[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 168 (Tuesday, August 31, 1999)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 47478-47481]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-22632]
[[Page 47478]]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 300
[FRL-6430-8]
National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan;
National Priorities List
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Notice of intent to delete Joseph Forest Products site from the
National Priorities List; request for comments.
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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 10,
announces its intent to delete the Joseph Forest Products (JFP) Site in
Wallowa County, Oregon from the National Priorities List (NPL) and
requests public comment on this proposed action. The NPL constitutes
appendix B of 40 CFR part 300 which is the National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP) which EPA promulgated
pursuant to section 105 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980, as amended. EPA and
the State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) have
determined that the Site poses no significant threat to public health
or the environment and, therefore, further remedial measures pursuant
to CERCLA are not appropriate.
DATES: Comments concerning this Site may be submitted on or before
September 30, 1999.
ADDRESSES: Comments may be mailed to Chip Humphrey, Environmental
Protection Agency, 811 SW Sixth Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204.
Comprehensive information on this Site is available through the
Region 10 public docket which is available for viewing at the JFP Site
information repositories at the following locations:
Wallowa County Planning Department, County Courthouse, Enterprise,
Oregon 97828; or
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 Office of
Environmental Cleanup--Records Center, Attn: Bob Phillips, 1200 Sixth
Avenue, Mail Stop ECL-110, Seattle, Washington 98101.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Chip Humphrey, U.S. EPA Region 10, 811
SW Sixth Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97204, (503) 326-2678.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
II. NPL Deletion Criteria
III. Deletion Procedures
IV. Basis of Intended Site Deletion
I. Introduction
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region 10 announces its
intent to delete the Joseph Forest Products Site (``Site''), located on
Russell Lane approximately \3/4\ mile northwest of the City of Joseph
in Wallowa County, Oregon, from the National Priorities List (NPL),
appendix B of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution
Contingency Plan (NCP), 40 CFR part 300, and requests comments to this
deletion. EPA identifies sites on the NPL that appear to present a
significant risk to human health or the environment. As described in
Sec. 300.425(e)(3) of the NCP, sites deleted from the NPL remain
eligible for Fund-financed remedial actions in the unlikely event that
conditions at the site warrant such actions.
EPA will accept comments on the plan to delete this Site for thirty
days after publication of this document in the Federal Register.
Section II of this document explains the criteria for deleting
sites from the NPL. Section III discusses procedures that EPA is using
for this action. Section IV discusses the JFP Site and explains how the
Site meets deletion criteria.
II. NPL Deletion Criteria
Section 300.425 (e) of the NCP provides that ``releases'' (sites)
may be deleted from, or recategorized on, the NPL where no further
response is appropriate. In making a determination to delete a site
from the NPL, EPA shall consider, in consultation with the state,
whether any of the following criteria have been met:
(i) Responsible parties or other parties have implemented all
appropriate response actions required;
(ii) All appropriate Fund-financed responses under CERCLA have been
implemented, and no further action by responsible parties is
appropriate; or
(iii) The remedial investigation has shown that the release poses
no significant threat to public health or the environment and,
therefore, taking of remedial measures is not appropriate.
Even if a site is deleted from the NPL, where hazardous substances,
pollutants or contaminants remain at the site above levels that allow
for unlimited use and unrestricted exposure, EPA's policy is that a
subsequent review of the site will be conducted at least every five
years after the initiation of the remedial action at the site to ensure
that the site remains protective of public health and the environment.
The first five-year review of the Site was completed in September 1998
in accordance with section 121 (c) of SARA. EPA concluded that the
Joseph Forest Products Site remains protective of the human health and
the environment. If, however, new information becomes available that
indicates a need for further action, EPA may require remedial actions.
Whenever there is a significant release from a site deleted from the
NPL, the site may be restored to the NPL without the application of the
Hazard Ranking System.
III. Deletion Procedures
The following procedures were used for the intended deletion of
this Site: (1) EPA Region 10 issued a final close out report
documenting the achievement of cleanup goals; (2) the Oregon Department
of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) concurred with the proposed deletion
decision; (3) a notice has been published in the local newspaper and
has been distributed to appropriate federal, state, and local officials
and other interested parties announcing the commencement of a 30-day
public comment period on EPA's Notice of Intent to Delete; and (4) all
relevant documents have been made available for public review in the
local Site information repository.
Deletion of the Site from the NPL does not itself, create, alter or
revoke any individual rights or obligations. The NPL is designed
primarily for information purposes to assist EPA management. As
mentioned in section II of this document, 40 CFR 300.425(e)(3) states
that deletion of a site from the NPL does not preclude eligibility for
future Fund-financed response actions.
EPA's Regional Office will accept and evaluate public comments on
EPA's Notice of Intent to Delete before making a final decision. The
Agency will prepare a Responsiveness Summary if any significant public
comments are received.
A deletion occurs when the Regional Administrator places a final
notice in the Federal Register. Generally, the NPL will reflect
deletions in the final update following the Notice. Public notices and
copies of the Responsiveness Summary will be made available to local
residents by EPA's Regional Office in Seattle, Washington.
IV. Basis for Intended Site Deletion
The following Site summary provides the Agency's rationale for the
intention to delete this Site from the NPL.
A. Site Background
The Joseph Forest Products (JFP) Superfund Site is located on
Russell Lane about \3/4\ mile northwest of the City
[[Page 47479]]
of Joseph, in Wallowa County, Oregon. The Site is approximately 18
acres and encompasses an inactive wood-treating facility located at the
site of a former lumber mill. The property is bounded by Russell Lane
to the north, and is bordered by property owned by the Clifford C.
Hinkley Estate on the east, Sequoia Forest Products to the south, and
by the Joseph Airport to the west.
The Site is located within the City of Enterprise Watershed
Protection Area. Two developed springs, located approximately 4,000
feet north of the JFP Site, supply municipal water to the City of
Enterprise (population 2,121). The Wallowa River flows within 400 feet
of the Site at its closest point on the eastern side.
B. History
The Joseph Forest Products Site was a former wood treatment
facility which operated at this location from 1974 to 1985, using a
vacuum-pressure (retort) treatment process. JFP used a water-based
chromated copper arsenate preservative. Process wastes, including wood
chips, sludge and other materials remaining in the retort, were
periodically removed and placed in a cement pit adjacent to the east
side of the treatment building.
The treatment building and surrounding buildings were destroyed by
a fire in 1974. An estimated 200 gallons of concentrated treatment
paste and approximately 3,000 gallons of treatment solution in the
storage tank were lost. It is assumed that the material was washed onto
nearby soil during fire fighting operations. JFP did not resume
treatment operations until late 1977.
The Oregon DEQ issued JFP a Notice of Violation for unauthorized
disposal and storage of hazardous waste in 1985. JFP responded by
removing empty containers and arranging for disposal of chemical wastes
from the Site. The company filed for bankruptcy and ceased operations
in 1985. By late 1985, it had become apparent that JFP's insolvency
would prevent any further corrective actions on the part of JFP.
An EPA site inspection was conducted from September 1985 through
April 1986. Field activities during the SI included installation of
monitoring wells and collection of samples of soil, surface water, and
groundwater. Water level measurements from groundwater monitoring wells
installed at the Site indicated a moderate gradient toward to the
northeast in the shallow surficial aquifer. The principal contamination
of concern identified in the SI was elevated levels of metals,
primarily arsenic, chromium, and copper, in soils at the Site. In
addition, the SI results indicated detectable levels of total metals in
some groundwater and surface water samples. As a result of the SI and
the subsequent HRS score, the JFP Site was nominated to the NPL.
The Joseph Forest Products Site was placed on the National
Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. ICF Technology, an EPA contractor, was
issued a work assignment by EPA to conduct a remedial investigation/
feasibility study (RI/FS) of the Site in January 1990. The RI field
investigation located and characterized highly contaminated soils in
the treatment building and drip pad areas of the Site. The following
summarizes the range (low-high) of soil contaminant concentrations (mg/
kg) for the contaminants of concern from the first phase of the RI:
Phase 1 RI Soil Contaminant Concentrations
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Area Arsenic Chromium Copper
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Treatment Building.............................................. 641-104,000 412-46,100 405-33,300
Drip Pad Area................................................... 26-23,200 33-16,200 68-18,700
Storage Areas................................................... 6-661 14-781 33-825
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Based on the results of the first phase of RI activities, a removal
action was carried out by the EPA Emergency Response Contractor in
October and November 1991. EPA determined that the removal action was
necessary because the highly contaminated soils posed a threat to
groundwater. Approximately 1,068 tons of highly contaminated soils
adjacent to the treatment building and drip pad were excavated and
transported to the ESI hazardous waste disposal facility in Idaho for
disposal. Security fencing was also installed around the treatment
building to prevent access. During the excavation it was determined
that the treatment building foundation and soil beneath the building
were also contaminated, and that the contaminated material could not be
removed without demolishing the treatment building.
ICF Technology, the EPA contractor, collected and analyzed post-
removal data for soils in the drip pad area, and completed the
characterization of contamination at the treatment building, the lumber
storage areas, and lumber drying building. Although a significant
reduction in the volume of highly contaminated soil in the treatment
building/drip pad areas was achieved during the removal action in the
fall of 1991, highly contaminated soil (similar to pre-removal maximum
values) remained where the soil was not removed. The contractor also
performed quarterly monitoring of the monitor wells, on-site spring,
and City of Enterprise water supply springs. Groundwater monitoring was
performed in October 1990; January, April, and September 1991; and
April 1992. Results for the October 1990 sampling event showed that
monitoring well MW2, which is located directly downstream and adjacent
to the treatment building location, showed levels of arsenic (82 ug/l
and 168 ug/l for the sample and the sample duplicate, respectively)
above the Safe Drinking Water Act Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL).
Three on-site monitoring wells also showed total chromium levels
slightly above the MCL. Results for the other sampling events showed
very low but detectable levels of metals (below the MCL) for all of the
on-site and off-site monitoring wells. There has been no evidence of
contamination of the City of Enterprise's water supply.
The risk assessment indicated a potential risk of exposure by
ingestion of soil and groundwater under current and future use
scenarios. The greatest potential risk at the Site was due to
carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects from ingestion of contaminated
soils. Arsenic was the contaminant posing the greatest health risk.
The RI/FS were completed in September 1992. EPA issued a Proposed
Plan describing the preferred alternative for Site cleanup in August
1992.
EPA issued a ROD on September 30, 1992 which selected the following
remedy:
Excavation of contaminated surface and subsurface soil to
specified cleanup levels, demolition of the treatment building,
decontamination of the drip pad and treatment equipment, and off-site
disposal of soils and debris.
[[Page 47480]]
Excavation of abandoned Underground Storage Tanks (USTs),
decontamination of the tanks if any residuals are present, and
transport of the tanks off-site for disposal or salvage as scrap metal.
Contaminated soil would be excavated and disposed off-site.
Removal of asbestos from the abandoned wood drying
building and off-site disposal in a trench meeting regulatory
requirements for asbestos waste disposal.
Use of institutional controls such as deed restrictions,
or use of an environmental notice to ensure appropriate consideration
of Site conditions in future land use decisions.
Implement a groundwater monitoring program to verify that
contaminant levels in all wells and the City of Enterprise water supply
allow for unlimited use.
The selected remedy eliminates the principal threat posed by the
conditions at the Site by reducing the potential for human exposure to
high concentrations of metals detected in the Site soils.
Based on the nature of the cleanup and EPA's desire to complete the
remedy prior to the early summer high groundwater season, EPA decided
to complete the remedy through a Removal Action. EPA executed an
Interagency Agreement with the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to
carry out the remedy and a Final Project Work Plan was completed in
February 1993. The JFP Site Removal Action was initiated on March 31,
1993. The removal action was carried out by OHM Remediation Services
under a contract with the Corps of Engineers.
Demolition of the treatment building began on April 1, 1993. The
wooden structure was completely removed and shredded and internal tanks
were relocated to a staging area for cleaning. Contaminated pipes and
pump equipment were stockpiled for disposal. The concrete slab and sump
were broken and removed to a stockpile area.
The mixing tank, solution holding tank and retort vessel from the
treatment building were cleaned using a vacublast system. The system
used an aluminum oxide grit that was applied under pressure to the
contaminated surface and collected the contaminated grit. After
cleaning, the tanks were inspected and picked up by a local scrap
dealer for recycling. Decontamination of the drip pad was also
completed using the vacublast equipment.
Asbestos fabric removal was completed and a penetrating encapsulant
was applied to the walls of the lumber drying building by a licensed
asbestos subcontractor. The underground storage tanks were removed and
disposal was completed in accordance with state requirements.
Excavation, off-site disposal of contaminated soils and debris, and
backfilling with clean fill was completed on May 9, 1993. A total of
1,642 tons of soil and debris was disposed at the ESI hazardous waste
disposal facility and 4,801 tons of contaminated soil and debris was
disposed at the Finley Buttes special waste landfill in Oregon.
C. Characterization of Risk
Prior to cleanup, the preliminary environmental pathways of concern
were potential direct contact with contaminated soil and debris and
potential ingestion of contaminated ground water. The arsenic and
chromium contamination in the Site soils were associated with an excess
lifetime cancer risk of approximately 5 x 10 -3. The risk assessment
estimated a Hazard Index value of 82 for noncancer health effects for
the highly contaminated soil in the treatment building area. Cleanup
standards for the Site were developed based on risk-based remedial
action objectives in the ROD. EPA selected cleanup goals of 36 mg/kg
arsenic for surface soil and 336 mg/kg arsenic for subsurface (greater
than 2 ft. depth) soil. EPA selected the more stringent cleanup level
for surface soil because this is where the greatest potential for human
contact exists. It is also approximately equal to the 1 * 10 -4 risk
level assuming future residential scenarios and, although the current
zoning is for industrial use, there are residents located near the
Site. The ROD also established chromium and copper cleanup levels of
1,351 mg/kg and 10,000 mg/kg, respectively, associated with Hazard
Index of 1.
The remedial action objectives for groundwater protection were to
prevent migration of arsenic and chromium from soil resulting in
groundwater concentrations above MCLs. The MCLs are 50 ug/l for arsenic
and 100 ug/l for chromium. The soil cleanup meets the objectives for
groundwater protection by removing the source of contamination.
Confirmatory soil sampling verifies that the Site has achieved the
ROD cleanup objective, that arsenic has been removed to levels below 36
mg/kg for surface soil and 336 mg/kg for subsurface soil and that
chromium and copper have been removed to levels below 1,351 mg/kg and
10,000 mg/kg, respectively for both surface and subsurface soil. The
ROD required that the existing monitoring network of wells and springs
be sampled semi-annually for a period of two years following completion
of the remedial action. The primary purpose of the monitoring was to
verify that the City's water supply has been adequately protected. The
results from samples collected by EPA and DEQ since the cleanup was
completed have shown that none of the monitoring well locations or
springs have measured levels of metal concentrations above the MCLs for
either total or dissolved metals. The ROD also provided that monitoring
results be evaluated after two years to determine whether monitoring
should be continued. DEQ completed the final round of groundwater and
surface water sampling in 1996. EPA and DEQ subsequently determined
that the groundwater and surface water monitoring required by the ROD
has been completed and no further monitoring will be required.
All cleanup actions specified in the ROD have been implemented.
Furthermore, EPA has removed all other contamination detected to
acceptable risk levels. Confirmatory groundwater sampling and
backfilling the Site with clean soil provide further assurance that the
Site no longer poses any threats to human health or the environment.
Removal of contaminated soil and debris has eliminated direct contact
as a potential route of exposure and removed the source of ground-water
contamination.
With the implementation and completion of all remedial activities,
the Site no longer poses any threat to human health or the environment,
insuring that no further action is required. With the exception of
abandoning of monitoring wells, there are no other operation and
maintenance activities to be performed at the Site.
The ROD required institutional controls such as deed restrictions,
or use of an environmental notice to ensure appropriate consideration
of Site conditions in future land use decisions. EPA reviewed a copy of
the warranty deed to confirm that it includes the environmental notice,
and provides for EPA and DEQ access for cleanup activities, including
water sampling and testing, and monitor well abandonment. EPA believes
that the institutional controls as stated in the ROD and as implemented
are protective.
EPA conducted a five-year review of the Site in September, 1998.
The review included a visual inspection of the Site and review of the
institutional controls. EPA determined that the Site remains protective
of human health and the environment.
D. Public Participation
EPA conducted meetings and interviews with local officials and
other
[[Page 47481]]
members of the community in April 1990, and published the Community
Relations Plan for the Site in June 1990. EPA also established a
mailing list for distribution of fact sheets and other information
updating Site activities. An information repository, which included the
administrative record for the Site, was established at the Wallowa
County Planning Department to make information about the Site available
for public review. EPA attended Enterprise City Council meetings during
the investigation and cleanup to provide updates on planning and
construction activities.
A public comment period was held from August 17, 1992 to September
16, 1992 on EPA's proposed remedial action and other alternatives. No
comments were received and no public hearings were requested.
A copy of the Deletion Docket can be reviewed by the public at the
Wallowa County Planning Department, or the EPA Region 10 Superfund
Records Center. The Deletion Docket includes this Notice, the Removal
Action Memos, the ROD, Remedial Action Construction Report, and Final
Site Close-Out Report. EPA Region 10 will also announce the
availability of the Deletion Docket for public review in a local
newspaper and informational fact sheet.
One of the three criteria for deletion specifies that EPA may
delete a site from the NPL if ``all appropriate Fund-financed responses
under CERCLA have been implemented, and no further action by
responsible parties is appropriate.'' EPA, with the concurrence of
ODEQ, believes that this criterion for deletion has been met. Soil and
groundwater data from the Site confirm that the ROD cleanup goals have
been achieved. There is no significant threat to human health or the
environment and, therefore, no further remedial action is necessary.
Consequently, EPA is proposing deletion of this Site from the NPL.
Documents supporting this action are available in the docket at the
information repositories.
Dated: August 24, 1999.
Charles E. Findley,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 10.
[FR Doc. 99-22632 Filed 8-30-99; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
