Acquiescence Ruling.
Document Number:
96-13806
Dates:
June 3, 1996.
Pages:
27942-27944 (3 pages)
PDF File:
96-13806.pdf