[Federal Register Volume 63, Number 134 (Tuesday, July 14, 1998)]
[Notices]
[Pages 37914-37930]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 98-18706]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
Index of Administrator's Decisions and Orders in Civil Penalty
Actions; Publication
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of publication.
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SUMMARY: This notice constitutes the required quarterly publication of
an index of the Administrator's decisions and orders in civil penalty
cases. This publication represents the quarter ending on June 30, 1998.
This publication ensures that the agency is in compliance with
statutory indexing requirements.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
James S. Dillman, Assistant Chief Counsel for Litigation (AGC-400),
Federal Aviation Administration, 400 7th Street, SW., Suite PL 200-A,
Washington, DC 20590; telephone number: (202) 366-4118.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Administrative Procedure Act requires
Federal agencies to maintain and make available for public inspection
and copying current indexes containing identifying information
regarding materials required to be made available or published. 5
U.S.C. 552(a)(2). In a notice issued on July 11, 1990, and published in
the Federal Register (55 FR 29148; July 17, 1990), the FAA announced
the public availability of several indexes and summaries that provide
identifying information about the decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator under the FAA's civil penalty assessment authority and
the rules of practice governing hearings and appeals of civil penalty
actions. 14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G.
The FAA maintains an index of the Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty actions organized by order number and
containing identifying information about each decision or order. The
FAA also maintains a cumulative subject-matter index and digests
organized by order number. The indexes are published on a quarterly
basis (i.e., January, April, July, and October.)
The FAA first published these indexes and digests for all decisions
and orders issued by the Administrator through September 30, 1990. 55
FR 45984; October 31, 1990. The FAA announced in that notice that only
the subject-matter index would be published cumulatively and that the
order number index would be non-cumulative. The FAA announced in a
later notice that the order number indexes published in January would
reflect all of the civil penalty decisions for the previous year. 58 FR
5044; 1/19/93.
The previous quarterly publications of the indexes have appeared in
the Federal Register as follows:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dates of quarter Federal Register publication
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11/1/89-9/30/90........................ 55 FR 45984; 10/31/90
10/1/90-12/31/90....................... 56 FR 44886; 2/6/91
1/1/91-3/31/91......................... 56 FR 20250; 5/2/91
4/1/91-6/30/91......................... 56 FR 31984; 7/12/91
7/1/91-9/30/91......................... 56 FR 51735; 10/15/91
10/1/91-12/31/91....................... 57 FR 2299; 1/21/92
1/1/92-3/31/92......................... 57 FR 12359; 4/9/92
4/1/92-6/30/92......................... 57 FR 32825; 7/23/92
7/1/92-9/30/92......................... 57 FR 48255; 10/22/92
10/1/92-12/31/92....................... 58 FR 5044; 1/19/93
1/1/93-3/31/93......................... 58 FR 21199; 4/19/93
4/1/93-6/30/93......................... 58 FR 42120; 8/6/93
7/1/93-9/30/93......................... 58 FR 58218; 10/29/93
10/1/93-12/31/93....................... 59 FR 5466; 2/4/94
1/1/94-3/31/94......................... 59 FR 22196; 4/29/94
4/1/94-6/30/94......................... 59 FR 39618; 8/3/94
7/1/94-12/31/94........................ 60 FR 4454; 1/23/95
1/1/95-3/31/95......................... 60 FR 19318; 4/17/95
4/1/95-6/30/95......................... 60 FR 36854; 7/18/95
7/1/95-9/30/95......................... 60 FR 53228; 10/12/95
10/1/95-12/31/95....................... 61 FR 1972; 1/24/96
1/1/96-3/31/96......................... 61 FR 16955; 4/18/96
4/1/96-6/30/96......................... 61 FR 37526; 7/18/96
7/1/96-9/30/96......................... 61 FR 54833; 10/22/96
10/1/96-12/31/96....................... 62 FR 2434; 1/16/97
1/1/97-3/31/97......................... 62 FR 24533; 5/2/97
4/1/97-6/30/97......................... 62 FR 38339; 7/17/97
7/1/97-9/30/97......................... 62 FR 53856; 10/16/97
10/1/97-12/31/97....................... 63 FR 3373; 1/22/98
1/1/98-3/31/98......................... 63 FR 19559; 4/20/98
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The civil penalty decisions and orders, and the indexes and digests
are available in FAA offices. In addition, the Administrator's civil
penalty decisions have been published by commercial publishers (Hawkins
Publishing Company and Clark Boardman Callahan) and are available on
computer on-line services (Westlaw, LEXIS, Compuserve and FedWorld). A
list of the addresses of the FAA offices where the civil penalty
decisions may be reviewed and information regarding these commercial
publications and computer databases appear at the end of this notice.
[[Page 37915]]
Information regarding the accessibility of materials filed in
recently initiated civil penalty cases in FAA civil penalty cases at
the DOT Docket and over the Internet is also set forth at the end of
this notice.
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Order Number Index
[This index includes all decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator from April 1, 1998, to June 30, 1998.]
98-6 Continental Airlines
4/7/98 CP97NM0003
98-7 City of Los Angeles, Dep't of Airports
4/7/98 CP96WP0046
98-8 Paul A. Carr
5/4/98 CP96NM0106
98-9 Continental Express
5/4/9 CP97EA0049
98-10 Daniel B. Rawlings
5/8/98 CP97WP0025
98-11 TWA
6/16/98 CP96NE0294
98-12 David G. Stout
6/16/98 CP96WP0304
98-13 Air St. Thomas
6/16/98 CP97SO0007
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Subject Matter Index
(Current as of June 30, 1998)
Administrative Law Judges--Power and Authority:
Continuance of hearing............................. 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-29 Haggland.
Credibility findings............................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley
Air; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental; 95-25 Conquest;
95-26 Hereth; 97-20 Werle; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
Airlines; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
Default Judgment................................... 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-47 Cornwall; 94-8 Nunez;
94-22 Harkins; 94-28 Toyota; 95-10 Diamond; 97-28
Continental Airlines; 97-33 Rawlings; 98-13 Air St.
Thomas.
Discovery.......................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-10 Costello.
Expert Testimony................................... 94-21 Sweeney.
Granting extensions of time........................ 90-27 Gabbert.
Hearing location................................... 92-50 Cullop.
Hearing request.................................... 93-12 Langton; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37
Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Initial Decision................................... 92-1 Costello; 92-32 Barnhill.
Lateness of.................................... 97-31 Sanford Air.
Should include requirement to file appeal brief 98-5 Squire.
Jurisdiction:
Generally...................................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-1 Costello; 92-32
Barnhill.
After issuance of order assessing civil penalty 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner; 97-33 Rawlings.
When complaint is withdrawn.................... 94-39 Kirola.
Motion for Decision................................ 92-73 Wyatt; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-11
Merkley; 96-24 Horizon.
No authority to extend due date for late Answer
without showing of good cause.
(See also Answer).............................. 95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson; 98-4
Larry's Flying Service.
Notice of Hearing.................................. 92-31 Eaddy.
Regulate proceedings............................... 97-20 Werle.
Sanction........................................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 94-22
Harkins; 94-28 Toyota.
Service of law judges by parties................... 97-18 Robinson.
Vacate initial decision............................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-32 Barnhill; 95-6 Sutton.
Aerial Photography..................................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters.
Agency Attorney........................................ 93-13 Medel.
Air Carrier:
Agent/independent contractor of.................... 92-70 US Air.
Careless or Reckless............................... 92-48 & 92-70 US Air; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Duty of care:
Non-delegable.................................. 92-70 US Air; 96-16 Westair Commuter; 96-24 Horizon; 97-
8 Pacific Av. d/b/a InterIsland Helicopters.
Employee........................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-
Island helicopters.
Ground Security Coordinator, Failure to provide.... 96-16 WestAir Commuter.
Intoxicated Passenger:
Allowing to board 98-11 TWA.
Serving alcohol to............................. 98-11 TWA.
Liability for acts/omissions of employees in the 98-11 TWA.
scope of employment.
Aircraft Maintenance (See also Airworthiness,
Maintenance Manual):
Generally.......................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 93-36 & 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38 Bohan; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-8 Pacific Av.
d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10
Alphin; 97-11 Hampton; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines;
97-31 Sanford Air.
[[Page 37916]]
Acceptable methods, techniques, and practices...... 96-3 America West Airlines.
After certificate revocation....................... 92-73 Wyatt.
Airworthiness Directive, compliance with........... 96-18 Kilrain; 97-9 Alphin.
Inspection......................................... 96-18 Kilrain; 97-10 Alphin.
Major/minor repairs................................ 96-3 America West Airlines.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL)....................... 94-38 Bohan; 95-11 Horizon; 97-11 Hampton; 97-21 Delta;
97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
Aircraft Records:
Aircraft Operation................................. 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Flight and Duty Time............................... 96-4 South Aero.
Maintenance Records................................ 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 97-30
Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-31 Sanford Air.
``Yellow tags''.................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Aircraft-Weight and Balance (See Weight and Balance):
Airmen
Pilots............................................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 93-17 Metcalf.
Altitude deviation................................. 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Careless or Reckless............................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf; 93-
29 Sweeney; 96-17 Fenner.
Flight time limitations............................ 93-11 Merkley.
Follow ATC Instruction............................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp.
Low Flight......................................... 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
Owner's responsibility............................. 96-17 Fenner.
See and Avoid...................................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Air Operations Area (AOA):
Air Carrier:
Responsibilities............................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta Air Lines; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
Airport Operator:
Responsibilities............................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator]; 98-7 LAX.
Badge Display.................................. 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-33 Delta Air Lines.
Definition of.................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
58 [Airport Operator].
Exclusive Areas................................ 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
58 [Airport Operator]; 98-7 LAX.
Airport Security Program (ASP):
Compliance with.................................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 96-1
[Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-7
LAX.
Airport Operator Responsibilities...................... 90-12 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan.
Air Traffic Control (ATC):
Error as mitigating factor......................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne.
Error as exonerating factor........................ 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-40 Wendt.
Ground Control..................................... 91-12 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Local Control...................................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Tapes & Transcripts................................ 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Airworthiness.......................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 94-2 Woodhouse; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-18 Kilrain; 94-
25 USAir; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a/ Inter-Island
Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-11 Hampton;
97-21 Delta; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-32
Florida Propeller.
Amicus Curiae Briefs................................... 90-25 Gabbert.
Answer:
ALJ may not extend due date for late Answer unless 95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson; 97-33
good cause shown. Rawlings; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
Timeliness of answer............................... 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-47
Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-5
Grant; 94-29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 94-43 Perez; 95-10
Diamond; 95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson;
97-19 Missirlian; 97-33 Rawlings; 97-38 Air St.
Thomas; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-13 Air St.
Thomas.
What constitutes................................... 92-32 Barnhill; 92-75 Beck; 97-19 Missirlian.
Appeals (See also Filing; Timeliness; Mailing Rule):
Briefs, Generally.................................. 89-4 Metz; 91-45 Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-39 Beck; 93-24 Steel City Aviation; 93-28 Strohl;
94-23 Perez; 95-13 Kilrain.
[[Page 37917]]
Additional Appeal Brief............................ 92-3 Park; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-28
Strohl; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-
29 Sutton; 97-22 Sanford Air; 97-34 Continental
Airlines; 97-38 Air St. Thomas.
Appeal dismissed as premature...................... 95-19 Rayner.
Appeal dismissed as moot after complaint withdrawn. 92-9 Griffin.
Appellate arguments................................ 92-70 USAir.
Court of Appeals, appeal to (See Federal Courts) 90-3 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 90-39 Hart; 91-10 Graham; 91-
Good Cause for Late-Filed Brief or Notice of 24 Esau; 91-48 Wendt; 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 92-3
Appeal. Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 92-41 Moore & Sabre
Associates; 92-52 Beck; 92-57 Detroit Metro Wayne Co.
Airport; 92-69 McCabe; 93-23 Allen: 93-27 Simmons; 93-
31 Allen; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-25
Conquest, 97-6 WRA Inc.; 97-7 Stalling; 97-28
Continental; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-1 V. Taylor; 98-
13 Air St. Thomas.
Motion to Vacate Construed as a brief.............. 91-11 Continental Airlines.
Perfecting an Appeal, generally.................... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-39 Beck; 94-23
Perez; 95-13 Kilrain; 96-5 Alphin Aircraft.
Extension of Time for (good cause for)......... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-26 Britt Airways; 91-
32 Bargen; 91-50 Costello; 93-2 & 93-3 Wendt; 93-24
Steel City Aviation; 93-32 Nunez; 98-5 Squire.
Failure to..................................... 89-1 Gressani; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-11 Thunderbird
Accessories; 90-35 P. Adams; 90-39 Hart; 91-7 Pardue;
91-10 Graham; 91-20 Bargen; 91-43, 91-44, 91-46, 91-47
Delta Air Lines; 92-11 Alilin; 92-15 Dillman; 92-18
Bargen; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay Land Aviation; 92-36
Southwest Airlines; 92-45 O'Brien; 92-56 Montauk
Caribbean Airways; 92-67 USAir; 92-68 Weintraub; 92-78
TWA; 93-7 Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-20 Smith; 93-23 & 93-31
Allen; 93-34 Castle Aviation; 93-35 Steel City
Aviation; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-24 Page; 94-26 French
Aircraft; 94-34 American International Airways; 94-35
American International Airways; 94-36 American
International Airways; 95-4 Hanson; 95-22 & 96-5
Alphin Aircraft; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 96-13 Winslow;
97-3 [Airport Operator], 97-6 WRA, Inc.; 97-15 Houston
& Johnson County; 97-35 Gordon Air Services; 97-36
Avcon; 97-37 Roush; 98-10 Rawlings.
Notice of appeal construed as appeal brief..... 92-39 Beck; 94-15 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23
Atlantic World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian; 97-2 Sanford
Air; 98-5 Squire.
What Constitutes............................... 90-4 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-45 Park; 92-7 West; 92-17
Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 93-7 Dunn; 94-15 Columna; 94-23
Perez; 94-30 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23 Atlantic
World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian; 97-2 Sanford Air.
Service of brief:
Failure to Serve Other party................... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall.
Timeliness of Notice of Appeal................. 90-3 Metz; 90-39 Hart; 91-50 Costello; 92-7 West; 92-69
McCabe; 93-27 Simmons; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse;
95-15 Alphin Aviation; 96-14 Midtown Neon Sign Corp.;
97-7 & 97-17 Stallings; 97-28 Continental 97-38 Air
St. Thomas; 98-1 V. Taylor; 98-13 Air St. Thomas.
[[Page 37918]]
Withdrawl of................................... 89-2 Lincoln-Walker; 89-3 Sittko; 90-4 Nordrum; 90-5
Sussman; 90-6 Dabaghian; 90-7 Steele; 90-8 Jenkins; 90-
9 Van Zandt; 90-13 O'Dell; 90-14 Miller; 90-28 Puleo;
90-29 Sealander; 90-30 Steidinger; 90-34 D. Adams; 90-
40 & 90-41 Westair Commuter Airlines; 91-1 Nestor; 91-
5 Jones; 91-6 Lowery; 91-13 Kreamer; 91-14 Swanton; 91-
15 Knipe; 91-16 Lopez; 91-19 Bayer; 91-21 Britt
Airways; 91-22 Omega Silicone Co.; 91-23 Continental
Airlines; 91-25 Sanders; 91-27 Delta Air Lines; 91-28
Continental Airlines; 91-29 Smith; 91-34 GASPRO; 91-35
M. Graham; 91-36; Howard; 91-37 Vereen; 91-39 America
West; 91-42 Pony Express; 91-49 Shields; 91-56 Mayhan;
91-57 Britt Airways; 91-59 Griffin; 91-60 Brinton; 92-
2 Koller; 92-4 Delta Air Lines; 92-6 Rothgeb; 92-12
Bertetto 92-20 Delta Air Lines; 92-21 Cronberg; 92-22,
92-23, 92-24, 92-25, 92-26 & 92-28 Delta Air Lines; 92-
33 Port Authority of NY & NJ; 92-42 Jayson; 92-43
Delta Air Lines; 92-44 Owens; 92-53 Humble 92-54 & 92-
55 Northwest Airlines; 92-60 Costello; 92-61
Romerdahl; 92-62 USAir; 92-63 Schaefer; 92-64 & 92-65
Delta Air Lines; 92-66 Sabre Associates & Moore; 92-79
Delta Air Lines; 93-1 Powell & Co.; 93-4 Harrah; 93-14
Fenske; 93-15 Brown; 93-21 Delta Air Lines; 93-22
Yannotone; 93-26 Delta Air Lines; 93-33 HPH Aviation;
94-9 B & G Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-11 Pan
American Airways; 94-13 Boyle; 94-14 B & G
Instruments; 94-16 Ford; 94-33 Trans World Airlines;
94-41 Dewey Towner; 94-42 Taylor; 95-1 Diamond
Aviation; 95-3 Delta Air Lines; 95-5 Araya; 95-6
Sutton; 95-7 Empire Airlines, 95-20 USAir; 95-21
Faisca; 95-24 Delta Air Lines; 96-7 Delta Air Lines;
96-8 Empire Airlines; 96-10 USAir; 96-11 USAir; 96-12
USAir; 96-21 Houseal; 97-4 [Airport Operator]; 97-5
WestAir; 97-25 Martin & Jaworski; 97-26 Delta Air
Lines; 97-27 Lock Haven; 97-39 Delta Air Lines; 98-9
Continental Express.
Assault (See also Battery, and Passenger Misconduct)... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer.
``Attempt''............................................ 89-5 Schultz.
Attorney Conduct:
Obstreperous or Disruptive......................... 94-39 Kirola.
Attorney Fees (See EAJA)
Aviation Safety Reporting System....................... 90-39 Hart; 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp.
Baggage Matching....................................... 98-6 Continental.
Balloon (Hot Air)...................................... 94-2 Woodhouse.
Bankruptcy............................................. 91-2 Continental Airlines.
Battery (See also Assault and Passenger Misconduct).... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer.
Certificates and Authorizations Surrender when revoked. 92-73 Wyatt.
Civil Air Security National Airport:
Inspection Program (CASNAIP)....................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator].
Civil Penalty Amount (See Sanction)
Closing Argument (See Final Oral Argument)
Collateral Estoppel.................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Complaint:
Complainant Bound By............................... 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller.
No Timely Answer to (See Answer)
Partial Dismissal/Full Sanction.................... 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Staleness (See Stale Complaint Rule)
Statute of Limitations (See Statute of Limitations)
Timeliness of complaint............................ 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth; 94-5 Grant.
Withdrawal of...................................... 94-39 Kirola; 95-6 Sutton.
Compliance & Enforcement Program:
(FAA Order No. 2150.3A)............................ 89-5 Schultz; 89-6 American Airlines; 91-38 Esau; 92-5
Delta Air Lines.
Compliance/Enforcement Bulletin 92-3............... 96-19 [Air Carrier]
Sanction Guidance Table............................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-37
Northwest Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 92-5 Delta Air Lines.
Concealment of Weapons (See Weapons Violations)
Consolidation of Cases................................. 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
Constitutionality of Regulations (See also Double 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
Jeopardy). 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
96-1 [Airport Operator]; 96-25 USAir; 97-16 Mauna Kea;
97-34 Continental Airlines; 98-6 Continental Airlines;
98-11 TWA.
Continuance of Hearing................................. 90-25 Gabbert; 92-29 Haggland.
Corrective Action (See Sanction)
Counsel:
Leave to withdraw.................................. 97-24 Gordon.
No right to assigned counsel (See Due Process)
Credibility of Witnesses:
Generally.......................................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters; 95-26 Hereth; 97-32 Florida
Propeller.
Bias............................................... 97-9 Alphin.
[[Page 37919]]
Defer to ALJ determination of...................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 95-26 Hereth;
97-20 Werle; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-32
Florida Propeller; 98-11 TWA.
Expert witnesses (See also Witnesses).............. 90-27 Gabbert; 93-17 Metcalf; 96-3 America West
Airlines.
Impeachment........................................ 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Reliability of Identification by eyewitnesses...... 97-20 Werle.
De Facto answer........................................ 92-32 Barnhill.
Delay in initiating action............................. 90-21 Carroll.
Deliberative Process Privilege......................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Deterrence............................................. 89-5 Schultz; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service; 97-1 Hampton.
Discovery:
Deliberative Process Privilege..................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Depositions, generally............................. 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Notice of deposition........................... 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Failure to Produce................................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation;
93-13 Costello.
Sanction for................................... 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Regarding unrelated case........................... 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
Double Jeopardy........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-26 Midtown.
Due Process:
Generally.......................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-8
Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopter.
Before finding a violation......................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Multiple violations................................ 96-26 Midtown; 97-9 Alphin.
No right to assigned counsel....................... 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9
Alphin.
Violation of....................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 9-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-8
Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters.
EAJA:
Adversary Adjudication............................. 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 91-52 KDS Aviation; 94-17 TCI; 95-
12 Toyota.
Amount of award.................................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Appeal from ALJ decision........................... 95-9 Woodhouse.
Expert witness fees................................ 95-27 Valley Air.
Final disposition.................................. 96-22 Woodhouse.
Further proceedings................................ 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Jurisdiction over appeal........................... 92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
Late-filed application......................... 96-22 Woodhouse.
Other expenses..................................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Position of agency................................. 95-27 Valley Air.
Prevailing party................................... 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Special circumstances.............................. 95-18 Pacific Sky.
Substantial justification.......................... 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-9 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific
Sky; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
Supplementation of application..................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Evidence (See Proof & Evidence)
Ex Parte Communications................................ 93-10 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-19 Rayner.
Expert Witnesses (See Witness)
Extension of Time:
By Agreement of Parties............................ 89-6 American Airlines; 92-41 Moore & Sabre Associates.
Dismissal by Decisionmaker......................... 89-7 Zenkner; 90-39 Hart.
Good Cause for..................................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories.
Objection to....................................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 93-3 Wendt.
Who may grant...................................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Federal Courts......................................... 92-27 West; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-8 Carr.
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure....................... 91-17 KDS Aviation.
Federal Rules of Evidence (See also Proof & Evidence):
Admissions......................................... 96-25 USAir.
Settlement Offers.................................. 95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir.
Subsequent Remedial Measures....................... 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Final Oral Argument.................................... 92-3 Park.
Firearms (See Weapons)
Ferry Flights.......................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Filing (See also Appeals; Timeliness)
Burden to prove date of filing..................... 97-11 Hampton Air; 98-1 V. Taylor.
Flight & Duty Time:
Circumstances beyond crew's control:
General........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Foreseeability................................. 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Late Freight................................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Weather........................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Competency check flights........................... 96-4 South Aero.
[[Page 37920]]
Limitation of Duty Time............................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
Limitation of Flight Time.......................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
``Other commercial flying''.................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Flights................................................ 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Freedom of Information Act............................. 93-10 Costello.
Fuel Exhaustion........................................ 95-26 Hereth.
Guns (See Weapons)
Ground Security Coordinator (See also Air Carrier; 96-16 WestAir Commuter.
Standard Security Program) Failure to provide.
Hazardous Materials:
Transportation of, generally....................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 92-77
TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling;
95-12 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
Civil Penalty, generally........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
Corrective Action.............................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota.
Culpability.................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
Financial hardship............................. 95-16 Mulhull.
Installment plan........................... 95-16 Mulhull.
First-time violation........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
Gravity of violation........................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown;
98-2 Carr.
Minimum penalty................................ 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
Number of violations........................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2 Carr.
Redundant violations........................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2 Carr.
Criminal Penalty................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling.
EAJA applicability of.............................. 94-17 TCI; 95-12 Toyota.
Individual violations.............................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Judicial review.................................... 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-8 Carr.
Knowingly.......................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-31 Smalling.
Specific hazard class transported:
Combustible:
Paint...................................... 95-16 Mulhall.
Corrosive:
Wet Battery................................ 94-28 Toyota Motor Sales.
Other...................................... 92-77 TCI.
Explosive:
Fireworks.................................. 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
Flammable:
Paint...................................... 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign.
Turpentine................................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Radioactive.................................... 94-19 Pony Express.
Informal Conference.................................... 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Initial Decision:
What constitutes................................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Interference with crewmembers (See also Passenger 92-3 Park; 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA; 98-12
Misconduct; Assault). Stout.
Interloctory Appeal.................................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 93-37
Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan.
Internal FAA Policy &/or Procedures.................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 92-
73 Wyatt.
Jurisdiction:
After initial decision............................. 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28
Strohl.
After Order Assessing Civil Penalty................ 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
After withdrawal of complaint...................... 94-39 Kirola.
$50,000 Limit...................................... 90-12 Continental Airlines.
EAJA cases......................................... 92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
HazMat cases....................................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
NTSB............................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
Knowledge of concealed weapon (See also Weapons 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Violation).
Laches (See Delay in initiating action)
Mailing Rule, generally................................ 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-39 Hart.
Overnight express delivery......................... 89-6 American Airlines.
Maintenance (See Aircraft Maintenance)
Maintenance Instruction................................ 93-36 Valley Air.
Maintenance Manual..................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 96-25 USAir.
Air carrier maintenance manual..................... 96-3 America West Airlines.
Approved/accepted repairs.......................... 96-3 America West Airlines.
Manufacturer's maintenance manual.................. 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-31 Sanford Air; 97-32
Florida Propeller.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL) (See Aircraft Maintenance)
Mootness, appeal dismissed as moot..................... 92-9 Griffin; 94-17 TCI.
National Aviation Safety Inspection Program (NASIP).... 90-16 Rocky Mountain.
National Transportation Safety Board Administrator not 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-18
bound by NTSB case law. Westair Commuter.
Lack of Jurisdiction............................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-17 Wilson; 92-74
Wendt.
[[Page 37921]]
Notice of Hearing:
Receipt............................................ 92-31 Eaddy.
Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty:
Initiates Action................................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Signature of agency attorney....................... 93-12 Langton.
Withdrawal of...................................... 90-17 Wilson.
Operate, generally..................................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
17 Fenner.
Responsibility of aircraft owner/operator for 96-17 Fenner.
actions of pilot.
Oral Argument before Administrator on appeal:
Decision to hold................................... 92-16 Wendt.
Instructions for................................... 92-27 Wendt.
Order Assessing Civil Penalty:
Appeal from........................................ 92-1 Costello; 95-19 Rayner.
Timeliness of request for hearing.................. 95-19 Rayner.
Withdrawal of...................................... 89-4 Metz; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 95-19
Rayner; 97-7 Stalling.
Parachuting............................................ 98-3 Fedele.
Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA):
Failure to obtain.................................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Passenger Misconduct................................... 92-3 Park.
Assault/Battery.................................... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA.
Interference with a crewmember..................... 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA; 98-12 Stout.
Smoking............................................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
Stowing carry-on items............................. 97-12 Mayer.
Penalty (See Sanction; Hazardous Materials)
Person................................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Prima Facie Case (See also Proof & Evidence)........... 95-26 Hereth; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Proof & Evidence (See also Federal Rules of Evidence):
Affirmative Defense................................ 92-13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 98-6
Continental Airlines.
Burden of Proof.................................... 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 92-
13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 93-29 Sweeney; 97-
32 Florida Propeller.
Circumstantial Evidence............................ 90-12, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 93-29
Sweeney; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-10 Alphin; 97-
11 Hampton; 97-2 Florida Propeller; 98-6 Continental
Airlines.
Credibility (See Administrative Law Judges;
Credibility of Witnesses)
Criminal standard rejected......................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Closing Arguments (See also Final Oral Argument)... 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Extra-record material.............................. 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
Hearsay............................................ 92-72 Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 98-11
TWA.
Offer of proof..................................... 97-32 Florida Propeller.
Preponderance of evidence.......................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
Airlines; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 97-72
Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-31
Sanford Air; 97-2 Florida Propeller; 98-3 Fedele; 98-6
Continental Airlines; 98-11 TWA.
Presumption that message on ATC tape is received as 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
transmitted.
Presumption that a gun is deadly or dangerous...... 90-26 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo.
Presumption that owner gave pilot permission....... 96-17 Fenner.
Prima facie case................................... 95-26 Hereth, 96-3 America West; 98-6 Continental
Airlines.
Settlement offer................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir.
Subsequent remedial measures....................... 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Substantial evidence............................... 92-72 Giuffrida.
Pro Se Parties:
Special Considerations............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 95-25
Conquest.
Prosecutorial Discretion............................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-8 Continental
Airlines; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 92-73 Wyatt; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
Administrator does not review Complainant's 98-2 Carr.
decision not to bring action against anyone but
respondent.
Reconsideration:
Denied by ALJ...................................... 89-4 & 90-3 Metz.
Granted by ALJ..................................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Late request for................................... 97-14 Pacific Aviation.
Petition based on new material..................... 96-23 Kilrain.
Repetitious petitions.............................. 96-9 [Airport Operator].
Stay of order pending.............................. 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
Redundancy, enhancing safety........................... 97-11 Hampton.
Remand................................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-24
Bayer; 91-51 Hagwood; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 92-1
Costello; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-37 Houston.
Repair Station......................................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 92-10 Flight Unlimited;
94-2 Woodhouse; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-31
Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
[[Page 37922]]
Request for Hearing.................................... 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Constructive withdrawal of......................... 97-7 Stalling.
Rules of Practice (14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G):
Applicability of................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS
Aviation.
Challenges to...................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21
Carroll; 90-37 Northwest Airlines.
Effect of Changes in............................... 90-21 Carroll; 90-22 USAir; 90-38 Continental Airlines.
Initiation of Action............................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Runway incursions...................................... 92-40 Wendt; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Sanction:
Ability to Pay..................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-10
Flight Unlimited; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-37 & 92-72
Giuffrida; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51
Koblick; 93-10 Costello; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft
Rental; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a
Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-11 Hampton; 97-16 Mauna
Kea; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-11 TWA.
Agency policy:
ALJ bound by................................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-19
[Air Carrier].
Changes after complaint........................ 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
Statements of (e.g., FAA Order 2150.3A, 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato;
Sanction Guidance Table, memoranda pertaining 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-4
to). South Aero; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-25 USAir.
Compliance Disposition............................. 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan.
Consistency with Precedent......................... 96-6 Ignatov; 96-26 Midtown; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
Airlines; 98-12 Stout.
When precedent is based on superceded sanction 96-19 [Air Carrier].
policy.
Corrective Action.................................. 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-
41 [Airport Operator]; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 93-18
Westair Commuter; 94-28 Toyota; 96-4 South Aero; 96-19
[Air Carrier]; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 97-23 Detroit
Metropolitan; 98-6 Continental Airlines.
Discovery (See Discovery)
Factors to consider................................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
91-3 Lewis; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-28
Toyota; 95-11 Horizon; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-26
Midtown; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 98-2 Carr.
First-Time Offenders............................... 89-5 Schultz; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 92-51 Koblick.
HazMat (See Hazardous Materials)
Inexperience....................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
Installment Payments............................... 96-16 Mulhall; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
Maintenance........................................ 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-8 Pacific
Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10
Alphin; 97-11 Hampton; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
Maximum............................................ 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Minimum (HazMat)................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
Modified........................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-38
Esau; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-13 Delta Air Lines;
92-32 Barnhill.
Partial Dismissal of Complaint/Full Sanction (See 94-14 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
also Complaint).
Sanctions in specific cases:
Unairworthy aircraft........................... 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9
Alphin.
Passenger/baggage matching..................... 98-6 Continental Airlines.
Passenger Misconduct........................... 97-12; 98-12 Stout.
Person evading screening (See also Screening).. 97-20 Werle.
Pilot Deviation................................ 92-8 Watkins.
Test object detection.......................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air
Carrier].
Unauthorized access............................ 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
94-1 Delta Air Lines; 98-7 LAX.
Weapons Violations............................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-
32 Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-5
Grant; 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
Screening of Persons:
Air carrier failure to detect weapon:
Sanction....................................... 94-44 American Airlines.
Air carrier failure to match bag with passenger.... 98-6 Continental Airlines.
Entering Sterile Areas............................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl; 97-20 Werle.
Sanction for individual evading screening (See also 97.20 Werle.
Sanction).
Security (See Screening of Persons, Standard Security
Program, Test Object Detection, Unauthorized Access,
Weapons Violations)
Sealing of Record...................................... 97-13 Westair Commuter; 97-28 Continental Airlines.
Separation of Functions................................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
Continental Airlines; 93-13 Medel.
Service (See also Mailing Rule; Receipt):
[[Page 37923]]
Of NPCP............................................ 90-22 USAir; 97-20 Werle.
Of FNPCP........................................... 93-13 Medel.
Receipt of document sent by mail................... 92-31 Eaddy.
Return of certified mail........................... 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
Valid Service...................................... 92-18 Bargen.
Settlement............................................. 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall.
Skydiving.............................................. 98-3 Fedele.
Smoking................................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg.
Stale Complaint Rule:
If NPCP not sent................................... 97-20 Werle.
Standard Security Program (SSP):
Compliance with.................................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta
Air lines; 91-55 Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1
Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Ground Security Coordinator........................ 96-16 Westair Commuter.
Statute of Limitations................................. 97-20 Werle.
Stay or Orders......................................... 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
Pending judicial review............................ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
Strict Liability....................................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-18 [Airport Operator];
91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 97-
23 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-7 LAX.
Test Object Detection.................................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-9 & 91-55 Continental Airlines;
92-13 Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
Proof of violation................................. 90-18, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 92-13 Delta
Air Lines.
Sanction........................................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air
Carrier].
Timeliness (See also complaint; Filing; Mailing Rule;
and Appeals):
Burden to prove date of filing..................... 97-11 Hampton Air; 98-1 V. Taylor.
Of response to NPCP................................ 90-22 USAir.
Of complaint....................................... 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth.
Of initial decision................................ 97-31 Sanford Air.
Of NPCP............................................ 92-73 Wyatt.
Of reply brief..................................... 97-11 Hampton.
Of request for hearing............................. 93-12 Langton; 95-19 Rayner.
Of EAJA application (See EAJA-Final disposition,
EAJA-Jurisdiction)
Unapproved Parts (See also Parts Manufacturer Approval) 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Unauthorized Access:
To aircraft........................................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 94-1 Delta Air
Lines.
To Air Operations Area (AOA)....................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
Visual Cues Indicating Runway, Adequacy of............. 92-40 Wendt.
Weapons Violations, generally.......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23
Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3
Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59
Petek-Jackson; 94-5 Grant; 94-44 American Airlines.
Concealed weapon................................... 89-5 Schultz; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick.
``Deadly or Dangerous''............................ 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-39 Esau.
First-time Offenders............................... 89-5 Schultz.
Intent to commit violation......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-53 Koller.
Knowledge:
Of Weapon Concealment (See also Knowledge)..... 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Sanction (See Sanction)
Weight and Balance..................................... 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Witnesses (See also Credibility):
Absence of, Failure to subpoena.................... 92-3 Park; 98-2 Carr.
Expert testimony:
Evaluation of.................................. 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-21 Sweeney; 96-3
America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-9 Alphin;
97-32 Florida Propeller.
Expert witness fees (See EAJA)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Regulations (Title 14 CFR, unless otherwise noted)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.1 (maintenance)...................................... 94-38 Bohan; 97-11 Hampton.
1.1 (major repair)..................................... 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (minor repair)..................................... 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (operate).......................................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
17 Fenner.
1.1 (person)........................................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1.1 (propeller)........................................ 95-15 Valley Air.
[[Page 37924]]
13.16.................................................. 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 90-38 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 91-18;
[Airport Operator]; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-1 Costello; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-27
Larsen; 94-37 Houston; 94-31 Smalling; 95-19 Rayner;
96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-9
Alphin.
13.201................................................. 90-12 Continental Airlines.
13.202................................................. 90-6 American Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment.
13.203................................................. 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
Continental Airlines.
13.204
13.205................................................. 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-32 Barnhill; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan;
94-39 Kirola; 95-16 Mulhall; 97-20 Werle.
13.206
13.207................................................. 94-39 Kirola.
13.208................................................. 90-21 Carroll; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-73 Wyatt; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-7 Hereth; 97-
20 Werle; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
13.209................................................. 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 92-
32 Barhnill; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 94-8 Nunez; 94-5 Grant; 94-22 Harkins; 94-
29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 95-10 Diamond; 94-29
Atlantic World Airways; 97-7 Stalling; 97-18 Robinson;
97-33 Rawlings.
13.210................................................. 92-19 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-
7 Dunn; 93-28 Strohl; 94-5 Grant; 94-30 Columna; 95-28
Atlantic World Airways; 96-17 Fenner; 97-11 Hampton;
97-18 Robinson; 97-38 Air St. Thomas.
13.211................................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39 Hart; 91-24 Esau; 92-1
Costello; 92-9 Griffin; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-57 Detroit Metro. Wayne County Airport; 92-74
Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-2 Wendt; 94-5 Grant;
94-18 Luxemburg; 94-29 Sutton; 95-12 Toyota; 95-28
Valley Air; 97-7 Stalling; 97-11 Hampton; 98-4 Larry's
Flying Service.
13.212................................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-2 Continental
Airlines.
13.213
13.214................................................. 91-3 Lewis.
13.215................................................. 93.28 Strohl; 94-39 Kirola.
13.216
13.217................................................. 91-17 KDS Aviation.
13.218................................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-39 Hart; 92-9 Griffin; 92-73 Wyatt; 93-19 Pacific
Sky Supply; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37 Houston;
95-18 Rayner; 96-16 WestAir; 96-24 Horizon.
13.219................................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-
54 Alaska Airlines; 93-37 Airspect; 94-32 Detroit
Metro. Wayne Airport.
13.220................................................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-20 Carroll; 91-8 Watts
Agricultural Aviation; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
13.221................................................. 92-29 Haggland; 92-31 Eaddy; 92-52 Cullop.
13.222................................................. 92-72 Giuffrida; 96-15 Valley Air.
13.223................................................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72 Giuffrida; 95-26
Hereth; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-11 Hampton; 97-31 Sanford
Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-3 Fedele; 98-6
continental Airlines.
13.224................................................. 90-26 Waddell; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 92-72
Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-28 Toyota; 95-25
Conquest; 96-17 Fenner; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-6
Continental Airlines.
13.225................................................. 97-32 Florida Propeller.
13.226
13.227................................................. 90-21 Carroll; 95-26 Hereth.
13.228................................................. 92-3 Park.
13.229
13.230................................................. 92-19 Cornwall; 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
13.231................................................. 92-3 Park.
13.232................................................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-1 Costello; 92-18
Bargen; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28 Strohl; 94-28 Toyota; 95-
12 Toyota; 95-16 Mullhall; 96-6 Ignatov.
[[Page 37925]]
13.233................................................. 89-1 Gressani; 89-4 Metz; 89-5 Schultz; 89-7 Zenkner;
89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-19 Continental Airlines;
90-20 Degenhardt; 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 90-35 P.
Adams; 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-39 Hart; 91-2
Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-7 Pardue; 91-8
Watts Agricultural Aviation; 91-10 Graham; 91-11
Continental Airlines; 91-12 Bargen; 91-24 Esau; 91-26
Britt Airways; 91-31 Terry & Menne; 91-32 Bargen; 91-
43 & 91-44 Delta; 91-45 Park; 91-46 Delta; 91-47
Delta; 91-48 Wendt; 91-52 KDS Aviation; 91-53 Koller;
92-1 Costello; 92-3 Park; 92-7 West; 92-11 Alilin; 92-
15 Dillman; 92-16 Wendt; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
92-27 Wendt; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay
Land Aviation; 92-36 Southwest Airlines; 92-39 Beck;
92-45 O'Brien; 92-52 Beck; 92-56 Montauk Caribbean
Airways; 92-57 Detroit Metro. Wayne Co. Airport; 92-67
USAir; 92-69 McCabe; 92-72 Giuffrida; 92-74 Wendt; 92-
78 TWA; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-7 Dunn;
93-8 Nunez; 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 93-23 Allen; 93-
27 Simmons; 93-28 Strohl; 93-31 Allen; 93-32 Nunez; 94-
9 B & G Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-12 Bartusiak;
94an15 Columna; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-23 Perez; 94-24
Page; 94-26 French Aircraft; 94-28 Toyota; 95-2
Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-13 Kilrain; 95-23 Atlantic
World Airways; 95-25 Conquest; 95-26 Hereth; 96-1
[Airport Operator; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 97-1 Midtown
Neon Sign; 97-2 Sanford Air; 97-7 Stalling; 97-22
Sanford Air; 97-24 Gordon Air; 97-31 Sanford Air; 97-
33 Rawlings; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-4 Larry's Flying
Service; 98-3 Fedele; Continental Airlines 98-6; LAX
98-7; 98-10 Rawlings.
13.234................................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 & 90-
38 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 95-
12 Toyota; 96-9 [Airport Operator]; 96-23 Kilrain.
13.235................................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
Airlines; 90-15 Playter; 90-17 Wilson; 92-7 West.
Part 14................................................ 92-74 & 93-2 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
14.01.................................................. 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation.
14.04.................................................. 91-17, 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-10 Costello; 95-
27 Valley Air.
14.05.................................................. 90-17 Wilson.
14.12.................................................. 95-27 Valley Air.
14.20.................................................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 96-22 Woodhouse.
14.22.................................................. 93-29 Sweeney.
14.26.................................................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 95-27 Valley Air.
14.28.................................................. 95-9 Woodhouse.
21.181................................................. 96-25 USAir.
21.303................................................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
25.787................................................. 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
25.855................................................. 92-37 Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
39.3................................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
43.3................................................... 92-73 Wyatt; 97-31 Sanford Air.
43.5................................................... 96-18 Kilrain; 97-31 Sanford Air.
43.9................................................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 97-31 Sanford Air; 98-
4 Larry's Flying Service.
43.13.................................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38
Bohan; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-25 USAir; 97-9
Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines;
97-31 Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
43.15.................................................. 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 96-18 Kilrain.
65.15.................................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
65.92.................................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
91.7................................................... 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-16
Mauna Kea.
91.8 (91.11 as of 8/18/90)............................. 92-3 Park.
91.9 (91.13 as of 8/18/90)............................. 90-15 Playter; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8
Watkins; 92-40 Wendt; 92-48 USAir; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-70 USAir; 93-9 Wendt; 93-17
Metcalf; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-29
Sutton; 95-26 Hereth; 96-17 Fenner.
91.11.................................................. 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-12 Stout.
91.29 (91.7 as of 8/18/90)............................. 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
91.65 (91.111 as of 8/18/90)........................... 91-29 Sweeney; 94-21 Sweeney.
91.67 (91.113 as of 8/18/90)........................... 91-29 Sweeney.
91.71.................................................. 97-11 Hampton.
91.75 (91.123 as of 8/18/90)........................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-40 Wendt;
92-49 Richardson & Shimp, 93-9 Wendt.
91.79 (91.119 as of 8/18/90)........................... 90-15 Playter; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
91.87 (91.129 as of 8/18/90)........................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins.
[[Page 37926]]
91.103................................................. 95-26 Hereth.
91.111................................................. 96-17 Fenner.
91.113................................................. 96-17 Fenner.
91.151................................................. 95-26 Hereth.
91.173 (91.417 as of 8/18/90).......................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
91.213................................................. 97-11 Hampton.
91.403................................................. 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-31
Sanford Air.
91.405................................................. 97-16 Mauna Kea; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
91.407................................................. 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
91.517................................................. 98-12 Stout.
91.703................................................. 94-29 Sutton.
105.29................................................. 98-3 Fedele.
107.1.................................................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-4
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 98-7
LAX.
107.9.................................................. 98-7 LAX.
107.13................................................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport
Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
Operator]; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit
Metropolitan; 98-7 LAX.
107.20................................................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl; 97-20 Werle.
107.21................................................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-22 Degenhardt; 90-23
Broyles; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-39
Hart; 91-3 Lewis; 91-10 Graham; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38
Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59 Petek-Jackson;
94-5 Grant; 94-31 Smalling; 97-7 Stalling.
107.25................................................. 94-30 Columna.
108.5.................................................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-2 & 91-9 Continental Airlines;
91-33 Delta Air Lines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 91-55
Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 94-
4 American Airlines; 96-16 WestAir; 96-19 [Air
Carrier].
108.7.................................................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
108.10................................................. 96-16 WestAir.
108.11................................................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-26 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 94-44 American Airlines.
108.13................................................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
108.18................................................. 98-6 Continental Airlines.
121.133................................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines.
121.153................................................ 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West
Airlines; 96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir; 97-21 Delta; 97-
30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
121.221................................................ 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
121.317................................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg.
121.318................................................ 92.37 Giuffrida.
121.367................................................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 96-25 USAir.
121.571................................................ 92.37 Giuffrida.
121.575................................................ 98-11 TWA.
121.577................................................ 98-11 TWA.
121.589................................................ 97-12 Mayer.
121.628................................................ 95-11 Horizon; 97-21 Delta; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
Airlines.
135.1.................................................. 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-25 Conquest.
135.5.................................................. 94-3 Valley Air; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-25
Conquest; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.25................................................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-3 Valley Air; 95-27 Valley
Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.63................................................. 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service;
95-28 Atlantic; 96-4 South Aero.
135.87................................................. 90-21 Carroll.
135.95................................................. 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.179................................................ 97-11 Hampton.
135.185................................................ 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
135.263................................................ 95-9 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
135.267................................................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-
4 South Aero.
135.293................................................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-4 South Aero.
135.343................................................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.411................................................ 97-11 Hampton.
135.413................................................ 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/
a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-16 Mauna Kea.
135.421................................................ 93-36 Valley Air; 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.437................................................ 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
145.1.................................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.3.................................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.25................................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.45................................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.47................................................. 97-10 Alphin.
145.49................................................. 97-10 Alphin.
[[Page 37927]]
145.53................................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
145.57................................................. 94-2 Woodhouse; 97-9 Alphin; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
145.61................................................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
191.................................................... 90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 98-6 Continental Airlines.
298.1.................................................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
302.8.................................................. 90-22 USAir.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
49 CFR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.47................................................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
171 et seq............................................. 95-10 Diamond.
171.2.................................................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
171.8.................................................. 92-77 TCI.
172.101................................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown.
172.200................................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown;
98-2 Carr.
172.202................................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
172.203................................................ 94/28 Toyota.
172.204................................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
172.300................................................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown; 98-2
Carr.
172.301................................................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
172.304................................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
172.400................................................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
172.402................................................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.406................................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.1.................................................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
98-2 Carr.
173.3.................................................. 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
173.6.................................................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.22(a).............................................. 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
173.24................................................. 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall.
173.25................................................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.27................................................. 92-77 TCI.
173.62................................................. 98-2 Carr.
173.115................................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.240................................................ 92-77 TCI.
173.243................................................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.260................................................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.266................................................ 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
175.25................................................. 94-31 Smalling.
191.5.................................................. 97-13 Westair Commuter.
191.7.................................................. 97-13 Westair Commuter.
821.30................................................. 92-73 Wyatt.
821.33................................................. 90-21 Carroll.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Statutes
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 U.S.C.:
504................................................ 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 92-74, 93-2 &
93-9 Wendt; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-17 TCI; 95-27 Valley
Air; 96-22 Woodhouse.
552................................................ 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 93-10
Costello.
554................................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 95-12
Toyota.
556................................................ 90-21 Carroll; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
557................................................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-21 Carroll; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 94-28 Toyota.
705................................................ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
5332............................................... 95-27 Valley Air.
11 U.S.C.:
362................................................ 92-2 Continental Airlines.
28 U.S.C.:
2412............................................... 93-10 Costello 96-22 Woodhouse.
2462............................................... 90-21 Carroll.
49 U.S.C.:
5123............................................... 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 & 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2
Carr.
40102.............................................. 96-17 Fenner.
44701.............................................. 96-6 Ignatov; 96-17 Fenner.
44704.............................................. 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air.
46110.............................................. 96-22 Woodhouse; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign.
46301.............................................. 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 97-20 Werle.
46303.............................................. 97-7 Stalling.
49 U.S.C. App.:
[[Page 37928]]
1301(31) (operate)................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
(32) (person).................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1356............................................... 90-18 & 90-19, 91-2 Continental Airlines.
1357............................................... 90-18, 90-19 & 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator].
1421............................................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-48 USAir; 92-70 USAir; 93-9
Wendt.
1429............................................... 92-73 Wyatt.
1471............................................... 89-5 Schultz, 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12, 90-
18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
& 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
90-39 Hart; 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis, 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-53 Koller; 92-5 Delta Air
Lines; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter;
92-51 Koblick; 92-74 Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-
20 Conquest Helicopters; 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 96-
6 Ignatov; 97-7 Stalling.
1472............................................... 96-6 Ignatov.
1475............................................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18, 90-
19 & 91-1 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
1486............................................... 90-21 Carroll; 96-22 Woodhouse.
1809............................................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-12 Toyota.
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator--Digests
(Current as of June 30, 1998)
The digests of the Administrator's final decisions and orders are
arranged by order number, and briefly summarize key points of the
decision. The following compilation of digests includes all final
decisions and orders issued by the Administrator from April 1, 1998, to
June 30, 1998. The FAA will publish non-cumulative supplements to this
compilation on a quarterly basis (e.g., April, July, October, and
January of each year).
These digests do not constitute legal authority, and should not be
cited or relied upon as such. The digests are not intended to serve as
a substitute for proper legal research. Parties, attorneys, and other
interested persons should always consult the full text of the
Administrator's decisions before citing them in any context.
In the Matter of Continental Airlines
Order No. 98-6 (4/7/98)
Standard of Review. Nowhere do the Rules of Practice state that the
Administrator may only reverse a law judge's findings if they are
``clearly erroneous and unsupported by any evidence.'' Under the Rules,
reversal may be appropriate if the law judge's findings of fact are
unsupported by a preponderance of reliable, probative, and substantial
evidence.
Passenger/baggage matching. The law judge erred in finding that
Complainant failed to prove that Continental did not carry out its
passenger/baggage match procedures. Continental admitted in a letter
that it failed to perform its passenger/baggage match procedures and
that it could not refute the allegations. Hence, a preponderance of the
evidence indicates that Continental violated the security directive
requiring passenger/baggage matching.
Sanction. It is unnecessary to delay the resolution of the case by
remanding it to the law judge for sanction determination. The matter is
straightforward and the record is clear. A penalty in the maximum range
($7,500 to $10,000 for large air carriers) is appropriate when an air
carrier fails to comply with its security program. Due to the
corrective action taken by Continental, the lowest penalty in the
maximum range is appropriate. A civil penalty of $7,500 for a violation
of 14 CFR 107.13(a) is assessed.
In the Matter of City of Los Angeles, Department of Airports
Order No. 98-7 (4/7/98)
Appealable Issue. LAX's appeal challenges the law judge's
application of the law to the case. Thus, LAX has raised an appealable
issue.
Transfer of Responsibility for Airport Security. Contrary to LAX's
claim, a proposed airport security program amendment that transfers
away crucial security responsibilities cannot be approved by default.
Thus, LAX is responsible for the breach in airport security in the
instant case, in which an unbadged FAA security agent gained access to
a restricted-access elevator and the air operations area. the law
judge's decision assessing a $500 civil penalty for a violation of 14
CFR 107.13(a) is affirmed.
In the Matter of Paul A. Carr
Order No. 98-8 (5/4/98)
Order No. 98-2 Modified. Footnote 27 of FAA Order No. 98-2 is
modified to omit footnote 27 in which it was stated that Respondent may
petition a Federal Court of Appeals for review under 49 U.S.C. 46110.
The footnote is deleted because that statutory provision does not apply
to hazardous materials cases initiated under 49 U.S.C. 5123 (such as
this case.)
In the Matter of Continental Express
Order No. 98-9 (5/4/98)
Appeal Dismissed. Complainant and Respondent filed a joint motion
to withdraw their appeals. Joint motion is granted.
In the Matter of Daniel Rawlings
Order No. 98-10 (5/8/98)
Failure to Perfect Appeal. By FAA Order No. 97-33, Mr. Rawlings was
ordered to perfect his appeal by filing an appeal brief by November 25,
1997. Mr. Rawlings failed to file an appeal brief. Accordingly,
Rawlings' appeal is dismissed under 14 CFR 13.233(d)(2).
In the Matter of Trans World Airlines
Order No. 98-11 (6/16/98)
Intoxicated Passenger. The law judge ruled that TWA violated 14 CFR
121.575(c), by allowing a passenger to board an aircraft although she
appeared intoxicated, and 14 CFR 121.575(b)(1), by serving alcoholic
beverages to her during the flight while she appeared intoxicated.
Further, the law judge held that TWA violated 14 CFR 121.575(d) by
failing to report the disturbance created by the apparently intoxicated
passenger to the FAA, and 14 CFR 121.577(a) by taking off without first
collecting a champagne glass from this passenger. TWA appeals from the
law judge's findings and assessment of a $40,000 civil penalty. The
Administrator denies TWA's appeal.
Constitutionality of the Appearance of Intoxication Standard. The
[[Page 37929]]
Administrator declines to rule on whether 14 CFR 121.575(c) and (b)(1)
were unconstitutionally vague, holding that such constitutional
challenges belong in a Federal court of appeals. The Administrator
holds that the flight crew in this case understood the standard
``appears intoxicated'' and that the preponderance of the evidence
supports the law judge's findings that TWA (1) allowed the passenger to
board when she appeared intoxicated, and (2) served alcoholic beverages
to this passenger when she appeared intoxicated. The evidence of an
appearance of intoxication included: (1) the passenger was loud and
verbally abusive to the flight attendants and her daughter; (2) the
passenger was drinking alcoholic beverages on board; (3) the flight
crew had a difficult time keeping the passenger in her seat; (4) the
passenger at times was unable to control her anger and at other times
wept in the arms of a flight attendant.
Responsibility for the Actions of Employees. The Administrator
rejected TWA's argument that it should not be held responsible for the
actions of its flight crew because the crew acted contrary to the
regulations and TWA policy. An employer, in this case, an air carrier,
is responsible for the acts or omissions of its employees acting in the
scope of their employment. In this case, the flight crew was acting in
the scope of their authority, but they exercised poor judgment.
Penalty. The Administrator affirms the $40,000 civil penalty.
In the Matter of David G. Stout
Order No. 98-12 (6/16/98)
Sanction in Passenger Misconduct Case. Mr. Stout refused to follow
the flight attendant's repeated instructions to fasten his seat belt,
and refused to return the flight attendant's security badge to her.
Complainant appealed, arguing that the law judge incorrectly reduced
the civil penalty from the $3,000 sought by the agency to $1,700.
Complainant argues that the law judge improperly failed to defer to the
FAA inspector's sanction determination and failed to consider the
extent and egregiousness of Mr. Stout's misconduct. Nothing in the
Rules of Practice, however, requires law judges to defer to an FAA
inspector's sanction determination. The agency bears the burden of
proving the appropriate sanction amount. Although Mr. Stout's behavior
cannot be minimized or condoned, the sanction imposed by the law judge
is consistent with precedent and is sufficient under the circumstances.
The agency's appeal is denied and the law judge's decision assessing a
$1,700 civil penalty is affirmed.
In the Matter of Air St. Thomas
Order No. 98-13 (6/16/98)
Reconsideration Denied. Air St. Thomas allegedly operated an
aircraft on 560 air carrier flights with deactivated and partially
dismantled carburetor heat systems. After Air St. Thomas failed to file
both an answer and a response to the law judge's order to show cause,
the law judge entered a $20,000 default judgment. Air St. Thomas then
filed a notice of appeal, but it was late, leading the Administrator to
dismiss Air St. Thomas's appeal. Air St. Thomas then filed a petition
for reconsideration.
The Administrator granted Air St. Thomas an additional opportunity
to show good cause for the lateness of its appeal, and Air St. Thomas
has filed a brief explaining that its President misread the law judge's
order and thought that the case against it had been dismissed. Air St.
Thomas's brief also explains that its president is confused by legal
matters, but chose not to hire an attorney because he thought his money
would be better spent maintaining his aircraft.
Air St. Thomas has filed to show good cause for the lateness of its
notice of appeal. Air St. Thomas's petition for reconsideration is
denied, and a $20,000 civil penalty is assessed.
Commercial Reporting Services of the Administrator's--Civil Penalty
Decisions and Orders
1. Commercial Publications: The Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty cases are available in the following commercial
publications:
Civil Penalty Cases Digest Service, published by Hawkins Publishing
Company, Inc., P.O. Box 480, Mayo, MD, 21106, (410) 798-1677;
Federal Aviation Decisions, Clark Boardman Callaghan, a subsidiary of
West Information Publishing Company, 50 Broad Street East, Rochester,
NY 14694, 1-800-221-9428.
2. CD-ROM. The Administrator's order and decisions are available on
CD-ROM through Aeroflight Publications, P.O. Box 854, 433 Main Street,
Gruver, TX 79040, (806) 733-2483.
3. On-Line Services. The Administrator's decisions and orders in
civil penalty cases are available through the following on-line
services:
Westlaw (the Database ID is FTRAN-FAA).
LEXIS [Transportation (TRANS) Library, FAA file.].
Compuserve.
FedWorld.
Docket
The FAA Hearing Docket is located at FAA Headquarters, 800
Independence Avenue, SW., Room 926A, Washington, DC 20591 (tel. no.
202-267-3641.) The clerk of the FAA Hearing Docket is Ms. Stephanie
McClain. Materials contained in the dockets of any case not containing
sensitive security information (protected by 14 CFR Part 191) may be
viewed at the FAA Hearing Docket. All documents required to be filed in
civil penalty proceedings must be filed with the FAA hearing Docket
Clerk at the FAA Hearing Docket. (See 14 CFR 13.210.)
In addition, materials filed in the FAA Hearing Docket in non-
security cases in which the complaints were filed on or after December
1, 1997, will also be available for inspection at the Department of
Transportation Docket, located at 400 7th Street, SW, Room PL-401,
Washington, DC, 20590, (tel. no. 202-366-9329.) While the originals
will be retained in the FAA Hearing Docket, the DOT Docket will scan
copies of documents in non-security cases in which the complaint was
filed after December 1, 1997, into their computer database. Individuals
who have access to the Internet can view the materials in these dockets
using the following Internet address: http://dms.dot.gov.
FAA Offices
The Administrator's decisions and orders, indexes, and digests are
available for public inspection and copying at the following location
in FAA headquarters:
FAA Hearing Docket, Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence
Avenue, SW., Room 924A, Washington, DC 20591; (202) 267-3641.
These materials are also available at all FAA regional and center
legal offices at the following locations:
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Aeronautical Center (AMC-7),
Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, 6500 South MacArthur Blvd.,
Oklahoma City, OK 73125, (405) 954-3296.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Alaskan Region (AAL-7),
Alaskan Region Headquarters, 222 West 7th Avenue, Anchorage, AL
99513; (907) 271-5269.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Central Region (ACE-7),
Central Region Headquarters, 601 East 12th Street, Federal Building,
Kansas City, MO 64106; (816) 426-5446.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Eastern Region (AEA-7),
Eastern Region
[[Page 37930]]
Headquarters, JFK International Airport, Federal Building, Jamaica,
NY 11430; (718) 553-3285.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Great Lakes Region (AGL-7),
2300 East Devon Avenue, Suite 419, Des Plaines, IL 60018; (708) 294-
7108.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the New England Region (ANE-7),
New England Region Headquarters, 12 New England Executive Park, Room
401, Burlington, MA 01803-5299; (617) 238-7050.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Northwest Mountain Region
(ANM-7), Northwest Mountain Region Headquarters, 1601 Lind Avenue,
SW, Renton, WA 98055-4056; (206) 227-2007.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Southern Region (ASO-7),
Southern Region Headquarters, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA
30337; (404) 305-5200.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Southwest Region (ASW-7),
Southwest Region Headquarters, 2601 Meacham Blvd., Forth Worth TX
76137-4298; (817) 222-5087.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Technical Center (ACT-7),
Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic City
International Airport, Atlantic City, NJ 08405; (609) 485-7087.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Western-Pacific Region (AWP-
7), Western-Pacific Region Headquarters, 15000 Aviation Boulevard,
Lawndale, CA 90261; (310) 725-7100.
Issued in Washington, DC on July 6, 1998.
James S. Dillman,
Assistant Chief Counsel.
[FR Doc. 98-18706 Filed 7-10-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M
