[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 155 (Thursday, August 12, 1999)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 43946-43948]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-20859]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR part 25
[Docket No. NM160, Notice No. 25-99-07-SC]
Special Conditions: Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/
-F5 Airplanes; High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of proposed special conditions.
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SUMMARY: This notice proposes special conditions for the Dassault
Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes as modified by
Garrett Aviation Services. The Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes are
equipped with a high-technology digital avionics system that performs
critical functions. The applicable type certification regulations do
not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the protection
of this system from the effects of high-intensity radiated fields
(HIRF). These special conditions provide the additional safety
standards that the Administrator considers necessary to ensure that the
critical functions that this system performs are maintained when the
airplane is exposed to HIRF.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before September 13, 1999.
ADDRESSES: Comments on this proposal may be mailed in duplicate to:
Federal Aviation Administration, Transport Airplane Directorate,
Attention: Rules Docket (ANM-114), Docket No. NM160, 1601 Lind Avenue
SW., Renton, Washington, 98055-4056; or delivered in duplicate to the
Transport Airplane Directorate at the above address. Comments must be
marked: Docket No. NM160. Comments may be inspected in the Rules Docket
weekdays, except Federal holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Connie Beane, FAA, Transport Airplane
Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, Standardization Branch,
ANM-113, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington, 98055-4056;
telephone (425) 227-2796; facsimile (425) 227-1149.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
Interested persons are invited to participate in the making of
these proposed special conditions by submitting such written data,
views, or arguments, as they may desire. Communications should identify
the regulatory docket or notice number and be submitted in duplicate to
the address specified above. All communications received on or before
the closing date for comments will be considered by the Administrator.
The proposals described in this notice may be changed in light of the
comments received. All comments received will be available in the Rules
Docket for examination by interested persons, both before and after the
closing date for comments. A report summarizing each substantive public
contact with FAA personnel concerning this rulemaking will be filed in
the docket. Persons wishing the FAA to acknowledge receipt of their
comments submitted in response to this notice must include with those
comments a self-addressed, stamped postcard on which the following
statement is made: ``Comments to Docket No. NM160.'' The postcard will
be date stamped and returned to the commenter.
Background
On November 8, 1998, Garrett Aviation Services applied for a
supplemental type certificate (STC) to modify Dassault Aviation Falcon
Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes listed on Type Certificate A7EU.
The Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 series of low wing airplanes are
pressurized
[[Page 43947]]
airplanes with twin, Garrett TRE731-5AR turbofans that are configured
for 8-10 passengers and a crew of 2. The airplane has a maximum takeoff
weight of 29,000 pounds, a maximum landing weight of 27,734 pounds, and
a range of 1600 nautical miles. The overall length of the Falcon Model
20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes is 56 feet 3 inches, and the wing span is
53 feet, 6 inches.
The modification incorporates the installation of flat panel
displays for display of critical flight parameters (altitude, airspeed,
and attitude) to the crew. These displays can be susceptible to
disruption to both command/response signals as a result of electrical
and magnetic interference. This disruption of signals could result in
loss of all critical flight displays and annunciations or present
misleading information to the pilot.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101, Garrett Aviation Services
must show that the Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5
airplanes, as changed, continue to meet the applicable provisions of
the regulations incorporated by reference in Type Certificate No. A7EU,
or the applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for
the change. The regulations incorporated by reference in the type
certificate are commonly referred to as the ``original type
certification basis.'' The regulations incorporated by reference in
Type Certificate No. A7EU are as follows:
The certification basis for the modified Dassault Aviation Falcon
Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes include CAR 4b effective December
1953, through Amendment 4b-12 and SR422B, as amended by type
certificate data sheet.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness
regulations (i.e., CAR 4b, as amended) do not contain adequate or
appropriate safety standards for the Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-
C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes because of a novel or unusual design feature,
special conditions are prescribed under the provisions of Sec. 21.16.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special
conditions, the Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 must comply with the fuel vent
and exhaust emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise
certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
Special conditions, as appropriate, are issued in accordance with
14 CFR 11.49, as required by Secs. 11.28 and 11.29(b), and become part
of the type certification basis in accordance with Sec. 21.101(b)(2).
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which
they are issued. Should Garrett Aviation Services apply for a
supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on the
same type certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design
feature, the special conditions would also apply to the other model
under the provisions of Sec. 21.101(a)(1).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The modified Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5
airplanes will incorporate the following new design feature: a new
electronic flat panel display system, which was not available at the
time of certification of these airplanes, that performs critical
functions. This system may be vulnerable to HIRF external to the
airplane.
Discussion
There is no specific regulation that addresses protection
requirements for electrical and electronic systems from HIRF. Increased
power levels from ground-based radio transmitters and the growing use
of sensitive electrical and electronic systems to command and control
airplanes have made it necessary to provide adequate protection.
To ensure that a level of safety is achieved equivalent to that
intended by the regulations incorporated by reference, special
conditions are needed for the Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/
-E5/-F5 airplanes, which require that new electrical and electronic
systems, such as the flat panel displays for display of critical flight
parameters (altitude, airspeed, and attitude) to the crew, that perform
critical functions be designed and installed to preclude component
damage and interruption of function due to both the direct and indirect
effects of HIRF.
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
With the trend toward increased power levels from ground-based
transmitters, plus the advent of space and satellite communications
coupled with electronic command and control of the airplane, the
immunity of critical digital avionics systems to HIRF must be
established.
It is not possible to precisely define the HIRF to which the
airplane will be exposed in service. There is also uncertainty
concerning the effectiveness of airframe shielding for HIRF.
Furthermore, coupling of electromagnetic energy to cockpit-installed
equipment through the cockpit window apertures is undefined. Based on
surveys and analysis of existing HIRF emitters, an adequate level of
protection exists when compliance with the HIRF protection special
condition is shown with either paragraph 1 or 2 below:
1. A minimum threat of 100 volts per meter peak electric field
strength from 10 KHz to 18 GHz.
a. The threat must be applied to the system elements and their
associated wiring harnesses without the benefit of airframe shielding.
b. Demonstration of this level of protection is established through
system tests and analysis.
2. A threat external to the airframe of the following field
strengths for the frequency ranges indicated.
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Frequency
Field Strength (volts per meter) -----------------
Peak Average
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10 kHz-100 kHz........................................ 50 50
100 kHz-500 kHz....................................... 50 50
500 kHz-2 MHz......................................... 50 50
2 MHz-30 MHz.......................................... 100 100
30 MHz-70 MHz......................................... 50 50
70 MHz-100 MHz........................................ 50 50
100 MHz-200 MHz....................................... 100 100
200 MHz-400 MHz....................................... 100 100
400 MHz-700 MHz....................................... 700 50
700 MHz-1 GHz......................................... 700 100
1 GHz-2 GHz........................................... 2000 200
2 GHz-4 GHz........................................... 3000 200
4 GHz-6 GHz........................................... 3000 200
6 GHz-8 GHz........................................... 1000 200
8 GHz-12 GHz.......................................... 3000 300
12 GHz-18 GHz......................................... 2000 200
18 GHz-40 GHz......................................... 600 200
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The field strengths are expressed in terms of peak root-mean-square
(rms) values.
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The threat levels identified above are the result of an FAA review
of existing studies on the subject of HIRF, in light of the ongoing
work of the Electromagnetic Effects Harmonization Working Group of the
Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee. In general, these standards are
less critical than the threat level that was previously used as the
basis for some earlier special conditions.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to
Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes modified by
Garrett Aviation Services. Should Garrett Aviation Services apply at a
later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other
model included on the same type certificate to incorporate the same
novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would apply
to that model as well under the provisions of Sec. 21.101(a)(1).
[[Page 43948]]
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features
on Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes modified
by Garrett Aviation Services. It is not a rule of general
applicability, and it affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA
for approval of these features on the airplane.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.
The Proposed Special Conditions
Accordingly, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) proposes the
following special conditions as part of the type certification basis
for Dassault Aviation Falcon Model 20-C5/-D5/-E5/-F5 airplanes modified
by Garrett Aviation Services.
1. Protection from Unwanted Effects of High-Intensity Radiated
Fields (HIRF). Each electrical and electronic system that performs
critical functions must be designed and installed to ensure that the
operation and operational capability of these systems to perform
critical functions are not adversely affected when the airplane is
exposed to high intensity radiated fields.
For the purpose of these special conditions, the following
definition applies:
Critical Functions. Functions whose failure would contribute to or
cause a failure condition that would prevent the continued safe flight
and landing of the airplane.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on July 29, 1999.
Donald L. Riggin,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service, ANM-100.
[FR Doc. 99-20859 Filed 8-11-99; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
