[Federal Register Volume 63, Number 164 (Tuesday, August 25, 1998)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 45350-45370]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 98-22579]
[[Page 45349]]
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Part IV
Department of the Interior
_______________________________________________________________________
Fish and Wildlife Service
_______________________________________________________________________
50 CFR Part 20
Migratory Bird Hunting; Proposed Frameworks for Late-Season Migratory
Bird Hunting Regulations; Proposed Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 164 / Tuesday, August 25, 1998 /
Proposed Rules
[[Page 45350]]
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 20
RIN 1018-AE93
Migratory Bird Hunting; Proposed Frameworks for Late-Season
Migratory Bird Hunting Regulations
AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.
ACTION: Proposed rule; Supplemental.
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SUMMARY: The Fish and Wildlife Service (hereinafter the Service) is
proposing to establish the 1998-99 late-season hunting regulations for
certain migratory game birds. The Service annually prescribes
frameworks, or outer limits, for dates and times when hunting may occur
and the number of birds that may be taken and possessed in late
seasons. These frameworks are necessary to allow State selections of
seasons and limits and to allow recreational harvest at levels
compatible with population and habitat conditions.
DATES: The comment period for proposed late-season frameworks will end
on September 7, 1998.
ADDRESSES: Comments should be mailed to Chief, Office of Migratory Bird
Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior,
ms 634-ARLSQ, 1849 C Street, NW., Washington, DC 20240. The public may
inspect comments during normal business hours in room 634, Arlington
Square Building, 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, Arlington, Virginia.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Paul R. Schmidt, Chief, Office of
Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (703) 358-
1714.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Regulations Schedule for 1998
On March 20, 1998, the Service published in the Federal Register
(63 FR 13748) a proposal to amend 50 CFR part 20. The proposal dealt
with the establishment of seasons, limits, and other regulations for
migratory game birds under Secs. 20.101 through 20.107, 20.109, and
20.110 of subpart K. On May 29, 1998, the Service published in the
Federal Register (63 FR 29518) a second document providing supplemental
proposals for early- and late-season migratory bird hunting regulations
frameworks and the proposed regulatory alternatives for the 1998-99
duck hunting season. The May 29 supplement also provided detailed
information on the 1998-99 regulatory schedule and announced the
Service Migratory Bird Regulations Committee and Flyway Council
meetings.
On June 25, 1998, the Service held a public hearing in Washington,
DC, as announced in the March 20 and May 29 Federal Register to review
the status of migratory shore and upland game birds. The Service
discussed hunting regulations for these species and for other early
seasons. On July 17, 1998, the Service published in the Federal
Register (63 FR 38700) a third document specifically dealing with
proposed early-season frameworks for the 1998-99 season. The July 17
supplement also established the final regulatory alternatives for the
1998-99 duck hunting season for all States except Alabama, Arkansas,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. On August 5, 1998, the
Service published in the Federal Register (63 FR 41926) a fourth
document dealing specifically with the final regulatory alternatives
for the 1998-99 duck hunting season for the States of Alabama,
Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee. The Service
will publish a rulemaking establishing final frameworks for early-
season migratory bird hunting regulations for the 1998-99 season in
late August.
On August 6, 1998, the Service held a public hearing in Washington,
DC, as announced in the March 20, May 29, and July 17 Federal Register,
to review the status of waterfowl. This document deals specifically
with proposed frameworks for the late-season migratory bird hunting
regulations. It will lead to final frameworks from which States may
select season dates, shooting hours, areas, and limits. The Service has
considered all pertinent comments received through August 6, 1998, in
developing this document. In addition, new proposals for certain late-
season regulations are provided for public comment. Comment periods are
specified above under DATES. The Service will publish final regulatory
frameworks for late-season migratory game bird hunting in the Federal
Register on or about September 25, 1998.
Presentations at Public Hearing
The Service presented a report on the status and harvest of
waterfowl. This report is briefly reviewed below as a matter of public
information, and is a summary of information contained in the ``Status
of Waterfowl and Fall Flight Forecast'' and the ``Preliminary Estimates
of Waterfowl Harvest and Hunter Activity in the United States During
the 1997 Hunting Season'' reports.
Most goose and swan populations in North America remain numerically
sound and the size of most fall flights will be similar to those of
last year. Nine of the 28 populations of geese and swans we report on
appear to have decreased since last year, 7 appear to have increased, 7
appear to have changed little, and no comparisons were possible for the
remaining 5. Spring estimates of several Canada goose populations that
nest near Hudson Bay declined this year; the declines may be at least
partly an artifact of survey timing. Forecasts for production of young
in 1998 varied regionally based largely on spring weather and habitat
conditions. Generally, spring phenology was earlier than normal in
northern Quebec and the Hudson Bay Lowlands, which should result in
greater-than-average rate of production for geese nesting there. In
most areas of the central and western Arctic, and along the west coast
of Alaska, average production is expected from nesting geese and swans.
In the interior of Alaska, a mild spring with minimal flooding should
lead to better-than-average production. Habitat conditions for nesting
geese deteriorated in much of southcentral Canada since last spring,
but they remained mostly favorable in eastern Canada and much of the
contiguous U.S.
The 1998 estimate of total ducks in the traditional survey area was
39.1 million birds, an 8% decrease (P < 0.01)="" from="" 1997="" but="" still="" 20%="" higher="" (p="">< 0.01)="" than="" the="" long-term="" average.="" the="" estimate="" for="" mallards="" (anas="" platyrhynchos)="" was="" 9.6="" million,="" a="" value="" similar="" (p="0.49)" to="" that="" of="" last="" year.="" abundances="" of="" green-winged="" teal="" (anas="" crecca),="" northern="" shovelers="" (a.="" clypeata),="" northern="" pintails="" (a.="" acuta),="" and="" scaup="" (aythya="" affinis="" and="" a.="" marila="" combined)="" decreased="" (p="">< 0.04)="" from="" levels="" observed="" in="" 1997.="" estimates="" for="" 7="" of="" the="" 10="" principal="" duck="" species="" were="" above="" (p=""> 0.04) their respective long-term
averages, but northern pintail and 2 scaup species (combined) remained
below their averages (P < 0.01).="" the="" number="" of="" ponds="" in="" may="" (4.6="" million)="" was="" 38%="" lower="" (p="">< 0.01)="" than="" last="" year,="" and="" 6%="" lower="" (p="0.06)" than="" the="" long-term="" average.="" in="" eastern="" areas="" of="" canada="" and="" the="" u.s.,="" the="" number="" of="" total="" ducks="" was="" similar="" (p="0.74)" to="" that="" of="" last="" year="" and="" to="" the="" 1995-97="" average="" (p="0.85)." habitats="" in="" the="" eastern="" survey="" area="" were="" somewhat="" drier="" than="" last="" year,="" but="" conditions="" remained="" favorable="" for="" waterfowl="" production.="" the="" preliminary="" estimate="" of="" the="" total-duck="" fall-flight="" index="" is="" 84="" million="" birds,="" compared="" to="" 92="" million="" last="" year.="" the="" fall="" flight="" is="" [[page="" 45351]]="" predicted="" to="" include="" 11.7="" million="" mallards,="" 18%="" lower="" (p="">< 0.01)="" than="" the="" estimate="" of="" 14.4="" million="" in="" 1997.="" during="" the="" 1997-98="" hunting="" season,="" both="" the="" number="" of="" duck="" stamps="" sold="" and="" participation="" by="" hunters="" increased="" for="" the="" fifth="" consecutive="" year.="" hunter="" participation="" differed="" among="" flyways,="" with="" the="" largest="" increases="" in="" recent="" years="" occurring="" in="" the="" mississippi="" and="" central="" flyways.="" in="" the="" atlantic="" and="" pacific="" flyways,="" hunters="" numbers="" have="" not="" increased="" appreciably="" in="" the="" last="" decade.="" overall,="" hunter="" numbers="" remain="" well="" below="" the="" highs="" observed="" during="" the="" early="" 1970s.="" the="" number="" of="" days="" that="" hunters="" participated="" in="" hunting="" increased="" in="" all="" flyways="" last="" year.="" in="" the="" mississippi="" and="" central="" flyways="" the="" number="" of="" hunter-days="" approached="" historical="" record="" highs.="" the="" seasonal="" success="" of="" hunters="" during="" the="" 1997-98="" hunting="" season="" was="" very="" similar="" to="" that="" of="" the="" previous="" hunting="" season.="" record="" hunter="" success="" occurred="" in="" the="" mississippi="" and="" central="" flyways.="" on="" the="" average,="" the="" hunters="" that="" participated="" in="" duck="" hunting="" the="" last="" few="" years="" have="" killed="" more="" ducks="" than="" did="" hunters="" historically.="" overall="" duck="" harvest="" increased="" 15%.="" the="" number="" of="" ducks="" harvested="" during="" the="" 1997-98="" hunting="" season="" was="" similar="" to="" the="" numbers="" that="" were="" harvested="" during="" the="" early="" 1970s.="" the="" increased="" harvest="" during="" the="" last="" few="" years="" is="" a="" reflection="" the="" more="" liberal="" hunting="" seasons="" offered="" and="" the="" increased="" duck="" abundance="" resulting="" from="" the="" improved="" water="" availability="" and="" habitat="" conditions="" that="" occurred="" in="" the="" prairie-="" pothole="" area.="" of="" the="" five="" species="" of="" ducks="" that="" are="" most="" important="" in="" the="" bag,="" in="" order="" of="" importance;="" the="" number="" of="" mallards="" harvested="" increased="" 11%;="" the="" number="" of="" green-winged="" teal="" increased="" 34%;="" the="" number="" of="" gadwall="" increased="" 6%;="" the="" number="" of="" wood="" ducks="" increased="" 18%;="" and="" the="" number="" of="" blue-winged="" teal="" was="" similar="" to="" the="" 1996-97="" harvest.="" the="" harvest="" of="" geese="" last="" year="" was="" similar="" to="" that="" of="" the="" previous="" year.="" steady="" increases="" in="" goose="" harvests="" over="" the="" last="" decade="" largely="" reflect="" the="" increased="" numbers="" of="" resident="" or="" giant="" canada="" geese,="" although="" increases="" in="" other="" populations="" of="" canada="" geese="" and="" other="" goose="" species,="" including="" snow="" geese,="" have="" occurred.="" the="" historical="" decline="" in="" goose="" harvest="" in="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" is="" a="" reflection="" of="" the="" poor="" status="" of="" the="" atlantic="" population="" of="" canada="" geese.="" in="" the="" united="" states,="" the="" number="" of="" canada="" geese="" harvested="" last="" year="" was="" similar="" to="" the="" 1996-97="" hunting="" season.="" snow="" goose="" harvest="" increased="" 6%="" from="" 1996-97.="" the="" number="" of="" young="" per="" adult="" in="" the="" harvest="" serves="" as="" an="" indicator="" of="" reproductive="" success.="" harvest="" age="" ratios="" of="" mallards="" increased="" from="" 1.06="" in="" 1996="" to="" 1.20="" in="" 1997.="" the="" age="" ratios="" of="" most="" ducks="" increased="" in="" 1997,="" suggesting="" improved="" production.="" a="" substantial="" increase="" from="" 0.86="" to="" 1.47="" was="" noted="" for="" the="" black="" duck.="" slight="" decreases="" were="" noted="" for="" redhead="" ducks="" and="" canvasbacks.="" age="" ratios="" of="" most="" goose="" populations="" were="" higher="" in="" 1997="" than="" in="" 1996,="" except="" ross',="" white-fronted="" geese,="" and="" pacific="" brant="" experienced="" decreased="" age="" ratios.="" review="" of="" comments="" received="" at="" public="" hearing="" one="" individual="" presented="" a="" statement="" at="" the="" august="" 6,="" 1998,="" public="" hearing.="" his="" comments="" are="" summarized="" below.="" mr.="" brad="" bales,="" oregon="" department="" of="" fish="" and="" wildlife,="" spoke="" on="" behalf="" of="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" council.="" he="" indicated="" that="" the="" council="" supported="" and="" appreciated="" the="" service's="" decision="" on="" the="" framework="" issue="" and="" was="" also="" in="" strong="" support="" of="" the="" proposed="" national="" flyway="" council="" review="" of="" this="" issue.="" additionally,="" he="" expressed="" the="" support="" of="" the="" states="" of="" washington="" and="" oregon="" as="" well="" as="" the="" council="" for="" the="" service's="" endorsement="" of="" the="" proposed="" changes="" in="" dark="" goose="" regulations="" in="" the="" dusky="" canada="" goose="" control="" zones.="" flyway="" council="" recommendations="" and="" written="" comments="" the="" preliminary="" proposed="" rulemaking,="" which="" appeared="" in="" the="" march="" 20="" federal="" register,="" opened="" the="" public-comment="" period="" for="" late-season="" migratory="" game="" bird="" hunting="" regulations.="" the="" service="" has="" received="" recommendations="" from="" all="" four="" flyway="" councils.="" late-season="" comments="" are="" summarized="" and="" discussed="" in="" the="" order="" used="" in="" the="" march="" 20="" federal="" register.="" only="" the="" numbered="" items="" pertaining="" to="" late="" seasons="" for="" which="" written="" comments="" were="" received="" are="" included.="" flyway="" council="" recommendations="" shown="" below="" include="" only="" those="" involving="" changes="" from="" the="" 1997-98="" late-season="" frameworks.="" for="" those="" topics="" where="" a="" council="" recommendation="" is="" not="" shown,="" the="" council="" supported="" continuing="" the="" same="" frameworks="" as="" in="" 1997-98.="" 1.="" ducks="" the="" categories="" used="" to="" discuss="" issues="" related="" to="" duck="" harvest="" management="" are="" as="" follows:="" (a)="" general="" harvest="" strategy,="" (b)="" framework="" dates,="" (c)="" season="" length,="" (d)="" closed="" seasons,="" (e)="" bag="" limits,="" (f)="" zones="" and="" split="" seasons,="" and="" (g)="" special="" seasons/species="" management.="" only="" those="" categories="" containing="" substantial="" recommendations="" are="" included="" below.="" a.="" general="" harvest="" strategy="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council,="" the="" upper-="" region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council,="" the="" central="" flyway="" council,="" and="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" adopting="" the="" ``liberal''="" alternative="" for="" the="" 1998-99="" duck="" hunting="" season.="" the="" lower-region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" adoption="" of="" the="" ``liberal''="" alternative="" with="" a="" modification="" of="" the="" framework="" closing="" date.="" specific="" details="" are="" discussed="" in="" b.="" framework="" dates.="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" or="" the="" adaptive="" harvest="" management="" working="" group="" consider:="" (1)="" the="" definition="" of="" the="" blank="" cells="" in="" the="" ahm="" matrix,="" (2)="" the="" utility="" of="" eliminating="" the="" ``very="" restrictive''="" regulations="" package,="" and="" (3)="" the="" utility="" of="" a="" constraint="" that="" the="" regulations="" package="" may="" change="" by="" no="" more="" than="" one="" level="" between="" consecutive="" hunting="" seasons.="" service="" response:="" in="" 1995,="" the="" service="" embraced="" the="" concept="" of="" adaptive="" resource="" management="" for="" regulating="" duck="" harvests="" in="" the="" united="" states.="" the="" adaptive="" approach="" explicitly="" recognizes="" that="" the="" consequences="" of="" hunting="" regulations="" cannot="" be="" predicted="" with="" certainty,="" and="" provides="" a="" framework="" for="" making="" objective="" decisions="" in="" the="" face="" of="" that="" uncertainty.="" moreover,="" adaptive="" harvest="" management="" (ahm)="" relies="" on="" the="" iterative="" cycle="" of="" monitoring,="" assessment,="" and="" decision-making="" to="" clarify="" relationships="" among="" hunting="" regulations,="" harvests,="" and="" waterfowl="" abundance.="" a="" critical="" need="" for="" the="" successful="" implementation="" of="" ahm="" is="" a="" set="" of="" regulatory="" alternatives="" that="" remain="" fixed="" for="" an="" extended="" period.="" when="" ahm="" was="" first="" implemented="" in="" 1995,="" three="" regulatory="" alternatives="" characterized="" as="" liberal,="" moderate,="" and="" restrictive="" were="" defined="" based="" on="" recent="" regulatory="" experience.="" the="" 1995="" regulatory="" alternatives="" also="" were="" considered="" for="" the="" 1996="" hunting="" season.="" in="" 1997,="" the="" regulatory="" alternatives="" were="" modified="" in="" response="" to="" requests="" from="" the="" flyway="" councils.="" changes="" included="" provisions="" for="" additional="" hunting="" opportunity="" under="" the="" moderate="" and="" liberal="" alternatives,="" as="" well="" as="" the="" addition="" of="" a="" very="" restrictive="" alternative.="" for="" the="" 1998-99="" season,="" no="" further="" changes="" in="" the="" set="" of="" regulatory="" alternatives="" have="" been="" made.="" to="" date,="" ahm="" has="" focused="" primarily="" on="" midcontinent="" mallards,="" but="" progress="" [[page="" 45352]]="" is="" being="" made="" on="" extending="" the="" process="" to="" account="" for="" mallards="" breeding="" eastward="" and="" westward="" of="" the="" midcontinent="" region.="" the="" ultimate="" goal="" is="" to="" develop="" flyway-specific="" harvest="" strategies,="" which="" represent="" an="" average="" of="" optimal="" strategies="" for="" each="" mallard="" breeding="" population,="" weighted="" by="" the="" relative="" contribution="" of="" each="" population="" to="" the="" respective="" flyways.="" geographic="" boundaries="" used="" to="" define="" midcontinent="" and="" eastern="" mallards="" have="" been="" established,="" and="" mathematical="" models="" of="" population="" dynamics="" are="" available="" for="" predicting="" regulatory="" impacts.="" investigations="" regarding="" the="" geographic="" bounds="" and="" population="" dynamics="" of="" western="" mallards="" are="" ongoing.="" ahm="" strategies="" for="" 1998="" were="" derived="" for="" midcontinent="" and="" eastern="" mallards,="" but="" they="" do="" not="" yet="" allow="" for="" flyway-specific="" regulatory="" choices.="" the="" strategy="" for="" midcontinent="" mallards="" was="" based="" on:="" (1)="" an="" objective="" to="" maximize="" long-term="" harvest="" and="" achieve="" a="" population="" goal="" of="" 8.7="" million;="" (2)="" the="" regulatory="" alternatives="" for="" 1998;="" and="" (3)="" current="" understanding="" of="" regulatory="" impacts.="" based="" on="" a="" breeding="" population="" size="" of="" 10.6="" million="" mallards="" (traditional="" surveyed="" area="" plus="" the="" lake="" states)="" and="" 2.5="" million="" ponds="" in="" prairie="" canada,="" the="" optimal="" regulatory="" choice="" for="" midcontinent="" mallards="" in="" 1998="" is="" the="" liberal="" alternative.="" the="" strategy="" for="" eastern="" mallards="" was="" based="" on:="" (1)="" an="" objective="" to="" maximize="" long-term="" harvest;="" (2)="" the="" regulatory="" alternatives="" for="" 1998;="" and="" (3)="" a="" ``working="" model''="" of="" population="" dynamics.="" based="" on="" a="" breeding="" population="" size="" of="" 1.0="" million="" mallards="" and="" spring="" precipitation="" of="" 11.6="" inches,="" the="" optimal="" regulatory="" choice="" for="" eastern="" mallards="" in="" 1998="" also="" is="" the="" liberal="" alternative.="" therefore,="" the="" service="" agrees="" with="" the="" flyway="" councils="" and="" is="" proposing="" the="" liberal="" alternative="" for="" the="" 1998="" duck="" hunting="" season.="" the="" framework="" closing="" date="" recommended="" by="" the="" lower-region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" differed="" from="" those="" in="" the="" ``liberal''="" alternative="" established="" in="" the="" august="" 5="" federal="" register.="" the="" service's="" proposal="" is="" consistent="" with="" the="" ``liberal''="" alternative="" outlined="" in="" the="" july="" 17="" and="" august="" 5="" federal="" registers="" and="" was="" supported="" by="" the="" other="" three="" flyway="" councils="" as="" well="" as="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council's="" upper-region="" regulations="" committee.="" the="" service="" understands="" the="" desire="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" to="" clarify="" some="" aspects="" of="" the="" current="" ahm="" strategies.="" the="" ``blank="" cells="" in="" the="" ahm="" matrix''="" represent="" combinations="" of="" mallard="" population="" size="" and="" environmental="" conditions="" that="" are="" insufficient="" for="" an="" open="" season="" on="" mallards,="" given="" current="" regulatory="" alternatives.="" in="" the="" case="" of="" midcontinent="" mallards,="" the="" prescriptions="" for="" closed="" seasons="" largely="" are="" a="" result="" of="" the="" harvest="" management="" objective,="" which="" emphasizes="" population="" growth="" at="" the="" expense="" of="" hunting="" opportunity="" when="" mallard="" numbers="" are="" below="" the="" nawmp="" goal.="" the="" service="" will="" request="" the="" ahm="" working="" group="" to="" investigate="" the="" implications="" of="" eliminating="" the="" very="" restrictive="" option,="" and="" of="" constraining="" annual="" changes="" among="" alternatives.="" b.="" framework="" dates="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" not="" allow="" framework="" date="" extensions="" in="" any="" states="" during="" the="" 1998-99="" season,="" and="" that="" the="" service="" work="" with="" the="" national="" flyway="" council="" to="" develop="" a="" process="" and="" timetable="" for="" addressing="" the="" issue.="" the="" lower-region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" framework="" dates="" from="" october="" 3="" to="" january="" 31.="" any="" state="" opting="" for="" a="" framework="" closure="" later="" than="" the="" sunday="" nearest="" january="" 20="" would="" be="" assessed="" a="" 10%="" penalty="" in="" days.="" service="" response:="" in="" the="" august="" 5="" federal="" register,="" the="" service="" outlined="" the="" reasons="" why="" it="" did="" not="" support="" an="" expansion="" of="" the="" framework="" dates="" at="" this="" time.="" f.="" zones="" and="" split="" seasons="" written="" comments:="" the="" ohio="" division="" of="" wildlife="" requested="" elimination="" of="" the="" pymatuning="" waterfowl="" hunting="" zone="" in="" ohio="" and="" incorporation="" of="" the="" affected="" area="" into="" the="" north="" zone="" beginning="" in="" the="" 1998-99="" season.="" service="" response:="" in="" the="" past,="" hunting="" seasons="" in="" that="" portion="" of="" ohio="" had="" to="" be="" the="" same="" as="" those="" selected="" for="" that="" portion="" of="" pennsylvania.="" beginning="" this="" year,="" the="" pymatuning="" area="" will="" no="" longer="" be="" included="" in="" the="" federal="" waterfowl="" hunting="" frameworks="" as="" a="" separate="" area,="" and="" will="" be="" considered="" part="" of="" ohio's="" north="" zone.="" g.="" special="" seasons/species="" management="" i.="" black="" ducks="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" individual="" atlantic="" flyway="" states="" achieve="" a="" 42="" percent="" reduction="" in="" their="" black="" duck="" harvest="" during="" the="" 1998-99="" season="" compared="" with="" the="" 1977-81="" base-line="" harvest.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" agrees="" with="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council's="" recommendation="" and="" acknowledges="" the="" council's="" concern="" for="" the="" population="" status="" of="" black="" ducks.="" black="" duck="" populations="" remain="" below="" the="" north="" american="" wildlife="" management="" plan="" goal="" and="" while="" the="" decline="" seems="" to="" have="" halted,="" little="" increase="" is="" evident.="" the="" service="" believes="" the="" harvest="" restrictions="" identified="" in="" the="" 1983="" environmental="" assessment="" should="" be="" maintained="" until="" a="" revised="" harvest="" strategy="" is="" developed.="" ii.="" canvasbacks="" the="" service="" continues="" to="" support="" the="" canvasback="" harvest="" strategy="" adopted="" in="" 1994.="" current="" population="" and="" habitat="" status="" suggest="" that="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 1="" canvasback="" during="" the="" 1998-99="" season="" will="" result="" in="" a="" harvest="" within="" levels="" allowed="" by="" the="" strategy.="" iii.="" pintails="" council="" recommendations:="" all="" four="" flyway="" councils="" recommended="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 1="" pintail="" in="" the="" 1998-99="" hunting="" season="" as="" prescribed="" by="" the="" interim="" pintail="" harvest="" strategy.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" recommendations.="" iv.="" scaup="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" a="" 4-bird="" daily="" bag="" limit="" for="" scaup="" in="" the="" atlantic="" flyway,="" and="" that="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" cooperate="" with="" the="" other="" flyway="" councils="" and="" the="" service="" to="" develop="" a="" conservation="" plan="" for="" scaup,="" to="" include="" a="" harvest="" management="" strategy.="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" cooperate="" with="" other="" flyway="" councils="" and="" the="" service="" to="" develop="" a="" harvest="" management="" strategy="" for="" scaup="" prior="" to="" the="" 1999-2000="" hunting="" season.="" the="" council="" believed="" that="" the="" strategy="" should="" address="" the="" criteria="" recommended="" by="" the="" service="" in="" the="" july="" 22,="" 1996="" federal="" register="" (61="" fr="" 37994)="" prior="" to="" changing="" species="" harvest="" management:="" (1)="" an="" assessment="" of="" how="" the="" population="" responds="" to="" harvest="" and="" environmental="" conditions;="" (2)="" criteria="" that="" prescribe="" when="" regulations="" should="" be="" changed;="" (3)="" the="" levels="" of="" changes="" in="" regulations="" that="" will="" be="" considered="" (e.g.,="" ranges="" of="" bag="" limits="" and="" season="" lengths);="" and="" (4)="" considerations="" for="" determining="" the="" efficacy="" of="" the="" harvest="" strategy.="" the="" council="" further="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" take="" the="" lead="" to="" coordinate="" strategy="" development.="" the="" council="" believed="" that="" this="" is="" the="" highest="" priority="" of="" the="" new="" species-specific="" management="" issues="" for="" consideration="" in="" developing="" 1999-2000="" duck="" hunting="" regulation="" packages.="" the="" central="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" no="" change="" in="" scaup="" regulations="" for="" the="" 1998-99="" hunting="" [[page="" 45353]]="" season="" and="" suggested="" that="" the="" service="" establish="" a="" study="" group="" of="" mbmo="" biologists="" and="" a="" representative="" from="" each="" of="" the="" four="" flyways="" to="" develop="" a="" draft="" scaup="" harvest="" management="" strategy="" prior="" to="" the="" spring="" 1999="" flyway="" technical="" committee="" meetings.="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" no="" internal="" bag="" restrictions="" on="" scaup="" in="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" for="" the="" 1998-99="" hunting="" season.="" further="" the="" council="" offered="" their="" assistance="" to="" a="" cooperative="" effort="" to="" investigate="" causes="" of="" the="" decline="" in="" scaup="" populations="" while="" noting="" the="" harvest="" in="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" was="" small="" relative="" to="" other="" flyways.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" supports="" the="" flyway="" councils'="" recommendations="" for="" scaup="" hunting="" regulations.="" however,="" the="" service="" remains="" concerned="" about="" the="" declining="" trend="" in="" the="" size="" of="" the="" scaup="" breeding="" population="" and="" believes="" that="" substantial="" reductions="" in="" hunting="" opportunity="" may="" soon="" be="" necessary.="" the="" service="" intends="" to="" cooperate="" with="" the="" flyway="" councils="" in="" an="" effort="" to="" develop="" a="" strategy="" for="" guiding="" scaup="" hunting="" regulations="" beginning="" in="" 1999.="" this="" strategy="" will="" build="" upon="" findings="" of="" a="" status="" report="" on="" scaup="" that="" the="" service="" currently="" is="" preparing.="" 4.="" canada="" geese="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" the="" service="" not="" open="" the="" regular="" hunting="" season="" on="" atlantic="" population="" (ap)="" canada="" geese="" during="" the="" 1998-99="" season.="" however,="" the="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" adopt="" a="" regular="" season="" on="" the="" newly="" defined="" north="" atlantic="" population="" of="" canada="" geese.="" the="" new="" regular="" season="" would="" be="" offered="" in="" maine,="" new="" hampshire,="" rhode="" island,="" and="" portions="" of="" massachusetts="" (coastal="" and="" central="" zones),="" connecticut="" (except="" for="" hartford="" and="" litchfield="" counties="" west="" of="" the="" connecticut="" river),="" and="" new="" york="" (long="" island="" zone)="" and="" would="" consist="" of="" a="" 40-day="" season="" with="" a="" 2-bird="" daily="" bag="" limit="" between="" october="" 1="" and="" december="" 15="" (december="" 31="" in="" new="" york's="" long="" island="" zone).="" the="" council="" also="" recommended="" that="" new="" york="" be="" permitted="" to="" change="" the="" boundary="" of="" their="" regular="" canada="" goose="" season="" in="" western="" new="" york="" (portions="" of="" genesee,="" niagara,="" and="" wyoming="" counties).="" the="" upper-region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" 1998="" regular="" goose="" season="" opening="" date="" be="" as="" early="" as="" september="" 19="" throughout="" michigan.="" the="" committee="" also="" recommended="" several="" changes="" in="" canada="" goose="" quotas,="" season="" lengths,="" etc.,="" based="" on="" population="" status="" and="" population="" management="" plans="" and="" programs.="" the="" central="" flyway="" council="" made="" several="" recommendations="" on="" goose="" frameworks.="" in="" the="" east="" tier,="" the="" council="" recommended="" a="" canada="" goose="" (or="" any="" other="" goose="" species="" except="" light="" geese="" and="" white-fronted="" geese)="" season="" of="" 93="" days="" with="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 3.="" outside="" framework="" dates="" would="" be="" the="" saturday="" nearest="" october="" 1="" (oct.="" 3,="" 1998)="" and="" the="" sunday="" nearest="" february="" 15="" (feb.="" 14,="" 1999).="" the="" council="" further="" recommended="" that="" the="" boundary="" between="" nebraska's="" east="" and="" west="" units="" be="" modified="" and="" that="" southwest="" and="" northwest="" dark="" goose="" hunt="" units="" be="" established="" in="" nebraska.="" in="" the="" west="" tier,="" the="" council="" recommended="" dark="" goose="" outside="" framework="" dates="" of="" the="" saturday="" nearest="" october="" 1="" (october="" 3,="" 1998)="" and="" the="" sunday="" nearest="" february="" 15="" (february="" 14,="" 1999),="" with="" a="" daily="" bag="" and="" possession="" limits="" of="" 4="" and="" 12,="" respectively.="" in="" the="" western="" goose="" zone="" of="" texas,="" the="" council="" recommended="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 4="" canada="" geese="" and="" 1="" white-fronted="" goose="" and="" a="" possession="" limit="" of="" 14,="" including="" no="" more="" than="" 12="" canada="" geese="" and="" 2="" white-fronted="" geese.="" the="" council="" further="" recommended="" an="" expansion="" of="" new="" mexico's="" middle="" rio="" grande="" valley="" dark="" goose="" zone="" to="" include="" valencia="" and="" the="" remainder="" of="" socorro="" counties.="" written="" comments:="" the="" michigan="" department="" of="" natural="" resources="" disagreed="" with="" the="" service's="" reduction="" in="" the="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" canada="" geese="" from="" 2="" birds="" to="" 1="" in="" the="" south="" zone="" during="" the="" last="" 2="" days="" of="" their="" proposed="" early-opening="" regular="" canada="" goose="" season,="" which="" would="" coincide="" with="" the="" first="" two="" days="" of="" the="" duck="" season,="" stating="" that="" this="" change="" is="" unnecessarily="" restrictive="" to="" hunters.="" the="" maryland="" wildlife="" advisory="" commission="" expressed="" concerns="" for="" the="" problem="" of="" crop="" losses="" on="" the="" state's="" eastern="" shore,="" caused="" by="" too="" many="" canada="" geese="" and="" the="" lack="" of="" a="" hunting="" season.="" also,="" they="" cite="" the="" lack="" of="" winter="" foods="" for="" geese="" since="" there="" is="" no="" longer="" an="" economic="" incentive="" to="" make="" food="" available.="" the="" commission="" recommended="" consideration="" of="" a="" hunting="" season="" on="" the="" atlantic="" population="" of="" canada="" geese="" as="" soon="" as="" the="" geese="" can="" withstand="" it="" biologically.="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" bag="" limit="" for="" dark="" geese="" be="" increased="" from="" 3="" to="" 4="" in="" the="" oregon="" and="" washington="" special="" goose="" management="" area="" for="" both="" the="" regular="" and="" special="" late="" seasons.="" the="" council="" also="" recommended="" that="" this="" limit="" include="" no="" internal="" restrictions="" on="" cackling="" canada="" geese.="" in="" addition,="" the="" council="" recommended="" that="" a="" portion="" of="" grays="" harbor="" county,="" washington,="" south="" of="" u.s.="" highway="" 12="" and="" east="" of="" u.s.="" highway="" 101,="" be="" added="" to="" the="" washington="" special="" goose="" management="" area.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" supports="" the="" atlantic="" flyway's="" request="" to="" adopt="" a="" regular="" season="" on="" the="" north="" atlantic="" population="" of="" canada="" geese="" in="" the="" areas="" described.="" monitoring="" and="" assessment="" programs="" specified="" in="" the="" newly="" developed="" interim="" management="" plan,="" 1998-2000,="" appear="" to="" be="" adequate="" to="" determine="" the="" status="" of="" this="" population="" and="" evaluate="" the="" impacts="" of="" hunting.="" breeding="" surveys="" in="" labrador="" indicate="" that="" this="" population="" currently="" exceeds="" the="" population="" goal="" stipulated="" in="" the="" management="" plan.="" the="" harvest="" strategy="" in="" the="" plan="" has="" targeted="" a="" range="" of="" harvest="" rates="" to="" be="" achieved="" under="" each="" regulatory="" alternative.="" the="" ``moderate''="" alternative="" recommended="" seems="" to="" be="" appropriate="" at="" this="" time.="" the="" service="" encourages="" further="" development="" of="" the="" management="" plan="" during="" the="" interim="" period="" to="" include="" the="" addition="" of="" portions="" of="" newfoundland="" and="" quebec="" in="" the="" breeding="" survey="" database="" and="" to="" expand="" the="" banding="" program="" beyond="" prince="" edward="" island="" to="" late-="" summer="" staging="" areas="" in="" newfoundland="" and="" labrador.="" this="" information="" will="" facilitate="" updating="" the="" population="" goal="" and="" improve="" harvest-rate="" estimates.="" the="" service="" appreciates="" the="" efforts="" of="" the="" council="" and="" its="" technical="" section="" to="" delineate="" and="" improve="" the="" management="" of="" this="" population.="" the="" service="" recognizes="" the="" problems="" related="" to="" a="" closed="" hunting="" season="" on="" the="" atlantic="" population="" but="" maintains="" that="" the="" recovery="" to="" acceptable="" numbers="" must="" be="" sustained="" into="" the="" future.="" the="" good="" production="" recorded="" on="" the="" breeding="" grounds="" in="" 1997="" and="" 1998="" will="" greatly="" speed="" the="" recovery="" and="" is="" encouraging="" news.="" a="" regular="" season="" harvest="" of="" ap="" canada="" geese="" will="" be="" considered="" when="" the="" breeding="" population="" index="" indicates="" a="" sustained="" recovery="" and="" exceeds="" 60,000="" pairs.="" until="" then,="" no="" additional="" harvest="" is="" prescribed="" in="" any="" or="" portions="" of="" its="" range="" that="" might="" slow="" or="" jeopardize="" its="" recovery="" to="" objective="" levels.="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" boundary="" modification="" to="" new="" york's="" regular="" canada="" goose="" season="" in="" the="" western="" hunt="" area.="" regarding="" the="" michigan="" proposal,="" the="" service="" believes="" that="" this="" change="" will="" assist="" in="" accomplishing="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council's="" harvest-management="" objectives="" for="" this="" hunting="" season="" to="" reduce="" the="" harvest="" of="" mississippi="" valley="" population="" canada="" geese="" and="" not="" increase="" the="" harvest="" of="" the="" southern="" [[page="" 45354]]="" james="" bay="" population.="" the="" season="" will="" still="" provide="" additional="" opportunity,="" with="" the="" earlier="" opening="" and="" retention="" of="" the="" 2-bird="" daily="" bag="" limit="" for="" most="" of="" the="" season,="" to="" harvest="" canada="" geese="" from="" the="" state's="" burgeoning="" resident="" goose="" populations.="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" central="" flyway's="" request="" for="" expansion="" of="" canada="" goose="" seasons="" in="" the="" east="" tier.="" however,="" this="" expansion="" would="" include="" a="" liberalization="" for="" eastern="" prairie="" population="" (epp)="" of="" canada="" geese="" in="" a="" small="" portion="" of="" grant="" county,="" south="" dakota.="" the="" service="" believes="" that="" restrictions="" for="" epp="" that="" have="" been="" put="" into="" effect="" this="" year="" in="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" should="" also="" apply="" to="" this="" area.="" historically,="" this="" area="" accounted="" for="" about="" 5%="" of="" the="" epp="" recoveries,="" but="" has="" declined="" to="" 1.5%="" in="" recent="" years.="" neck-collar="" observations="" also="" indicate="" that="" the="" majority="" of="" epp="" geese="" do="" not="" use="" this="" area="" until="" after="" december="" 1.="" to="" address="" the="" status="" of="" these="" epp="" geese,="" the="" service="" proposes="" a="" bag="" limit="" of="" 3="" birds="" until="" november="" 30,="" and="" 1="" bird="" thereafter="" for="" this="" area="" (power="" plant="" area)="" in="" grant="" county,="" south="" dakota.="" this="" would="" be="" a="" reduction="" from="" the="" 2-bird="" daily="" bag="" limit="" last="" year.="" regarding="" the="" central="" flyway="" council's="" recommendation="" for="" a="" boundary="" modification="" in="" nebraska,="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" recommendation.="" regarding="" the="" central="" flyway="" council's="" recommendations="" in="" the="" west="" tier,="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" recommendation="" for="" a="" change="" in="" the="" framework="" closing="" date="" for="" dark="" geese="" from="" january="" 31="" to="" the="" sunday="" nearest="" february="" 15;="" however,="" the="" service="" does="" not="" support="" the="" change="" in="" the="" possession="" limit="" from="" twice="" to="" three="" times="" the="" daily="" bag="" limit.="" the="" service="" maintains="" a="" general="" practice="" of="" setting="" possession="" limits="" for="" all="" migratory="" game="" birds="" as="" twice="" the="" daily="" bag="" limit="" throughout="" the="" conterminous="" u.s.,="" with="" the="" only="" exceptions="" for="" light="" geese="" and="" under="" certain="" circumstances="" for="" canada="" geese,="" where="" harvest="" quotas="" are="" in="" place.="" attempts="" to="" encourage="" hunter="" participation="" by="" increasing="" possession="" limits="" have="" not="" been="" shown="" to="" be="" effective="" and="" changes="" in="" the="" general="" approach="" of="" altering="" possession="" limits="" would="" result="" in="" law="" enforcement="" concerns.="" the="" service="" does="" support="" the="" expansion="" of="" new="" mexico's="" middle="" rio="" grande="" valley="" dark="" goose="" zone.="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" pacific="" flyway="" council="" recommendations.="" c.="" late="" seasons="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" lower-region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" work="" closely="" with="" the="" council's="" technical="" section="" in="" evaluating="" the="" cumulative="" effects="" that="" special="" seasons="" may="" have="" on="" non-target="" populations.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" concurs="" and="" will="" work="" with="" the="" council's="" technical="" section="" to="" assess="" the="" cumulative="" effects="" of="" special="" seasons.="" 5.="" white-fronted="" geese="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" central="" flyway="" council="" recommendations="" regarding="" dark="" geese="" in="" the="" west="" tier="" involve="" white-fronted="" geese="" (see="" item="" 4.="" canada="" geese).="" for="" the="" east="" tier,="" the="" council="" recommended="" a="" season="" of="" 72="" days,="" with="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 2="" white-fronted="" geese="" or="" a="" season="" of="" 86="" days="" with="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 1="" white-fronted="" goose.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" recommendation.="" 7.="" snow="" and="" ross'="" geese="" council="" recommendations:="" the="" atlantic="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" an="" increase="" in="" the="" daily="" bag="" limit="" to="" 15,="" a="" possession="" limit="" of="" 45,="" and="" allowing="" shooting="" one-half="" hour="" after="" sunset="" and="" the="" use="" of="" electronic="" calling="" devices="" when="" other="" seasons="" are="" closed.="" the="" council="" requests="" that="" these="" changes="" in="" basic="" regulations="" be="" implemented="" as="" soon="" as="" legally="" possible.="" the="" upper-region="" regulations="" committee="" of="" the="" mississippi="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" liberalization="" of="" daily="" bag="" limits,="" possession="" limits,="" tagging="" requirements,="" shooting="" hours,="" and="" hunting="" methods="" (electronic="" calls="" and="" unplugged="" guns)="" for="" light="" geese,="" following="" the="" close="" of="" the="" other="" waterfowl="" seasons="" in="" an="" area="" to="" help="" reduce="" the="" population="" size="" of="" snow="" geese.="" the="" central="" flyway="" council="" recommended="" a="" light="" goose="" hunting="" season="" of="" 107="" days,="" with="" a="" daily="" bag="" limit="" of="" 20="" and="" a="" possession="" limit="" of="" 80.="" the="" council="" also="" recommended="" no="" limit="" on="" the="" number="" of="" splits="" or="" zones="" within="" a="" season.="" for="" the="" rainwater="" basin="" area="" of="" nebraska,="" the="" council="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" eliminate="" the="" use="" of="" refuges="" and="" alternate-day="" hunting="" for="" snow="" geese="" during="" the="" spring="" migration="" period.="" the="" council="" further="" recommended="" that="" the="" service="" develop="" a="" proposed="" rule="" to="" amend="" the="" portions="" of="" 50="" cfr="" part="" 20="" pertaining="" to="" the="" methods="" of="" taking="" light="" geese.="" this="" proposal="" would="" include="" the="" use="" of="" electronic="" calls,="" live="" decoys="" and="" other="" techniques="" in="" the="" central="" flyway="" states="" during="" regular="" hunting="" seasons="" when="" other="" seasons="" are="" closed="" and="" prior="" to="" march="" 10,="" with="" the="" goal="" of="" having="" those="" changes="" in="" place="" prior="" to="" the="" beginning="" of="" the="" 1999-2000="" light="" goose="" season.="" service="" response:="" the="" service="" concurs="" with="" the="" recommendation="" for="" a="" change="" in="" the="" daily="" bag="" limit="" for="" light="" geese="" from="" 10="" to="" 20;="" but="" does="" not="" support="" the="" recommended="" change="" in="" the="" possession="" limit="" from="" 40="" to="" 80.="" upon="" review,="" the="" service="" believes="" that="" possession="" limits="" for="" light="" geese="" are="" no="" longer="" a="" useful="" management="" tool="" and="" proposes="" to="" eliminate="" the="" possession="" limit.="" the="" service="" does="" not="" support="" the="" recommendation="" for="" use="" of="" unlimited="" splits="" during="" light="" goose="" seasons.="" in="" 1997,="" the="" service="" allowed="" an="" increase="" from="" 2="" to="" 3="" season="" segments="" for="" geese="" in="" all="" four="" flyways.="" this="" increase="" resulted="" in="" a="" more="" consistent="" use="" of="" split-="" season="" options="" among="" all="" flyways.="" in="" addition,="" within="" any="" established="" season,="" a="" state="" may="" also="" designate="" certain="" days="" as="" non-hunt="" days,="" if="" that="" hunt="" strategy="" is="" desired.="" the="" use="" of="" zoning="" for="" light="" geese="" remains="" a="" management="" tool="" that="" is="" currently="" not="" contained="" by="" specific="" guidelines="" for="" use="" by="" a="" state.="" the="" service="" believes="" that="" the="" current="" ability="" to="" divide="" a="" 107-day="" season="" into="" 3="" segments="" with="" the="" unlimited="" use="" of="" zones="" provides="" adequate="" flexibility="" for="" states="" to="" set="" seasons="" for="" light="" geese.="" the="" service="" does="" not="" support="" the="" central="" flyway="" council's="" proposal="" to="" eliminate="" the="" use="" of="" refuges="" and="" alternate="" day="" hunting="" for="" light="" geese="" during="" the="" spring="" migration="" period="" in="" nebraska's="" rainwater="" basin="" area.="" the="" service="" continues="" to="" have="" concerns="" about="" potential="" negative="" impacts="" on="" other="" migratory="" birds="" caused="" by="" light="" goose="" hunting="" during="" this="" period.="" the="" council's="" current="" proposal="" would="" result="" in="" a="" termination="" of="" the="" experimental="" late-winter="" hunting="" strategy="" and="" evaluation="" proposed="" by="" the="" council="" in="" 1997="" and="" supported="" by="" the="" service.="" the="" service="" supports="" continuation="" of="" the="" experimental="" approach="" initiated="" in="" february,="" 1998,="" in="" order="" to="" evaluate="" the="" impacts="" of="" snow="" goose="" hunting="" on="" northern="" pintails,="" white-fronted="" geese,="" and="" snow="" geese="" and="" to="" investigate="" the="" influence="" of="" hunting="" on="" the="" incidence="" of="" avian="" cholera.="" the="" service="" is="" prepared="" to="" cooperate="" with="" the="" nebraska="" game="" and="" parks="" commission="" to="" develop="" a="" mutually="" acceptable,="" multi-year="" experimental="" approach="" to="" hunting="" snow="" geese="" in="" this="" internationally="" significant="" migration="" area.="" information="" gained="" from="" this="" experiment="" is="" critical="" to="" the="" development="" of="" a="" strategy="" that="" will="" contribute="" to="" reducing="" the="" abundance="" of="" the="" mid-continent="" snow="" goose="" population="" while="" minimizing="" the="" negative="" impacts="" to="" other="" migratory="" birds="" of="" concern.="" the="" council's="" current="" [[page="" 45355]]="" proposal="" contains="" no="" evaluation="" component="" and="" could="" concentrate="" birds="" even="" more="" than="" the="" experimental="" approach,="" contrary="" to="" the="" council's="" and="" service's="" objective="" of="" reducing="" snow="" goose="" concentrations="" in="" the="" area.="" further,="" the="" service="" does="" not="" support="" the="" recommendation="" to="" hunt="" snow="" geese="" after="" sunset="" because="" of="" the="" problems="" involving="" incidental="" take="" of="" non-target="" species,="" retrieving="" crippled="" or="" downed="" birds,="" disturbance="" to="" roosting="" sites="" for="" other="" waterfowl,="" and="" potential="" safety="" problems="" created="" by="" the="" increasing="" darkness.="" the="" service="" acknowledges="" the="" councils'="" requests="" that="" would="" require="" a="" change="" in="" the="" basic="" regulation="" contained="" in="" the="" 50="" code="" of="" federal="" regulations="" part="" 20.="" such="" changes="" are="" beyond="" the="" scope="" of="" annual="" regulation="" changes="" addressed="" in="" this="" document.="" in="" the="" coming="" year,="" the="" service="" will="" consider="" this="" request="" and="" will="" explore="" opportunities="" to="" initiate="" a="" process="" to="" evaluate="" changes="" in="" the="" basic="" regulations="" for="" the="" hunting="" of="" light="" geese="" when="" other="" seasons="" are="" closed,="" if="" staff="" time="" becomes="" available.="" public="" comment="" invited="" the="" service="" intends="" that="" adopted="" final="" rules="" be="" as="" responsive="" as="" possible="" to="" all="" concerned="" interests="" and="" wants="" to="" obtain="" the="" comments="" and="" suggestions="" from="" all="" interested="" parties,="" as="" well="" as="" other="" governmental="" agencies.="" such="" comments,="" and="" any="" additional="" information="" received,="" may="" lead="" to="" final="" regulations="" that="" differ="" from="" these="" proposals.="" however,="" special="" circumstances="" involved="" in="" the="" establishment="" of="" these="" regulations="" limit="" the="" amount="" of="" time="" the="" service="" can="" allow="" for="" public="" comment.="" specifically,="" two="" considerations="" compress="" the="" time="" in="" which="" the="" rulemaking="" process="" must="" operate:="" (1)="" the="" need="" to="" establish="" final="" rules="" at="" a="" point="" early="" enough="" in="" the="" summer="" to="" allow="" affected="" state="" agencies="" to="" appropriately="" adjust="" their="" licensing="" and="" regulatory="" mechanisms;="" and="" (2)="" the="" unavailability,="" before="" mid-june,="" of="" specific,="" reliable="" data="" on="" this="" year's="" status="" of="" some="" waterfowl="" and="" migratory="" shore="" and="" upland="" game="" bird="" populations.="" therefore,="" the="" service="" believes="" allowing="" comment="" periods="" past="" the="" dates="" specified="" is="" contrary="" to="" public="" interest.="" e.o.="" 12866="" requires="" each="" agency="" to="" write="" regulations="" that="" are="" easy="" to="" understand.="" the="" service="" invites="" comments="" on="" how="" to="" make="" this="" rule="" easier="" to="" understand,="" including="" answers="" to="" questions="" such="" as="" the="" following:="" (1)="" are="" the="" requirements="" in="" the="" rule="" clearly="" stated?="" (2)="" does="" the="" rule="" contain="" technical="" language="" or="" jargon="" that="" interferes="" with="" its="" clarity?="" (3)="" does="" the="" format="" of="" the="" rule="" (grouping="" and="" order="" of="" sections,="" use="" of="" headings,="" paragraphing,="" etc.)="" aid="" or="" reduce="" its="" clarity?="" (4)="" would="" the="" rule="" be="" easier="" to="" understand="" if="" it="" were="" divided="" into="" more="" (but="" shorter)="" sections?="" (5)="" is="" the="" description="" of="" the="" rule="" in="" the="" supplementary="" information="" section="" of="" the="" preamble="" helpful="" in="" understanding="" the="" proposed="" rule?="" what="" else="" could="" the="" service="" do="" to="" make="" the="" rule="" easier="" to="" understand?="" send="" a="" copy="" of="" any="" comments="" that="" concern="" how="" this="" rule="" could="" be="" made="" easier="" to="" understand="" to:="" office="" of="" regulatory="" affairs,="" department="" of="" the="" interior,="" room="" 7229,="" 1849="" c="" street,="" n.w.,="" washington,="" d.c.="" 20240.="" comments="" may="" also="" be="" e-mailed="" to:="">xsec@ios.doi.gov.
Comment Procedure
It is the policy of the Department of the Interior to afford the
public an opportunity to participate in the rulemaking process,
whenever practical. Accordingly, interested persons may participate by
submitting written comments to the Chief, MBMO, at the address listed
under the caption ADDRESSES. The public may inspect comments during
normal business hours at the Service's office address listed under the
caption ADDRESSES. The Service will consider all relevant comments
received and will try to acknowledge received comments, but may not
provide an individual response to each commenter.
NEPA Consideration
NEPA considerations are covered by the programmatic document,
``Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement: Issuance of Annual
Regulations Permitting the Sport Hunting of Migratory Birds (FSES 88-
14),'' filed with EPA on June 9, 1988. The Service published a Notice
of Availability in the June 16, 1988, Federal Register (53 FR 22582).
The Service published its Record of Decision on August 18, 1988 (53 FR
31341). However, this programmatic document does not prescribe year-
specific regulations; those are developed annually. The annual
regulations and options are being considered in the Environmental
Assessment, ``Waterfowl Hunting Regulations for 1998.'' Copies of these
documents are available from the Service at the address indicated under
the caption ADDRESSES.
Endangered Species Act Considerations
As in the past, the Service will design hunting regulations to
remove or alleviate chances of conflict between migratory game bird
hunting seasons and the protection and conservation of endangered and
threatened species. Consultations are presently under way to ensure
that actions resulting from these regulatory proposals will not likely
jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species
or result in the destruction or adverse modification of their critical
habitat. Findings from these consultations will be included in a
biological opinion and may cause modification of some regulatory
measures proposed in this document. The final frameworks will reflect
any modifications. The Service's biological opinions resulting from its
Section 7 consultation are public documents and will be available for
public inspection in the Service's Division of Endangered Species and
MBMO, at the address indicated under the caption ADDRESSES.
Regulatory Flexibility Act
In the March 20, 1998, Federal Register, the Service reported
measures it took to comply with requirements of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act. One measure was to update the 1996 Small Entity
Flexibility Analysis (Analysis) documenting the significant beneficial
economic effect on a substantial number of small entities. The 1996
Analysis estimated that migratory bird hunters would spend between $254
and $592 million at small businesses. The Service has updated the 1996
Analysis with information from the 1996 National Hunting and Fishing
Survey. Nationwide, the Service now estimates that migratory bird
hunters will spend between $429 and $1,084 million at small businesses
in 1998. Copies of the 1998 Analysis are available from the Office of
Migratory Bird Management.
Executive Order (E.O.) 12866
This proposed rule is economically significant and will be reviewed
by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under E.O. 12866.
Paperwork Reduction Act
The Service examined these proposed regulations under the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995. The various recordkeeping and reporting
requirements imposed under regulations established in 50 CFR Part 20,
Subpart K, are utilized in the formulation of migratory game bird
hunting regulations. OMB has approved these information collection
requirements and assigned clearance number 1018-0015 (expires 08/31/
1998). The renewal clearance packet for this information collection was
submitted to OMB on July 22, 1998. The Service may not conduct or
sponsor, and a person is not
[[Page 45356]]
required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a
currently valid OMB control number.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Service has determined and certifies in compliance with the
requirements of the Unfunded Mandates Act, 2 U.S.C. 1502 et seq., that
this proposed rulemaking will not impose a cost of $100 million or more
in any given year on local or State government or private entities.
Civil Justice Reform--Executive Order 12988
The Department, in promulgating this proposed rule, has determined
that these regulations meet the applicable standards provided in
Sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of Executive Order 12988.
Takings Implication Assessment
In accordance with Executive Order 12630, these rules, authorized
by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, do not have significant takings
implications and do not affect any constitutionally protected property
rights. These rules will not result in the physical occupancy of
property, the physical invasion of property, or the regulatory taking
of any property. In fact, these rules allow hunters to exercise
privileges that would be otherwise unavailable; and, therefore, reduce
restrictions on the use of private and public property.
Federalism Effects
Due to the migratory nature of certain species of birds, the
Federal government has been given responsibility over these species by
the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. The Service annually prescribes
frameworks from which the States make selections and employs guidelines
to establish special regulations on Federal Indian reservations and
ceded lands. This process preserves the ability of the States and
Tribes to determine which seasons meet their individual needs. Any
State or Tribe may be more restrictive than the Federal frameworks at
any time. The frameworks are developed in a cooperative process with
the States and the Flyway Councils. This allows States to participate
in the development of frameworks from which they will make selections,
thereby having an influence on their own regulation. These rules do not
have a substantial direct effect on fiscal capacity, change the roles
or responsibilities of Federal or State governments, or intrude on
State policy or administration. Therefore, in accordance with Executive
Order 12612, these regulations do not have significant federalism
effects and do not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant
the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.
Government-to-Government Relationship with Tribes
In accordance with the President's memorandum of April 29, 1994,
``Government-to-Government Relations with Native American Tribal
Governments'' (59 FR 22951) and 512 DM 2, we have evaluated possible
effects on Federally recognized Indian tribes and have determined that
there are no effects.
List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 20
Exports, Hunting, Imports, Reporting and recordkeeping
requirements, Transportation, Wildlife.
The rules that eventually will be promulgated for the 1998-99
hunting season are authorized under 16 U.S.C. 703-712 and 16 U.S.C. 742
a-j.
Dated: August 18, 1998.
Stephen C. Saunders,
Acting Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks.
Proposed Regulations Frameworks for 1998-99 Late Hunting Seasons on
Certain Migratory Game Birds.
Pursuant to the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and delegated
authorities, the Department has approved frameworks for season lengths,
shooting hours, bag and possession limits, and outside dates within
which States may select seasons for hunting waterfowl and coots between
the dates of September 1, 1998, and March 10, 1999.
General
Dates: All outside dates noted below are inclusive.
Shooting and Hawking (taking by falconry) Hours: Unless otherwise
specified, from one-half hour before sunrise to sunset daily.
Possession Limits: Unless otherwise specified, possession limits
are twice the daily bag limit.
Flyways and Management Units
Waterfowl Flyways
Atlantic Flyway--includes Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia,
Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York,
North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont,
Virginia, and West Virginia.
Mississippi Flyway--includes Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri,
Ohio, Tennessee, and Wisconsin.
Central Flyway--includes Colorado (east of the Continental Divide),
Kansas, Montana (Counties of Blaine, Carbon, Fergus, Judith Basin,
Stillwater, Sweetgrass, Wheatland, and all counties east thereof),
Nebraska, New Mexico (east of the Continental Divide except the
Jicarilla Apache Indian Reservation), North Dakota, Oklahoma, South
Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming (east of the Continental Divide).
Pacific Flyway--includes Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho,
Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and those portions of Colorado,
Montana, New Mexico, and Wyoming not included in the Central Flyway.
Management Units
High Plains Mallard Management Unit--roughly defined as that
portion of the Central Flyway which lies west of the 100th meridian.
Definitions
For the purpose of hunting regulations listed below, the collective
terms ``dark'' and ``light'' geese include the following species:
Dark geese--Canada geese, white-fronted geese, brant, and all other
goose species except light geese.
Light geese--snow (including blue) geese and Ross' geese.
Area, Zone, and Unit Descriptions: Geographic descriptions related
to late-season regulations are contained in a later portion of this
document.
Area-Specific Provisions: Frameworks for open seasons, season
lengths, bag and possession limits, and other special provisions are
listed below by Flyway.
Compensatory Days in the Atlantic Flyway: In the Atlantic Flyway
States of Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia,
where Sunday hunting is prohibited statewide by State law, all Sundays
are closed to all take of migratory waterfowl (including mergansers and
coots).
Atlantic Flyway
Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots
Outside Dates: Between October 1 and January 20.
Hunting Seasons and Duck Limits: 60 days and daily bag limit of 6
ducks, including no more than 4 mallards (2 hens), 4 scaup, 1 black
duck, 1 pintail, 1 mottled duck, 1 fulvous whistling duck, 2 wood
ducks, 2 redheads, 1 canvasback, and 4 scoters.
Closures: The season on harlequin ducks is closed.
Sea Ducks: Within the special sea duck areas, during the regular
duck season in the Atlantic Flyway, States may choose to allow the
above sea duck
[[Page 45357]]
limits in addition to the limits applying to other ducks during the
regular duck season. In all other areas, sea ducks may be taken only
during the regular open season for ducks and are part of the regular
duck season daily bag (not to exceed 4 scoters) and possession limits.
Merganser Limits: The daily bag limit of mergansers is 5, only 1 of
which may be a hooded merganser.
Coot Limits: The daily bag limit is 15 coots.
Lake Champlain Zone, New York: The waterfowl seasons, limits, and
shooting hours shall be the same as those selected for the Lake
Champlain Zone of Vermont.
Zoning and Split Seasons: Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland,
North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia may split
their seasons into three segments; Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and West
Virginia may select hunting seasons by zones and may split their
seasons into two segments in each zone.
Canada Geese
Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and Limits: Specific regulations for
Canada geese are shown below by State. The Canada goose season is
suspended throughout a major portion of the Flyway except as noted.
Unless specified otherwise, seasons may be split into two segments.
Connecticut: Statewide, except for Hartford and Litchfield Counties
west of the Connecticut River, a 40-day season may be held between
October 1 and December 15 with a daily bag of 2. A special experimental
season may be held in the South Zone between January 15 and February
15, with 5 geese per day.
Florida: A 70-day season may be held between November 15 to
February 15, with 5 geese per day.
Georgia: In specific areas, a 70-day season may be held between
November 15 and February 15, with a limit of 5 Canada geese per day.
Maine: A 40-day season may be held Statewide between October 1 and
December 15 with a daily bag of 2.
Maryland: In designated areas, a 40-day season may be held between
November 15 to January 14, with 2 geese per day. An experimental season
in designated areas of western Maryland may be held from January 15 to
February 15, with 5 geese per day.
Massachusetts: In the Central Zone and a portion of the Coastal
Zone a 40-day season may be held between October 1 to December 15 with
a daily bag of 2, and a special season may be held from January 15 to
February 15, with 5 geese per day.
New Hampshire: A 40-day season may be held statewide between
October 1 and December 15 with a daily bag of 2.
New Jersey: An experimental season may be held in designated areas
of North and South New Jersey from January 15 to February 15, with 5
geese per day.
New York: In designated areas, a 70-day season may be held between
November 15 and January 30, with 2 geese per day. In the Long Island
Zone, a 40-day season may be held between October 1 and December 31
with a daily bag of 2. An experimental season may be held between
January 15 and February 15, with 5 geese daily in designated areas of
Chemung, Tioga, Broome, Sullivan, Westchester, Nassau, Suffolk, Orange,
Dutchess, Putnam, and Rockland Counties.
North Carolina: A 46-day season may be held between October 1 and
November 15, with 2 geese per day Statewide, except for the Northeast
Hunt Unit and Northampton County.
Pennsylvania: In designated areas, a 40-day season may be held
between November 15 to January 14, with 2 geese per day. In Erie,
Mercer, and Butler Counties, a 70-day season may be held between
October 1 and January 31, with 2 geese per day. In Crawford County, a
35-day season may be held between October 1 and January 20, with 1
goose per day. An experimental season may be held in the designated
areas of western Pennsylvania from January 15 to February 15 with 5
geese per day.
Rhode Island: A 40-day season may be held between October 1 and
December 15 with a daily bag of 2. An experimental season may be held
in a designated area from January 15 to February 15, with 5 geese per
day.
South Carolina: In designated areas, a 70-day season may be held
during November 15 to February 15, with a daily bag limit of 5 birds.
Virginia: In designated areas, a 40-day season may be held between
November 15 to January 14, with 2 geese per day. An experimental season
may be held between January 15 to February 15, with 5 geese per day, in
all areas west of Interstate 95.
West Virginia: a 70-day season may be held between October 1 and
January 31, with 3 geese per day.
Light Geese
Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and Limits: States may select a 107-
day season between October 1 and March 10, with 15 geese per day and no
possession limit. States may split their seasons into three segments.
Brant
Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and Limits: States may select a 50-
day season between October 1 and January 20, with 2 brant per day.
States may split their seasons into two segments.
Mississippi Flyway
Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots
Outside Dates: Between the Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3)
and the Sunday nearest January 20 (January 17).
Hunting Seasons and Duck Limits: 60 days with a daily bag limit of
6 ducks, including no more than 4 mallards (no more than 2 of which may
be females), 3 mottled ducks, 1 black duck, 1 pintail, 2 wood ducks, 1
canvasback, and 2 redheads.
Merganser Limits: The daily bag limit is 5, only 1 of which may be
a hooded merganser.
Coot Limits: The daily bag limit is 15 coots.
Zoning and Split Seasons: Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee,
and Wisconsin may select hunting seasons by zones.
In Alabama, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan,
Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee, and Wisconsin, the season may be split
into two segments in each zone.
In Minnesota and Arkansas, the season may be split into three
segments.
Geese
Split Seasons: Seasons for geese may be split into three segments.
Three-way split seasons for Canada geese require Mississippi Flyway
Council and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service approval, and a 3-year
evaluation, by each participating State.
Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and Limits: States may select
seasons for geese not to exceed 70 days for dark geese between the
Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3) and January 31, and 107 days for
light geese between the Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3) and
March 10. The daily bag limit is 20 light geese, 2 white-fronted geese,
and 2 brant. There is no possession limit for light geese. Specific
regulations for Canada geese and exceptions to the above general
provisions are shown below by State.
Alabama: In the Southern James Bay Population (SJBP) Goose Zone,
the season for Canada geese may not exceed 35 days. Elsewhere, the
season for Canada geese may extend for 70 days in the respective duck-
hunting zones. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
Arkansas: The season for Canada geese may extend for 23 days in the
East
[[Page 45358]]
Zone and 16 days in the West Zone. In both zones, the season may extend
to February 15. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese. In the remainder
of the State, the season for Canada geese is closed. For white-fronted
geese, the season may extend to February 15.
Illinois: The total harvest of Canada geese in the State will be
limited to 40,800 birds. Limits are 1 Canada goose daily and 10 in
possession, except for the last 14 days in each zone, when the limit is
2 Canada geese daily.
(a) North Zone--The season for Canada geese will close after 67
days or when 5,600 birds have been harvested in the Northern Illinois
Quota Zone, whichever occurs first. The season may be split into 3
segments.
(b) Central Zone--The season for Canada geese will close after 67
days or when 7,100 birds have been harvested in the Central Illinois
Quota Zone, whichever occurs first. The season may be split into 3
segments.
(c) South Zone--The harvest of Canada geese in the Southern
Illinois and Rend Lake Quota Zones will be limited to 13,100 and 2,300
birds, respectively. The season for Canada geese in each zone will
close after 67 days or when the harvest limit has been reached,
whichever occurs first. In the Southern Illinois Quota Zone, if any of
the following conditions exist after December 20, the State, after
consultation with the Service, will close the season by emergency order
with 48 hours notice:
(1) Average body weights of adult female geese less than 3,200
grams as measured from a weekly sample of a minimum of 50 geese.
(2) Starvation or a major disease outbreak resulting in observed
mortality exceeding 5,000 birds in 10 days, or a total mortality
exceeding 10,000 birds.
In the remainder of the South Zone, the season may extend for 67
days or until both the Southern Illinois and Rend Lake Quota Zones have
been closed, whichever occurs first.
Indiana: The total harvest of Canada geese in the State will be
limited to 10,500 birds. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(a) Posey County--The season for Canada geese will close after 66
days or when the Canada goose harvest at the Hovey Lake Fish and
Wildlife Area exceeds 760 birds, whichever occurs first.
(b) North Zone--The season for Canada geese will close after 51
days.
(c) Remainder of the State--The season for Canada geese may extend
for 56 days, except in the SJBP Zone, where the season may not exceed
35 days.
Iowa: The season may extend for 70 days. The daily bag limit is 2
Canada geese through October 31 and 1 Canada goose thereafter, except
in the South Zone where the daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese beginning
December 1.
Kentucky:
(a) Western Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 50
days (65 days in Fulton County), and the harvest will be limited to
9,000 birds. Of the 9,000-bird quota, 5,800 birds will be allocated to
the Ballard Reporting Area and 1,800 birds will be allocated to the
Henderson/Union Reporting Area. If the quota in either reporting area
is reached prior to completion of the 50-day season, the season in that
reporting area will be closed. If this occurs, the season in those
counties and portions of counties outside of, but associated with, the
respective reporting area (listed in State regulations) may continue
for an additional 7 days, not to exceed a total of 50 days (65 days in
Fulton County). The season in Fulton County may extend to February 15.
The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(b) Pennyroyal/Coalfield Zone--The season may extend for 35 days.
The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(c) Remainder of the State--The season may extend for 50 days. The
daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
Louisiana: The season for Canada geese may extend for 9 days.
During the season, the daily bag limit for Canada and white-fronted
geese is 2, no more than 1 of which may be a Canada goose. Hunters
participating in the Canada goose season must possess a special permit
issued by the State. The season for white-fronted geese may extend to
February 15.
Michigan: The total harvest of Canada geese in the State will be
limited to 22,900 birds. The framework opening date for all geese is
September 19.
(a) North Zone--If the season for Canada geese opens September 19,
it may extend for 16 days. If the season opens October 3 or later, it
may extend for 7 days. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(b) Middle Zone--If the season for Canada geese opens September 19,
it may extend for 16 days. If the season opens October 3 or later, it
may extend for 7 days. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(c) South Zone
(1) Allegan County GMU--The season for Canada geese will close
after 21 days or when 880 birds have been harvested, whichever occurs
first. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
(2) Muskegon Wastewater GMU--The season for Canada geese will close
after 22 days or when 280 birds have been harvested, whichever occurs
first. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(3) Saginaw County GMU--The season for Canada geese will close
after 50 days or when 2,000 birds have been harvested, whichever occurs
first. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
(4) Tuscola/Huron GMU--The season for Canada geese will close after
50 days or when 750 birds have been harvested, whichever occurs first.
The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
(5) Remainder of South Zone--If the season for Canada geese opens
September 19, it may extend for 16 days. The daily bag limit is 2
Canada geese, except during that portion of the season that overlaps
the duck season, when the daily bag limit is one Canada goose. If the
season opens October 3 or later, it may extend for 9 days with a daily
bag limit of 1 Canada goose.
(d) Southern Michigan GMU--A special Canada goose season may be
held between January 9 and February 7. The daily bag limit is 5 Canada
geese.
(e) Central Michigan GMU--An experimental special Canada goose
season may be held between January 9 and February 7. The daily bag
limit is 5 Canada geese.
Minnesota:
(a) West Zone.
(1) West Central Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for
20 days. In the Lac Qui Parle Zone, the season will close after 20 days
or when 10,000 birds have been harvested, whichever occurs first.
Throughout the West Central Zone, the daily bag limit is 1 Canada
goose.
(2) Remainder of West Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend
for 25 days. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
(b) Northwest Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 20
days. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
(c) Northeast Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 70
days. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(d) Remainder of the State--The season for Canada geese may extend
for 70 days, except in the Twin Cities Metro Zone and Olmsted County,
where the season may not exceed 80 days. The daily bag limit is 1
Canada goose for the first 30 days of the season, and 2 Canada geese
thereafter.
(e) Fergus Falls/Alexandria Zone--A special Canada goose season of
up to 10 days may be held in December. During the special season, the
daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
Mississippi: The season for Canada geese may extend for 70 days.
The daily bag limit is 3 Canada geese.
Missouri:
(a) Swan Lake Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 40
days.
[[Page 45359]]
The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese through November 30, and 1 Canada
goose thereafter.
(b) Schell-Osage Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for
40 days. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese through November 30, and
1 Canada goose thereafter.
(c) Remainder of the State:
(1) North Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 60 days,
with no more than 30 days after November 30. The season may be split
into 3 segments, provided that one segment of at least 9 days occurs
prior to October 15. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(2) Middle Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 60 days
with no more than 30 days after November 30. The season may be split
into 3 segments, provided that at least one segment occurs prior to
December 1. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
(3) South Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 60 days.
The season may be split into 3 segments, provided that at least one
segment occurs prior to December 1. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada
geese.
Ohio: The season may extend for 70 days in the respective duck-
hunting zones, with a daily bag limit of 2 Canada geese, except in the
Lake Erie SJBP Zone, where the season may not exceed 30 days and the
daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
Tennessee:
(a) Northwest Zone--The season for Canada geese will close after 65
days or when 3,400 birds have been harvested, whichever occurs first.
The season may extend to February 15. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada
geese.
(b) Southwest Zone--The season for Canada geese may extend for 50
days, and the harvest will be limited to 400 birds. The daily bag limit
is 2 Canada geese.
(c) Kentucky/Barkley Lakes Zone--The season for Canada geese will
close after 50 days or when 1,800 birds have been harvested, whichever
occurs first. All geese harvested must be tagged. The daily bag limit
is 2 Canada geese. In lieu of the quota and tagging requirement above,
the State may select either a 50-day season with a 1-bird daily bag
limit or a 35-day season with a 2-bird daily bag limit for this Zone.
(d) Remainder of the State--The season for Canada geese may extend
for 70 days. The daily bag limit is 2 Canada geese.
Wisconsin: The total harvest of Canada geese in the State will be
limited to 32,500 birds.
(a) Horicon Zone--The framework opening date for all geese is
September 19. The harvest of Canada geese is limited to 15,500 birds.
The season may not exceed 86 days. All Canada geese harvested must be
tagged. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose and the season limit will
be the number of tags issued to each permittee.
(b) Collins Zone--The framework opening date for all geese is
September 19. The harvest of Canada geese is limited to 500 birds. The
season may not exceed 68 days. All Canada geese harvested must be
tagged. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose and the season limit will
be the number of tags issued to each permittee.
(c) Exterior Zone--The framework opening date for all geese is
October 3. The harvest of Canada geese is limited to 12,000 birds, with
500 birds allocated to the Mississippi River Subzone. The season may
not exceed 49 days, except in the Mississippi River Subzone, where the
season may not exceed 70 days. The daily bag limit is 1 Canada goose.
In that portion of the Exterior Zone outside the Mississippi River
Subzone, the progress of the harvest must be monitored, and the season
closed, if necessary, to ensure that the harvest does not exceed 12,000
birds.
Additional Limits: In addition to the harvest limits stated for the
respective zones above, an additional 4,500 Canada geese may be taken
in the Horicon Zone under special agricultural permits.
Quota Zone Closures: When it has been determined that the quota of
Canada geese allotted to the Northern Illinois, Central Illinois,
Southern Illinois, and Rend Lake Quota Zones in Illinois, Posey County
in Indiana, the Ballard and Henderson-Union Subzones in Kentucky, the
Allegan County, Muskegon Wastewater, Saginaw County, and Tuscola/Huron
Goose Management Units in Michigan, the Lac Qui Parle Zone in
Minnesota, the Northwest and Kentucky/Barkley Lakes (if applicable)
Zones in Tennessee, and the Exterior Zone in Wisconsin will have been
filled, the season for taking Canada geese in the respective zone (and
associated area, if applicable) will be closed by either the Director
upon giving public notice through local information media at least 48
hours in advance of the time and date of closing, or by the State
through State regulations with such notice and time (not less than 48
hours) as they deem necessary.
Central Flyway
Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots
Outside Dates: Between October 3 and January 17.
Hunting Seasons and Duck Limits:
(1) High Plains Mallard Management Unit (roughly defined as that
portion of the Central Flyway which lies west of the 100th meridian):
97 days and a daily bag limit of 6 ducks, including no more than 5
mallards (no more than 2 of which may be hens) 1 mottled duck, 1
canvasback, 1 pintail, 2 redheads, and 2 wood ducks. The last 23 days
may start no earlier than the Saturday nearest December 10 (December
12).
(2) Remainder of the Central Flyway: 74 days and a daily bag limit
of 6 ducks, including no more than 5 mallards (no more than 2 of which
may be hens), 1 mottled duck, 1 canvasback, 1 pintail, 2 redheads, and
2 wood ducks.
Merganser Limits: The daily bag limit is 5 mergansers, only 1 of
which may be a hooded merganser.
Coot Limits: The daily bag limit is 15 coots.
Zoning and Split Seasons: Kansas (Low Plains portion), Montana,
Nebraska (Low Plains portion), New Mexico, Oklahoma (Low Plains
portion), South Dakota (Low Plains portion), Texas (Low Plains
portion), and Wyoming may select hunting seasons by zones.
In Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma,
South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming, the regular season may be split into
two segments.
In Colorado, the season may be split into three segments.
Geese
Split Seasons: Seasons for geese may be split into three segments.
Three-way split seasons for Canada geese require Central Flyway Council
and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service approval, and a 3-year evaluation by
each participating State.
Outside Dates: For dark geese, outside dates for seasons may be
selected between the Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3) and the
Sunday nearest February 15 (February 14), except for white-fronted
geese in east tier States, where the closing date is January 31. For
light geese, outside dates for seasons may be selected between the
Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3) and March 10, except in the
Rainwater Basin Light Goose Area of Nebraska where the closing date is
February 1 in the West and March 10 in the East with temporal and
spatial restrictions consistent with the experimental late-winter snow
goose hunting strategy endorsed by the Central Flyway Council in July
1997.
Season Lengths and Limits:
Light Geese: States may select a light goose season not to exceed
107 days. The daily bag limit for light geese is 20 with no possession
limit.
[[Page 45360]]
Dark Geese: In Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South
Dakota, and the Eastern Goose Zone of Texas, States may select a season
for Canada geese (or any other dark goose species except white-fronted
geese) not to exceed 93 days with a daily bag limit of 3. For white-
fronted geese, these States may select either a season of 72 days with
a bag limit of 2 or an 86-day season with a bag limit of 1.
In South Dakota, for Canada geese in the Power Plant Area of Dark
Goose Unit 1, the daily bag limit is 3 until November 30 and 1
thereafter.
In Colorado, Montana, New Mexico and Wyoming, States may select
seasons not to exceed 107 days. The daily bag limit for dark geese is 4
in the aggregate.
In the Western Goose Zone of Texas, the season may not exceed 107
days. The daily bag limit for Canada geese (or any other dark goose
species except white-fronted geese) is 4. The daily bag limit for
white-fronted geese is 1.
Pacific Flyway
Ducks, Mergansers, Coots, and Common Moorhens
Hunting Seasons and Duck Limits: Concurrent 107 days and daily bag
limit of 7 ducks and mergansers, including no more than 2 female
mallards, 1 pintail, 2 redheads and 1 canvasback. The season on coots
and common moorhens may be between the outside dates for the season on
ducks, but not to exceed 107 days.
Coot and Common Moorhen Limits: The daily bag and possession limits
of coots and common moorhens are 25, singly or in the aggregate.
Outside Dates: Between the Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3)
and the Sunday nearest January 20 (January 17).
Zoning and Split Seasons: Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada,
Oregon, Utah, and Washington may select hunting seasons by zones.
Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Washington
may split their seasons into two segments.
Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, and Wyoming may split their seasons
into three segments.
Colorado River Zone, California: Seasons and limits shall be the
same as seasons and limits selected in the adjacent portion of Arizona
(South Zone).
Geese
Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and Limits: Except as subsequently
noted, 100-day seasons may be selected, with outside dates between the
Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3), and the Sunday nearest January
20 (January 17), and the basic daily bag limits are 3 light geese and 4
dark geese, except in California, Oregon, and Washington, where the
dark goose bag limit does not include brant.
Split Seasons: Unless otherwise specified, seasons for geese may be
split into up to 3 segments. Three-way split seasons for Canada geese
and white-fronted geese require Pacific Flyway Council and U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service approval and a 3-year evaluation by each
participating State.
Brant Season--A 16-consecutive-day season may be selected in Oregon
and Washington, and a 30-consecutive-day season may be selected in
California. In these States, the daily bag limit is 2 brant and is in
addition to dark goose limits.
Closures: There will be no open season on Aleutian Canada geese in
the Pacific Flyway. The States of California, Oregon, and Washington
must include a statement on the closure for that subspecies in their
respective regulations leaflet. Emergency closures may be invoked for
all Canada geese should Aleutian Canada goose distribution patterns or
other circumstances justify such actions.
Arizona: The daily bag limit for dark geese is 2.
California
Northeastern Zone--White-fronted geese and cackling Canada geese
may be taken only during the first 23 days of the goose season. The
daily bag limit is 3 geese and may include no more than 2 dark geese;
including not more than 1 cackling Canada goose.
Colorado River Zone--The seasons and limits must be the same as
those selected in the adjacent portion of Arizona (South Zone).
Southern Zone--The daily bag and possession limits for dark geese
is 2 geese, including not more than 1 cackling Canada goose.
Balance-of-the-State Zone--A 79-day season may be selected. Limits
may not include more than 3 geese per day and 6 in possession, of which
not more than 2 daily and 4 in possession may be white-fronted geese
and not more than 1 daily or 2 in possession may be cackling Canada
geese.
Three areas in the Balance-of-the-State Zone are restricted in the
hunting of certain geese:
(1) In the Counties of Del Norte and Humboldt, there will be no
open season for Canada geese.
(2) In the Sacramento Valley Area, the season on white-fronted
geese must end on or before December 14, and, except in the Western
Canada Goose Hunt Area, there will be no open season for Canada geese.
(3) In the San Joaquin Valley Area, the hunting season for Canada
geese will close no later than November 23.
Colorado: The daily bag limit for dark geese is 2 geese.
Idaho
Northern Unit--The daily bag limit is 4 geese, including 4 dark
geese, but not more than 3 light geese.
Southwest Unit and Southeastern Unit--The daily bag limit on dark
geese is 4.
Montana
West of Divide Zone and East of Divide Zone--The daily bag limit of
dark geese is 4.
Nevada
Lincoln and Clark County Zone--The daily bag limit of dark geese is
2.
New Mexico: The daily bag limit of dark geese is 3.
Oregon: Except as subsequently noted, the dark goose daily bag
limit is 4, including not more than 1 cackling Canada goose.
Harney, Lake, Klamath, and Malheur Counties Zone--The season length
may be 100 days. The dark goose limit is 4, including not more than 2
white-fronted geese and 1 cackling Canada goose.
Western Zone--In the Special Canada Goose Management Area, except
for designated areas, there shall be no open season on Canada geese. In
the designated areas, individual quotas shall be established which
collectively shall not exceed 165 dusky Canada geese. See section on
quota zones. In those designated areas, the daily bag limit of dark
geese is 4 and may include 4 cackling Canada geese.
Utah: The daily bag limit for dark geese is 2 geese.
Washington: The daily bag limit is 4 geese, including 4 dark geese
but not more than 3 light geese.
West Zone--In the Lower Columbia River Special Goose Management
Area, except for designated areas, there shall be no open season on
Canada geese. In the designated areas, individual quotas shall be
established which collectively shall not exceed 85 dusky Canada geese.
See section on quota zones. In this area, the daily bag limit of dark
geese is 4 and may include 4 cackling Canada geese.
Wyoming: The daily bag limit is 4 dark geese.
Quota Zones: Seasons on dark geese must end upon attainment of
individual quotas of dusky Canada geese allotted to the designated
areas of Oregon and Washington. The September Canada goose season, the
regular goose season, any special late dark goose season, and any
extended falconry season, combined, must not exceed 107 days and the
established quota of dusky Canada geese must not be exceeded.
[[Page 45361]]
Hunting of dark geese in those designated areas shall only be by
hunters possessing a State-issued permit authorizing them to do so. In
a Service-approved investigation, the State must obtain quantitative
information on hunter compliance of those regulations aimed at reducing
the take of dusky Canada geese and eliminating the take of Aleutian
Canada geese.
In the designated areas of the Washington Quota Zone, a special
late dark goose season may be held between January 23 and March 10. The
daily bag limit may not include Aleutian Canada geese. In the Special
Canada Goose Management Area of Oregon, the framework closing date is
extended to the Sunday closest to March 1 (Feb. 28).
Swans
In designated areas of Utah, Nevada, and the Pacific Flyway portion
of Montana, an open season for taking a limited number of swans may be
selected. Permits will be issued by States and will authorize each
permittee to take no more than 1 swan per season. The season may open
no earlier than the Saturday nearest October 1 (October 3). The States
must implement a harvest-monitoring program to measure the species
composition of the swan harvest. In Utah and Nevada, the harvest-
monitoring program must require that all harvested swans or their
species-determinant parts be examined by either State or Federal
biologists for the purpose of species classification. All States should
use appropriate measures to maximize hunter compliance in providing
bagged swans for examination or, in the case of Montana, reporting
bill-measurement and color information. All States must provide to the
Service by June 30, 1998, a report covering harvest, hunter
participation, reporting compliance, and monitoring of swan populations
in the designated hunt areas. These seasons will be subject to the
following conditions:
In Utah, no more than 2,750 permits may be issued. The season must
end no later than the first Sunday in December (December 6) or upon
attainment of 15 trumpeter swans in the harvest, whichever occurs
earliest.
In Nevada, no more than 650 permits may be issued. The season must
end no later than the Sunday following January 1 (January 3) or upon
attainment of 5 trumpeter swans in the harvest, whichever occurs
earliest.
In Montana, no more than 500 permits may be issued. The season must
end no later than December 1.
Tundra Swans
In Central Flyway portion of Montana, and in North Carolina, North
Dakota, South Dakota (east of the Missouri River), and Virginia, an
open season for taking a limited number of tundra swans may be
selected. Permits will be issued by the States and will authorize each
permittee to take no more than 1 tundra swan per season. The States
must obtain harvest and hunter participation data. These seasons will
be subject to the following conditions:
In the Atlantic Flyway
--The season will be experimental.
--The season may be 90 days, from October 1 to January 31.
--In North Carolina, no more than 5,000 permits may be issued.
--In Virginia, no more than 600 permits may be issued.
In the Central Flyway
--The season may be 107 days and must occur during the light goose
season.
--In the Central Flyway portion of Montana, no more than 500 permits
may be issued.
--In North Dakota, no more than 2,000 permits may be issued.
--In South Dakota, no more than 1,500 permits may be issued.
Area, Unit and Zone Descriptions
Ducks (Including Mergansers) and Coots
Atlantic Flyway
Connecticut
North Zone: That portion of the State north of I-95.
South Zone: Remainder of the State.
Maine
North Zone: That portion north of the line extending east along
Maine State Highway 110 from the New Hampshire and Maine border to the
intersection of Maine State Highway 11 in Newfield; then north and east
along Route 11 to the intersection of U.S. Route 202 in Auburn; then
north and east on Route 202 to the intersection of Interstate Highway
95 in Augusta; then north and east along I-95 to Route 15 in Bangor;
then east along Route 15 to Route 9; then east along Route 9 to Stony
Brook in Baileyville; then east along Stony Brook to the United States
border.
South Zone: Remainder of the State.
Massachusetts
Western Zone: That portion of the State west of a line extending
south from the Vermont border on I-91 to MA 9, west on MA 9 to MA 10,
south on MA 10 to U.S. 202, south on U.S. 202 to the Connecticut
border.
Central Zone: That portion of the State east of the Berkshire Zone
and west of a line extending south from the New Hampshire border on I-
95 to U.S. 1, south on U.S. 1 to I-93, south on I-93 to MA 3, south on
MA 3 to U.S. 6, west on U.S. 6 to MA 28, west on MA 28 to I-195, west
to the Rhode Island border; except the waters, and the lands 150 yards
inland from the high-water mark, of the Assonet River upstream to the
MA 24 bridge, and the Taunton River upstream to the Center St.-Elm St.
bridge shall be in the Coastal Zone.
Coastal Zone: That portion of Massachusetts east and south of the
Central Zone.
New Hampshire
Coastal Zone: That portion of the State east of a line extending
west from Maine border in Rollinsford on NH 4 to the city of Dover,
south to NH 108, south along NH 108 through Madbury, Durham, and
Newmarket to NH 85 in Newfields, south to NH 101 in Exeter, east to NH
51 (Exeter-Hampton Expressway), east to I-95 (New Hampshire Turnpike)
in Hampton, and south along I-95 to the Massachusetts border.
Inland Zone: That portion of the State north and west of the above
boundary.
New Jersey
Coastal Zone: That portion of the State seaward of a line beginning
at the New York border in Raritan Bay and extending west along the New
York border to NJ 440 at Perth Amboy; west on NJ 440 to the Garden
State Parkway; south on the Garden State Parkway to the shoreline at
Cape May and continuing to the Delaware border in Delaware Bay.
North Zone: That portion of the State west of the Coastal Zone and
north of a line extending west from the Garden State Parkway on NJ 70
to the New Jersey Turnpike, north on the turnpike to U.S. 206, north on
U.S. 206 to U.S. 1 at Trenton, west on U.S. 1 to the Pennsylvania
border in the Delaware River.
South Zone: That portion of the State not within the North Zone or
the Coastal Zone.
New York
Lake Champlain Zone: The U.S. portion of Lake Champlain and that
area east and north of a line extending along NY 9B from the Canadian
border to U.S. 9, south along U.S. 9 to NY 22 south of Keesville; south
along NY 22 to the west shore of South Bay, along and around the
shoreline of South Bay to NY 22 on the east shore of South Bay;
southeast along NY 22 to U.S. 4, northeast along U.S. 4 to the Vermont
border.
[[Page 45362]]
Long Island Zone: That area consisting of Nassau County, Suffolk
County, that area of Westchester County southeast of I-95, and their
tidal waters.
Western Zone: That area west of a line extending from Lake Ontario
east along the north shore of the Salmon River to I-81, and south along
I-81 to the Pennsylvania border.
Northeastern Zone: That area north of a line extending from Lake
Ontario east along the north shore of the Salmon River to I-81, south
along I-81 to NY 49, east along NY 49 to NY 365, east along NY 365 to
NY 28, east along NY 28 to NY 29, east along NY 29 to I-87, north along
I-87 to U.S. 9 (at Exit 20), north along U.S. 9 to NY 149, east along
NY 149 to U.S. 4, north along U.S. 4 to the Vermont border, exclusive
of the Lake Champlain Zone.
Southeastern Zone: The remaining portion of New York.
Pennsylvania
Lake Erie Zone: The Lake Erie waters of Pennsylvania and a
shoreline margin along Lake Erie from New York on the east to Ohio on
the west extending 150 yards inland, but including all of Presque Isle
Peninsula.
Northwest Zone: The area bounded on the north by the Lake Erie Zone
and including all of Erie and Crawford Counties and those portions of
Mercer and Venango Counties north of I-80.
North Zone: That portion of the State east of the Northwest Zone
and north of a line extending east on I-80 to U.S. 220, Route 220 to I-
180, I-180 to I-80, and I-80 to the Delaware River.
South Zone: The remaining portion of Pennsylvania.
Vermont
Lake Champlain Zone: The U.S. portion of Lake Champlain and that
area north and west of the line extending from the New York border
along U.S. 4 to VT 22A at Fair Haven; VT 22A to U.S. 7 at Vergennes;
U.S. 7 to the Canadian border.
Interior Zone: The remaining portion of Vermont.
West Virginia
Zone 1: That portion outside the boundaries in Zone 2.
Zone 2 (Allegheny Mountain Upland): That area bounded by a line
extending south along U.S. 220 through Keyser to U.S. 50; U.S. 50 to WV
93; WV 93 south to WV 42; WV 42 south to Petersburg; WV 28 south to
Minnehaha Springs; WV 39 west to U.S. 219; U.S. 219 south to I-64; I-64
west to U.S. 60; U.S. 60 west to U.S. 19; U.S. 19 north to I-79, I-79
north to U.S. 48; U.S. 48 east to the Maryland border; and along the
border to the point of beginning.
Mississippi Flyway
Alabama
South Zone: Mobile and Baldwin Counties.
North Zone: The remainder of Alabama.
Illinois
North Zone: That portion of the State north of a line extending
east from the Iowa border along Illinois Highway 92 to Interstate
Highway 280, east along I-280 to I-80, then east along I-80 to the
Indiana border.
Central Zone: That portion of the State south of the North Zone to
a line extending east from the Missouri border along the Modoc Ferry
route to Modoc Ferry Road, east along Modoc Ferry Road to Modoc Road,
northeasterly along Modoc Road and St. Leo's Road to Illinois Highway
3, north along Illinois 3 to Illinois 159, north along Illinois 159 to
Illinois 161, east along Illinois 161 to Illinois 4, north along
Illinois 4 to Interstate Highway 70, east along I-70 to the Bond County
line, north and east along the Bond County line to Fayette County,
north and east along the Fayette County line to Effingham County, east
and south along the Effingham County line to I-70, then east along I-70
to the Indiana border.
South Zone: The remainder of Illinois.
Indiana
North Zone: That portion of the State north of a line extending
east from the Illinois border along State Road 18 to U.S. Highway 31,
north along U.S. 31 to U.S. 24, east along U.S. 24 to Huntington, then
southeast along U.S. 224 to the Ohio border.
Ohio River Zone: That portion of the State south of a line
extending east from the Illinois border along Interstate Highway 64 to
New Albany, east along State Road 62 to State 56, east along State 56
to Vevay, east and north on State 156 along the Ohio River to North
Landing, north along State 56 to U.S. Highway 50, then northeast along
U.S. 50 to the Ohio border.
South Zone: That portion of the State between the North and Ohio
River Zone boundaries.
Iowa
North Zone: That portion of the State north of a line extending
east from the Nebraska border along State Highway 175 to State 37,
southeast along State 37 to U.S. Highway 59, south along U.S. 59 to
Interstate Highway 80, then east along I-80 to the Illinois border.
South Zone: The remainder of Iowa.
Kentucky
West Zone: All counties west of and including Butler, Daviess,
Ohio, Simpson, and Warren Counties.
East Zone: The remainder of Kentucky.
Louisiana
West Zone: That portion of the State west of a line extending south
from the Arkansas border along Louisiana Highway 3 to Bossier City,
east along Interstate Highway 20 to Minden, south along Louisiana 7 to
Ringgold, east along Louisiana 4 to Jonesboro, south along U.S. Highway
167 to Lafayette, southeast along U.S. 90 to Houma, then south along
the Houma Navigation Channel to the Gulf of Mexico through Cat Island
Pass.
East Zone: The remainder of Louisiana.
Catahoula Lake Area: All of Catahoula Lake, including those
portions known locally as Round Prairie, Catfish Prairie, and Frazier's
Arm. See State regulations for additional information.
Michigan
North Zone: The Upper Peninsula.
Middle Zone: That portion of the Lower Peninsula north of a line
beginning at the Wisconsin border in Lake Michigan due west of the
mouth of Stony Creek in Oceana County; then due east to, and easterly
and southerly along the south shore of, Stony Creek to Scenic Drive,
easterly and southerly along Scenic Drive to Stony Lake Road, easterly
along Stony Lake and Garfield Roads to Michigan Highway 20, east along
Michigan 20 to U.S. Highway 10 Business Route (BR) in the city of
Midland, east along U.S. 10 BR to U.S. 10, east along U.S. 10 to
Interstate Highway 75/U.S. Highway 23, north along I-75/U.S. 23 to the
U.S. 23 exit at Standish, east along U.S. 23 to Shore Road in Arenac
County, east along Shore Road to the tip of Point Lookout, then on a
line directly east 10 miles into Saginaw Bay, and from that point on a
line directly northeast to the Canada border.
South Zone: The remainder of Michigan.
Mississippi
Zone 1: Hancock, Harrison, and Jackson Counties.
Zone 2: The remainder of Mississippi.
Missouri
North Zone: That portion of Missouri north of a line running west
from the Illinois border along Interstate Highway 70 to U.S. Highway
54, south along U.S.
[[Page 45363]]
54 to U.S. 50, then west along U.S. 50 to the Kansas border.
South Zone: That portion of Missouri south of a line running west
from the Illinois border along Missouri Highway 34 to Interstate
Highway 55; south along I-55 to U.S. Highway 62, west along U.S. 62 to
Missouri 53, north along Missouri 53 to Missouri 51, north along
Missouri 51 to U.S. 60, west along U.S. 60 to Missouri 21, north along
Missouri 21 to Missouri 72, west along Missouri 72 to Missouri 32, west
along Missouri 32 to U.S. 65, north along U.S. 65 to U.S. 54, west
along U.S. 54 to Missouri 32, south along Missouri 32 to Missouri 97,
south along Missouri 97 to Dade County NN, west along Dade County NN to
Missouri 37, west along Missouri 37 to Jasper County N, west along
Jasper County N to Jasper County M, west along Jasper County M to the
Kansas border.
Middle Zone: The remainder of Missouri.
Ohio
North Zone: The Counties of Darke, Miami, Clark, Champaign, Union,
Delaware, Licking (excluding the Buckeye Lake Area), Muskingum,
Guernsey, Harrison and Jefferson and all counties north thereof.
Ohio River Zone: The Counties of Hamilton, Clermont, Brown, Adams,
Scioto, Lawrence, Gallia and Meigs.
South Zone: That portion of the State between the North and Ohio
River Zone boundaries, including the Buckeye Lake Area in Licking
County bounded on the west by State Highway 37, on the north by U.S.
Highway 40, and on the east by State 13.
Tennessee
Reelfoot Zone: All or portions of Lake and Obion Counties.
State Zone: The remainder of Tennessee.
Wisconsin
North Zone: That portion of the State north of a line extending
east from the Minnesota border along State Highway 77 to State 27,
south along State 27 and 77 to U.S. Highway 63, and continuing south
along State 27 to Sawyer County Road B, south and east along County B
to State 70, southwest along State 70 to State 27, south along State 27
to State 64, west along State 64/27 and south along State 27 to U.S.
12, south and east on State 27/U.S. 12 to U.S. 10, east on U.S. 10 to
State 310, east along State 310 to State 42, north along State 42 to
State 147, north along State 147 to State 163, north along State 163 to
Kewaunee County Trunk A, north along County Trunk A to State 57, north
along State 57 to the Kewaunee/Door County Line, west along the
Kewaunee/Door County Line to the Door/Brown County Line, west along the
Door/Brown County Line to the Door/Oconto/Brown County Line, northeast
along the Door/Oconto County Line to the Marinette/Door County Line,
northeast along the Marinette/Door County Line to the Michigan border.
South Zone: The remainder of Wisconsin.
Central Flyway
Kansas
High Plains Zone: That portion of the State west of U.S. 283.
Low Plains Early Zone: That portion of the State east of the High
Plains Zone and west of a line extending south from the Nebraska border
along KS 28 to U.S. 36, east along U.S. 36 to KS 199, south along KS
199 to Republic County Road 563, south along Republic County Road 563
to KS 148, east along KS 148 to Republic County Road 138, south along
Republic County Road 138 to Cloud County Road 765, south along Cloud
County Road 765 to KS 9, west along KS 9 to U.S. 24, west along U.S 24
to U.S. 281, north along U.S. 281 to U.S. 36, west along U.S. 36 to
U.S. 183, south along U.S. 183 to U.S. 24, west along U.S. 24 to KS 18,
southeast along KS 18 to U.S. 183, south along U.S. 183 to KS 4, east
along KS 4 to I-135, south along I-135 to KS 61, southwest along KS 61
to KS 96, northwest on KS 96 to U.S. 56, west along U.S. 56 to U.S.
281, south along U.S. 281 to U.S. 54, then west along U.S. 54 to U.S.
283.
Low Plains Late Zone: The remainder of Kansas.
Montana (Central Flyway Portion)
Zone 1: The Counties of Blaine, Carbon, Carter, Daniels, Dawson,
Fallon, Fergus, Garfield, Golden Valley, Judith Basin, McCone,
Musselshell, Petroleum, Phillips, Powder River, Richland, Roosevelt,
Sheridan, Stillwater, Sweet Grass, Valley, Wheatland, Wibaux, and
Yellowstone.
Zone 2: The remainder of Montana.
Nebraska
High Plains Zone: That portion of the State west of Highways U.S.
183 and U.S. 20 from the South Dakota border to Ainsworth, NE 7 and NE
91 to Dunning, NE 2 to Merna, NE 92 to Arnold, NE 40 and NE 47 through
Gothenburg to NE 23, NE 23 to Elwood, and U.S. 283 to the Kansas
border.
Low Plains Zone 1: That portion of the State east of the High
Plains Zone and north and east of a line extending from the South
Dakota border along NE 26E Spur to U.S. 20, west on U.S. 20 to NE 12,
west on NE 12 to the Knox/Keya Paha County line, south along the county
line to the Niobrara River and along the Niobrara River to U.S. 183
(the High Plains Zone line). Where the Niobrara River forms the
boundary, both banks will be in Zone 1.
Low Plains Zone 2: That portion of the State east of the High
Plains Zone and bounded by designated highways and political boundaries
starting on U.S. 73 at the Kansas border, north to NE 67, north to U.S.
75, north to NE 2, west to NE 43, north to U.S. 34, east to NE 63;
north and west to U.S. 77; north to NE 92; west to U.S. 81; south to NE
66; west to NE 14; south to U.S. 34; west to NE 2; south to I-80; west
to Hamilton/Hall County line (Gunbarrel Road), south to Giltner Road;
west to U.S. 34; west to U.S. 136; east on U.S. 136 to NE 10; south to
the State line; west to U.S. 283; north to NE 23; west to NE 47; north
to U.S. 30; east to NE 14; north to NE 52; northeasterly to NE 91; west
to U.S. 281, north to NE 91 in Wheeler County, west to U.S. 183; north
to northerly boundary of Loup County; east along the north boundaries
of Loup, Garfield, and Wheeler County; south along the east Wheeler
County line to NE 70; east on NE 70 from Wheeler County to NE 14; south
to NE 39; southeast to NE 22; east to U.S. 81; southeast to U.S. 30;
east along U.S. 30 to U.S. 75, north along U.S. 75 to the Washington/
Burt County line; then east along the county line to the Iowa border.
Low Plains Zone 3: The area east of the High Plains Zone, excluding
Low Plains Zone 1, north of Low Plains Zone 2.
Low Plains Zone 4: The area east of the High Plains Zone and south
of Zone 2.
New Mexico (Central Flyway Portion)
North Zone: That portion of the State north of I-40 and U.S. 54.
South Zone: The remainder of New Mexico.
North Dakota
High Plains Unit: That portion of the State south and west of a
line from the South Dakota border along U.S. 83 and I-94 to ND 41,
north to U.S. 2, west to the Williams/Divide County line, then north
along the County line to the Canadian border.
Low Plains: The remainder of North Dakota.
Oklahoma
High Plains Zone: The Counties of Beaver, Cimarron, and Texas.
Low Plains Zone 1: That portion of the State east of the High
Plains Zone and north of a line extending east from the
[[Page 45364]]
Texas border along OK 33 to OK 47, east along OK 47 to U.S. 183, south
along U.S. 183 to I-40, east along I-40 to U.S. 177, north along U.S.
177 to OK 33, west along OK 33 to I-35, north along I-35 to U.S. 60,
west along U.S. 60 to U.S. 64, west along U.S. 64 to OK 132, then north
along OK 132 to the Kansas border.
Low Plains Zone 2: The remainder of Oklahoma.
South Dakota
High Plains Unit: That portion of the State west of a line
beginning at the North Dakota border and extending south along U.S. 83
to U.S. 14, east along U.S. 14 to Blunt-Canning Road in Blunt, south
along Blunt-Canning Road to SD 34, east to SD 47, south to I-90, east
to SD 47, south to SD 49, south to Colome and then continuing south on
U.S. 183 to the Nebraska border.
North Zone: That portion of northeastern South Dakota east of the
High Plains Unit and north of a line extending east along US 212 to SD
15, then north along SD 15 to Big Stone Lake at the Minnesota border.
South Zone: That portion of Gregory County east of SD 47, Charles
Mix County south of SD 44 to the Douglas County line, south on SD 50 to
Geddes, east on the Geddes Hwy. to U.S. 281, south on U.S. 281 and U.S.
18 to SD 50, south and east on SD 50 to Bon Homme County line, the
Counties of Bon Homme, Yankton, and Clay south of SD 50, and Union
County south and west of SD 50 and I-29.
Middle Zone: The remainder of South Dakota.
Texas
High Plains Zone: That portion of the State west of a line
extending south from the Oklahoma border along U.S. 183 to Vernon,
south along U.S. 283 to Albany, south along TX 6 to TX 351 to Abilene,
south along U.S. 277 to Del Rio, then south along the Del Rio
International Toll Bridge access road to the Mexico border.
Low Plains North Zone: That portion of northeastern Texas east of
the High Plains Zone and north of a line beginning at the International
Toll Bridge south of Del Rio, then extending east on U.S. 90 to San
Antonio, then continuing east on I-10 to the Louisiana border at
Orange, Texas.
Low Plains South Zone: The remainder of Texas.
Wyoming (Central Flyway portion)
Zone 1: The Counties of Converse, Goshen, Hot Springs, Natrona,
Platte, Washakie, and that portion of Park County south of T58N and not
within the boundary of the Shoshone National Forest.
Zone 2: The remainder of Wyoming.
Pacific Flyway
Arizona--Game Management Units (GMU) as follows:
South Zone: Those portions of GMUs 6 and 8 in Yavapai County, and
GMUs 10 and 12B-45.
North Zone: GMUs 1-5, those portions of GMUs 6 and 8 within
Coconino County, and GMUs 7, 9, 12A.
California
Northeastern Zone: That portion of the State east and north of a
line beginning at the Oregon border; south and west along the Klamath
River to the mouth of Shovel Creek; south along Shovel Creek to Forest
Service Road 46N10; south and east along FS 46N10 to FS 45N22; west and
south along FS 45N22 to U.S. 97 at Grass Lake Summit; south and west
along U.S. 97 to I-5 at the town of Weed; south along I-5 to CA 89;
east and south along CA 89 to the junction with CA 49; east and north
on CA 49 to CA 70; east on CA 70 to U.S. 395; south and east on U.S.
395 to the Nevada border.
Colorado River Zone: Those portions of San Bernardino, Riverside,
and Imperial Counties east of a line extending from the Nevada border
south along U.S. 95 to Vidal Junction; south on a road known as
``Aqueduct Road'' in San Bernardino County through the town of Rice to
the San Bernardino-Riverside County line; south on a road known in
Riverside County as the ``Desert Center to Rice Road'' to the town of
Desert Center; east 31 miles on I-10 to the Wiley Well Road; south on
this road to Wiley Well; southeast along the Army-Milpitas Road to the
Blythe, Brawley, Davis Lake intersections; south on the Blythe-Brawley
paved road to the Ogilby and Tumco Mine Road; south on this road to
U.S. 80; east seven miles on U.S. 80 to the Andrade-Algodones Road;
south on this paved road to the Mexican border at Algodones, Mexico.
Southern Zone: That portion of southern California (but excluding
the Colorado River Zone) south and east of a line extending from the
Pacific Ocean east along the Santa Maria River to CA 166 near the City
of Santa Maria; east on CA 166 to CA 99; south on CA 99 to the crest of
the Tehachapi Mountains at Tejon Pass; east and north along the crest
of the Tehachapi Mountains to CA 178 at Walker Pass; east on CA 178 to
U.S. 395 at the town of Inyokern; south on U.S. 395 to CA 58; east on
CA 58 to I-15; east on I-15 to CA 127; north on CA 127 to the Nevada
border.
Southern San Joaquin Valley Temporary Zone: All of Kings and Tulare
Counties and that portion of Kern County north of the Southern Zone.
Balance-of-the-State Zone: The remainder of California not included
in the Northeastern, Southern, and Colorado River Zones, and the
Southern San Joaquin Valley Temporary Zone.
Idaho
Zone 1: Includes all lands and waters within the Fort Hall Indian
Reservation, including private inholdings; Bannock County; Bingham
County, except that portion within the Blackfoot Reservoir drainage;
and Power County east of ID 37 and ID 39.
Zone 2: Includes the following Counties or portions of Counties:
Adams; Bear Lake; Benewah; Bingham within the Blackfoot Reservoir
drainage; those portions of Blaine west of ID 75, south and east of
U.S. 93, and between ID 75 and U.S. 93 north of U.S. 20 outside the
Silver Creek drainage; Bonner; Bonneville; Boundary; Butte; Camas;
Caribou except the Fort Hall Indian Reservation; Cassia within the
Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge; Clark; Clearwater; Custer; Elmore
within the Camas Creek drainage; Franklin; Fremont; Idaho; Jefferson;
Kootenai; Latah; Lemhi; Lewis; Madison; Nez Perce; Oneida; Power within
the Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge; Shoshone; Teton; and Valley
Counties.
Zone 3: Includes the following Counties or portions of Counties:
Ada; Blaine between ID 75 and U.S. 93 south of U.S. 20 and that
additional area between ID 75 and U.S. 93 north of U.S. 20 within the
Silver Creek drainage; Boise; Canyon; Cassia except within the Minidoka
National Wildlife Refuge; Elmore except the Camas Creek drainage; Gem;
Gooding; Jerome; Lincoln; Minidoka; Owyhee; Payette; Power west of ID
37 and ID 39 except that portion within the Minidoka National Wildlife
Refuge; Twin Falls; and Washington Counties.
Nevada
Lincoln and Clark County Zone: All of Clark and Lincoln Counties.
Remainder-of-the-State Zone: The remainder of Nevada.
Oregon
Zone 1: Clatsop, Tillamook, Lincoln, Lane, Douglas, Coos, Curry,
Josephine, Jackson, Linn, Benton, Polk, Marion, Yamhill, Washington,
Columbia, Multnomah, Clackamas, Hood River, Wasco, Sherman, Gilliam,
Morrow and Umatilla Counties.
[[Page 45365]]
Columbia Basin Mallard Management Unit: Gilliam, Morrow, and
Umatilla Counties.
Zone 2: The remainder of the State.
Utah
Zone 1: All of Box Elder, Cache, Daggett, Davis, Duchesne, Morgan,
Rich, Salt Lake, Summit, Unitah, Utah, Wasatch, and Weber Counties and
that part of Toole County north of I-80.
Zone 2: The remainder of Utah.
Washington
East Zone: All areas east of the Pacific Crest Trail and east of
the Big White Salmon River in Klickitat County.
Columbia Basin Mallard Management Unit: Same as East Zone.
West Zone: All areas to the west of the East Zone.
Geese
Atlantic Flyway
Connecticut
Same zones as for ducks.
Maryland
Special Regular and Late Seasons for Canada Geese: Allegheny,
Carroll, Frederick, Garrett, Washington counties and the portion of
Montgomery County south of Interstate 270 and west of Interstate 495 to
the Potomac River.
Massachusetts
Special Area for Canada Geese: Central Zone (same as for ducks) and
that portion of the Coastal Zone that lies north of route 139 from
Green Harbor.
New Hampshire
Same zones as for ducks.
New Jersey
Special Area for Canada Geese:
North--that portion of the State within a continuous line that runs
east along the New York State boundary line to the Hudson River; then
south along the New York State boundary to its intersection with Route
440 at Perth Amboy; then west on Route 440 to its intersection with
Route 287; then west along Route 287 to its intersection with Route 206
in Bedminster (Exit 18); then north along Route 206 to its intersection
with Route 94: then west along Route 94 to the tollbridge in Columbia;
then north along the Pennsylvania State boundary in the Delaware River
to the beginning point.
South--that portion of the State within a continuous line that runs
west from the Atlantic Ocean at Ship Bottom along Route 72 to the
Garden State Parkway; then south along the Garden State Parkway to
Route 9; then south along Route 9 to Route 542; then west along Route
542 to the Mullica River (at Pleasant Mills); then north (upstream)
along the Mullica River to Route 206; then south along Route 206 to
Route 536; then west along Route 536 to Route 322; then west along
Route 322 to Route 55; then south along Route 55 to Route 553 (Buck
Road); then south along Route 553 to Route 40; then east along Route 40
to route 55; then south along Route 55 to Route 552 (Sherman Avenue);
then west along Route 552 to Carmel Road; then south along Carmel Road
to Route 49; then south along Route 49 to Route 50; then east along
Route 50 to Route 9; then south along Route 9 to Route 625 (Sea Isle
City Boulevard); then east along Route 625 to the Atlantic Ocean; then
north to the beginning point.
New York
Special Late Season Area for Canada Geese: that area of Chemung
County lying east of a continuous line extending south along State
Route 13 from the Schuyler County line to State Route 17 and then south
along Route 17 to the New York-Pennsylvania boundary; all of Tioga and
Broome Counties; that area of Delaware, Sullivan, and Orange Counties
lying southwest of a continuous line extending east along State Route
17 from the Broome County line to U.S. Route 209 at Wurtsboro and then
south along Route 209 to the New York-Pennsylvania boundary at Port
Jervis, excluding areas on or within 50 yards of the Delaware River
between the confluence of the West Branch and East Branch below Hancock
and the mouth of the Shingle Kill (3 miles upstream from Port Jervis);
that area of Orange, Rockland, Dutchess, Putnam and Westchester
Counties lying southeast of a continuous line extending north along
Route 17 from the New York-New Jersey boundary at Suffern to Interstate
Route 87, then north along Route 87 to Interstate Route 84, then east
along Route 84 to the northern boundary of Putnam County, then east
along that boundary to the New York-Connecticut boundary; that area of
Nassau and Suffolk Counties lying north of State Route 25A and west of
a continuous line extending northward from State Route 25A along
Randall Road (near Shoreham) to North Country Road, then east to Sound
Road and then north to Long Island Sound and then due north to the New
York-Connecticut boundary.
Regular Season Area in Southwest for Canada Geese: all of Allegany,
Cattaraugus, and Chautaugua Counties; that area of Erie, Wyoming and
Niagara Counties lying south and west of a continuous line extending
from the Rainbow Bridge below Niagara Falls, north along the Robert
Moses Parkway to US Route 62A, then east along Route 62A to US Route
62, then southeast along US Route 62 to Interstate Route 290, then
south along Route 290 to Exit 50 of the NYS Thruway, then east along I-
90 to State Route 98, then south along State Route 98 to the
Cattaraugus County line; and that area of Steuben and Chemung Counties
lying south of State Route 17.
North Carolina
Regular Season for Canada Geese: Statewide, except for Northampton
County and the Northeast Hunt Unit--Counties of Bertie, Camden, Chowan,
Currituck, Dare, Hyde, Pasquotank, Perquimans, Tyrrell, and Washington.
Pennsylvania
Erie, Mercer, and Butler Counties: All of Erie, Mercer, and Butler
Counties.
Regular Season Area for Canada Geese: Area from New York State line
west of U.S. Route 220 to intersection of I-180, west of I-180 to
intersection of SR 147, west of SR 147 to intersection of U.S. Route
322, west of U.S. Route 322 to intersection of I-81, west of I-81 to
intersection of I-83, west of I-83 to I-283, west of I-283 to SR 441,
west of SR 441 to U.S. Route 30, west of U.S. Route 30 to I-83, west of
I-83 to Maryland State line, except for the Counties of Erie, Mercer,
Butler, and Crawford.
Special Late Season Area for Canada Geese: Same as Regular Season
Area and the area from New York State line east of U.S. Route 220 to
intersection of I-180, east of I-180 to intersection of SR 147, east of
SR 147 to intersection of U.S. Route 322, east of Route 322 to
intersection of I-81, north of I-81 to intersection of I-80, north of
I-80 to New Jersey State line.
Rhode Island
Special Area for Canada Geese: Kent and Providence Counties and
portions of the towns of Exeter and North Kingston within Washington
County (see State regulations for detailed descriptions).
South Carolina
Canada Goose Area: Statewide except for Clarendon County and that
portion of Lake Marion in Orangeburg County and Berkeley County.
Virginia
Regular and Special Late Season Area for Canada Geese: All areas
west of I-95.
Back Bay Area: Defined for white geese as the waters of Back Bay
and its
[[Page 45366]]
tributaries and the marshes adjacent thereto, and on the land and
marshes between Back Bay and the Atlantic Ocean from Sandbridge to the
North Carolina line, and on and along the shore of North Landing River
and the marshes adjacent thereto, and on and along the shores of Binson
Inlet Lake (formerly known as Lake Tecumseh) and Red Wing Lake and the
marshes adjacent thereto.
West Virginia
Same zones as for ducks.
Mississippi Flyway
Alabama
Same zones as for ducks, but in addition:
SJBP Zone: That portion of Morgan County east of U.S. Highway 31,
north of State Highway 36, and west of U.S. 231; that portion of
Limestone County south of U.S. 72; and that portion of Madison County
south of Swancott Road and west of Triana Road.
Arkansas
East Zone: Arkansas, Ashley, Chicot, Clay, Craighead, Crittenden,
Cross, Desha, Drew, Greene, Independence, Jackson, Jefferson, Lawrence,
Lee, Lincoln, Lonoke, Mississippi, Monroe, Phillips, Poinsett, Prairie,
Pulaski, Randolph, St. Francis, White, and Woodruff Counties.
West Zone: Baxter, Benton, Boone, Carroll, Cleburne, Conway,
Crawford, Faulkner, Franklin, Fulton, Izard, Johnson, Madison, Marion,
Newton, Pope, Searcy, Sharp, Stone, Van Buren, and Washington Counties,
and those portions of Logan, Perry, Sebastian, and Yell Counties lying
north of a line extending east from the Oklahoma border along State
Highway 10 to Perry, south on State 9 to State 60, then east on State
60 to the Faulkner County line.
Illinois
Same zones as for ducks, but in addition:
North Zone:
Northern Illinois Quota Zone: The Counties of McHenry, Lake, Kane,
DuPage, and those portions of LaSalle and Will Counties north of
Interstate Highway 80.
Central Zone:
Central Illinois Quota Zone: The Counties of Grundy, Woodford,
Peoria, Knox, Fulton, Tazewell, Mason, Cass, Morgan, Pike, Calhoun, and
Jersey, and those portions of LaSalle and Will Counties south of
Interstate Highway 80.
South Zone:
Southern Illinois Quota Zone: Alexander, Jackson, Union, and
Williamson Counties.
Rend Lake Quota Zone: Franklin and Jefferson Counties.
Indiana
Same zones as for ducks, but in addition:
SJBP Zone: Jasper, LaGrange, LaPorte, Starke, and Steuben Counties,
and that portion of the Jasper-Pulaski Fish and Wildlife Area in
Pulaski County.
Iowa
Same zones as for ducks.
Kentucky
Western Zone: That portion of the State west of a line beginning at
the Tennessee border at Fulton and extending north along the Purchase
Parkway to Interstate Highway 24, east along I-24 to U.S. Highway 641,
north along U.S. 641 to U.S. 60, northeast along U.S. 60 to the
Henderson County line, then south, east, and northerly along the
Henderson County line to the Indiana border.
Ballard Reporting Area: That area encompassed by a line beginning
at the northwest city limits of Wickliffe in Ballard County and
extending westward to the middle of the Mississippi River, north along
the Mississippi River and along the low-water mark of the Ohio River on
the Illinois shore to the Ballard-McCracken County line, south along
the county line to Kentucky Highway 358, south along Kentucky 358 to
U.S. Highway 60 at LaCenter; then southwest along U.S. 60 to the
northeast city limits of Wickliffe.
Henderson-Union Reporting Area: Henderson County and that portion
of Union County within the Western Zone.
Pennyroyal/Coalfield Zone: Butler, Daviess, Ohio, Simpson, and
Warren Counties and all counties lying west to the boundary of the
Western Goose Zone.
Michigan
Same zones as for ducks, but in addition:
South Zone.
Tuscola/Huron Goose Management Unit (GMU): Those portions of
Tuscola and Huron Counties bounded on the south by Michigan Highway 138
and Bay City Road, on the east by Colwood and Bay Port Roads, on the
north by Kilmanagh Road and a line extending directly west off the end
of Kilmanagh Road into Saginaw Bay to the west boundary, and on the
west by the Tuscola-Bay County line and a line extending directly north
off the end of the Tuscola-Bay County line into Saginaw Bay to the
north boundary.
Allegan County GMU: That area encompassed by a line beginning at
the junction of 136th Avenue and Interstate Highway 196 in Lake Town
Township and extending easterly along 136th Avenue to Michigan Highway
40, southerly along Michigan 40 through the city of Allegan to 108th
Avenue in Trowbridge Township, westerly along 108th Avenue to 46th
Street, northerly \1/2\ mile along 46th Street to 109th Avenue,
westerly along 109th Avenue to I-196 in Casco Township, then northerly
along I-196 to the point of beginning.
Saginaw County GMU: That portion of Saginaw County bounded by
Michigan Highway 46 on the north; Michigan 52 on the west; Michigan 57
on the south; and Michigan 13 on the east.
Muskegon Wastewater GMU: That portion of Muskegon County within the
boundaries of the Muskegon County wastewater system, east of the
Muskegon State Game Area, in sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20, 29,
30, and 32, T10N R14W, and sections 1, 2, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 24, and
25, T10N R15W, as posted.
Special Canada Goose Seasons
Southern Michigan GMU: That portion of the State, including the
Great Lakes and interconnecting waterways and excluding the Allegan
County GMU, south of a line beginning at the Ontario border at the
Bluewater Bridge in the city of Port Huron and extending westerly and
southerly along Interstate Highway 94 to I-69, westerly along I-69 to
Michigan Highway 21, westerly along Michigan 21 to I-96, northerly
along I-96 to I-196, westerly along I-196 to Lake Michigan Drive (M-45)
in Grand Rapids, westerly along Lake Michigan Drive to the Lake
Michigan shore, then directly west from the end of Lake Michigan Drive
to the Wisconsin border.
Central Michigan GMU: That portion of the South Zone north of the
Southern Michigan GMU, excluding the Tuscola/Huron GMU, Saginaw County
GMU, and Muskegon Wastewater GMU.
Minnesota
West Zone: That portion of the state encompassed by a line
beginning at the junction of State Trunk Highway (STH) 60 and the Iowa
border, then north and east along STH 60 to U.S. Highway 71, north
along U.S. 71 to Interstate Highway 94, then north and west along I-94
to the North Dakota border.
West Central Zone: That area encompassed by a line beginning at the
intersection of State Trunk Highway (STH) 29 and U.S. Highway 212 and
extending west along U.S. 212 to U.S. 59, south along U.S. 59 to STH
67, west along STH 67 to U.S. 75, north along U.S. 75 to County State
Aid Highway (CSAH) 30 in Lac qui Parle County, west
[[Page 45367]]
along CSAH 30 to County Road 70 in Lac qui Parle County, west along
County 70 to the western boundary of the State, north along the western
boundary of the State to a point due south of the intersection of STH 7
and CSAH 7 in Big Stone County, and continuing due north to said
intersection, then north along CSAH 7 to CSAH 6 in Big Stone County,
east along CSAH 6 to CSAH 21 in Big Stone County, south along CSAH 21
to CSAH 10 in Big Stone County, east along CSAH 10 to CSAH 22 in Swift
County, east along CSAH 22 to CSAH 5 in Swift County, south along CSAH
5 to U.S. 12, east along U.S. 12 to CSAH 17 in Swift County, south
along CSAH 17 to CSAH 9 in Chippewa County, south along CSAH 9 to STH
40, east along STH 40 to STH 29, then south along STH 29 to the point
of beginning.
Lac qui Parle Zone: That area encompassed by a line beginning at
the intersection of U.S. Highway 212 and County State Aid Highway
(CSAH) 27 in Lac qui Parle County and extending north along CSAH 27 to
CSAH 20 in Lac qui Parle County, west along CSAH 20 to State Trunk
Highway (STH) 40, north along STH 40 to STH 119, north along STH 119 to
CSAH 34 in Lac qui Parle County, west along CSAH 34 to CSAH 19 in Lac
qui Parle County, north and west along CSAH 19 to CSAH 38 in Lac qui
Parle County, west along CSAH 38 to U.S. 75, north along U.S. 75 to STH
7, east along STH 7 to CSAH 6 in Swift County, east along CSAH 6 to
County Road 65 in Swift County, south along County 65 to County 34 in
Chippewa County, south along County 34 to CSAH 12 in Chippewa County,
east along CSAH 12 to CSAH 9 in Chippewa County, south along CSAH 9 to
STH 7, southeast along STH 7 to Montevideo and along the municipal
boundary of Montevideo to U.S. 212; then west along U.S. 212 to the
point of beginning.
Northwest Zone: That portion of the state encompassed by a line
extending east from the North Dakota border along U.S. Highway 2 to
State Trunk Highway (STH) 32, north along STH 32 to STH 92, east along
STH 92 to County State Aid Highway (CSAH) 2 in Polk County, north along
CSAH 2 to CSAH 27 in Pennington County, north along CSAH 27 to STH 1,
east along STH 1 to CSAH 28 in Pennington County, north along CSAH 28
to CSAH 54 in Marshall County, north along CSAH 54 to CSAH 9 in Roseau
County, north along CSAH 9 to STH 11, west along STH 11 to STH 310, and
north along STH 310 to the Manitoba border.
Northeast Zone: That portion of the state encompassed by the
following boundary: Beginning on State Trunk Highway (STH) 72 at the
northern boundary of the state, thence along STH 72 to the Tamarac
River in Beltrami County, thence along the southerly shore of the
Tamarac River to Upper Red Lake, thence along the easterly and
southerly shores of Upper Red Lake to the easterly boundary of the Red
Lake Indian Reservation, thence along the easterly boundary of said
Reservation to STH 1, thence along STH 1 to STH 72, thence along STH 72
to U.S. Highway 71, thence along U.S. 71 to County State Aid Highway
(CSAH) 39 in Beltrami County, thence along CSAH 39 to CSAH 20, thence
along CSAH 20 to CSAH 53, thence along CSAH 53 to CSAH 12, thence along
CSAH 12 to CSAH 51, thence along CSAH 51 to CSAH 8, thence along CSAH 8
to CSAH 25, thence along CSAH 25 to CSAH 4, thence along CSAH 4 to CSAH
46, thence along CSAH 46 to U.S. Highway 2, thence along U.S. 2 to CSAH
45, thence along CSAH 45 to CSAH 9, thence along CSAH 9 to CSAH 69,
thence along CSAH 69 to CSAH 5, thence along CSAH 5 to CSAH 39, thence
along CSAH 39 to County Road (CR) 94, thence along CR 94 to CSAH 31,
thence along CSAH 31 to STH 200, thence along STH 200 to STH 371,
thence along STH 371 to STH 84, thence along STH 84 to CSAH 2, thence
along CSAH 2 to CSAH 1, thence along CSAH 1 to STH 6, thence along STH
6 to STH 18, thence along STH 18 to U.S. Highway 169, thence due east
to the west shore of Mille Lacs Lake, thence along the westerly and
southerly shores of said lake to a point due north of the junction of
U.S. 169 and STH 27, thence due south to said junction, thence along
U.S. 169 to STH 23, thence along STH 23 to STH 65, thence along STH 65
to STH 70, thence along STH 70 to the east boundary of the state,
thence along the easterly and northerly boundaries of the state to the
point of beginning.
Special Canada Goose Seasons
Fergus Falls/Alexandria Zone: That area encompassed by a line
beginning at the intersection of State Trunk Highway (STH) 55 and STH
28 and extending east along STH 28 to County State Aid Highway (CSAH)
33 in Pope County, north along CSAH 33 to CSAH 3 in Douglas County,
north along CSAH 3 to CSAH 69 in Otter Tail County, north along CSAH 69
to CSAH 46 in Otter Tail County, east along CSAH 46 to the eastern
boundary of Otter Tail County, north along the east boundary of Otter
Tail County to CSAH 40 in Otter Tail County, west along CSAH 40 to CSAH
75 in Otter Tail County, north along CSAH 75 to STH 210, west along STH
210 to STH 108, north along STH 108 to CSAH 1 in Otter Tail County,
west along CSAH 1 to CSAH 14 in Otter Tail County, north along CSAH 14
to CSAH 44 in Otter Tail County, west along CSAH 44 to CSAH 35 in Otter
Tail County, north along CSAH 35 to STH 108, west along STH 108 to CSAH
19 in Wilkin County, south along CSAH 19 to STH 55, then southeast
along STH 55 to the point of beginning.
Missouri
Same zones as for ducks but in addition:
North Zone.
Swan Lake Zone: That area bounded by U.S. Highway 36 on the north,
Missouri Highway 5 on the east, Missouri 240 and U.S. 65 on the south,
and U.S. 65 on the west.
Middle Zone
Schell-Osage Zone: That portion of the State encompassed by a line
extending east from the Kansas border along U.S. Highway 54 to Missouri
Highway 13, north along Missouri 13 to Missouri 7, west along Missouri
7 to U.S. 71, north along U.S. 71 to Missouri 2, then west along
Missouri 2 to the Kansas border.
Ohio
Same zones as for ducks but in addition:
North Zone.
Lake Erie SJBP Zone: That portion of the State encompassed by a
line extending south from the Michigan border along Interstate Highway
75 to I-280, south along I-280 to I-80, and east along I-80 to the
Pennsylvania border.
Tennessee
Southwest Zone: That portion of the State south of State Highways
20 and 104, and west of U.S. Highways 45 and 45W.
Northwest Zone: Lake, Obion and Weakley Counties and those portions
of Gibson and Dyer Counties not included in the Southwest Tennessee
Zone.
Kentucky/Barkley Lakes Zone: That portion of the State bounded on
the west by the eastern boundaries of the Northwest and Southwest Zones
and on the east by State Highway 13 from the Alabama border to
Clarksville and U.S. Highway 79 from Clarksville to the Kentucky
border.
Wisconsin
Horicon Zone: That area encompassed by a line beginning at the
intersection of State Highway 21 and the Fox River in Winnebago County
and extending westerly along State 21 to the west boundary of Winnebago
County, southerly along the west boundary of Winnebago County to the
north boundary of Green Lake County,
[[Page 45368]]
westerly along the north boundaries of Green Lake and Marquette
Counties to State 22, southerly along State 22 to State 33, westerly
along State 33 to U.S. Highway 16, westerly along U.S. 16 to Weyh Road,
southerly along Weyh Road to County Highway O, southerly along County O
to the west boundary of Section 31, southerly along the west boundary
of Section 31 to the Sauk/Columbia County boundary, southerly along the
Sauk/Columbia County boundary to State 33, easterly along State 33 to
Interstate Highway 90/94, southerly along I-90/94 to State 60, easterly
along State 60 to State 83, northerly along State 83 to State 175,
northerly along State 175 to State 33, easterly along State 33 to U.S.
Highway 45, northerly along U.S. 45 to the east shore of the Fond Du
Lac River, northerly along the east shore of the Fond Du Lac River to
Lake Winnebago, northerly along the western shoreline of Lake Winnebago
to the Fox River, then westerly along the Fox River to State 21.
Collins Zone: That area encompassed by a line beginning at the
intersection of Hilltop Road and Collins Marsh Road in Manitowoc County
and extending westerly along Hilltop Road to Humpty Dumpty Road,
southerly along Humpty Dumpty Road to Poplar Grove Road, easterly and
southerly along Poplar Grove Road to County Highway JJ, southeasterly
along County JJ to Collins Road, southerly along Collins Road to the
Manitowoc River, southeasterly along the Manitowoc River to Quarry
Road, northerly along Quarry Road to Einberger Road, northerly along
Einberger Road to Moschel Road, westerly along Moschel Road to Collins
Marsh Road, northerly along Collins Marsh Road to Hilltop Road.
Exterior Zone: That portion of the State not included in the
Horicon or Collins Zones.
Mississippi River Subzone: That area encompassed by a line
beginning at the intersection of the Burlington Northern Railway and
the Illinois border in Grant County and extending northerly along the
Burlington Northern Railway to the city limit of Prescott in Pierce
County, then west along the Prescott city limit to the Minnesota
border.
Rock Prairie Subzone: That area encompassed by a line beginning at
the intersection of the Illinois border and Interstate Highway 90 and
extending north along I-90 to County Highway A, east along County A to
U.S. Highway 12, southeast along U.S. 12 to State Highway 50, west
along State 50 to State 120, then south along 120 to the Illinois
border.
Brown County Subzone: That area encompassed by a line beginning at
the intersection of the Fox River with Green Bay in Brown County and
extending southerly along the Fox River to State Highway 29,
northwesterly along State 29 to the Brown County line, south, east, and
north along the Brown County line to Green Bay, due west to the
midpoint of the Green Bay Ship Channel, then southwesterly along the
Green Bay Ship Channel to the Fox River.
Central Flyway
Colorado (Central Flyway Portion)
Northern Front Range Area: All lands in Adams, Boulder, Clear
Creek, Denver, Gilpin, Jefferson, Larimer, and Weld Counties west of I-
25 from the Wyoming border south to I-70; west on I-70 to the
Continental Divide; north along the Continental Divide to the Jackson-
Larimer County Line to the Wyoming border.
South Park/San Luis Valley Area: Alamosa, Chaffee, Conejos,
Costilla, Custer, Fremont, Lake, Park, Teller, and Rio Grande Counties
and those portions of Hinsdale, Mineral, and Saguache Counties east of
the Continental Divide.
North Park Area: Jackson County.
Arkansas Valley Area: Baca, Bent, Crowley, Kiowa, Otero, and
Prowers Counties.
Pueblo County Area: Pueblo County.
Remainder: Remainder of the Central Flyway portion of Colorado.
Eastern Colorado Late Light Goose Area: That portion of the State
east of Interstate Highway 25.
Kansas
Light Geese
Unit 1: That portion of Kansas east of a line beginning at the
intersection of the Nebraska border and KS 99, extending south along KS
99 to I-70 to U.S. 75, south on U.S. 75 to U.S. 54, west on U.S. 54 to
KS 99, and then south on KS 99 to the Oklahoma border.
Unit 2: The remainder of Kansas, laying west of Unit 1.
Dark Geese
Marais des Cygnes Valley Unit: The area is bounded by the Missouri
border to KS 68, KS 68 to U.S. 169, U.S. 169 to KS 7, KS 7 to KS 31, KS
31 to U.S. 69, U.S. 69 to KS 239, KS 239 to the Missouri border.
South Flint Hills Unit: The area is bounded by highways U.S. 50 to
KS 57, KS 57 to U.S. 75, U.S. 75 to KS 39, KS 39 to KS 96, KS 96 to
U.S. 77, U.S. 77 to U.S. 50.
Central Flint Hills Unit: That area southwest of Topeka bounded by
Highways U.S. 75 to I-35, I-35 to U.S. 50, U.S. 50 to U.S. 77, U.S. 77
to I-70, I-70 to U.S. 75.
Southeast unit: That area of southeast Kansas bounded by the
Missouri border to U.S. 160, U.S. 160 to U.S. 69, U.S. 69 to KS 39, KS
39 to U.S. 169, U.S. 169 to the Oklahoma border, and the Oklahoma
border to the Missouri border.
Montana (Central Flyway Portion)
Sheridan County: Includes all of Sheridan County.
Remainder: Includes the remainder of the Central Flyway portion of
Montana.
Nebraska
Dark Geese
North Unit: Keya Paha County east of U.S. 183 and all of Boyd
County, including the boundary waters of the Niobrara River, all of
Knox County and that portion of Cedar County west of U.S. 81.
Southwest Unit: That area south and west of U.S. 281 at the Kansas/
Nebraska border, north to Gunbarrel Road (at Doniphan), east to NE 14,
north to NE 91, west to U.S. 183, south to NE 92, west to NE 61, north
to U.S. 2, west to the intersection of Garden, Grant, and Sheridan
counties, then west along the northern border of Garden, Morrill, and
Scotts Bluff counties to the Wyoming border.
Northwest Unit: That area north of the Southwest Unit and west of
U.S. 183.
East Unit: The remainder of Nebraska.
Light Geese
Rainwater Basin Light Goose Area (West): The area bounded by the
junction of U.S. 283 and U.S. 30 at Lexington, east on U.S. 30 to U.S.
281, south on U.S. 281 to NE 4, west on NE 4 to U.S. 34, continue west
on U.S. 34 to U.S. 283, then north on U.S. 283 to the beginning.
Rainwater Basin Light Goose Area (East): The area bounded by the
junction of U.S. 281 and NS 30 at Grand Island, north and east on U.S.
30 to NE 92, east on NE 92 to NE 15, south on NE 15 to NE 4, west on NE
4 to U.S. 281, north on U.S. 281 to the beginning.
Remainder of State: The remainder portion of Nebraska.
New Mexico (Central Flyway Portion)
Dark Geese.
Middle Rio Grande Valley Unit: Sierra, Socorro, and Valencia
counties.
Remainder: The remainder of the Central Flyway portion of New
Mexico.
North Dakota
Dark Geese
Missouri River Zone: That area encompassed by a line extending from
the South Dakota border north on U.S. 83 and I-94 to ND 41, north to ND
53,
[[Page 45369]]
west to U.S. 83, north to ND 23, west to ND 37, south to ND 1804, south
approximately 9 miles to Elbowoods Bay on Lake Sakakawea, south and
west across the lake to ND 8, south to ND 200, east to ND 31, south to
ND 25, south to I-94, east to ND 6, south to the South Dakota border,
and east to the point of origin.
Statewide: All of North Dakota.
South Dakota
Dark Geese
Unit 1: Statewide except for Units 2 and 3.
Power Plant Area: That portion of Grant County east of SD 15 and
north of SD 20.
Unit 2: Brule, Buffalo, Campbell, Dewey, Hughes, Hyde, Lyman,
Potter, Stanley, Sully, and Walworth Counties and that portion of
Corson County east of State Highway 65.
Unit 3: Charles Mix and Gregory Counties.
Texas
West Unit: That portion of the State laying west of a line from the
international toll bridge at Laredo; north along I-35 and I-35W to Fort
Worth; northwest along U.S. 81 and U.S. 287 to Bowie; and north along
U.S. 81 to the Oklahoma border.
East Unit: Remainder of State.
Wyoming (Central Flyway Portion)
Area 1: Converse, Hot Springs, Natrona, and Washakie Counties, and
that portion of Park County south of T58N.
Area 2: Platte County.
Area 3: Albany, Big Horn, Campbell, Crook, Fremont, Johnson,
Laramie, Niobrara, Sheridan, and Weston Counties and those portions of
Carbon County east of the Continental Divide and Park County north of
T58N.
Area 4: Goshen County.
Pacific Flyway
Arizona
GMU 22 and 23: Game Management Units 22 and 23.
Remainder of State: The remainder of Arizona.
California
Northeastern Zone: That portion of the State east and north of a
line beginning at the Oregon border; south and west along the Klamath
River to the mouth of Shovel Creek; south along Shovel Creek to Forest
Service Road 46N10; south and east along FS 46N10 to FS 45N22; west and
south along FS 45N22 to U.S. 97 at Grass Lake Summit; south and west
along U.S. 97 to I-5 at the town of Weed; south along I-5 to CA 89;
east and south along CA 89 to the junction with CA 49; east and north
on CA 49 to CA 70; east on CA 70 to U.S. 395; south and east on U.S.
395 to the Nevada border.
Colorado River Zone: Those portions of San Bernardino, Riverside,
and Imperial Counties east of a line extending from the Nevada border
south along U.S. 95 to Vidal Junction; south on a road known as
``Aqueduct Road'' in San Bernardino County through the town of Rice to
the San Bernardino-Riverside County line; south on a road known in
Riverside County as the ``Desert Center to Rice Road'' to the town of
Desert Center; east 31 miles on I-10 to the Wiley Well Road; south on
this road to Wiley Well; southeast along the Army-Milpitas Road to the
Blythe, Brawley, Davis Lake intersections; south on the Blythe-Brawley
paved road to the Ogilby and Tumco Mine Road; south on this road to
U.S. 80; east seven miles on U.S. 80 to the Andrade-Algodones Road;
south on this paved road to the Mexican border at Algodones, Mexico.
Southern Zone: That portion of southern California (but excluding
the Colorado River Zone) south and east of a line extending from the
Pacific Ocean east along the Santa Maria River to CA 166 near the City
of Santa Maria; east on CA 166 to CA 99; south on CA 99 to the crest of
the Tehachapi Mountains at Tejon Pass; east and north along the crest
of the Tehachapi Mountains to CA 178 at Walker Pass; east on CA 178 to
U.S. 395 at the town of Inyokern; south on U.S. 395 to CA 58; east on
CA 58 to I-15; east on I-15 to CA 127; north on CA 127 to the Nevada
border.
Balance-of-the-State Zone: The remainder of California not included
in the Northeastern, Southern, and the Colorado River Zones.
Del Norte and Humboldt Area: The Counties of Del Norte and
Humboldt.
Sacramento Valley Area: That area bounded by a line beginning at
Willows in Glenn County proceeding south on I-5 to Hahn Road north of
Arbuckle in Colusa County; easterly on Hahn Road and the Grimes
Arbuckle Road to Grimes on the Sacramento River; southerly on the
Sacramento River to the Tisdale Bypass to O'Banion Road; easterly on
O'Banion Road to CA 99; northerly on CA 99 to the Gridley-Colusa
Highway in Gridley in Butte County; westerly on the Gridley-Colusa
Highway to the River Road; northerly on the River Road to the Princeton
Ferry; westerly across the Sacramento River to CA 45; northerly on CA
45 to CA 162; northerly on CA 45-162 to Glenn; westerly on CA 162 to
the point of beginning in Willows.
Western Canada Goose Hunt Area: That portion of the above described
Sacramento Valley Area lying east of a line formed by Butte Creek from
the Gridley-Colusa Highway south to the Cherokee Canal; easterly along
the Cherokee Canal and North Butte Road to West Butte Road; southerly
on West Butte Road to Pass Road; easterly on Pass Road to West Butte
Road; southerly on West Butte Road to CA 20; and westerly along CA 20
to the Sacramento River.
San Joaquin Valley Area: That area bounded by a line beginning at
Modesto in Stanislaus County proceeding west on CA 132 to I-5;
southerly on I-5 to CA 152 in Merced County; easterly on CA 152 to CA
165; northerly on CA 165 to CA 99 at Merced; northerly and westerly on
CA 99 to the point of beginning.
Colorado (Pacific Flyway Portion)
West Central Area: Archuleta, Delta, Dolores, Gunnison, LaPlata,
Montezuma, Montrose, Ouray, San Juan, and San Miguel Counties and those
portions of Hinsdale, Mineral and Saguache Counties west of the
Continental Divide.
State Area: The remainder of the Pacific-Flyway Portion of
Colorado.
Idaho
Zone 1: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai,
Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone Counties.
Zone 2: The Counties of Ada; Adams; Boise; Canyon; those portions
of Elmore north and east of I-84, and south and west of I-84, west of
ID 51, except the Camas Creek drainage; Gem; Owyhee west of ID 51;
Payette; Valley; and Washington.
Zone 3: The Counties of Blaine; Camas; Cassia; those portions of
Elmore south of I-84 east of ID 51, and within the Camas Creek
drainage; Gooding; Jerome; Lincoln; Minidoka; Owyhee east of ID 51;
Power within the Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge; and Twin Falls.
Zone 4: The Counties of Bear Lake; Bingham within the Blackfoot
Reservoir drainage; Bonneville, Butte; Caribou except the Fort Hall
Indian Reservation; Clark; Custer; Franklin; Fremont; Jefferson; Lemhi;
Madison; Oneida; Power west of ID 37 and ID 39 except the Minidoka
National Wildlife Refuge; and Teton.
Zone 5: All lands and waters within the Fort Hall Indian
Reservation, including private inholdings; Bannock County; Bingham
County, except that portion within the Blackfoot Reservoir
[[Page 45370]]
drainage; and Power County east of ID 37 and ID 39.
In addition, goose frameworks are set by the following geographical
areas: Northern Unit: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho,
Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone Counties.
Southwestern Unit: That area west of the line formed by U.S. 93
north from the Nevada border to Shoshone, northerly on ID 75 (formerly
U.S. 93) to Challis, northerly on U.S. 93 to the Montana border (except
the Northern Unit and except Custer and Lemhi Counties).
Southeastern Unit: That area east of the line formed by U.S. 93
north from the Nevada border to Shoshone, northerly on ID 75 (formerly
U.S. 93) to Challis, northerly on U.S. 93 to the Montana border,
including all of Custer and Lemhi Counties.
Montana (Pacific Flyway Portion)
East of the Divide Zone: The Pacific Flyway portion of the State
located east of the Continental Divide.
West of the Divide Zone: The remainder of the Pacific Flyway
portion of Montana.
Nevada
Lincoln Clark County Zone: All of Lincoln and Clark Counties
Remainder-of-the-State Zone: The remainder of Nevada.
New Mexico (Pacific Flyway Portion)
North Zone: The Pacific Flyway portion of New Mexico located north
of I-40.
South Zone: The Pacific Flyway portion of New Mexico located south
of I-40.
Oregon
Southwest Zone: Douglas, Coos, Curry, Josephine and Jackson
Counties.
Northwest Special Permit Zone: That portion of western Oregon west
and north of a line running south from the Columbia River in Portland
along I-5 to OR 22 at Salem; then east on OR 22 to the Stayton Cutoff;
then south on the Stayton Cutoff to Stayton and due south to the
Santiam River; then west along the north shore of the Santiam River to
I-5; then south on I-5 to OR 126 at Eugene; then west on OR 126 to
Greenhill Road; then south on Greenhill Road to Crow Road; then west on
Crow Road to Territorial Hwy; then west on Territorial Hwy to OR 126;
then west on OR 126 to OR 36; then north on OR 36 to Forest Road 5070
at Brickerville; then west and south on Forest Road 5070 to OR 126;
then west on OR 126 to the Pacific Coast.
Northwest Zone: Those portions of Clackamas, Lane, Linn, Marion,
Multnomah, and Washington Counties outside of the Northwest Special
Permit Zone.
Closed Zone: Those portions of Coos, Curry, Douglas and Lane
Counties west of US 101.
Eastern Zone: Hood River, Wasco, Sherman, Gilliam, Morrow,
Umatilla, Deschutes, Jefferson, Crook, Wheeler, Grant, Baker, Union,
and Wallowa Counties.
Harney, Klamath, Lake and Malheur Counties Zone: All of Harney,
Klamath, Lake, and Malheur Counties.
Utah
Washington County Zone: All of Washington County.
Remainder-of-the-State Zone: The remainder of Utah.
Washington
Eastern Washington: All areas east of the Pacific Crest Trail and
east of the Big White Salmon River in Klickitat County.
Area 1: Lincoln, Spokane, and Walla Walla Counties; that part of
Grant County east of a line beginning at the Douglas-Lincoln County
line on WA 174, southwest on WA 174 to WA 155, south on WA 155 to US 2,
southwest on US 2 to Pinto Ridge Road, south on Pinto Ridge Road to WA
28, east on WA 28 to the Stratford Road, south on the Stratford Road to
WA 17, south on WA 17 to the Grant-Adams County line; those parts of
Adams County east of State Highway 17; those parts of Franklin County
east and south of a line beginning at the Adams-Franklin County line on
WA 17, south on WA 17 to US 395, south on US 395 to I-182, west on I-
182 to the Franklin-Benton County line; those parts of Benton County
south of I-182 and I-82; and those parts of Klickitat County east of
U.S. Highway 97.
Area 2: All of Okanongan, Douglas, and Kittitas Counties and those
parts of Grant, Adams, Franklin, and Benton Counties not included in
Eastern Washington Goose Management Area 1.
Area 3: All other parts of eastern Washington not included in
Eastern Washington Goose Management Areas 1 and 2.
Western Washington: All areas west of the East Zone.
Area 1: Skagit, Island, and Snohomish Counties.
Area 2: Clark County, except portions south of the Washougal River,
Cowlitz, Pacific, and Wahkiakum Counties, and that portion of Grays
Harbor County south of U.S. highway 12 and east of U.S. highway 101.
Area 3: All parts of western Washington not included in Western
Washington Goose Management Areas 1 and 2.
Lower Columbia River Early-Season Canada Goose Zone: Beginning at
the Washington-Oregon border on the I-5 Bridge near Vancouver,
Washington; north on I-5 to Kelso; west on Highway 4 from Kelso to
Highway 401; south and west on Highway 401 to Highway 101 at the
Astoria-Megler Bridge; west on Highway 101 to Gray Drive in the City of
Ilwaco; west on Gray Drive to Canby Road; southwest on Canby Road to
the North Jetty; southwest on the North Jetty to its end; southeast to
the Washington-Oregon border; upstream along the Washington-Oregon
border to the point of origin.
Wyoming (Pacific Flyway Portion): See State Regulations.
Bear River Area: That portion of Lincoln County described in State
regulations.
Salt River Area: That portion of Lincoln County described in State
regulations.
Eden-Farson Area: Those portions of Sweetwater and Sublette
Counties described in State regulations.
Swans
Central Flyway
South Dakota
Aurora, Beadle, Brookings, Brown, Brule, Buffalo, Campbell, Clark,
Codington, Davison, Deuel, Day, Edmunds, Faulk, Grant, Hamlin, Hand,
Hanson, Hughes, Hyde, Jerauld, Kingsbury, Lake, Marshall, McCook,
McPherson, Miner, Minnehaha, Moody, Potter, Roberts, Sanborn, Spink,
Sully, and Walworth Counties.
Pacific Flyway
Montana (Pacific Flyway Portion)
Open Area: Cascade, Chouteau, Hill, Liberty, and Toole Counties and
those portions of Pondera and Teton Counties lying east of U.S. 287-89.
Nevada
Open Area: Churchill, Lyon, and Pershing Counties.
Utah
Open Area: Those portions of Box, Elder, Weber, Davis, Salt Lake,
and Toole Counties lying south of State Hwy 30, I-80/84, west of I-15,
and north of I-80.
[FR Doc. 98-22579 Filed 8-24-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310-55-P
