97-19698. Airport Security  

  • [Federal Register Volume 62, Number 148 (Friday, August 1, 1997)]
    [Proposed Rules]
    [Pages 41760-41792]
    From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
    [FR Doc No: 97-19698]
    
    
    
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    Part V
    
    
    
    
    
    Department of Transportation
    
    
    
    
    
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    Federal Aviation Administration
    
    
    
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    14 CFR Parts 107 and 139
    
    
    
    Airport Security; Proposed Rule
    
    Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 148 / Friday, August 1, 1997 / 
    Proposed Rules
    
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    DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
    
    Federal Aviation Administration
    
    14 CFR Parts 107 and 139
    
    [Docket No. 28979; Notice No. 97-13]
    RIN 2120-AD-46
    
    
    Airport Security
    
    AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
    
    ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
    
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    SUMMARY: This notice proposes to amend the existing airport security 
    rules. It would revise certain applicability provisions, definitions, 
    and terms; reorganize these rules into subparts containing related 
    requirements; and incorporate some requirements already implemented in 
    airport security programs. This proposed revision also would 
    incorporate certain new measures that would provide for better 
    security. Specifically, this proposal would more clearly define the 
    areas of the airport in which security interests are the most critical 
    and where security measures should be the most stringent. It would 
    modify access control requirements by allowing secondary access media, 
    modify escort procedures for individuals without access authority, and 
    expand the requirement for an identification system to include a 
    challenge system. Further, it would clarify the following: training 
    requirements for airport security personnel; the role of the airport 
    security coordinator; procedures for airport operators to comply with 
    Federal Aviation Administration security directives; procedures for 
    responding to and evaluating threats; and the need to review and test 
    security contingency plans. The intent of this proposal is to enhance 
    security for the traveling public, air carriers, and persons employed 
    by or conducting business at public airports by increasing awareness of 
    and compliance with civil aviation security measures.
    
    DATES: Comments must be submitted on or before December 1, 1997.
    
    ADDRESSES: Comments on this proposed rulemaking should be mailed or 
    delivered, in triplicate, to: Federal Aviation Administration, Office 
    of the Chief Counsel, Attention: Rules Docket (AGC-10), Room 915-G, 
    Docket No. 28979, 800 Independence Ave., SW., Washington, DC 20591. 
    Comments may also be sent electronically to the following internet 
    address: [email protected] Comments may be examined in Room 915-
    G between 8:30 a.m. and 5 p.m. weekdays, except Federal holidays.
    
    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Office of Civil Aviation Security 
    Policy and Planning, Civil Aviation Security Division (ACP-100), Penny 
    Anderson, Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Ave. SW., 
    Washington, DC 20591; telephone (202) 267-3418.
    
    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 
    
    Comments Invited
    
        Interested persons are invited to participate in this rulemaking by 
    submitting such written data, views, or arguments as they may desire. 
    Comments relating to the environmental, energy, federalism, or economic 
    impact that might result from adopting the proposals in this document 
    are also invited. Substantive comments should be accompanied by cost 
    estimates. Comments should identify the regulatory docket or notice 
    number and should be submitted in triplicate to the Rules Docket (see 
    ADDRESSES). All comments received, as well as a report summarizing each 
    substantive public contact with FAA personnel on this rulemaking, will 
    be filed in the docket. The docket is available for public inspection 
    before and after the comment closing date. All comments received on or 
    before the closing date will be considered by the Administrator before 
    taking action on this proposed rulemaking. Late-filed comments will be 
    considered to the extent practicable. The proposals contained in this 
    document may be changed in light of comments received. Comments 
    received on this proposal will be available, both before and after the 
    closing date for comments in the Rules Dockets for examination by 
    interested persons. However, the Assistant Administrator for Civil 
    Aviation Security has determined that the airport security programs 
    required by part 107 contain sensitive security information. As such, 
    the availability of information pertaining to airport security programs 
    is governed by 14 CFR Part 191 (Withholding Security Information from 
    Disclosure under the Air Transportation Security Act of 1974).
        Comments wishing the FAA to acknowledge receipt of their comment 
    must include a self-addressed, stamped postcard on which the following 
    statement is made: ``Comments to Docket No. 28979.'' The postcard will 
    be date-stamped and mailed to the commenter.
    
    Availability of NPRM
    
        Any person may obtain a copy of this NPRM by submitting a request 
    to the Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Rulemaking, ARM-1, 
    800 Independence Ave., SW., Washington, DC 20591, or by calling (202) 
    267-9677. Communications must identify the notice number of this NPRM.
        An electronic copy of this document may be downloaded using a modem 
    and suitable communications software from the FAA regulations section 
    of the Fedworld electronic bulletin board service (telephone: 703-321-
    3339) or the Office of the Federal Register's electronic bulletin board 
    service (telephone: 202-512-1661). Internet users may reach the FAA's 
    webpage at http://www.faa.gov or the Office of the Federal Register's 
    webpage at http://www.access.gpo.gov/su__docs for access to recently 
    published rulemaking documents. Persons interested in being placed on 
    the mailing list for future NPRM's should request from the above office 
    a copy of Advisory Circular No. 11-2A, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 
    Distribution System, which describes the application procedure.
    
    Background
    
        This proposed rule was written before the tragic crash of TWA 800 
    on July 17, 1996. That accident raised concerns about the safety and 
    security of civil aviation, leading the President to create the White 
    House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security, headed by the Vice 
    President. The Commission issued an initial report on September 9, 
    1996, with 20 specific recommendations for improving security. On 
    February 12, 1997, the Commission issued its Final Report with 57 
    recommendations, 31 of which deal with improving security for 
    travelers. In addition, the Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 
    1996 (Pub. L. 104-264) was signed on October 9, 1996, and directs the 
    FAA to amend rules to upgrade civil aviation security.
        The FAA is working to respond to the recommendations of the 
    Commission and to carry out the legislation, and has issued several 
    proposals. On March 11, 1997, an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 
    on the certification of screening companies was issued (62 FR 12724, 
    March 17, 1997), and on March 14, 1997, the FAA issued a Notice of 
    Proposed Rulemaking on employment history; verification and criminal 
    records checks (62 FR 13262, March 19, 1997).
        The rules proposed in this notice were not written in response to 
    the Commission or the Reauthorization Act.
    
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    However, this notice, which proposes to update the overall regulatory 
    structure for airport and air carrier security, is the result of a 
    multi-year effort involving the FAA, airports and air carriers, and the 
    Aviation Security Advisory Committee. The extensive proposed revisions 
    are considered to be consistent with the intentions of the mandates, 
    contain proposals that industry has identified as necessary or 
    appropriate, and outline a new organization for the regulations that 
    would assist in developing future changes to the rules. For these 
    reasons, the FAA is publishing this proposed rule for comment. The FAA 
    anticipates that any final rule based on this proposal will incorporate 
    responses to these mandates.
    
    Terrorist Incidents
    
        In response to a rise of hijacking incidents, and to ensure the 
    security of airports serving scheduled air carriers, the Federal 
    Aviation Administration (FAA) issued 14 Code of Federal Regulations 
    (CFR) part 107 on March 18, 1972. The rule required each airport 
    operator to implement prescribed security measures by developing and 
    observing an airport-specific security program. Part 107 has been 
    amended on several occasions, but the rule has never undergone a 
    comprehensive update.
        Since the inception of part 107, the primary threat to civil 
    aviation has expanded beyond hijacking to bombing of aircraft and 
    murderous attacks within airports. The following incidents are 
    indicative of this evolution.
         December 27, 1985: Simultaneous attacks at two European 
    airports against the general public in open terminal areas. At least 13 
    people were killed and approximately 80 wounded at Rome's Leonardo da 
    Vinci International Airport; 4 persons were killed and approximately 45 
    wounded at Vienna's Schwechat International Airport.
         September 5, 1986: Terrorist assault on Pan American (Pan 
    Am) Flight 73. Four terrorists assaulted Flight 73 in Karachi, Pakistan 
    as the aircraft waited to take off. The four terrorists were dressed 
    similarly to airport security personnel and drove a van resembling an 
    airport security vehicle alongside the aircraft. The terrorists stormed 
    the aircraft and after 17 hours or negotiations, the aircraft's 
    auxiliary power unit failed. Anticipating an attack by security forces, 
    the terrorists opened fire on the massed passengers, killing 22 persons 
    and injuring 125 others before security forces could intervene.
         September 14, 1986: The bombing of an international 
    terminal building. A device detonated in a trash can located in front 
    of the international terminal building of the Kimpo International 
    Airport, Seoul, South Korea. Five persons were killed and 29 were 
    injured.
         November 11, 1987: Explosives detonated in a passenger 
    terminal. Explosives in baggage detonated, possibly prematurely, in the 
    passenger terminal of the Beirut International Airport, Beirut, 
    Lebanon. Six persons were killed and 73 were injured. No person(s) 
    claimed responsibility; however, the person carrying the bag was 
    killed.
         December 21, 1988: The bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. All 
    243 passengers and 16 crew on board, plus 11 persons on the ground at 
    Lockerbie, Scotland, were killed. Subsequent inspection of the 
    reconstructed aircraft determined that a device consisting of plastic 
    explosives inside a tape cassette player was responsible for the 
    destruction of Flight 103. The device had been concealed in checked 
    luggage. Individuals working for the Government of Libya are 
    responsible for the bombing. One conspirator was the former manager of 
    the Libyan Arab Airlines (LAA) office in Valletta, Malta and retained 
    full access to the airport. Using this access privilege and other 
    knowledge gained as representatives of LAA, the conspirators bypassed 
    security checks at Valletta's Luqa Airport and inserted the suitcase 
    containing the bomb into baggage of an Air Malta flight to Frankfurt.
         August 26, 1992: Explosive device placed in an 
    international terminal. A 20-pound explosive device was placed in the 
    international terminal in the Houari Boumedienne International Airport, 
    Algiers, Algeria. Twelve persons were killed and 126 were injured. 
    Members of the Islamic Salvation Front were arrested. Their intent was 
    to disrupt foreign involvement in Algeria.
         November 3, 1994: Armed individuals seized the airport. 
    Armed militant Muslim activist seized the Saidu Sharif Airport in 
    Pakistan's Northwest Frontier Province and barricaded the runway. 
    Pakistani paramilitary forces attacked several days later. Five persons 
    were killed and at least 17 were injured.
         December 24, 1994: Hijacking and possible intention to 
    destroy Air France flight 8969. While on the ground at Houari 
    Boumedienne International Airport, Algeria, Air France Flight 8969 was 
    commandeered by four terrorists armed with automatic weapons, hand 
    grenades, and explosives. The four gunmen wore what appeared to be Air 
    Algerie uniforms and displayed airport identification. The hijackers 
    killed three people. French counterterrorism forces stormed the 
    aircraft at Marignane Airport in Marseille, France; all four hijackers 
    were killed. Explosive were found on the aircraft, leading to 
    speculation that the hijackers intended to blow up the aircraft over 
    Paris.
         July 22, 1996: A bomb detonated in a public area of a 
    terminal building. Six persons were killed and an estimated 60 others 
    were injured when a bomb exploded in the concourse outside of the 
    departure/arrival lounges at the Lahore International Airport, Lahore, 
    Pakistan. The device, containing approximately 3 kilograms of 
    explosives, reportedly had been left in a briefcase and placed beneath 
    a bench near the domestic lounge. The explosion occurred moments before 
    the departure of PIA flight 715 for Karachi. There were no immediate 
    claims for the bombing.
        Fifty-nine attacks have been recorded at airports throughout the 
    world during the past 5 years. These attacks have included 24 bombings; 
    15 attempted bombings; and 20 shootings, shellings (such as mortar 
    attacks), arsons, and similar incidents. At least 41 persons have been 
    killed and more than 250 injured in attacks at airports between 1992 
    and 1996.\1\
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        \1\ Criminal Acts Against Civil Aviation: 1996, U.S. Department 
    of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration Office of Civil 
    Aviation Security.
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        Terrorism has been, for the most part, a phenomenon afflicting U.S. 
    interests overseas, and the threat to U.S. civil aviation is assessed 
    to be higher abroad than it is domestically. The World Trade Center 
    bombing in February 1993, however, indicates that terrorism is also a 
    very real threat in the United States, and may be on the rise.
        Ramzi Ahmed Yousef has been convicted for the bombing of 
    Philippines Airline flight 434 (December 11, 1994) and for conspiring 
    to bomb U.S.-flag aircraft. Authorities believe that Yousef and his co-
    conspirators acted on their own volition, in opposition to U.S. foreign 
    policy in the Middle East, and that they were assisted by local radical 
    sympathizers in the Philippines and the United States. The conspiracies 
    are indicative of an emerging trend in terrorism, characterized by 
    terrorist elements operating without traditional organizational 
    structure or state sponsorship.
        The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) characterizes such 
    terrorists as seeking a ``common political, social, economic, or 
    personal objective which transcends nation-state boundaries.'' The U.S. 
    Department of State, commenting on global terrorism trends
    
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    notes that ``terrorism by extremist individuals or groups claiming to 
    act for religious motives'' continue to dominate international 
    terrorism.\2\
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        \2\ For further analysis of the terrorist threat, please refer 
    to the following public documents: Terrorism in the United States: 
    1994, U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation.
        Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1995, U.S. Department of State, 
    April 1996.
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        The number of international terrorist attacks against U.S. 
    interests fell between 1995 and 1996, although incidents involving 
    American targets still represented more than 24%of the total attacks 
    worldwide in 1996. Domestically, the FBI asserts that the U.S. is not 
    immune to international terrorism, describing the terrorist threat as 
    ``real and potentially lethal.'' The FAA views these developments as 
    cause for concern.\3\
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        \3\ Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1996, U.S. Department of 
    State, April 1997.
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        In addition, individual acts of revenge or criminality must be 
    considered since the consequences of such acts can be just as deadly. 
    Following are three examples:
         December 7, 1987: Destruction of Pacific Southwest 
    Airlines (PSA) Flight 1771. Flight 1771 crashed when a recently 
    terminated airline employee boarded the Los Angeles San Francisco 
    flight with a handgun, shot one passenger (his former supervisor), the 
    flightcrew, flight attendant, and presumably himself. As a result, all 
    38 passengers and five crew on board were killed. The fired employee 
    retained his airline identification after his dismissal and used to 
    bypass the passenger screening checkpoint.
         August 14, 1990: Gunman gained unauthorized access at 
    Washington National Airport. A man armed with a .38 caliber revolver 
    entered the Ogden Allied Services garage at Washington, DC's National 
    Airport, and held several employees at gunpoint. He was a former 
    employee at Ogden and had voluntarily left his job. He commandeered a 
    fuel truck, forced an Ogden employee to drive onto the air operations 
    area and fired several shots at a second Ogden fuel truck, wounding two 
    persons. He was in possession of 30 to 40 rounds of ammunition when he 
    was arrested. A molotov cocktail was recovered from the commandeered 
    fuel truck, and several others were found in the gunman's vehicle.
         May 7, 1995: Gunman exchanged fire with police at 
    Minneapolis/St. Paul International Airport. A man armed with a 7.62 mm 
    Norinco SK5 assault rifle attempted to enter a secured area through a 
    door in the baggage claim area. Unable to gain access, the gunman fired 
    several rounds, shattering panes of plate glass, and then proceeded 
    through the terminal firing his weapon. The gunman then exited the 
    terminal to a public driveway, changed fire with responding police 
    officers and was shot three times before being apprehended. Three 
    persons were injured by flying debris, but non seriously. The weapon 
    used appeared to have been altered to fire automatically and the gunman 
    was in possess of 90 rounds of ammunition. The gunman never gained 
    access to the sterile or secured areas of the airport.
         October 13, 1995: A low-level explosive device destroyed 
    an automated facility serving La Guardia International Airport. The 
    facility, a Low Level Windshear Alert System (LLWAS), is locate din a 
    remote area near Flushing Airport, formerly a general aviation field. 
    The LLWAS is housed in a metal box on a utility pole and is surrounded 
    by a perimeter fence that was cut to gain entry. Even through the LLWAS 
    was not fully functional for several days, air traffic to La Guardia 
    was not jeopardized. An arrest was made in this matter. Despite an 
    anti-government leaflet found at the scene, no connection was found 
    between the person arrested and right-wing terrorist organizations.
    
    Response to Terrorist Incidents
    
        The incidents discussed above have led to concerted efforts to 
    strengthen aviation security around the world and particularly security 
    at U.S. airports. The FAA responded by issuing emergency amendments to 
    airport security programs, using part 107 authority.
        The destruction of Pan Am Flight 103 resulted in numerous changes 
    to civil aviation security. The Presidential Commission on Aviation 
    Security and Terrorism was critical of the domestic U.S. civil aviation 
    security system for failing to provide the proper level of protection 
    for the traveling public and urged major reforms. Specifically, the 
    commission recommended that the ``FAA initiate immediately the planning 
    and analysis necessary to phase additional security measures into the 
    domestic system over time.\4\ The Commission's report prompted the 
    Aviation Security Improvement Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-604), enacted 
    November 16, 1990.
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        \4\ President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism, 
    Report to the President, May 15, 1990.
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        The new law mandated many changes to airport and air carrier 
    security programs, as well as Federal staffing and reporting 
    procedures. Several rulemakings were initiated to impose hiring 
    standards for air crew and security personnel, and training standards 
    and criminal history checks for certain airport and air carrier 
    personnel. The act also required the FAA to coordinate with the FBI to 
    assess the domestic air transport system, develop security guidelines 
    for airport design and construction, and expand the security technology 
    research and development program.
        The proposed revisions to part 107 also respond to two other 
    Federal reports. In September 1993, the Office of the Inspector General 
    (IG) of the U.S. Department of Transportation issued a report critical 
    of certain aspects of the FAA's oversight of airport security 
    systems.\5\ In January 1994, the General Accounting Office (GAO) issued 
    a report suggesting further actions the FAA could take to improve civil 
    aviation security.\6\
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        \5\ DOT Office of Inspector General, Audit of Airport Security, 
    Federal Aviation Administration, Report No. RP-FA-3-105, September 
    20, 1993.
        \6\ United States General Accounting Office, Report to 
    Congressional Committees, Aviation Security: Additional Actions 
    Needed to Meet Domestic and International Changes, January 1994.
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        The IG report found significant deficiencies in the effectiveness 
    of access control and challenge procedures at five U.S. airports. The 
    report recommended that airport and air carrier implementation of 
    procedures for access control and challenge be strengthened, stressing 
    that the FAA must take steps to increase airport and air carrier 
    employees' awareness and responsibility for those procedures.
        In January of 1994, the FAA responded to the report by meeting with 
    representatives of airports, air carriers and other airport tenants, 
    and employee groups/unions to discuss the IG's findings and to 
    emphasize the need for improved employee security awareness. 
    Simultaneously, the FAA began focused inspections at U.S. airports with 
    the highest volume and most complex security operations. Slated to 
    continue on a routine basis, these special inspections targeted the 
    security measures that the IG found to be a universal weakness--access 
    control and challenge procedures.
        The response has been an industry-wide commitment to address the 
    identified weaknesses and improve compliance. In particular, many 
    airports and air carriers have improved their training programs and 
    instituted programs to provide individual incentives for compliance and 
    escalating disciplinary action for instances of non-compliance. 
    Compliance at airports which have
    
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    instituted such programs has improved markedly. The FAA proposes to 
    implement similar measures at other part 107 airports by clarifying and 
    modifying access control, identification display, and challenge 
    requirements.
        Separately, the GAO issued a report entitled ``Aviation Security--
    Additional Actions Needed to Meet Domestic and International 
    Challenges,'' in response to a Congressional inquiry on FAA's efforts 
    to implement the Aviation Security Improvement Act of 1990. GAO found 
    that the FAA has taken important steps in response to the act and cited 
    additional actions that should be taken to enhance the FAA's security 
    programs and initiatives. These actions include--(1) pilot-testing new 
    procedures before implementation, (2) strengthening human factors 
    research and its application, (3) making systematic analytical use of 
    information that the FAA collects during air carrier and airport 
    security inspections, and (4) providing airport security coordinators 
    with security clearances, so that they can be given classified 
    information regarding threats to civil aviation.
        Similar to the IG report, the GAO report highlighted the need for 
    the FAA to increase industry employees' overall awareness of security 
    measures. The report concluded that the FA must refine security 
    training and procedures to increase personnel sensitivity to security 
    requirements. The FAA agrees that complacency must be combated, and as 
    previously noted, considers improved employee training and increased 
    accountability to be an essential part of the solution.
        Specific responses to issues raised in the IG and GAO reports are 
    discussed below in the ``Section by Section Analysis.''
    
    The Role of the Aviation Security Advisory Committee
    
        The Department of Transportation and the FAA are convinced that the 
    aviation industry and general public should have input into the 
    development of future aviation security measures and issues. On April 
    3, 1989, the Secretary of Transportation announced the formation of a 
    national aviation security advisory committee under the provision of 
    the Federal Advisory Committee Act (Title 5 U.S. Code, Appendix II).
        The Aviation Security Advisory Committee (ASAC) was formed to 
    examine all areas of civil aviation security and to ensure a higher 
    degree of safety for the traveling public by recommending improvement 
    of aviation security equipment and procedures. The ASAC is chaired by 
    the FAA's Assistant Administrator for Civil Aviation Security and makes 
    recommendations to the FAA Administrator. Committee membership 
    represents a balance of Federal government, aviation industry, and 
    consumer advocacy groups, including:
    
    1. Air Courier Conference of America
    2. Air Line Pilots Association International
    3. Air Transport Association of America
    4. Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association
    5. Airport Law Enforcement Agencies Network
    6. Airports Council International, Inc.
    7. Allied Pilots Association
    8. American Association of Airport Executives
    9. Association of Flight Attendants
    10. Aviation Consumer Action Project
    11. Aviation Security Contractors Association
    12. Cargo Airline Association
    13. Families of Pan Am 103 Lockerbie
    14. International Airline Passengers Association
    15. National Air Carrier Association, Inc.
    16. National Air Transportation Association
    17. Regional Airline Association
    18. U.S. Department of Defense (Policy Board on Federal Aviation)
    19. U.S. Department of Justice (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
    20. U.S. Department of State
    21. U.S. Department of Transportation (Office of Intelligence and 
    Security and Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center)
    22. U.S. Department of the Treasury (Customs Service, Immigration and 
    Naturalization Service, and Secret Service)
    23. U.S. Postal Service
    24. Victims of PanAm Flight 103
    
        All ASAC meetings are open to the public and are announced in the 
    Federal Register. Meetings are typically held three times a year. 
    Members of the public are permitted to attend and appear before the 
    committee, subject to reasonable limitations of space and time.
        The FAA invited the ASAC to comment on the underlying issues and 
    potential solutions associated with the revision of parts 107 and 108. 
    In December 1993, the FAA sought the ASAC's input on a ``discussion 
    paper'' that presented a broad scope of security issues and concerns. A 
    copy of this paper is filed in the FAA public docket for this Notice of 
    Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM).
        To address the issues raised in the discussion paper, the ASAC 
    formed two subcommittees to develop recommendations on airport and air 
    carrier security issues, respectively, and provided the FAA formal 
    recommendations on March 15, 1994. Individual ASAC members also 
    provided comments on issues when their respective organizations 
    differed from the position taken by the committee. The views of the 
    ASAC and of individual committee members were then forwarded to the FAA 
    with an overall recommendation that security regulations should remain 
    flexible and contain only general security performance standards. 
    Specific recommendations are addressed individually in the ``Section-
    by-Section Analysis.''
    
    Discussion of the Proposed Rule
    
        This proposed revision of part 107 would comprehensively update 
    airport security regulations to more efficiently and effectively 
    address terrorist and other criminal threats to civil aviation. This 
    proposed action would incorporate both procedures currently in airport 
    security programs and new security procedures, in a manner that is 
    intended to allow regulated entities and individuals to understand 
    their responsibilities more readily. When a final rule has been 
    adopted, the FAA will update relevant advisory circulars and prepare a 
    standard airport security program that will contain specific security 
    measures that are considered sensitive under part 191 and therefore 
    cannot be included in the proposed revision. Lastly, the proposed 
    revision would incorporate certain new measures that would provide for 
    better security. For example, the proposed revisions make individuals 
    directly accountable to the FAA for violating certain regulations and 
    would require airports to include in their security programs specific 
    disciplinary action and penalties to be taken with employees or tenants 
    that do not comply with security requirements. Through these changes, 
    the FAA hopes to create a more effective mixture of individual and 
    corporate responsibility for complying with security regulations, 
    particularly those relating to access controls and challenge 
    procedures.
        Air carrier security programs required by part 108 also have been 
    amended extensively since 1985. The FAA proposes to revise part 108, 
    which governs aircraft operator security, concurrently with this part. 
    The rulemakings will proceed in tandem. All references to proposed part 
    108 in this preamble are intended to refer to the concurrently proposed 
    revision of part 108. Further, this proposal would modify the airport 
    emergency plan
    
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    required under 14 CFR part 139, the certification and operations rules 
    for land airports, to indicate that the evaluation of threats would be 
    handled under airport security programs.
        The proposed revisions of part 107 and part 108 represent a 
    comprehensive approach toward upgrading the security requirements of 
    the civil aviation system. The intent of these proposed revisions is to 
    foster consistency and standardization throughout the national civil 
    aviation security program. Where possible, the revisions of part 107 
    and part 108 propose nearly identical language to enhance, clarify, or 
    propose security measures for implementation by both airport operators 
    and air carriers.
        Changes to definitions in proposed Sec. 107.3 and Sec. 108.3 are 
    intended to promote a common understanding within the aviation 
    community when used in these respective regulations. Moreover, the 
    proposed definitions for both parts 107 and 108 take into account the 
    need to clarify the division of responsibility between air carriers and 
    airport operators for the implementation of aviation security measures.
        Proposed Sec. 107.7 and Sec. 108.5 would clarify the authority of 
    the Administrator to conduct inspections or tests to determine air 
    carrier compliance with 49 U.S.C. Subtitle VII, and the regulations, 
    and the airport operator's and air carrier's obligation to provide FAA 
    Special Agents the necessary access and identification medium to 
    conduct inspections.
        Both proposals include language, in proposed Sec. 107.9 and 
    Sec. 108.7, that would prohibit persons from knowingly making false 
    statements or entries on security-related documentation. Proposed 
    Sec. 107.11 and Sec. 108.9 contain language that would prohibit persons 
    from interfering with or compromising required security methods or 
    procedures. Further, new language proposed in Sec. 107.103(a) and 
    Sec. 108.103 would require the inclusion of a security compliance 
    program within an airport operator's and air carrier's security 
    program.
        Proposed Sec. 107.105 and Sec. 108.105 reflect similar procedural 
    language for the approval and amendment of security programs. Proposed 
    Sec. 107.209 and Sec. 108.223 would require the airport operators and 
    air carriers to establish accountability standards for identification 
    media.
        Finally, language is proposed in both notices to expand training 
    requirements to include personnel performing security-related duties 
    (proposed Sec. 107.211 and Sec. 108.227), to incorporate similar 
    sections for the implementation of contingency plans (proposed 
    Sec. 107.301 and Sec. 108.307), and to require compliance with Security 
    Directives (proposed Sec. 107.303 and Sec. 108.305).
    
    Section-by-Section Analysis
    
        In this notice, the FAA proposes to revise existing Secs. 107.1 
    through 107.31. The FAA further proposes to add several new sections, 
    some of which address the security responsibilities of persons and the 
    requirements for personnel identification systems. Individual airport 
    security programs which implement the requirements of part 107 would be 
    subject to revision as a consequence of this rulemaking (see the 
    section below entitled ``Implementation Schedule'').
        Historically, part 107 has been amended in increments with each 
    amendment being added to the regulation at the end of the part. The FAA 
    proposes to reorganize the regulation into specific subparts identified 
    by subject matter. To do so would require a change in the current 
    numbering scheme. For example, all sections that specify security 
    program content and approval process would be listed in proposed 
    subpart B, entitled ``Security Program.'' All sections which describe 
    the operational aspects of systems or procedures required in the 
    approved security program would be listed in proposed subpart C, 
    ``Operations,'' and so on.
        This arrangement of the sections by subpart is intended to make 
    part 107 ``user friendly'' by allowing the reader to locate a 
    particular section easily and to identify all requirements relevant to 
    a specific subject readily. Arranging the regulation by subparts also 
    would allow the FAA to keep similar sections together rather than to 
    add serially to the body of the regulation.
        Throughout the proposed rule, references are made to 49 U.S.C. 
    Subtitle VII. This statute is the recodification of FAA's authority to 
    prescribe aviation security regulations previously found in the Federal 
    Aviation Act of 1958, 49 U.S.C. App. 1301 et seq.
    
    Subpart A--General
    
    Section 107.1  Applicability
        This notice proposes to extend the applicability of existing 
    Sec. 107.1. This proposal would extend the applicability to employees, 
    contractors, and other individuals who have significant security 
    responsibilities at an airport and whose actions could diminish the 
    effectiveness of those systems, methods, or procedures required by this 
    part, by acts such as subverting an access control system, divulging 
    security-sensitive information, or falsifying records.
        Further, the FAA proposes to extend airport security requirements 
    beyond airports serving scheduled passenger operations. Instead, the 
    proposed requirements would apply to an airport regularly serving any 
    air carrier required to have a security program under parts 108 and 
    129. This is not intended, however, to imply that an airport which only 
    serves an occasional single air carrier flight is necessarily required 
    to implement an airport security program. Title 49 U.S.C. 44903 
    specifies that the FAA shall impose certain security requirements on 
    airports ``regularly serving'' air carrier operations.
        This notice also proposes to move existing Sec. 107.1(a)(3), which 
    applies the requirements of this part to persons entering a sterile 
    area, to part 108. This change would consolidate most security 
    requirements applicable to the sterile area in part 108, since the 
    responsibility for ensuring the integrity of the sterile area rests 
    mainly with air carriers.
        Part 107 currently refers to the ``Director of Civil Aviation 
    Security'' as the official who oversees civil aviation security 
    operations and approves airport security programs. Under internal FAA 
    reorganization, the current title of this position is Associate 
    Administrator for Civil Aviation Security; however, 49 U.S.C. 44932 
    refers to this official as the Assistant Administrator for Civil 
    Aviation Security. Therefore, paragraph (b) of this section would use 
    the title ``Assistant Administrator for Civil Aviation Security.'' The 
    FAA intends to resolve this inconsistency before issuance of the final 
    rule. In addition, paragraph (b) would clarify that the Deputy 
    Assistant Administrator for Civil Aviation Security, or any individual 
    formally designated could act in the capacity of the Assistant 
    Administrator and the duties of this position could be further 
    delegated.
    Section 107.3  Definitions
        This proposed section would replace existing Sec. 107.3, Security 
    program. The provisions of existing Sec. 107.3 would be incorporated 
    under proposed Subpart B, Airport Security Program. This proposed 
    section also would revise the definitions contained under current 
    Sec. 107.1, Applicability and definitions. The introductory text of 
    this proposed section would make the definitions in proposed part 108 
    apply to this part.
        The term ``air operations area'' in existing Sec. 107.1 would be 
    replaced by the term ``restricted operations area'' and its definition 
    modified. The definition ``exclusive area'' in existing Sec. 107.1 
    would be revised and grouped
    
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    with a newly defined ``exclusive area agreement.'' This new definition 
    would ensure clarity of standards pertaining to security agreements 
    between the airports and air carriers or foreign air carriers, and 
    expand the applicability of exclusive area agreements to include not 
    only air carrier leaseloads but individual access points as well. The 
    definitions ``escort'' and ``sterile area'' would remain essentially 
    unchanged from existing Sec. 107.1 The definition ``escort'' would be 
    revised to include reference to the proposed critical security area and 
    restricted operations area; the definition ``sterile area'' would be 
    revised to clarify the responsibility to conduct inspections of persons 
    and property.
        The following definitions would be added: Airport security program, 
    Airport tenant, Airport tenant security program, Assistant 
    Administrator, Critical security area, Exclusive area agreement, 
    Restricted operations area, and Unescorted access authority.
        The definitions ``airport tenant'' and ``airport tenant security 
    program'' would be added to this section to clarify proposed 
    Sec. 107.113 and to eliminate confusion between airport tenant security 
    programs (which do not apply to air carriers and foreign air carriers 
    that have security programs) and exclusive area agreements (which only 
    apply to air carriers and foreign air carriers that have security 
    programs).
        This notice proposes two new security area definitions. The 
    definition of ``critical security area'' is introduced for the purposes 
    of proposed Sec. 107.201, Security of the Critical Security Area. The 
    term ``critical security area'' would be added to replace the term 
    ``secured area'' found in existing Sec. 107.14. The definition 
    ``restricted operations area'' would be added to replace the term ``air 
    operations area'' found in existing Secs. 107.1 and 107.13. This 
    definition would be added for the purposes of proposed Sec. 107.203, 
    Security of the Restricted Operations Area. (See below for further 
    discussion of these particular sections).
        The description of the intended parameters of ``critical security 
    area'' and ``restricted operations areas'' would be purposely limited. 
    Due to the different physical layouts and tenant activities, it is 
    impossible to define with specificity in this proposed rule the 
    boundaries of the proposed critical security area and restricted 
    operations area. As such, the proposed definitions give only general 
    descriptions for critical security area and a restricted operations 
    area.
        The term ``unescorted access authority'' would be defined in this 
    section to support access and identification requirements of the newly 
    proposed critical security area and restricted operations area. It 
    would be included to ensure a clear distinction between individuals 
    that are authorized access and those who are not.
    Section 107.5  Airport Security Coordinator
        Under this proposal, existing Sec. 107.5 entitled ``Approval of 
    security program'' would be incorporated into proposed $107.105 
    entitled ``Approval and amendments,'' under proposed Subpart B, Airport 
    Security Program. Existing Sec. 107.29 entitled ``Airport Security 
    Coordinator'' would be revised and renumbered as new Sec. 107.5 under 
    new Subpart A, General.
        As part of the employment standards rulemaking [56 FR 41412; August 
    20, 1991] adopted in response to the Aviation Security Improvement Act, 
    the FAA Administrator requires airport operators to designate an 
    official at each airport as the airport security coordinator (ASC), to 
    serve as the point of contact with the FAA on security matters and to 
    provide oversight to the airport's security system. The ASC serves as 
    the counterpart of the air carrier's ground security coordinator 
    required under part 108.
        To promote standardization, this proposed section would further 
    define the functions and responsibilities of the ASC, including the 
    designation of alternate ASCs. Specifically, the ASC would be 
    responsible for immediately initiating corrective action for each 
    instance of noncompliance and for reviewing all security-related 
    functions for compliance and effectiveness. The proposal also would 
    clarify that an individual serving as an ASC may perform other duties 
    in addition to those required by the FAA, and need not serve full-time 
    as the ASC.
        Existing language specifies that the ASC is the airport operator's 
    primary FAA contact, charged with reviewing all security-related 
    functions for compliance with this part and the airport security 
    program. Nevertheless, the ASAC commented that the FAA has not applied 
    this requirement as written, as the ASC is not treated as the FAA's 
    primary contact. Proposed language is intended to clarify the 
    relationship between the FAA and the ASC.
        The FAA also proposes to require training for the ASC every 2 
    years. This training is intended to ensure that ASCs and their 
    alternates remain updated on both airport and air carrier security 
    regulatory and operational requirements. The ASAC opposed inclusion in 
    the rule of any ASC training requirements as well as a description of 
    the ASC's job duties and responsibilities. The committee did note, 
    however, that, if training is required, credit should be given for the 
    ASC's previous experience.
        The FAA therefore requests comments on methods airport operators 
    would use to meet this training requirement. For example, should the 
    FAA require in security programs specific training as it does for air 
    carrier ground security coordinators? Should the training be performed 
    once or should it be recurrent? Should the FAA develop specific 
    guidance or a curriculum for such a training program? How should 
    experience be factored into the training requirement? Should existing 
    ASCs be ``grandfathered'' under the training requirement?
        The FAA also proposes moving to this section certain provisions of 
    existing Sec. 107.31 recently effective [60 FR 51854; October 3, 1995] 
    regarding the ASC responsibility to review and control results of 
    access investigations and to serve as the contact for individuals 
    appealing their results. This change is intended to ensure that all ASC 
    responsibilities are located in the same section of the rule.
    Section 107.7  Inspection Authority
        Under this proposal, existing Sec. 107.7 entitled ``Changed 
    conditions affecting security'' would be moved to proposed Subpart, B 
    Sec. 107.107. Existing Sec. 107.27 entitled ``Evidence of compliance'' 
    would be given a new title, ``Inspection authority,'' and revised and 
    renumbered as new Sec. 107.7 under new Subpart A, General. This 
    proposed section would combine the evidence of compliance requirements 
    of existing Sec. 107.27 with the FAA's statutory authority to conduct 
    inspections, investigations, and tests.
        Paragraph (a) proposes to state the Administrator's authority to 
    conduct inspections and investigations necessary to determine 
    compliance with part 107 and the security program. The authority for 
    the FAA to conduct inspections necessary to gauge compliance with 
    Federally-mandated security requirements has, on occasion, been 
    challenged by airport operators. The new language would resolve any 
    misunderstanding regarding the FAA's authority to conduct such 
    inspections under 49 U.S.C. Subtitle VII.
        Proposed paragraph (b) would restate the language of existing 
    Sec. 107.27. Proposed paragraph (c) would clarify the airport 
    operator's obligation to provide FAA Special Agents the necessary 
    access and identification media to conduct inspections. This proposed 
    requirement would not be
    
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    extended in the rule to any FAA employee other than Special Agents. 
    Special Agents are those FAA employees who are authorized to conduct 
    inspections of airport and air carrier security operations and who must 
    possess and present valid FAA-issued credentials. There are some 
    inspections and investigations that a Special Agent can accomplish only 
    with unescorted access to the critical security area and restricted 
    operations area, and it is essential that they be able to accomplish 
    these tasks. The FAA will provide criteria for ascertaining the 
    validity of Special Agents' credentials in non-regulatory guidance 
    materials.
        The inclusion of paragraph (c) is intended to facilitate FAA 
    Special Agents conducting inspections, investigations, tests, and other 
    duties without being hampered. It is not intended to allow FAA Special 
    Agents to have access to the entire airport, only to those portions 
    necessary to conduct their duties. Nor is the FAA proposing to require 
    airport operators to give access and identification media to all FAA 
    inspectors. However, as mentioned in the discussion of Sec. 107.209 (d) 
    below, airports may be required to accept FAA form 8000-39 as a valid 
    identification media.
    Section 107.9  Falsification
        Under this proposal, existing Sec. 107.9 entitled ``Amendment of 
    security program by airport operator'' would be moved to proposed 
    Subpart B under Sec. 107.105 and retitled ``Approval and amendments.'' 
    Proposed Sec. 107.9 would be new, retitled ``Falsification,'' and would 
    be included under proposed Subpart A, General. This section is the same 
    as the current Sec. 107.2 adopted on November 17, 1996 (61 FR 64242 
    (December 3, 1996).
    Section 107.11  Security Responsibilities of Persons
        Under this proposal, existing Sec. 107.11 entitled ``Amendment of 
    security program by FAA'' would be moved to proposed Subpart B under 
    Sec. 107.105 ``Approval and amendments.'' Proposed Sec. 107.11, 
    retitled ``Security responsibilities of persons,'' would be included 
    under Subpart A, General, and would be completely new.
        The FAA believes that the contribution of individuals to the 
    success of the civil aviation system cannot be overestimated and that 
    the regulations must address the responsibility of individuals who work 
    within the security system. Therefore, the FAA is proposing to prohibit 
    persons from tampering, compromising, or modifying any security system, 
    or carrying a deadly or dangerous weapon, explosive, or destructive 
    substance into sterile areas, critical security areas, or restricted 
    operations areas. Although the airport operator is primarily 
    responsible for carrying out statutory and regulatory security 
    responsibilities under this part, the FAA believes that it is critical 
    that persons employed directly by the airport operator understand the 
    importance of their responsibilities to ensure that security measures 
    within the civil aviation system are properly implemented. It is also 
    important that other persons who may have an impact on aviation 
    security understand their responsibilities.
        This section proposes specific requirements to make persons 
    accountable for complying with regulatory prohibitions against 
    interfering with or compromising security methods or procedures 
    required under this part. Moreover, by including these prohibitions in 
    the regulation, this proposed section would permit the use of civil 
    penalty action as a means to gain compliance under this part by persons 
    who are employed by the airport operator and other persons not under 
    the direct authority of the airport operator (such as trespassers).
        While there are some instances in which enforcement action against 
    persons may be taken by the FAA, in many cases enforcement action would 
    not be appropriate or necessary. The FAA intends, in proposed 
    Sec. 107.103, to require the airport operator to include in its 
    security program procedures to ensure that persons with unescorted 
    access to critical security areas or restricted operations areas will 
    comply with the requirements of this section. Many airports already 
    have such programs in place and have established penalties, such as 
    monetary fines and revocation of access authorization. The airport 
    operator would remain the primary party responsible for violations, 
    including those committed by their employees and contractors. However, 
    in appropriate cases, persons who fail to comply would be subject to 
    FAA enforcement action, such as a civil penalty of up to $1,000 per 
    violation of these rules.
        The term ``person,'' used throughout this new section and the 
    proposed rule, is used as defined in 14 CFR Part 1, under Sec. 1.1, 
    General Definitions, which defines person to mean an individual, firm, 
    partnership, corporation, company, association, joint-stock 
    association, or governmental entity, and includes a trustee, receiver, 
    assignee, or similar representative of any of them.
        Proposed paragraph (a) of this new section would prohibit tampering 
    or interfering with an airport's security system, including 
    circumventing access control systems and misusing identification media. 
    This proposed paragraph is intended to provide a deterrent which, in 
    turn, would promote the effectiveness of the security control measures 
    required by this part.
        For instance, many airports have invested in personnel 
    identification systems as a means of satisfying the requirement to 
    control movement under existing Sec. 107.13 (proposed Sec. 107.203). 
    This proposal would require the use of personnel identification systems 
    in both critical security areas and restricted operations areas and 
    would set forth minimum standards for personnel identification systems. 
    Establishing sanctions for not complying with personnel identification 
    media display requirements would significantly promote the 
    effectiveness of personnel identification systems.
        Further, this section would prohibit persons from compromising, or 
    rendering less effective, any system implemented in response to the 
    various requirements of this part. This prohibition includes similar 
    language found in existing Sec. 107.25(f) that prohibits the use of an 
    airport-approved identification by any person unless it is issued to 
    that person. However, the proposed language would expand the 
    prohibition to encompass any type of intentional misuse, such as 
    tampering, compromise, or modification, of security systems or the 
    unauthorized circumvention of these systems. Such acts would include 
    writing on walls or doors combination lock numbers that provide access 
    to critical security areas or restricted operations areas, temporarily 
    or permanently disabling electronic access systems, and loaning of 
    access or identification media which would provide access to, or 
    movement within, security-sensitive areas of an airport without 
    authorization.
        Under part 108, the responsibility rests with the air carrier for 
    ensuring that unauthorized items which may be harmful to civil aviation 
    or to the traveling public do not get into the sterile area. The FAA, 
    accordingly, believes that the current prohibition found in existing 
    Sec. 107.21(a) against the introduction of a deadly or dangerous 
    weapon, explosive, or incendiary into sterile areas is more 
    appropriately located in part 108. The FAA proposes transferring the 
    existing prohibition found in Sec. 107.21(a) to proposed part 108.
        The risk to the traveling public presented by the presence of a 
    deadly or dangerous weapon, explosive, or incendiary, or destructive 
    substance
    
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    should not be underestimated. Paragraph (b) of this section, as 
    proposed, has been drafted to prohibit the unauthorized possession of 
    such weapons or other dangerous items in sterile areas, critical 
    security areas, and restricted operations areas. The current rules 
    refer to the carriage of ``explosive, incendiary, or deadly or 
    dangerous weapons'' in various places, including existing Sec. 107.21 
    and Sec. 108.9. The statute, however, refers to searching persons and 
    property for the presence of a ``dangerous weapon, explosive, or other 
    destructive substance.'' (See 49 U.S.C. 44902) In order to make more 
    clear what items the air carriers search for and what items are 
    controlled in various areas secured for the purposes of part 107, the 
    FAA proposes to refer throughout the revised part to ``deadly or 
    dangerous weapon, explosive, incendiary, or other destructive 
    substance.'' This change is proposed in paragraph (b) of this section 
    as well as proposed Sec. 107.101(a)(1), Sec. 107.219(c)(1), and 
    Sec. 107.219(c)(4)(ii). The FAA also will provide guidance on 
    destructive substances.
        This section is also intended to prohibit persons from conducting 
    unauthorized ``tests'' of airport security systems by compromising or 
    circumventing any element of the system. However, proposed paragraph 
    (c), would allow for individuals authorized by the Federal government, 
    airport operator, and air carrier to conduct tests and inspections of 
    security systems.
        Provisions regarding the carriage of firearms by law enforcement 
    officers and other authorized personnel found in existing 
    Sec. 107.21(b) would be included in proposed paragraph (d). Paragraph 
    (d) proposes that provisions of this section that apply to firearms and 
    weapons would not be applicable to law enforcement personnel, Federal 
    Air Marshals, and certain individuals authorized in an airport security 
    program to carry a weapon. This paragraph would further exempt persons 
    properly transporting declared firearms under proposed Sec. 108.213 or 
    hazardous materials under 49 CFR part 175 from firearms and weapons 
    prohibitions. Proposed paragraph (d)(7) also would exclude from these 
    prohibitions weapons and firearms legally carried aboard non-air-
    carrier aircraft, such as general aviation pilots operating personal 
    aircraft and transporting firearms in compliance with state and local 
    laws.
        The concept of requiring persons to be responsible for complying 
    with security measures was generally supported by the ASAC, 
    particularly the airport operator representatives. Two ASAC members, 
    the Air Line Pilots Association and the National Air Transport 
    Association, however, expressed reservations about the feasibility of 
    enforcing such a requirement and suggested that security resources 
    could be better used elsewhere to achieve the same results. By 
    promoting awareness of security responsibilities, this proposal also 
    would address the concerns raised by the DOT Inspector General about 
    employee awareness of, and compliance with, access control and 
    challenge procedures. Further, this proposed section parallels efforts 
    to require that persons be accountable for their actions related to the 
    dissemination of sensitive security information [Sensitive Security 
    Information, final rule published 62 FR 13736, March 21, 1997].
        Other federal regulations and statutes may also contain applicable 
    security and safety responsibilities of persons, including the 
    following: proposed Sec. 107.207, Access investigation; proposed 
    Sec. 108.201 Screening of persons and property and acceptance of cargo; 
    proposed Sec. 108.213 of this part, Carriage of weapons; Part 191 of 
    this chapter, Protection of Sensitive Security Information; 49 CFR part 
    175, Transportation of hazardous materials; 49 U.S.C. 46302, regarding 
    false information involving aircraft piracy, interference with flight 
    crew members, carrying a weapon, and other criminal laws; and 49 U.S.C. 
    46303, regarding carriage of a weapon.
    
    Subpart B--Airport Security Program
    
    Section 107.101  Requirements
        While part 107 is a public document and sets forth broad airport 
    security requirements, the security-sensitive details of how an airport 
    meets these requirements are contained separately in the airport's FAA-
    approved, non-public security program. The FAA intends to continue to 
    use this method and proposes a new security program requirements 
    section, Sec. 107.101. This proposed section would be included under 
    proposed Subpart B which would incorporate all sections relating to 
    airport security programs. The provisions of existing Sec. 107.3(a) 
    would be stated in this proposed section. The FAA believes that this 
    minor change will help the reader comprehend the overall purpose and 
    format of an airport security program.
        This new section would incorporate similar provisions of the 
    existing regulation that require the airport security program to be in 
    writing, and that a copy be kept at the airport operations office. The 
    program's objective has been modified to include protection against the 
    introduction of a deadly or dangerous weapon, explosive, incendiary, or 
    other destructive substances onto aircraft. Also, the reference to the 
    Director of Civil Aviation Security would be updated to Assistant 
    Administrator and reference to part 191 prohibitions on the 
    distribution and disclosure of sensitive security information would be 
    included.
        The FAA is developing a Standard Airport Security Program (SASP) to 
    aid airport operators in developing and revising their security 
    programs. Drafting of the model program is being coordinated with the 
    revision of part 107 and it is scheduled to be available shortly after 
    the publication of the final rule of part 107. Additionally, the FAA is 
    revising security advisory circulars to ensure that they reflect any 
    changes to part 107 resulting from this rulemaking; the circulars are 
    intended to be available references for the development and revision of 
    airport security programs.
    Section 107.103  Content
        This proposed section would be new and would be added to proposed 
    Subpart B, Airport Security Program. It would describe the required 
    content of airport security programs. Basically, it would revise the 
    provisions of existing Sec. 107.3.
        Existing Sec. 107.3 defines the type of air carrier operation that 
    requires a specific airport security program. Currently, the type of 
    security program an airport operator must implement is expressed in 
    terms of the type of aircraft operations. The proposed revision would 
    express the applicability in terms of aircraft operations regulated 
    under proposed Sec. 108.101. Proposed Sec. 108.101, Security program: 
    Adoption and Implementation, requires each air carrier to adopt and 
    carry out a security program as it applies to the type of operations 
    conducted. This change is intended to promote consistency and 
    interdependency between parts 107 and 108.
        The FAA designs security regulations to provide varying levels of 
    protection based upon the size, type, and frequency of aircraft 
    operations. Security provisions, therefore, are more demanding at 
    airports where air carriers utilize large transport airplanes with 60 
    seats or more, and have scheduled departures and arrivals. The number 
    and nature of crimes against civil aviation since 1972 validates the 
    connection between the requirement for an airport security program and 
    the type of aircraft serving a given airport.
    
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        Experience shows that airport served only by smaller aircraft need 
    not comply with all requirements appropriate for airports served by 
    larger aircraft. This approach currently allows smaller airports to 
    implement security measures in a more economical manner. The FAA 
    believes that this has provided an acceptable level of security at such 
    facilities and proposes to continue this approach to airport operator 
    security programs.
        The proposed rule continues to specify three different security 
    programs varying in complexity, but the proposed part 108 would modify 
    the type of passenger operations that would determine the program 
    required. The most comprehensive security program would continue to be 
    applicable to airports serviced by scheduled passenger operations with 
    aircraft of more than 60 seats.
        The type of passenger operations that trigger the two remaining 
    types of airport security programs have been expanded somewhat, as the 
    result of proposed changes to part 108, to ensure complete protection 
    of the sterile area and to ensure security of all passengers, even 
    those enplaned by private charters and on helicopters (discussed 
    below).
        As proposed, airports that serve scheduled passenger or public 
    charter passenger operations with aircraft having a passenger seating 
    configuration of more than 60 seats would continue to have in their 
    security program descriptions of the following:
        1. Areas to be secured and those adjacent to the airport that would 
    affect security;
        2. Procedures to control access to areas to be secured;
        3. Exclusive areas and the procedures each air carrier must use to 
    notify the airport operator when that air carrier cannot adequately 
    control access;
        4. Law enforcement support and training;
        5. System for maintaining records; and
        6. Alternate security procedures to be used in emergencies and 
    other unusual conditions.
        Proposed Sec. 107.103(a) also would add new requirements to require 
    such airports to include in their security program a description of the 
    following:
        1. Airport security coordinator's duties, means of contact, 
    training and identification;
        2. Security compliance program;
        3. Critical security area boundaries, activities, entities and 
    signs, as well as procedures, facilities, and equipment used to perform 
    the control functions;
        4. Restricted operations area boundaries, activities, entities and 
    signs, as well as procedures, facilities, and equipment used to perform 
    the control functions;
        5. Sterile area boundaries and procedures, facilities and equipment 
    used to control access, other than the passenger screening checkpoint;
        6. Personnel background check procedures;
        7. Personnel and vehicle identification systems;
        8. Escort and challenge procedures;
        9. Employee and tenant training programs;
        10. Schedule for submitting records;
        11. Procedures, facilities, and equipment supporting air carrier 
    passenger screening operations, including law enforcement support;
        12. Procedures, facilities, and equipment supporting the 
    contingency plan;
        13. Procedures for handling Security Directives, Information 
    Circulars, and classified information, as appropriate;
        14. Procedures for public advisories;
        15. Incident management procedures; and
        16. Each airport tenant security agreement, including a description 
    of the area and procedures, facilities, and equipment used to perform 
    the control functions, and methods by which the airport operator will 
    monitor and audit the tenant.
        A second level of standards, contained in proposed Sec. 107.103(b), 
    would be required for airport operators serving air carrier operations 
    described in proposed Sec. 108.101 (a)(2) and (a)(3) and existing 
    Sec. 129.25 (b)(2) and (b)(3). Existing Sec. 107.3(g) requires an 
    airport operator to have a security program if served by scheduled 
    passenger or public charter operations where passengers are enplaned 
    from, or deplaned into, a sterile area. Proposed Sec. 107.103(b) would 
    still require an airport serving these type of air carrier operations 
    to have an airport security program but, by referencing proposed 
    Sec. 108.101 (a)(2) and (a)(3), these operations would be expanded to 
    also cover public charter operations using aircraft with less than 61 
    seats and any private charter operations when passengers are enplaned 
    from, or deplaned into, a sterile area.
        For such airports, the minimum law enforcement standards would 
    remain essentially the same; however, requirements for an airport 
    security coordinator, as well as the establishment of contingency plans 
    and incident response procedures, are proposed. As these additions 
    typically are procedural in nature, the FAA believes that the inclusion 
    of such requirements would not unduly burden airports with such limited 
    operations. Instead, this enhancement would promote better compliance 
    and emergency preparedness by ensuring better coordination and 
    dissemination of security-related information, and response to threats 
    to civil aviation.
        Specifically, this notice proposes that an airport operator serving 
    air carrier operations specified in proposed Sec. 108.101 (a)(2) and 
    (a)(3) and existing Sec. 129.25 (b)(2) and (b)(3) would continue to 
    have in their security program the descriptions of law enforcement 
    support and training, the descriptions of a system for maintaining 
    records, and also the identity and means to contact the airport 
    security coordinator.
        Proposed Sec. 107.103(b) also would require such airports to 
    include in their security program a description of the following:
        1. Airport security coordinator duties and training;
        2. Schedule for submitting records;
        3. Procedures, facilities, and equipment supporting the contingency 
    plan;
        4. Procedures for handling Security Directives, Information 
    Circulars, and classified information, as appropriate;
        5. Procedures for public advisories; and
        6. Incident management procedures.
        The third and final level in proposed Sec. 107.103(c) is intended 
    for airports served by air carriers required to have a security program 
    under proposed Sec. 108.101(a)(4) and existing Sec. 129.25(b)(4). 
    Similar to existing Sec. 107.3(f), an airport security program would be 
    required if the airport is served by air carriers that have scheduled 
    passenger operations in an aircraft with a passenger seating 
    configuration of more than 30 but less than 61 seats. Proposed 
    Sec. 108.101(a)(4), however, would expand the applicability to public 
    charter operations as well as private charter operations using aircraft 
    with more than 30 seats and any type of international operation using 
    an aircraft of less than 61 seats to and from the United States. Such 
    air carriers would not be required to implement all security measures 
    at all times. They would implement portions of their security program 
    only when directed by the Administrator to do so.
        Similar to the second level of airport security program 
    requirements, the FAA proposes to expand program requirements for this 
    third category of airports to include establishing procedures for 
    incident response and public advisories. Again, the FAA views these 
    additions as procedural and not unduly burdensome, and believes they
    
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    would promote a higher level of emergency preparedness.
        Specifically, this notice proposes that an airport operator serving 
    air carrier operations specified in proposed Sec. 108.101(a)(4) and 
    existing Sec. 129.25(b)(4) would continue to have in their security 
    program the descriptions of law enforcement support availability and 
    training, the descriptions of a system for maintaining records, and 
    also the identity and means to contact the airport security 
    coordinator. Proposed Sec. 107.103(c) also would require such airports 
    to include in their security program a description of the following:
        1. Airport security coordinator duties and training;
        2. A schedule for submitting records;
        3. Procedures for handling Security Directives, Information 
    Circulars, and classified information, as appropriate;
        4. Procedures for public advisories;
        5. Incident management procedures.
        The following chart compares security program requirements between 
    airports served by different levels of air carrier operations:
    
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Airport served by           
                                   -----------------------------------------
                                                   Other schd.              
                                      Scheduled    operations        Any    
         Proposed requirement        operations    and public/   operations 
                                     and public      private    not required
                                    charter > 60     charter     to screen < seats="" required="" to="" 61="" seats="" screen="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" airport="" security="" coordinator="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.5).......="" x="" x="" x="" security="" compliance="" program="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.103(a)(2))...............="" x="" alternate="" security="" procedures="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.103(a)(19))..............="" x="" critical="" security="" area="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.201).....="" x="" restricted="" operations="" area="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.203).....="" x="" access="" controls="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(1)="" and="" sec.="" 107.205).....................="" x="" signs="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.201(b)(7)="" and="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(7))...............="" x="" personnel="" background="" check="" procedures="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(2)="" and="" sec.="" 107.207).....................="" x="" personnel/vehicle="" identification="" systems="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.209).....="" x="" escort="" procedures="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.205(d))............="" x="" challenge="" procedures="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.209(f))............="" x="" training="" programs="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.211)...............="" x="" law="" enforcement="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.213,="" sec.="" 107.215="" and="" sec.="" 107.217)...............="" x="" x="" x="" records="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.219).....................="" x="" x="" x="" contingency="" plan="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.301)...............="" x="" x="" security="" directives/="" information="" circulars="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.303).....="" x="" x="" x="" public="" advisories="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.305)...............="" x="" x="" x="" incident="" management="" and="" notification="" procedures="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.307).....="" x="" x="" x="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" section="" 107.105="" approval="" and="" amendments="" to="" facilitate="" the="" amendment="" process,="" this="" notice="" proposes="" that="" existing="" secs.="" 107.5,="" 107.9,="" and="" 107.11="" be="" combined="" into="" a="" single="" section,="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.105,="" and="" revised="" to="" make="" the="" process="" consistent="" in="" both="" parts="" 107="" and="" 108.="" several="" changes="" are="" proposed="" to="" the="" amendment="" process="" itself.="" proposed="" sec.="" 108.105="" prescribes="" the="" same="" approval="" and="" amendment="" procedures.="" throughout="" this="" new="" proposed="" section,="" any="" references="" to="" the="" ``director="" of="" civil="" aviation="" security''="" are="" replaced="" with="" ``assistant="" administrator.''="" petition="" deadlines="" also="" have="" been="" included="" for="" airport="" operators.="" specifically,="" paragraph="" (a)(2)="" proposes="" that="" airport="" operators="" submit="" to="" the="" administrator="" a="" petition="" for="" reconsideration="" within="" 30="" days="" after="" receiving="" the="" notice="" to="" modify.="" paragraphs="" (d)="" and="" (e)="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.5="" have="" been="" combined="" into="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.105(a)(3)="" which="" provide="" for="" the="" administrator="" to="" dispose="" of="" any="" petition="" within="" 30="" days="" of="" receipt.="" the="" faa="" also="" specifies,="" in="" paragraph="" (a)(2),="" that="" the="" filing="" of="" a="" petition="" stays="" the="" notice="" to="" modify="" pending="" a="" decision="" by="" the="" administrator.="" such="" timeframes="" are="" intended="" to="" promote="" timely="" and="" efficient="" action="" by="" both="" the="" airport="" operator="" and="" the="" faa.="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" new="" section="" would="" prescribe="" procedures="" for="" an="" airport="" operator="" to="" request="" an="" amendment="" to="" its="" airport="" security="" program="" now="" covered="" under="" existing="" sec.="" 107.9.="" currently="" sec.="" 107.9="" states="" that="" an="" airport="" operator="" requesting="" approval="" of="" a="" proposed="" amendment="" to="" its="" program="" must="" submit="" the="" request="" 30="" days="" prior="" to="" the="" effective="" date="" of="" the="" amendment.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" increase="" the="" number="" of="" days="" prior="" to="" the="" effective="" date="" that="" the="" airport="" must="" submit="" its="" proposed="" amendment="" from="" 30="" to="" 45="" days.="" the="" proposed="" rule="" also="" notes="" that="" the="" amendment="" process="" may="" take="" longer="" than="" 45="" days="" if="" the="" proposed="" amendment="" is="" modified="" or="" denied.="" these="" languages="" changes="" are="" intended="" to="" allow="" extra="" time="" for="" discussion="" with="" the="" faa="" and="" assist="" airport="" operators="" in="" planning="" for="" program="" changes.="" existing="" sec.="" 107.9="" also="" states="" that="" the="" faa="" will="" respond="" to="" an="" amendment="" proposed="" by="" the="" airport="" operator="" within="" 15="" days.="" the="" proposal="" extends="" this="" time="" period="" to="" provide="" the="" faa="" with="" a="" more="" realistic="" period="" in="" which="" to="" conduct="" a="" comprehensive="" review="" of="" the="" proposed="" amendment="" to="" an="" airport="" security="" program.="" under="" this="" proposal,="" the="" faa="" would="" have="" 30="" days="" after="" receipt="" for="" approval="" or="" denial="" of="" the="" proposed="" amendment.="" in="" proposed="" paragraph="" (b)(4)="" of="" this="" new="" section,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" modify="" existing="" sec.="" 107.9(d)="" to="" limit="" the="" time="" that="" an="" airport="" operator="" may="" petition="" the="" administrator="" to="" reconsider="" the="" denial="" to="" 30="" days.="" similar="" to="" proposed="" paragraph="" (a),="" this="" requirement="" is="" intended="" to="" ensure="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" takes="" prompt="" action="" on="" a="" petition="" and="" permits="" adequate="" time="" to="" exchange="" relevant="" information="" and="" support="" documentation.="" retention="" of="" the="" faa's="" existing="" procedures="" to="" amend="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" is="" proposed="" in="" paragraphs="" (c)="" and="" (d).="" two="" significant="" changes,="" however,="" are="" being="" proposed="" to="" the="" existing="" procedures="" of="" sec.="" 107.11:="" (1)="" a="" new="" requirement="" for="" airport="" operators="" to="" submit="" petitions="" for="" reconsideration="" no="" later="" than="" 15="" days="" before="" the="" effective="" date="" of="" the="" amendment,="" and="" (2)="" a="" clarification="" that="" a="" petition="" for="" [[page="" 41770]]="" reconsideration="" stays="" the="" effective="" date="" of="" the="" amendment.="" these="" changes="" also="" are="" proposed="" to="" ensure="" a="" timely="" and="" efficient="" exchange="" of="" information.="" the="" asac="" recommended="" that="" any="" amendment="" issued="" by="" the="" faa="" to="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" include="" an="" expiration="" date.="" the="" committee="" was="" concerned="" that="" the="" faa="" may="" use="" the="" amendment="" process="" to="" circumvent="" the="" rulemaking="" process="" and="" suggested="" that="" the="" faa="" be="" required="" to="" initiate="" a="" formal="" rulemaking="" if="" it="" wished="" the="" provisions="" of="" the="" amendment="" to="" continue="" after="" the="" expiration="" date.="" when="" there="" is="" information="" that="" cannot="" be="" discussed="" in="" a="" public="" forum,="" amendment="" of="" the="" security="" program="" provides="" a="" means="" to="" impose="" and="" implement="" a="" new="" requirement.="" the="" faa="" does="" not="" believe="" it="" would="" be="" in="" the="" best="" interest="" of="" the="" traveling="" public="" to="" require="" a="" rulemaking="" for="" every="" amendment="" to="" an="" airport="" security="" program,="" but="" will="" establish="" internal="" procedures="" to="" periodically="" review="" amendments="" to="" ensure="" that="" their="" inclusion="" in="" the="" security="" program,="" rather="" than="" part="" 107,="" is="" appropriate.="" section="" 107.107="" changed="" conditions="" affecting="" security="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" be="" new="" and="" would="" include="" changed="" conditions="" that="" currently="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" take="" corrective="" action="" under="" existing="" sec.="" 107.7.="" it="" would="" expand="" the="" scope="" of="" the="" requirement="" to="" encompass="" all="" the="" elements="" of="" the="" security="" program.="" the="" faa="" believes="" that="" every="" element="" of="" a="" security="" program="" plays="" an="" essential="" part="" in="" the="" overall="" integrity="" of="" an="" airport's="" security="" system.="" therefore,="" the="" faa="" intends="" to="" expand="" those="" conditions="" that="" must="" be="" reported="" to="" ensure="" that="" any="" changes="" that="" may="" impact="" security="" will="" be="" reported="" to="" the="" faa="" and="" addressed="" as="" soon="" as="" possible.="" the="" proposed="" rule="" language="" reflects="" the="" need="" for="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" report="" any="" changes="" in="" the="" physical="" layout="" of="" the="" airport="" terminal="" area="" that="" may="" have="" an="" impact="" on="" the="" checkpoint="" screening="" operation="" for="" which="" an="" air="" carrier="" is="" responsible.="" similarly,="" this="" section="" proposes="" to="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" report="" any="" changes="" in="" air="" carrier="" and="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" aircraft="" operations="" that="" could="" lead="" to="" a="" regulatory="" requirement,="" such="" as="" a="" change="" to="" an="" air="" carrier's="" level="" of="" service,="" aircraft,="" or="" leasehold.="" the="" proposal,="" like="" the="" existing="" regulation,="" would="" establish="" procedures="" for="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" follow="" when="" a="" changed="" condition="" occurs.="" currently,="" it="" is="" necessary="" for="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" follow="" routine="" amendment="" procedures="" set="" forth="" in="" sec.="" 107.9="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.107)="" when="" specific="" elements="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" change.="" these="" procedures="" would="" be="" augmented="" under="" this="" proposal="" to="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" initially="" notify="" the="" faa="" within="" 2="" hours,="" or="" within="" an="" approved="" timeframe,="" of="" the="" discovery="" of="" any="" changed="" condition="" that="" could="" affect="" how="" an="" airport="" complies="" with="" regulatory="" requirements.="" the="" availability="" of="" electronic="" communication,="" overnight="" delivery="" services,="" and="" local="" faa="" field="" offices="" would="" seemingly="" provide="" the="" means="" for="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" readily="" communicate="" changes="" to="" the="" faa.="" while="" the="" proposed="" language="" provides="" flexibility="" in="" notification="" time,="" comments="" are="" requested,="" however,="" on="" the="" feasibility="" of="" a="" 2-hour="" notification="" requirement.="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" during="" this="" initial="" notification="" to="" obtain="" verbal="" approval="" of="" any="" interim="" measures="" to="" be="" taken="" to="" maintain="" adequate="" security.="" as="" is="" currently="" the="" case,="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" still="" allow="" the="" faa="" to="" issue="" an="" emergency="" security="" program="" amendment="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.105(d)="" if="" an="" agreement="" on="" adequate="" interim="" measures="" cannot="" be="" reached.="" however,="" new="" language="" provides="" relief="" in="" responding="" to="" short-term="" changes.="" after="" this="" initial="" notification,="" paragraphs="" (c)="" and="" (d)="" propose="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" follow="" certain="" procedures="" to="" amend="" its="" security="" program="" to="" reflect="" the="" change.="" for="" changed="" conditions="" under="" 60="" days'="" duration,="" paragraph="" (c)="" proposes="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" be="" relieved="" from="" the="" amendment="" process="" required="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.105="" and="" only="" be="" required="" to="" provide="" written="" notification="" within="" 72="" hours="" for="" faa="" approval.="" recognizing="" that="" many="" changed="" conditions="" affecting="" security="" can="" be="" readily="" resolved="" in="" less="" time="" than="" it="" would="" take="" to="" complete="" the="" formal="" amendment="" process,="" the="" faa="" intends="" this="" change="" to="" provide="" some="" relief="" in="" reporting="" to="" the="" faa="" any="" short-="" term="" or="" temporary="" changes="" while="" ensuring="" that="" the="" faa="" retains="" oversight="" of="" temporary="" or="" short-term="" changed="" conditions="" to="" security.="" proposed="" paragraph="" (d)="" of="" this="" section="" would="" provide="" procedures="" for="" the="" disposition="" of="" changed="" conditions="" anticipated="" to="" be="" over="" 60="" days="" in="" duration.="" these="" procedures="" are="" currently="" used="" for="" all="" instances="" of="" a="" changed="" condition="" affecting="" security.="" section="" 107.109="" alternative="" means="" of="" compliance="" this="" proposed="" section="" is="" new.="" it="" would="" be="" added="" to="" provide="" relief="" in="" certain="" unique="" circumstances="" from="" the="" full="" requirements="" of="" an="" airport="" security="" program.="" specifically,="" it="" would="" provide="" relief="" for="" small="" airports="" located="" in="" communities="" that="" are="" only="" served="" by="" seasonal="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" traffic="" (such="" as="" ski="" resorts),="" remotely="" located,="" subject="" to="" extreme="" environmental="" conditions,="" or="" have="" limited="" facilities="" and="" few="" employees.="" often="" these="" airports="" serve="" aircraft="" larger="" than="" 60="" seats="" for="" only="" a="" portion="" of="" the="" year,="" or="" on="" an="" infrequent="" but="" regular="" basis="" (e.g.="" one="" operation="" per="" day,="" three="" operations="" per="" week,="" winter="" operations="" only).="" however,="" under="" the="" definition="" of="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.103(a),="" such="" airports="" would="" be="" required="" to="" have="" a="" comprehensive="" security="" program.="" this="" section="" would="" permit="" the="" faa="" to="" approve="" airport="" operators="" of="" such="" airports="" to="" use="" alternative="" means="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" the="" rule="" while="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" operations="" with="" aircraft="" having="" more="" than="" 60="" seats="" necessitate="" more="" complex="" security="" measures,="" the="" faa="" recognizes="" that="" requiring="" such="" airports="" to="" implement="" security="" measures="" at="" the="" same="" level="" of="" intensity="" as="" larger="" airports="" would="" not="" always="" be="" necessary="" to="" achieve="" the="" required="" level="" of="" security.="" currently,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" can="" allow="" for="" flexibility="" in="" applying="" security="" measures="" at="" such="" airports,="" and="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" incorporate="" this="" process="" in="" proposed="" part="" 107.="" to="" petition="" for="" relief="" from="" part="" 107="" requirements,="" larger="" airport="" operators="" would="" still="" have="" to="" use="" the="" exemption="" process="" under="" existing="" sec.="" 11.25,="" petitions="" for="" rule="" making="" or="" exemptions.="" section="" 107.111="" exclusive="" area="" agreements="" the="" faa="" proposes="" a="" new="" section="" devoted="" to="" exclusive="" area="" agreements.="" existing="" part="" 107="" includes="" exclusive="" area="" agreements="" as="" a="" provision="" of="" sec.="" 107.3(b)(3)="" and="" (b)(5)="" and="" sec.="" 107.13,="" security="" of="" air="" operations="" area.="" as="" exclusive="" area="" agreements="" are="" a="" part="" of="" an="" airport="" operator's="" security="" program="" and="" detail="" part="" 107="" responsibilities="" assumed="" by="" air="" carriers,="" the="" faa="" believes="" that="" the="" requirements="" for="" exclusive="" areas="" should="" be="" more="" closely="" tied="" to="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" and="" addressed="" in="" a="" separate="" section.="" paragraph="" (a)="" proposes="" expanding="" the="" existing="" exclusive="" area="" responsibilities="" for="" air="" carriers="" and="" foreign="" air="" carriers="" to="" include="" individual="" access="" points="" (e.g.,="" doors).="" the="" security="" responsibilities="" for="" these="" points="" may="" be="" assumed="" by="" a="" part="" 108="" air="" carrier="" or="" part="" 129="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" based="" on="" an="" agreement="" with="" the="" [[page="" 41771]]="" airport="" operator.="" this="" section="" also="" proposes="" updating="" the="" terminology="" of="" the="" areas="" in="" which="" exclusive="" area="" agreements="" are="" applied="" from="" the="" air="" operations="" area="" to="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas.="" in="" 1992,="" the="" faa="" initiated="" a="" test="" program="" to="" allow="" several="" all-="" cargo="" carriers="" to="" enter="" into="" exclusive="" area="" agreements="" with="" airports="" by="" which="" they="" assumed="" the="" responsibility="" for="" control="" of="" access="" to="" and="" movement="" within="" their="" leaseholds.="" the="" requirements="" of="" part="" 108="" do="" not="" apply="" to="" all-cargo="" carriers.="" the="" test="" program="" has="" been="" successful="" and="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" allow="" all-cargo="" carriers="" which="" have="" voluntarily="" implemented="" security="" programs="" under="" part="" 108="" enter="" into="" exclusive="" area="" agreements="" with="" airport="" operators.="" section="" 107.113="" aiport="" tenant="" security="" programs="" this="" new="" section="" proposes="" to="" permit="" the="" use="" of="" airport="" tenant="" security="" programs="" that="" allow="" airport="" tenants="" other="" than="" air="" carriers="" or="" foreign="" air="" carriers="" to="" assume="" some="" of="" an="" airport="" operator's="" security="" responsibilities,="" as="" specified="" in="" 49="" u.s.c.="" 44903(c)(2).="" while="" statutory="" language="" does="" not="" require="" the="" faa="" to="" approve="" airport="" tenant="" security="" programs,="" the="" faa="" believes="" the="" judicious="" use="" of="" such="" programs="" would="" result="" in="" better="" compliance="" by="" more="" directly="" involving="" airport="" tenants="" in="" the="" implementation="" of="" security="" measures.="" the="" faa="" is="" concerned,="" however,="" that="" under="" an="" airport="" tenant="" security="" agreement,="" security="" violations="" and="" the="" associated="" monetary="" penalties="" could="" be="" viewed="" as="" a="" justifiable="" cost="" of="" doing="" business.="" in="" order="" to="" counter="" that="" possibility,="" the="" proposal="" would="" require="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" to="" specify="" not="" only="" the="" enforcement="" steps,="" but="" also="" the="" point="" at="" which="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" would="" be="" terminated="" if="" the="" tenant="" continued="" to="" violate="" it.="" while="" similar="" in="" concept="" to="" the="" air="" carrier="" exclusive="" area="" agreement,="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" language="" would="" differ="" in="" an="" important="" matter--the="" tenant="" would="" be="" responsible="" to="" the="" airport="" operator="" rather="" than="" directly="" to="" the="" faa.="" the="" airport="" operator="" would="" function="" much="" as="" the="" faa="" does="" by="" performing="" compliance="" and="" enforcement="" functions.="" the="" tenant="" security="" program="" would="" have="" to="" specify="" the="" measures="" by="" which="" the="" tenant="" would="" control="" access="" and="" meet="" other="" part="" 107="" requirements="" on="" its="" leasehold.="" these="" measures="" would="" have="" to="" be="" agreed="" upon="" by="" the="" faa,="" the="" airport="" operator,="" and="" the="" airport="" tenant,="" and="" specified="" in="" a="" written="" agreement="" within="" the="" security="" program.="" statutory="" language="" requires="" a="" security="" program="" of="" an="" airport="" tenant="" to="" include="" the="" methods="" the="" airports="" operator="" will="" use="" to="" monitor="" and="" audit="" the="" tenant's="" compliance,="" the="" enforcement="" procedures="" used="" in="" cases="" of="" non-compliance,="" and="" a="" provision="" requiring="" the="" tenant="" to="" pay="" financial="" penalties="" to="" the="" airport="" operator="" if="" the="" tenant="" fails="" to="" carry="" out="" its="" security="" responsibilities.="" this="" last="" provision="" would="" require="" the="" program="" to="" include="" the="" dollar="" amount="" of="" fines="" and="" other="" penalty="" action="" for="" each="" type="" of="" violation.="" an="" airport="" operator="" complying="" with="" all="" measures="" for="" security="" compliance="" with="" a="" tenant="" security="" program,="" as="" outlined="" in="" its="" airport="" security="" program,="" may="" not="" be="" found="" in="" violation="" by="" the="" faa="" for="" security="" violations="" occurring="" on="" the="" tenant's="" leased="" area.="" however,="" this="" section="" should="" not="" be="" misconstrued="" as="" diminishing="" to="" any="" degree="" the="" requirements="" reflected="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" or="" the="" airport="" operator's="" regulatory="" responsibilities.="" paragraph="" (d)="" also="" would="" specify="" that="" the="" faa="" may="" terminate="" an="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" at="" any="" time="" if="" the="" tenant="" fails="" to="" provide="" an="" acceptable="" level="" of="" security.="" the="" faa="" requests="" comments="" from="" airport="" operators="" and="" airport="" tenants="" not="" regulated="" under="" part="" 108="" who="" would="" be="" affected="" by="" this="" proposed="" section.="" specifically,="" any="" recommendations="" for="" procedures="" or="" policy="" that="" the="" faa="" should="" issue="" regarding="" implementation="" of="" this="" section="" are="" welcomed.="" subpart="" c--operations="" section="" 107.201="" security="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" this="" proposed="" new="" section="" would="" provide="" a="" more="" simplified="" approach="" to="" designating="" areas="" to="" be="" controlled="" for="" security="" purposes.="" as="" proposed,="" there="" would="" then="" only="" be="" two="" types="" of="" protected="" areas,="" and="" security="" measures="" would="" be="" prescribed="" separately="" for="" each.="" the="" specific="" requirements="" of="" these="" measures="" would="" be="" found="" in="" subsequent="" sections="" of="" the="" proposed="" rule.="" existing="" part="" 107="" requires="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" designate="" a="" portion="" of="" the="" airport="" where="" security="" measures="" are="" applied="" to="" protect="" areas="" used="" for="" ``landing,="" taking="" off,="" or="" surface="" maneuvering="" of="" airplanes.''="" this="" area="" is="" called="" the="" air="" operations="" area="" (aoa)="" and="" existing="" sec.="" 107.13="" prescribes="" standards="" for="" controlling="" access="" and="" movement="" of="" persons="" and="" vehicles="" within="" it.="" the="" specifics="" of="" how="" an="" airport="" operator="" meets="" these="" standards="" are="" detailed="" in="" its="" airport="" security="" program.="" the="" current="" regulation="" also="" requires="" airports="" served="" by="" larger="" air="" carrier="" aircraft="" to="" use="" stringent="" access="" and="" identification="" controls="" within="" certain="" portions="" of="" the="" aoa.="" one="" of="" these="" portions,="" the="" secured="" area,="" was="" created="" with="" existing="" sec.="" 107.14,="" access="" control="" system.="" section="" 107.14="" requires="" the="" implementation="" of="" complex="" access="" control="" measures="" in="" certain="" portions="" of="" the="" aoa="" where="" air="" carriers="" operate.="" the="" faa="" also="" required="" airport="" operators="" 2.5="" years="" later="" to="" implement="" additional="" identification="" display="" and="" training="" procedures="" to="" provide="" even="" more="" protection="" to="" air="" carrier="" aircraft="" within="" a="" portion="" of="" the="" aoa.="" designated="" as="" the="" security="" identification="" display="" area="" (sida),="" this="" portion="" of="" the="" aoa="" overlaps="" or="" is="" identical="" to="" the="" secured="" area.="" the="" interrelated="" nature="" of="" the="" aoa,="" the="" secured="" area,="" and="" the="" sida="" has="" created="" considerable="" confusion="" in="" the="" aviation="" community.="" the="" secured="" area="" has="" frequently="" been="" misinterpreted="" to="" mean="" all="" areas="" of="" the="" airport="" controlled="" for="" security="" purposes.="" the="" extent="" of="" its="" application="" has="" been="" regularly="" disputed,="" and="" it="" is="" often="" considered="" to="" be="" independent="" of="" the="" aoa.="" likewise,="" the="" scope="" of="" the="" aoa="" has="" become="" unclear,="" and="" the="" term="" is="" used="" within="" the="" industry="" and="" the="" faa="" for="" other="" purposes.="" for="" example,="" advisory="" circular="" 150/5370-10a,="" standards="" for="" specifying="" construction="" of="" airports,="" uses="" the="" term="" aoa="" for="" safety="" and="" construction="" purposes.="" also,="" the="" identification="" requirements="" of="" the="" secured="" area.="" the="" asac="" expressed="" dissatisfaction="" with="" the="" terms="" being="" used="" to="" describe="" existing="" security="" areas="" and="" recommended="" that="" current="" terms="" and="" requirements="" be="" regrouped="" into="" two="" areas="" only:="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" (roa)="" and="" the="" secured="" operations="" area="" (soa).="" as="" proposed="" by="" the="" asac,="" the="" soa="" would="" essentially="" replace="" the="" secured="" area="" and="" the="" sida,="" and="" the="" roa="" would="" replace="" the="" air="" operations="" area.="" the="" faa="" believes="" that="" the="" terms="" ``soa''="" and="" ``roa''="" are="" too="" similar="" and="" could="" be="" inadvertently="" interchanged,="" resulting="" in="" further="" confusion="" and="" misunderstanding.="" instead,="" to="" accomplish="" the="" same="" purpose,="" the="" faa="" proposes,="" the="" terms="" ``critical="" security="" area''="" as="" the="" area="" with="" the="" highest="" level="" of="" security.="" this="" area="" would="" be="" approximately="" that="" of="" the="" current="" secured="" area.="" the="" term="" roa="" would="" apply="" approximately="" to="" areas="" now="" termed="" ``aoa''.="" the="" faa="" also="" proposes="" to="" require="" the="" continuous="" display="" of="" airport-issued="" or="" airport-approved="" identification="" media="" in="" all="" areas="" to="" be="" secured.="" this="" change="" would="" apply="" current="" sida="" requirements="" to="" all="" critical="" [[page="" 41772]]="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas,="" thus="" eliminating="" the="" need="" for="" a="" separate="" display="" area.="" a="" tightly="" controlled="" identification="" system="" can="" be="" used="" in="" tandem="" with="" access="" control="" measures="" that="" may="" not="" necessarily="" meet="" all="" of="" the="" performance="" standards="" of="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.205(a),="" such="" as="" group="" access,="" to="" achieve="" an="" acceptable="" level="" of="" security.="" by="" requiring="" identification="" media="" to="" be="" displayed="" in="" both="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" and="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area,="" identification="" media="" would="" be="" used="" as="" a="" means="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" requirement="" to="" control="" movement="" to="" and="" from="" such="" areas.="" the="" faa="" continues="" to="" view="" identification="" systems="" as="" one="" of="" the="" most="" effective="" means="" to="" control="" movement="" in="" any="" portion="" of="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.201="" would="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" establish="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" and="" implement="" certain="" security="" measures="" in="" this="" area.="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area="" essentially="" would="" replace="" the="" secured="" area="" that="" originated="" with="" existing="" sec.="" 107.14.="" consistent="" with="" existing="" faa="" policy,="" only="" the="" most="" critical="" security="" sensitive="" portions="" of="" an="" airport="" would="" need="" to="" be="" designated="" as="" critical="" security="" areas.="" generally,="" those="" portions="" of="" the="" airport="" are="" the="" nonplubic="" areas="" where="" passenger="" and="" baggage="" operations="" are="" conducted.="" adjacent="" areas="" to="" passenger="" and="" baggage="" operations="" also="" may="" be="" included="" in="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" if="" such="" areas="" cannot="" be="" separated="" by="" security="" measures="" such="" as="" time="" and="" distance="" or="" a="" physical="" barrier.="" the="" intent="" is="" to="" more="" clearly="" describe="" the="" areas="" of="" the="" airport="" in="" which="" security="" interests="" are="" the="" most="" critical,="" and="" security="" measures="" should="" be="" applied="" accordingly.="" the="" following="" table="" illustrates="" the="" differences="" in="" security="" requirements="" between="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area="" and="" the="" proposed="" restricted="" operations="" area:="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" critical="" restricted="" requirements="" security="" operations="" area="" area="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" complex="" access="" controls...........................="" x="" baseline="" access="" controls..........................="" x="" escort="" procedures.................................="" x="" x="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" system.......="" x="" x="" continuous="" display="" of="" identification..............="" x="" x="" challenge="" program.................................="" x="" x="" employment="" history="" verification...................="" x="" x="" criminal="" records="" check............................="" x="" security="" training.................................="" x="" security="" briefing.................................="" x="" signs.............................................="" x="" x="" ------------------------------------------------------------------------="" the="" faa="" proposes="" that="" airport="" operators="" be="" required="" to="" use="" access="" controls="" in="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" that="" meet="" the="" current="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 107.14="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.205(a)).="" airport="" operators="" and="" air="" carriers="" have="" invested="" considerable="" resources="" implementing="" the="" access="" control="" requirements="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.14,="" and="" the="" faa="" believes="" this="" investment="" has="" resulted="" in="" greater="" protection="" of="" the="" areas="" that="" provide="" access="" to="" air="" carrier="" aircraft.="" while="" operational="" difficulties="" have="" been="" encountered="" with="" the="" use="" of="" these="" controls,="" the="" faa="" will="" continue="" to="" support="" their="" use="" and="" work="" with="" airport="" operators="" to="" address="" operational="" concerns,="" such="" as="" efficient="" control="" of="" group="" access="" (see="" the="" discussion="" below="" of="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.205,="" access="" control="" systems).="" the="" faa="" also="" proposes="" to="" continue="" to="" require="" identification="" in="" the="" critical="" security="" area,="" but="" to="" further="" simplify="" regulatory="" requirements,="" training="" and="" identification="" requirements="" would="" no="" longer="" be="" linked="" together="" as="" currently="" prescribed="" in="" sec.="" 107.25.="" instead,="" this="" notice="" proposes="" to="" separate="" requirements="" for="" training="" and="" for="" identification="" systems="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" must="" implement="" in="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.201="" would="" establish="" the="" requirement="" for="" an="" identification="" system="" that="" incorporates="" the="" standards="" of="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.209,="" including="" the="" implementation="" of="" a="" challenge="" program.="" identification="" systems="" are="" already="" in="" use="" at="" most="" airports="" covered="" by="" this="" section="" of="" the="" proposal,="" and="" the="" faa="" contends="" that="" such="" systems="" are="" essential.="" further,="" the="" inclusion="" of="" access="" control="" and="" identification="" requirements="" also="" permits="" the="" united="" states="" to="" meet="" its="" obligations="" under="" the="" convention="" on="" international="" civil="" aviation="" to="" comply="" with="" international="" civil="" aviation="" organization="" (cao)="" standards.="" icao's="" annex="" 17="" to="" the="" convention="" establishes="" international="" security="" standards="" and="" recommended="" practices.="" standard="" 4.4.1="" of="" annex="" 17="" requires="" member="" states="" to="" establish="" procedures="" and="" identification="" systems="" to="" prevent="" unauthorized="" access="" by="" persons="" and="" vehicles="" to="" security="" areas="" of="" an="" airport.="" under="" this="" section,="" individuals="" with="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" would="" continue="" to="" be="" required="" to="" submit="" to="" a="" personnel="" background="" check="" as="" required="" under="" existing="" sec.="" 107.31="" and="" receive="" training="" consistent="" with="" that="" currently="" required="" in="" sec.="" 107.25.="" fbi="" criminal="" history="" checks="" are="" required="" for="" those="" applying="" for="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" if="" designated="" ``triggers''="" are="" raised="" during="" an="" employment="" history="" review="" and="" verification.="" the="" standards="" for="" access="" investigation="" are="" contained="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.207.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.201(b)(6)="" would="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" train="" individuals="" in="" a="" manner="" prescribed="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.211="" prior="" to="" authorizing="" such="" individuals="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area.="" the="" training="" requirement="" outlined="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.211="" is="" consistent="" with="" the="" underlying="" principle="" that="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" is="" the="" focus="" of="" the="" airport="" operator's="" security="" measures.="" therefore,="" proposed="" training="" requirements="" would="" be="" more="" involved="" for="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" than="" for="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" this="" section="" also="" proposes="" to="" incorporate="" signage="" concepts="" from="" faa="" advisory="" circular="" 107-1="" (may="" 19,="" 1972).="" this="" advisory="" circular="" recommends="" that="" airport="" operators="" appropriately="" post="" signs="" warning="" of="" the="" entry="" restrictions="" to="" certain="" areas="" at="" the="" airport="" and="" any="" penalties="" associated="" with="" unauthorized="" entry.="" proposed="" paragraph="" (b)(7)="" of="" this="" section="" would="" make="" this="" a="" requirement.="" rather="" than="" establish="" specific="" sign="" dimension="" or="" wording,="" the="" proposal="" sets="" a="" broad="" standard="" for="" signs,="" recognizing="" the="" different="" physical="" and="" operational="" characteristics="" of="" individual="" airports.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" be="" permitted="" 2="" years="" to="" implement="" the="" revised="" sign="" requirements.="" this="" would="" allow="" the="" airport="" operator="" time="" to="" coordinate="" sign="" modifications="" with="" other="" changes="" proposed="" in="" this="" section,="" such="" as="" identification="" systems="" and="" training.="" (see="" the="" proposed="" implementation="" schedule="" below.)="" section="" 107.203="" security="" of="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" as="" discussed="" in="" the="" analysis="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" in="" this="" new="" section="" to="" require="" the="" designation="" of="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area="" and="" to="" specify="" measures="" that="" must="" be="" implemented="" in="" it.="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" concept="" is="" based="" on="" the="" current="" aoa="" requirements,="" but="" the="" area="" to="" be="" protected="" would="" be="" further="" explained.="" although="" impossible="" to="" fully="" define="" for="" all="" airports,="" in="" general,="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" would="" be="" those="" areas="" where="" air="" carriers="" and="" foreign="" air="" [[page="" 41773]]="" carriers="" subject="" to="" parts="" 108="" and="" 129="" take="" off,="" land,="" taxi,="" park,="" and="" otherwise="" maneuver="" their="" aircraft="" (other="" than="" the="" critical="" security="" area),="" and="" adjacent="" areas="" that="" cannot="" be="" separated="" by="" other="" security="" measures.="" this="" would="" permit="" excluding="" some="" areas="" not="" used="" by="" such="" air="" carriers="" and="" foreign="" air="" carriers.="" it="" would="" require="" including="" some="" areas="" adjacent="" to="" runways="" and="" taxiways="" that="" cannot="" be="" separated="" by="" secondary="" controls.="" security="" measures="" similar="" in="" concept="" to="" the="" those="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" have="" been="" proposed="" for="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" to="" strengthen="" the="" overall="" airport="" security="" system,="" but="" with="" less="" complex="" standards="" for="" access="" control,="" training,="" and="" employment="" background="" checks="" commensurate="" with="" the="" less="" vulnerable="" operations="" within="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" similar="" to="" the="" differences="" between="" the="" access="" control="" requirements="" of="" existing="" secs.="" 107.13="" and="" 107.14,="" the="" means="" used="" to="" control="" access="" to="" and="" movement="" in="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" can="" differ="" from="" the="" standards="" to="" be="" employed="" in="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" that="" airport="" operators="" be="" required="" to="" use="" access="" controls="" in="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" that="" meet="" the="" current="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 107.13="" (proposed="" sec.="" 107.205(b)).="" however,="" unlike="" existing="" sec.="" 107.13,="" this="" section="" proposes="" additional="" accountability="" procedures="" (see="" the="" discussion="" below="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.205,="" access="" control="" systems).="" as="" in="" the="" critical="" security="" area,="" this="" section="" proposes="" that="" airport="" operators="" use="" an="" identification="" system="" to="" control="" movement="" that="" meets="" the="" standards="" prescribed="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.209.="" the="" expansion="" of="" identification="" requirements="" is="" not="" supported="" by="" the="" asac.="" the="" committee="" urged="" the="" faa="" to="" limit="" identification="" requirements="" to="" the="" secured="" area="" (proposed="" critical="" security="" area),="" leaving="" the="" airport="" operator="" the="" discretion="" to="" use="" an="" identification="" system="" in="" other="" areas.="" the="" faa="" acknowledges="" the="" need="" for="" airport="" operators="" to="" have="" the="" latitude="" to="" address="" local="" circumstances="" but="" believes="" that,="" if="" airport="" identification="" systems="" can="" be="" bolstered,="" more="" pressing="" operational="" concerns="" raised="" by="" the="" implementation="" of="" access="" control="" systems="" can="" be="" addressed="" with="" greater="" effectiveness.="" the="" more="" stringent="" identification="" measures="" proposed="" here="" permit="" the="" faa="" to="" propose="" permitting="" group="" access="" and="" secondary="" access="" media="" standards="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.205.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" require="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" implement="" the="" same="" escort="" and="" challenge="" procedures="" used="" in="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area;="" however,="" access="" investigation="" would="" differ.="" this="" section="" proposes="" to="" require="" existing="" employment="" history="" verification="" standards="" currently="" used="" in="" the="" aoa.="" this="" section="" also="" proposes="" requirements="" for="" signs="" similar="" to="" those="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area.="" section="" 107.205="" access="" control="" systems="" the="" faa="" proposes="" in="" this="" section="" to="" specify="" the="" requirements="" for="" access="" control="" systems="" that="" are="" required="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.201="" and,="" in="" some="" cases,="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.203.="" the="" performance="" standards="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.14="" are="" included="" in="" proposed="" paragraph="" (a)="" with="" modifications,="" and="" new="" procedures="" are="" proposed="" to="" address="" operational="" issues="" that="" have="" come="" about="" since="" the="" implementation="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.14.="" specifically,="" the="" existing="" performance="" standard="" requiring="" a="" system="" to="" limit="" access="" by="" time="" and="" date="" has="" been="" modified="" to="" emphasize="" that="" this="" standard="" is="" for="" contingency="" purposes="" only.="" during="" a="" recent="" review="" of="" contingency="" plans="" (see="" the="" discussion="" below="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.303,="" contingency="" plans),="" airport="" operators="" and="" air="" carriers="" expressed="" concern="" about="" the="" burden="" placed="" on="" airport="" operators="" to="" meet="" this="" performance="" standard.="" the="" asac="" concurred="" and="" suggested="" that="" the="" rule="" clarify="" that="" this="" performance="" standard="" be="" used="" for="" contingency="" purposes="" only.="" both="" airport="" operators="" and="" air="" carriers="" have="" urged="" the="" faa="" to="" develop="" technical="" specifications="" for="" access="" controls.="" this="" recommendation="" also="" was="" supported="" by="" gao.="" the="" faa="" agrees="" that="" there="" is="" a="" need="" for="" technical="" standards="" and="" is="" supporting="" current="" efforts="" to="" develop="" them,="" but="" does="" not="" consider="" the="" revised="" regulation="" as="" the="" proper="" venue="" to="" issue="" technical="" standards.="" (see="" the="" discussion="" below="" entitled="" ``universal="" access="" system.'')="" existing="" paragraph="" (b)="" would="" be="" replaced="" by="" access="" requirements="" for="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" while="" these="" requirements="" are="" similar="" to="" existing="" sec.="" 107.13,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" additional="" accountability="" procedures.="" currently,="" sec.="" 107.13="" only="" requires="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" use="" procedures="" to="" detect="" and="" respond="" to="" penetration="" of="" the="" aoa="" and="" does="" not="" specify="" any="" other="" performance="" or="" technical="" standards="" that="" such="" access="" controls="" must="" meet.="" to="" ensure="" better="" control="" of="" access="" media,="" proposed="" accountability="" procedures="" would="" include="" regular="" audits="" of="" issued="" access="" media,="" and="" measures="" to="" ensure="" that="" access="" controls="" are="" locally="" controlled="" and="" cannot="" be="" used="" to="" gain="" access="" to="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" of="" other="" airports.="" paragraph="" (c)="" is="" proposed="" to="" address="" concerns="" raised="" by="" the="" asac="" on="" the="" issuance="" of="" temporary="" access="" media="" to="" individuals="" who="" are="" not="" in="" possession="" of="" their="" original="" access="" media.="" a="" typical="" example="" of="" this="" is="" an="" airport="" or="" air="" carrier="" employee="" who="" shows="" up="" for="" work="" without="" her/="" his="" approved="" access="" medium="" and="" cannot="" practicably="" be="" escorted="" throughout="" her/his="" assigned="" shift.="" the="" existing="" regulatory="" language="" does="" not="" address="" this="" situation,="" but="" such="" temporary="" access="" media="" generally="" have="" been="" prohibited="" by="" local="" faa="" guidance.="" this="" paragraph="" proposes="" to="" allow="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" issue="" a="" second="" access="" medium="" to="" an="" individual="" as="" long="" as="" access="" authorization="" is="" verified,="" and="" other="" specific="" standards="" are="" met.="" paragraph="" (d)="" proposes="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" establish="" and="" implement="" escort="" procedures="" for="" individuals="" without="" access="" authority.="" many="" airport="" operators="" already="" have="" some="" type="" of="" escort="" procedure="" in="" place="" based="" on="" faa="" policy="" guidance,="" but="" such="" procedures="" are="" applied="" inconsistently.="" to="" ensure="" a="" more="" consistent="" application="" of="" these="" procedures,="" the="" faa="" believes="" escorting="" standards="" should="" be="" incorporated="" into="" the="" rule.="" this="" proposed="" section="" also="" addresses="" the="" issue="" of="" individual="" validation="" and="" group="" access.="" faa="" airport="" inspections="" that="" were="" prompted="" by="" the="" ig="" audit="" revealed="" that,="" despite="" best="" efforts,="" there="" are="" certain="" instances="" where="" individual="" validation="" of="" access="" authority="" has="" become="" operationally="" unfeasible.="" performance="" standards="" require="" an="" access="" control="" system="" that="" validates="" an="" individual's="" access="" authorization;="" however,="" unauthorized="" group="" access,="" commonly="" known="" as="" ``piggybacking,''="" often="" occurs.="" in="" such="" an="" instance,="" an="" individual="" with="" assumed="" authorized="" access="" passes="" through="" an="" access="" point="" without="" being="" subject="" to="" any="" control="" measures="" that="" validate="" authorization="" for="" that="" individual's="" access.="" as="" a="" result,="" the="" faa="" is="" reviewing="" alternative="" access="" measures="" to="" accommodate="" group="" validation="" of="" individual="" access="" authorization.="" the="" faa="" is="" currently="" conducting="" field="" tests="" of="" possible="" solutions.="" to="" support="" this="" effort,="" the="" faa="" is="" proposing="" paragraph="" (e)="" to="" allow="" airport="" operators="" to="" address="" the="" issue="" of="" group="" access.="" the="" present="" performance="" standards="" do="" not="" allow="" for="" group="" access,="" but="" this="" new="" language="" would="" allow="" the="" faa="" to="" work="" with="" each="" airport="" operator="" to="" resolve="" the="" issue="" locally.="" comments="" regarding="" the="" practicality="" of="" group="" access="" are="" requested.="" any="" recommendations="" on="" methods="" currently="" used="" for="" access="" of="" more="" than="" one="" authorized="" individual="" in="" a="" vehicle="" or="" [[page="" 41774]]="" more="" than="" a="" single="" individual="" at="" an="" access="" point="" would="" be="" helpful.="" for="" example,="" local="" procedures="" have="" been="" developed="" by="" some="" airports="" that="" allow="" for="" access="" validation="" of="" all="" persons="" in="" a="" vehicle="" without="" requiring="" each="" passenger="" in="" the="" vehicle="" to="" validate="" her/his="" access="" authorization="" by="" individually="" using="" the="" medium="" (e.g.,="" by="" ``swiping''="" a="" magnetic="" card).="" proposed="" paragraph="" (f)="" would="" address="" access="" control="" points="" that="" lead="" from="" non-public="" areas,="" other="" than="" critical="" security="" areas,="" to="" the="" sterile="" area.="" such="" non-public="" areas="" would="" include="" air="" carrier="" offices="" and="" storage="" areas.="" in="" some="" airports,="" a="" sterile="" area="" can="" be="" accessed="" via="" points="" other="" than="" the="" passenger-screening="" checkpoint.="" while="" current="" policy="" partially="" addresses="" access="" to="" the="" secured="" area="" from="" the="" sterile="" area,="" very="" little="" guidance="" exists="" for="" access="" to="" the="" sterile="" areas="" other="" than="" the="" passenger="" screening="" requirements="" of="" part="" 108.="" this="" rule="" would="" clarify="" that="" an="" individual="" could="" not="" be="" escorted="" from,="" for="" instance,="" a="" critical="" security="" area,="" into="" a="" sterile="" area="" and="" bypass="" the="" screening="" requirements="" of="" part="" 108.="" paragraph="" (g)="" of="" this="" section="" proposes="" to="" incorporate="" the="" current="" provisions="" for="" alternative="" access="" system.="" based="" on="" field="" experience,="" alternatives="" would="" address="" the="" use="" of="" the="" passenger-screening="" checkpoints="" as="" an="" acceptable="" access="" control="" measure="" used="" in="" combination="" with="" other="" control="" measures.="" further,="" this="" paragraph="" intends="" to="" permit="" alternatives="" for="" access="" controls="" measures="" on="" portions="" of="" the="" ramp="" where="" aircraft="" park="" or="" maneuver="" that="" lack="" physical="" barriers,="" such="" as="" doors="" or="" walls,="" on="" which="" to="" install="" traditional="" access="" controls.="" the="" sasp="" will="" also="" provide="" airport="" operators="" more="" guidance="" on="" acceptable="" alternatives="" to="" address="" unique="" physical="" or="" operational="" circumstances.="" special="" discussion="" on="" universal="" access="" system="" (usa)="" the="" implementation="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.14,="" access="" control="" systems,="" resulted="" in="" many="" different="" airport="" access="" control="" systems="" nationwide.="" such="" variances="" created="" access="" problems="" for="" air="" carrier="" air="" crews,="" whose="" duties="" require="" that="" they="" regularly="" travel="" to="" many="" different="" airports.="" typically,="" air="" crews="" must="" either="" obtain="" separate="" access="" media="" at="" every="" airport="" to="" which="" they="" fly="" or="" be="" escorted="" through="" access="" control="" points.="" the="" aviation="" industry="" made="" several="" attempts="" to="" remedy="" this="" situation;="" however,="" due="" primarily="" to="" financial="" constraints,="" was="" unable="" to="" resolve="" the="" problem.="" eventually,="" pilot="" groups="" and="" air="" carriers="" turned="" to="" the="" asac="" for="" assistance.="" the="" asac="" responded="" by="" organizing="" a="" working="" group="" to="" research,="" develop,="" and="" test="" standards,="" and="" devise="" an="" implementation="" plan="" for="" a="" national="" access="" control="" system="" that="" would="" permit="" transient="" air="" crewmembers="" to="" carry="" a="" single="" access="" control="" medium="" which="" will="" work="" at="" each="" airline's.="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" airport="" operator="" could="" implement="" such="" a="" system="" at="" either="" a="" select="" number="" of="" access="" points="" or="" incorporate="" it="" into="" its="" entire="" access="" control="" system.="" in="" october="" 1993,="" congress="" appropriated="" $2="" million="" dollars="" for="" development="" and="" testing="" of="" universal="" access="" system="" (uas)="" standards.="" the="" faa="" and="" the="" asac's="" uas="" working="" group="" (uaswg)="" have="" used="" these="" funds="" to="" develop="" preliminary="" standards="" and="" functional="" requirements,="" and="" to="" field="" test="" prototype="" installations.="" during="" this="" process,="" the="" asac="" also="" expressed="" interest="" in="" developing="" standards="" for="" all="" access="" control="" systems.="" the="" committee="" decided="" to="" use="" the="" services="" of="" (rtca,="" inc.),="" another="" federal="" advisory="" committee,="" to="" organize="" this="" effort,="" building="" on="" research="" and="" standards="" developed="" by="" the="" uas="" working="" group.="" at="" the="" request="" of="" the="" industry,="" the="" faa="" served="" as="" a="" co-chair="" of="" this="" taca="" group,="" which="" has="" since="" completed="" its="" work="" and="" compiled="" its="" recommendations="" into="" rtca="" document="" #d0230.="" once="" uas="" standards="" are="" finalized,="" appendix="" e="" of="" this="" document="" will="" be="" updated="" to="" include="" specific="" uas="" standards.="" these="" tests="" were="" conducted="" in="" cooperation="" with="" volunteer="" air="" carriers="" and="" airports,="" including="" northwest="" airlines="" and="" delta="" air="" lines;="" the="" detroit="" metro="" wayne="" county="" airport,="" and="" miami="" international="" airport.="" testing="" has="" been="" completed="" and="" a="" final="" test="" report="" is="" under="" review.="" next,="" the="" preliminary="" standards="" will="" be="" revised="" and="" the="" uas="" working="" group="" will="" address="" implementation="" issues.="" since="" these="" uas="" access="" points="" will="" be="" held="" to="" sec.="" 107.14,="" there="" is="" no="" immediate="" need="" to="" modify="" part="" 107="" or="" part="" 108="" to="" accommodate="" anticipated="" use="" of="" the="" uas.="" procedural="" changes="" which="" result="" from="" a="" uas="" installation="" will="" be="" handled="" by="" amendment="" to="" the="" air="" carrier="" standard="" security="" program="" (acssp)="" or="" airport="" security="" programs="" (asp),as="" appropriate.="" section="" 107.207="" employment="" history,="" verification,="" and="" criminal="" history="" records="" checks="" the="" white="" house="" commission="" on="" aviation="" safety="" and="" security="" recommended,="" and="" the="" federal="" aviation="" reauthorization="" act="" of="" 1996="" required,="" that="" the="" faa="" adopt="" rules="" to="" provide="" for="" expanded="" background="" checks="" and="" criminal="" history="" records="" checks="" of="" persons="" with="" responsibilities="" for="" screening="" passengers="" and="" property.="" on="" march="" 14,="" 1997,="" the="" faa="" issued="" a="" notice="" of="" proposed="" rulemaking="" to="" respond="" to="" these="" mandates="" (62="" fr="" 13262,="" march="" 19,="" 1997).="" the="" comments="" received="" in="" response="" to="" that="" notice="" will="" be="" considered="" in="" developing="" a="" final="" rule.="" however,="" while="" that="" notice="" refers="" to="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" sida,="" under="" this="" proposal="" the="" term="" sida="" would="" no="" longer="" be="" used.="" it="" is="" proposed="" instead="" that="" the="" rule="" would="" refer="" to="" unescorted="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas.="" under="" this="" proposal,="" existing="" sec.="" 107.31="" would="" be="" moved="" to="" proposed="" subpart="" c,="" operations,="" under="" new="" sec.="" 107.207.="" section="" 107.209="" identification="" systems="" under="" this="" proposed="" new="" section,="" an="" identification="" system="" would="" be="" required="" for="" both="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" and="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" the="" faa="" would="" add="" this="" section="" to="" regulate="" standards="" governing="" the="" issuance,="" display,="" and="" accountability="" of="" identification="" systems="" to="" promote="" their="" effectiveness.="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" also="" comply="" with="" icao's="" annex="" 17,="" standard="" 4.4.1="" that="" requires="" member="" states="" to="" establish="" identification="" systems="" to="" prevent="" unauthorized="" access="" by="" persons="" and="" vehicles="" to="" security="" areas="" of="" an="" airport.="" while="" most="" airports="" currently="" use="" identification="" systems="" of="" some="" type="" to="" satisfy="" the="" movement="" control="" requirements="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.13,="" there="" has="" never="" been="" a="" regulatory="" requirement="" to="" have="" such="" a="" system.="" many="" of="" the="" standards="" and="" criteria="" in="" this="" proposal,="" however,="" have="" long="" been="" included="" in="" many="" airport="" security="" programs="" and,="" as="" a="" result="" of="" an="" 1987="" program="" amendment,="" national="" standards="" for="" such="" systems="" were="" established.="" thus,="" any="" system="" currently="" in="" place="" most="" likely="" would="" require="" little,="" if="" any,="" alteration="" to="" be="" in="" compliance="" with="" the="" rule="" as="" proposed.="" even="" proposed="" standards="" for="" auditing="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" not="" found="" in="" the="" 1987="" amendment="" codify="" common="" industry="" practice.="" in="" addition,="" the="" faa="" is="" proposing="" that="" the="" standards="" would="" become="" effective="" 2="" years="" after="" a="" final="" rule="" is="" adopted,="" providing="" airport="" operators="" with="" time="" to="" make="" necessary="" changes="" so="" that="" their="" systems="" would="" meet="" regulatory="" requirements.="" the="" asac="" requested="" that="" airport="" operators="" be="" afforded="" 5="" years="" to="" phase="" in="" any="" identification="" changes="" required="" by="" the="" revised="" rule;="" however,="" the="" committee="" did="" not="" provide="" any="" financial="" or="" operational="" data="" to="" support="" this="" position.="" as="" the="" implementation="" of="" proposed="" identification="" requirements="" is="" dependent="" on="" the="" implementation="" of="" [[page="" 41775]]="" other="" security="" measures="" in="" this="" proposal,="" the="" faa="" recognizes="" that="" it="" will="" take="" some="" time="" to="" make="" all="" the="" proposed="" changes.="" even="" so,="" the="" faa="" sees="" benefits="" to="" bolstering="" airport="" identification="" systems="" and="" considers="" 5="" years="" to="" be="" impractical="" for="" implementation="" of="" the="" proposed="" identification="" requirements.="" two="" years="" has="" been="" proposed="" based="" on="" data="" collected="" for="" the="" economic="" analysis="" for="" this="" rulemaking.="" the="" faa="" requests="" comments="" on="" this="" schedule,="" including="" information="" regarding="" operational="" and="" cost="" impacts="" (see="" the="" proposed="" implementation="" schedule="" below).="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.209(b),="" standards="" are="" proposed="" for="" personnel="" identification="" media.="" under="" this="" proposal,="" the="" media="" must="" convey="" accurate="" information="" about="" the="" individual,="" bear="" an="" expiration="" date,="" be="" readily="" identifiable="" for="" challenge="" purposes,="" and="" indicate="" the="" individual's="" authorization="" for="" access="" and="" movement.="" these="" specifications="" are="" similar="" to="" those="" contained="" in="" faa="" policy="" and="" establish="" broad="" parameters="" rather="" than="" specific="" sizes,="" colors,="" or="" actual="" wording="" that="" must="" appear="" on="" the="" media.="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" would="" state="" how="" the="" individual="" airport="" would="" meet="" these="" standards.="" this="" would="" permit="" considerable="" flexibility="" to="" the="" airports="" and="" accommodate="" technological="" advances.="" this="" new="" section="" also="" proposes="" that="" an="" airport="" operator's="" identification="" system="" include="" procedures="" to="" incorporate="" identification="" display="" requirements="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.25="" and="" to="" minimize="" the="" number="" of="" unaccountable="" identification="" media.="" accountability="" requirements="" are="" intended="" to="" ensure="" the="" integrity="" of="" the="" system="" by="" specifying="" an="" audit="" at="" least="" once="" a="" year="" and="" media="" revalidation="" or="" reissuance="" procedures="" when="" there="" is="" no="" accountability="" for="" a="" certain="" percentage="" of="" identification="" media.="" procedures="" are="" also="" proposed="" that="" would="" require="" airport="" operators="" to="" retrieve="" expired="" identification="" media="" and="" safeguard="" unissued="" identification="" media="" stock="" and="" supplies.="" these="" standards="" would="" apply="" to="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" systems="" separately.="" the="" asac="" commented="" that="" an="" audit="" every="" 2="" years="" is="" sufficient="" and="" recommended="" that="" any="" requirements="" for="" audits="" not="" be="" specified="" in="" the="" revised="" regulation="" but="" included="" in="" an="" airport's="" security="" program.="" while="" it="" has="" been="" the="" faa's="" policy="" to="" require="" an="" audit="" every="" 2="" years,="" many="" airport="" operators="" have="" resisted,="" claiming="" that="" the="" regulation="" did="" not="" require="" them="" to="" do="" so.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" resolve="" any="" misunderstandings="" about="" the="" need="" to="" audit="" identification="" systems="" by="" including="" the="" requirement="" in="" the="" regulation.="" the="" faa="" views="" identification="" systems="" as="" one="" of="" the="" most="" effective="" means="" to="" control="" movement="" in="" any="" portion="" of="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" the="" proposed="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" as="" such,="" the="" proposal="" also="" intends="" to="" increase="" the="" frequency="" of="" the="" audit="" to="" once="" a="" year="" to="" ensure="" the="" integrity="" of="" an="" airport's="" identification="" system.="" many="" airport="" operators="" already="" have="" automated="" identification="" systems="" that="" conduct="" audits="" on="" an="" on-going="" or="" daily="" basis.="" the="" proposed="" annual="" audit="" reflects="" this="" advance="" in="" technology="" while="" allowing="" leeway="" for="" less="" sophisticated="" identification="" systems.="" the="" inclusion="" of="" the="" phrase="" ``and="" as="" necessary''="" with="" the="" 1-year="" requirement="" is="" intended="" to="" ensure="" that="" an="" identification="" system="" is="" audited="" whenever="" the="" integrity="" of="" a="" system="" is="" in="" question.="" initially,="" the="" faa="" considered="" requiring="" an="" airport="" operator="" to="" revalidate="" its="" system="" if="" 5="" percent="" of="" identification="" media="" were="" unaccountable.="" this="" would="" codify="" internal="" faa="" guidance="" on="" unaccountable="" identification="" media="" which="" has="" been="" incorporated="" into="" most="" airport="" security="" programs.="" many="" airport="" operators,="" however,="" have="" complained="" that="" the="" 5="" percent="" requirement="" requires="" revalidation="" or="" reissuance="" of="" media="" too="" frequently="" and="" does="" not="" account="" for="" the="" operational="" reality="" that="" employees="" will="" lose="" or="" misplace="" identification.="" the="" asac="" also="" expressed="" similar="" concerns="" that="" this="" percentage="" is="" too="" low="" and="" recommended="" that="" the="" percentage="" be="" increased="" to="" 10="" percent.="" this="" recommendation="" was="" not="" supported="" by="" any="" financial="" or="" operational="" data.="" recognizing="" the="" serious="" economic="" implications="" associated="" with="" revalidation="" or="" reissuance="" of="" identification="" media,="" the="" faa="" has="" researched="" accountability="" percentages="" and="" found="" such="" percentages="" to="" range="" from="" 2="" percent="" to="" 10="" percent,="" depending="" on="" whether="" the="" identification="" system="" is="" used="" in="" a="" military,="" civilian,="" or="" commercial="" application,="" and="" the="" layout="" of="" the="" facility.="" as="" there="" appears="" to="" be="" no="" clear="" consensus="" as="" to="" the="" appropriate="" percentage="" level="" for="" use="" at="" airports,="" the="" faa="" requests="" comments="" on="" what="" criteria="" should="" be="" the="" basis="" for="" accountability="" percentages="" and="" what="" these="" percentage="" should="" be.="" comments="" should="" be="" supported="" by="" financial="" and="" operational="" data="" and="" the="" impact="" on="" the="" integrity="" of="" the="" identification="" system.="" it="" is="" anticipated="" that="" initial="" accountability="" criteria="" and="" percentages="" will="" have="" to="" be="" tested="" over="" an="" extended="" period="" of="" time="" and="" amended="" as="" appropriate.="" to="" facilitate="" this="" process,="" the="" faa="" proposed="" that="" guidance="" on="" accountability="" criteria="" and="" percentages="" be="" included="" in="" the="" sasp="" to="" permit="" the="" faa="" to="" be="" more="" responsive="" to="" operational="" needs="" and="" technological="" changes.="" thus,="" the="" revised="" rule="" only="" proposes="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" revalidate="" its="" systems="" or="" reissue="" badges="" when="" a="" certain="" accountability="" percentage="" identified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" is="" reached.="" as="" proposed,="" revalidation="" and="" reissuance="" percentage="" would="" be="" based="" on="" issued="" identification="" media.="" the="" term="" issued="" would="" apply="" to="" any="" identification="" medium="" currently="" assigned="" to="" an="" individual="" or="" vehicle.="" returned="" media="" should="" be="" considered="" accountable="" when="" an="" individual="" or="" vehicle="" no="" longer="" has="" access="" and="" movement="" authorization.="" additionally,="" the="" same="" standards="" are="" proposed="" for="" vehicle="" systems="" as="" proposed="" for="" the="" personnel="" identification="" system.="" the="" faa="" is="" concerned,="" however,="" that="" these="" standards="" may="" not="" permit="" the="" use="" of="" existing="" vehicle="" identification="" systems="" based="" on="" specific="" vehicle="" markings="" or="" paint="" schemes.="" if="" such="" systems="" incorporate="" accountability="" procedures,="" airport="" operators="" may="" be="" allowed="" to="" use="" painting="" or="" marking="" schemes="" to="" meet="" the="" vehicle="" identification="" requirements="" of="" this="" proposed="" section.="" recommendations="" are="" requested="" on="" standards="" that="" will="" accommodate="" such="" vehicle="" identification="" but="" still="" provide="" for="" accountability="" and="" integrity="" of="" the="" system.="" at="" asac's="" suggestion,="" the="" faa="" also="" proposes="" in="" sec.="" 107.209(c)="" to="" permit="" the="" use="" of="" the="" identification="" program="" for="" vehicles="" used="" under="" part="" 139,="" if="" that="" system="" also="" meets="" the="" requirements="" of="" this="" proposed="" section.="" paragraph="" (d)="" proposes="" that="" airport="" operators="" would="" be="" required="" to="" issue="" temporary="" identification="" media="" to="" persons="" whose="" duties="" are="" expected="" to="" be="" temporary,="" such="" as="" contractors.="" to="" minimize="" the="" number="" of="" accountable="" and="" valid="" identification="" media,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" that="" such="" individuals="" should="" have="" their="" identification="" media="" valid="" only="" for="" the="" time="" needed="" to="" perform="" their="" temporary="" duties.="" the="" faa="" further="" proposes="" in="" this="" section="" to="" allow="" an="" airport="" operator="" to="" approve="" the="" identification="" media="" of="" other="" entities="" which="" meet="" the="" standards="" of="" this="" regulation.="" inclusion="" of="" this="" practice="" would="" codify="" an="" acceptable="" practice="" used="" by="" many="" airports.="" the="" most="" common="" example="" is="" an="" air="" carrier="" issuing="" identification="" media="" to="" its="" employees="" that="" in="" turn="" are="" acceptable="" to="" the="" airport="" operator="" for="" movement="" and="" [[page="" 41776]]="" access="" authority.="" the="" faa="" also="" issues="" identification="" badges="" to="" certain="" faa="" aviation="" safety="" inspectors="" (asi's)="" to="" replace="" locally="" issued="" airport="" identification="" media="" when="" asi's="" are="" conducting="" inspections="" outside="" their="" assigned="" geographical="" area.="" such="" faa-issued="" identification="" is="" known="" as="" faa="" form="" 8000-39="" and="" guidance="" on="" the="" acceptance="" of="" this="" identification="" will="" be="" provided="" in="" the="" sasp.="" paragraph="" (f)="" proposes="" to="" require="" an="" airport="" operator="" to="" develop="" a="" challenge="" program.="" airport="" operators="" currently="" establish="" their="" own="" challenge="" procedures="" to="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.25(e)(2),="" but="" in="" this="" paragraph="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" expand="" these="" requirements="" in="" order="" to="" ensure="" standardized="" challenge="" procedures="" between="" airports,="" and="" within="" the="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas.="" the="" faa="" believes="" consistent="" challenge="" procedures="" will="" simplify="" the="" challenge="" process="" for="" employees,="" and="" thereby="" promote="" better="" compliance="" with="" identification="" media="" display="" and="" challenge="" requirements.="" the="" particulars="" of="" the="" challenge="" program,="" however,="" would="" remain="" detailed="" in="" the="" approved="" airport="" security="" program.="" even="" though="" the="" asac="" did="" not="" support="" standardized="" challenge="" procedures,="" the="" faa="" believes="" that="" the="" lack="" of="" standardization="" has="" resulted="" in="" inconsistent="" challenge="" procedures="" among="" employees="" at="" a="" given="" airport,="" as="" well="" as="" employees="" who="" perform="" their="" duties="" at="" different="" airports.="" as="" a="" result,="" the="" effectiveness="" of="" a="" fundamental="" element="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" is="" being="" undermined.="" section="" 107.211="" training="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" remove="" the="" training="" requirements="" from="" existing="" sec.="" 107.25="" currently="" titled="" ``airport="" identification="" media''="" and="" place="" them="" into="" this="" new="" section="" which="" would="" be="" devoted="" solely="" to="" security="" training="" requirements.="" the="" change="" is="" intended="" to="" emphasize="" the="" need="" for="" individuals="" with="" security="" responsibilities="" to="" be="" properly="" trained="" so="" that="" they="" will="" be="" better="" prepared="" to="" fulfill="" their="" security="" duties="" and="" responsibilities.="" the="" underlying="" principle="" of="" this="" proposed="" section="" is="" that="" individuals="" who="" have="" access="" to="" those="" areas="" where="" air="" carriers="" conduct="" passenger="" enplaning/deplaning="" operations="" would="" have="" more="" critical="" security="" responsibilities="" than="" individuals="" whose="" access="" is="" limited="" to="" peripheral="" areas="" of="" an="" airport.="" accordingly,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" a="" two-="" tiered="" training="" program="" that="" would="" provide="" security="" training="" for="" individuals="" with="" critical="" security="" area="" access="" authorization="" and="" security="" information="" to="" individuals="" with="" restricted="" operations="" area="" access="" authority.="" thus,="" the="" training="" would="" be="" appropriate="" for="" the="" scope="" of="" the="" individual's="" access="" and="" movement="" privileges.="" under="" this="" section,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" that="" persons="" with="" critical="" security="" responsibilities="" should="" be="" subject="" not="" only="" to="" the="" proposed="" requirements="" but="" also="" to="" the="" training="" curriculum="" currently="" required="" under="" existing="" sec.="" 107.25.="" this="" enhanced="" curriculum="" would="" promote="" consistent="" national="" implementation="" of="" security="" measures.="" as="" proposed,="" security="" training="" would="" include="" instruction="" on="" the="" identification="" system,="" challenge="" and="" escort="" procedures,="" restrictions="" on="" divulging="" sensitive="" security="" information,="" falsification="" of="" records,="" and="" other="" security="" responsibilities="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.11.="" all="" individuals="" who="" have="" unescorted="" access="" to,="" and="" movement="" privileges="" within,="" the="" proposed="" restricted="" operations="" area="" would="" be="" provided="" with="" information="" commensurate="" with="" their="" security="" responsibilities="" under="" this="" proposal.="" security="" training="" for="" those="" individuals="" with="" access="" to="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" would="" be="" generally="" the="" same="" as="" that="" for="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area;="" however,="" security="" training="" of="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" could="" be="" accomplished="" in="" a="" less="" formal="" manner="" and="" could="" be="" provided="" through="" a="" simple="" videotape="" presentation,="" printed="" material,="" or="" verbal="" presentation.="" in="" addition,="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" direct="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" ensure="" that="" persons="" performing="" security="" functions="" for="" the="" airport="" are="" briefed="" on="" their="" responsibilities="" under="" the="" proposed="" rule,="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" and="" any="" other="" pertinent="" security="" information.="" this="" proposed="" section="" also="" would="" specify="" requirements="" for="" maintaining="" documentation="" of="" training="" and="" the="" deadline="" for="" implementing="" a="" revised="" training="" syllabus.="" section="" 107.213="" law="" enforcement="" support="" under="" this="" proposal,="" existing="" sec.="" 107.15="" entitled="" ``law="" enforcement="" support''="" would="" be="" renumbered="" to="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.213="" and="" revised.="" several="" changes="" are="" proposed="" for="" the="" law="" enforcement="" support="" requirements="" of="" existing="" sec.="" 107.15.="" under="" existing="" sec.="" 107.15,="" airport="" operators="" must="" provide="" law="" enforcement="" to="" support="" its="" security="" program;="" to="" support="" the="" passenger-screening="" system="" required="" by="" proposed="" part="" 108="" and="" existing="" part="" 129;="" and="" to="" respond="" to="" an="" incident="" at="" the="" request="" of="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" a="" foreign="" air="" carrier.="" as="" stated="" in="" the="" discussion="" of="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.3,="" definitions,="" above,="" the="" term="" ``law="" enforcement="" officers''="" has="" been="" replaced="" by="" the="" term="" ``law="" enforcement="" personnel.''="" existing="" part="" 107="" uses="" the="" term="" ``law="" enforcement="" officer''="" to="" describe="" state="" or="" local="" law="" enforcement="" and="" private="" security="" personnel,="" resulting="" in="" confusion="" about="" the="" use="" of="" private="" security="" personnel="" to="" support="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" and="" passenger="" screening="" functions.="" this="" confusion="" may="" be="" the="" result="" of="" the="" law="" enforcement="" community="" using="" the="" term="" ``law="" enforcement="" officer''="" solely="" to="" describe="" qualified="" federal,="" state,="" or="" local="" municipality="" law="" enforcement="" officers.="" yet,="" 49="" u.s.c.="" 44903(c)="" allows="" for="" the="" use="" of="" federal,="" state,="" or="" local="" law="" enforcement="" officers="" as="" well="" as="" private="" security="" personnel="" to="" support="" airport="" and="" air="" carrier="" security="" programs.="" to="" avoid="" any="" further="" misunderstandings,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" use="" the="" term="" ``law="" enforcement="" personnel''="" throughout="" revised="" part="" 107="" to="" generically="" describe="" both="" law="" enforcement="" officers="" and="" private="" security="" personnel="" meeting="" the="" requirements="" of="" part="" 107.="" this="" would="" not="" change="" the="" requirements="" for="" the="" type="" of="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" an="" airport="" operator="" can="" employ.="" existing="" sec.="" 107.15(a)="" has="" been="" modified="" to="" specify="" the="" qualifications="" of="" law="" enforcement="" support="" required="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.103(a)="" and="" (b).="" however,="" the="" most="" substantial="" change="" made="" to="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" be="" the="" distinction="" between="" the="" use="" of="" uniformed="" and="" ``plainclothes''="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" currently,="" sec.="" 107.17(a)(2)="" requires="" law="" enforcement="" support="" to="" be="" identifiable="" by="" uniform.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.213(a)="" would="" state="" that="" an="" airport="" operator="" need="" only="" provide="" uniformed="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" in="" support="" of="" the="" passenger-screening="" system="" required="" under="" proposed="" part="" 108="" and="" existing="" part="" 129.="" this="" change="" was="" suggested="" by="" the="" asac="" which="" recommended="" that="" airport="" operators="" be="" permitted="" the="" leeway="" to="" use="" ``plainclothes''="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" the="" faa="" partially="" concurs="" with="" this="" recommendation="" and="" believes="" that="" the="" airport="" operator,="" in="" most="" cases,="" is="" best="" suited="" to="" determine="" the="" local="" need="" for="" uniformed="" and="" ``plainclothes''="" officers.="" this="" modification="" would="" allow="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" to="" operate="" covertly="" in="" situations="" the="" airport="" operator="" deems="" appropriate,="" such="" as="" investing="" theft="" in="" the="" baggage="" make-up="" areas,="" while="" requiring="" a="" readily="" identifiable="" law="" enforcement="" presence="" at="" the="" passenger-screening="" checkpoint.="" the="" passenger-screening="" checkpoint="" [[page="" 41777]]="" presents="" a="" unique="" situation="" where="" individuals="" subjected="" to="" security="" measures="" may="" become="" uncooperative,="" and="" suspect="" bags="" and="" individuals="" must="" be="" successfully="" segregated="" in="" highly="" congested,="" often="" restricted,="" areas="" of="" the="" airport="" terminal.="" the="" faa="" believes="" that="" passenger-="" screening="" efforts="" would="" be="" better="" supported="" by="" a="" prompt="" response="" by="" uniformed="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" who="" are="" readily="" identified="" as="" having="" the="" authority="" to="" take="" charge="" of="" the="" situation.="" paragraph="" (b)="" also="" would="" be="" modified="" to="" clarify="" its="" applicability="" to="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" required="" under="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.103(c).="" section="" 107.215="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" under="" this="" proposal,="" existing="" sec.="" 107.17="" entitled="" ``law="" enforcement="" officers''="" would="" be="" renumbered="" to="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.215,="" retitled="" ``law="" enforcement="" personnel,''="" and="" revised.="" the="" minimum="" standards="" for="" law="" enforcement="" support="" at="" an="" airport="" essentially="" would="" be="" unchanged.="" as="" discussed="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.213="" above,="" the="" requirement="" for="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" to="" be="" in="" uniform="" would="" be="" modified.="" to="" reflect="" this="" proposed="" change,="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.215(a)(2)="" would="" be="" amended="" to="" delete="" the="" uniform="" requirement.="" currently,="" sec.="" 107.17(c)="" requires="" that="" law="" enforcement="" officers="" meet="" the="" training="" standards,="" if="" any,="" prescribed="" by="" either="" the="" state="" or="" local="" jurisdiction="" for="" officers="" performing="" comparable="" functions.="" proposed="" paragraph="" (c)="" would="" update="" training="" requirements="" for="" state="" and="" local="" law="" enforcement="" officers="" to="" reflect="" the="" fact="" that="" all="" states="" have="" law="" enforcement="" training="" programs.="" this="" paragraph="" also="" would="" specify="" that="" private="" security="" personnel="" used="" to="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" part="" 107="" must="" be="" trained="" in="" a="" manner="" acceptable="" to="" the="" administrator="" if="" the="" state="" and="" local="" jurisdiction="" does="" not="" prescribe="" training="" standards="" for="" such="" personnel.="" section="" 107.217="" supplementing="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" under="" this="" proposal,="" existing="" sec.="" 107.19="" entitled="" ``use="" of="" federal="" law="" enforcement="" officers,''="" would="" be="" renumbered="" to="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.217,="" retitled="" ``supplementing="" law="" enforcement="" personnel,''="" and="" revised.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.217="" would="" give="" the="" administrator="" greater="" flexibility="" in="" responding="" to="" requests="" to="" supplement="" local="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" this="" revised="" section="" still="" would="" set="" forth="" the="" same="" procedures="" for="" an="" airport="" operator="" to="" request="" federal="" assistance="" in="" supplementing="" local="" law="" enforcement,="" but="" would="" incorporate="" statutory="" language="" that="" would="" provide="" for="" supplemental="" support="" from="" any="" personnel="" employed="" by="" the="" federal="" government.="" section="" 107.219="" records="" under="" this="" proposal,="" existing="" sec.="" 107.23,="" entitled="" ``records,''="" would="" be="" renumbered="" to="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.219="" and="" revised.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.219="" would="" incorporate="" new="" recordkeeping="" requirements="" found="" throughout="" the="" proposed="" rule="" and="" would="" ensure="" that="" the="" faa="" has="" access="" to="" such="" records.="" this="" new="" section="" would="" require="" that="" law="" enforcement="" actions="" taken="" in="" support="" of="" passenger-screening="" activities="" or="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" be="" recorded,="" maintained,="" and="" submitted="" to="" the="" faa.="" such="" records="" would="" be="" necessary="" to="" measure="" the="" effectiveness="" of="" the="" civil="" aviation="" security="" program="" and="" to="" support="" faa="" compliance="" programs.="" paragraph="" (a)="" proposed="" that="" the="" faa="" have="" access="" to="" any="" record="" required="" under="" the="" proposed="" rule="" and="" would="" require="" the="" submission="" of="" records="" to="" the="" faa="" pursuant="" to="" a="" schedule="" approved="" in="" the="" airport's="" security="" program.="" requiring="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" provide="" the="" faa="" with="" a="" report="" of="" law="" enforcement="" responses="" on="" a="" regular="" and="" predictable="" basis="" would="" prove="" a="" more="" timely="" and="" efficient="" means="" of="" disseminating="" this="" information="" to="" the="" faa.="" the="" manner="" in="" which="" records="" are="" submitted="" to="" the="" faa,="" and="" at="" what="" frequency,="" would="" be="" determined="" for="" each="" airport="" to="" accommodate="" local="" law="" enforcement="" reporting="" and="" faa="" investigation="" procedures.="" a="" slight="" modification="" is="" proposed="" for="" records="" resulting="" from="" law="" enforcement="" activity.="" in="" proposed="" paragraph="" (b)(1)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" word="" ``action''="" would="" be="" changed="" to="" ``response.''="" a="" law="" enforcement="" ``action''="" routinely="" has="" been="" confused="" with="" ``police="" action''="" which,="" within="" the="" law="" enforcement="" community,="" suggests="" some="" type="" of="" detention/="" arrest="" or="" other="" action="" related="" to="" alleged="" unlawful="" activity.="" in="" the="" context="" of="" the="" civil="" aviation="" security="" program,="" it="" was="" intended="" that="" a="" response="" by="" a="" law="" enforcement="" entity="" to="" any="" civil="" aviation="" security="" incident="" needs="" to="" be="" recorded.="" that="" response="" may="" or="" may="" not="" result="" from="" a="" violation="" of="" local="" law.="" proposed="" paragraph="" (b)(2)="" of="" this="" section="" would="" extend="" the="" period="" of="" time="" during="" which="" records="" must="" be="" maintained="" to="" a="" more="" practical="" 180="" days.="" oftentimes,="" the="" current="" 90-day="" requirement="" is="" insufficient="" for="" investigation="" and="" enforcement="" purposes.="" proposed="" paragraph="" (c)="" would="" be="" expanded="" to="" require="" records="" to="" reflect="" more="" specific="" information="" about="" individuals="" who="" are="" detained="" or="" arrested,="" which="" would="" aid="" the="" faa="" and="" the="" fbi="" in="" the="" investigation="" of="" such="" incidents.="" the="" addition="" of="" proposed="" paragraph="" (d)="" of="" this="" section="" would="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" make="" and="" maintain="" for="" 180="" days="" records="" of="" any="" corrective="" action="" taken="" against="" persons="" who="" fail="" to="" comply="" with="" proposed="" falsification="" and="" security="" responsibilities="" sections="" (proposed="" secs.="" 107.9="" and="" 107.11).="" a="" new="" paragraph="" (e)="" is="" also="" proposed="" to="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" maintain="" any="" additional="" records="" that="" may="" be="" needed="" to="" support="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" and="" highlight="" additional="" recordkeeping="" requirements="" found="" throughout="" the="" proposed="" rule.="" subpart="" d--contingency="" measures="" section="" 107.301="" contingency="" plan="" contingency="" plans="" are="" an="" existing="" part="" of="" airport="" and="" air="" carrier="" security="" programs.="" they="" contain="" security="" measures="" that="" can="" be="" immediately="" and="" flexibly="" applied="" to="" counter="" threats="" that="" arise="" quickly.="" to="" ensure="" the="" integrity="" of="" the="" national="" civil="" aviation="" security="" system,="" the="" security-sensitive="" details="" of="" the="" contingency="" plan="" cannot="" be="" included="" in="" a="" public="" regulation,="" but="" proposed="" new="" sec.="" 108.307="" would="" include="" in="" the="" proposed="" rule="" a="" 1987="" security="" program="" amendment="" (amended="" in="" 1994)="" requiring="" airport="" operators="" and="" air="" carriers="" to="" have="" and="" implement="" a="" plan.="" the="" application="" of="" contingency="" measures="" in="" response="" to="" the="" persian="" gulf="" war="" provided="" valuable="" lessons="" on="" contingency="" planning="" and="" the="" faa="" used="" this="" information="" to="" make="" changes="" to="" air="" carrier="" and="" airport="" security="" programs.="" recently,="" the="" faa="" and="" the="" air="" carriers="" thoroughly="" reviewed="" these="" plans="" to="" incorporate="" changes="" and="" ``lessons="" learned''="" from="" response="" to="" the="" elevated="" threat="" during="" the="" persian="" gulf="" war.="" the="" method="" for="" implementation="" of="" these="" was="" modified="" to="" allow="" for="" a="" greater="" degree="" of="" flexibility,="" and="" new="" test="" procedures="" also="" were="" adopted.="" the="" asac="" endorsed="" the="" final="" product="" of="" this="" effort="" and="" supported="" the="" codification="" of="" contingency="" plan="" requirements="" for="" this="" proposed="" revision="" of="" part="" 108.="" this="" proposed="" new="" section="" would="" require="" air="" carriers="" to="" implement="" faa-issued="" contingency="" measures="" contained="" in="" their="" security="" programs="" when="" directed="" by="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" for="" civil="" aviation="" security.="" it="" also="" proposes="" that="" airport="" operators="" and="" air="" carriers="" test="" these="" contingency="" plans="" to="" ensure="" that="" all="" parties="" involved="" are="" aware="" of="" their="" responsibilities="" and="" that="" information="" contained="" in="" the="" plan="" is="" current.="" [[page="" 41778]]="" section="" 107.303="" security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" be="" new.="" it="" would="" correspond="" to="" proposed="" sec.="" 108.305="" and="" would="" impose="" the="" same="" requirements="" upon="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" respond="" as="" necessary="" to="" security="" directives="" which="" may="" apply="" to="" airports.="" these="" proposed="" measures="" also="" reflect="" modification="" made="" to="" the="" existing="" security="" directive="" process="" in="" proposed="" part="" 108.="" existing="" part="" 108="" provides="" that="" the="" air="" carrier="" shall="" specify,="" not="" later="" than="" 72="" hours="" after="" delivery="" of="" a="" security="" directive,="" the="" method="" by="" which="" the="" measures="" in="" the="" security="" directive="" ``have="" been="" implemented,''="" unless="" the="" security="" directive="" provides="" a="" different="" time.="" this="" appears="" to="" assume="" that,="" within="" 72="" hours="" after="" receipt="" of="" the="" security="" directive,="" procedures="" have,="" in="" fact,="" been="" implemented.="" however,="" if="" the="" security="" directive="" does="" not="" require="" implementation="" within="" 72="" hours,="" it="" is="" not="" clear="" from="" the="" existing="" rule="" when="" the="" implementation="" methods="" must="" be="" provided="" to="" the="" faa.="" the="" proposed="" rule="" would="" make="" clear="" that,="" unless="" the="" security="" directive="" provides="" otherwise,="" within="" 72="" hours="" after="" receipt="" of="" the="" security="" directive,="" the="" airport="" operator="" or="" air="" carrier="" would="" provide="" to="" the="" faa="" the="" implementation="" methods="" that="" are="" either="" in="" effect="" or="" will="" be="" in="" effect="" when="" the="" security="" directive="" is="" implemented.="" in="" response,="" the="" faa="" would="" either="" approve="" the="" airport="" operators="" proposed="" alternative="" or="" notify="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" modify="" the="" alternative="" measures="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" the="" security="" directive="" within="" 48="" hours="" after="" receiving="" proposed="" alternative="" measures.="" in="" july="" 1989,="" the="" faa="" issued="" a="" final="" rule="" [54="" fr="" 28982,="" july="" 10,="" 1989]="" that="" required="" the="" use="" of="" security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars="" as="" the="" means="" to="" disseminate="" information="" to="" air="" carriers="" concerning="" security="" threats="" and="" appropriate="" measures="" to="" be="" implemented.="" the="" faa="" uses="" information="" circulars="" for="" the="" notification="" of="" general="" information="" regarding="" threats="" to="" civil="" aviation="" security,="" and="" security="" directives="" to="" notify="" of="" specific,="" credible="" threat="" information="" and="" measures="" to="" be="" taken.="" the="" faa="" did="" not="" similarly="" amend="" part="" 107="" as="" it="" was="" thought="" at="" the="" time="" that="" most="" credible="" threats="" were="" directed="" at="" u.s.="" air="" carriers,="" and="" the="" threat="" to="" domestic="" airports="" was="" relatively="" low.="" the="" faa="" now="" believes="" that="" the="" concerns="" of="" the="" airport="" community="" and="" the="" president's="" commission="" on="" aviation="" security="" and="" terrorism="" regarding="" the="" coordination="" of="" security="" threat="" information="" need="" to="" be="" addressed="" in="" this="" revision="" of="" part="" 107.="" airport="" operators="" have="" repeatedly="" told="" the="" faa="" that="" they="" are="" not="" privy="" to="" security="" information="" in="" the="" same="" manner="" as="" air="" carriers="" and,="" as="" such,="" they="" are="" often="" at="" a="" disadvantage="" in="" responding="" to="" a="" higher="" level="" of="" threat.="" comments="" received="" from="" the="" asac="" echoed="" this="" concern.="" the="" asac="" recommended="" that="" airport="" operators="" receive="" security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars;="" however,="" the="" committee="" stipulated="" that="" the="" faa="" should="" only="" issue="" these="" documents="" to="" airport="" operators="" on="" an="" information="" basis="" only,="" with="" no="" requirement="" to="" implement="" specified="" measures.="" in="" its="" assessment="" of="" the="" aviation="" security="" system,="" the="" president's="" commission="" on="" aviation="" security="" and="" terrorism="" also="" stressed="" the="" need="" to="" have="" better="" coordination="" and="" communication="" of="" security="" information="" among="" the="" faa,="" airport="" operators,="" and="" air="" carriers.="" in="" proposing="" this="" requirement,="" the="" faa="" has="" not="" overlooked="" asac's="" concerns,="" however;="" as="" security="" directive="" measures="" directed="" at="" airports="" are="" anticipated="" to="" be="" site="" specific="" and="" appropriate="" for="" the="" threat="" level,="" the="" faa="" views="" the="" benefit="" of="" the="" proposed="" requirements="" as="" a="" necessary="" precaution="" that="" will="" not="" unduly="" burden="" airport="" operators.="" further,="" the="" faa="" in="" the="" past="" has="" issued="" emergency="" amendments="" to="" airport="" security="" programs="" to="" respond="" to="" an="" increased="" threat.="" such="" emergency="" measures="" often="" may="" be="" more="" efficiently="" handled="" by="" use="" of="" security="" directives.="" this="" section="" also="" proposes="" to="" permit="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator="" to="" apply="" for="" a="" security="" clearance="" through="" the="" faa="" in="" order="" to="" receive="" classified="" information="" related="" to="" national="" security.="" such="" clearances="" for="" airport="" security="" officials="" were="" recommended="" by="" the="" federal="" bureau="" of="" investigation="" in="" a="" 1992="" report,="" and="" more="" recently,="" by="" the="" gao="" in="" the="" aforementioned="" audit="" of="" faa's="" compliance="" with="" the="" aviation="" security="" improvement="" act="" of="" 1990.="" the="" faa="" carefully="" considered="" the="" implications="" of="" granting="" such="" clearances,="" particularly="" the="" risk="" of="" unauthorized="" release="" of="" sensitive="" information,="" and="" subsequently="" endorsed="" the="" issuance="" of="" security="" clearances,="" on="" a="" voluntary="" basis,="" to="" select="" airport="" personnel="" at="" 74="" of="" the="" largest="" and="" busiest="" u.s.="" airports.="" as="" of="" may="" 1995,="" 101="" clearances="" had="" been="" granted="" to="" airport="" security="" personnel.="" the="" results="" of="" this="" voluntary="" program="" have="" been="" positive="" and="" the="" faa="" believes="" the="" dissemination="" and="" coordination="" of="" security="" sensitive="" information="" among="" airport="" security="" personnel="" has="" been="" enhanced.="" as="" such,="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" formalize="" this="" program="" in="" part="" 107="" and="" permit="" airport="" security="" at="" all="" airports="" regulated="" under="" part="" 107="" to="" apply="" for="" a="" security="" clearance.="" section="" 107.305="" public="" advisories="" this="" proposed="" new="" section="" would="" be="" added="" to="" incorporate="" new="" statutory="" language="" and="" the="" 1986="" airport="" security="" program="" amendment.="" in="" august="" 1986,="" the="" faa="" amended="" airport="" security="" programs="" to="" require="" airport="" operators="" to="" notify="" the="" public="" of="" ineffective="" security="" measures="" at="" foreign="" airports.="" this="" amendment="" was="" issued="" by="" the="" administrator="" under="" the="" provisions="" of="" sec.="" 107.11(f)="" in="" response="" to="" pub.="" l.="" 99-83;="" 99="" stat.="" 222-227,="" title="" v--international="" terrorism="" and="" foreign="" airport="" security,="" section="" 552(a),="" travel="" advisory="" and="" suspension="" of="" foreign="" assistance.="" this="" legislation="" requires="" airport="" operators="" to="" immediately="" post="" and="" prominently="" display="" the="" identify="" of="" any="" foreign="" airport="" that="" the="" secretary="" of="" transportation="" determines="" is="" failing="" to="" maintain="" and="" administer="" effective="" security="" measures.="" the="" provisions="" for="" public="" notification="" established="" in="" pub.="" l.="" 99-83="" have="" been="" included="" in="" 49="" u.s.c.="" 44907.="" airport="" representatives="" on="" the="" asac="" commented="" that="" this="" public="" notification="" requirement="" was="" ineffective,="" nothing="" that="" such="" postings="" are="" typically="" ignored="" by="" the="" traveling="" public.="" they="" suggested="" that="" only="" air="" carriers="" be="" required="" to="" notify="" passengers="" of="" such="" airports.="" congress="" has="" determined,="" however,="" that="" such="" postings="" are="" important="" to="" alert="" the="" traveling="" public.="" the="" faa="" encourages="" comments="" and="" recommendations="" on="" how="" such="" postings="" of="" notifications="" could="" be="" more="" effectively="" displayed.="" section="" 107.307="" incident="" management="" this="" new="" section="" would="" be="" added="" to="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" establish="" procedures="" to="" evaluate="" and="" respond="" to="" threats="" of="" sabotage,="" aircraft="" piracy,="" and="" other="" unlawful="" interference="" to="" civil="" aviation="" operations.="" existing="" part="" 107="" lacks="" a="" requirement="" for="" airport="" operators="" to="" respond="" to="" threats="" of="" such="" criminal="" activity.="" instead,="" part="" 139,="" certification="" and="" operations:="" land="" airports="" serving="" certain="" air="" carriers,="" requires="" airport="" operators="" to="" be="" prepared="" to="" respond="" to="" an="" actual="" incident="" of="" sabotage,="" hijack,="" and="" other="" emergencies="" by="" developing="" and="" testing="" an="" airport="" emergency="" plan="" under="" sec.="" 139.325.="" these="" emergency="" procedures="" are="" typically="" incorporated="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" verbatim.="" proposed="" paragraph="" (b)="" would="" specifically="" provide="" that="" evaluation="" of="" a="" threat="" would="" be="" under="" the="" security="" program.="" however,="" any="" event="" covered="" by="" the="" part="" 139="" airport="" emergency="" plan,="" [[page="" 41779]]="" such="" as="" an="" actual="" hijacking,="" would="" be="" handled="" as="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" emergency="" plan.="" the="" procedures="" to="" evaluate="" threats="" may="" include="" sensitive="" security="" information="" and,="" as="" such,="" should="" remain="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" to="" limit="" its="" distribution.="" the="" faa="" believes="" that="" emergency="" response="" procedures="" to="" such="" incidents,="" however,="" should="" remain="" in="" the="" part="" 139="" airport="" emergency="" plan.="" an="" expedited="" response="" to="" emergency="" situations="" is="" critical,="" and="" response="" procedures="" to="" any="" emergency="" should="" be="" limited="" to="" one="" document="" to="" minimize="" delays="" and="" confusion.="" to="" promote="" coordination="" between="" parts="" 107="" and="" 139,="" the="" faa="" is="" also="" proposing="" to="" amend="" sec.="" 139.325="" to="" ensure="" that="" emergency="" response="" procedures="" to="" hijack="" and="" sabotage="" incidents="" contained="" in="" the="" airport="" emergency="" plan="" are="" consistent="" with="" the="" approved="" airport="" security="" program.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.307(d)="" would="" support="" this="" coordination="" by="" requiring="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" review="" annually="" threat="" and="" incident="" response="" procedures.="" such="" a="" review="" is="" intended="" simply="" to="" ensure="" threat="" response="" procedures="" and="" contacts="" are="" still="" accurate="" and="" should="" not="" be="" interpreted="" as="" a="" requirement="" for="" a="" full-scale="" exercise.="" the="" faa="" anticipates="" that="" such="" a="" review="" could="" readily="" be="" incorporated="" into="" the="" annual="" review="" of="" the="" airport's="" emergency="" plan="" required="" under="" sec.="" 139.325(c)(4).="" in="" the="" event="" that="" an="" airport="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 107="" is="" not="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" emergency="" plan="" under="" part="" 139,="" paragraph="" (c)="" proposes="" to="" require="" such="" facilities="" to="" develop="" emergency="" response="" procedures="" in="" addition="" to="" threat="" evaluation="" procedures.="" this="" proposed="" section="" is="" intended="" to="" ensure="" such="" airport="" operators="" are="" prepared="" to="" respond="" to="" actual="" incidents="" of="" criminal="" activity="" and="" is="" not="" intended="" to="" require="" minimum="" standards="" for="" aircraft="" rescue="" and="" firefighting="" or="" emergency="" equipment.="" implementation="" schedule="" the="" faa="" will="" include="" in="" the="" final="" rule="" an="" implementation="" schedule="" for="" the="" transition="" from="" the="" existing="" requirements="" to="" those="" adopted="" in="" the="" final="" rule.="" the="" revisions="" to="" part="" 107="" have="" been="" extensive,="" and="" the="" faa="" recognizes="" that="" airport="" operators="" will="" have="" to="" make="" extensive="" changes="" to="" security="" measures="" and="" airport="" security="" programs.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" make="" new="" part="" 107="" effective="" 120="" days="" after="" the="" publication="" of="" the="" final="" rule,="" unless="" otherwise="" noted="" in="" the="" rule.="" several="" sections="" of="" the="" proposed="" rule,="" including="" identification,="" signs="" and="" training="" requirements="" would="" permit="" extra="" time="" to="" phase="" out="" old="" security="" measures="" and="" references="" and="" introduce="" new="" ones.="" it="" is="" anticipated="" that="" this="" transition="" schedule="" will="" be="" based="" on="" airport="" size="" and="" possibly="" limited="" to="" certain="" requirements="" that="" necessitate="" a="" longer="" time="" period="" to="" implement.="" the="" faa="" is="" requesting="" comments="" on="" this="" proposed="" schedule="" and="" recommendations="" on="" a="" feasible="" implementation="" schedule="" and="" methodologies="" to="" facilitate="" a="" smooth="" transition.="" harmonization="" with="" international="" civil="" aviation="" organization="" and="" joint="" aviation="" requirements="" in="" keeping="" with="" u.s.="" obligations="" under="" the="" convention="" on="" international="" civil="" aviation,="" it="" is="" the="" faa's="" policy="" to="" comply="" with="" international="" civil="" aviation="" organization="" (icao)="" standards="" and="" recommended="" practices="" (sarp)="" to="" the="" maximum="" extent="" practicable.="" as="" discussed="" above="" in="" the="" analysis="" of="" secs.="" 107.201,="" 107.209,="" and="" 107.221,="" the="" faa="" has="" determined="" that,="" where="" applicable,="" it="" has="" complied="" with="" icao="" sarps="" in="" developing="" this="" proposal.="" icao="" has="" required="" strengthened="" and="" intensified="" security="" programs="" in="" response="" to="" terrorist="" attacks.="" due="" to="" the="" increased="" severity="" of="" criminal="" acts="" against="" civil="" aviation,="" the="" icao="" council="" convened="" on="" an="" accelerated="" schedule="" and,="" on="" december="" 19,="" 1985,="" adopted="" amendment="" 6="" to="" annex="" 17="" to="" the="" convention="" on="" international="" civil="" aviation,="" entitle="" ``standards="" and="" recommended="" practices--security--safeguarding="" international="" civil="" aviation="" against="" acts="" of="" unlawful="" interference.''="" eleven="" new="" specifications="" were="" introduced="" into="" the="" annex="" and="" nineteen="" specifications="" were="" adopted="" as="" standards.="" domestic="" airport="" security="" programs="" were="" amended="" accordingly.="" in="" september="" 1989,="" the="" icao="" council="" adopted="" amendment="" 7="" to="" annex="" 17="" which="" allows="" it="" to="" implement="" standards="" and="" recommended="" practices="" at="" an="" accelerated="" pace.="" in="" december="" 1992,="" the="" icao="" council="" adopted="" amendment="" 8="" to="" annex="" 17="" which="" introduced="" new="" provisions="" for="" the="" following:="" screening="" checked="" baggage="" and="" controlling="" cargo,="" variations="" to="" procedures="" relating="" to="" security="" programs,="" pre-="" flight="" checks="" of="" international="" aircraft,="" and="" measures="" for="" incorporating="" security="" into="" airport="" designs.="" the="" joint="" aviation="" authorities,="" an="" associated="" body="" of="" the="" european="" civil="" aviation="" conference,="" develop="" joint="" aviation="" requirements="" (jar)="" in="" aircraft="" design,="" manufacture,="" maintenance,="" and="" operations="" for="" adoption="" by="" participating="" member="" civil="" aviation.="" the="" jar="" do="" not="" address="" aviation="" security.="" paperwork="" reduction="" act="" proposed="" secs.="" 107.5,="" 107.101,="" 107.103,="" 107.105,="" 107.107,="" 107.111,="" 107.113,="" 107.210,="" 107.203,="" 107.207,="" 107.209,="" 107.211,="" 107.215,="" 107.217,="" 107.219="" contain="" information="" collection="" requirements.="" as="" required="" by="" the="" paperwork="" reduction="" act="" of="" 1995="" (44="" u.s.c.="" 3507="" (d)),="" the="" faa="" has="" submitted="" a="" copy="" of="" these="" proposed="" sections="" to="" the="" office="" of="" management="" and="" budget="" (omb)="" for="" its="" review.="" the="" information="" to="" be="" collected="" is="" needed="" to="" allow="" the="" faa="" to="" comply="" with="" congressional="" reporting="" requirements="" and="" to="" verify="" compliance="" with="" statutory="" requirements="" under="" 49="" u.s.c.="" subtitle="" vii="" to="" protect="" persons="" and="" property="" in="" air="" transportation="" against="" acts="" of="" criminal="" violence.="" the="" collection="" of="" information="" required="" under="" this="" proposal="" has="" been="" in="" effect="" for="" several="" years,="" and="" reporting="" and="" recordkeeping="" requirements="" have="" remained="" generally="" consistent.="" while="" many="" of="" the="" proposed="" part="" 107="" program="" amendment="" and="" law="" enforcement="" record="" requirements="" remain="" virtually="" unchanged,="" some="" additional="" information="" collections="" would="" be="" required.="" for="" all="" of="" the="" reporting="" elements="" in="" the="" collections="" of="" information="" contained="" in="" this="" proposal,="" the="" annual="" reporting="" burden="" is="" estimated="" to="" be="" 15,630="" hours.="" for="" all="" of="" the="" recordkeeping="" elements="" in="" the="" collections="" of="" information="" contained="" in="" this="" proposal,="" total="" initial="" annual="" recordkeeping="" is="" estimated="" to="" be="" 753,658="" hours="" and="" annual="" recordkeeping="" burden="" is="" estimated="" to="" be="" 388,735="" hours.="" it="" is="" estimated="" that="" this="" proposal="" will="" affect="" 460="" part="" 107="" regulated="" airports="" annually.="" organizations="" and="" individuals="" desiring="" to="" submit="" comments="" on="" the="" information="" collection="" requirement="" should="" direct="" them="" to="" the="" office="" of="" information="" and="" regulatory="" affairs,="" omb,="" room="" 1235,="" new="" executive="" office="" building,="" washington,="" dc="" 20503;="" attention:="" desk="" officer="" for="" federal="" aviation="" administration.="" these="" comments="" should="" reflect="" whether="" the="" proposed="" collection="" is="" necessary;="" whether="" the="" agency's="" estimate="" of="" the="" burden="" is="" accurate;="" how="" the="" quality,="" utility,="" and="" clarity="" of="" the="" information="" to="" be="" collected="" can="" be="" enhanced;="" and="" how="" the="" burden="" of="" the="" collection="" can="" be="" minimized.="" a="" copy="" of="" the="" comments="" also="" should="" be="" submitted="" to="" the="" faa="" rules="" docket.="" economic="" summary="" the="" faa="" has="" determined="" that="" this="" proposed="" rule="" is="" not="" a="" ``significant="" [[page="" 41780]]="" rulemaking="" action,''="" as="" defined="" by="" executive="" order="" 12866="" (regulatory="" planning="" and="" review).="" the="" anticipated="" costs="" and="" benefits="" associated="" with="" this="" proposed="" rule="" are="" summarized="" below.="" (a="" detailed="" discussion="" of="" costs="" and="" benefits="" is="" contained="" in="" the="" full="" evaluation="" in="" the="" docket="" for="" this="" proposed="" rule.)="" the="" faa="" is="" responsible="" for="" promulgating="" regulations="" to="" provide="" a="" safe="" and="" secure="" civil="" air="" transportation="" system.="" consistent="" with="" its="" statutory="" responsibilities,="" the="" faa="" has="" adopted="" federal="" aviation="" regulations="" (far's)="" dealing="" with="" aviation="" security.="" these="" rules="" include="" far="" part="" 107="" covering="" airport="" security="" and="" far="" parts="" 108,="" 109,="" and="" 129="" regulating="" the="" security="" practices="" and="" procedures="" of="" affected="" air="" carriers.="" these="" regulations="" provide="" specific="" measures="" and="" guidelines="" to="" prevent="" air="" piracy="" and="" other="" criminal="" acts.="" at="" the="" time="" that="" these="" rules="" were="" promulgated,="" the="" primary="" focus="" of="" civil="" aviation="" security="" was="" the="" prevention="" of="" individual="" acts="" of="" air="" piracy.="" over="" the="" last="" decade,="" terrorist="" and="" criminal="" actions="" against="" civil="" aviation="" have="" resulted="" in="" the="" continued="" tragic="" loss="" of="" life="" and="" property.="" this="" has="" resulted="" in="" the="" faa="" promulgating="" several="" emergency="" rulemaking="" actions.="" the="" faa="" has="" also="" combatted="" these="" terrorist="" and="" criminal="" incidents="" by="" imposing="" specific="" requirements="" on="" airports="" by="" amending="" their="" individual="" security="" programs.="" the="" proposed="" regulation="" is="" an="" attempt="" to="" comprehensively="" updated="" airport="" security="" regulations.="" such="" a="" comprehensive="" review="" is="" necessary="" to="" address="" changes="" to="" the="" structure="" of="" civil="" aviation="" security="" as="" well="" as="" to="" analyze="" the="" effect="" of="" emergency="" rulemaking="" on="" the="" entire="" security="" program.="" thus,="" the="" faa="" is="" proposing="" to="" amend="" the="" existing="" airport="" security="" rules="" to="" incorporate="" in="" the="" rules="" certain="" requirements="" that="" had="" been="" part="" of="" the="" airports'="" security="" programs.="" (in="" a="" parallel="" rulemaking="" effort,="" the="" faa="" is="" also="" proposing="" to="" amend="" the="" existing="" air="" carrier="" security="" rules,="" which="" are="" contained="" in="" part="" 108.)="" the="" faa="" is="" proposing="" to="" revise="" the="" current="" secs.="" 107.1="" through="" 107.31="" and="" add="" new="" sections,="" some="" of="" which="" address="" the="" security="" responsibilities="" of="" individuals.="" historically,="" part="" 107="" has="" been="" amended="" in="" increments="" with="" each="" amendment="" added="" to="" the="" regulation="" in="" near="" chronological="" order.="" the="" faa="" proposes="" to="" reorganize="" the="" regulation="" based="" on="" subparts="" organized="" by="" subject="" matter.="" arranging="" the="" regulation="" by="" subparts="" allows="" the="" faa="" to="" keep="" operationally="" similar="" sections="" together.="" this="" proposed="" rule="" groups="" the="" section="" into="" four="" subparts--="" subpart="" a--general="" (secs.="" 107.1="" to="" 107.11),="" subpart="" b--airport="" security="" program="" (secs.="" 107.101="" to="" 107.113),="" subpart="" c--operations="" (secs.="" 107.201="" to="" 107.219),="" and="" subpart="" d--contingency="" measures="" (secs.="" 107.301="" to="" 107.307).="" currently,="" there="" are="" 460="" airports="" in="" the="" u.s.="" aviation="" system="" that="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" (asp)="" approved="" by="" the="" faa;="" the="" contents="" of="" this="" program,="" its="" approval,="" and="" the="" amendment="" process="" are="" key="" components="" of="" part="" 107.="" all="" airport="" security="" programs="" cover="" many="" of="" the="" same="" requirements="" and="" concerns.="" however,="" due="" to="" the="" different="" physical="" layouts="" and="" security="" requirements="" of="" each="" airport,="" each="" airport's="" security="" program="" will="" have="" some="" unique="" features.="" accordingly,="" it="" is="" important="" to="" note="" that="" there="" is="" not="" a="" single="" airport="" security="" program,="" but,="" instead,="" many="" programs="" that="" have="" many="" common="" elements.="" many="" of="" the="" proposed="" changes="" to="" part="" 107="" simply="" change="" definitions="" or="" make="" minor="" word="" changes.="" these="" changes="" would="" not="" result="" in="" any="" incremental="" costs="" and="" will="" not="" be="" covered="" in="" this="" summary.="" nine="" proposed="" sections="" would="" increase="" costs,="" and="" three="" proposed="" sections="" would="" result="" in="" cost="" savings.="" in="" this="" analysis,="" the="" faa="" estimated="" costs="" for="" a="" 10-year="" period,="" from="" 1996="" through="" 2005.="" as="" required="" by="" omb,="" the="" present="" value="" of="" this="" cost="" stream="" was="" calculated="" using="" a="" discount="" factor="" of="" 7="" percent.="" all="" costs="" in="" this="" analysis="" are="" in="" 1994="" dollars.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.5,="" entitled="" ``airport="" security="" coordinator''="" (formerly="" sec.="" 107.29),="" would="" increase="" the="" responsibilities="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator="" (asc).="" under="" this="" proposed="" rule,="" the="" asc,="" or="" in="" certain="" cases,="" the="" airport="" operators="" or="" their="" designees,="" must="" review="" materials="" and="" security="" functions="" for="" effectiveness="" and="" compliance="" and="" take="" corrective="" action="" immediately="" for="" each="" instance="" of="" non-compliance="" with="" this="" part="" and="" immediately="" notify="" the="" faa="" of="" the="" instances="" and="" any="" corrective="" measures="" taken.="" the="" asc="" must="" also="" be="" trained="" in="" accordance="" with="" the="" faa-approved="" security="" program="" every="" two="" years.="" the="" estimated="" cost="" resulting="" from="" these="" changes="" total="" $7.5="" million,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.11,="" entitled="" ``security="" responsibilities="" of="" persons''="" would="" prohibit="" persons="" from="" tampering,="" compromising,="" or="" modifying="" any="" security="" systems,="" or="" carrying="" a="" deadly="" or="" dangerous="" weapon,="" explosive,="" incendiary,="" or="" destructive="" substances="" into="" sterile="" areas,="" critical="" security="" areas,="" or="" restricted="" operations="" areas.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.103="" would="" have="" the="" faa="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" include="" in="" its="" security="" program="" procedures="" to="" ensure="" that="" persons="" with="" unescorted="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.11;="" the="" cost="" of="" this="" requirement="" is="" assigned="" to="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.11="" as="" this="" section="" is="" the="" basis="" for="" the="" compliance="" program.="" the="" cost="" to="" implement="" such="" a="" compliance="" program="" would="" include="" initial="" compliance="" program="" and="" annual="" administration="" of="" this="" program.="" however,="" part="" of="" the="" compliance="" program="" is="" the="" challenge="" procedure="" which="" is="" covered="" in="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.209(f).="" thus,="" the="" net="" total="" compliance="" costs="" of="" $2.7="" million,="" discounted,="" do="" not="" include="" the="" costs="" of="" setting="" up="" and="" administering="" a="" challenge="" program.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.103,="" entitled="" ``content''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.3)="" would="" expand="" the="" requirements="" for="" the="" airport="" security="" programs="" (asp's)="" to="" include="" descriptions="" of="" incidence="" response="" and="" notification="" procedures,="" controlled="" notification="" signs,="" and="" the="" increased="" responsibilities="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinators.="" the="" estimated="" administrative="" costs="" would="" be="" approximately="" $49,200,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.107,="" entitled="" ``changed="" conditions="" affecting="" security''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.7)="" would="" involve="" notification="" costs.="" all="" airports="" are="" required="" to="" alert="" the="" faa="" to="" certain="" changes="" in="" airport="" security.="" this="" proposal="" would="" increase="" the="" number="" of="" airport="" security="" changes="" that="" the="" faa="" needs="" to="" be="" aware="" of;="" require="" each="" airport="" operator="" to="" notify="" the="" faa="" within="" two="" hours="" of="" discovery="" of="" these="" changes="" and="" explain="" the="" interim="" measures="" being="" taken="" to="" deal="" with="" them;="" and="" relieve="" airports="" of="" having="" to="" modify="" their="" asp="" for="" a="" changed="" security="" condition="" under="" 60="" days.="" this="" proposed="" revision="" would="" save="" an="" estimated="" $5.1="" million,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.201,="" entitled="" ``security="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.14)="" would="" replace="" the="" secured="" area="" portion="" which="" is="" subject="" to="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.14.="" only="" the="" most="" critical="" security="" sensitive="" portions="" of="" the="" airport="" would="" need="" to="" be="" designated="" as="" critical="" security="" areas,="" such="" as="" those="" areas="" where="" passenger="" and="" baggage="" operations="" are="" conducted="" and="" adjacent="" areas="" that="" are="" not="" separated="" by="" security="" controls="" or="" physical="" barriers.="" the="" intent="" is="" to="" better="" define="" the="" areas="" of="" the="" airport="" in="" which="" the="" security="" interest="" is="" the="" most="" critical="" and="" where="" security="" measures="" should="" be="" the="" most="" complex.="" this="" would="" entail="" a="" number="" of="" additional="" costs="" including="" rebadging="" and="" training="" all="" employees="" with="" access="" to="" the="" proposed="" critical="" security="" area,="" [[page="" 41781]]="" requiring="" those="" airports="" without="" a="" personnel="" or="" vehicle="" identification="" system="" to="" establish="" one,="" and="" changing="" warning="" notices="" and="" signs="" for="" this="" area.="" this="" proposed="" revision="" would="" cost="" an="" estimated="" $129.7="" million,="" discounted.="" the="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.203,="" entitled="" ``security="" of="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.13),="" would="" establish="" ``restricted="" operations="" areas.''="" in="" this="" area,="" which="" would="" be="" similar="" on="" the="" current="" aoa,="" the="" means="" used="" to="" control="" access="" and="" movement="" would="" not="" need="" to="" be="" held="" to="" the="" same="" standards="" as="" the="" means="" proposed="" to="" control="" access="" and="" movement="" in="" the="" critical="" security="" area.="" however,="" the="" proposed="" regulation="" on="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" would="" still="" entail="" a="" number="" of="" additional="" costs="" including="" rebadging="" and="" providing="" information="" to="" all="" employees="" with="" access="" to="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" and="" changing="" warning="" notices="" and="" signs="" for="" this="" area.="" this="" proposed="" revision="" would="" cost="" an="" estimated="" $12.7="" million,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.205,="" entitled="" ``access="" control="" systems''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.14),="" would="" embellish="" the="" existing="" performance="" standards="" for="" access="" controls="" by="" allowing="" the="" issuance="" of="" a="" second="" access="" medium="" to="" individuals.="" the="" secondary="" access="" media="" program="" would="" give="" airport="" operators="" an="" option="" in="" addition="" to="" using="" either="" existing="" airport="" escort="" programs="" or="" denying="" employees="" access="" without="" their="" original="" cards,="" both="" of="" which="" can="" be="" very="" costly.="" an="" airport="" operator="" opting="" to="" use="" a="" secondary="" access="" media="" would="" incur="" additional="" costs,="" including="" development="" costs,="" annual="" computer="" time,="" card="" manufacturing="" costs,="" and="" card="" storage="" costs.="" a="" few="" airports="" currently="" escort="" all="" employees="" who="" do="" not="" have="" their="" access="" cards.="" most="" others="" deny="" entry="" to="" employees="" without="" access="" cards.="" they="" are="" either="" sent="" home="" to="" retrieve="" the="" card="" or="" not="" allowed="" to="" work="" for="" the="" day,="" so="" that="" employee's="" supervisor="" would="" need="" to="" reassign="" employees="" and/or="" obtain="" employees="" from="" labor="" pools="" which="" exist="" to="" insure="" against="" employee="" ``no="" shows''.="" in="" addition,="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" require="" airports="" to="" ensure="" that="" all="" doors="" leading="" from="" nonpublic="" areas,="" other="" than="" the="" critical="" security="" area,="" to="" the="" sterile="" area="" meet="" the="" access="" control="" requirements="" of="" this="" proposed="" section.="" the="" total="" net="" cost="" savings="" would="" be="" $4.7="" million,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.209,="" entitled="" ``identification="" systems''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.25),="" would="" require="" airports="" to="" implement="" an="" id="" system="" if="" they="" don't="" have="" one,="" and="" require="" id="" systems="" to="" meet="" certain="" standards.="" such="" standards="" would="" require="" airports="" to="" audit="" their="" identification="" (id)="" systems="" once="" a="" year="" and="" revalidate="" their="" id="" systems="" when="" a="" percentage,="" specified="" in="" each="" airport's="" asp,="" of="" the="" currently="" issued="" identification="" media="" become="" unaccountable="" for="" both="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" systems.="" airports="" that="" do="" not="" have="" personnel="" or="" vehicle="" identification="" systems="" would="" have="" to="" install="" a="" system="" and="" incur="" administrative="" costs.="" in="" addition,="" it="" would="" require="" airport="" operators="" to="" have="" temporary="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" ids="" for="" people="" without="" unescorted="" access="" authority.="" in="" addition,="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" require="" airport="" operators="" to="" implement="" a="" challenge="" program="" in="" the="" ``critical="" security''="" and="" ``restricted="" operations''="" areas.="" the="" purpose="" of="" the="" challenge="" program="" is="" to="" improve="" each="" airport="" operator's="" ability="" to="" limit="" unauthorized="" incursions="" in="" the="" secured="" area.="" the="" proposed="" rule="" would="" require="" all="" airports="" to="" codify="" their="" present="" challenge="" programs;="" airports="" without="" such="" a="" program="" would="" also="" incur="" administrative="" costs.="" the="" total="" costs="" of="" this="" proposed="" section="" would="" be="" $7.5="" million,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.215,="" entitled="" ``law="" enforcement="" personnel''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.17),="" would="" allow="" for="" the="" use="" of="" plainclothes="" officers="" in="" support="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" this="" is="" a="" voluntary="" program,="" but="" the="" use="" of="" plainclothes="" officers="" could="" result="" in="" savings.="" the="" airport="" operator="" could="" better="" utilize="" officers="" and="" realize="" savings="" in="" labor="" costs.="" the="" analysis="" assumes="" that="" 5.5="" percent="" of="" airports="" would="" use="" this="" option,="" yielding="" cost="" savings="" of="" $19.5="" million,="" discounted.="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.219,="" entitled="" ``records''="" (amending="" the="" current="" sec.="" 107.23),="" would="" require="" that="" records="" be="" maintained="" pursuant="" to="" a="" schedule="" in="" the="" asp="" and="" increase="" the="" time="" an="" airport="" must="" maintain="" records="" from="" 90="" days="" to="" 180="" days.="" airports="" would="" still="" be="" required="" to="" report="" all="" deadly="" weapon="" activity,="" arrests,="" and="" threats="" against="" civil="" aviation,="" but="" the="" proposed="" section="" would="" also="" require="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" maintain="" records="" of="" corrective="" actions="" imposed="" on="" persons="" in="" support="" of="" the="" security="" compliance="" program.="" the="" additional="" recordkeeping="" and="" maintenance="" costs="" would="" total="" $9.4="" million,="" discounted.="" the="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.303,="" entitled="" ``security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars''="" would="" develop="" standardized="" procedures="" that="" airport="" operators="" must="" follow="" upon="" receiving="" such="" documents="" issued="" by="" faa.="" the="" administrative="" time="" cost="" required="" to="" process="" and="" respond="" to="" these="" documents="" is="" estimated="" at="" a="" discounted="" $78,100.="" the="" proposed="" sec.="" 107.3037,="" entitled="" ``incident="" management,''="" would="" require="" that="" airports="" incorporate="" certain="" procedures="" into="" their="" asp's="" for="" responding="" to="" threats="" of="" sabotage,="" aircraft="" piracy,="" and="" other="" unlawful="" acts="" against="" civil="" aviation.="" this="" section="" would="" also="" require="" that="" airport="" operation="" to="" coordinate="" these="" procedures="" with="" emergency="" response="" procedures="" required="" in="" far="" part="" 139;="" the="" costs="" of="" incorporating="" these="" threat="" response="" procedures="" into="" part="" 107="" and="" the="" review="" that="" would="" be="" necessary="" are="" estimated="" to="" be="" approximately="" $1.3="" million,="" discounted.="" the="" 10-year="" cost="" of="" this="" proposed="" rule="" would="" be="" $174.5="" million="" (present="" value,="" $142.1="" million).="" the="" faa="" requests="" comments="" on="" the="" most="" cost-effective="" ways="" to="" implement="" these="" proposals.="" many="" of="" these="" proposals="" are="" performance="" standards="" and="" do="" not="" provide="" many="" detailed="" requirements="" as="" to="" how="" they="" would="" or="" would="" be="" implemented.="" thus,="" the="" regulated="" parties="" may="" have="" several="" options="" as="" to="" how="" to="" comply.="" the="" faa,="" in="" preparing="" this="" analysis,="" chose="" what="" it="" considered="" to="" be="" a="" reasonable="" approach="" in="" analyzing="" and="" costing="" out="" each="" proposed="" section,="" and="" recognizes="" that="" there="" may="" be="" more="" efficient="" ways="" to="" implement="" each="" section.="" the="" faa="" requests="" that="" comments="" be="" as="" detailed="" as="" possible="" and="" cite="" or="" include="" supporting="" documentation.="" the="" faa="" points="" out="" that,="" in="" estimating="" the="" costs="" of="" the="" rule,="" the="" projected="" costs="" may="" well="" be="" in="" excess="" of="" the="" actual="" costs="" of="" complying="" with="" a="" final="" rule.="" some="" of="" the="" projected="" costs="" are="" significant="" in="" terms="" of="" the="" total="" projected="" costs="" of="" the="" rule.="" for="" example,="" the="" designation="" of="" ``critical="" secured="" areas''="" has="" total="" projected="" costs="" that="" could="" be="" as="" high="" as="" $129.7="" million,="" compared="" with="" total="" projected="" costs="" of="" $142.1="" million,="" discounted,="" over="" 10="" years.="" in="" terms="" of="" implementation,="" the="" faa="" expects="" that="" airport="" operators="" would="" find="" ways="" of="" meeting="" the="" objectives="" of="" the="" rule="" in="" ways="" that="" may="" significantly="" reduce="" costs.="" far="" part="" 107="" contributes="" to="" a="" secure="" civil="" air="" transportation="" system="" by="" providing="" specific="" regulations="" to="" prevent="" criminal="" acts="" or="" air="" piracy.="" the="" benefits="" of="" the="" proposed="" part="" 107="" rules="" would="" be="" a="" strengthening="" of="" airport="" security.="" the="" current="" airport="" security="" systems,="" in="" which="" security="" is="" maintained="" through="" an="" intricate="" set="" of="" interlocking="" requirements,="" are="" effective="" and="" have="" prevented="" terrorist="" and="" criminal="" acts.="" the="" proposed="" changes="" would="" simply="" add="" to="" this="" effectiveness.="" in="" a="" parallel="" rulemaking="" effort,="" the="" faa="" is="" also="" proposing="" to="" amend="" the="" existing="" air="" carrier="" security="" rules,="" which="" are="" contained="" in="" part="" 108.="" [[page="" 41782]]="" the="" high="" degree="" of="" dependence="" between="" parts="" 107="" and="" 108="" and="" among="" the="" proposed="" amendments="" does="" not="" permit="" the="" separation="" of="" the="" benefits="" of="" these="" proposed="" amendments="" from="" the="" previous="" rules.="" it="" would="" be="" extremely="" difficult="" to="" determine="" to="" what="" extent="" an="" averted="" terrorist="" incident="" could="" be="" credited="" to="" either="" airport="" operator="" security="" or="" to="" air="" carrier="" security.="" accordingly,="" the="" benefits="" from="" the="" proposed="" rules="" for="" parts="" 107="" (airport="" operators)="" and="" 108="" (air="" carriers)="" have="" been="" combined="" in="" this="" benefit-cost="" analysis.="" the="" benefits="" of="" this="" rulemaking="" would="" be="" the="" prevention="" of="" specific="" criminal="" and="" terrorist="" incidents,="" primarily="" explosions,="" hijackings,="" and="" sabotage.="" the="" faa="" examined="" the="" number="" of="" criminal="" and="" terrorist="" incidents="" from="" 1985="" to="" 1994="" to="" compute="" the="" overall="" benefits.="" in="" order="" to="" provide="" the="" public="" and="" government="" officials="" with="" a="" benchmark="" comparison="" of="" the="" expected="" safety="" benefits="" of="" rulemaking="" actions="" over="" an="" extended="" period="" of="" time="" with="" estimated="" costs="" in="" dollars,="" the="" faa="" currently="" uses="" a="" value="" of="" $2.7="" million="" and="" $518,000="" to="" statistically="" represent="" a="" human="" fatality="" and="" a="" major="" injury="" avoided,="" respectively.="" the="" faa="" has="" calculated="" benefits="" based="" on="" the="" types="" of="" criminal="" and="" terrorist="" incidents="" that="" parts="" 107="" and="" 108="" are="" designed="" to="" combat.="" a="" poisson="" probability="" distribution="" was="" used="" to="" assist="" in="" estimating="" the="" potential="" benefits="" of="" these="" proposed="" rules.="" the="" poisson="" distribution="" is="" particularly="" useful="" in="" describing="" discrete="" random="" variables="" having="" a="" low="" probability="" of="" occurrence.="" applying="" this="" distribution="" to="" the="" actual="" number="" of="" historical="" incidents="" results="" in="" projected="" probabilistic="" estimates="" of="" potential="" future="" incidents.="" the="" faa="" developed="" the="" poisson="" probability="" distribution="" model="" based="" on="" the="" historical="" record="" while="" assuming="" that="" the="" past="" level="" of="" threat="" carries="" into="" the="" future.="" this="" model="" was="" used="" to="" estimate="" the="" potential="" number="" of="" future="" criminal="" and="" terrorist="" incidents="" that="" may="" occur="" in="" the="" absence="" of="" aviation="" security="" rulemaking="" actions.="" what="" resulted="" were="" probability="" estimations="" of="" experiencing="" such="" incidents="" on="" board="" u.s.="" air="" carriers="" over="" the="" next="" 10="" years.="" given="" the="" uncertainties="" of="" predicting="" future="" criminal="" and="" terrorist="" incidents,="" the="" faa="" is="" taking="" a="" conservative="" approach="" and="" using="" the="" historical="" record="" of="" incidents="" as="" representatives="" of="" the="" true="" mean="" of="" occurrences="" for="" incidents,="" which="" sums="" to="" $1.871="" billion="" (present="" value,="" $1.334="" billion).="" the="" agency="" recognizes="" that="" potential="" benefits="" could="" change="" as="" the="" result="" of="" the="" changing="" dynamics="" of="" aviation="" security.="" while="" the="" benefits="" estimate="" is="" valid="" based="" on="" those="" incidents="" cited="" in="" the="" historical="" record,="" this="" baseline="" could="" change="" upon="" the="" assessment="" of="" an="" increased="" credible="" security="" threat(s).="" if="" such="" information="" warrants="" some="" form="" of="" regulatory="" initiatives,="" then="" the="" historical="" baseline="" would="" be="" augmented="" to="" include="" those="" threats.="" subsequently,="" the="" pool="" of="" potential="" safety="" benefits="" could="" increase="" and="" be="" applied="" to="" any="" future="" rulemaking="" actions="" related="" to="" such="" threats.="" since="" 1987,="" the="" faa="" has="" initiated="" rulemaking="" and="" promulgated="" five="" security-related="" rules="" \7\="" that="" have="" amended="" both="" parts="" 107="" (airport="" operators)="" and="" 108="" (air="" carriers).="" these="" rules="" also="" added="" to="" the="" effectiveness="" of="" both="" parts="" in="" that="" they="" were="" designed="" to="" address="" certain="" aspects="" of="" the="" total="" security="" system="" to="" help="" prevent="" additional="" criminal="" and="" terrorists="" activities.="" these="" rules="" comprise="" a="" portion="" of="" the="" costs="" of="" combating="" the="" criminal="" and="" terrorist="" incidents="" that="" the="" existing="" parts="" 107="" and="" 108="" are="" trying="" to="" prevent.="" accordingly,="" these="" costs="" can="" be="" compared="" with="" the="" benefits="" of="" preventing="" such="" incidents.="" to="" put="" the="" proposed="" changes="" to="" parts="" 107="" and="" 108="" into="" context,="" the="" costs="" of="" these="" past="" rulemakings="" will="" be="" added="" to="" the="" costs="" of="" the="" proposed="" changes="" to="" parts="" 107="" and="" 108;="" the="" benefits="" will="" also="" be="" contrasted="" against="" the="" costs="" of="" all="" these="" rulemakings.="" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------="" \7\="" the="" five="" rules="" are="" :=""> Access to Secured Areas at Airports (1988).
         Security Directives (1989).
         Explosives Detection Systems (1989).
         X-Ray Systems (1990).
         Employment Standards (1990).
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        In reviewing the five security-related rules, the costs were 
    updated from their respective base-year dollars to 1994 dollars using 
    the implicit price deflator for Gross Domestic Product. The present 
    value of the costs and benefits was recalculated using the current 
    discount rate of 7 percent. The FAA has developed new data that has 
    improved components of past analyses. The estimated update discounted 
    costs total $498 million.
        The FAA has developed three cost-benefit comparisons. Comparing 
    benefits of $1.871 billion, which are based on the historical record of 
    incidents, to the combined estimated costs of the proposed amendments 
    to parts 107 and 108, $217.4 million, suggests that expected benefits 
    exceed estimated costs.
        Using the Poisson distribution, the FAA estimated the probability 
    of occurrence of potential benefits. From this information, the agency 
    has been able to determine the probability of obtaining occurrences 
    where potential benefits would exceed costs. Each of the criminal and 
    terrorists incidents, explosions, hijackings, and sabotage, has a range 
    of expected occurrences (based on the current assumed level of threat) 
    with an associated probability for each discrete number of events. The 
    FAA calculated the probability and associated benefits of each possible 
    combination of occurrences. The results of this analysis indicate that 
    the probability exceeds 95% that obtaining combinations of occurrences 
    where the benefits of avoiding any of these combinations of occurrences 
    will exceed the estimated costs of these proposed rules.
        When the estimated cost of these two proposed rules are added to 
    the cost of the five security rules ($727 million, undiscounted) 
    already issued, the combined cost is $944 million, undiscounted. The 
    probability of obtaining a combination of occurrences yielding benefits 
    equal to or greater than $944 million is over 68%. The FAA, therefore, 
    has determined that the benefits of these two proposed rules exceed 
    their costs, even when the costs of these two rules are added to the 
    cost of the previously issued rules.
    
    International Trade Impact Statement
    
        In accordance with the Office of Management and Budget memorandum 
    dated March 1983, federal agencies engaged in rulemaking activities are 
    required to assess the effects of regulatory changes on international 
    trade. This proposed rule would affect all airport owners that have an 
    FAA-approved security program in accord with part 107. Unlike domestic 
    air carriers that compete with foreign air carriers, domestic airports 
    are not in competition with foreign airports. For this reason, a trade 
    impact assessment would not be applicable.
    
    Initial Regulatory Flexibility Determination
    
        The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA) was enacted by 
    Congress to ensure that small entities are not unnecessarily burdened 
    by government regulations. The RFA requires agencies to review rules 
    that may have a ``significant economic impact on a substantial number 
    of small entities.''
        The FAA's criterion for a ``substantial number'' is a number that 
    is not less than 11 and that is more than one third of the small 
    entities subject to the rule. The FAA's small entity size standards 
    criterion define a small airport as one owned by a county, city, town 
    or other jurisdiction having a population of
    
    [[Page 41783]]
    
    49,999 or less. If two or more towns, cities, or counties operate an 
    airport jointly, the population size of each are totaled to determine 
    whether that airport is a small entity. The threshold annualized cost 
    levels in December 1983 dollars is $5,400 for airports; adjusting to 
    1994 values, this threshold cost becomes $7,800.
        The FAA examined all primary airports \8\ to determine the number 
    of airports classified as small entities. After reviewing population 
    data, the FAA determined that 108 of the primary non-military airports 
    are owned by jurisdictions with populations less than 50,000.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        \8\ A primary airport is one which enplanes 10,000 or more 
    passengers annually (as per 49 U.S.C. 47102 (11)).
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        Some airports are already in compliance with portions of the 
    proposed rule and the total costs estimated in the regulatory 
    evaluation were adjusted accordingly. However, this regulatory 
    flexibility determination, in looking for the maximum cost that could 
    be incurred by a small entity airport, assumed that the typical airport 
    was not in compliance. Annually, the proposed part 107 would cost the 
    average Type A (<2) airport="" no="" more="" than="" $28,299,="" save="" the="" typical="" type="" b="" airport="" $3,327,="" and="" cost="" the="" typical="" type="" c="" airport="" no="" more="" than="" $2,869.="" the="" cost="" of="" the="" proposed="" part="" 107="" to="" types="" b="" and="" c="" are="" less="" than="" the="" threshold="" figure="" of="" $7,800,="" but="" the="" costs="" of="" type="" a=""><2) airports="" exceed="" this="" threshold.="" as="" noted="" above,="" there="" are="" 21="" type="" a=""><2) airports="" in="" the="" 108="" airports="" that="" qualify="" as="" small="" entities.="" at="" 19%="" of="" the="" number="" of="" small="" entities,="" this="" is="" less="" than="" the="" definition="" of="" a="" ``substantial="" number''.="" therefore,="" the="" faa="" finds="" that="" this="" proposed="" rule="" would="" not="" have="" a="" significant="" impact="" on="" a="" substantial="" number="" of="" small="" entities.="" unfunded="" mandates="" reform="" act="" title="" ii="" of="" the="" unfunded="" mandates="" reform="" act="" of="" 1995="" (the="" act),="" enacted="" as="" pub.="" l.="" 104-4="" on="" march="" 22,="" 1995,="" requires="" each="" federal="" agency,="" to="" the="" extent="" permitted="" by="" law,="" to="" prepare="" a="" written="" assessment="" of="" the="" effects="" of="" any="" federal="" mandate="" in="" a="" proposed="" or="" final="" agency="" rule="" that="" may="" result="" in="" the="" expenditure="" by="" state,="" local,="" and="" tribal="" governments,="" in="" the="" aggregate,="" or="" by="" the="" private="" sector,="" of="" $100="" million="" or="" more="" (adjusted="" annually="" for="" inflation)="" in="" any="" one="" year.="" section="" 204(a)="" of="" the="" act,="" 2="" u.s.c.="" 1534(a),="" requires="" the="" federal="" agency="" to="" develop="" an="" effective="" process="" to="" permit="" timely="" input="" by="" elected="" officers="" (or="" their="" designees)="" of="" state,="" local,="" and="" tribal="" governments="" on="" a="" proposed="" ``significant="" intergovernmental="" mandate.''="" a="" ``significant="" intergovernmental="" mandate''="" under="" the="" act="" is="" any="" provision="" in="" a="" federal="" agency="" regulation="" that="" will="" impose="" an="" enforceable="" duty="" upon="" state,="" local,="" and="" tribal="" governments,="" in="" the="" aggregate,="" of="" $100="" million="" (adjusted="" annually="" for="" inflation)="" in="" any="" one="" year.="" section="" 203="" of="" the="" act,="" 2="" u.s.c.="" 1533,="" which="" supplements="" section="" 204(a),="" provides="" that="" before="" establishing="" any="" regulatory="" requirements="" that="" might="" significantly="" or="" uniquely="" affect="" small="" governments,="" the="" agency="" shall="" have="" developed="" a="" plan="" that,="" among="" other="" things,="" provides="" for="" notice="" to="" potentially="" affected="" small="" governments,="" if="" any,="" and="" for="" a="" meaningful="" and="" timely="" opportunity="" to="" provide="" input="" in="" the="" development="" of="" regulatory="" proposals.="" this="" proposed="" rule="" does="" not="" contain="" any="" federal="" intergovernmental="" mandates="" or="" private="" sector="" mandates.="" federalism="" implications="" the="" regulations="" proposed="" herein="" will="" not="" have="" substantial="" direct="" effects="" on="" the="" states,="" on="" the="" relationship="" between="" the="" national="" government="" and="" the="" states,="" or="" on="" the="" distribution="" of="" power="" and="" responsibilities="" among="" the="" various="" levels="" of="" government.="" therefore,="" in="" accordance="" with="" executive="" order="" 12612,="" it="" is="" determined="" that="" this="" proposed="" regulation="" will="" not="" have="" sufficient="" federalism="" implications="" to="" warrant="" the="" preparation="" of="" a="" federalism="" assessment.="" conclusion="" for="" the="" reasons="" discussed="" in="" the="" preamble,="" and="" based="" on="" the="" findings="" in="" the="" initial="" regulatory="" flexibility="" determination="" and="" the="" international="" trade="" impact="" analysis,="" the="" faa="" has="" determined="" that="" this="" proposed="" regulation="" is="" significant="" under="" executive="" order="" 12866.="" in="" addition,="" it="" is="" certified="" that="" this="" proposal,="" if="" adopted,="" will="" not="" have="" a="" significant="" economic="" impact,="" positive="" or="" negative,="" on="" a="" substantial="" number="" of="" small="" entities="" under="" the="" criteria="" of="" the="" regulatory="" flexibility="" act.="" this="" proposal="" is="" considered="" significant="" under="" dot="" regulatory="" policies="" and="" procedures="" (44="" fr="" 11034;="" february="" 26,="" 1979).="" list="" of="" subjects="" 14="" cfr="" part="" 107="" airports,="" arms="" and="" munitions,="" law="" enforcement="" officers,="" reporting="" and="" recordkeeping="" requirements,="" security="" measures.="" 14="" cfr="" part="" 139="" air="" carriers,="" airports,="" aviation="" safety.="" the="" proposed="" amendment="" in="" consideration="" of="" the="" foregoing,="" the="" federal="" aviation="" administration="" proposes="" to="" amend="" parts="" 107="" and="" 139="" of="" 14="" cfr="" as="" follows:="" 1.="" part="" 107="" is="" revised="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" part="" 107--airport="" security="" sec.="" subpart="" a--general="" 107.1="" applicability.="" 107.3="" definitions.="" 107.5="" airport="" security="" coordinator.="" 107.7="" inspection="" authority.="" 107.9="" falsification.="" 107.11="" security="" responsibilities="" of="" persons.="" subpart="" b--airport="" security="" program="" 107.101="" general="" requirements.="" 107.103="" content.="" 107.015="" approval="" and="" amendments.="" 107.107="" changed="" conditions="" affecting="" security.="" 107.109="" alternate="" means="" of="" compliance.="" 107.111="" exclusive="" area="" agreements.="" 107.113="" airport="" tenant="" security="" programs.="" subpart="" c--operations="" 107.201="" security="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area.="" 107.203="" security="" of="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" 107.205="" access="" control="" systems.="" 107.207="" employment="" history,="" verification,="" and="" criminal="" history="" records="" checks.="" 107.209="" identification="" systems.="" 107.211="" training.="" 107.213="" law="" enforcement="" support.="" 107.215="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" 107.217="" supplementing="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" 107.219="" records.="" subpart="" d--contingency="" measures="" 107.301="" contingency="" plan.="" 107.303="" security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars.="" 107.305="" public="" advisories.="" 107.307="" incident="" management.="" authority:="" 49="" u.s.c.="" 106(g),="" 5103,="" 40113,="" 40119,="" 44701-44702,="" 44706,="" 44901-44905,="" 44907,="" 44913-44914,="" 44932,="" 44935-44936,="" 46105.="" subpart="" a--general="" sec.="" 107.1="" applicability.="" (a)="" this="" part="" describes="" aviation="" security="" rules="" governing:="" (1)="" the="" operation="" of="" each="" airport="" regularly="" serving="" an="" air="" carrier="" required="" to="" have="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (2)="" the="" operation="" of="" each="" airport="" regularly="" serving="" a="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" required="" to="" have="" a="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (3)="" each="" person="" who="" is="" in,="" or="" entering,="" a="" critical="" security="" area,="" restricted="" operations="" area,="" or="" sterile="" area="" described="" in="" this="" part="" and="" part="" 108="" of="" this="" chapter.="" [[page="" 41784]]="" (4)="" each="" person="" who="" files="" an="" application="" or="" makes="" entries="" into="" any="" record="" or="" report="" that="" is="" kept,="" made,="" or="" used="" to="" show="" compliance="" under="" this="" part,="" or="" to="" exercise="" any="" privileges="" under="" this="" part.="" (b)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" sec.="" 107.105="" of="" this="" part,="" the="" authority="" of="" the="" administrator="" under="" this="" part="" is="" also="" exercised="" by="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" of="" civil="" aviation="" security="" and="" the="" deputy="" assistant="" administrator="" for="" civil="" aviation="" security,="" and="" any="" individual="" formally="" designated="" to="" act="" in="" their="" capacity.="" the="" authority="" of="" the="" assistant="" administrator,="" including="" matters="" under="" sec.="" 107.105="" of="" this="" part,="" may="" be="" further="" delegated.="" sec.="" 107.3="" definitions.="" terms="" defined="" in="" part="" 108="" of="" this="" chapter="" apply="" to="" this="" part.="" for="" purposes="" of="" this="" part,="" part="" 108="" of="" this="" chapter,="" and="" security="" programs="" under="" these="" parts,="" the="" following="" definitions="" also="" apply:="" airport="" operator="" means="" a="" person="" who="" operates="" an="" airport="" serving="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" a="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" required="" to="" have="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter.="" airport="" security="" program="" means="" an="" airport="" operator's="" security="" program="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.101="" of="" this="" part="" and="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator.="" air="" tenant="" means="" any="" person,="" other="" than="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" that="" has="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter,="" that="" has="" an="" agreement="" with="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" conduct="" business="" on="" airport="" property.="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" means="" the="" agreement="" between="" the="" airport="" operator="" and="" an="" airport="" tenant="" that="" specifies="" the="" measures="" by="" which="" the="" tenant="" will="" perform="" security="" functions="" under="" sec.="" 107.113="" of="" this="" part.="" assistant="" administrator="" means="" the="" faa="" assistant="" administrator="" for="" civil="" aviation="" security="" as="" described="" in="" 49="" u.s.c.="" 44932.="" critical="" security="" area="" means="" a="" portion="" of="" an="" airport="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" in="" which="" security="" measures="" specified="" in="" this="" part="" are="" carried="" out.="" in="" general,="" this="" area="" is="" where="" air="" carriers="" and="" foreign="" air="" carriers="" enplane="" and="" deplane="" passengers,="" and="" sort="" and="" load="" baggage,="" and="" any="" adjacent="" areas="" that="" are="" not="" separated="" by="" security="" controls="" or="" physical="" barriers.="" escort="" means="" to="" accompany="" or="" supervise="" an="" individual="" who="" does="" not="" have="" unescorted="" access="" authority="" to="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area,="" in="" a="" manner="" sufficient="" to="" take="" action="" should="" the="" individual="" engage="" in="" activities="" other="" than="" those="" for="" which="" the="" escorted="" access="" is="" granted.="" exclusive="" area="" means="" any="" portion="" of="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" restricted="" operations="" area,="" including="" individual="" access="" points,="" for="" which="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" that="" has="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter="" has="" assumed="" responsibility="" under="" sec.="" 107.111="" of="" this="" part.="" exclusive="" area="" agreement="" means="" an="" agreement="" between="" the="" airport="" operator="" and="" an="" individual="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" that="" has="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter="" that="" permits="" such="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" to="" assume="" responsibility="" for="" specified="" security="" measures="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.111="" of="" this="" part.="" restricted="" operations="" area="" means="" a="" portion="" of="" an="" airport="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" in="" which="" security="" measures="" specified="" in="" this="" part="" are="" carried="" out.="" in="" general,="" this="" area="" is="" where="" air="" carrier="" and="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" aircraft="" take="" off,="" land,="" taxi,="" park,="" and="" otherwise="" maneuver="" (other="" than="" critical="" security="" areas),="" and="" any="" adjacent="" areas="" that="" are="" not="" separated="" by="" security="" controls="" or="" physical="" barriers.="" unescorted="" access="" authority="" means="" the="" authority="" granted="" to="" individuals="" by="" an="" airport="" operator,="" air="" carrier,="" foreign="" air="" carrier,="" or="" airport="" tenant="" authorized="" under="" this="" part,="" or="" parts="" 108="" or="" 129="" of="" this="" chapter,="" to="" gain="" access="" to,="" and="" be="" without="" an="" escort="" in,="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas.="" sec.="" 107.5="" airport="" security="" coordinator.="" (a)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" designate="" an="" airport="" security="" coordinator="" (asc),="" and="" any="" alternate="" asc="" as="" necessary,="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" to="" serve="" as="" the="" airport="" operator's="" primary="" and="" immediate="" contact="" for="" security-related="" activities="" and="" communications="" with="" the="" faa.="" any="" individual="" designated="" as="" an="" asc="" may="" perform="" other="" work="" duties="" in="" addition="" to="" those="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section.="" (b)="" the="" asc,="" or="" alternate="" asc,="" shall--="" (1)="" serve="" as="" the="" airport="" operator's="" primary="" and="" immediate="" contact="" for="" security-related="" activities="" and="" communications="" with="" the="" faa;="" (2)="" be="" available="" to="" the="" faa="" on="" a="" 24-hour="" basis;="" (3)="" review="" with="" sufficient="" frequency="" all="" security-related="" functions="" to="" ensure="" that="" all="" are="" effective="" and="" in="" compliance="" with="" this="" part,="" including="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" airport="" tenant="" activities,="" and="" applicable="" security="" directives;="" (4)="" immediately="" initiate="" corrective="" action="" for="" any="" instance="" of="" non-="" compliance="" with="" this="" part,="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" and="" applicable="" security="" directives;="" (5)="" review="" and="" control="" the="" results="" of="" access="" investigations="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.207="" of="" this="" part;="" (6)="" serve="" as="" the="" contact="" to="" receive="" notification="" from="" individuals="" applying="" for="" unescorted="" access="" of="" their="" intent="" to="" seek="" correction="" of="" their="" criminal="" history="" record="" with="" the="" fbi;="" and="" (7)="" perform="" any="" other="" duties="" deemed="" necessary="" by="" the="" administrator="" as="" set="" forth="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" or="" in="" a="" security="" directive.="" (c)="" effective="" [insert="" 180="" days="" after="" publication="" of="" the="" final="" rule="" in="" the="" federal="" register],="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" ensure="" and="" document="" that="" the="" individual="" designated="" as="" the="" asc,="" and="" each="" designated="" alternate="" asc,="" has="" been="" trained="" within="" the="" preceding="" 24="" calendar="" months="" to="" carry="" out="" the="" responsibilities="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section,="" as="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" the="" airport="" operator="" shall="" maintain="" asc="" training="" documentation="" in="" its="" principal="" operations="" office="" until="" 180="" days="" after="" the="" termination="" of="" each="" individual="" serving="" as="" an="" asc.="" (d)="" with="" respect="" to="" training="" required="" under="" this="" section,="" whenever="" a="" person="" completes="" recurrent="" training="" in="" the="" calendar="" month="" before="" or="" the="" calendar="" month="" after="" the="" calendar="" month="" in="" which="" that="" training="" is="" required,="" that="" person="" is="" considered="" to="" have="" completed="" the="" training="" in="" the="" calendar="" month="" in="" which="" it="" was="" required.="" sec.="" 107.7="" inspection="" authority.="" (a)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" allow="" the="" administrator,="" including="" faa="" special="" agents,="" at="" any="" time="" or="" place,="" to="" make="" any="" inspections="" or="" tests="" to="" determine="" compliance="" of="" the="" airport="" operator,="" air="" carrier,="" foreign="" air="" carrier,="" and="" other="" airport="" tentants="" with--="" (1)="" the="" airport="" security="" program;="" (2)="" this="" part;="" (3)="" 49="" cfr="" part="" 175,="" which="" relates="" to="" the="" carriage="" of="" hazardous="" materials="" by="" aircraft;="" and="" (4)="" 49="" u.s.c.="" subtitle="" vii,="" as="" amended.="" (b)="" at="" the="" request="" of="" the="" administrator,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" provide="" evidence="" of="" compliance="" with="" this="" part="" and="" its="" airport="" security="" program.="" (c)="" on="" request="" of="" any="" faa="" special="" agent,="" and="" presentation="" of="" valid="" faa-issued="" credentials,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" issue="" to="" that="" agent="" access="" and="" identification="" media="" to="" provide="" the="" special="" agent="" with="" unescorted="" access="" to,="" and="" movement="" within,="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas.="" [[page="" 41785]]="" sec.="" 107.9="" falsification.="" no="" person="" may="" make,="" or="" cause="" to="" be="" made,="" any="" of="" the="" following:="" (a)="" any="" fraudulent="" or="" intentionally="" false="" statement="" in="" any="" application="" for="" any="" security="" program,="" access="" medium,="" or="" identification="" medium,="" or="" any="" amendment="" thereto,="" under="" this="" part.="" (b)="" any="" fraudulent="" or="" intentionally="" false="" entry="" in="" any="" record="" or="" report="" that="" is="" kept,="" made,="" or="" used="" to="" show="" compliance="" with="" this="" part,="" or="" exercise="" any="" privileges="" under="" this="" part.="" (c)="" any="" reproduction="" or="" alteration,="" for="" fraudulent="" purpose,="" of="" any="" report,="" record,="" security="" program,="" access="" medium,="" or="" identification="" medium="" issued="" under="" this="" part.="" sec.="" 107.11="" security="" responsibilities="" of="" persons.="" (a)="" no="" person="" may:="" (1)="" tamper="" or="" interfere="" with,="" compromise,="" modify,="" attempt="" to="" circumvent,="" or="" cause="" a="" person="" to="" tamper="" or="" interfere="" with,="" compromise,="" modify,="" or="" circumvent,="" any="" security="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" implemented="" under="" this="" part.="" (2)="" enter,="" or="" be="" present="" within,="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" restricted="" operations="" area="" without="" complying="" with="" the="" systems,="" methods,="" or="" procedures="" being="" applied="" to="" control="" access="" to,="" or="" presence="" in="" such="" areas.="" (3)="" use,="" allow="" to="" be="" used,="" or="" cause="" to="" be="" use,="" any="" airport-approved="" access="" medium="" or="" identification="" medium="" that="" authorizes="" the="" access="" or="" presence="" of="" persons="" and="" vehicles="" in="" critical="" security="" areas="" or="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" in="" any="" other="" manner="" than="" that="" for="" which="" it="" was="" issued="" by="" the="" appropriate="" authority="" under="" this="" part,="" part="" 108,="" or="" part="" 129="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (b)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" 49="" u.s.c.="" subtile="" vii,="" and="" paragraphs="" (c)="" and="" (d)="" of="" this="" section,="" no="" individual="" may="" have="" any="" deadly="" or="" dangerous="" weapon,="" explosive,="" incendiary,="" or="" other="" destructive="" substance="" on="" or="" about="" the="" individual's="" person="" or="" accessible="" property="" when="" entering,="" or="" within="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" restricted="" operations="" area="" of="" an="" airport="" governed="" by="" this="" part,="" or="" a="" sterile="" area="" governed="" under="" sec.="" 108.201="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (c)="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" section="" with="" regard="" to="" paragraphs="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" section="" do="" not="" to="" apply="" to="" persons="" authorized="" by="" the="" federal="" government,="" airport="" operator,="" air="" carrier,="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" to="" conduct="" inspections="" for="" compliance="" with="" this="" part,="" part="" 108,="" or="" part="" 129="" of="" this="" chapter,="" or="" 49="" u.s.c.="" subtitle="" vii,="" while="" they="" are="" conducting="" an="" inspection.="" (d)="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" section="" with="" respect="" to="" firearms="" and="" weapons="" do="" not="" apply="" to="" the="" following:="" (1)="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" required="" to="" carry="" a="" firearm="" or="" other="" weapon="" while="" in="" the="" performance="" of="" their="" duties="" at="" the="" airport.="" (2)="" persons="" authorized="" to="" carry="" a="" firearm="" under="" sec.="" 108.213,="" sec.="" 108.215,="" or="" sec.="" 129.27="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (3)="" persons="" authorized="" to="" carry="" a="" firearm="" in="" a="" sterile="" area,="" critical="" security="" area,="" or="" restricted="" operations="" area="" under="" this="" part,="" an="" approved="" airport="" security="" program,="" an="" approved="" air="" carrier="" security="" program,="" or="" security="" program="" used="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (4)="" properly="" declared="" firearms="" in="" checked="" baggage="" for="" transport="" under="" sec.="" 108.213="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (5)="" transportation="" of="" hazardous="" materials="" under="" 49="" cfr="" part="" 175.="" (6)="" federal="" air="" marshals.="" (7)="" aircraft="" operators="" not="" subject="" to="" part="" 108="" or="" part="" 129="" of="" this="" chapter="" carrying="" firearms="" in="" accordance="" with="" state="" and="" local="" law.="" subpart="" b--airport="" security="" program="" sec.="" 107.101="" general="" requirements.="" (a)="" no="" person="" may="" operate="" an="" airport="" subject="" to="" this="" part="" unless="" it="" adopts="" and="" carries="" out="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" that--="" (1)="" provides="" for="" the="" safety="" and="" security="" of="" persons="" and="" property="" on="" an="" aircraft="" operating="" in="" air="" transportation="" or="" intrastate="" air="" transportation="" against="" an="" act="" of="" criminal="" violence,="" aircraft="" piracy,="" and="" the="" introduction="" of="" deadly="" or="" dangerous="" weapon,="" explosive,="" incendiary,="" or="" other="" destructive="" substance="" onto="" an="" aircraft;="" (2)="" is="" in="" writing="" and="" is="" signed="" by="" the="" airport="" operator="" or="" any="" person="" to="" whom="" the="" airport="" operator="" has="" delegated="" authority="" in="" this="" matter;="" (3)="" includes="" the="" items="" listed="" in="" sec.="" 107.103="" of="" this="" part;="" (4)="" is="" organized="" in="" the="" same="" sequence="" as="" sec.="" 107.103="" of="" this="" part="" to="" the="" extent="" practicable;="" and="" (5)="" has="" been="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator.="" (b)="" the="" airport="" operator="" shall="" maintain="" one="" complete="" copy="" of="" the="" security="" program="" in="" its="" principal="" operations="" office,="" and="" make="" it="" available="" for="" inspection="" upon="" the="" request="" of="" the="" administrator.="" (c)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall--="" (1)="" restrict="" the="" distribution,="" disclosure,="" and="" availability="" of="" sensitive="" security="" information,="" as="" defined="" in="" part="" 191="" of="" this="" chapter,="" to="" persons="" with="" a="" need="" to="" know,="" and="" (2)="" refer="" all="" requests="" for="" sensitive="" security="" information="" by="" other="" persons="" to="" the="" administrator.="" sec.="" 107.103="" content.="" (a)="" except="" as="" otherwise="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator,="" each="" airport="" regularly="" serving="" an="" air="" carrier,="" required="" to="" conduct="" screening="" under="" sec.="" 108.101(a)(1)="" or="" sec.="" 129.25(b)(1)="" of="" this="" chapter,="" shall="" include="" in="" the="" security="" program="" a="" description="" of="" the="" following--="" (1)="" name,="" means="" of="" contract,="" duties,="" and="" training="" requirements="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator,="" and="" designated="" alternates,="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.5="" of="" this="" part.="" (2)="" security="" compliance="" program="" that="" specifies="" procedures="" the="" airport="" operator="" will="" implement="" to="" ensure="" persons="" with="" authorized="" unescorted="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.9="" and="" sec.="" 107.11="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" part,="" including="" revocation="" of="" unescorted="" access="" authority="" of="" persons="" that="" fail="" to="" comply="" with="" security="" requirements.="" (3)="" critical="" security="" areas,="" including--="" (i)="" dimensions="" and="" a="" map="" detailing="" boundaries="" and="" pertinent="" features;="" (ii)="" each="" activity="" or="" entity="" on,="" or="" adjacent="" to,="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" that="" affects="" security;="" (iii)="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" used="" to="" perform="" the="" access="" control="" functions="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.201(b)(1)="" of="" this="" part;="" and="" (iv)="" notification="" signs="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.201(b)(7)="" of="" this="" part.="" (4)="" restricted="" operations="" areas,="" including--="" (i)="" dimensions="" and="" a="" map="" detailing="" boundaries,="" and="" pertinent="" features;="" (ii)="" each="" activity="" or="" entity="" on,="" or="" adjacent="" to,="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area="" that="" affects="" security;="" (iii)="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" used="" to="" perform="" the="" access="" control="" functions="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(1)="" of="" this="" part,="" and="" (iv)="" notification="" signs="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(7)="" of="" this="" part.="" (5)="" sterile="" areas,="" including--="" (i)="" dimensions="" and="" a="" map="" detailing="" boundaries="" and="" pertinent="" features;="" (ii)="" activities="" and="" tenants="" located="" within="" the="" sterile="" area;="" (iii)="" access="" controls="" to="" be="" used="" when="" the="" passenger-screening="" checkpoint="" is="" non-operational="" and="" the="" entity="" responsible="" for="" that="" access="" control;="" and="" (iv)="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" used="" to="" control="" access="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.205="" of="" this="" part.="" (6)="" access="" investigation="" procedures="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.207="" of="" this="" part.="" (7)="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" systems="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.209="" of="" this="" part.="" [[page="" 41786]]="" (8)="" escort="" procedures="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.205(d)="" of="" this="" part.="" (9)="" challenge="" procedures="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.209(f)="" of="" this="" part.="" (10)="" training="" programs="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.211="" and="" sec.="" 107.215="" of="" this="" part.="" (11)="" law="" enforcement="" support="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.213(a)="" of="" this="" part.="" (12)="" system="" for="" maintaining="" records="" and="" schedule="" for="" reporting="" records,="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.219="" of="" this="" part.="" (13)="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" used="" to="" support="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" screening="" functions="" of="" sec.="" 108.211="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (14)="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" incorporated="" in="" the="" contingency="" plan="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.301="" of="" this="" part.="" (15)="" procedures="" for="" the="" distribution,="" storage,="" and="" disposal="" of="" security="" directives,="" information="" circulars,="" and,="" as="" appropriate,="" classified="" information,="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.303="" of="" this="" part.="" (16)="" procedures="" for="" public="" advisories="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.305="" of="" this="" part.="" (17)="" incident="" management="" procedures="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.307="" of="" this="" part.="" (18)="" alternate="" security="" procedures,="" if="" any,="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" intends="" to="" use="" in="" the="" event="" of="" natural="" disasters="" and="" other="" emergencies="" or="" unusual="" conditions.="" (19)="" each="" exclusive="" area="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.111="" of="" this="" part.="" (20)="" each="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.113="" of="" this="" part.="" (b)="" except="" as="" otherwise="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator,="" each="" airport="" regularly="" serving="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" required="" to="" conduct="" screening="" under="" sec.="" 108.101(a)(2)="" or="" (a)(2)="" or="" (a)(3),="" and="" sec.="" 129.25(b)(2)="" or="" (b)(3)="" of="" this="" chapter="" shall="" include="" in="" the="" security="" program="" a="" description="" of="" the="" following--="" (1)="" name,="" means="" of="" contact,="" duties,="" and="" training="" requirements="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator,="" and="" designated="" alternates,="" as="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.5="" of="" this="" part;="" (2)="" law="" enforcement="" support="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.213(a)="" of="" this="" part;="" (3)="" training="" program="" for="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.215="" of="" this="" part;="" (4)="" system="" for="" maintaining="" records="" and="" schedule="" for="" reporting="" records,="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.219="" of="" this="" part;="" (5)="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" incorporated="" in="" the="" contingency="" plan="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.301="" of="" this="" part;="" (6)="" procedures="" for="" the="" distribution,="" storage,="" and="" disposal="" of="" security="" directives,="" information="" circulars,="" and,="" as="" appropriate,="" classified="" information,="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.303="" of="" this="" part;="" (7)="" procedures="" for="" public="" advisories="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.305="" of="" this="" part;="" and="" (8)="" incident="" management="" procedures="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.307="" of="" this="" part.="" (c)="" except="" as="" otherwise="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator,="" each="" airport="" regularly="" serving="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" required="" to="" have="" a="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 108.101(a)(4)="" or="" sec.="" 129.25(b)(4)="" of="" this="" chapter,="" shall="" include="" in="" the="" security="" program="" a="" description="" of="" the="" following--="" (1)="" name,="" means="" of="" contact,="" duties,="" and="" training="" requirements="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator,="" and="" designated="" alternates,="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.5="" of="" this="" part;="" (2)="" law="" enforcement="" support="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.213(b)="" of="" this="" part;="" (3)="" training="" programs="" for="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.215="" of="" this="" part;="" (4)="" system="" for="" maintaining="" records="" and="" schedule="" for="" reporting="" records,="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.219="" of="" this="" part;="" (5)="" procedures="" for="" the="" distribution,="" storage,="" and="" disposal="" of="" security="" directives,="" information="" circulars,="" and,="" as="" appropriate,="" classified="" information="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.303="" of="" this="" part;="" (6)="" procedures="" for="" public="" advisories="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.305="" of="" this="" part;="" and="" (7)="" incident="" management="" procedures="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.307="" of="" this="" part.="" (d)="" the="" airport="" operator="" may="" comply="" with="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b),="" and="" (c)="" of="" this="" section="" by="" including="" in="" the="" security="" program,="" as="" an="" appendix,="" any="" document="" that="" contains="" the="" information="" required="" by="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b),="" and="" (c).="" such="" an="" appendix="" shall="" be="" referenced="" in="" the="" corresponding="" section(s)="" of="" the="" security="" program.="" sec.="" 107.105="" approval="" and="" amendments.="" (a)="" approval="" of="" security="" program.="" unless="" otherwise="" authorized="" by="" the="" assistant="" administrator,="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" this="" part="" shall="" submit="" its="" proposed="" airport="" security="" program="" to="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" for="" approval="" at="" least="" 90="" days="" before="" any="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier,="" required="" to="" have="" a="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 108.101="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter,="" is="" expected="" to="" begin="" operations.="" such="" requests="" shall="" be="" processed="" as="" follows:="" (1)="" within="" 30="" days="" after="" receiving="" the="" proposed="" airport="" security="" program,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" will="" either="" approve="" the="" program="" or="" give="" the="" airport="" operator="" written="" notice="" to="" modify="" the="" program="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" of="" this="" part.="" (2)="" within="" 30="" days="" of="" receiving="" a="" notice="" to="" modify,="" the="" airport="" operator="" may="" either="" submit="" a="" modified="" security="" program="" to="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" for="" approval,="" or="" petition="" the="" administrator="" to="" reconsider="" the="" notice="" to="" modify.="" a="" petition="" for="" reconsideration="" must="" be="" filed="" with="" the="" assistant="" administrator.="" except="" in="" the="" case="" of="" an="" emergency="" requiring="" immediate="" action="" in="" the="" interest="" of="" safety,="" the="" filing="" of="" the="" petition="" stays="" the="" notice="" pending="" a="" decision="" by="" the="" administrator.="" (3)="" upon="" receipt="" of="" a="" petition="" for="" reconsideration,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" either="" amends="" or="" withdraws="" the="" notice,="" or="" transmits="" the="" petition,="" together="" with="" any="" pertinent="" information,="" to="" the="" administrator="" for="" reconsideration.="" the="" administrator="" disposes="" of="" the="" petition="" within="" 30="" days="" of="" receipt="" by="" either="" directing="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" to="" withdraw="" or="" amend="" the="" notice="" to="" modify,="" or="" by="" affirming="" the="" notice="" to="" modify.="" (b)="" amendment="" requested="" by="" an="" airport="" operator.="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" sec.="" 107.107(c)="" of="" this="" part,="" an="" airport="" operator="" may="" submit="" a="" request="" to="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" to="" amend="" its="" airport="" security="" program,="" as="" follows:="" (1)="" the="" application="" must="" be="" filed="" with="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" at="" least="" 45="" days="" before="" the="" date="" it="" proposes="" for="" the="" amendment="" to="" become="" effective,="" unless="" a="" shorter="" period="" is="" allowed="" by="" the="" assistant="" administrator.="" however,="" in="" accordance="" with="" the="" procedures="" in="" this="" paragraph,="" it="" may="" take="" longer="" than="" 45="" days="" for="" a="" final="" decision="" by="" the="" administrator.="" (2)="" within="" 30="" days="" after="" receiving="" a="" proposed="" amendment,="" the="" assistant="" administrator,="" in="" writing,="" either="" approves="" or="" denies="" the="" request="" to="" amend.="" (3)="" an="" amendment="" to="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" may="" be="" approved="" if="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" determines="" that="" safety="" and="" the="" public="" interest="" will="" allow="" it,="" and="" the="" proposed="" amendment="" provides="" the="" level="" of="" security="" required="" under="" this="" part.="" (4)="" within="" 30="" days="" after="" receiving="" a="" denial,="" the="" airport="" operator="" may="" petition="" the="" administrator="" to="" reconsider="" the="" denial.="" (5)="" upon="" receipt="" of="" a="" petition="" for="" reconsideration,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" either="" approves="" the="" request="" to="" amend="" or="" transmits="" the="" petition,="" together="" with="" any="" pertinent="" information,="" to="" the="" administrator="" for="" reconsideration.="" the="" administrator="" disposes="" of="" the="" petition="" within="" 30="" days="" of="" receipt="" by="" either="" directing="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" to="" approve="" the="" amendment="" or="" affirm="" the="" denial.="" [[page="" 41787]]="" (c)="" amendment="" by="" the="" faa.="" if="" safety="" and="" the="" public="" interest="" require="" an="" amendment,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" may="" amend="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" as="" follows:="" (1)="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" sends="" to="" the="" airport="" operator="" a="" notice,="" in="" writing,="" of="" the="" proposed="" amendment,="" fixing="" a="" period="" of="" not="" less="" than="" 30="" days="" within="" which="" the="" airport="" operator="" may="" submit="" written="" information,="" views,="" and="" arguments="" on="" the="" amendment.="" (2)="" after="" considering="" all="" relevant="" material,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" notifies="" the="" airport="" operator="" of="" any="" amendment="" adopted="" or="" rescinds="" the="" notice.="" if="" the="" amendment="" is="" adopted,="" it="" becomes="" effective="" not="" less="" than="" 30="" days="" after="" the="" airport="" operator="" receives="" the="" notice="" of="" amendment,="" unless="" the="" airport="" operator="" petitions="" the="" administrator="" to="" reconsider="" no="" later="" than="" 15="" days="" before="" the="" effective="" date="" of="" the="" amendment.="" the="" airport="" operator="" shall="" send="" the="" petition="" for="" reconsideration="" to="" the="" assistant="" administrator.="" a="" timely="" petition="" for="" reconsideration="" stays="" the="" effective="" date="" of="" the="" amendment.="" (3)="" upon="" receipt="" of="" a="" petition="" for="" reconsideration,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" either="" amends="" or="" withdraws="" the="" notice,="" or="" transmits="" the="" petition,="" together="" with="" any="" pertinent="" information="" to="" the="" administrator="" for="" reconsideration.="" the="" administrator="" disposes="" of="" the="" petition="" within="" 30="" days="" of="" receipt="" by="" either="" directing="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" to="" withdraw="" or="" amend="" the="" amendment,="" or="" by="" affirming="" the="" amendment.="" (d)="" emergency="" amendments.="" notwithstanding="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b),="" and="" (c)="" of="" this="" section,="" if="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" finds="" that="" there="" is="" an="" emergency="" requiring="" immediate="" action="" with="" respect="" to="" safety="" in="" air="" transportation="" or="" in="" air="" commerce="" that="" makes="" procedures="" in="" this="" section="" contrary="" to="" the="" public="" interest,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" may="" issue="" an="" amendment,="" effective="" without="" stay,="" on="" the="" date="" the="" airport="" operator="" receives="" notice="" of="" it.="" in="" such="" a="" case,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" shall="" incorporate="" in="" the="" notice="" a="" brief="" statement="" of="" the="" reasons="" and="" findings="" for="" the="" amendment="" to="" be="" adopted.="" the="" airport="" may="" file="" a="" petition="" for="" reconsideration="" under="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section,="" however,="" this="" does="" not="" stay="" the="" effectiveness="" of="" the="" emergency="" amendment.="" sec.="" 107.107="" changed="" conditions="" affecting="" security.="" (a)="" after="" approval="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" notify="" the="" administrator="" when="" changes="" have="" occurred="" to="" the--="" (1)="" procedures,="" methods,="" system,="" facilities,="" training,="" equipment,="" area="" descriptions,="" staffing,="" or="" any="" other="" description="" or="" requirement="" prescribed="" by="" the="" airport="" security="" program;="" (2)="" nature="" of="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" operations,="" including="" changes="" to="" level="" of="" service,="" aircraft,="" and="" leasehold;="" or="" (3)="" layout="" or="" physical="" structure="" of="" any="" area="" under="" the="" control="" of="" the="" airport="" operator,="" air="" carrier,="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" used="" to="" support="" the="" screening,="" access,="" or="" movement="" control="" functions="" required="" under="" parts="" 107,="" 108,="" or="" 129="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (b)="" whenever="" a="" changed="" condition="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (a)="" of="" this="" section="" occurs,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" notify="" the="" administrator="" within="" 2="" hours,="" or="" within="" the="" time="" specified="" in="" its="" security="" program,="" of="" discovery="" of="" the="" changed="" condition="" and="" each="" interim="" measure="" being="" taken="" to="" maintain="" adequate="" security="" until="" an="" appropriate="" amendment="" to="" the="" security="" program="" is="" approved.="" each="" interim="" measure(s)="" must="" be="" acceptable="" to="" the="" administrator.="" (c)="" for="" changed="" conditions="" under="" 60="" days="" duration,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" forward="" the="" information="" required="" in="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section="" in="" writing="" to="" the="" administrator="" within="" 72="" hours="" of="" the="" original="" notification="" of="" the="" change="" condition(s).="" the="" administrator="" will="" notify="" the="" airport="" operator="" of="" the="" disposition="" of="" the="" notification="" in="" writing.="" if="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator,="" this="" written="" notification="" will="" become="" a="" part="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" for="" the="" duration="" of="" the="" changed="" condition(s).="" (d)="" for="" changed="" conditions="" over="" 60="" days="" duration,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" forward="" the="" information="" required="" in="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section="" in="" the="" form="" of="" a="" proposed="" amendment="" to="" the="" airport="" operator's="" security="" program,="" as="" required="" under="" sec.="" 0107.105="" of="" this="" part.="" the="" request="" for="" an="" amendment="" shall="" be="" made="" within="" 30="" days="" of="" the="" discovery="" of="" the="" changed="" condition(s).="" the="" administrator="" will="" respond="" to="" the="" request="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.105="" of="" this="" part.="" sec.="" 107.109="" alternate="" means="" of="" compliance.="" if="" the="" safety="" and="" security="" of="" the="" airport,="" and="" air="" carrier="" passengers="" and="" operations,="" are="" not="" diminished,="" the="" administrator="" may="" approve="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" that="" permits="" the="" use="" of="" alternate="" means="" of="" compliance="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" this="" part.="" such="" an="" amendment="" may="" be="" considered="" for="" an="" airport="" operator="" of="" an="" airport="" that="" is="" served="" seasonally="" or="" infrequently="" by="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" required="" to="" conduct="" screening="" under="" sec.="" 108.101(a)(1)="" or="" sec.="" 129.25(b)(1)="" of="" this="" chapter.="" sec.="" 107.111="" exclusive="" area="" agreements.="" (a)="" the="" administrator="" may="" approve="" an="" amendment="" to="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" in="" accordance="" with="" this="" section="" that="" permits="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" that="" has="" an="" approved="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" part="" 129="" to="" assume="" responsibility="" for="" specified="" security="" measures="" for="" all="" or="" portions="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" areas="" or="" restricted="" operations="" areas.="" the="" assumption="" of="" responsibility="" must="" be="" exclusive="" to="" one="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier,="" and="" shared="" responsibility="" among="" air="" carriers="" or="" foreign="" air="" carriers="" is="" not="" permitted.="" (b)="" an="" exclusive="" area="" agreement="" shall="" be="" in="" writing="" and="" maintained="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" this="" agreement="" shall="" contain="" descriptions="" of="" the="" following:="" (1)="" dimensions,="" boundaries,="" and="" pertinent="" features="" of="" each="" area,="" or="" individual="" access="" points,="" over="" which="" the="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" will="" exercise="" exclusive="" security="" responsibility.="" (2)="" procedures="" and="" a="" description="" of="" the="" facilities="" and="" equipment="" used="" to="" perform="" the="" control="" functions="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.201="" or="" sec.="" 107.203="" of="" this="" part,="" as="" appropriate.="" (3)="" procedures="" by="" which="" the="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" will="" immediately="" notify="" the="" airport="" operator="" and="" provide="" for="" alternative="" security="" measures="" when="" the="" procedures,="" facilities,="" and="" equipment="" required="" by="" the="" agreement="" are="" not="" adequate="" to="" perform="" the="" control="" functions="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.201="" or="" sec.="" 107.203="" of="" this="" part,="" as="" appropriate.="" (4)="" methods="" by="" which="" the="" airport="" operator="" will="" monitor="" and="" audit="" the="" air="" carrier's="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier's="" compliance="" with="" the="" exclusive="" area="" agreement.="" (5)="" circumstances="" under="" which="" the="" airport="" operator="" will="" terminate="" the="" exclusive="" area="" agreement="" for="" cause="" and="" resume="" responsibility="" for="" security="" measures="" covered="" by="" the="" exclusive="" area="" agreement.="" sec.="" 107.113="" airport="" tenant="" security="" programs.="" (a)="" the="" administrator="" may="" approve="" an="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" that="" permits="" an="" airport="" tenant="" having="" access="" to="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" restricted="" operations="" area="" to="" accept="" responsibility="" for="" all="" or="" part="" of="" the="" specified="" security="" measures="" of="" secs.="" 107.201="" or="" 107.203="" of="" this="" part="" within="" the="" tenant's="" leased="" areas="" or="" areas="" designated="" for="" the="" tenant's="" exclusive="" use="" under="" an="" agreement="" with="" the="" airport="" operator.="" this="" airport="" tenant="" [[page="" 41788]]="" security="" program="" shall="" be="" included="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" (b)="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" shall="" include="" the="" following:="" (1)="" dimensions,="" boundaries,="" and="" pertinent="" features="" of="" each="" area="" covered="" by="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program.="" (2)="" measures="" by="" which="" the="" tenant="" will="" carry="" out="" within="" its="" designated="" areas="" the="" security="" requirements="" imposed="" by="" the="" administrator="" on="" the="" airport="" operator.="" (3)="" methods="" by="" which="" the="" airport="" operator="" will="" monitor="" and="" audit="" the="" tenant's="" compliance="" with="" the="" security="" requirements.="" (4)="" terms="" of="" the="" agreement,="" including="" monetary="" and="" other="" penalties,="" to="" which="" the="" tenant="" may="" be="" subject="" if="" it="" fails="" to="" carry="" out="" any="" security="" requirements="" it="" agreed="" to="" perform.="" (5)="" circumstances="" under="" which="" the="" airport="" operator="" will="" terminate="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" for="" cause.="" (c)="" the="" airport="" operator="" may="" not="" be="" found="" to="" be="" in="" violation="" of="" a="" requirement="" of="" this="" part="" in="" any="" case="" in="" which="" the="" airport="" operator="" demonstrates="" that:="" (1)="" the="" tenant,="" or="" an="" employee,="" permittee,="" or="" invitee="" of="" the="" tenant,="" is="" responsible="" for="" such="" violation;="" and="" (2)="" the="" airport="" operator="" has="" complied="" with="" all="" measures="" in="" its="" airport="" security="" program="" to="" ensure="" the="" tenant="" has="" complied="" with="" the="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program.="" (d)="" the="" administrator="" may="" amend="" or="" terminate="" an="" airport="" tenant="" security="" program="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.105="" of="" this="" part.="" subpart="" c--operations="" sec.="" 107.201="" security="" of="" the="" critical="" security="" area.="" (a)="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103(a)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" establish="" at="" least="" one="" critical="" security="" area="" and="" describe="" each="" critical="" security="" area="" in="" its="" security="" program.="" (b)="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" establish="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" shall="" do="" the="" following:="" (1)="" prevent="" the="" entry="" of="" unauthorized="" individuals="" and="" ground="" vehicles="" by="" establishing="" and="" carrying="" out="" a="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" for="" controlling="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas="" of="" the="" airport="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.205="" of="" this="" part.="" (2)="" establish="" and="" carry="" out="" a="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" system="" described="" under="" sec.="" 107.209="" of="" this="" part="" to="" control="" the="" presence="" and="" movement="" of="" persons="" and="" ground="" vehicles="" within="" the="" critical="" security="" area.="" (3)="" establish="" and="" use="" escort="" procedures="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.205(d)="" of="" this="" part.="" (4)="" establish="" and="" use="" challenge="" procedures="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.209(f)="" of="" this="" part.="" (5)="" subject="" each="" individual="" to="" a="" personnel="" background="" check="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.207="" of="" this="" part="" before="" authorizing="" unescorted="" access="" to="" a="" critical="" security="" area.="" (6)="" train="" each="" individual="" before="" granting="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area,="" as="" required="" in="" sec.="" 107.211(b)="" of="" this="" part.="" (7)="" post="" signs="" at="" critical="" security="" area="" access="" points="" and="" on="" the="" perimeter="" that="" provide="" warning="" of="" the="" prohibition="" against="" unauthorized="" access.="" such="" warning="" signs="" shall="" be="" posted="" by="" each="" airport="" operator="" not="" later="" than="" 2="" years="" after="" [the="" effective="" date="" of="" this="" rule].="" sec.="" 107.203="" security="" of="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" (a)="" for="" those="" portions="" of="" the="" airport="" where="" air="" carrier="" and="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" aircraft="" take="" off,="" land,="" taxi,="" park="" and="" otherwise="" maneuver="" but="" are="" not="" delineated="" as="" a="" critical="" security="" area,="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103(a)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" establish="" and="" describe="" in="" its="" security="" program="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" (b)="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" establish="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area="" shall="" do="" the="" following:="" (1)="" use="" a="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" for="" controlling="" access="" to="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" of="" the="" airport="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.205(b)="" of="" this="" part.="" (2)="" subject="" each="" individual="" to="" a="" 5-year="" employment="" history="" verification="" before="" authorizing="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" (3)="" establish="" and="" use="" a="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" system="" described="" under="" sec.="" 107.209="" of="" this="" part="" to="" control="" the="" presence="" and="" movement="" of="" individuals="" and="" ground="" vehicles="" within="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" (4)="" establish="" and="" use="" escort="" procedures="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.205(d)="" of="" this="" part.="" (5)="" establish="" and="" use="" challenge="" procedures="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.209(f)="" of="" this="" part.="" (6)="" provide="" security="" information="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 107.211(c)="" of="" this="" part="" to="" each="" individual="" with="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" (7)="" post="" signs="" on="" restricted="" operations="" area="" access="" points="" and="" perimeters="" that="" provide="" warning="" of="" the="" prohibition="" against="" unauthorized="" access.="" signs="" shall="" be="" implemented="" by="" each="" airport="" operator="" not="" later="" than="" 2="" years="" after="" [the="" effective="" date="" of="" this="" rule].="" sec.="" 107.205="" access="" control="" systems.="" (a)="" critical="" security="" area.="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (g)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" for="" controlling="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.201(b)(1)="" of="" this="" part="" shall--="" (1)="" ensure="" that="" only="" those="" individuals="" authorized="" to="" have="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" are="" able="" to="" obtain="" that="" access;="" (2)="" ensure="" that="" an="" individual="" is="" immediately="" denied="" access="" to="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" when="" that="" person's="" authority="" for="" that="" area="" is="" withdrawn;="" (3)="" provide="" a="" means="" to="" differentiate="" between="" individuals="" authorized="" to="" have="" access="" to="" an="" entire="" critical="" security="" area="" an="" individuals="" authorized="" access="" to="" only="" a="" particular="" portion="" of="" a="" critical="" security="" area;="" and="" (4)="" be="" capable="" of="" limiting="" an="" individual's="" access="" to="" a="" critical="" area="" by="" time="" and="" date,="" as="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" contingency="" plan="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.301="" of="" this="" part.="" (b)="" restricted="" operations="" area.="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraphs="" (c)="" and="" (e)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" for="" controlling="" access="" to="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(1)="" of="" this="" part="" shall--="" (1)="" prevent="" the="" entry="" of="" unauthorized="" individuals="" and="" ground="" vehicles;="" (2)="" provide="" for="" detection="" of="" and="" response="" to="" each="" unauthorized="" presence="" in="" or="" access="" or="" attempted="" access="" to,="" the="" restricted="" operations="" area="" by="" an="" individual="" whose="" entry="" is="" not="" authorized="" in="" accordance="" with="" the="" airport="" security="" program;="" (3)="" be="" locally="" controlled;="" and="" (4)="" incorporate="" accountability="" procedures="" to="" maintain="" the="" integrity="" of="" that="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure.="" (c)="" secondary="" access="" media.="" an="" airport="" operator="" may="" issue="" a="" second="" access="" medium="" to="" individuals="" authorized="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas,="" if="" the="" airport="" operator="" follows="" methods="" and="" procedures="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" that--="" (1)="" verify="" the="" access="" authorization="" of="" the="" individuals="" granted="" unescorted="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" but="" are="" not="" in="" possession="" of="" their="" original="" access="" medium;="" (2)="" limit="" time="" of="" access="" with="" second="" access="" medium;="" (3)="" retrieve="" the="" second="" access="" medium="" when="" expired;="" and="" (4)="" deactivate="" or="" invalidate="" temporarily="" the="" original="" access="" medium="" until="" the="" time="" that="" the="" individual="" returns="" the="" second="" access="" medium.="" (d)="" escorting.="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" establish="" and="" implement="" [[page="" 41789]]="" procedures="" for="" escorting="" individuals="" who="" do="" not="" have="" unescorted="" access="" authority="" to="" a="" critical="" security="" area="" or="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area="" that--="" (1)="" ensure="" that="" only="" individuals="" with="" unescorted="" access="" authority="" are="" permitted="" to="" escort;="" (2)="" ensure="" that="" the="" escorted="" individuals="" are="" continuously="" accompanied="" or="" supervised="" in="" a="" manner="" sufficient="" to="" take="" action="" should="" escorted="" individuals="" engage="" in="" activities="" other="" than="" those="" for="" which="" escorted="" access="" was="" granted;="" (3)="" identify="" what="" action="" is="" to="" be="" taken="" by="" the="" escort,="" or="" other="" authorized="" individual,="" should="" individuals="" under="" escort="" engage="" in="" activities="" other="" than="" those="" for="" which="" access="" was="" granted;="" (4)="" prescribe="" law="" enforcement="" support="" of="" escort="" activities;="" and="" (5)="" ensure="" that="" individuals="" escorted="" to="" a="" sterile="" area="" without="" being="" screened="" under="" sec.="" 108.201="" of="" this="" chapter="" remain="" under="" escort="" in="" accordance="" with="" this="" section,="" or="" submit="" to="" screening="" pursuant="" to="" sec.="" 108.201="" of="" this="" part.="" (3)="" group="" validation.="" an="" airport="" operator="" may="" submit="" for="" approval="" by="" the="" administrator="" procedures="" in="" its="" airport="" security="" program="" for="" group="" validation="" without="" each="" individual="" validating="" access="" authority="" at="" individual="" access="" points.="" (f)="" sterile="" areas.="" with="" the="" exception="" of="" access="" points="" leading="" from="" a="" critical="" security="" area,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" ensure="" that="" all="" points="" that="" provide="" access="" to="" the="" sterile="" area="" from="" nonpublic="" areas="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" this="" section.="" (g)="" alternative="" systems.="" the="" administrator="" may="" approve="" an="" amendment="" to="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" that="" provides="" an="" alternative="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" that="" provides="" an="" overall="" level="" of="" security="" equal="" to="" that="" which="" would="" be="" provided="" by="" the="" system,="" method,="" or="" procedure="" described="" in="" paragraphs="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" section.="" sec.="" 107.207="" employment="" history,="" verification,="" and="" criminal="" history="" records="" checks--[reserved]="" [note:="" the="" is="" a="" separate="" rulemaking="" action="" that="" will="" result="" in="" new="" text="" for="" this="" section.="" to="" avoid="" confusion,="" the="" section="" is="" not="" repeated="" here.="" see="" the="" preamble="" for="" further="" explanation.]="" sec.="" 107.209="" identification="" systems.="" (a)="" personnel="" identification="" system.="" the="" personnel="" identification="" system="" under="" secs.="" 107.201(b)(2)="" or="" 107.203(b)(3)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" include="" the="" following:="" (1)="" personnel="" identification="" media="" that--="" (i)="" convey="" accurate="" identification="" of="" the="" individual="" to="" whom="" the="" identification="" medium="" is="" issued;="" (ii)="" indicate="" clearly="" the="" scope="" of="" the="" individual's="" access="" and="" movement="" privileges;="" (iii)="" indicate="" clearly="" an="" expiration="" date;="" and="" (iv)="" are="" of="" sufficient="" size="" and="" appearance="" as="" to="" be="" readily="" observable="" for="" challenge="" purposes.="" (2)="" procedures="" to="" ensure="" that="" each="" individual="" continuously="" displays="" the="" identification="" medium="" issued="" to="" that="" individual.="" (3)="" procedures="" to="" ensure="" accountability="" through="" the="" following--="" (i)="" retrieving="" expired="" identification="" media;="" (ii)="" reporting="" lost="" or="" stolen="" identification="" media;="" (iii)="" securing="" unissued="" identification="" media="" stock="" and="" supplies;="" (iv)="" auditing="" the="" system="" at="" a="" minimum="" of="" once="" a="" year="" or="" sooner="" as="" necessary="" to="" ensure="" the="" integrity="" and="" accountability="" of="" all="" identification="" media;="" (v)="" as="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" revalidate="" the="" identification="" system="" or="" reissue="" identification="" media="" if="" a="" portion="" of="" all="" issued="" identification="" media="" become="" unaccounted="" for,="" including="" identification="" media="" that="" is="" combined="" with="" access="" media;="" and="" (vi)="" ensure="" that="" only="" one="" identification="" medium="" is="" issued="" to="" an="" individual="" at="" a="" time.="" a="" replacement="" identification="" medium="" may="" only="" be="" issued="" if="" an="" individual="" declares="" in="" writing="" that="" the="" medium="" has="" been="" lost="" or="" stolen.="" (b)="" vehicle="" identification="" system.="" the="" identification="" system="" required="" under="" sec.="" 107.201(b)(2)="" and="" sec.="" 107.203(b)(3)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" include="" the="" following:="" (1)="" vehicle="" identification="" media="" that--="" (i)="" indicate="" clearly="" the="" scope="" of="" the="" vehicle's="" access="" and="" movement;="" (ii)="" indicate="" clearly="" an="" expiration="" date;="" and="" (iii)="" are="" of="" sufficient="" size="" and="" appearance="" as="" to="" be="" readily="" visible="" when="" affixed="" to="" the="" vehicle.="" (2)="" procedures="" to="" ensure="" accountability="" through--="" (i)="" retrieving="" expired="" vehicle="" identification="" media;="" (ii)="" reporting="" lost="" or="" stolen="" vehicle="" media;="" (iii)="" securing="" unissued="" vehicle="" identification="" media="" stock="" and="" supplies;="" (iv)="" auditing="" the="" system="" at="" a="" minimum="" of="" once="" a="" year="" or="" sooner="" as="" necessary="" to="" ensure="" accountability="" of="" all="" vehicle="" identification="" media;="" (v)="" as="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" revalidate,="" or="" reissue="" vehicle="" identification="" media,="" if="" a="" portion="" of="" all="" issued="" vehicle="" identification="" media="" become="" unaccounted="" for;="" and="" (vi)="" ensure="" that="" only="" one="" identification="" medium="" is="" issued="" to="" a="" vehicle="" at="" a="" time.="" a="" replacement="" identification="" medium="" may="" only="" be="" issued="" if="" the="" owner="" of="" the="" vehicle,="" or="" designee,="" declares="" in="" writing="" that="" the="" medium="" has="" been="" lost="" or="" stolen.="" (c)="" part="" 139,="" ground="" vehicle="" system.="" if="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator,="" a="" vehicle="" access="" control="" and="" operations="" system="" may="" be="" used="" to="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" both="" sec.="" 139.329,="" ground="" vehicles="" and="" this="" section.="" (d)="" temporary="" identification="" media.="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" issue="" personnel="" and="" vehicle="" identification="" media="" to="" persons="" whose="" duties="" are="" expected="" to="" be="" temporary.="" temporary="" identification="" media="" system="" shall="" include="" procedures="" and="" methods="" to--="" (1)="" retrieve="" temporary="" identification="" media;="" (2)="" authorize="" the="" use="" of="" a="" temporary="" media="" for="" a="" limited="" time="" only;="" and="" (3)="" ensure="" that="" temporary="" media="" are="" distinct="" and="" clearly="" display="" an="" expiration="" date.="" (e)="" airport-approved="" identification="" media.="" the="" administrator="" may="" approve="" the="" use="" of="" identification="" media="" meeting="" the="" criteria="" of="" this="" section="" that="" are="" issued="" by="" entities="" other="" than="" the="" airport="" operator,="" as="" described="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" (f)="" challenge="" program.="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" establish="" and="" carry="" out="" a="" challenge="" program="" that="" requires="" each="" individual="" authorized="" unescorted="" access="" to="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas="" to="" ascertain="" the="" authority="" of="" any="" individual="" not="" displaying="" an="" authorized="" identification="" media="" to="" be="" present="" in="" such="" areas.="" a="" challenge="" program="" shall="" include="" procedures="" to="" verbally="" challenge="" or="" report="" individuals="" not="" visibly="" displaying="" authorized="" identification="" media="" that--="" (1)="" apply="" uniformly="" in="" both="" critical="" security="" areas="" and="" restricted="" operations="" areas,="" including="" exclusive="" areas;="" (2)="" identify="" how="" to="" challenge="" directly="" or="" report="" individuals="" not="" visibly="" displaying="" authorized="" identification="" medium,="" including="" procedures="" to="" notify="" the="" appropriate="" authority;="" and="" (3)="" prescribe="" law="" enforcement="" support="" of="" challenge="" procedures,="" including="" response="" to="" reports="" of="" individuals="" not="" displaying="" authorized="" identification.="" (g)="" effective="" date.="" the="" identification="" systems="" described="" in="" this="" section="" shall="" be="" implemented="" by="" each="" airport="" operator="" not="" later="" than="" 2="" years="" after="" [the="" effective="" date="" of="" this="" rule].="" sec.="" 107.211="" training.="" (a)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" ensure="" that="" individuals="" performing="" security-="" [[page="" 41790]]="" related="" functions="" for="" the="" airport="" operator="" are="" briefed="" on="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" part,="" applicable="" security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars="" promulgated="" pursuant="" to="" sec.="" 107.303="" of="" this="" part,="" and="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" to="" the="" extent="" that="" such="" individuals="" need="" to="" know="" in="" order="" to="" perform="" their="" duties.="" (b)="" an="" airport="" operator="" may="" not="" authorize="" any="" individual="" unescorted="" access="" to="" the="" critical="" security="" area="" unless="" that="" individual="" has="" successfully="" completed="" training="" in="" accordance="" with="" the="" faa-approved="" curriculum="" specified="" in="" the="" security="" program.="" this="" curriculum="" must="" detail="" the="" methods="" of="" instruction="" and="" include="" at="" least="" the="" following="" topics--="" (1)="" control,="" use,="" and="" display="" of="" airport-approved="" access="" and="" identification="" media;="" (2)="" escort="" and="" challenge="" procedures,="" and="" the="" law="" enforcement="" support="" for="" these="" procedures;="" (3)="" security="" responsibilities="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.9="" and="" sec.="" 107.11="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" part;="" and="" (4)="" any="" other="" topics="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" (c)="" an="" airport="" operator="" may="" not="" authorize="" any="" individual="" unescorted="" access="" to="" a="" restricted="" operations="" area="" unless="" that="" individual="" has="" been="" provided,="" and="" so="" acknowledges="" in="" writing,="" information="" in="" accordance="" with="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" including--="" (1)="" control,="" use,="" and="" display="" of="" airport-approved="" access="" and="" identification="" media;="" (2)="" escort="" and="" challenge="" procedures="" and="" the="" law="" enforcement="" support="" for="" these="" procedures;="" (3)="" security="" responsibilities="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 107.9="" and="" sec.="" 107.11="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" part;="" and="" (4)="" any="" other="" topics="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" (d)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" maintain="" a="" record="" of="" all="" training="" given="" to="" each="" individual="" under="" this="" section="" and="" written="" acknowledgment="" required="" under="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section,="" for="" 180="" days="" after="" the="" termination="" of="" that="" person's="" unescorted="" access="" authority.="" (e)="" training="" described="" in="" this="" section="" shall="" be="" implemented="" by="" each="" airport="" operator="" not="" later="" than="" 2="" years="" after="" [insert="" the="" effective="" date="" of="" this="" rule].="" sec.="" 107.213="" law="" enforcement="" support.="" (a)="" in="" accordance="" with="" sec.="" 107.215="" of="" this="" part,="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" provide:="" (1)="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" in="" the="" number="" and="" manner="" adequate="" to="" support="" its="" security="" program.="" (2)="" uniformed="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" in="" the="" number="" and="" manner="" adequate="" to="" support="" each="" passenger-screening="" system="" required="" under="" sec.="" 108.201="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (b)="" each="" airport="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103(c)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" ensure="" that:="" (1)="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" are="" available="" and="" committed="" to="" respond="" to="" an="" incident="" at="" the="" request="" of="" an="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" that="" has="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter.="" (2)="" the="" procedures="" by="" which="" to="" request="" law="" enforcement="" support="" are="" provided="" to="" each="" air="" carrier="" or="" foreign="" air="" carrier="" that="" has="" a="" security="" program="" under="" part="" 108="" or="" sec.="" 129.25="" of="" this="" chapter.="" sec.="" 107.215="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" (a)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" ensure="" that="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" used="" to="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 107.213="" of="" this="" part,="" meet="" the="" following="" qualifications="" while="" on="" duty="" at="" the="" airport--="" (1)="" have="" arrest="" authority="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section;="" (2)="" are="" identifiable="" by="" appropriate="" indicia="" of="" authority;="" (3)="" are="" armed="" and="" firearm="" and="" authorized="" to="" use="" it;="" and="" (4)="" have="" completed="" a="" training="" program="" that="" meets="" the="" requirements="" of="" paragraphs="" (c)="" and="" (d)="" of="" this="" section.="" (b)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" ensure="" that="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" used="" to="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 107.213="" of="" this="" part="" have="" the="" authority="" to="" arrest,="" with="" or="" without="" a="" warrant,="" while="" on="" duty="" at="" the="" airport="" for="" the="" following="" violations="" of="" the="" criminal="" laws="" of="" the="" state="" and="" local="" jurisdictions="" in="" which="" the="" airport="" is="" located--="" (1)="" a="" crime="" committed="" in="" the="" presence="" of="" the="" law="" enforcement="" personnel;="" and="" (2)="" a="" felony,="" when="" the="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" has="" reason="" to="" believe="" that="" the="" suspect="" has="" committed="" it.="" (c)="" the="" training="" program="" required="" by="" paragraph="" (a)(4)="" of="" this="" section="" shall--="" (1)="" in="" the="" case="" of="" law="" enforcement="" officers,="" meet="" the="" training="" standards="" prescribed="" by="" either="" the="" state="" or="" local="" jurisdiction="" in="" which="" the="" airport="" is="" located="" for="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" performing="" comparable="" functions.="" (2)="" in="" the="" case="" of="" private="" law="" enforcement="" personnel,="" be="" trained="" in="" a="" manner="" acceptable="" to="" the="" administrator,="" if="" the="" state="" and="" local="" jurisdictions="" in="" which="" the="" airport="" is="" located="" do="" not="" prescribe="" training="" standards="" for="" private="" security="" personnel="" who="" meet="" the="" standards="" in="" paragraph="" (a)="" of="" this="" section.="" (3)="" include="" training="" in--="" (i)="" the="" use="" of="" firearms;="" (ii)="" the="" courteous="" and="" efficient="" treatment="" of="" persons="" subject="" to="" inspection,="" detention,="" search,="" arrest,="" and="" other="" aviation="" security="" activities;="" (iii)="" the="" responsibilities="" of="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" under="" the="" airport="" security="" program;="" and="" (iv)="" any="" other="" subject="" the="" administrator="" determines="" is="" necessary.="" (d)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" document="" the="" training="" program="" required="" by="" paragraph="" (a)(4)="" of="" this="" section="" and--="" (1)="" maintain="" documentation="" of="" training="" in="" its="" principal="" operations="" office="" until="" 180="" days="" after="" the="" departure="" or="" removal="" of="" each="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" from="" service="" at="" the="" airport;="" and="" (2)="" make="" training="" documentation="" available="" for="" inspection="" upon="" the="" request="" of="" the="" administrator.="" sec.="" 107.217="" supplementing="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" (a)="" when="" the="" administrator="" decides,="" after="" being="" notified="" by="" an="" airport="" operator="" as="" prescribed="" in="" this="" section,="" that="" not="" enough="" qualified="" state,="" local,="" and="" private="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" are="" available="" to="" carry="" out="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 107.213="" of="" this="" part,="" the="" administrator="" may="" authorize="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" use,="" on="" a="" reimbursable="" basis,="" personnel="" employed="" by="" the="" administrator,="" or="" by="" another="" department,="" agency,="" or="" instrumentality="" of="" the="" government="" with="" the="" consent="" of="" the="" head="" of="" the="" department,="" agency,="" or="" instrumentality,="" to="" supplement="" state,="" local,="" and="" private="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" (b)="" each="" request="" for="" the="" use="" of="" federal="" personnel="" must="" be="" submitted="" to="" the="" administrator="" and="" include="" the="" following="" information:="" (1)="" the="" number="" of="" passengers="" enplaned="" at="" the="" airport="" during="" the="" preceding="" calendar="" year="" and="" the="" current="" calendar="" year="" a="" of="" the="" date="" of="" the="" request.="" (2)="" the="" anticipated="" risk="" of="" criminal="" violence,="" sabotage,="" aircraft="" piracy,="" and="" other="" unlawful="" interference="" to="" civil="" aviation="" operations.="" (3)="" a="" copy="" of="" that="" portion="" of="" the="" airport="" security="" program="" which="" describes="" the="" law="" enforcement="" support="" necessary="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.213="" of="" this="" part.="" (4)="" the="" availability="" of="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" who="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 107.215="" of="" this="" part,="" including="" a="" description="" of="" the="" airport="" operator's="" efforts="" to="" obtain="" law="" enforcement="" support="" from="" state,="" local,="" and="" private="" agencies="" and="" the="" responses="" of="" those="" agencies.="" [[page="" 41791]]="" (5)="" the="" airport="" operator's="" estimate="" of="" the="" number="" of="" federal="" personnel="" needed="" to="" supplement="" available="" law="" enforcement="" personnel="" and="" the="" period="" of="" time="" for="" which="" they="" are="" needed.="" (6)="" a="" statement="" acknowledging="" responsibility="" for="" providing="" reimbursement="" for="" the="" cost="" of="" providing="" federal="" personnel.="" (7)="" any="" other="" information="" the="" administrator="" considers="" necessary.="" (c)="" in="" response="" to="" a="" request="" submitted="" in="" accordance="" with="" this="" section,="" the="" administrator="" may="" authorize,="" on="" a="" reimbursable="" basis,="" the="" use="" of="" personnel="" employed="" by="" a="" federal="" agency,="" with="" the="" consent="" of="" the="" head="" of="" that="" agency.="" sec.="" 107.219="" records.="" (a)="" all="" records="" required="" to="" be="" maintained="" under="" this="" part="" shall="" be="" furnished="" to="" the="" administrator="" pursuant="" to="" the="" schedule="" included="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" (b)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" ensure="" that--="" (1)="" a="" record="" is="" made="" of="" each="" law="" enforcement="" response="" taken="" in="" furtherance="" of="" this="" part;="" and="" (2)="" the="" record="" is="" maintained="" for="" a="" minimum="" of="" 180="" days.="" (c)="" data="" developed="" in="" response="" to="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section="" must="" include="" at="" least="" the="" following:="" (1)="" the="" number="" and="" type="" of="" deadly="" or="" dangerous="" weapon,="" explosive,="" incendiary,="" or="" other="" destructive="" substance="" discovered="" during="" any="" passenger-screening="" process,="" and="" the="" method="" of="" detection="" of="" each;="" (2)="" the="" number="" of="" acts="" and="" attempted="" acts="" of="" aircraft="" piracy.="" (3)="" the="" number="" of="" bomb="" threats="" received,="" real="" and="" simulated="" bombs="" found,="" and="" actual="" detonations="" on="" the="" airport.="" (4)="" the="" number="" of="" detentions="" and="" arrests,="" including--="" (i)="" name,="" address,="" and="" the="" immediate="" disposition="" of="" each="" individual="" detained="" or="" arrested;="" (ii)="" type="" of="" deadly="" or="" dangerous="" weapon,="" explosive,="" incendiary,="" or="" other="" destructive="" substance="" confiscated,="" as="" appropriate;="" and="" (iii)="" identification="" of="" the="" air="" carriers="" or="" foreign="" air="" carriers="" on="" which="" the="" individual="" detained="" or="" arrested="" was,="" or="" was="" scheduled="" to="" be,="" a="" passenger,="" or="" which="" screened="" that="" individual,="" as="" appropriate.="" (d)="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103="" (a)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" make,="" and="" maintain="" for="" 180="" days,="" records="" of="" corrective="" action="" imposed="" on="" persons="" that="" fail="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 107.9="" and="" sec.="" 107.9="" and="" sec.="" 107.11="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" part.="" (e)="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" make="" and="" maintain="" any="" additional="" records="" required="" by="" the="" administrator,="" this="" part,="" and="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" including,="" but="" not="" limited="" to,="" the="" following="" recordkeeping="" requirements="" of="" this="" part:="" (1)="" sec.="" 107.5,="" airport="" security="" coordinator.="" (2)="" 107.207,="" employment="" verification.="" (3)="" sec.="" 107.211,="" training.="" (4)="" sec.="" 107.215,="" law="" enforcement="" personnel.="" subpart="" d--contingency="" measures="" sec.="" 107.301="" contingency="" plan.="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" a="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103(a)="" and="" (b)="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" adopt="" a="" contingency="" plan="" and="" shall:="" (a)="" implement="" its="" contingency="" plan="" when="" directed="" by="" the="" administrator.="" (b)="" conduct="" reviews="" and="" exercises="" of="" its="" contingency="" plan="" with="" all="" air="" carriers="" and="" foreign="" air="" carriers="" and="" all="" persons="" having="" responsibilities="" under="" the="" plan="" to="" ensure="" that="" all="" parties="" involved="" know="" their="" responsibilities="" and="" that="" all="" information="" contained="" in="" the="" plan="" is="" current.="" sec.="" 107.303="" security="" directives="" and="" information="" circulars.="" (a)="" when="" a="" threat="" against="" civil="" aviation="" becomes="" known,="" the="" assistant="" administrator="" may="" issue="" an="" information="" circular="" to="" notify="" airport="" operators="" of="" the="" general="" situation="" or="" a="" security="" directive="" setting="" forth="" mandatory="" countermeasures="" to="" an="" assessed="" threat.="" (b)="" each="" airport="" operator="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" shall="" comply="" with="" each="" security="" directive="" issued="" to="" the="" airport="" operator="" by="" the="" administrator,="" within="" the="" time="" prescribed="" in="" the="" security="" directive="" for="" compliance.="" (c)="" each="" airport="" operator="" that="" receives="" a="" security="" directive="" shall--="" (1)="" immediately="" upon="" receipt="" from="" the="" faa,="" or="" within="" the="" time="" prescribed="" in="" the="" security="" directive,="" verbally="" acknowledge="" receipt="" of="" the="" security="" directive="" to="" the="" faa,="" followed="" by="" written="" acknowledgment="" of="" receipt="" within="" 24="" hours;="" (2)="" not="" later="" than="" 72="" hours="" after="" delivery="" by="" the="" faa,="" or="" within="" the="" time="" prescribed="" in="" the="" security="" directive,="" specify="" the="" method="" by="" which="" the="" measures="" in="" the="" security="" directive="" have="" been="" implemented="" (or="" will="" be="" implemented,="" if="" the="" security="" directive="" is="" not="" yet="" effective)="" by="" providing="" the="" faa="" a="" copy="" of="" the="" written="" measures="" and="" implementation="" procedures;="" and="" (3)="" ensure="" that="" information="" regarding="" the="" security="" directive="" and="" measures="" implemented="" in="" response="" to="" the="" security="" directive="" are="" distributed="" to="" specified="" personnel,="" as="" prescribed="" in="" the="" security="" directive,="" and="" to="" other="" personnel="" with="" an="" operational="" need="" to="" know.="" (d)="" in="" the="" event="" that="" the="" airport="" operator="" is="" unable="" to="" implement="" paragraph="" (b)(2)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" airport="" operator="" shall="" submit,="" within="" 72="" hours="" after="" receipt="" of="" the="" security="" directive,="" proposed="" alternative="" measures="" and="" the="" basis="" for="" submitting="" the="" alternative="" measures="" to="" the="" administrator="" for="" approval.="" within="" 48="" hours="" after="" receiving="" the="" airport="" operator's="" proposed="" alternative="" measures,="" the="" administrator="" either="" approves="" the="" proposed="" alternative="" countermeasures="" or="" notifies="" the="" airport="" operator="" to="" modify="" the="" alternative="" countermeasures="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" the="" security="" directive.="" the="" airport="" operator="" shall="" implement="" any="" alternative="" measures="" approved="" by="" the="" administrator="" within="" 72="" hours="" of="" receipt="" of="" notification="" of="" the="" administrator's="" determination.="" (e)="" each="" airport="" operator="" that="" receives="" a="" security="" directive="" or="" information="" circular="" and="" each="" person="" who="" receives="" information="" from="" a="" security="" directive="" or="" information="" circular="" shall:="" (1)="" restrict="" the="" availability="" of="" the="" security="" directive="" or="" information="" circular,="" and="" information="" contained="" in="" either="" document,="" to="" those="" persons="" with="" an="" operational="" need="" to="" know.="" (2)="" refuse="" to="" release="" the="" security="" directive="" or="" information="" circular,="" and="" information="" contained="" in="" either="" document,="" to="" persons="" other="" than="" those="" who="" have="" an="" operational="" need-to-know="" without="" the="" prior="" written="" consent="" of="" the="" administrator.="" (f)="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator,="" or="" an="" individual="" designated="" by="" the="" airport="" operator,="" may="" receive="" classified="" information="" related="" to="" national="" security="" if="" the="" airport="" security="" coordinator,="" or="" designee,="" has="" applied="" to="" the="" administrator="" and="" received="" the="" appropriate="" security="" clearances.="" sec.="" 107.305="" public="" advisories.="" when="" advised="" by="" the="" administrator,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" prominently="" display="" and="" maintain="" in="" public="" areas="" information="" concerning="" foreign="" airports="" that,="" in="" the="" judgment="" of="" the="" secretary="" of="" transportation,="" do="" not="" maintain="" and="" administer="" effective="" security="" measures.="" such="" information="" shall="" be="" posted="" in="" the="" manner="" and="" for="" the="" timeframe="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program.="" sec.="" 107.307="" incident="" management.="" (a)="" as="" described="" in="" the="" airport="" security="" program,="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" establish="" procedures="" to="" evaluate="" the="" [[page="" 41792]]="" appropriate="" response="" to="" threats="" of="" sabotage,="" aircraft="" piracy,="" and="" other="" unlawful="" interference="" to="" civil="" aviation="" operations,="" including="" bomb="" threats.="" (b)="" immediately="" upon="" receipt="" of="" a="" threat="" of="" any="" of="" the="" incidents="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (a),="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall--="" (1)="" evaluate="" the="" threat="" in="" accordance="" with="" its="" airport="" security="" program;="" (2)="" initiate="" appropriate="" action="" as="" specified="" in="" the="" airport="" emergency="" plan="" under="" sec.="" 139.325="" of="" this="" chapter;="" and="" (3)="" immediately="" notify="" the="" administrator="" of="" acts,="" or="" suspected="" acts,="" of="" unlawful="" interference="" to="" civil="" aviation="" operations,="" including="" specific="" bomb="" threats="" to="" aircraft="" and="" airport="" facilities.="" (c)="" airport="" operators="" required="" to="" have="" an="" airport="" security="" program="" under="" sec.="" 107.103(c)="" of="" this="" part="" but="" not="" subject="" to="" part="" 139="" of="" this="" chapter,="" certification="" and="" operations:="" land="" airports="" serving="" certain="" air="" carriers,="" shall="" develop="" emergency="" response="" procedures="" to="" incidents="" of="" threats="" identified="" in="" paragraph="" (a).="" (d)="" to="" ensure="" that="" all="" parties="" know="" their="" responsibilities="" and="" that="" all="" procedures="" are="" current,="" at="" least="" once="" every="" 12="" calendar="" months="" each="" airport="" operator="" shall="" review="" the="" procedures="" required="" in="" paragraphs="" (a)="" and="" (b)="" with="" all="" persons="" having="" responsibilities="" for="" such="" procedures.="" part="" 139--certification="" and="" operations:="" land="" airports="" serving="" certain="" air="" carriers="" 2.="" the="" authority="" citation="" for="" part="" 139="" continues="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" authority:="" 49="" u.s.c.="" 106(g),="" 40113,="" 44701-44706,="" 44709,="" 44719.="" 3.="" section="" 139.325="" is="" amended="" by="" redesignating="" paragraph="" (h)="" as="" new="" paragraph="" (j)="" and="" adding="" new="" paragraphs="" (h)="" and="" (i)="" to="" read="" as="" follows:="" sec.="" 139.325="" airport="" emergency="" plan.="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" (h)="" each="" airport="" subject="" to="" part="" 107,="" airport="" security,="" shall="" ensure="" that="" instructions="" for="" response="" to="" paragraphs="" (b)(2)="" and="" (b)(6)="" of="" this="" section="" in="" the="" airport="" emergency="" plan="" are="" consistent="" with="" its="" approved="" airport="" security="" program.="" (i)="" faa="" advisory="" circulars="" in="" the="" 150="" series="" contain="" standards="" and="" procedures="" for="" the="" development="" of="" an="" airport="" emergency="" plan="" which="" are="" acceptable="" to="" the="" administrator.="" *="" *="" *="" *="" *="" issued="" in="" washington,="" dc,="" on="" july="" 21,="" 1997.="" anthony="" fainberg,="" director,="" office="" of="" civil="" aviation="" security="" policy="" and="" planning.="" [fr="" doc.="" 97-19698="" filed="" 7-31-97;="" 8:45="" am]="" billing="" code="" 4910-13-m="">

Document Information

Published:
08/01/1997
Department:
Federal Aviation Administration
Entry Type:
Proposed Rule
Action:
Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
Document Number:
97-19698
Dates:
Comments must be submitted on or before December 1, 1997.
Pages:
41760-41792 (33 pages)
Docket Numbers:
Docket No. 28979, Notice No. 97-13
RINs:
2120-AD46: Revision of Part 107, Airport Security
RIN Links:
https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2120-AD46/revision-of-part-107-airport-security
PDF File:
97-19698.pdf
CFR: (97)
14 CFR 107.211)
14 CFR 107.217)
14 CFR 107.301)
14 CFR 107.305)
14 CFR 107.107)
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