[Federal Register Volume 62, Number 171 (Thursday, September 4, 1997)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 46804-46857]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 97-22364]
[[Page 46803]]
_______________________________________________________________________
Part II
Environmental Protection Agency
_______________________________________________________________________
40 FR Part 63
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Polyether
Polyols Production; Proposed Rule
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 171 / Thursday, September 4, 1997 /
Proposed Rules
[[Page 46804]]
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 63
[AD-FRL-5879-7]
RIN 2060-AE81
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for
Polyether Polyols Production
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rules and notice of public hearing.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The proposed rule will reduce emissions of hazardous air
pollutants (HAP) from existing and new facilities that manufacture
polyether polyols and are located at major source plant sites.
Polyether polyols are used to make a variety of products. Urethane
grade polyether polyols are used as raw material in the production of
polyurethanes, including slabstock and molded flexible foams, rigid
foams, and other polyurethanes including microcellular products,
surface coatings, elastomers, fibers, adhesives, and sealants.
Nonurethane polyether polyols are used as surfactants, lubricants,
degreasing agents, hydraulic fluids, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
In the production of these polyols, HAP are used primarily as
reactants or extraction solvents. The HAP emitted by the facilities
covered by this proposed rule include ethylene oxide (EO), propylene
oxide (PO), hexane, toluene, and incidental emissions of several other
HAP. Some of these pollutants are considered to be probable human
carcinogens when inhaled and all can cause toxic effects following
exposure. The proposed rule is estimated to reduce emissions of these
pollutants by 1,810 Mg/yr. Because all of the pollutants are also
volatile organic compounds (VOC), which are precursors to ambient
ozone, the proposed rule would aid in the reduction of tropospheric
ozone.
The emission reductions achieved by these standards when combined
with the emission reductions achieved by other similar standards, will
achieve the primary goal of the Clean Air Act, which is to ``enhance
the quality of the Nation's air resources so as to promote the public
health and welfare and the productive capacity of its population.'' The
intent of this rule is to protect the public by requiring the maximum
degree of reduction in emissions of HAP from new and existing major
sources, taking into consideration the cost of achieving such emission
reduction, and any non-air quality, health and environmental impacts,
and energy requirements.
DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before November 3,
1997.
Public Hearing. If anyone contacts EPA requesting to speak at a
public hearing by September 25, 1997, a public hearing will be held in
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina on October 6, 1997, beginning at
10 a.m. Persons interested in attending the hearing should call Ms.
Maria Noell at (919) 541-5607 to verify that a hearing will be held.
Request to Speak at Hearing. Persons wishing to present oral
testimony must contact EPA by September 25, 1997 by contacting Ms.
Maria Noell, Organic Chemicals Group (MD-13), U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711,
telephone number (919) 541-5607.
ADDRESSES: Comments. Comments should be submitted (in duplicate, if
possible) to the Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center
(6102), Attention: Docket No. A-96-38, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 401 M Street SW, Washington, DC 20460. The EPA requests that a
separate copy also be sent to the contact person listed under the FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. Comments and data may also be
submitted electronically by following the instructions provided in the
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section. No Confidential Business Information
(CBI) should be submitted through electronic mail.
Public Hearing. The public hearing, if requested, will be held at
the EPA's Office of Administration Auditorium, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina.
Docket. The official record for this rulemaking, as well as the
public version, has been established under Docket No. A-96-38
(including comments and data submitted electronically as described
above). A public version of this record, including printed, paper
versions of electronic comments and data, which does not include any
information claimed as CBI, is available for inspection from 8 a.m. to
4 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The official
rulemaking docket is located at the address in the ADDRESSES section
above. Alternatively, a docket index, as well as individual items
contained within the docket, may be obtained by calling (202) 260-7548.
A reasonable fee may be charged for copying.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information concerning the
proposed rule, contact Mr. David Svendsgaard at (919) 541-2380, Organic
Chemicals Group, Emission Standards Division (MD-13), U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
27711.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Electronic Filing. Electronic comments can
be sent directly to the EPA at: a-and-r-docket@epamail.epa.gov.
Electronic comments and data must be submitted as an ASCII file
avoiding the use of special characters and any form of encryption.
Comments and data will also be accepted on disks in WordPerfect 5.1 or
6.1 file format or ASCII file format. All comments and data in
electronic form must be identified by the docket number A-96-38.
Electronic comments may be filed online at many Federal Depository
Libraries.
Regulated entities. Entities potentially regulated by this action
upon promulgation are polyether polyols production facilities.
Regulated categories and entities include:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Examples of regulated
Category entities
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Industry.................................. Producers of polyether
polyols.
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This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by this
action. This table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware
could potentially be regulated by this action. Other types of entities
not listed in the table could also be regulated. To determine whether
your facility is regulated by this action, you should carefully examine
the applicability criteria in Sec. 63.1420 of the proposed rule. If you
have questions regarding the applicability of this action to a
particular entity, consult the person listed in the preceding FOR
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
In addition to its inclusion in this notice, the regulatory text is
available in Docket No. A-96-38, or from the EPA contact person
designated in this notice. The proposed regulatory language is also
available on the Technology Transfer Network (TTN) on the EPA's
electronic bulletin boards. The TTN provides information and technology
exchange in various areas of air pollution control. The service is
free, except for the cost of a telephone call. Dial (919) 541-5742 for
up to a 14,400 bps modem. For further information, call the TTN HELP
line at (919) 541-5384, from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday,
or access the TTN Web site at: http://ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov.
[[Page 46805]]
The Basis and Purpose Document, which contains the rationale for
the various components of the standard, is available in the docket and
on the TTN. This document is entitled Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions
from the Production of Polyether Polyols--Basis and Purpose Document
for Proposed Standards, May 1997, and has been assigned document number
EPA-453/R-97-003a.
Other materials related to this rulemaking are also available for
review in the docket. Some of the technical memoranda have been
compiled into a single document, the Supplementary Information Document
(SID), to allow interested parties more convenient access to the
information. The SID is entitled Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from
the Production of Polyether Polyols--Supplementary Information Document
for Proposed Standards, May 1997, and has been assigned document number
EPA-453/R-97-003c.
The information presented in this preamble is organized as follows:
I. List of Source Categories
II. A Summary of Considerations Made in Developing This Standard
III. Authority for National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants Decision Process
A. Source of Authority for NESHAP Development
B. Criteria for Development of NESHAP
IV. Summary of Proposed Standard
A. Source Category to be Regulated
B. Relationship to Other Rules
C. Pollutants to be Regulated
D. Affected Emission Points
E. Format of the Standards
F. Proposed Standards
G. Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements
V. Discussion of Major Issues
VI. Summary of Environmental, Energy, Cost and Economic Impacts
A. Facilities Affected by These NESHAP
B. Primary Air Impacts
C. Other Environmental Impacts
D. Energy Impacts
E. Cost Impacts
F. Economic Impacts
VII. Administrative Requirements
A. Public Hearing
B. Docket
C. Executive Order 12866
D. Enhancing the Intergovernmental Partnership Under Executive
Order 12875
E. Paperwork Reduction Act
F. Regulatory Flexibility Act
G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
H. Miscellaneous
I. List of Source Categories
The EPA identified a total of approximately 84 plant sites
producing polyether polyols. Of the 84 facilities, 78 are considered in
the analysis supporting this proposed rule, and are believed to be
major sources according to the 1990 Amendments criterion of having the
potential to emit 10 tons per year of any one HAP or 25 tons per year
of combined HAP. The proposed rule would apply to all major sources
that produce polyether polyols. Area sources would not be subject to
this proposed rule.
In developing the background information to support the proposed
rule, the EPA decided it was appropriate to subcategorize the source
category for purposes of analyzing the maximum achievable control
technology (MACT) floors and regulatory alternatives. The subcategories
are: Polyether polyols made from the polymerization of epoxides; and
polyether polyols made from the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran
(THF). (An ``epoxide'' is a chemical compound consisting of a three-
membered cyclic ether. Ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are the only
epoxides that are listed as HAP under section 112(b) of the Clean Air
Act.) Subcategorization was necessary due to the distinctively
different nature of the epoxide and THF processes and its effect on the
applicability of controls. One noteworthy distinction between the two
subcategories is that the first group, polyols made with epoxides, uses
a HAP as the monomer, whereas the second group does not use a HAP
monomer. Additionally, the first group performs the reaction primarily
on a batch basis, while the second group, polyols made with THF,
performs the reaction on a continuous basis. Although the level of the
proposed standard is identical for wastewater, storage vessels, and
equipment leaks, the technical analyses were conducted separately for
each subcategory to determine the appropriate level of the standard.
The Agency obtained data from facilities that make polyether
products by polymerizing a compound having multiple reactive hydrogen
atoms, resulting in the formation of a ``polyol,'' and from facilities
that make polyethers by polymerizing a compound with a single reactive
hydrogen, which forms a ``mono-ol.'' The Agency then investigated the
distinctions between the production units and the emissions controls
for products from these two groups. The Agency found no fundamental
difference between the processes, the chemistry, the emissions, or the
types of control equipment. Further, many producers use the same
process equipment to produce polyols and mono-ols, yet they generically
refer to both types of products as ``polyols.'' Therefore, for the
purposes of this regulation, the Agency intends the term ``polyether
polyols'' to represent both polyether polyols and polyether mono-ols.
II. Summary of Considerations Made in Developing This Standard
The Clean Air Act was created in part ``to protect and enhance the
quality of the Nation's air resources so as to promote the public
health and welfare and the productive capacity of its population''
(Clean Air Act, section 101(b)(1)). Available emission data, collected
during the development of these proposed National Emission Standards
for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP), show that the primary pollutants
emitted by polyether polyols production that are listed in Section
112(b)(1) are ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), hexane and
toluene and other incidental HAP. The proposed emission limits are
projected to reduce HAP emissions by 47 percent from both
subcategories. All reported HAP from polyether polyol producers are
volatile organic compounds (VOC), therefore, this regulation is
projected to reduce VOC emissions by 1,810 megagram per year (Mg/yr).
The following is a summary of the potential health effects associated
with exposure to these HAP that would be reduced by the standard.
Acute (short-term) exposure to high concentration of ethylene oxide
in air can cause nausea, vomiting, neurological disorders, and even
death. Lower concentrations may irritate the eyes, skin, and lungs.
Chronic (long-term) exposure to EO irritates the eyes, skin, and mucous
membranes and impairs central nervous system (CNS) function. Inhalation
exposure may increase miscarriage rates in workers, and animal studies
have shown adverse reproductive effects in males and females.
Developmental effects, such as malformations and decreased fetal weight
have been noted in animals. Long-term exposure to high levels of EO (c.
7000 ppm or more) may lead to cataracts in humans. Limited data exist
suggesting elevated rates of leukemia, stomach and pancreatic cancer,
and Hodgkin's disease in workers exposed to EO by inhalation; animal
studies indicate that inhalation of EO causes lung and uterine tumors.
EPA has classified EO as a Group B1 (probable) human carcinogen.
Acute exposure of workers to PO has been linked to CNS effects such
as headache, weakness, loss or coordination, and coma. Propylene oxide
also irritates the eyes and respiratory tract, causing coughing and
difficulty in breathing, possibly leading
[[Page 46806]]
to pulmonary edema and pneumonia. No adverse health effects from
chronic PO exposure in humans have been reported. Chronic animal
studies have reported neurological disorders and inflammatory lesions
of the nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs. EPA has classified PO as a
Group B2 (probable) human carcinogen on the basis of nasal tumors
observed in rodents exposed by inhalation.
Acute inhalation of toluene by humans may cause CNS effects such as
fatigue, headache, and nausea, as well as irregular heartbeat. Repeated
exposure to high concentrations may induce loss of coordination,
tremors, decreased brain size, and involuntary eye movements, and may
impair speech, hearing, and vision. Chronic exposure to toluene in
humans has also been reported to irritate the skin, eyes, and
respiratory tract, and to cause dizziness, headaches, and difficulty
with sleep. Children exposed to toluene before birth may suffer nervous
system dysfunction, attention deficits, and minor face and limb
defects. Inhalation of toluene by pregnant women may increase the risk
of spontaneous abortion. Because data are inadequate to assess
potential cancer risk the EPA has classified toluene in Group D, not
classifiable as to human carcinogenicity.
Acute exposure by humans to high levels of hexane causes mild CNS
depression and irritation of the skin and mucous membranes. Nervous
system effects include dizziness, nausea, and headaches. Chronic
exposure to hexane is associated with numbness in the extremities,
muscular weakness, blurred vision, headache, and fatigue. No
information is available on reproductive or developmental effects of
hexane exposure in humans, but inhalation studies have reported
testicular damage. Because data are inadequate to assess potential
cancer risk, the EPA has classified hexane in Group D, not classifiable
as to human carcinogenicity.
The effects of these HAP vary in severity based on the level and
length of exposure and are influenced by source-specific
characteristics such as emission rates and local meteorological
conditions. Health impacts are also dependent on multiple factors that
affect human variability such as genetics, age, health status (e.g.,
presence of pre-existing disease) and lifestyle. The EPA does not have
sufficient detailed data to conduct an intensive analysis to determine
the actual population exposures to the HAP and resulting health effects
around these facilities. This rule is technology-based; i.e., based on
maximum achievable control technology. In addition, it is not a
``significant'' rule as defined by Executive Order 12866, and a
benefits analysis is not required. Considering these factors, the EPA
chose not to expend the resources required to collect additional data
and conduct an intensive health impacts analysis. Therefore, the EPA
does not know the extent to which the adverse health effects described
above occur in the populations surrounding these facilities. However,
to the extent the adverse effects do occur, the proposed standard will
substantially reduce emissions and exposures to the level achievable
with MACT. The seriousness of risks remaining after impositions of the
final MACT standards will be examined at a later date, as provided for
under section 112(f) of the Clean Air Act.
The alternatives considered in the development of this regulation,
including those alternatives selected as standards for new and existing
polyether polyols production facilities, are based on process and
emission data received from a questionnaire sent to urethane and
nonurethane polyether polyols producing facilities, and on additional
information submitted by the Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI).
The EPA met with industry and State representatives several times to
discuss these data. In addition, facilities and State regulatory
authorities had the opportunity to comment on draft versions of the
MACT regulatory provisions, and to provide additional information.
Several facilities and States did provide comments, and these comments
were considered in preparing the proposed standard.
The proposed standards give existing facilities three years from
the date of promulgation to comply. This is the maximum amount of time
allowed under the Clean Air Act. New sources are required to comply
with the requirements of the standards upon startup. The number of
existing plants considered to be major sources, and therefore affected
by this rule, is estimated to be 78.
Included in the proposed rule are methods for determining initial
compliance, as well as monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting
requirements. All of these components are necessary to ensure that
sources will comply with the standards both initially and over time.
However, the EPA has made every effort to simplify the requirements in
the rule. The Agency has also attempted to maintain consistency with
existing regulations by either incorporating applicable text from
existing regulations or referencing existing regulations, depending on
which method would be less confusing for a given situation.
This rule introduces the concept of ``extended cookout,'' which is
a pollution prevention technique that has been employed by some
industry members as an alternative to installing traditional add-on
control devices. The EPA worked with the industry and State agency
representatives to delineate requirements for demonstrating compliance
from the use of extended cookout.
As described in the Basis and Purpose document, regulatory
alternatives were considered that included a combination of
requirements equal to, and above, the minimum level of control allowed
by the Clean Air Act (i.e., the ``floor''--see section III.B.). Cost-
effectiveness was a factor considered in evaluating options above the
floor; in cases where options more stringent than the floor were
selected, they were judged to have a reasonable cost effectiveness.
Non-air environmental and health factors, as well as energy impacts
were also considered for the proposed standards.
Representatives from other interested EPA offices and programs, as
well as representatives from State regulatory agencies, are included in
the regulatory development process. Therefore, the EPA believes that
the implications to other EPA offices and programs have been adequately
considered during the development of these standards.
III. Authority for National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants Decision Process
A. Source of Authority for NESHAP Development
Section 112 of the 1990 Amendments gives the EPA the authority to
establish national standards to reduce air emissions from sources that
emit one or more HAP. Section 112(b) contains a list of HAP to be
regulated by NESHAP. Section 112(c)directs the EPA to use this
pollutant list to develop and publish a list of source categories for
which NESHAP will be developed. The EPA must list all known source
categories and subcategories of ``major sources'' (defined below) that
emit one or more of the listed HAP. A major source is defined in
section 112(a) as any stationary source or group of stationary sources
located within a contiguous area and under common control that emits or
has the potential to emit in the aggregate, considering controls, 10
tons per year or more of any one HAP or 25 tons per year or more of any
combination of HAP. This list of source categories was published in the
Federal
[[Page 46807]]
Register on July 16, 1992 (57 FR 31576) and included polyether polyols.
B. Criteria for Development of NESHAP
The NESHAP are to be developed to control HAP emissions from both
new and existing sources according to the statutory directives set out
in section 112(d) of the 1990 Amendments. The statute requires the
standards to reflect the maximum degree of reduction in emissions of
HAP that is achievable for new or existing sources. This control level
is referred to as the MACT.
The MACT ``floor'' is the least stringent level allowed for MACT
standards. For new sources, the standards for a source category or
subcategory ``shall not be less stringent than the emission control
that is achieved in practice by the best controlled similar source, as
determined by the Administrator'' (section 112(d)(3)). Existing source
standards shall be no less stringent than the average emission
limitation achieved by the best performing 12 percent of the existing
sources for categories and subcategories with 30 or more sources or the
average emission limitation achieved by the best performing five
sources for categories or subcategories with fewer than 30 sources
(section 112(d)(3)). These two minimum levels of control define the
MACT floor for new and existing sources. When the selection of MACT
considers control levels more stringent than the MACT floor described
above, its selection must reflect consideration of the cost of
achieving the emission reduction, any non-air quality, health, and
environmental impacts, and energy requirements.
IV. Summary of Proposed Standards
This section provides a summary of the proposed regulation. The
full regulatory text is printed in today's notice and is also available
in Docket No. A-96-38, directly from the EPA, or from the Technology
Transfer Network (TTN) on the EPA's electronic bulletin boards. More
information on how to obtain a copy of the proposed regulation is
provided at the beginning of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of
this document.
A. Source Category To Be Regulated
These proposed standards would regulate HAP emissions from
polyether polyols manufacturing process units (PMPU) provided that a
PMPU is a major source or is located at a plant site that is a major
source. Polyether polyols are defined as the products formed by the
reaction of ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO), or other cyclic
ethers with compounds having one or more reactive hydrogens (i.e., a
hydrogen atom bonded to nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, phosphorous, etc.).
This definition excludes materials regulated as glycols or glycol
ethers under the Hazardous Organic NESHAP (HON). For the proposed rule,
an affected source is defined as each group of one or more PMPU, that
is manufacturing polyether polyols and that is located at a plant site
that is a major source.
If a plant site with an existing affected source producing a
polyether polyol as its primary product constructs a new PMPU also
producing a polyether polyol as its primary product, the new PMPU is a
new affected source if the new PMPU has the potential to emit more than
10 tons per year of a single HAP, or 25 tons per year of all HAP. In
this situation, the plant site would have an existing affected source
and a new source. Each subsequent new PMPU with potential HAP emissions
above the levels cited above would be a separate new affected source.
New affected sources are also created when a PMPU is constructed at
a major source plant site where the polyether polyol product was not
previously produced (with no consideration of the potential HAP
emissions from the PMPU). Another instance where a new affected source
is created is if a new PMPU is constructed at a new plant site (i.e.,
green field site) that will be a major source. The final manner in
which a new affected source is created is when an existing affected
source undergoes reconstruction, thus making the previous existing
source subject to new source standards.
B. Relationship to Other Rules
Sources subject to the proposed rule are also subject to other
existing rules. In some cases, the proposed rule supersedes existing
rules and affected sources are no longer required to comply with the
existing rule. In other cases, there is no conflict between the
existing rule and the proposed rule, and in these cases, the affected
source must comply with both rules.
Sources subject to the proposed rule may have storage vessels
subject to the NSPS for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (40 CFR
part 60, subpart Kb). After the compliance date for this rule, such
storage vessels are only subject to this rule and are no longer
required to comply with subpart Kb.
Sources subject to the proposed rule may have cooling towers
subject to the NESHAP for Industrial Cooling Towers (40 CFR part 63,
subpart Q). There is no conflict between the requirements of subpart Q
and the proposed rule. Therefore, sources subject to both rules must
comply with both rules.
C. Pollutants To Be Regulated
The source categories covered by the proposed rule emit a variety
of HAP. The most significant emissions are of the following HAP: EO,
PO, hexane, and toluene. These proposed standards would regulate
emissions of these compounds, as well as all other organic HAP that are
emitted during the production of polyether polyols.
D. Affected Emission Points
Emissions from the following types of emission points (i.e.,
emission source types) are being covered by the proposed rule: Storage
vessels, process vents, equipment leaks, and wastewater operations.
E. Format of the Standards
As discussed in more detail in Section IV.F, the proposed
standards, the HON (subparts F, G, and H of 40 CFR part 63) and the
Group I Polymers and Resins NESHAP (subpart U of 40 CFR part 63)
provided a basis for selection of the proposed formats. In most
instances, the format of these proposed standards is the same as those
found in the HON and/or the Group I Polymers and Resins NESHAP. The
following paragraphs summarize the selected formats, including those
that are different from the HON and/or the Group I Polymers and Resins
NESHAP. The formats and their basis for selection are discussed in more
detail in the Basis and Purpose Document for this proposed regulation.
For storage vessels for both subcategories, the format of these
proposed standards is dependent on the method selected to comply with
the standards. If tank improvements (e.g., internal or external
floating roofs with proper seals and fittings) are selected, the format
is a combination of design, equipment, work practice, and operational
standards. If a closed vent system and combustion, recovery, or
recapture device are selected, the format is a combination of design
and equipment standards.
For process vents that make polyether polyols using epoxides or
THF, the format of these proposed standards is a percent aggregate
emission reduction.
For equipment leaks from both subcategories, these proposed
standards incorporate several formats: Equipment, design, lowest
allowable performance levels (e.g., maximum allowable percent leaking
valves), work practices, and operational practices. Different formats
are necessary for different types of equipment, available control
techniques, and applicability of the
[[Page 46808]]
measurement method. In addition, a work practice standard is adopted
for equipment leaks resulting in the emission of HAP from cooling
towers at all facilities producing polyether polyols. This standard
requires the leak detection and repair of leaks of HAP into cooling
tower water.
For wastewater streams requiring control from both subcategories of
the source category, these proposed standards incorporate several
formats: Equipment, operational, work practice, and emission standards.
The particular format selected depends on which portion of the
wastewater stream is involved. For transport and handling equipment,
the selected format is a combination of equipment standards and work
practices. For the reduction of HAP from the wastewater stream itself,
several alternative formats are incorporated, including five
alternative numerical emission limit formats (overall percent reduction
for total organic HAP, individual HAP percent reduction, effluent
concentration limit for total organic HAP, individual organic HAP
effluent concentration limits, and mass removal for HAP) and equipment
design and operation standard for a steam stripper. For vapor recovery
and destruction devices other than flares, the format is a weight
percent reduction. For flares, the format is a combination of equipment
and operating specifications.
F. Proposed Standards
The standards being proposed for the following emission sources at
new and existing facilities have the same applicability (i.e., group
determination criteria) and control requirements as those promulgated
for the corresponding emission source types at existing sources subject
to the HON (Subpart F for general requirements, Subpart G for process
vents, wastewater and storage vessels, and subpart H for equipment
leaks): storage vessels; process vents from polyether polyol production
with THF; process vents from continuous unit operations that emit
nonepoxide HAP while making or modifying the polyol; equipment leaks,
and wastewater. The requirements for process vents that emit nonepoxide
HAP from making or modifying the product are based on the process vent
sections of subpart G (for vents from continuous unit operations) and
subpart U (for vents from batch unit operations), except that the Group
1/Group 2 criteria are applied to the combination of process vents
associated with the use of nonepoxide HAP to make or modify the
product, rather than on individual vents. The process vent provisions
for epoxide emission and nonepoxide HAP emissions from catalyst
extraction require a specified emission reduction for the combination
of all process vent streams at an affected source.
Tables 1 and 2 summarize the level of control being proposed for
new and existing sources, respectively. Where the applicability
criteria and required level of control is the same as the HON, this is
indicated in the table as ``HON.'' When the table lists ``epoxides'' it
is referring to EO and PO, the HAP monomers used in the polyether
polyols process. ``Nonepoxide HAP'' refers to organic HAP other than EO
and PO that are used in this process. The following sections describe
these proposed standards in more detail, by emission source type. The
rationale for the selection of the proposed standards is contained in
the Basis and Purpose Document. The Basis and Purpose Document is
available as described in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this
Preamble.
Table 1.--Summary of Level of Proposed Standards for Existing Sources
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(5)Emission sources
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source, category,
(2) Waste Equip;
subcategory Storage
(2)Process vents a water leaks
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Polyether Polyols made with THF HON............
(2) The Group 1/Group 2 HON............ HON..............
criteria are from Sec.
63.115(d)(1) or (d)(2), and
(d)(3) of subpart G. If the
collection of vents is Group
1, the control requirement is
98% emission reduction
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Epoxides Nonepoxide HAP in making or Nonepoxide HAP in
modifying the product catalyst
extraction
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyether Polyols made with HON............ 98 percent For process vents from batch 90 percent HON........... HON
Epoxides. aggregate unit operations, the Group 1/ aggregate
emission Group 2 criteria are from 40 emission
reduction. CFR 63 Subpart U. If the reduction.
collection of vents is Group 1,
the control requirement is a 90
percent aggregate emission
reduction.
For process vents from
continuous unit operations, the
Group 1/Group 2 criteria are
from Sec. 63.115(d)(1) or
(d)(2), and (d)(3) of subpart
G. If the collection of vents
is Group 1, the control
requirement is a 98 percent
aggregate emission reduction.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a For Group1/Group 2 determination, the appropriate criteria are applied to the combination of all applicable process vents and not to individual
process vents.
Table 2.--Summary of Level of Proposed Standards for New Sources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(5)Emission sources
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source, category,
(2) Waste Equip;
subcategory Storage
(2)Process vents a water leaks
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyether Polyols made with THF HON............
(2) The Group 1/Group 2 HON............ HON..............
criteria are from Sec.
63.115(d)(1) or (d)(2), and
(d)(3) of subpart G. If the
collection of vents is Group
1, the control requirement is
98% emission reduction
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 46809]]
Epoxides Nonepoxide HAP in making or Nonepoxide HAP in
modifying the product catalyst
extraction
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Polyether Polyols made with HON............ 99.9 percent For process vents from batch 98 percent HON........... HON
Epoxides. aggregate unit operations, the Group 1/ aggregate
emission Group 2 criteria are from 40 emission
reduction. CFR 63 Subpart U. If the reduction.
collection of vents is Group 1,
the control requirement is a 90
percent aggregate emission
reduction.
For process vents from
continuous unit operations, the
Group 1/Group 2 criteria are
from Sec. 63.115(d)(1) or
(d)(2), and (d)(3) of subpart
G. If the collection of vents
is Group 1, the control
requirement is a 98 percent
aggregate emission reduction.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a For Group1/Group 2 determination, the appropriate criteria are applied to the combination of all applicable process vents and not to individual
process vents.
1. Storage Vessels
For polyether polyols made with either epoxides or THF, the storage
vessel requirements at new and existing affected sources are identical
to the HON storage vessel requirements in subpart G for existing
sources. For this proposed rule ``storage vessel'' is a tank or other
vessel that is associated with a PMPU and that stores a liquid
containing one or more organic HAP. The proposed rule specifies
assignment procedures for determining whether a storage vessel is
associated with a polyether polyols process unit. The storage vessel
provisions do not apply to the following (1) vessels permanently
attached to motor vehicles, (2) pressure vessels designed to operate in
excess of 204.9 kPa (29.7 psia), (3) vessels with capacities smaller
than 38 m\3\ (10,000 gal), (4) wastewater tanks, and (5) vessels
storing liquids that contain HAP only as impurities. An impurity is
produced coincidentally with another chemical substance and is
processed, used, or distributed with it. The owner or operator must
determine if the storage vessel is Group 1 or Group 2; Group 1 storage
vessels require control while Group 2 do not. The criteria for
determining whether a storage vessel is Group 1 or Group 2 are shown in
Table 3, and are the same as the HON criteria for existing sources.
Table 3.--Group 1 Storage Vessel Criteria
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vessel capacity (cubic meters) Vapor pressurea (kPa)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Existing and new sources:
75<><151.........................>=13.1
151>=capacity............................ >=5.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Maximum true vapor pressure of total HAP at average storage
temperature.
The storage provisions require that one of the following control
systems be applied to Group 1 storage vessels: (1) An internal floating
roof with proper seals and fittings; (2) an external floating roof with
proper seals and fittings; (3) an external floating roof converted to
an internal floating roof with proper seals and fittings; or (4) a
closed vent system with a 95 percent efficient combustion, recovery, or
recapture device. The storage provisions give details on the types of
seals and fittings required. Monitoring and compliance provisions
include periodic visual inspections of vessels, roof seals, and
fittings, as well as internal inspections. If a closed vent system and
combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used, the owner or
operator must establish appropriate monitoring procedures. Reports and
records of inspections, repairs, and other information necessary to
determine compliance are also required by the storage provisions.
2. Process Vents
There are separate process vent provisions in the proposed rule for
the two polyether polyol subcategories. These requirements are
discussed in the following sections.
a. Control requirements. i. Polyether polyols that use epoxides as
a reactant. For the polyols that use epoxides, the process vent
provisions are separated into three groups, which are based on the
function of the organic HAP in the production process. These groups are
(1) EO and PO (i.e., epoxide) emissions resulting from the use of these
chemicals as reactants; (2) emissions of organic HAP other than EO or
PO (i.e., ``nonepoxide HAP'') from their use in making or modifying the
polyether polyol product; and (3) emissions of nonepoxide HAP from
their use in catalyst extraction.
Requirements for Epoxide Emissions. The process vent provisions for
epoxide emissions require the owner or operator of existing sources
using epoxides to reduce the aggregate total epoxide process vent
emissions by 98 weight-percent, and by 99.9 weight-percent for new
sources. In the determination of the control efficiency, uncontrolled
emissions are measured at the outlet of the unit operation, and
controlled emissions at the outlet of the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device. Primary condensers operating as reflux condensers are
considered part of the unit operation and not a recovery device.
In addition to achieving the 98 (or 99.9) percent reduction using a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device, the proposed rule also
allows the use of ``extended cook-out'' as a means of reducing
emissions by the required percentage. This pollution prevention
technique reduces emissions by extending the time of reaction, thus
leaving less unreacted epoxides to be emitted downstream.
If a combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used to reduce
epoxide emissions, an owner or operator can comply by demonstrating
that each outlet stream after the control option has a concentration of
20 ppmv epoxide for existing sources. This is considered to be
equivalent to demonstrating a 98 percent control efficiency from a
combustion, recovery or recapture device.
As an alternative to the 98 percent emission reduction, owners or
operators of existing sources can maintain a epoxide emission factor
from the PMPU of no more than 1.7 X 10-2 kilograms of
epoxide emissions per megagram of product made (kg/Mg). The
corresponding emission factor for new sources is 4.4 X 10-3
kg/Mg. Compliance with this alternative
[[Page 46810]]
limitation will be achieved by developing and following an epoxide
annual emissions plan, which must include provisions for the monitoring
of the process and any combustion, recovery, or recapture device
parameters to demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission
limitation.
Requirements for nonepoxide HAP emissions from catalyst extraction.
The process vent provisions require the owner or operator of existing
sources using epoxides to reduce the aggregate total nonepoxide organic
HAP emissions by 90 weight-percent from process vents associated with
catalyst extraction at existing sources. For new sources the
requirement is a reduction in these emissions of 98 weight-percent.
This provision only applies if a nonepoxide organic HAP is used in the
catalyst extraction process. As with the epoxide provisions,
uncontrolled emissions are measured at the outlet of the unit
operation, and controlled emissions at the outlet of the combustion,
recovery, or recapture device. Primary condensers operating as reflux
condensers are considered part of the unit operation and not a recovery
device.
Requirements for nonepoxide HAP used to make or alter the product.
There are separate provisions for batch and continuous processes for
process vents associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP to make
or alter the product. The approach for vents from both batch and
continuous unit operations is to determine if the collection of process
vents in each PMPU that are associated with the use of nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or alter the product is Group 1 or Group 2. If the
combination of vents is determined to be Group 1, the aggregate
nonepoxide organic HAP emissions are required to be reduced by 90
percent for batch processes and 98 percent for continuous processes.
These requirements are the same for new and existing sources.
For vents from batch unit operations, the Group 1 criteria are the
same as the criteria in the Group 1 Polymers and Resins rule, except
that these criteria are applied to the combination of all vents for
this proposed polyether polyol rule, and the criteria are applied to
individual vents in the Polymers and Resins rule. The Group status is
determined by calculating the annual emissions from all the applicable
vents, and using these emissions to calculate a ``cut-off'' flow rate.
This cutoff flow rate is then compared to the actual combined annual
average flow rate for all the vents. If the actual annual average flow
rate is less than the cutoff flow rate, the group of vents is Group 1,
and must be controlled by 90 percent.
For continuous vents, the HON Group 1 criteria are used, except
that they are again applied to the aggregated vent streams. The group
of vents are Group 1 if they have a combined flow rate greater than or
equal to 0.005 standard cubic meters per minute, a combined HAP
concentration greater than or equal to 50 parts per million by volume
(ppmv), and a total resource effectiveness index value (TRE) less than
or equal to 1.0.
There is one notable difference in the provisions for nonepoxide
HAP emissions from making or altering the product for continuous
processes and the other continuous process vent provisions in the
proposed rule for epoxide processes (i.e., Epoxide emission
requirements and nonepoxide HAP emissions from catalyst extraction).
For the nonepoxide HAP emissions from making or altering the product,
the TRE of the combined vent streams is calculated after the final
recovery device. Therefore, the recovery device may be used to reduce
emissions so that the TRE is increased and the combined stream is Group
2, but the recovery device may not be used to achieve the required
percentage reduction for the combination of vents that are Group 1.
Monitoring is required for those Group 2 continuous process vent
streams whose combined stream characteristics result in a TRE index
value between 1.0 and 4.0, to ensure that the combination of those
streams do not become Group 1, which would then require control.
For either batch or continuous processes, the owner or operator can
make the Group 1/Group 2 determination, or the owner or operator can
elect to comply directly with the control requirements. As noted above,
the TRE index value is determined after the final recovery device in
the process or prior to venting to the atmosphere. The TRE calculation
involves an emissions test or engineering assessment and use of the TRE
equations in Sec. 63.115 of subpart G.
ii. Polyether polyols that use THF as a reactant. The proposed rule
directly references the HON process vent provisions in subpart G for
polyether polyols processes that use THF as a reactant. These
provisions require a Group 1/Group 2 determination (on an individual
vent basis), and the control of Group 1 process vent streams by 98
percent or the use of a flare.
b. Monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping provisions for process
vents. Monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping provisions necessary to
demonstrate compliance are also included in the process vent
provisions. Compliance with the monitoring provisions is based on
parametric monitoring of the combustion, recovery, or recapture device,
or monitoring of the process parameters if extended cook-out is used to
control epoxide emissions. Daily monitoring parameters are recorded to
determine compliance.
3. Wastewater Operations
For both polyether polyol subcategories the proposed wastewater
provisions are identical to the wastewater provisions in subparts F and
G. The proposed rule applies to any HAP-containing water, raw material,
intermediate, product, co-product, or waste material that exits any
polyether polyols production process unit equipment and has either (1)
a total organic HAP concentration of 5 ppmw or greater and a flow rate
of 0.02 liters per minute (lpm) or greater; or (2) a total organic HAP
concentration of 10,000 parts per million by weight (ppmw) or greater
at any flow rate. ``Wastewater,'' as defined in Sec. 63.101 of subpart
F, encompasses both maintenance wastewater and process wastewater. The
process wastewater provisions also apply to HAP-containing residuals
that are generated from the management and treatment of Group 1
wastewater streams. Examples of process wastewater streams include, but
are not limited to, wastewater streams exiting process unit equipment
(e.g., condenser stream decanter water), feed tank drawdown, vessel
washout/cleaning that is part of the routine batch cycle, and residuals
recovered from waste management units. Examples of maintenance
wastewater streams are those generated by descaling of heat exchanger
tube bundles, cleaning of distillation column traps, and draining of
pumps into an individual drain system.
a. Maintenance wastewater. For maintenance wastewater, the proposed
rule incorporates the requirements of Sec. 63.105 of subpart F for
maintenance wastewater. This requires owners or operators to prepare a
description of procedures that will be used to manage HAP-containing
wastewater created during maintenance activities, and to implement
these procedures.
b. Process wastewater. The Group 1/Group 2 approach from the HON is
also used for these proposed wastewater provisions, with Group 1
process wastewater streams requiring control and Group 2 process
wastewater streams not requiring control. For existing and new sources,
a Group 1 wastewater
[[Page 46811]]
stream is one with an average flow rate greater than or equal to 10 lpm
and a total organic HAP average concentration greater than or equal to
1,000 ppmw.
An owner or operator may determine the organic HAP concentration
and flow rate of wastewater stream either (1) at the point of
determination; or (2) downstream of the point of determination. If
wastewater stream characteristics are determined downstream of the
point of determination, an owner or operator must make corrections for
(1) losses by air emissions; (2) reduction of organic HAP concentration
or changes in flow rate by mixing with other water or wastewater
streams; and (3) reduction in flow rate or organic HAP concentration by
treating or otherwise handling the wastewater stream to remove or
destroy HAP. An owner or operator can determine the flow rate and
organic HAP concentration for the point of determination by (1)
sampling; (2) using engineering knowledge; or (3) using pilot-scale or
bench-scale test data. Both the applicability determination and the
Group 1/Group 2 determination must reflect the wastewater
characteristics before losses due to volatilization, a concentration
differential due to dilution, or a change in organic HAP concentration
or flow rate due to treatment.
There are instances where an owner or operator can bypass the group
determination. An owner or operator is allowed to designate a
wastewater stream or mixture of wastewater streams to be a Group 1
wastewater stream without actually determining the flow rate and
organic HAP concentration for the point of determination. Using this
option, an owner or operator can simply declare that a wastewater
stream or mixture of wastewater streams is a Group 1 wastewater stream
and that the emissions from the stream(s) are controlled from the point
of determination through treatment. An owner or operator is required to
determine the wastewater stream characteristics (i.e., organic HAP
concentration and flow rate) for the designated Group 1 wastewater
stream in order to establish the treatment requirements in Sec. 63.138.
Also, an owner or operator who elects to use the process unit
alternative in Sec. 63.138(d) of subpart G or the 95-percent biological
treatment option in section 63.138(e) of subpart G is not required to
make a Group 1/Group 2 determination.
Controls must be applied to Group 1 wastewater streams, unless the
source complies with the source-wide mass flow rate provisions of
Secs. 63.138(c)(5) or (c)(6) of subpart G; or implements process
changes that reduce emission as specified in Sec. 63.138(c)(7) of
subpart G. Control requirements include (1) suppressing emissions from
the point of determination to the treatment device; (2) recycling the
wastewater stream or treating the wastewater stream to the required Fr
values for each organic HAP as listed in table 9 of subpart G (The
required Fr values in table 9 of subpart G are ``fraction removed'' (or
removal efficiency) based on a steam stripper, with specified operating
parameters, as the control technology); (3) recycling any residuals or
treating any residuals to destroy the total combined HAP mass flow rate
by 99 percent or more; and (4) controlling the air emissions generated
by treatment processes. While emission controls are not required for
Group 2 wastewater streams, owners or operators may opt to include them
in management and treatment options.
Suppression of emissions from the point of determination to the
treatment device will be achieved by using covers and enclosures and
closed-vent systems to collect organic HAP vapors from the wastewater
and convey them to treatment devices. Air emissions routed through
closed-vent systems from covers, enclosures, and treatment processes
must be reduced by 95 percent for combustion or recovery devices; or to
a level of 20 ppmv for combustion devices.
The treatment requirements are designed to reduce the organic HAP
content in the wastewater prior to placement in units without air
emissions controls, and thus to reduce the HAP emissions to the
atmosphere. Section G of the preamble provides several compliance
options, including percent reduction, effluent concentration
limitations, and mass removal.
For demonstrating compliance with the various requirements, owners
or operators have a choice of using a specified design, conducting
performance tests, or documenting engineering calculations. Appropriate
compliance, monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping provisions are
included in the regulation.
4. Equipment Leaks
The equipment leak provisions in the proposed rule refer directly
to the requirements contained in subpart H. The standards would apply
to equipment in organic HAP service 300 or more hours per year that is
associated with a PMPU, including valves, pumps, connectors,
compressors, pressure relief devices, open-ended valves or lines,
sampling connection systems, instrumentation systems, surge control
vessels, bottoms receivers, and agitators. The provisions also apply to
closed-vent systems and combustion, recovery, or recapture devices used
to control emissions from any of the listed equipment.
a. Pumps and valves. This proposed standard requires leak detection
and repair (LDAR) for pumps in light liquid service and for valves in
gas or light liquid service. Standards for both are implemented in
three phases. The first and second phases for both types of equipment
consist of an LDAR program, with lower leak definitions in the second
phase. The LDAR program involves a periodic check for organic vapor
leaks with a portable instrument; if leaks are found, they must be
repaired within a certain period of time. In the third phase, the
periodic monitoring (a work practice standard) is combined with a
performance requirement for an allowable percent leaking components.
The standard requires monthly monitoring of pumps using an
instrument and weekly visual inspections for indications of leaks. In
the first two phases of the valve standard, quarterly monitoring is
required. In phase three, semiannual or annual monitoring may be used
by process units with less than 1 percent and less than 0.5 percent
leaking valves, respectively.
In phase three, if the base performance levels for a type of
equipment are not achieved, owners or operators must, in the case of
pumps, enter into a quality improvement program (QIP), and in the case
of valves may either enter into a QIP or implement monthly LDAR. The
QIP is a concept that enables plants exceeding the base performance
levels to eventually achieve the desired levels without incurring
penalty or being in a noncompliance status. As long as the requirements
of the QIP are met, the plant is in compliance. The basic QIP consists
of information gathering, determining superior performing technologies,
and replacing poorer performers with the superior technologies until
the base performance levels are achieved.
b. Connectors. The rule also requires LDAR of connectors in gas or
light liquid service. The monitoring frequency for connectors is
determined by the percent leaking connectors in the process unit and
the consistency of performance. Process units that have 0.5 percent or
greater leaking connectors are required to monitor all connectors
annually. Units that have less than 0.5 percent may monitor biannually
and units that show less than 0.5 percent for
[[Page 46812]]
two monitoring cycles may monitor once every four years.
c. Other equipment. Subpart H also contains standards for other
types of equipment, compressors, open-ended lines, pressure relief
devices, and sampling connection systems. Compressors are required to
be controlled using a barrier-fluid seal system, by a closed vent
system to a combustion, recovery, or recapture device, or must be
demonstrated to have no leaks greater than 500 ppm HAP. Sampling
connections must be closed-purge or closed-loop system, or must be
controlled using a closed vent system to a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device. Agitators must either be monitored for leaks or use
systems that are better designed such as dual mechanical seals. Pumps,
valves, connectors, and agitators in heavy liquid service;
instrumentation systems; and pressure relief devices in liquid service
are subject to instrumental monitoring only if evidence of a potential
leak is found through sight, sound, or smell. Instrumentation systems
consist of smaller pipes and tubing that carry samples of process
fluids to be analyzed to determine process operating conditions or
systems for measurement of process conditions.
Surge control vessels and bottoms receivers are required to be
controlled using a closed vent system vented to a combustion, recovery,
or recapture device. However, the applicability of controls to surge
control vessels and bottoms receivers is based on the size of the
vessel and the vapor pressure of the contents. The criteria for
determining whether controls are required for surge control vessels and
bottoms receivers are the same as for storage vessels.
d. Other provisions. Under certain conditions, delay of repair
beyond the required period may be acceptable. Examples of these
situations include where: (1) A piece of equipment cannot be repaired
without a process shutdown, (2) equipment is taken out of HAP service,
(3) emissions from repair will exceed emissions from delay of repair
until the next shutdown, and (4) equipment with better leak performance
such as pump with single mechanical seals are replaced with dual
mechanical seals.
In addition, specific alternative standards are included for batch
processes and enclosed buildings. For batch processes, the owner or
operator can choose either to meet similar standards to those for
continuous processes with monitoring frequency pro-rated to time in use
of HAP, or to periodically pressure test the entire system. For
enclosed buildings, the owner or operator may forego monitoring if the
building is kept under a negative pressure and emissions are routed
through a closed vent system to an approved combustion, recovery, or
recapture device.
The equipment leak standards require the use of Method 21 of
appendix A of part 60 to detect leaks. Method 21 requires a portable
organic vapor analyzer to monitor for leaks from equipment in use. Test
procedures using either a gas or a liquid for pressure testing the
batch system are specified to detect for leaks.
The standards would require certain records to demonstrate
compliance with the standard, and the records must be retained in a
readily accessible recordkeeping system. Subpart H requires the records
be maintained for equipment that would be subject to the standards,
testing associated with batch processes, design specifications of
closed vent systems and combustion, recovery, or recapture devices,
test results from performance tests, and information required by
equipment in the QIP.
G. Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements
Specific recordkeeping and reporting requirements related to each
emission source type are included in the applicable sections of the
proposed rule. Section 63.1439 of the proposed rule provides general
reporting, recordkeeping, and testing requirements.
The general reporting, recordkeeping, and testing requirements of
this subpart are very similar to those found in subparts F, G, and U.
The proposed rule also incorporates provisions of subpart A of part 63.
A table included in the proposed rule designates which sections of
subpart A apply to the proposed rule. This rule incorporates by
reference the General Provisions in subpart A as promulgated on March
13, 1994. However, the EPA is in the process of drafting amendments to
the General Provisions. If this subpart is promulgated subsequent to
the promulgation of the amendments to the General Provisions, the
amended General Provisions will be incorporated into this subpart.
The proposed rule requires sources to keep records and submit
reports of information necessary to determine applicability and
document compliance. The proposed rule requires retention of hourly
average values of monitored parameters for continuous process vents.
For batch process vents, the proposed rule requires daily average
values of monitored parameters. If there is a monitoring parameter
excursion, the 15-minute values for the excursion period must be
retained. The proposed rule also requires that records of all residual
HAP content test results must be kept for five years.
Section 63.1439 of the proposed rule lists the following types of
reports that must be submitted to the Administrator as appropriate: (1)
Start-up, shutdown, and malfunction plan; (2) Application for Approval
of Construction or Reconstruction; (3) Initial Notification; (4)
Precompliance Report, (5) Notification of Compliance Status; (6)
Periodic Reports; (7) Other reports, and; (8) Operating permit
application. Operating permit may be substituted for a Precompliance
Report. The requirements for each of the eight types of reports are
summarized below. As can be noted, Sec. 63.1435 incorporates the
reporting requirements of subpart H, which require owners and operators
to submit three types of reports: (1) An Initial Notification; (2) a
Notification of Compliance Status; and (3) Periodic Reports.
1. Start-up, Shutdown, and Malfunction Plan
The plan would describe procedures for operating and maintaining
the affected source during periods of start-up, shutdown, and
malfunction and a program for corrective action for malfunctioning
process and air pollution equipment used to comply with this subpart.
2. Application for Approval of Construction or Reconstruction
The proposed rule requires that the owners or operator comply with
Sec. 63.5 of subpart A regarding the application for approval of
construction or reconstruction, excluding the provisions specified in
Sec. 63.5(d)(1)(ii)(H), (d)(1)(iii), (d)(2), and (d)(3)(ii) of subpart
A.
3. Initial Notification
The Initial Notification would be required within 120 calender days
after the effective date of the rule and shall provide the following
information:
(a) The name and address of the owner or operator;
(b) The address (i.e., physical location) of the affected source;
(c) An identification of the relevant standard, or other
requirement, that is the basis of the notification and the source's
compliance date;
(d) A brief description of the nature, size, design, and method of
operation of the source, including its operating design capacity and an
identification of each point of emission for each HAP, or if a
definitive identification is not yet
[[Page 46813]]
possible, a preliminary identification of each point of emission for
each HAP, and;
(e) A statement of whether or not the affected source is a major
source.
4. Precompliance Report
Affected sources requesting an extension for compliance, or
requesting approval to use alternative monitoring parameters,
alternative continuous monitoring and recordkeeping, or alternative
controls, shall submit a Precompliance Report.
5. Notification of Compliance Status
The Notification of Compliance Status would be required to be
submitted within 150 days after the source's compliance date. It
contains the information for emission points that need to comply with
the rule, that are necessary to demonstrate that compliance has been
achieved. Such information includes, but is not limited to, the results
of any performance test for continuous and/or batch process vents, an
ECO, and wastewater emission points; one complete test report for each
test method used for a particular kind of emission point; design
analyses for storage vessels and wastewater emission points; and
monitored parameter levels for each emission point and supporting data
for the designated level. The Notification of Compliance Status
required by subpart H must be submitted within 90 days after the
compliance date.
6. Periodic Reports
Generally, Periodic Reports would be submitted semiannually.
However, there is an exception. If monitoring results show that the
parameter values for an emission point are above the maximum or below
the minimum established levels for more than one percent of the
operating time in a reporting period, or the monitoring system is out
of service for more than five percent of the time, the regulatory
authority may request that the owner or operator submit quarterly
reports for that emission point. After one year, semiannual reporting
can be resumed, unless the regulatory authority requests continuation
of quarterly reports.
All Periodic Reports would include information required to be
reported under the recordkeeping and reporting provisions for each
emission point.
For continuously monitored parameters, the Periodic Report must
report when ``excursions'' occur. Table 5 shows what constitutes an
excursion.
Table 5.--Summary of Excursions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Emission source type Type of excursion Description of excursion
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Continuous Process Vents............. Daily average When the daily average of a monitored parameter
exceedance. is above the maximum, or below the minimum,
established level.
Insufficient monitoring Insufficient monitoring data is when an owner or
data. operator fails to obtain a valid hour of data
for at least 75 percent of the operating hours
during an operating day. Four 15-minute
parameter measurements must be obtained to
constitute a valid hour of data.
Batch Process Vents.................. Batch cycle daily When the batch cycle daily average of a
average exceedance. monitored parameter is above the maximum, or
below the minimum, established level.
Insufficient monitoring Insufficient monitoring data is when an owner or
data. operator fails to obtain valid parameter
measurements for at least 75 percent of the 15-
minute periods during an operating day.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Periodic Reports would also include results of any performance
tests conducted during the reporting period and instances when required
inspections revealed problems. Additional information on the source is
required to report under its operating permit would also be described
in Periodic Reports.
Periodic Reports for subpart H must be submitted every six months
and must contain summary information on the LDAR program changes to the
process unit, changes in monitoring frequency or monitoring
alternatives, and/or initiation of a QIP.
7. Other Reports
Other reports required under the proposed rule include process
changes that change the compliance status of process vents, and request
for extensions of the allowable repair period and notifications of
inspections for storage vessels and wastewater.
8. Operating Permit Application
An owner or operator who submits an operating permit application
instead of a Precompliance Report shall submit the information
specified in the Precompliance Report, as applicable, with the
operating permit application.
V. Discussion of Major Issues
The Administrator welcomes comments from interested persons on any
aspect of the proposed standards, and on any statement in the preamble
or the referenced supporting documents. The proposed standards were
developed on the basis of information available. The Administrator is
specifically requesting factual information that may support either the
approach taken in the proposed standards or an alternative approach. To
receive proper consideration, documentation or data should be provided.
Specifically, the EPA is requesting comment and data on the following
issues: (1) The ECO definition and onset point, (2) the performance
test protocol for determining compliance of combustion, recovery and
recapture devices on short, batch process vent episodes, (3) the
specifications of the performance test for the ECO, (4) the approach to
determine an outlet concentration cutoff that is appropriate, if any,
for the process vent epoxide limitation for new affected sources, (5)
the subcategorization of the industry based on the nature of the feed
to the combustion, recovery, or recapture device, (6) the monitoring,
recordkeeping and reporting requirements, (7) the epoxide emission
factor as an alternative to the percent emission reduction requirement,
(8) the nonepoxide organic HAP process vent emissions requirements, (9)
whether the HAP list in table 4 is all inclusive, and (10) the
definition of an applicable source and a PMPU.
The extended cook-out (ECO) is included as a control option for the
first time in this standard, and the EPA requests comments on the
definition of the ECO, and the calculation procedures that were used to
determine the onset value (i.e., the point when uncontrolled emissions
are calculated). The definition of the ECO is based on the input of a
team of industry representatives who have used the ECO to control their
process vent epoxide emissions. For the purposes of determining a
default onset for an ECO, the EPA used information provided by SPI
representatives. Some of the SPI facilities have used this control
option for a number of years with permit
[[Page 46814]]
restrictions based on this control option. The SPI representatives
provided the EPA with calculations that demonstrated the breakpoint for
when a cookout is no longer economically feasible, which is defined as
the onset for the ECO. This calculation contains confidential business
information regarding the batch times, profit margins, and reaction
rate equations for four different product types and, therefore, is not
available for public review. However, the approach used to establish
the onset of an ECO, as the point in time when continuing the reaction
is no longer economically advantageous, and the approach used to
determine the default onset of an ECO, are available for review (Docket
No. A-96-38, Item No. II-B-7). The SPI determined, using conservative
assumptions, that the ECO for four product types occurred when the
amount of epoxide in the reactor is 25 percent of the amount in the
reactor at the end of the epoxide feed step. These four product types
were: EO-capped surfactants, PO-capped surfactants, EO-capped
functional fluids, and PO-capped functional fluids. It was explained to
the EPA that these are four typical product types in the polyether
polyols industry. The onset value determined by SPI was established as
the default ECO onset value for the purposes of this regulation.
Facilities may accept this default value as the onset for an ECO at
their facility, or they may calculate their own ECO onset point. To
calculate a site-specific ECO onset, facility representatives are
directed to the Definition of Extended Cookout Memorandum (Docket No.
A-96-38, Item No. II-B-7).
Also, with respect to the ECO control option, a first order
reaction rate equation, with respect to the epoxide, was used to
determine the concentration of the unreacted epoxide in the reactor
vessel. The EPA is requesting documentation to support or refute the
first order reaction rate equation used in the ECO calculations.
The proposed rule requires an initial performance test to
demonstrate that the ECO meets the performance represented by the
engineering equations used to estimate the amount of unreacted epoxide
in the reactor. This would be a one time test similar to the
performance testing required for add-on combustion, recovery, or
recapture devices. The proposed rule is requiring that samples of the
liquid and vapor space be taken both before and after the ECO, and that
these samples be analyzed for unreacted epoxide concentration. The
proposed rule is requiring that the samples be analyzed using Method
18. The EPA is requesting comments on the specifics of the test method
and sample procedure required.
The EPA is proposing to require facilities to sample the inlet and
outlet streams to the combustion, recovery or recapture device in order
to determine compliance with the process vent provisions. Industry
representatives have expressed several concerns with the requirement to
sample emissions from process vents in batch unit operations. Industry
representatives are concerned with the feasibility, accuracy, and
safety of taking such samples. Typically, in batch unit operations,
material exits the reactor in a short period of time following each
batch, and the flow and concentration of the process vent emissions are
not constant. As a result, industry asserts, that capturing
representative and meaningful samples is not feasible using traditional
stack sampling methods found in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 60. Industry
representatives also indicate that because there is a significant drop
in pressure during the brief course of the venting, the results of any
performance test are not likely to be very accurate. Industry also has
expressed concerns that attempting to take samples during venting would
raise significant safety issues for plant personnel given the potential
flammability and toxicity of the stream. Industry maintains that pre-
vent and post-vent samples with appropriate engineering calculations on
flow rates would provide adequate results to demonstrate the
performance of the combustion, recovery or recapture device. However,
no specific procedures to use in this regulation were provided. The
EPA, therefore, is asking for comment and information on alternatives
to the proposed testing to determine compliance for process vents from
batch unit operations.
The proposed standard for EO and PO process vent emissions at
existing sources includes an alternative concentration limit of 20
ppmv. Thus, an existing source can comply with the control requirements
of the NESHAP by either achieving an emission reduction of 98 percent
(by weight), or maintaining an outlet concentration of 20 ppmv from the
outlet of a combustion, recovery, or recapture device, whichever is
less stringent. Including this option in the NESHAP recognizes that, as
inlet concentrations to a control device drop, there is a corresponding
decrease in percent reduction of the device and a leveling off of the
outlet concentration from the device.
Industry representatives requested that an alternative
concentration limit also be developed for EO and PO process vent
emissions at new sources. As with existing sources, the new sources
would have the option to either achieve 99.9 percent control or a
specified concentration limit, whichever is less stringent.
In responding to this request, EPA considered a concentration limit
of 1 ppmv. This was based on concentration levels achieved, and
verified by emission testing, by the facility identified as the best
performer. These outlet concentrations were achieved even though high
concentrations were being fed to the device. Industry representatives
argued in a May 7, 1997 letter (Docket No. A-96-38, Item No. II-D-55)
that 1 ppmv may not be achievable. They asserted that the EPA method
used for the performance test does not speciate organic HAP and,
therefore, should not be used to support a concentration limit unless
the same test method is permitted within the NESHAP to demonstrate
compliance. They also contended that EPA has historically used 20 ppmv
as an alternative for standards that are combustion control-based. EPA
has pointed out, however, that these other standards are based on
incinerators required to meet only a 98 percent destruction efficiency.
Therefore, the EPA has decided to not include an alternative outlet
concentration limit for new sources in the proposed rule, but is
requesting information for determining an appropriate alternative limit
for the standard based on an incinerator achieving 99.9 percent
control. For example, test data from the 99.9 percent incinerator using
the test methods and procedures prescribed in the proposed rule would
establish a basis for such an alternative. If public comments provide
sufficient information, the EPA will consider establishing an
alternative concentration limit for the final rule.
The EPA is soliciting comment on the appropriateness of the new
source MACT requirements for process vents that emit epoxides. As
explained in the Basis and Purpose Document, the EPA set the control
efficiency based on the data from the best performing facility. The SPI
representatives, however, have contended that this facility is not a
similar source because, its reactor vents during the epoxide feed step
of the reaction. The SPI asserts that ``the impacts of this method of
operation would be to send a very high concentration of HAP to the
control device as a continuous or semi-continuous stream, resulting in
an artificially high destruction efficiency (compared to a facility
that does not
[[Page 46815]]
vent continuously)'' (Docket No. A-96-38, Item No. II-D-46). They argue
that this is not the typical mode of operation for this industry, and
that this facility should be in a subcategory of its own. The EPA
recognizes that different facilities may vent their reactors at
different times in the reaction resulting in different concentrations
and flows. The EPA also recognizes that the number of reactor trains
feeding to the same recapture, recovery, or control device will affect
the flow characteristics of the feed stream.
The EPA does not have data on the process vent epoxide
concentration, description of when in the process the venting occurs,
or venting episode duration from any of the facilities in the database.
Therefore, at this time, the EPA has no basis for determining whether
subcategorization of the industry is appropriate, or for determining
where a subcategorization line should be drawn, if appropriate. Data to
substantiate the SPI's argument that the facility setting the new
source MACT floor is not a similar source will be necessary before the
EPA can consider making revisions to the new source MACT floor level of
control for process vent epoxide emissions.
The EPA is requesting the following information needed from
industry in order to determine if a subcategory is appropriate, and
what it should be.
(1) Facility name and location
(2) Product categories (i.e., surfactants, polyols, etc.) made at the
facility in 1993
(3) Process vent uncontrolled and controlled HAP emissions for 1993
(4) Description of the combustion, recovery, or recapture device,
including
(a) Type of device (e.g., scrubber, flare etc.)
(b) Control efficiency and basis
(5) Information about the reactor feed characteristics to the control
device, submitted in either of the following formats:
(a) Flow and concentration data (from monitoring instrumentation)
for a single, typical day; or,
(b) A narrative description of a typical day's feed to a common
combustion, recovery, or recapture device. In the narrative, an
estimate of the total amount of time per day there is feed to the
device is required along with an estimate of the range of HAP
concentration during the typical day, on an episode or daily basis
(6) A statement regarding whether the facility vents excess pressure
from the reactor during oxide addition
The monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting provisions in this
regulation differ slightly from those in the HON. This proposed
regulation will require that monitors continue to operate during
periods of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction. Monitoring records from
periods of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction will provide evidence of
whether start-up, shutdown, and malfunction plans are followed and will
provide the Agency with valuable information for assessment of the
adequacy of the source's start-up, shutdown, and malfunction plan.
These records will also provide evidence of whether start-ups,
shutdowns, and malfunctions occur during periods at issue and whether
the source takes necessary steps to mitigate environmental impacts.
Also, this proposed regulation enables a source that is subject to this
regulation and to provisions in either 40 CFR part 264 or 40 CFR part
265 to continue to demonstrate compliance in accordance with 40 CFR
part 264 or 265, except the source must report all excursions (as
defined in this proposed regulation) in the semiannual report. The EPA
is asking for comments on these provisions to determine whether the
Agency should adopt these additional requirements in the final
regulation.
For epoxide emissions, the proposed rule allows sources to comply
with the process vent requirements by maintaining epoxide emissions at
a level below the specified emission factors of 1.7 x 10-2
kilograms of epoxide emissions per megagram of product made (kg/Mg) for
existing sources and 4.4 x 10-3 kg/Mg for new sources. The
approach used for determining these emission factors is explained in
the Supplementary Information Document. To verify compliance with this
option, the owner or operator is required to calculate annual epoxide
emissions and divide the emissions by the annual polyether polyol
production. The annual production is annual mass of polyether polyol
product produced from the applicable PMPU. The EPA is requesting
comments on the method of calculation of the emission factors and
whether the rule adequately describes the units of production for this
determination.
In some instances, nonepoxide organic HAP are used in the reactor
in making the polyether polyol product or modifying the product
properties before final storage. Examples of such uses would include
organic HAP used as an initiator, a catalyst, or as a reaction solvent.
The proposed regulation requires that a group determination be made on
the combination of all process vents that emit these nonepoxide HAP,
and that combinations of vents that are Group 1 be controlled. The EPA
recognizes that a process vent from which these nonepoxide HAP are
emitted would be subject to the epoxide emission reduction requirements
as well as the requirements for nonepoxide organic HAP emissions. If a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used to reduce epoxide
emissions from the vent, then that same device would also reduce the
emissions of the nonepoxide HAP. However, if extended cookout is the
control technique utilized by the facility to reduce epoxide emissions,
then the nonepoxide HAP emissions would not be affected, resulting in
the need to address these emissions. The EPA is interested in methods
to address the nonepoxide HAP emissions from making or modifying the
product that alleviate the dual requirement problem mentioned above.
Some of the approaches that the EPA has considered include: Requiring a
group determination only for nonepoxide HAP emissions that are not
controlled along with epoxide emissions; requiring all HAP emissions
(epoxide and nonepoxide) from making or modifying the product to be
reduced by the amount specified in the proposed rule for epoxide
emissions; eliminating the group determination provisions and requiring
a specified percent reduction for nonepoxide HAP emissions from all
vents above a de minimis level, and; making all nonepoxide HAP
emissions (from making or modifying the product and from catalyst
extraction) subject to the same requirements. The EPA is requesting
comments on input of these options, or the identification of other
options. Comments should include a recommended approach, along with
rationale for the recommendation.
The proposed rule lists specific HAP in table 4 used to determine
compliance. The EPA requests comments on whether this list is all
inclusive.
The EPA is requesting comments on the definition of the affected
source, the PMPU and ``make or modify the product.'' The EPA is asking
for these comments in an attempt to ensure that all emission types
related to the manufacture of polyether polyols are included in the
affected source.
VI. Summary of Environmental, Energy, Cost, and Economic Impacts
This section presents the air, non-air environmental (waste and
solid waste), energy, cost and economic impacts resulting from the
control of HAP emissions under this rule.
[[Page 46816]]
A. Facilities Affected by These NESHAP
The proposed rule will affect facilities that produce polyether
polyols and are major sources in themselves, or that are located at a
major source plant site. Based on available information, 92 percent of
the facilities at which polyether polyols are produced were assumed to
be major sources for the purpose of developing these standards. Final
determination of major source status occurs as part of the compliance
determination process undertaken by each individual source.
Impacts are presented relative to a baseline reflecting the level
of control in the absence of the rule. Baseline impacts were
extrapolated from the database to an estimated 78 polyether polyol
facilities affected by the NESHAP nationwide. See the baseline
emissions memorandum in the Basis and Purpose Document for a detailed
discussion of this approach. The impacts for existing sources were
estimated by bringing each facility's control level up to the levels of
the proposed standards. According to the SPI representatives, no new
sources are projected to be constructed in the next five years.
Therefore, no new source impacts were estimated.
B. Primary Air Impacts
These proposed standards are estimated to reduce HAP emissions from
all existing sources of polyether polyols by 1,810 Mg/yr. This
represents a 47 percent reduction from the baseline level of emissions.
This reduction is relatively low since several affected facilities have
already installed stringent pollution controls in response to State air
toxics rules.
C. Other Environmental Impacts
All the HAP being reduced by this regulation are also volatile
organic compounds (VOC); thus, a reduction of 1,810 Mg/yr of VOC is
anticipated as a result of implementing these standards. However,
emissions of criteria pollutants are estimated to increase by 80 Mg/yr
as a result of operating process vent and wastewater emission control
systems to comply with the standards. Therefore, the net reduction in
criteria pollutants resulting from this regulation is anticipated to be
1,730 Mg/yr.
D. Energy Impacts
The total nationwide energy demands that would result from
implementing the process vent and wastewater requirements are around
4.7 X 10\10\ British thermal units annually (Btu/yr).
E. Costs Impacts
Cost impacts include the capital costs of new control equipment,
the cost of energy (supplemental fuel, steam, and electricity) required
to operate control equipment, operation and maintenance costs, and the
cost savings generated by reducing the loss of valuable raw materials
in the form of emissions. Also, cost impacts include the costs of
monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting associated with these proposed
standards.
The rule requirements are based on the floor level of control for
the following emission types for polyether polyols made with epoxides:
Storage vessels, process vent epoxide emissions, process vent
nonepoxide emissions from catalyst extraction, and equipment leaks. The
Agency selected requirements more stringent than the floor for
wastewater emissions and for nonepoxide organic HAP process vent
emissions from making or modifying the product. For polyether polyols
made with THF, the Agency selected requirements more stringent than the
MACT floor level of control for all of the emission types (i.e.,
storage, process vent emissions, equipment leaks and wastewater). The
HON level of control was considered as the level of control more
stringent than the MACT floor level of control for each of the emission
types listed above, except for process vents from batch unit operations
where control levels established in the ``Control of Volatile Organic
Compound Emissions From Batch Processes--Alternative Control Techniques
Information Document'' (EPA-453/R-94-020) (``Batch ACT'') were
considered. The HON level of control was considered because polyether
polyols manufacturing plants are fairly similar to sources that are
subject to the HON. Additionally, the HON level of control had received
extensive evaluation during the development of the HON, at which time
the EPA concluded that the cost and other impacts of the HON levels
were reasonable. Similarly, the estimated cost-effectiveness for the
Batch ACT was determined to be comparable to the cost-effectiveness of
the HON continuous vent provisions.
Under the proposed rule, it is estimated that total capital costs
for existing sources would be $10.2 million (August 1996 dollars) and
that total annual costs would be $7.7 million per year. It is expected
that the actual compliance cost impacts of the proposed rule could be
less than presented because of the potential to use common combustion,
recovery, or recapture devices, upgrade existing combustion, recovery,
or recapture devices, use other less expensive control technologies, or
implement pollution prevention. Because the effect of such practices is
highly site-specific and data were unavailable to estimate how often
the lower cost compliance practices could be utilized, it is not
possible to quantify the amount by which actual compliance cost would
be reduced.
F. Economic Impacts
The goal of the economic impact analysis is to estimate the market
response of the polyether polyols industry to the emission standards
and determine any adverse effects that may result from the regulation.
Approximately 78 facilities owned by 36 different companies producing
polyether polyols domestically may potentially be affected by the
regulation.
Since the nationwide annualized cost of this regulation of $7.7
million represents approximately 0.06 percent of the estimated 1996
sales revenues for domestically produced polyether polyols, the EPA
determined that the regulation is not likely to have a significant
impact on this industry as a whole. For this reason, a streamlined
economic analysis was performed to determine facility-specific impacts.
Facility-specific impacts were examined by calculating the ratio of the
estimated annualized costs of controls for each facility to the
estimated revenues per facility (i.e., cost-to-sales ratio) to assess
the likelihood of facility closures and employment impacts. A cost-to-
sales ratio exceeding one percent was determined to be an initial
indicator of the potential for a significant facility impact.
For only one facility out of the 78 facilities affected by the
regulation do costs exceed one percent of sales. This firm is estimated
to experience a cost-to-sales ratio of 1.5 percent. Based on an
analysis of the costs of compliance compared to facility and company
financial data for this firm, the EPA concludes it is unlikely that the
company owning this facility will choose to close it. The company is
financially robust and the costs are a small share of the total company
sales and net income. Therefore, the facility-specific impacts are not
considered to be significant for any facility affected by the
regulation. The generally small scale of the impacts suggests that
there will also be no significant impacts on markets for the products
made using polyether polyols, such as polyurethanes. For more
information, consult the economic impact report entitled ``Economic
Analysis Of Air Pollution Regulations: Polyether Polyols Production,
May 1997.''
[[Page 46817]]
VIII. Administrative Requirements
A. Public Hearing
A public hearing will be held, if requested, to discuss the
proposed standard in accordance with section 307(d)(5) of the Act.
Persons wishing to make oral presentation on the proposed standards for
polyether polyols production should contact EPA at the address given in
the ADDRESSES section of this preamble. Oral presentations will be
limited to 15 minutes each. Any member of the public may file a written
statement before, during, or within 30 days after the hearing. Written
statements should be addressed to the Air Docket Section address given
in the ADDRESSES section of this preamble and should refer to Docket
No. A-95-20.
A verbatim transcript of the hearing and written statements will be
available for public inspection and copying during normal working hours
at EPA's Air Docket Section in Washington, DC (see ADDRESSES section of
this preamble).
B. Docket
The docket is an organized and complete file of all the information
submitted to or otherwise considered by EPA in the development of this
proposed rulemaking. The principal purposes of the docket are:
1. To allow interested parties to readily identify and locate
documents so that they can intelligently and effectively participate
in the rulemaking process; and
2. To serve as the record in case of judicial review (except for
interagency review materials (section 307(d)(7)(A)).
C. Executive Order 12866
Under Executive Order 12866, (58 FR 51735 (October 4, 1993)) the
Agency must determine whether the regulatory action is ``significant''
and therefore subject to Office of Management and Budget (OMB) review
and the requirements of this Executive Order. The Order defines
``significant regulatory action'' as one that is likely to result in a
rule that may:
(1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the
economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public
health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or
communities;
(2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an
action taken or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants,
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients
thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in
this Executive Order.
It has been determined that this rule is not a ``significant
regulatory action'' under the terms of Executive Order 12866 and is
therefore not subject to OMB review.
D. Enhancing the Intergovernmental Partnership Under Executive Order
12875
In compliance with Executive Order 12875, EPA has involved State,
local, and tribal governments where the sources occur in the
development of this rule. These governments are not directly impacted
by the rule; i.e., they are not required to purchase control systems to
meet the requirements of the rule. However, they will be required to
implement this rule; e.g., incorporate the rule into permits and
enforce the rule. They will collect permit fees that will be used to
offset the resource burden of implementing the rule.
E. Paperwork Reduction Act
The information collection requirements in this proposed rule have
been submitted for approval to OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act,
44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. An Information Collection Request (ICR) document
has been prepared by EPA (ICR No. 1811.01), and a copy may be obtained
from Sandy Farmer, OPPE Regulatory Information Division (2137); U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency; 401 M Street SW; Washington, DC 20460,
or by calling (202) 260-2740. The public reporting burden for this
collection of information is estimated to average 1,046 hours per
respondent for the first year and 162 hours for each of the second and
third years, including time for reviewing instructions, searching
existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and
completing and reviewing the collection of information. An Agency may
not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a
collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB
control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's regulations are
listed in 40 CFR part 9 and 48 CFR Ch. 15.
Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of
this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this
burden, to Chief, Information Policy Branch, 2136, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW., Washington, DC 20503, marked
``Attention: Desk Officer for EPA.'' The final rule will respond to any
OMB or public comments on the information collection requirements
contained in this proposal.
F. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency
to conduct a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to
notice and comment rulemaking requirements unless the agency certifies
that the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a
substantial number of small entities.
The EPA analyzed the potential impact of the rule on small entities
and determined that only 7 of the 36 polyether polyol producing firms
are small entities--not a substantial number of entities. Of these 7,
no small companies will experience an increase in costs as a result of
the promulgation of today's rule that is greater than one percent of
revenues. Pursuant to section 605(b) of the Regulatory Flexibility Act
(5 U.S.C. 605(b)), I certify that this rule will not have a significant
impact on a substantial number of small entities. Therefore, the Agency
did not prepare an initial regulatory flexibility analysis.
Although the statute does not require the EPA to prepare an RFA
because the Administrator has certified that the rule will not have a
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities,
the EPA did undertake a limited assessment, to the extent it could, of
possible outcomes and the economic effect of these on small polyether
polyol producing entities. The initial version of that evaluation is
available in the administrative record for today's action.
G. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public
Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the
effects of certain regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal
governments and the private sector, and to seek input from State,
local, and tribal governments on certain regulatory actions. EPA has
determined that this action does not contain a Federal mandate that may
result in expenditures of $100 million or more for State, local, and
tribal governments, in the aggregate, or the private sector in any one
year. (The analysis of the costs associated with this action is
referenced in paragraph VI.E of this preamble.) Therefore, this action
is not subject to the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.
The requirements of sections 203 and 204 of UMRA which relate to
regulatory requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect
small governments and to regulatory proposals that contain a
significant Federal intergovernmental
[[Page 46818]]
mandate, respectively, also do not apply to today's rule because the
rule affects only the private sector, i.e., facilities that manufacture
chemical products for sale.
H. Miscellaneous
In accordance with section 117 of the Act, publication of this
proposal was preceded by consultation with appropriate advisory
committees, independent experts, and Federal departments and agencies.
The Administrator will welcome comments on all aspects of the proposed
regulation, including health, economic and technical issues, and on the
proposed requirements for testing.
This regulation will be reviewed 8 years from the date of
promulgation. This review will include an assessment of such factors as
evaluation of the residual health and environmental risks, any overlap
with other programs, the existence of alternative methods,
enforceability, improvements in emission control technology and health
data, and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements.
Lists of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63
Environmental Protection, Air pollution control, Hazardous
substances, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
Dated: August 15, 1997.
Carol M. Browner,
Administrator.
For the reasons set out in the preamble, part 63 of title 40,
chapter I of the Code of Federal Regulations is proposed to be amended
as follows:
PART 63--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
FOR AFFECTED SOURCE CATEGORIES
1. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et. seq.
2. It is proposed that part 63 be amended by adding subpart PPP,
consisting of Secs. 63.1420 through 63.1439, to read as follows:
Subpart PPP--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant
Emissions for Polyether Polyols Production
Sec.
63.1420 Applicability and designation of affected sources.
63.1421 Delegation of authority.
63.1422 Compliance schedule and relationship to existing applicable
rules.
63.1423 Definitions.
63.1424 Emission standards.
63.1425 Process vent control requirements.
63.1426 Process vent requirements for determining organic HAP
concentration, control efficiency, and overall organic HAP emission
reduction for a PAPPU.
63.1427 Process vent requirements for processes using extended
cookout as an epoxide emission reduction device.
63.1428 Process vent requirements for group determination of PMPUs
using a nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify the product.
63.1429 Process vent monitoring requirements.
63.1430 Process vent reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
63.1431 Emission Factor Plan Requirements.
63.1432 Storage vessel provisions.
63.1433 Wastewater provisions.
63.1434 Equipment leak provisions.
63.1435 Heat exchanger provisions.
63.1436 [Reserved]
63.1437 Additional test methods and procedures.
63.1438 Parameter monitoring levels and excursions.
63.1439 General recordkeeping and reporting provisions.
Subpart PPP--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutant Emissions for Polyether Polyols Production
Sec. 63.1420 Applicability and designation of affected sources.
(a) Definition of affected source. The provisions of this subpart
apply to each affected source. Affected sources are described in
paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(4) of this section.
(1) An affected source is either an existing affected source or a
new affected source. Existing affected source is defined in paragraph
(a)(3) of this section, and new affected source is defined in paragraph
(a)(4) of this section.
(2) Emission points and equipment. The affected source also
includes the emission points and equipment specified in paragraphs
(a)(2)(i) through (a)(2)(vi) of this section that are associated with
each group of polyether polyol manufacturing process units (PMPU)
making up an affected source, as defined in Sec. 63.1423.
(i) Each waste management unit.
(ii) Maintenance wastewater.
(iii) Each heat exchange system.
(iv) Equipment required by, or utilized as a method of compliance
with, this subpart which may include control techniques and recovery
devices.
(v) Product finishing operation.
(vi) Each feed or catalyst operation.
(3) An existing affected source is defined as each group of one or
more PMPU that is not part of a new affected source, as defined in
paragraph (a)(4) of this section, and that is located at a plant site
that is a major source.
(4) A new affected source is defined as a source meeting the
criteria of paragraph (a)(4)(i), (a)(4)(ii), or (a)(4)(iii) of this
section.
(i) At a site previously without organic HAP emission points (i.e.,
a ``greenfield'' site), each group of one or more PMPUs that is part of
a major source, and on which construction for the PMPU(s) commenced
after September 4, 1997;
(ii) A PMPU meeting the criteria in paragraph (g)(1)(i) of this
section; or
(iii) A reconstructed affected source meeting the criteria in
paragraph (g)(2)(i) of this section.
(b) PMPUs without organic HAP. The owner or operator of a PMPU that
is part of an affected source, as defined in paragraph (a) of this
section, that does not use or manufacture any organic HAP shall comply
with the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
Such a PMPU is not subject to any other provisions of this subpart and
is not required to comply with the provisions of subpart A of this
part.
(1) Retain information, data, and analyses used to document the
basis for the determination that the PMPU does not use any organic HAP.
Types of information that could document this determination include,
but are not limited to, records of chemicals purchased for the process,
analyses of process stream composition, engineering calculations, or
process knowledge.
(2) When requested by the Administrator, demonstrate that the PMPU
does not use any organic HAP.
(c) Emission points not subject to the provisions of this subpart.
The affected source includes the emission points listed in paragraphs
(c)(1) through (c)(12) of this section, but these emission points are
not subject to the requirements of this subpart or the provisions of
subpart A of this part.
(1) Equipment that does not contain organic HAP and is located at a
PMPU that is part of an affected source;
(2) Stormwater from segregated sewers;
(3) Water from fire-fighting and deluge systems in segregated
sewers;
(4) Spills;
(5) Water from safety showers;
(6) Water from testing of deluge systems;
(7) Water from testing of firefighting systems;
(8) Vessels and equipment storing and/or handling material that
contains no organic HAP or organic HAP as impurities only;
[[Page 46819]]
(9) Equipment that operates in organic HAP service for less than
300 hours during the calendar year;
(10) Loading racks, loading arms, or loading hoses that only
transfer liquids containing HAP as impurities;
(11) Loading racks, loading arms, or loading hoses that vapor
balance during all loading operations; and
(12) Utility fluids, such as heat transfer fluids.
(d) Processes exempted from the affected source. The processes
specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section are not
part of the affected source and are exempted from the requirements of
both this subpart and from the provisions of subpart A of this part.
(1) Research and development facilities; and
(2) Solvent reclamation, recovery, or recycling operations at
hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDF)
requiring a permit under 40 CFR part 270 that are separate entities and
not part of a PMPU to which this subpart applies.
(3) Reactions or processing that occur after the manufacture of
polyether polyol products.
(e) Primary product determination and applicability. The primary
product of a process unit shall be determined according to the
procedures specified in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section.
Paragraphs (e)(3) through (e)(4) of this section describe whether or
not a process unit is subject to this subpart. Paragraphs (e)(5)
through (e)(7) of this section discuss compliance for those PMPUs
operated as flexible operation units, as specified in paragraph (e)(2)
of this section.
(1) If a process unit only manufactures one product, then that
product shall represent the primary product of the process unit.
(2) If a process unit is designed and operated as a flexible
operation unit, the primary product shall be determined as specified in
paragraphs (e)(2)(i) or (e)(2)(ii) of this section based on the
anticipated operations for the 5 years following [insert date of
publication of final rule] for existing affected sources and for the
first 5 years after initial start-up for new affected sources.
(i) If the flexible operation unit will manufacture one product for
the greatest operating time over the five year period, then that
product shall represent the primary product of the flexible operation
unit.
(ii) If the flexible operation unit will manufacture multiple
products equally based on operating time, then the product with the
greatest production on a mass basis over the five year period shall
represent the primary product of the flexible operation unit.
(3) If the primary product of a process unit is a polyether polyol
product, then that process unit is considered a PMPU. That PMPU is
either an affected source or is part of an affected source comprised of
other PMPU at the same plant site that also make polyether polyols, if
the plant site is a major source. The status of a process unit as a
PMPU, and as an affected source or part of an affected source shall not
change regardless of which polyether polyol products are produced in
the future by the PMPU, with the exception noted in paragraph (e)(3)(i)
of this section.
(i) If a process unit terminates the production of all polyether
polyol products and does not anticipate the production of any polyether
polyol products in the future, the process unit is no longer a PMPU, is
no longer an affected source or part of an affected source, and is not
subject to the provisions of this subpart after notification is made as
specified in paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this section.
(ii) The owner or operator of a process unit that wishes to remove
the PMPU designation from the process unit, as specified in paragraph
(e)(3)(i) of this section, shall notify the Administrator. This
notification shall be accompanied by rationale for why it is
anticipated that no polyether polyol products will be produced in the
process unit in the future.
(iii) If a process unit meeting the criteria of paragraph (e)(3)(i)
of this section begins the production of a polyether polyol product in
the future, the owner or operator shall use the procedures in paragraph
(e)(4)(i) of this section to determine if the process unit is re-
designated as a PMPU.
(4) If the primary product of a process unit is not a polyether
polyol product, then that process unit is not an affected source, nor
is it part of any affected source subject to this subpart. The process
unit is not subject to this subpart at any time, regardless of what
product is being produced. The status of the process unit as not being
a PMPU, and therefore not being an affected source or part of an
affected source subject to this subpart, shall not change regardless of
what products are produced in the future by the PMPU, with the
exception noted in paragraph (e)(4)(i) of this section.
(i) If, at any time beginning [insert date 5 years from date of
publication of final rule], the owner or operator determines that a
polyether polyol product is the primary product for the process unit
based on actual production data for any preceding consecutive five-year
period, then the process unit shall be classified as a PMPU. If that
PMPU is not subject to another subpart of 40 CFR part 63, it is either
an affected source or part of an affected source and shall be subject
to this subpart. If the PMPU is subject to another subpart of 40 CFR
part 63, it is not an affected source for the purposes of this subpart.
(ii) If a process unit meets the criteria of paragraph (e)(4)(i) of
this section, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator
within 6 months of making this determination. The PMPU, as the entire
affected source or part of an affected source, shall be in compliance
with the provisions of this rule within 3 years from the date of such
notification.
(5) Once the primary product of a process unit has been determined
to be a polyether polyol product, the owner or operator of the affected
source shall comply with the provisions of this subpart, as specified
in either paragraph (e)(5)(i) or (e)(5)(ii) of this section, except as
specified in paragraph (e)(5)(iii) of this section.
(i) Each owner or operator shall determine the applicability of the
provisions for each emission point that is part of that flexible
operation unit based on emission point characteristics when a polyether
polyol is being manufactured. Based on this finding, the owner or
operator shall comply with the applicable standards of this subpart for
each emission point, as appropriate, at all times, regardless of what
product is being produced.
(ii) Alternatively, each owner or operator shall determine the
applicability of the provisions of this subpart to each emission point
that is part of the flexible operation unit based on the emission point
characteristics when each product produced by the flexible operation
unit is manufactured, regardless of whether the product is a polyether
polyol product or not. Based on these findings, the owner or operator
shall comply with the applicable requirements, as appropriate,
regardless of what product is being produced.
Note: Under this scenario, it is possible that the group status,
and therefore the requirement to achieve emission reductions, for an
emission point may change depending on the product being
manufactured.
(iii) Whenever a flexible operation unit manufactures a product
that meets the criteria of paragraph (b) of this section (i.e., does
not use or manufacture any organic HAP), the owner or operator shall
comply only with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section to
demonstrate compliance
[[Page 46820]]
for activities associated with the manufacture of that product. This
subpart does not require compliance with the provisions of subpart A of
this part for activities associated with the manufacture of a product
that meets the criteria of paragraph (b) of this section.
(6) The determination of the primary product for a process unit, to
include the determination of applicability of this subpart to process
units that are designed and operated as flexible operation units, shall
be reported in the Notification of Compliance Status required by
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) when the primary product is determined to be a
polyether polyol product. The Notification of Compliance Status shall
include the information specified in either paragraph (e)(6)(i) or
(e)(6)(ii) of this section. If the primary product is determined to be
something other than a polyether polyol product, the owner or operator
shall retain information, data, and analysis used to document the basis
for the determination that the primary product is not a polyether
polyol product.
(i) If the PMPU manufactures only polyether polyol products,
identification of that fact.
(ii) If the PMPU is designed and operated as a flexible operation
unit, the information specified in paragraphs (e)(6)(ii)(A) through
(e)(6)(ii)(C) of this section, as appropriate.
(A) Identification of polyether polyols as the primary product.
(B) Identification of the compliance option (either paragraph
(e)(5)(i) or (e)(5)(ii) of this section), that has been selected by the
owner or operator.
(7) To demonstrate compliance with the rule during those periods
when a flexible operation unit that is subject to this subpart is
producing a product that is not a polyether polyol, the owner or
operator shall comply with either paragraphs (e)(7)(i) and (e)(7)(ii)
or paragraph (e)(7)(iii) of this section.
(i) Establish parameter monitoring levels as specified in
Sec. 63.1438, for those applicable emission points designated as Group
1 (or emission points subject to these provisions); and
(ii) Submit the parameter monitoring levels developed under
paragraph (e)(7)(i) of this section and the basis for them in the
Notification of Compliance Status report, as specified in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(6); or
(iii) Demonstrate that the parameter monitoring levels established
are also appropriate for those periods when products other than
polyether polyols are being produced. Material demonstrating this
finding shall be submitted in the Notification of Compliance Status
report as specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(f) Storage vessel ownership determination. The owner or operator
shall follow the procedures specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through
(f)(7) of this section to determine to which process unit a storage
vessel shall belong. Paragraph (f)(8) of this section specifies when an
owner or operator is required to redetermine to which process unit a
storage vessel belongs.
(1) If a storage vessel is already subject to another subpart of 40
CFR part 63 on [insert date of publication of final rule], that storage
vessel shall belong to the process unit subject to the other subpart
and none of the other provisions in this subpart shall apply to that
storage vessel.
(2) If a storage vessel is dedicated to a single process unit, the
storage vessel shall belong to that process unit.
(3) If a storage vessel is shared among process units, then the
storage vessel shall belong to that process unit located on the same
plant site as the storage vessel that has the greatest input into or
output from the storage vessel (i.e., the process unit that has the
predominant use of the storage vessel.)
(4) If predominant use cannot be determined for a storage vessel
that is shared among process units and if only one of those process
units is a PMPU subject to this subpart, the storage vessel shall
belong to that PMPU.
(5) If predominant use cannot be determined for a storage vessel
that is shared among process units and if more than one of the process
units are PMPUs that have different primary products and that are
subject to this subpart, then the owner or operator shall assign the
storage vessel to any one of the PMPUs sharing the storage vessel.
(6) If the predominant use of a storage vessel varies from year to
year, then predominant use shall be determined based on the utilization
that occurred during the year preceding [insert date of publication of
final rule] or based on the expected utilization for the 5 years
following [insert date of publication of final rule] for existing
affected sources, whichever is more representative of the expected
operations for that storage vessel, and based on the expected
utilization for the 5 years after initial start-up for new affected
sources. The determination of predominant use shall be reported in the
Notification of Compliance Status, as required by
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5)(vi).
(7) Where a storage vessel is located at a major source that
includes one or more process units which place material into, or
receive materials from the storage vessel, but the storage vessel is
located in a tank farm (including a marine tank farm), the
applicability of this subpart shall be determined according to the
provisions in paragraphs (f)(7)(i) through (f)(7)(iv) of this section.
(i) The storage vessel may only be assigned to a process unit that
utilizes the storage vessel and does not have an intervening storage
vessel for that product (or raw materials, as appropriate). With
respect to any process unit, an intervening storage vessel means a
storage vessel connected by hard-piping to both the process unit and to
the storage vessel in the tank farm so that product or raw material
entering or leaving the process unit flows into (or from) the
intervening storage vessel and does not flow directly into (or from)
the storage vessel in the tank farm.
(ii) If there is no process unit at the major source that meets the
criteria of paragraph (f)(7)(i) of this section with respect to a
storage vessel, this subpart does not apply to the storage vessel.
(iii) If there is only one process unit at the major source that
meets the criteria of paragraph (f)(7)(i) of this section with respect
to a storage vessel, the storage vessel shall be assigned to that
process unit. Applicability of this subpart to the storage vessel shall
then be determined according to the provisions of paragraph (a) of this
section.
(iv) If there are two or more process units at the major source
that meet the criteria of paragraph (f)(7)(i) of this section with
respect to a storage vessel, the storage vessel shall be assigned to
one of those process units according to the provisions of paragraphs
(f)(3) through (f)(6) of this section. The predominant use shall be
determined among only those process units that meet the criteria of
paragraph (f)(7)(i) of this section.
(8) If there is a change in the utilization of the storage vessel
that could reasonably be expected to change the predominant use, the
owner or operator shall redetermine to which process unit the storage
vessel belongs by reperforming the procedures specified in paragraphs
(f)(2) through (f)(7) of this section, as appropriate.
(g) Changes or additions to plant sites. The provisions of
paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(3) of this section apply to owners or
operators that change or add to their plant site or affected source.
Paragraph (g)(4) provides examples of what are and are not considered
process changes for purposes of paragraph (g) of this section.
(1) Adding a PMPU to a plant site. The provisions of paragraphs
(g)(1)(i)
[[Page 46821]]
and (g)(1)(ii) of this section apply to owners or operators that add
PMPUs to a plant site.
(i) If one or more PMPU is added to a plant site, the addition
shall be a new affected source and shall be subject to the requirements
for a new affected source in this subpart upon initial start-up or by
[insert date of publication of final rule], whichever is later, if the
addition meets the criteria specified in paragraphs (g)(1)(i)(A) and
(g)(1)(i)(B) and either (g)(1)(i)(C) or (g)(1)(i)(D) of this section:
(A) It is an addition that meets the definition of construction in
Sec. 63.2 of subpart A;
(B) Such construction commenced after September 4, 1997; and
(C) The addition has the potential to emit 10 tons per year or more
of any organic HAP or 25 tons per year or more of any combination of
organic HAP, and a polyether polyol is the primary product of the
addition and polyether polyols are currently produced at the plant site
as the primary product of an affected source; or
(D) A polyether polyol is not currently produced at the plant site
as the primary product of an affected source, and the plant site meets,
or after the addition is constructed will meet, the definition of a
major source in Sec. 63.2 of subpart A.
(ii) If a PMPU is added to a plant site, the addition shall be
subject to the requirements for an existing affected source in this
subpart upon initial start-up or by 3 years after [insert date of
publication of final rule], whichever is later, if the addition does
not meet the criteria specified in paragraph (g)(1)(i) of this section
and the plant site meets, or after the addition is completed will meet,
the definition of major source.
(2) Adding emission points or making process changes to existing
affected sources. The provisions of paragraphs (g)(2)(i) and (g)(2)(ii)
of this section apply to owners or operators that add emission points
or make process changes to an existing affected source.
(i) If any process change is made or emission point is added to an
existing affected source, the entire affected source shall be a new
affected source and shall be subject to the requirements for a new
affected source in this subpart upon initial start-up or by [insert
date of publication of final rule], whichever is later, if the process
change or addition meets the criteria specified in paragraphs
(g)(2)(i)(A) through (g)(2)(i)(B) of this section:
(A) It is a process change or addition that meets the definition of
reconstruction in Sec. 63.2 of subpart A; and
(B) Such reconstruction commenced after September 4, 1997.
(ii) If any process change is made or emission point is added to an
existing affected source, and the process change or addition does not
meet the criteria specified in paragraphs (g)(2)(i)(A) and (g)(2)(i)(B)
of this section, the resulting emission point(s) shall be subject to
the requirements for an existing affected source in this subpart. The
resulting emission point(s) shall be in compliance upon initial start-
up or by 3 years after [insert date of publication of final rule],
whichever is later.
(3) Existing affected source requirements for Group 2 emission
points that become Group 1 emission points. If a process change or
addition that does not meet the criteria in paragraph (g)(1)(i) or
(g)(2)(i) of this section is made to an existing plant site or existing
affected source, and the change causes a Group 2 emission point to
become a Group 1 emission point, for that emission point the owner or
operator shall comply with the requirements of this subpart for
existing Group 1 emission points. Compliance shall be achieved as
expeditiously as practical, but in no event later than 3 years after
the emission point becomes a Group 1 emission point.
(4) Determining what are and are not process changes. For purposes
of paragraph (g) of this section, examples of process changes include,
but are not limited to, additions in process equipment resulting in
changes in production capacity, production of a product outside the
scope of the compliance demonstration, or whenever there is a
replacement, removal, or addition of recovery equipment. For purposes
of paragraph (g) of this section, process changes do not include:
Process upsets, unintentional temporary process changes, and changes
that are within the equipment configuration and operating conditions
documented in the Notification of Compliance Status report required by
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(h) Applicability of this subpart except during periods of start-
up, shutdown, malfunction, or non-operation. Paragraphs (h)(1) through
(h)(3) of this section shall be followed during periods of start-up,
shutdown, malfunction, and non-operation of the affected source or any
part thereof.
(1) The provisions set forth in this subpart and the provisions
referred to in this subpart shall apply at all times except during
periods of non-operation of the affected source (or specific portion
thereof) resulting in cessation of the emissions to which this subpart
applies, or periods of start-up or shutdown, malfunction. However, if a
start-up, shutdown, malfunction, or period of non-operation of one
portion of an affected source does not affect the ability of a
particular emission point to comply with the specific provisions to
which it is subject, then that emission point shall still be required
to comply with the applicable provisions of this subpart during the
start-up, shutdown, malfunction, or period of non-operation. For
example, the degassing of a storage vessel would not affect the ability
of a process vent to meet the requirements of Secs. 63.1425 through
63.1430.
(2) The owner or operator shall not shut down items of equipment
that are required or utilized for compliance with this subpart during
times when emissions (or, where applicable, wastewater streams or
residuals) are being routed to such items of equipment if the shutdown
would contravene requirements applicable to such items of equipment.
This paragraph does not apply if the item of equipment is
malfunctioning, or if the owner or operator must shut down the
equipment to avoid damage due to a contemporaneous start-up, shutdown,
or malfunction of the affected source or portion thereof.
(3) During start-ups, shutdowns, and malfunctions when the
requirements of this subpart do not apply pursuant to paragraphs (h)(1)
through (h)(3) of this section, the owner or operator shall implement,
to the extent reasonably available, measures to prevent or minimize
excess emissions. For purposes of this paragraph, the term ``excess
emissions'' means emissions in excess of those that would have occurred
if there were no start-up, shutdown, or malfunction and the owner or
operator complied with the relevant provisions of this subpart. The
measures to be taken shall be identified in the applicable start-up,
shutdown, and malfunction plan, and may include, but are not limited
to, air pollution control technologies, recovery technologies, work
practices, pollution prevention, monitoring, and/or changes in the
manner of operation of the affected source. Back-up control techniques
are not required, but may be used if available.
Sec. 63.1421 Delegation of authority
(a) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a
State under section 112(l) of the Act, the authorities contained in
paragraph (b) of this section shall be retained by the Administrator
and not transferred to a State.
(b) Authorities which will not be delegated to the States: The
permission to use an alternative means of emission
[[Page 46822]]
limitation, from Sec. 63.6(g) of subpart A, and the authority of
Sec. 63.177 of subpart H.
Sec. 63.1422 Compliance schedule and relationship to existing
applicable rules.
(a) Affected sources are required to achieve compliance on or
before the dates specified in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this
section. Paragraph (e) of this section provides information on
requesting compliance extensions. Paragraphs (f) through (j) of this
section discuss the relationship of this subpart to subpart A and to
other applicable rules. Where an override of another authority of the
Act is indicated in this subpart, only compliance with the provisions
of this subpart is required. Paragraph (k) of this section specifies
the meaning of time periods.
(b) New affected sources that commence construction or
reconstruction after September 4, 1997 shall be in compliance with this
subpart upon initial start-up or by [insert date of publication of
final rule], whichever is later, as provided in Sec. 63.6(b) of subpart
A.
(c) Existing affected sources shall be in compliance with this
subpart (except for Sec. 63.1434 for which compliance is covered by
paragraph (d) of this section) no later than 3 years after [insert date
of publication of final rule], as provided in Sec. 63.6(c) of subpart
A, unless an extension has been granted as specified in paragraph (e)
of this section.
(d) Except as provided for in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of
this section, existing affected sources shall be in compliance with
Sec. 63.1434 no later than [date 6 months from date of publication of
final rule] unless an extension has been granted pursuant to section
112(i)(3)(B) of the Act, as discussed in Sec. 63.182(a)(6) of subpart
H.
(1) Compliance with the compressor provisions of Sec. 63.164 of
subpart H shall occur no later than [date 1 year from date of
publication of final rule] for any compressor meeting one or more of
the criteria in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (d)(1)(iv) of this
section, if the work can be accomplished without a process unit
shutdown, as defined in Sec. 63.161 of subpart H.
(i) The seal system will be replaced;
(ii) A barrier fluid system will be installed; or
(iii) A new barrier fluid will be utilized which requires changes
to the existing barrier fluid system.
(iv) The compressor must be modified to permit connecting the
compressor to a closed vent system.
(2) Compliance with the compressor provisions of Sec. 63.164 of
subpart H shall occur no later than [date 18 months from date of
publication of final rule], for any compressor meeting all the criteria
in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(iv) of this section.
(i) The compressor meets one or more of the criteria specified in
paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (d)(1)(iv) of this section;
(ii) The work can be accomplished without a process unit shutdown
as defined in Sec. 63.161 of subpart H;
(iii) The additional time is necessary, due to the unavailability
of parts beyond the control of the owner or operator; and
(iv) The owner or operator submits the request for a compliance
extension to the appropriate U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Regional Office at the addresses listed in Sec. 63.13 of subpart A no
later than 45 days before [date 6 months from date of publication of
final rule]. The request for a compliance extension shall contain the
information specified in Sec. 63.6(i)(6)(i)(A), (B), and (D) of subpart
A. Unless the EPA Regional Office objects to the request for a
compliance extension within 30 days after receipt of the request, the
request shall be deemed approved.
(3) If compliance with the compressor provisions of Sec. 63.164 of
subpart H cannot reasonably be achieved without a process unit
shutdown, as defined in Sec. 63.161 of subpart H, the owner or operator
shall achieve compliance no later than [date 2 years after date of
publication of final rule]. The owner or operator who elects to use
this provision shall submit a request for an extension of compliance in
accordance with the requirements of paragraph (d)(2)(iv) of this
section.
(4) Compliance with the compressor provisions of Sec. 63.164 of
subpart H shall occur not later than [date 3 years from date of
publication of final rule] for any compressor meeting one or more of
the criteria in paragraphs (d)(4)(i) through (d)(4)(iii) of this
section. The owner or operator who elects to use these provisions shall
submit a request for an extension of compliance in accordance with the
requirements of paragraph (d)(2)(iv) of this section.
(i) Compliance cannot be achieved without replacing the compressor;
(ii) Compliance cannot be achieved without recasting the distance
piece; or
(iii) Design modifications are required to connect to a closed-vent
system.
(5) Compliance with the surge control vessel and bottoms receiver
provisions of Sec. 63.170 of subpart H shall occur no later than [date
3 years from date of publication of final rule].
(e) Pursuant to section 112(i)(3)(B) of the Act, an owner or
operator may request an extension allowing the existing affected source
up to 1 additional year to comply with section 112(d) standards. For
purposes of this subpart, a request for an extension shall be submitted
to the permitting authority as part of the operating permit application
or to the Administrator as a separate submittal or as part of the
Precompliance Report. Requests for extensions shall be submitted no
later than 120 days prior to the compliance dates specified in
paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, except as discussed in
paragraph (e)(3) of this section. The dates specified in Sec. 63.6(i)
of subpart A for submittal of requests for extensions shall not apply
to this subpart.
(1) A request for an extension of compliance shall include the data
described in Sec. 63.6(i)(6)(i)(A), (B), and (D) of subpart A.
(2) The requirements in Sec. 63.6(i)(8) through Sec. 63.6(i)(14) of
subpart A shall govern the review and approval of requests for
extensions of compliance with this subpart.
(3) An owner or operator may submit a compliance extension request
after the date specified in paragraph (e) of this section, provided
that the need for the compliance extension arose after that date, and
the need arose due to circumstances beyond reasonable control of the
owner or operator. This request shall include, in addition to the
information specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, a statement
of the reasons additional time is needed and the date when the owner or
operator first learned of the problem.
(f) Table 1 of this subpart specifies the provisions of subpart A
of this part that apply and those that do not apply to owners and
operators of affected sources subject to this subpart. For the purposes
of this subpart, Table 3 of subpart F of this part is not applicable.
(g) Table 2 of this subpart summarizes the provisions of subparts
F, G, and H of this part that apply and those that do not apply to
owners and operators of affected sources subject to this subpart.
(h)(1) After the compliance dates specified in this section, an
affected source subject to this subpart that is also subject to the
provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart I, is required to comply only
with the provisions of this subpart.
(2) Sources subject to 40 CFR part 63, subpart I that have elected
to comply through a quality improvement program, as specified in
Sec. 63.175 or Sec. 63.176 or both of subpart H, may elect to continue
these programs without interruption as a means of complying with this
subpart. In other words, becoming subject to this subpart does not
restart or reset the ``compliance
[[Page 46823]]
clock'' as it relates to reduced burden earned through a quality
improvement program.
(i) After the compliance dates specified in this section, a storage
vessel that belongs to an affected source subject to this subpart that
is also subject to the provisions of 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb is
required to comply only with the provisions of this subpart. After the
compliance dates specified in this section, that storage vessel shall
no longer be subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb.
(j) Overlap with other regulations for monitoring, recordkeeping or
reporting with respect to combustion devices, recovery devices, or
recapture devices. After the compliance dates specified in this
subpart, if any combustion device, recovery device or recapture device
subject to this subpart is also subject to monitoring, recordkeeping,
and reporting requirements in 40 CFR part 264 subpart AA or CC, the
owner or operator may comply with either paragraph (j)(1) or (j)(2) of
this section. If, after the compliance dates specified in this subpart,
any combustion device, recovery device, or recapture device subject to
this subpart is subject to monitoring and recordkeeping requirements in
40 CFR part 265 subpart AA or CC, the owner or operator may comply with
either paragraph (j)(1) or (j)(3) of this section. If the owner or
operator elects to comply with either paragraph (j)(2) or (j)(3) of
this section, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator of
this choice in the Notification of Compliance Status required by
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(1) The owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring,
recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart.
(2) The owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring,
recordkeeping and reporting requirements in 40 CFR part 264, with the
following exception. All excursions, as defined in Sec. 63.1438(f) of
this subpart, shall be reported in the periodic report. Compliance with
this paragraph shall constitute compliance with the monitoring,
recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart.
(3) The owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring and
recordkeeping requirements of 40 CFR part 265 subpart AA or CC and the
periodic reporting requirements under 40 CFR part 264 subpart AA or CC
that would apply to the device if the facility had final-permitted
status, with the following exception. All excursions, as defined in
Sec. 63.1438(f) of this subpart, shall be reported in the periodic
report. Compliance with this paragraph shall constitute compliance with
the monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this
subpart.
(k)(1) Notwithstanding time periods specified in this subpart for
completion of required tasks, such time periods may be changed by
mutual agreement between the owner or operator and the Administrator,
as specified in subpart A of this part (e.g., a period could begin on
the compliance date or another date, rather than on the first day of
the standard calendar period). For each time period that is changed by
agreement, the revised period shall remain in effect until it is
changed. A new request is not necessary for each recurring period.
(2) Where the period specified for compliance is a standard
calendar period, if the initial compliance date occurs after the
beginning of the period, compliance shall be required according to the
schedule specified in paragraphs (k)(2)(i) or (k)(2)(ii) of this
section, as appropriate.
(i) Compliance shall be required before the end of the standard
calendar period within which the compliance deadline occurs, if there
remain at least 2 weeks for tasks that must be performed monthly, at
least 1 month for tasks that must be performed each quarter, or at
least 3 months for tasks that must be performed annually; or
(ii) In all other cases, compliance shall be required before the
end of the first full standard calendar period after the period within
which the initial compliance deadline occurs.
(3) In all instances where a provision of this subpart requires
completion of a task during each of multiple successive periods, an
owner or operator may perform the required task at any time during the
specified period, provided that the task is conducted at a reasonable
interval after completion of the task during the previous period.
Sec. 63.1423 Definitions.
(a) The following terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning
given them in subparts A (Sec. 63.2), F (Sec. 63.101), G (Sec. 63.111),
and H (Sec. 63.161) as specified after each term:
Act (subpart A)
Administrator (subpart A)
Automated monitoring and recording system (subpart G)
Boiler (subpart G)
Bottoms receiver (subpart H)
By-product (subpart F)
Car-seal (subpart G)
Closed-vent system (subpart G)
Combustion device (subpart G)
Commenced (subpart A)
Compliance date (subpart A)
Compliance schedule (subpart A)
Construction (subpart A)
Continuous monitoring system (subpart A)
Emission standard (subpart A)
EPA (subpart A)
Equipment (subpart H)
Equipment leak (subpart H)
Flow indicator (subpart G)
Fuel gas (subpart F)
Fuel gas system (subpart F)
Hard-piping (subpart G)
Heat exchange system (subpart F)
Impurity (subpart F)
Incinerator (subpart G)
In organic hazardous air pollutant (HAP) service (subpart H)
Major source (subpart A)
Malfunction (subpart A)
New source (subpart A)
Open-ended valve or line (subpart H)
Operating permit (subpart F)
Organic monitoring device (subpart G)
Owner or operator (subpart A)
Performance evaluation (subpart A)
Performance test (subpart A)
Permitting authority (subpart A)
Plant site (subpart F)
Potential to emit (subpart A)
Primary fuel (subpart G)
Process heater (subpart G)
Process unit shutdown (subpart H)
Process wastewater (subpart F)
Process wastewater stream (subpart G)
Reactor (subpart G)
Recapture device (subpart G)
Reconstruction (subpart A)
Relief valve (subpart G)
Research and development facility (subpart F)
Run (subpart A)
Secondary fuel (subpart G)
Sensor (subpart H)
Specific gravity monitoring device (subpart G)
Start-up, shutdown, and malfunction plan (subpart F)
State (subpart A)
Surge control vessel (subpart H)
Temperature monitoring device (subpart G)
Test method (subpart A)
Total resource effectiveness index value (subpart G)
Treatment process (subpart G)
Visible emission (subpart A)
(b) All other terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning
given them in this section. If a term is defined in a subpart
referenced above and in this section, it shall have the meaning given
in this section for purposes of this subpart.
Affected source is defined in Sec. 63.1420(a).
Annual average concentration, as used in conjunction with the
wastewater provisions, means the flow-weighted annual average
concentration and is determined by the procedures in Sec. 63.144(b) of
subpart G.
Annual average flow rate, as used in conjunction with the
wastewater provisions, is determined by the procedures in
Sec. 63.144(c).
Batch cycle means the step or steps, from start to finish, that
occur in a batch unit operation.
[[Page 46824]]
Batch unit operation means a unit operation involving intermittent
or discontinuous feed into equipment, and, in general, involves the
emptying of equipment after the batch cycle ceases and prior to
beginning a new batch cycle. Mass, temperature, concentration and other
properties of the process may vary with time. Addition of raw material
and withdrawal of product do not simultaneously occur in a batch unit
operations.
Catalyst extraction means the removal of the catalyst using either
solvent or physical extraction method.
Combination of process vents that are Group 1 means a group of
process vents that has a total resource effectiveness index value,
calculated according to Sec. 63.115 of subpart G, less than or equal to
1.0 for process vents from continuous unit operations. For process
vents from batch unit operations, the combination of process vents that
are Group 1 means a group of process vents that has a cutoff flow
greater than the annual average flow, calculated according to
Sec. 63.488(b) of subpart U.
Combination of process vents that are Group 2 means a group of
process vents that has a total resource effectiveness index value,
calculated according to Sec. 63.115 of subpart G, greater than 1.0 for
process vents from continuous unit operations. For process vents from
batch unit operations, the combination of process vents that are Group
2 streams means a group of process vents that has a cutoff flow less
than the annual average flow, calculated according to Sec. 63.488(b) of
subpart U.
Continuous record means documentation, either in hard copy or
computer readable form, of data values measured at least once during
approximately equal intervals of 15 minutes and recorded at the
frequency specified in Sec. 63.1439(d).
Continuous recorder is defined in Sec. 63.111, except that when the
definition in Sec. 63.111 reads ``or records 15-minute or more frequent
block average values,'' the phrase ``or records 1-hour or more frequent
block average values'' shall apply for purposes of this subpart.
Continuous unit operation means a unit operation where the inputs
and outputs flow continuously. Continuous unit operations typically
approach steady-state conditions. Continuous unit operations typically
involve the simultaneous addition of raw material and withdrawal of the
product.
Control technique means any equipment or process control used for
capturing, recovering, or oxidizing organic hazardous air pollutant
vapors. Such equipment includes, but is not limited to, absorbers,
adsorbers, boilers, condensers, flares, incinerators, process heaters,
and scrubbers, or any combination thereof. Process control includes
extended cookout (as defined in this section). Condensers operating as
reflux condensers that are necessary for processing, such as liquid
level control, temperature control, or distillation operation, shall be
considered inherently part of the process and will not be considered
control techniques.
Day means calendar day for the purposes of this subpart.
Emission point means an individual process vent, storage vessel,
wastewater stream, or equipment leak.
Epoxide means a chemical compound consisting of a three-membered
cyclic ether. Only emissions of epoxides listed in Table 4 (ethylene
oxide and propylene oxide) are regulated by the provisions of this
subpart.
Existing affected source is defined in Sec. 63.1420(a)(3).
Extended Cookout means a control technique that reduces the amount
of unreacted EO and/or PO (epoxides) in the reactor. This is
accomplished by allowing the product to react for a longer time period,
thereby having less unreacted epoxides and reducing epoxides emissions
that may have otherwise been emitted.
Flexible operation unit means a process unit that manufactures
different chemical products in addition to polyether polyols
periodically by alternating raw materials or operating conditions.
These units are also referred to as campaign plants or blocked
operations.
Group 1 storage vessel means a storage vessel that meets the
applicability criteria specified in Table 3 of this subpart.
Group 2 storage vessel means a storage vessel that does not fall
within the definition of a Group 1 storage vessel.
Group 1 wastewater stream means a process wastewater stream at an
existing or new affected source that meets the criteria for Group 1
status in Sec. 63.132(c) of subpart G, with the exceptions listed in
Sec. 63.1433(a)(10) for the purposes of this subpart (i.e., for organic
HAP listed on Table 5 of this subpart only).
Group 2 wastewater stream means any process wastewater stream as
defined in Sec. 63.101 of subpart F at an existing affected source that
does not meet the definition (in this section) of a Group 1 wastewater
stream.
Initial start-up means the first time a new or reconstructed
affected source begins production, or, for equipment added or changed
as described in Sec. 63.1420(g), the first time the equipment is put
into operation. Initial start-up does not include operation solely for
testing equipment. Initial start-up does not include subsequent start-
ups of an affected source or portion thereof following malfunctions or
shutdowns or following changes in product for flexible operation units.
Further, for purposes of Sec. 63.1422, initial start-up does not
include subsequent start-ups of affected sources or portions thereof
following malfunctions or process unit shutdowns.
Maintenance wastewater is defined in Sec. 63.101 of subpart F,
except that the term ``polyether polyol manufacturing process unit''
shall apply whenever the term ``chemical manufacturing process unit''
is used. Further, the generation of wastewater from the routine rinsing
or washing of equipment between batch cycles is not maintenance
wastewater, for the purposes of this subpart.
Make or modify the product means to produce the polyether polyol
with epoxides or other cyclic ethers with compounds having one or more
reactive hydrogens, and to add any preservatives/antioxidants in order
to maintain the quality of the finished product before shipping. Making
and modifying the product for this regulation does not include
grafting, polymerizing the polyol, or modifying it with compounds other
than EO or PO.
Maximum true vapor pressure is defined in Sec. 63.111 of subpart G,
except that the terms ``transfer'' and ``transferred'' shall not apply
for the purposes of this subpart.
Month means either a calendar month or a repeating 30-day period.
New affected source is defined in Sec. 63.1420(a)(4).
On-site or on site means, with respect to records required to be
maintained by this subpart or required by another subpart referenced by
this subpart, a location within the plant site where the affected
source is located. On-site storage of records includes, but is not
limited to, a location at the affected source or PMPU to which the
records pertain or a location elsewhere at the plant site where the
affected source is located.
Operating day refers to the 24-hour period defined by the owner or
operator in the Notification of Compliance Status required by
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5). That 24-hour period may be from midnight to
midnight or another 24-hour period. The operating day is the 24-hour
period for which daily average monitoring values are determined.
Organic hazardous air pollutant(s) (organic HAP) means one or more
of the
[[Page 46825]]
chemicals listed in Table 4 of this subpart, or any other chemical
which:
(1) Is knowingly introduced into the manufacturing process other
than as an impurity, or has been or will be reported under any Federal
or State program, such as EPCRA section 311, 312, or 313 or Title V;
and
(2) Is listed in Table 2 of subpart F of this part.
Polyether polyol means a compound formed through the polymerization
of ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) or other cyclic ethers
with compounds having one or more reactive hydrogens (i.e., a hydrogen
atom bonded to nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, etc.) to form
polyethers. This definition excludes materials regulated under the HON,
such as glycols and glycol ethers.
Polyether polyol manufacturing process unit (PMPU) means a
collection of equipment assembled and connected by process pipes or
ducts, used to process raw materials and to manufacture a polyether
polyol product as its primary product. A polyether polyol process unit
consists of more than one unit operation. This collection of equipment
includes reactors and their associated product separators and recovery
devices, distillation units and their associated distillate receivers
and recovery devices, other associated unit operations, storage
vessels, surge control vessels, bottoms receivers, product transfer
racks, connected ducts and piping, combustion, recovery, or recapture
devices or systems, and the equipment (i.e., all pumps, compressors,
agitators, pressure relief devices, sampling connection systems, open-
ended valves or lines, valves, connectors, and instrumentation systems
that are associated with the polyether polyol product process unit)
that are subject to the equipment leak provisions as specified in
Sec. 63.1434.
Primary product is defined in and determined by the procedures
specified in Sec. 63.1420(e).
Process means a logical grouping of processing equipment which
collectively function to produce a polyether polyols. A process may
consist of one or more unit operations. For the purpose of this
subpart, process includes all or a combination of reaction, recovery,
separation, purification, or other activity, operation, manufacture, or
treatment which are used to produce a polyether polyol.
Process condenser means a condenser whose primary purpose is to
recover material as an integral part of a unit operation. The condenser
must support a vapor-to-liquid phase change for periods of source
equipment operation that are above the boiling or bubble point of
substance(s). Examples of process condensers include distillation
condensers, reflux condensers, process condensers in line prior to the
vacuum source, and process condensers used in stripping or flashing
operations.
Process unit means a collection of equipment assembled and
connected by pipes or ducts to process raw materials and to manufacture
a product.
Process vent means a point of emission from a unit operation having
a gaseous emission stream. Unit operations that may have process vents
are condensers, distillation units, reactors, or other unit operations
within the PMPU. Process vents are points of emission from a unit
operation having a gaseous stream that is discharged to the atmosphere
either directly or after passing through one or more control, recovery,
or recapture devices. Process vents exclude pressure relief valve
discharges, gaseous streams routed to a fuel gas system(s), and leaks
from equipment regulated under Sec. 63.1434.
Product means a compound or material which is manufactured by a
process unit. By-products, isolated intermediates, impurities, wastes,
and trace contaminants are not considered products.
Product class means a group of polyether polyols with a similar
curve representing the decline in pressure versus time. All products
within a product class will have an essentially similar pressure
decline curve, and operate within a given set of operating conditions.
These operating conditions are: A minimum reaction temperature; the
number of --OH groups in the polyol; a minimum catalyst concentration;
the type of catalyst (e.g., self-catalyzed, base catalyst, or acid
catalyst); the epoxide ratio, or a range for that ratio, and; the
reaction conditions of the system (e.g., the size of the reactor, or
the size of the batch).
Recovery device means an individual unit of equipment capable of
and normally used for the purpose of recovering chemicals for fuel
value (i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse, or for sale for
fuel value, use, or reuse. Examples of equipment that may be recovery
devices include absorbers, carbon adsorbers, condensers (except reflux
condensers, because they are part of the reactor unit operation), oil-
water separators or organic-water separators, or organic removal
devices such as decanters, strippers, or thin film evaporation units.
When this subpart requires compliance with monitoring, recordkeeping,
or recording requirements of this subpart, recapture devices are
considered recovery devices.
Residual is defined in Sec. 63.111 of subpart G, except that when
the definition in Sec. 63.111 uses the term ``Table 9 compounds,'' the
term ``organic HAP listed in Table 9 of subpart G'' shall apply, for
the purposes of this subpart.
Shutdown means for purposes including, but not limited to, periodic
maintenance, replacement of equipment, or repair, the cessation of
operation of an affected source, a PMPU within an affected source, or a
unit operation within an affected source, including equipment required
or used to comply with this subpart, or the emptying or degassing of a
storage vessel. Shutdown does not include the normal periods between
batch cycles. For purposes of the wastewater provisions, shutdown does
not include the routine rinsing or washing of equipment between batch
cycles.
Start-up means the setting into operation of an affected source, a
PMPU within the affected source, or a unit operation within an affected
source, or equipment required or used to comply with this subpart, or a
storage vessel after emptying and degassing. For all processes, start-
up includes initial start-up and operation solely for testing
equipment. Start-up does not include the recharging of batch unit
operations. For continuous unit operations, start-up includes
transitional conditions due to changes in product for flexible
operation units. For batch unit operations, start-up does not include
transitional conditions due to changes in product for flexible
operation units.
Steady-state conditions means that all variables (temperatures,
pressures, volumes, flow rates, etc.) in a process do not vary
significantly with time; minor fluctuations about constant mean values
can occur.
Storage vessel means a tank or other vessel that is used to store
liquids that contain one or more organic HAP and that has been
assigned, according to the procedures in Sec. 63.1420(f), to a PMPU
that is subject to this subpart. Storage vessels do not include:
(1) Vessels permanently attached to motor vehicles such as trucks,
railcars, barges, or ships;
(2) Pressure vessels designed to operate in excess of 204.9
kilopascals and without emissions to the atmosphere;
(3) Vessels with capacities smaller than 38 cubic meters;
(4) Vessels and equipment storing and/or handling material that
contains no organic HAP, or organic HAP as impurities only;
(5) Surge control vessels and bottoms receiver tanks; and
[[Page 46826]]
(6) Wastewater storage tanks.
Total organic compounds (TOC) are those compounds, excluding
methane and ethane, measured according to the procedures of Method 18
or Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
Unit operation means one or more pieces of process equipment used
to make a single change to the physical or chemical characteristics of
one or more process streams. Unit operations include, but are not
limited to, reactors, distillation columns, extraction columns,
absorbers, decanters, condensers, and filtration equipment.
Vent stream, as used in reference to process vents, means the
emissions from a process vent.
Waste management unit is defined in Sec. 63.111, except that when
the definition in Sec. 63.111 of subpart H uses the term ``chemical
manufacturing process unit,'' the term ``PMPU'' shall apply for the
purposes of this subpart.
Wastewater means water that:
(1) Contains either
(a) an annual average concentration of organic HAP listed in Table
5 of this subpart of at least 5 parts per million by weight and has an
annual average flow rate of 0.02 liter per minute or greater or
(b) an annual average concentration of organic HAP listed on Table
5 of this subpart of at least 10,000 parts per million by weight at any
flow rate, and that
(2) is discarded from a PMPU that is part of an affected source.
Wastewater is process wastewater or maintenance wastewater.
Wastewater stream means a stream that contains wastewater as
defined in this section.
Year means any consecutive 12-month period or 365 rolling days.
(c) Sections 63.1432, 63.1433, 63.1434, and 63.1435, of this
subpart directly reference sections of subparts F, G, and H of this
part. Terms used in the referenced sections of subparts F, G, and H of
this part shall have the meanings given them in those subparts, as
appropriate, unless a term is also defined in paragraph (b) of this
section. If a term in a referenced section is defined in subpart F, G,
or H of this part and in paragraph (b) of this section, the definition
provided in paragraph (b) of this section shall override the definition
of the term in subpart F, G, or H of this part, for the purposes of
this subpart.
Sec. 63.1424 Emission standards.
(a) Except as provided under paragraphs (b) through (d) of this
section, the owner or operator of an existing or new affected source
shall comply with the provisions in:
(1) Sections 63.1425 through 63.1430 for process vents
(2) Section 63.1432 for storage vessels;
(3) Section 63.1433 for wastewater;
(4) Section 63.1434 for equipment leaks;
(5) Section 63.1435 for heat exchangers;
(6) Section 63.1437 for additional test methods and procedures;
(7) Section 63.1438 for monitoring levels and excursions; and
(8) Section 63.1439 for general reporting and recordkeeping
requirements.
(b) When emissions of different kinds (i.e., emissions from process
vents subject to Sec. 63.1425, storage vessels subject to Sec. 63.1432,
process wastewater, and/or in-process equipment subject to Sec. 63.149
of subpart G) are combined, and at least one of the emission streams
would require control according to the applicable provision in the
absence of combination with other emission streams, the owner or
operator shall comply with the requirements of either paragraph (b)(1)
or (b)(2) of this section.
(1) Comply with the applicable requirements of this subpart for
each kind of emission in the stream as specified in paragraphs (a)(1)
through (a)(6) of this section; or
(2) Comply with the first set of requirements identified in
paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(iv) of this section which applies
to any individual emission stream that is included in the combined
stream, where either that emission stream would be classified as
requiring control in the absence of combination with other emission
streams, or the owner chooses to consider that emission stream to
require control for the purposes of this paragraph. Compliance with the
first applicable set of requirements identified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i)
through (b)(2)(iv) of this section constitutes compliance with all
other requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(iv) of this
section applicable to other types of emissions in the combined stream.
(i) The requirements of this subpart for process vents subject to
Sec. 63.1425 through Sec. 63.1430 and that require controls, including
applicable monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting;
(ii) The requirements of Sec. 63.119(e) of subpart G, as specified
in Sec. 63.1432, for control of emissions from Group 1 storage vessels,
including applicable monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting;
(iii) The requirements of Sec. 63.139 of subpart G, as specified in
Sec. 63.1433, for control techniques used to control emissions from
waste management units, including applicable monitoring, recordkeeping,
and reporting; or
(iv) The requirements of Sec. 63.139 of subpart G, as specified in
Sec. 63.1433, for closed vent systems for control of emissions from in-
process equipment subject to Sec. 63.149 of subpart G, as specified in
Sec. 63.1433, including applicable monitoring, recordkeeping, and
reporting.
Sec. 63.1425 Process Vent Control Requirements.
(a) For each process vent at an affected source, the owner or
operator shall comply with the provisions of this section. Paragraphs
(b), (c), and (d) of this section are applicable to affected sources
that produce polyether polyol products using epoxides. There are three
separate emission limitations for process vents at affected sources
using epoxides. Paragraph (b) of this section contains emission
limitations for epoxide emissions; paragraph (c) of this section
contains limitations for organic HAP emissions resulting from the use
of nonepoxide organic HAP (in addition to epoxides) to make or modify
the polyether polyol product; and paragraph (d) of this section
contains limitations for emissions of organic HAP resulting from the
use of organic HAP in catalyst extraction. Owners and operators of all
affected sources using epoxides in the production of polyether polyol
products are subject to the requirements of paragraph (b) of this
section. Owners or operators are subject to the requirements of
paragraph (c) of this subpart only if nonepoxide organic HAP are used
to make or modify the polyether polyol product. Similarly, owners or
operators are subject to the requirements of paragraph (d) of this
section only if organic HAP are used in catalyst extraction. Paragraph
(e) of this section provides an overview of how other sections of this
subpart relate to demonstrating compliance with the control
requirements of paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section. The
owners or operator of an affected source where polyether polyol
products are produced using tetrahydrofuran shall comply with paragraph
(f) of this section.
(b) Requirements for epoxide emissions. The owner or operator of an
affected source where polyether polyol products are produced using
epoxides shall reduce epoxide emissions from process vents from batch
process unit operations and continuous process unit operations within
each PMPU in accordance with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this
section.
(1) For new affected sources, the owner or operator shall comply
with
[[Page 46827]]
either paragraph (b)(1)(i), (b)(1)(ii) or (b)(1)(iii) of this section.
(i) Reduce the total epoxide emissions from the sum total of all
process vents by an aggregated 99.9 percent;
(ii) [Reserved]; or
(iii) Maintain a PMPU-wide emission factor of no greater than
4.43 x 10-3 kilogram epoxide emissions per megagram of
product.
(2) For existing affected sources, the owner or operator shall
comply with either paragraph (b)(2)(i), (b)(2)(ii), or (b)(2)(iii) of
this section.
(i) Reduce the total epoxide emissions from the sum total of all
process vents by an aggregated 98 percent;
(ii) Maintain an outlet concentration of total epoxides after
combustion, recapture or recovery devices of 20 ppmv or less; or
(iii) Maintain a PMPU-wide emission factor of no greater than
1.69 x 10-2 kilogram epoxide emissions per megagram of
product.
(c) Requirements for nonepoxide HAP emissions making or modifying
the product. The owner or operator of a new or existing affected source
where polyether polyol products are produced using epoxides shall
determine the group status for the combination of process vents in each
PMPU that are associated with the use of one or more nonepoxide organic
HAP to make or modify the product. The group status shall be determined
using the procedures in Sec. 63.1428 (a) through (f) for process vents
from batch unit operations and Sec. 63.1428(h) for process vents from
continuous unit operations. Depending on the results of the group
status determination, the owner or operator shall comply with the
provisions of paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), (c)(3), or (c)(4) of this
section, as applicable. A PMPU that does not use any nonepoxide organic
HAP to make or modify the polyether polyol product is exempt from the
requirements of this paragraph.
(1) Process vents from batch unit operations--Group 1 requirements.
For PMPUs where nonepoxide organic HAP is used to make or modify the
product in batch unit operations, the owner or operator shall reduce
total nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from the combination of process
vents from batch unit operations associated with making or modifying
the product by an aggregated 90 percent if the combination of process
vents meets the Group 1 criteria contained in Sec. 63.1428 of this
subpart.
(2) Process vents from batch unit operations--Group 2 requirements.
For PMPUs where nonepoxide organic HAP is used to make or modify the
product in batch unit operations, and the combination of process vents
from batch unit operations associated with making or modifying the
product meets the Group 2 criteria, the owner or operator shall comply
with the provisions of Sec. 63.1428(g) of this subpart. No other
control requirements apply to these process vents.
(3) Process vents from continuous unit operations--Group 1
requirements. For PMPUs where nonepoxide organic HAP is used to make or
modify the product in continuous unit operations, the owner or operator
shall reduce total nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from the
combination of process vents from continuous unit operations that make
or modify the product by an aggregated 98 percent, if the combination
of process vents meets the Group 1 criteria contained in Sec. 63.1428
of this subpart.
(4) Process vents from continuous unit operations--Group 2
requirements. For PMPUs where nonepoxide organic HAP is used to make or
modify the product in continuous unit operations, and the combination
of process vents from continuous unit operations that make or modify
the product meets the Group 2 criteria, the owner or operator shall
comply with paragraphs (c)(4)(i) or (c)(4)(ii) of this section, as
applicable. No control requirements apply to these Group 2 process
vents.
(i) If the TRE for the combination of process vents is greater than
1.0 but less than 4.0, the owner or operator shall comply with the
monitoring provisions in Sec. 63.1429, the recordkeeping provisions in
Sec. 63.1430(d) and the provisions in Sec. 63.1428(h)(4).
(ii) If the TRE for the combination of process vents is greater
than 4.0, the owner or operator shall comply with the provisions in
Sec. 63.1428(h)(2).
(d) Requirements for nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from catalyst
extraction. The owner or operator of a new or existing affected source
where polyether polyol products are produced using epoxide compounds
shall reduce emissions of nonepoxide organic HAP from the sum total of
all process vents associated with catalyst extraction by an aggregated
90 percent for each PMPU. A PMPU that does not use any nonepoxide
organic HAP in catalyst extraction is exempt from the requirements of
this paragraph.
(e) This paragraph describes how Secs. 63.1426 through 63.1431 of
this subpart shall be used with the control requirements specified in
(b), (c), and (d) of this section.
(1) Compliance with requirements for epoxide emissions. (i) If an
owner or operator chooses to comply with the control efficiency
provisions in paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (b)(2)(i) of this section, the
owner or operator shall comply with the provisions of paragraph
(b)(1)(i) or (b)(2)(i) of this section by determining the epoxide
emissions before and after control.
(A) If extended cookout is not being used as a control technique to
reduce epoxide emissions, control efficiency shall be determined in
accordance with Sec. 63.1426 of this subpart. After the initial
determination of compliance, monitoring of combustion, recovery, or
recapture device performance shall be conducted in accordance with
Sec. 63.1429 of this subpart.
(B) If extended cookout is being used as a control technique to
reduce epoxide emissions, uncontrolled and controlled emissions and
control efficiency shall be determined in accordance with Sec. 63.1427
of this subpart. After the initial determination of compliance,
monitoring of the use of extended cookout shall be conducted in
accordance with the requirements of Sec. 63.1427(h) of this subpart.
(ii) If an owner or operator chooses to comply with the outlet
concentration provision in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, the
owner or operator shall determine the outlet concentration in
accordance with Sec. 63.1427 of this subpart. After the initial
determination of compliance, monitoring of combustion, recovery, or
recapture device performance or outlet concentration shall be conducted
in accordance with Sec. 63.1429 of this subpart.
(iii) If an owner or operator chooses to comply with the emission
factor limitation provisions in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii) of
this section, the owner or operator shall develop an epoxide annual
emissions plan, as specified in Sec. 63.1431 of this subpart. The owner
or operator shall demonstrate compliance with this plan and monitor
process and/or combustion, recovery, or recapture device parameters, in
accordance with Sec. 63.1431(c), (d), (e), and (f), as appropriate.
(2) Compliance with requirements for nonepoxide organic HAP
emissions from making or modifying the product. The owner or operator
shall comply with the provisions of paragraph (c) of this section in
accordance with paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this section, and with either
paragraph (e)(2)(ii) or (e)(2)(iii) of this section.
(i) For each PMPU, determine if the combination process vents from
unit operations that are associated with the use of a nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or modify the product meet the
[[Page 46828]]
Group 1 criteria provided in Sec. 63.1428(a) for the combination of
process vents from batch unit operations or Sec. 63.1428(b) for the
combination of process vents from continuous unit operations.
(ii) For combinations of process vents that are Group 1,
demonstrate compliance with paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section
by complying with the performance test requirements contained in
Sec. 63.1426. After the initial determination of compliance, compliance
shall be demonstrated by monitoring of combustion, recovery, or
recapture device performance, in accordance with Sec. 63.1429.
(iii) For combination of process vents that are Group 2, comply
with the monitoring requirements in Sec. 63.1429.
(f) Requirements for process vents at PMPUs that produce polyether
polyol products using tetrahydrofuran. For each process vent in a PMPU
that uses tetrahydrofuran (THF) to produce one or more polyether polyol
products that is, or is part of, an affected source the owner or
operator shall comply with the requirements of Secs. 63.113 through
63.118 of subpart G, except as provided for in paragraphs (f)(1)
through (f)(10) of this section.
(1) When December 31, 1992 (i.e., the proposal date for subpart G)
is referred to in Sec. 63.113 of subpart G, it shall be replaced with
September 4, 1997 for the purposes of this subpart.
(2) When Secs. 63.151(f), alternative monitoring parameters, and
63.152(e), submission of an operating permit, of subpart G are referred
to in Secs. 63.114(c) and 63.117(e) of subpart G, Sec. 63.1439(f),
alternative monitoring parameters, and Sec. 63.1439(e)(8), submission
of an operating permit, respectively, shall apply for the purposes of
this subpart.
(3) When the Notification of Compliance Status requirements
contained in Sec. 63.152(b) of subpart G are referred to in
Secs. 63.114, 63.117, and 63.118 of subpart G, the Notification of
Compliance Status requirements contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) shall
apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(4) When the Periodic Report requirements contained in
Sec. 63.152(c) of subpart G are referred to in Secs. 63.117 and 63.118
of subpart G, the Periodic Report requirements contained in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) shall apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(5) When the definition of excursion in Sec. 63.152(c)(2)(ii)(A) of
subpart G is referred to in Sec. 63.118(f)(2) of subpart G, the
definition of excursion in Sec. 63.1438(f) shall apply for the purposes
of this subpart.
(6) When Sec. 63.114(e) of subpart G specifies that an owner or
operator shall submit the information required in Sec. 63.152(b) of
subpart G in order to establish the parameter monitoring range, the
owner or operator shall comply with the provisions of Sec. 63.1438 for
establishing the parameter monitoring level and shall comply with
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5)(ii) or Sec. 63.1439(e)(8) for the purposes of
reporting information related to the establishment of the parameter
monitoring level, for the purposes of this subpart. Further, the term
``level'' shall apply whenever the term ``range'' is used in
Secs. 63.114, 63.117, and 63.118.
(7) When reports of process changes are required under
Sec. 63.118(g), (h), (i), or (j) of subpart G, paragraphs (e)(7)(i)
through (e)(7)(iv) of this section shall apply for the purposes of this
subpart.
(i) For the purposes of this subpart, whenever a process change, as
defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G, is made that causes a Group 2
process vent to become a Group 1 process vent, the owner or operator
shall submit a report within 180 days after the process change is made
or the information regarding the process change is known to the owner
or operator. This report may be included in the next Periodic Report.
The following information shall be submitted:
(A) A description of the process change; and
(B) A schedule for compliance with the provisions of this subpart,
as required under Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(1).
(ii) Whenever a process change, as defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of
subpart G, is made that causes a Group 2 process vent with a TRE
greater than 4.0 to become a Group 2 process vent with a TRE less than
4.0, the owner or operator shall submit a report within 180 days after
the process change is made or the information regarding the process
change is known to the owner or operator. This report may be included
in the next Periodic Report. The following information shall be
submitted:
(A) A description of the process change; and
(B) A schedule for compliance with the provisions of this subpart,
as required under Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(2).
(iii) Whenever a process change, as defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of
subpart G, is made that causes a Group 2 process vent with a flow rate
less than 0.005 standard cubic meter per minute (scmm) to become a
Group 2 process vent with a flow rate of 0.005 scmm or greater and a
TRE index value less than or equal to 4.0, the owner or operator shall
submit a report within 180 days after the process change is made or the
information regarding the process change is known to the owner or
operator. This report may be included in the next Periodic Report. The
following information shall be submitted:
(A) A description of the process change; and
(B) A schedule for compliance with the provisions of this subpart,
as required under Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(2).
(iv) Whenever a process change, as defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of
subpart G, is made that causes a Group 2 process vent with an organic
HAP concentration less than 50 parts per million by volume (ppmv) to
become a Group 2 process vent with an organic HAP concentration of 50
ppmv or greater and a TRE index value less than or equal to 4.0, the
owner or operator shall submit a report within 180 days after the
process change is made or the information regarding the process change
is known to the owner or operator. This report may be included in the
next Periodic Report. The following information shall be submitted:
(A) A description of the process change; and
(B) A schedule for compliance with the provisions of this subpart,
as required under Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(2).
(8) When Sec. 63.118 of subpart G refers to Sec. 63.152(f) of
subpart G, the recordkeeping requirements in Sec. 63.1439(d) shall
apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(9) When Secs. 63.115 and 63.116 of subpart G refer to Table 2 of
subpart F, the owner or operator shall only consider organic HAP as
defined in this subpart.
(10) When the provisions of Sec. 63.116 (c)(3) and (c)(4) of
subpart G specify that Method 18, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A shall be
used, Method 18 or Method 25A, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A may be used
for the purposes of this subpart. The use of Method 25A, 40 CFR part
60, appendix A shall comply with paragraphs (f)(10)(i) and (f)(10)(ii)
of this section.
(i) The organic HAP used as the calibration gas for Method 25A, 40
CFR part 60, appendix A shall be the single organic HAP representing
the largest percent by volume of the emissions.
(ii) The use of Method 25A, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A is
acceptable if the response from the high-level calibration gas is at
least 20 times the standard deviation of the response from the zero
calibration gas when the instrument is zeroed on the most sensitive
scale.
Sec. 63.1426 Process vent requirements for determining organic HAP
concentration, control efficiency, and aggregated organic HAP emission
reduction for a PMPU.
(a) Use of a flare. When a flare is used to comply with
Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(iii),
[[Page 46829]]
(b)(2)(i), (b)(2)(ii), (b)(2)(iii), (c)(1), (c)(3), or (d) of this
subpart, the owner or operator shall comply with the flare provisions
in Sec. 63.11(b) of subpart A, and is not required to demonstrate the
control efficiency. In order to use only a flare to comply with
Sec. 63.1425(b)(1)(i), an owner or operator shall submit a request in
accordance with Sec. 63.6(g) of subpart A.
(b) Exceptions to performance tests. An owner or operator is not
required to conduct a performance test when a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this
section is used to comply with Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) of this
subpart.
(1) A boiler or process heater with a design heat input capacity of
44 megawatts or greater.
(2) A boiler or process heater where the process vent stream is
introduced with the primary fuel or is used as the primary fuel.
(3) A combustion, recovery, or recapture device for which a
performance test was conducted for determining compliance with a
regulation promulgated by the EPA and the test was conducted using the
same Methods specified in this section and either no process changes
have been made since the test, or the owner or operator can demonstrate
that the results of the performance test, with or without adjustments,
reliably demonstrate compliance despite process changes.
(4) A boiler or process heater burning hazardous waste for which
the owner or operator:
(i) Has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and
complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H; or
(ii) Has certified compliance with the interim status requirements
of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.
(5) A hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator
has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and complies with
the requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O, or has certified
compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 265,
subpart O.
(c) Determination of organic HAP concentration and control
efficiency. Except as provided in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this
section, an owner or operator using a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device to comply with an organic HAP percent reduction
efficiency requirement in Sec. 63.1425, (b)(2)(i), (c)(1), (c)(3), or
(d) an organic HAP concentration limitation in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(ii)
or (b)(2)(ii), or an annual epoxide emission limitation Sec. 63.1425
(b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii), shall conduct a performance test using the
procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section. The
organic HAP concentration and percent reduction may be measured as
either total organic HAP or as TOC minus methane and ethane according
to the procedures specified. When conducting testing in accordance with
this section, the owner or operator is only required to measure HAP of
concern for the specific requirement for which compliance is being
determined. For instance, to determine compliance with the epoxide
emission requirement of Sec. 63.1426(b), the owner or operator is only
required to measure epoxide control efficiency or outlet concentration.
(1) Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate,
shall be used for selection of the sampling sites.
(i) For determination of compliance with a percent reduction of
total epoxide requirement in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), or a
percent reduction of total organic HAP requirement in paragraph (b)(1),
(b)(3), or (c) of this section, sampling sites shall be located at the
inlet of the combustion, recovery, or recapture device as specified in
paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(A), (c)(1)(i)(B), and (c)(1)(i)(C) of this
section, and at the outlet of the combustion, recovery, or recapture
device.
(A) For process vent from continuous unit operations, the inlet
sampling site shall be determined in accordance with either paragraph
(c)(1)(i)(A)(1) or (c)(1)(i)(A)(2) of this section.
(1) To demonstrate compliance with either the provisions for
epoxide emissions in Sec. 63.1425(b) or the provisions for organic HAP
emissions from catalyst extraction in Sec. 63.1425(d), the inlet
sampling site shall be located at the exit from the continuous unit
operation before any recovery devices, or
(2) To demonstrate compliance with the requirements for organic HAP
emissions from the use of nonepoxide organic HAP in making or altering
the product in Sec. 63.1425(c), the inlet sampling site shall be
located after the final recovery device.
(B) For process vents from batch unit operations, the inlet
sampling site shall be located at the exit from the batch unit
operation before any recovery device.
(C) If a process vent stream is introduced with the combustion air
or as a secondary fuel into a boiler or process heater with a design
capacity less than 44 megawatts, selection of the location of the inlet
sampling sites shall ensure the measurement of total organic HAP or TOC
(minus methane and ethane) concentrations in all process vent streams
and primary and secondary fuels introduced into the boiler or process
heater.
(ii) For determination of compliance with a parts per million by
volume total organic HAP limit in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(ii) or
(b)(2)(iii), the sampling site shall be located at the outlet of the
combustion, recovery, or recapture device.
(2) The gas volumetric flow rate shall be determined using Method
2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate.
(3) To determine compliance with a parts per million by volume
total organic HAP limit in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(ii) or (b)(2)(ii), the
owner or operator shall use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to
measure either TOC minus methane and ethane or total organic HAP (of
the HAP of concern). Alternatively, any other method or data that has
been validated according to the applicable procedures in Method 301 of
appendix A of this part, may be used. For combustion devices, the
following procedures shall be used to calculate parts per million by
volume concentration, corrected to 3 percent oxygen:
(i) Test duration shall be as specified in paragraphs (c)(3)(i)(A)
through (c)(3)(i)(E) of this section, as appropriate.
(A) Testing of process vents from continuous unit operations will
consist of three 1-hour runs. Gas stream volumetric flow rates shall be
measured at approximately equal intervals of about 15 minutes during
each 1-hour run. The HAP concentration shall be determined from samples
collected in an integrated sample over the duration of each 1-hour test
run, or from grab samples collected simultaneously with the flow rate
measurements (at approximately equal intervals of about 15 minutes). If
an integrated sample is collected for laboratory analysis, the sampling
rate shall be adjusted proportionally to reflect variations in flow
rate. For gas streams from continuous unit operations, the organic HAP
concentration or control efficiency used to determine compliance shall
be the average organic HAP concentration or control efficiency of the
three test runs.
(B) Testing of process vents from batch unit operations shall, at a
minimum, include testing for the worst-case episode or aggregated
episodes(s) in the batch cycle or cycles (in the event that equipment
is manifolded and vented through a common stack). Gas stream volumetric
flow rates shall be measured at 15-minute intervals, or at least once
during the emission episode. The HAP or TOC concentration shall be
[[Page 46830]]
determined from samples collected in an integrated sample over the
duration of the worst case episode(s), or from grab samples collected
simultaneously with the flow rate measurements (at approximately equal
intervals of about 15 minutes). If an integrated sample is collected
for laboratory analysis, the sampling rate shall be adjusted
proportionally to reflect variations in flow rate. The worst case
episode shall be characterized by the criteria presented in paragraph
(c)(3)(i)(B)(1), (c)(3)(i)(B)(2), or (c)(3)(i)(B)(3) of this section.
(1) The period of a batch cycle or combined cycles in which a
process vent gas will contain at least 50 percent of the total HAP load
(in lb) from the entire cycle or combined cycles (if more than one
cycle is vented through the same process vent) over a time duration
that is sufficient to include all batch cycles routed to the common
process vent. An emission profile as described in paragraph
(c)(3)(i)(C) of this section shall be used to identify the worst case
episode.
(2) A 1-hour period of time in which a process vent from the batch
cycle or combination of cycles (if more than one cycle is vented
through the same process vent) will contain the highest HAP mass
loading rate, in lb/hr, experienced over a time duration that is
sufficient to include all batch cycles routed to the common process
vent. An emission profile as described in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(C) of
this section shall be used to identify the worst case episode.
(3) If a condenser is used to control the process vent stream(s),
the worst case emission episode(s) shall represent a 1-hour period of
time in which a process vent from the batch cycle or combination of
cycles (if more than one cycle is vented through the same process vent)
will require the maximum heat removal capacity, in Btu/hr, to cool the
process vent stream to a temperature that, upon calculation of HAP
concentration, will yield the required removal efficiency for the
entire cycle. The calculation of maximum heat load shall be based on
the emission profile described in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(C) of this
section and a concentration profile that will allow calculation of
sensible and latent heat loads.
(4) For the purposes of testing the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device, the worst case episode may be simulated based on the
emissions profile described in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(C) of this section.
A simulated worst case episode must have a representative composition,
HAP load, and duration that would be predicted from the emission
profile.
(C) For process vents from batch unit operations, the owner or
operator may choose to perform tests only during those periods of the
worst-case episode(s) that the owner or operator selects to control as
part of achieving the required emission reduction. The owner or
operator must develop an emission profile for the process vent, based
on either process knowledge or test data collected, to demonstrate that
test periods are representative. The emission profile must profile HAP
loading rate (in lb/hr) versus time for all emission episodes
contributing to the process vent stack for a period of time that is
sufficient to include all batch cycles venting to the stack. Examples
of information that could constitute process knowledge include
calculations based on material balances, and process stoichiometry.
Previous test results may be used to develop an emissions profile,
provided the results are still representative of the current process
vent stream conditions.
(D) For testing of batch emission episodes of duration greater than
8 hours, the owner or operator shall perform at least 8 hours of
testing. The test period must include the period of time in which the
worst case emission episode(s) is predicted by the emission profile.
(E) For testing of batch emission episodes of greater than 1 hour,
the emission rate from a single test run may be used to determine
compliance. For testing of episodes less than or equal to 1 hour,
testing shall include three runs, each of a duration not less than the
duration of the worst case episode.
(ii) The concentration of either TOC (minus methane or ethane) or
total organic HAP, of the HAP of concern, shall be calculated according
to paragraph (c)(3)(ii)(A) or (c)(3)(ii)(B) of this section.
(A) The TOC concentration (CTOC) is the sum of the
concentrations of the individual components and shall be computed for
each run using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.000
Where:
CTOC = Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane), dry
basis, parts per million by volume.
Cji = Concentration of sample components j of sample i, dry
basis, parts per million by volume.
n = Number of components in the sample.
x = Number of samples in the sample run.
(B) The total organic HAP concentration (CHAP) shall be
computed according to equation 1, except that only the organic HAP
species shall be summed.
(iii) The concentration of TOC or total organic HAP shall be
corrected to 3 percent oxygen if a combustion device is used.
(A) The emission rate correction factor or excess air, integrated
sampling and analysis procedures of Method 3B of 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration
(%02d). The samples shall be taken during the same time that
the TOC (minus methane or ethane) or total organic HAP samples are
taken.
(B) The concentration corrected to 3 percent oxygen (Cc)
shall be computed using equation 2, as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.001
Where:
Cc = Concentration of TOC or organic HAP corrected to 3
percent oxygen, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
Cm = Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or
organic HAP, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
%02d = Concentration of oxygen, dry basis, percent by
volume.
(4) To determine compliance with a percent reduction requirement of
Sec. 63.1425(b)(1)(i), (b)(2)(i), (c)(1), (c)(3), or (d), the owner or
operator shall use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A;
alternatively, any other method or data that has been validated
according to the applicable procedures in Method 301 of appendix A of
this part may be used. The following procedures shall be used to
calculate percent reduction efficiency:
(i) Test duration shall be as specified in paragraphs (c)(3)(i)(A)
through (c)(3)(i)(E) of this section, as appropriate.
(ii) The mass rate of either TOC (minus methane and ethane) or
total organic HAP of the HAP of concern (Ei, Eo)
shall be computed.
(A) The following equations shall be used:
[[Page 46831]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.002
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.003
Where:
Cij, Coj = Concentration of sample component j of
the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device, respectively, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
Ei, Eo = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and
ethane) or total organic HAP at the inlet and outlet of the combustion,
recovery, or recapture device, respectively, dry basis, kilogram per
hour.
Mij, Moj = Molecular weight of sample component j
of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the combustion, recovery,
or recapture device, respectively, gram/gram-mole.
Qi, Qo = Flow rate of gas stream at the inlet and
outlet of the combustion, recovery, or recapture device, respectively,
dry standard cubic meter per minute.
K2 = Constant, 2.494 x 10-6 (parts per
million)-1 (gram-mole per standard cubic meter) (kilogram/
gram) (minute/hour), where standard temperature (gram-mole per standard
cubic meter) is 20 deg.C.
(B) Where the mass rate of TOC is being calculated, all organic
compounds (minus methane and ethane) measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR
part 60, appendix A are summed using equations 3 and 4 in paragraph
(c)(4)(ii)(A) of this section.
(C) Where the mass rate of total organic HAP is being calculated,
only the organic HAP species shall be summed using equations 3 and 4 in
paragraph (c)(4)(ii)(A) of this section.
(iii) The percent reduction in TOC (minus methane and ethane) or
total organic HAP shall be calculated using equation 5 as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.004
Where:
R = Control efficiency of combustion, recovery, or recapture device,
percent.
Ei = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total
organic HAP at the inlet to the combustion, recovery, or recapture
device as calculated under paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section,
kilograms TOC per hour or kilograms organic HAP per hour.
Eo = Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total
organic HAP at the outlet of the combustion, recovery, or recapture
device, as calculated under paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section,
kilograms TOC per hour or kilograms organic HAP per hour.
(iv) If the process vent stream entering a boiler or process heater
with a design capacity less than 44 megawatts is introduced with the
combustion air or as a secondary fuel, the weight-percent reduction of
total organic HAP or TOC (minus methane and ethane) across the device
shall be determined by comparing the TOC (minus methane and ethane) or
total organic HAP in all combusted process vent streams and primary and
secondary fuels with the TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total
organic HAP exiting the combustion device, respectively.
(d) Determination of uncontrolled organic HAP emissions. For each
process vent at a PMPU that is complying with Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(i),
(b)(1)(iii), (b)(2)(i), (b)(2)(iii), (c)(1), (c)(3), or (d) using a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device, the owner or operator shall
determine the uncontrolled organic HAP emissions in accordance with the
provisions of this paragraph, with the exceptions noted in paragraph
(d)(1) of this section. The provisions of this paragraph shall also be
used to calculate uncontrolled epoxide emissions prior to the onset of
an extended cook out and uncontrolled epoxide emissions prior to the
end of the extended cook out.
(1) The owner or operator is not required to determine uncontrolled
organic HAP emissions for process vents in a PMPU if the conditions in
paragraph (d)(1) (i), (ii), or (iii) of this section are met.
(i) For PMPUs where all process vents subject to the epoxide
emission reduction requirements of Sec. 63.1425(b) are controlled at
all times using a combustion, recovery, or recapture device, or
extended cookout, the owner or operator is not required to determine
uncontrolled epoxide emissions.
(ii) For PMPUs where the combination of process vents associated
with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether
polyol product is subject to the Group 1 requirements of either
Sec. 63.1425 (c)(1) or (c)(3), the owner or operator is not required to
determine uncontrolled nonepoxide organic HAP emissions for those
process vents if every process vent associated with the use of
nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify the polyether polyol product
in the PMPU is controlled at all times using a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device.
(iii) For PMPUs where all process vents associated with catalyst
extraction that are subject to the organic emission reduction
requirements of Sec. 63.1425(d) are controlled at all times using a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device, the owner or operator is not
required to determine uncontrolled organic HAP emissions for those
process vents.
(2) Process vents from batch unit operations. The uncontrolled
organic HAP emissions from an individual batch cycle for each process
vent from a batch unit operation shall be determined using the
procedures in Sec. 63.488 (b)(1) through (b)(7) of subpart U.
Uncontrolled emissions from process vents from batch unit operations
shall be determined at the exit from the batch unit operation before
any recovery device.
(3) Process vents from continuous unit operations. The uncontrolled
organic HAP emissions for each process vent from a continuous unit
operation in a PMPU shall be determined, at the location specified in
paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section, using the procedures in paragraph
(d)(3)(ii) of this section.
(i)(A) For process vents subject to either the provisions for
epoxide emissions in Sec. 63.1425(b) or the provisions for organic HAP
emissions from catalyst extraction in Sec. 63.1425(d), uncontrolled
emissions shall be determined at the exit from the continuous unit
operation before any recovery devices, or
(B) For process vents subject to the Group 1 requirements for
process vents associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP to make
or modify the polyether polyol product in Sec. 63.1425(c)(3) of this
subpart, uncontrolled nonepoxide organic HAP emissions shall be
determined after the final recovery device.
(ii) The owner or operator shall determine the hourly uncontrolled
organic HAP emissions from each process vent from a continuous unit
operation in accordance with paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section,
except that the emission rate shall be determined at the location
specified in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section.
(e) Determination of Organic HAP Emission Reduction for a PMPU. (1)
The owner or operator shall determine the organic HAP emission
reduction for process vents in a PMPU using Equation 6. The organic HAP
emission reduction must be determined for each group of
[[Page 46832]]
process vents subject to the same paragraph of Sec. 63.1425 of this
subpart. For instance, process vents that emit epoxides are subject to
paragraph (b) of Sec. 63.1425. Therefore, the organic HAP (i.e.,
epoxide) emission reduction must be determination for the group of
vents in a PMPU that are subject to this paragraph.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.005
Where:
REDPMPU = Organic HAP emission reduction for the group of
process vents exclusively subject to Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) of
this subpart, percent
Eunc,i = Uncontrolled organic HAP emissions from process
vent i that is controlled using a combustion, recovery, or recapture
device, kg/batch cycle for process vents from batch unit operations,
kg/hr for process vents from continuous unit operations
n = Number of process vents in the PMPU that are exclusively subject to
Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) of this subpart and that are controlled
using a combustion, recovery, or recapture device
Ri = Control efficiency of the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device used to control organic HAP emissions from vent i,
determined in accordance with paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
Eunc,j = Uncontrolled organic HAP emissions from process
vent j that is not controlled using a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device, kg/batch cycle for process vents from batch unit
operations, kg/hr for process vents from continuous unit operations
m = Number of process vents in the PMPU that are exclusively subject to
Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) of this subpart and that are not
controlled using a combustion, recovery, or recapture device.
(2) The control efficiency, Ri, shall be assigned as
specified below in paragraph (e)(2)(i) or (ii) of this section.
(i) If the process vent is controlled using a flare, or a
combustion device specified in paragraph (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(4), or
(b)(5) of this section and a performance test has not been conducted,
the control efficiency shall be assumed to be 98 percent.
(ii) If the process vent is controlled using a combustion,
recovery, or recapture device for which a performance test has been
conducted in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (c) of this
section, or for which a performance test that meets the requirements of
paragraph (b)(3) of this section has been previously performed, the
control efficiency shall be the efficiency determined by the
performance test.
Sec. 63.1427 Process vent requirements for processes using extended
cookout as an epoxide emission reduction device.
(a) Owners or operators of affected sources that produce polyether
polyol products using epoxides, and that are using extended cookout
(ECO) as a control technique to reduce epoxide emissions in order to
comply with percent emission reduction requirements in
Sec. 63.1425(b)(1)(i) or (b)(2)(i) shall determine the batch cycle
percent epoxide emission reduction for each product class in accordance
with the provisions of paragraphs (b) through (g) of this section.
Owners or operators shall also comply with the testing, monitoring, and
recordkeeping and reporting requirements associated with extended
cookout listed in paragraphs (h), (i), (j), and (k) of this section.
(1) For each product class, the owner or operator shall determine
the batch cycle percent epoxide emission reduction for the most
difficult to control product in the product class, where the most
difficult to control product is the polyether polyol product that is
manufactured with the slowest pressure decay curve.
(2) The owner or operator may determine the batch cycle percent
epoxide emission reduction by directly measuring the concentration of
the unreacted epoxide, or by using process knowledge, reaction
kinetics, and engineering knowledge. If the owner or operator elects to
use any method other than direct measurement, the percent reduction
must be determined by direct measurement for one product for each PMPU
to verify the accuracy of the estimation method selected.
(b) Define the end of epoxide feed. The owner or operator shall
define the end of the epoxide feed in accordance with paragraph (b)(1)
or (b)(2) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator shall determine the concentration of
epoxide in the reactor liquid at the point in time when all epoxide has
been added to the reactor and prior to any venting. This concentration
shall be determined in accordance with the procedures in paragraph
(f)(1)(i) of this section.
(2) If the conditions in paragraph (b)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) of
this section are met, the end of the epoxide feed may be defined by the
reactor epoxide partial pressure at the point in time when all epoxide
reactants have been added to the reactor. This reactor epoxide partial
pressure shall be determined in accordance with the procedures in
paragraph (g) of this section.
(i) No epoxide is emitted before the end of the ECO, and
(ii) Extended cookout is the only control technique to reduce
epoxide emissions, and
(iii) The owner or operator elects to determine the percent epoxide
emission reduction for the ECO using reactor epoxide partial pressure
in accordance with paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
(c) Define the onset of the ECO. The owner or operator shall
calculate the uncontrolled emissions for the batch cycle by calculating
the epoxide emissions prior to the onset of the ECO, if any, plus the
epoxide emissions at the onset of the ECO. The default onset of the ECO
is defined as the point in time when the combined unreacted epoxide
concentration in the reactor liquid is equal to 25 percent of the
concentration of epoxides at the end of the epoxide feed, which was
determined in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section.
(1) The uncontrolled epoxide emissions for the batch cycle shall be
determined using Equation 7.
Eepox,uncontrolled =
(Cliq,i)(Vliq,i)(Dliq,i) +
(Cvap,i)(Vvap,i)(Dvap,i) +
(Eepox,before)
[Equation 7]
Where:
Eepox,uncontrolled = Uncontrolled epoxide emissions at the
onset of the ECO, kilograms per (kg/)batch
Cliq,i = Concentration of epoxide in the reactor liquid at
the onset of the
[[Page 46833]]
ECO, which is equal to 25 percent of the concentration of epoxide at
the end of the epoxide feed, determined in accordance with paragraph
(b)(1) of this section, weight percent
Vliq,i = Volume of reactor liquid at the onset of the ECO,
liters
Dliq,i = Density of reactor liquid, kg/liter
Cvap,i = Concentration of epoxide in the reactor vapor space
at the onset of the ECO, determined in accordance with paragraph (f)(2)
of this section, weight percent
Vvap,i = Volume of the reactor vapor space at the onset of
the ECO, liters
Dvap,i = Vapor density of reactor vapor space at the onset
of the ECO, kg/liter
Eepox,before = Epoxide emissions that occur prior to the
onset of the ECO, determined in accordance with the provisions of
Sec. 63.1426(d), kilograms
(2) If the conditions in paragraphs (b)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) of
this section are met, the owner or operator may define the onset of the
ECO as the point in time when the reactor epoxide partial pressure
equals 25 percent of the reactor epoxide partial pressure at the end of
the epoxide feed, and is not required to determine the uncontrolled
epoxide emissions in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
(3) The owner or operator may request to define the onset of the
ECO differently than described in paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this
section by submitting a request, along with a justification for the
alternative definition of the onset of the ECO to the Administrator in
the Precompliance report.
(d) Determine emissions at the end of the ECO. The owner or
operator shall calculate the epoxide emissions at the end of the ECO,
where the end of the ECO is defined as the point immediately before the
time when the reactor contents are emptied and/or the reactor vapor
space purged to the atmosphere or to a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device.
(1) The epoxide emissions at the end of the ECO shall be determined
using Equation 8.
Eepox,ECO =
(Cliq,f)(Vliq,f)(Dliq,f) +
(Cvap,f)(Vvap,f)(Dvap,f)
[Equation 8]
Where:
Eepox, ECO = Epoxide emissions at the end of the ECO, kg
Cliq,f = Concentration of epoxide in the reactor liquid at
the end of the ECO, determined in accordance with paragraph (f)(1) of
this section, weight percent
Vliq,f = Volume of reactor liquid at the end of the ECO,
liters
Dliq,f = Density of reactor liquid, kg/liter
Cvap,f = Concentration of epoxide in the reactor vapor space
as it exits the reactor at the end of the ECO, determined in accordance
with paragraph (f)(2) of this section, weight percent
Vvap,f = Volume of the reactor vapor space as it exits the
reactor at the end of the ECO, liters
Dvap,f = Vapor density of reactor vapor space at the end of
the ECO, kg/liter
(2) If the conditions in paragraph (b)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) of
this section are met, the owner or operator may determine the reactor
epoxide partial pressure at the end of the ECO instead of determining
the uncontrolled epoxide emissions at the end of the ECO in accordance
with paragraph (d)(1) of this section.
(e) (1) The owner or operator shall determine the percent epoxide
emission reduction for the batch cycle using Equation 9.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.006
Where:
Rbatchcycle = Epoxide emission reduction for the batch
cycle, percent
Ee,E = Epoxide emissions at the end of the ECO determined in
accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section, kilograms
Raddon,i = Control efficiency of combustion, recovery, or
recapture device that is used to control epoxide emissions after the
ECO, determined in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 63.1426(c),
percent
Ee,o = Epoxide emissions that occur before the end of the
ECO, determined in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 63.1426(d),
kilograms
Raddon,j = Control efficiency of combustion, recovery, or
recapture device that is used to control epoxide emissions that occur
before the end of the ECO, determined in accordance with the provisions
of Sec. 63.1426(c), percent
Ee,u = Uncontrolled epoxide emissions determined in
accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, kilograms
(2) If the conditions in paragraphs (b)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) of
this section are met, the owner or operator may determine the percent
epoxide emission reduction for the batch cycle using reactor epoxide
partial pressure and Equation 10, instead of using the procedures in
paragraph (e)(1) of this section.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP04SE97.007
Where:
Rbatchcycle = Epoxide emission reduction for the batch
cycle, percent
Pepox,i = Reactor epoxide partial pressure at the onset of
the ECO, determined in accordance with paragraph (c)(2) of this
section, mm Hg
Pepox,f = Reactor epoxide partial pressure at the end of the
ECO, determined in accordance with paragraph (c)(2) of this section, mm
Hg
(f) Determination of epoxide concentrations. The owner or operator
shall determine the epoxide concentrations in accordance with the
procedures in this paragraph.
(1) Determination of epoxide concentration in reactor liquid. The
owner or operator shall determine the concentration of epoxide in the
reactor liquid using either direct measurement in accordance with
paragraph (f)(1)(i) of
[[Page 46834]]
this section or reaction kinetics in accordance with paragraph
(f)(1)(ii) of this section. An owner or operator may also request to
use an alternative methodology in accordance with paragraph (f)(1)(iii)
of this section.
(i) The owner or operator shall submit a standard operating
procedure for obtaining the liquid sample, along with the test method
used to determine the epoxide concentration. This information shall be
submitted in the precompliance report.
(ii) Determine the epoxide concentration in the reactor liquid
using Equation 11.
Cliq,f = Cliq,ie-kt
[Equation 11]
Note: This equation assumes a first order reaction with respect
to epoxide concentration.
Where:
Cliq,f = Concentration of epoxide in the reactor liquid at
the end of the time period, weight percent
Cliq,i = Concentration of epoxide in the reactor liquid at
the beginning of the time period, weight percent
k = Reaction rate constant, 1/hr
t = Time, hours
(iii) If the owner/operator deems that the methods listed in
paragraph (f)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section are not appropriate for
the reaction system for a PMPU, then the owner/operator may submit a
request for the use of an alternative method.
(2) Determination of concentration of epoxide in the reactor vapor
space. The owner or operator shall determine the concentration of
epoxide in the reactor vapor space using either direct measurement in
accordance with paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section or by engineering
estimation in accordance with paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this section. An
owner or operator may also request to use an alternative methodology in
accordance with paragraph (f)(2)(iii) of this section.
(i) The owner or operator shall take two representative samples
from a bleed valve off the reactor's process vent. The owner or
operator shall determine the total epoxide concentration using 40 CFR
part 69, Appendix A, Method 18.
(ii) Determine the epoxide concentration in the vapor space using
Raoult's Law or another appropriate phase equilibrium equation and the
liquid epoxide concentration, determined in accordance with paragraph
(f)(1) of this section.
(iii) If the owner/operator deems that the methods listed in
paragraph (f)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section are not appropriate for
the reaction system for a PMPU, then the owner/operator may submit a
request for the use of an alternative method.
(g) Determination of pressure. The owner or operator shall
determine the total pressure of the system using standard pressure
measurement devices calibrated in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations.
(h) ECO Monitoring Requirements. The owner or operator using ECO
shall comply with the monitoring requirements of this paragraph to
demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitation.
Paragraphs (h)(1) through (h)(3) of this section address monitoring of
the extended cookout.
(1) To comply with the provisions of this section, the owner or
operator shall monitor one of the parameters listed in paragraphs
(h)(1) (i) through (iii) of this section, or may utilize the provision
in paragraph (h)(1)(iv) of this section.
(i) Time from the end of the epoxide feed;
(ii) The epoxide partial pressure in the reactor; and
(iii) Direct measurement of epoxide concentration in the reactor
liquid at the end of the ECO; or
(iv) An owner or operator may submit a request to the Administrator
to monitor a parameter other than the parameters listed in paragraphs
(h)(1) (i) through (iii) of this section, as described in
Sec. 63.1439(f).
(2) During the determination of the percent epoxide emission
reduction in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section, the owner or
operator shall establish, as a level that must be maintained during
periods of operation, one of the parameters in paragraphs (h)(2)(i)
through (h)(2)(iii) of this section, or may utilize the procedure in
paragraph (h)(2)(iv) of this section, for each product class.
(i) The time from the end of the epoxide feed to the end of the
ECO;
(ii) The reactor epoxide partial pressure at the end of the ECO;
and
(iii) The epoxide concentration in the reactor liquid at the end of
the ECO; or
(iv) An owner or operator may submit a request to the Administrator
to monitor a parameter other than the parameters listed in paragraphs
(h)(2) (i) through (iii) of this section, as described in
Sec. 63.1439(f).
(3) For each batch cycle where ECO is used to reduce epoxide
emissions, the owner or operator shall record the value of the
monitored parameter at the end of the ECO. This parameter is then
compared with the level established in accordance with paragraph (h)(2)
of this section to determine if an excursion has occurred. An ECO
excursion is defined as one of the situations described in paragraphs
(h)(3) (i) through (v) of this section.
(i) When the time from the end of the epoxide feed to the end of
the ECO is less than the level established in paragraph (h)(2)(i) of
this section;
(ii) When the reactor epoxide partial pressure at the end of the
ECO is greater than the level established in paragraph (h)(2)(ii) of
this section;
(iii) When the epoxide concentration in the reactor liquid at the
end of the ECO is greater than the level established in paragraph
(h)(2)(iii) of this section;
(iv) When the parameter is not measured and recorded at the end of
the ECO; or
(v) When the alternative monitoring parameter is outside the range
established under Sec. 63.1439(f) for proper operation of the ECO as a
control technique.
(i) Recordkeeping requirements. The owner or operator shall
maintain the records specified in this paragraph.
(1) Records for each product class. The owner or operator shall
maintain the records specified in paragraph (i)(1) (i) and (ii) of this
section for each product class. The owner or operator shall also
maintain the records related to the initial determination of the
percent epoxide emission reduction specified in paragraph (i)(1) (iii)
through (x) of this section, as applicable, for each product class.
(i) Operating conditions of the product class, including
(A) Pressure decline curve
(B) Minimum reaction temperature
(C) Number of -OH groups in the catalyst feed
(D) Minimum catalyst concentration
(E) The EO/PO ratio
(F) Reaction conditions, including the size of the reactor or batch
(ii) A listing of all products in the product class, along with the
information specified in paragraph (i)(1)(i) (A) through (F) of this
section for each product.
(iii) The concentration of epoxide at the end of the epoxide feed,
determined in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(iv) The concentration of epoxide at the end of onset of the ECO,
determined in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(v) The uncontrolled epoxide emissions at the onset of the ECO,
determined in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section. The
records shall also include all the background data, measurements, and
assumptions used to calculate the uncontrolled epoxide emissions.
[[Page 46835]]
(vi) The epoxide emissions at the end of the ECO, determined in
accordance with paragraph (d)(1) of this section. The records shall
also include all the background data, measurements, and assumptions
used to calculate the epoxide emissions.
(vii) The percent epoxide reduction for the batch cycle, determined
in accordance with paragraph (e)(1) of this section. The records shall
also include all the background data, measurements, and assumptions
used to calculate the percent reduction.
(viii) The parameter level, established in accordance with
paragraph (h)(3) of this section.
(ix) If a combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used to
reduce emissions, the owner or operator shall maintain the records
specified in Sec. 63.1430 (b) and (c).
(x) If epoxide emissions occur before the end of the ECO, the owner
or operator shall maintain records of the time and duration of all such
emission episodes that occur during the initial demonstration of batch
cycle efficiency.
(xi) If the conditions in paragraphs (b)(2) (i), and (ii), and
(iii) of this section are met, the owner or operator is not required to
maintain the records specified in paragraphs (i)(1) (iii) through (iv)
of this section, but shall maintain the records specified in paragraphs
(i)(1)(xi) (A), (B), and (C) of this section.
(A) The reactor epoxide partial pressure at the following times,
(1) at end of the epoxide feed, determined in accordance with
paragraph (b)(2) of this section,
(2) at the onset of the ECO, established in accordance with
paragraph (c)(2) of this section,
(3) at the end of the ECO, determined in accordance with paragraph
(d)(2) of this section.
(B) The percent epoxide reduction for the batch cycle, determined
in accordance with paragraph (e)(2) of this section. The records shall
also include all the measurements and assumptions used to calculate the
percent reduction.
(C) The reactor epoxide partial pressure at the end of the ECO.
(2) Continuous records. The owner or operator shall maintain the
records specified in paragraphs (i)(2) (i) through (iv) of this
section.
(i) For each batch cycle, the product being produced and the
product class to which it belongs.
(ii) For each batch cycle, the owner or operator shall record the
value of the parameter monitored in accordance with paragraph (h)(3) of
this section.
(iii) If a combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used in
conjunction with ECO, the owner or operator shall record the
information specified in Sec. 63.1430(d) and comply with the monitoring
provisions in Sec. 63.1429 of this subpart.
(iv) If a combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used to
reduce emissions, the owner or operator shall maintain the records
specified in Sec. 63.1430(d) of this subpart.
(v) If epoxide emissions occur before the end of the ECO, the owner
or operator shall maintain records of the time and duration of all such
emission episodes.
(j) Reporting requirements. The owner or operator shall comply with
the reporting requirements for this paragraph.
(1) Precompliance report. The information specified in paragraphs
(j)(1) (i) through (iii) of this section shall be provided in the
Precompliance Report, as specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(4) of this
subpart.
(i) A request to define the onset of the ECO in a manner different
than provided in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section, as
provided for in paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
(ii) A standard operating procedure for obtaining the reactor
liquid sample and a method that will be used to determine the epoxide
concentration in the liquid, in accordance with paragraph (f)(1)(i) of
this section.
(iii) A request to monitor a parameter other than those specified
in paragraph (h)(1) (i), (ii), or (iii) of this section, as provided
for in paragraph (h)(1)(iv) of this section.
(2) Notification of compliance status report. The information
specified in paragraphs (j)(2) (i) through (iv) of this section shall
be provided in the Notification of Compliance Status report, as
specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) of this subpart.
(i) For each product class, the information specified in paragraphs
(j)(2)(i) (A) through (C) of this section.
(A) The operating conditions of this product class, as specified in
paragraph (i)(1)(i) of this section.
(B) A list of all products in the product class.
(C) The percent epoxide emission reduction, determined in
accordance with paragraph (e) of this section.
(ii) The parameter for each product class, as determined in
accordance with paragraph (h)(2) of this section,
(iii) If a combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used to
reduce emissions, the information specified in Sec. 63.1430(g) of this
subpart
(iv) If epoxide emissions occur before the end of the ECO, a
listing of the time and duration of all such emission episodes that
occur during the initial demonstration of batch cycle efficiency.
(3) Periodic reports. The information specified in paragraphs
(j)(3) (i) through (iii) of this section shall be provided in the
periodic report, as specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) of this subpart.
(i) Reports of each batch cycle for which an ECO excursion
occurred, as defined in paragraph (h)(3) of this section.
(ii) Notification of each batch cycle when the time and duration of
epoxide emissions before the end of the ECO, recorded in accordance
with paragraph (i)(2)(iv) of this section, exceed the time and duration
of the emission episodes during the initial epoxide emission percentage
reduction determination, as recorded in paragraph (i)(1)(viii) of this
section.
(iii) If a combustion, recovery, or recapture device is used to
reduce emissions, the information specified in Sec. 63.1430(h) of this
subpart.
(k) New polyether polyol products. If an owner or operator wishes
to utilize extended cookout as a control option for a polyether polyol
product not previously assigned to a product class and reported to the
Agency in accordance with either paragraph (j)(2)(i)(B), (k)(1)(ii), or
(k)(2)(iii) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with
the provisions of paragraph (k) (1) or (2) of this section.
(1) If the operating conditions of the new polyether polyol product
are consistent with the operating conditions for an existing product
class, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in
paragraphs (k)(1)(i) and (2) of this section.
(i) The owner or operator shall update the list of products for the
product class required by paragraph (i)(1)(ii) of this section, and
shall record the information in paragraphs (i)(1)(i) (A) through (G) of
this section for the new product,
(ii) Within 180 days of the production of the new polyether polyol
product, the owner or operator shall submit a report updating the
product list originally for the product class. This information may be
submitted along with the next Periodic Report.
(2) If the operating conditions of the new polyether product do not
conform with the operating characteristics of an existing product
class, the owner or operator shall establish a new product class and
shall comply with provisions of paragraphs (k)(2) (i) through (iii) of
this section.
(i) The owner or operator shall establish the batch cycle percent
epoxide emission reduction in accordance with paragraphs (b) through
(g) of this section for the product class,
[[Page 46836]]
(ii) The owner or operator shall establish the records specified in
paragraph (i)(1) of this section for the product class,
(iii) Within 180 days of the production of the new polyether polyol
product, the owner or operator shall submit a report containing the
information specified in paragraph (j)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(l) Polyether polyol product changes. If a change in operation, as
defined in paragraph (l)(1) of this section, occurs for a polyether
polyol product that has been assigned to a product class and reported
to the Agency in accordance with either paragraph (j)(2)(i)(B),
(k)(1)(ii), or (k)(2)(iii) of this section, the owner or operator shall
comply with the provisions of paragraph (l) (2) through (3) of this
section.
(1) A change in operation for a polyether polyol product is defined
as a change in any one of the parameters listed in paragraph (l)(1) (i)
through (ix) of this section.
(i) A significant change in reaction kinetics,
(ii) Use of a different oxide reactant,
(iii) Use of a different EO/PO ratio,
(iv) A lower reaction temperature,
(v) A lower catalyst feed on a mole/mole fraction OH basis,
(vi) A shorter cookout,
(vii) A lower reactor pressure,
(viii) A different type of reaction (e.g., a self-catalyzed vs.
catalyzed reaction), or
(ix) A marked change in reaction conditions (e.g., a markedly
different liquid level).
(2) If the operating conditions of the product after the change in
operation remain within the operation conditions of the product class
to which the product was assigned, the owner or operator shall only
update the records specified in paragraphs (i)(1)(i) (A) through (G) of
this section for the product.
(3) If the operating conditions of the product after the change in
operation are outside of the operating conditions of the product class
to which the product was assigned, the owner or operator shall comply
with the requirements in paragraph (g)(3) (i) or (ii) of this section,
as appropriate.
(i) If the new operating conditions of the polyether polyol product
are consistent with the operating conditions for another existing
product class, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements
in paragraphs (l)(3)(i) (A) and (B) of this section.
(A) The owner or operator shall update the list of products for the
product class required by paragraph (i)(1)(ii) of this section, and
shall record the new information in paragraphs (i)(1)(i) (A) through
(G) of this section for the product.
(B) Within 180 days of the change in operating conditions for the
polyether polyol product, the owner or operator shall submit a report
updating the product list originally for the product class. This
information may be submitted along with the next Periodic Report.
(ii) If the new operating conditions of the polyether product do
not conform with the operating characteristics of an existing product
class, the owner or operator shall establish a new product class and
shall comply with provisions of paragraphs (l)(3)(i) (A) through (C) of
this section.
(A) The owner or operator shall establish the batch cycle percent
epoxide emission reduction in accordance with (b) through (g) of this
section for the product class.
(B) The owner or operator shall establish the records specified in
paragraph (i)(1) of this section for the product class.
(C) Within 180 days of the change in operating conditions for the
polyether polyol product, the owner or operator shall submit a report
containing the information specified in paragraphs (j)(2) (i) and (ii)
of this section.
Sec. 63.1428 Process vent requirements for group determination of
PMPUs using a nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify the product.
(a) Process vents from batch unit operations. The owner or operator
shall determine, for each PMPU located at an affected source, the group
status of the combination of all process vents from batch unit
operations that are associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP
to make or modify a polyether polyol product. This group status shall
be determined in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section using
the annual uncontrolled nonepoxide organic HAP emissions determined in
accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, the annual average flow
rate determined in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section, and
the cutoff flow rate determined in accordance with paragraph (e) of
this section.
(b) Determination of annual nonepoxide organic HAP emissions. The
owner or operator shall determine, for each PMPU, the total annual
nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from the combination of all process
vents from batch unit operations that are associated with the use of a
nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product in
accordance with paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
(1) The annual nonepoxide organic HAP emissions for each process
vent from a batch unit operation associated with the use of a
nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product
shall be determined using the procedures in Sec. 63.488(b) of subpart
U.
(2) The owner or operator shall sum the annual nonepoxide organic
HAP emissions from all individual process vents from batch unit
operations in a PMPU, determined in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of
this section, to obtain the total nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from
the combination of process vents associated with the use of a
nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product,
for the PMPU.
(c) Minimum emission level exemption. If the annual emissions of
TOC or nonepoxide organic HAP from the combination of process vents
from batch unit operations that are associated with the use of
nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol for a PMPU
are less than 11,800 kg/yr, the combination is considered to be Group
2, and the owner or operator of that PMPU shall comply with the
requirements in Sec. 63.1425(c)(4). The owner or operator of that PMPU
is not required to comply with the provisions in paragraphs (d) through
(f) of this section.
(d) Determination of average flow rate and annual average flow
rate. The owner or operator shall determine, for each PMPU, the total
annual average flow rate for the combination of all process vents from
batch unit operations that are associated with the use of a nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product in accordance
with paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this section.
(1) The annual average flow rate for each process vent from batch
unit operations that is associated with the use of nonepoxide organic
HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product shall be determined
using the procedures in Sec. 63.488(e) of subpart U.
(2) The owner or operator shall sum the annual average flow rates
from the individual process vents from batch unit operations in a PMPU,
determined in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) of this section, to
obtain the total annual average flow rate for the combination of
process vents associated with the use of a nonepoxide organic HAP to
make or modify a polyether polyol product, for the PMPU.
(e) Determination of cutoff flow rate. For each PMPU at an affected
source
[[Page 46837]]
that uses nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol
product, the owner or operator shall calculate the cutoff flow rate
using Equation 12.
CFR = (0.00437)(AE)- 51.6
[Equation.12]
Where:
CFR = Cutoff flow rate, standard cubic meters per minute (scmm).
AE = Annual TOC or nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from the
combination of process vents from batch unit operations that are
associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a
polyether polyol product, as determined in paragraph (b)(2) of this
section, kg/yr.
(f) Group 1/Group 2 status determination. To determine the group
status of the combination of process vents in a PMPU from batch unit
operations that are associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP
to make or modify a polyether polyol product, the owner or operator
shall compare the cutoff flow rate, calculated in accordance with
paragraph (e) of this section, with the annual average flow rate,
determined in accordance with paragraph (d)(2) of this section. The
group determination status shall be made using the criteria specified
in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section.
(1) If the cutoff flow rate is greater than or equal to the annual
average flow rate of the streams, the combination of process vents from
batch unit operations in a PMPU that are associated with the use of
nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol is
classified as Group 1.
(2) If the cutoff flow rate is less than the annual average flow
rate of the streams, the combination of process vents from batch unit
operations in a PMPU that are associated with the use of nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol is classified as Group
2.
(g) Process changes affecting Group 2 combinations of process vents
in a PMPU that are from batch unit operations. Whenever process
changes, as described in paragraph (g)(1) of this section, are made
that affect a Group 2 combination of process vents from batch unit
operations in a PMPU that are associated with the use of nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol and that could
reasonably be expected to change the group status from Group 2 to Group
1, the owner or operator shall comply with paragraphs (g)(2) and (g)(3)
of this section.
(1) Examples of process changes include, but are not limited to,
changes in production capacity, production rate, feedstock type, or
catalyst type; or whenever there is replacement, removal, or
modification of recovery equipment considered part of the batch unit
operation. Any change that results in an increase in the annual
nonepoxide organic HAP emissions from the estimate used in the previous
group determination constitutes a process change, for the purpose of
these provisions. For purposes of this paragraph, process changes do
not include: Process upsets; unintentional, temporary process changes;
and changes that are within the margin of variation on which the
original group determination was based.
(2) For each process affected by a process change, the owner or
operator shall redetermine the group status by repeating the procedures
specified in paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section, as applicable.
Alternatively, engineering assessment, as described in
Sec. 63.488(b)(6)(i) of subpart U, may be used to determine the effects
of the process change.
(3) Based on the results of paragraph (g)(2) of this section,
owners or operators shall comply with either paragraph (g)(3) (i) or
(ii) of this section.
(i) If the redetermination described in paragraph (g)(2) of this
section indicates that the group status of the combination of process
vents from batch unit operations in a PMPU that are associated with the
use of nonepoxide organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol
changes from Group 2 to Group 1 as a result of the process change, the
owner or operator shall submit a report as specified in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(1) and shall comply with Group 1 provisions
in this subpart, as specified in Sec. 63.1420(g)(3).
(ii) If the redetermination described in paragraph (g)(2) of this
section indicates no change in group status, the owner or operator is
not required to submit a report.
(h) Process Vents from Continuous Unit Operations. (1) The owner or
operator shall determine the total resource effectiveness (TRE) index
value for the combination of all process vents from continuous unit
operations in a PMPU that are associated with the use of nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product. To determine
the TRE index value, the owner or operator shall conduct a TRE
determination and calculate the TRE index value according to the
procedures in Sec. 63.115 (d)(1) or (d)(2) of subpart G and the TRE
equation in Sec. 63.115(d)(3) of subpart G, with the following
exception. The procedures in Sec. 63.115(d) of subpart G are to
determine the TRE index value for an individual process vent. For the
purposes of this subpart, the TRE index value shall be determined for
the combination of all process vents from continuous unit operations in
a PMPU that are associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP to
make or modify a polyether polyol product by summing the values in the
individual process vent streams.
(2) The owner or operator of a group of process vents from
continuous unit operations that is Group 2 shall recalculate the TRE
index value as necessary to determine whether the group of process
vents is Group 1 or Group 2, whenever process changes are made that
could reasonably be expected to change the group of process vents to
Group 1. Examples of process changes include, but are not limited to,
changes in production capacity, production rate, feedstock type, or
catalyst type, or whenever there is replacement, removal, or addition
of recovery equipment. For purposes of this paragraph, process changes
do not include: process upsets; unintentional, temporary process
changes; and changes that are within the range on which the original
TRE calculation was based.
(i) The TRE index value shall be recalculated based on measurements
of process vent stream flow rate, TOC, and nonepoxide organic HAP
concentrations, and heating values as specified in Sec. 63.115 (a),
(b), (c), and (d) of subpart G, as applicable, or on best engineering
assessment of the effects of the change. Engineering assessments shall
meet the specifications in Sec. 63.115(d)(1) of subpart G.
(ii) Where the recalculated TRE index value is less than or equal
to 1.0, or less than or equal to 4.0 but greater than 1.0, the owner or
operator shall submit a report as specified in Sec. 63.1430(j) or (k)
and shall comply with the appropriate provisions in Sec. 63.1425 of
this subpart by the dates specified in Sec. 63.1422 of this subpart.
Sec. 63.1429 Process vent monitoring requirements.
(a) Each owner or operator of a process vent that uses a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device to comply with the
requirements in Sec. 63.1425(b)(1), (b)(2), (c)(1), (c)(3), or (d) of
this subpart shall install monitoring equipment specified in paragraph
(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(6), or (a)(7), of this
section, depending on the type of device used.
[[Page 46838]]
Also, each owner or operator that uses a recovery or recapture device
to comply with Sec. 63.1425(c)(4) shall install monitoring equipment
specified in paragraph (a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(6), or (a)(7) of this
section. All monitoring equipment shall be installed, calibrated,
maintained, and operated according to manufacturers specifications or
other written procedures that provide adequate assurance that the
equipment would reasonably be expected to monitor accurately.
(1) Where an incinerator is used, a temperature monitoring device
equipped with a continuous recorder is required.
(i) Where an incinerator other than a catalytic incinerator is
used, a temperature monitoring device shall be installed in the firebox
or in the ductwork immediately downstream of the firebox in a position
before any substantial heat exchange occurs.
(ii) Where a catalytic incinerator is used, temperature monitoring
devices shall be installed in the gas stream immediately before and
after the catalyst bed.
(2) Where a flare is used, the following monitoring equipment is
required: A device (including but not limited to a thermocouple, ultra-
violet beam sensor, or infrared sensor) capable of continuously
detecting the presence of a pilot flame.
(3) Where a boiler or process heater of less than 44 megawatts
design heat input capacity is used, the following monitoring equipment
is required: A temperature monitoring device in the firebox equipped
with a continuous recorder. Any boiler or process heater in which all
process vent streams are introduced with primary fuel or are used as
the primary fuel is exempt from this requirement.
(4) Where an absorber is used, a scrubbing liquid temperature
monitoring device and a specific gravity monitoring device are
required, each equipped with a continuous recorder.
(5) Where a condenser is used, a condenser exit temperature
(product side) monitoring device equipped with a continuous recorder is
required.
(6) Where a carbon adsorber is used, an integrating regeneration
stream flow monitoring device having an accuracy of 10
percent or better, capable of recording the total regeneration stream
mass or volumetric flow for each regeneration cycle; and a carbon bed
temperature monitoring device, capable of recording the carbon bed
temperature after each regeneration and within 15 minutes of completing
any cooling cycle are required.
(7) As an alternate to paragraphs (b)(4) through (b)(6) of this
section, the owner or operator may install an organic monitoring device
equipped with a continuous recorder.
(b) An owner or operator of a process vent may request approval to
monitor parameters other than those listed in paragraph (a) of this
section. The request shall be submitted according to the procedures
specified in Sec. 63.1430(j) and Sec. 63.1439(f). Approval shall be
requested if the owner or operator:
(1) Uses a combustion device other than an incinerator, boiler,
process heater, or flare; or
(2) For the combination of all process vents from continuous unit
operations that are associated with the use of organic HAP to make or
modify a polyether polyol product, maintains a TRE greater than 1.0 but
less than or equal to 4.0 without a recovery device or with a recovery
device other than the recovery devices listed in paragraph (a) of this
section; or
(3) Uses one of the combustion, recovery, or recapture devices
listed in paragraph (a) of this section, but seeks to monitor a
parameter other than those specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) Monitoring of bypass lines. The owner or operator of a process
vent using a process vent system that contains bypass lines that could
divert a process vent stream away from the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device used to comply with Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d)
shall comply with paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), or (c)(3) of this section.
Equipment such as low leg drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents,
open-ended valves or lines, and pressure relief valves needed for
safety purposes are not subject to this paragraph.
(1) Properly install, maintain, and operate a flow indicator that
takes a reading at least once at approximately equal intervals of about
15 minutes. Records shall be generated as specified in
Sec. 63.1430(d)(3). The flow indicator shall be installed at the
entrance to any bypass line that could divert emissions away from the
combustion, recovery, or recapture device and to the atmosphere;
(2) Secure the bypass line valve in the non-diverting position with
a car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. A visual inspection of
the seal or closure mechanism shall be performed at least once every
month to ensure that the valve is maintained in the non-diverting
position and emissions are not diverted through the bypass line.
Records shall be generated as specified in Sec. 63.1430(d)(4)(i); or
(3) Continuously monitor the bypass line damper or valve position
using computer monitoring and record any periods when the position of
the bypass line damper or valve has changed as specified in
Sec. 63.1430(d)(4)(ii).
(d) Establishment of parameter monitoring levels. Parameter
monitoring levels for process vents from continuous or batch unit
operations using combustion, recovery, or recapture devices to comply
with Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) shall be established as specified in
paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section.
(1) For each parameter monitored under paragraph (a) or (b) of this
section, the owner or operator shall establish a level, defined as
either a maximum or minimum operating parameter as denoted in Table 5
of this subpart, that indicates that the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device is operated in a manner to ensure compliance with the
provisions of this subpart. The level shall be established in
accordance with the procedures specified in Sec. 63.1430(d). The level
may be based upon a prior performance test conducted for determining
compliance with a regulation promulgated by the EPA, and the owner or
operator is not required to conduct a performance test under
Sec. 63.1426, provided that the prior performance test meets the
conditions of Sec. 63.1426(b)(3).
(2) The established level, along with supporting documentation,
shall be submitted in the Notification of Compliance Status or the
operating permit application as required in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) or
Sec. 63.1439(e)(8), respectively.
(3) The operating day shall be defined as part of establishing the
parameter monitoring level and shall be submitted with the information
in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. The definition of operating day
shall specify the times at which an operating day begins and ends.
Sec. 63.1430 Process vent reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
(a) This section contains process vent reporting and recordkeeping
requirements. Paragraph (b) of this section specifies records that
shall be kept to demonstrate compliance with the process vent
provisions of this subpart, and paragraph (c) of this section specifies
records that shall be kept regarding the establishment of parameter
monitoring levels. Paragraph (d) specifies records that shall be kept
to demonstrate continuous compliance with the process vent provisions
of this subpart. Paragraph (e) of this section specifies records that
shall be kept
[[Page 46839]]
related to the group determination for process vents that are
associated with the use of organic HAP to make or modify a polyether
polyol product. Paragraph (f) of this section specifies records that
shall be kept for combinations of process vents from unit operations
that are associated with the use of organic HAP to make or modify a
polyether polyol product. Paragraph (g) of this section specifies
reporting requirements.
(b) Records to demonstrate compliance. Each owner or operator
complying with Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) shall keep the following
records, as applicable, up-to-date and readily accessible:
(1) When using a flare to comply with Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or
(d):
(i) The flare design (i.e., steam-assisted, air-assisted, or non-
assisted);
(ii) All visible emission readings, heat content determinations,
flow rate determinations, and exit velocity determinations made during
the compliance determination required by Sec. 63.11(b) of subpart A;
and
(iii) All periods during the compliance determination required by
Sec. 63.11(b) of subpart A when the pilot flame is absent.
(2) The following information when using a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device (other than a flare) to achieve compliance with
Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d):
(i) For a combustion, recovery, or recapture device being used to
comply with a percent reduction requirement of Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(i),
(b)(2)(i), (c)(1), (c)(2), or (d), or the annual epoxide emission
limitation in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii), the percent
reduction of organic HAP or TOC achieved, as determined using the
procedures specified in Sec. 63.1426 of this subpart;
(ii) For a combustion device being used to comply with an outlet
concentration limitation of Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(ii) or (b)(2)(ii), the
concentration of organic HAP or TOC outlet of the combustion device, as
determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.1426 of this
subpart;
(iii) For a boiler or process heater, a description of the location
at which the process vent stream is introduced into the boiler or
process heater;
(iv) For a boiler or process heater with a design heat input
capacity of less than 44 megawatts and where the process vent stream is
introduced with combustion air or is used as a secondary fuel and is
not mixed with the primary fuel, the percent reduction of organic HAP
or TOC achieved, as determined using the procedures specified in
Sec. 63.1426.
(c) Records related to the establishment of parameter monitoring
levels. For each parameter monitored according to Sec. 63.1429(a) and
Table 5 of this subpart, or for alternate parameters and/or parameters
for alternate control techniques monitored according to Sec. 63.1439(f)
as allowed under Sec. 63.1429(b), maintain documentation showing the
establishment of the level that indicates that the combustion,
recovery, or recapture device is operated in a manner to ensure
compliance with the provisions of this subpart, as required by
Sec. 63.1429(d) for parameters specified in Sec. 63.1429(a) and as
required by Sec. 63.1439(f) for alternate parameters. This
documentation shall include the parameter monitoring data used to
establish the level.
(d) Records to demonstrate continuous compliance. Each owner or
operator that uses a combustion, recovery, or recapture device to
comply with Sec. 63.1425 (b), (c), or (d) shall keep the following
records readily accessible:
(1) Continuous records of the equipment operating parameters
specified to be monitored under Sec. 63.1429(a) as applicable, and
listed in Table 5 of this subpart, or specified by the Administrator in
accordance with Sec. 63.1439(f) as allowed under Sec. 63.1429(b). These
records shall be kept as specified under Sec. 63.1438(b)(2), except as
specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) For flares, the records specified in Table 5 of this subpart
shall be maintained in place of continuous records.
(ii) For carbon adsorbers used for process vents from batch unit
operations, the records specified in Table 5 of this subpart shall be
maintained in place of batch cycle daily averages.
(2) Records of the daily average value for process vents from
continuous unit operations or batch cycle daily average value for
process vents from batch unit operations of each continuously monitored
parameter, except as provided in paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) Monitoring data recorded during periods of monitoring system
breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero (low-level) and high-
level adjustments shall not be included in computing the daily
averages. In addition, monitoring data recorded during periods of non-
operation of the process resulting in cessation of organic HAP
emissions shall not be included in computing the batch cycle daily
averages.
(ii) If all recorded values for a monitored parameter during an
operating day are above the minimum or below the maximum level
established in accordance with Sec. 63.1429(d), the owner or operator
may record that all values were above the minimum or below the maximum
level established, rather than calculating and recording a daily
average or batch cycle daily average for that operating day.
(3) Hourly records of whether the flow indicator for bypass lines
specified under Sec. 63.1429(c)(1) was operating and whether a
diversion was detected at any time during the hour. Also, records of
the times of all periods when the process vent is diverted from the
combustion, recovery, or recapture device, or the flow indicator
specified in Sec. 63.1429(c)(1) is not operating.
(4) Where a seal or closure mechanism is used to comply with
Sec. 63.1429(c)(2) or where computer monitoring of the position of the
bypass damper or valve is used to comply with Sec. 63.1429(c)(3),
hourly records of flow are not required.
(i) For compliance with Sec. 63.1429(c)(2), the owner or operator
shall record whether the monthly visual inspection of the seals or
closure mechanism has been done, and shall record the occurrence of all
periods when the seal mechanism is broken, the bypass line valve
position has changed, or the key for a lock-and-key type configuration
has been checked out, and records of any car-seal that has been broken.
(ii) For compliance with Sec. 63.1429(c)(3), the owner or operator
shall record the times of all periods when the bypass line valve
position has changed.
(5) Records specifying the times and duration of periods of
monitoring system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero
(low-level) and high level adjustments. In addition, records specifying
any other periods of process or combustion, recovery, or recapture
device operation when monitors are not operating.
(e) Records related to the group determination for process vents
that are associated with the use of organic HAP to make or modify a
polyether polyol product--(1) Process vents from batch unit operations.
Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(1)(vi) and (e)(1)(vii) of this
section, each owner or operator of an affected source shall maintain
the records specified in paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (e)(1)(v) of this
section for each PMPU that uses organic HAP to make or modify a
polyether polyol product in batch unit operations. The records required
to be maintained by this paragraph are limited to the information
developed and used to make the group
[[Page 46840]]
determination under Sec. 63.1428 (a) through (f), as appropriate. If an
owner or operator did not need to develop certain information (e.g.,
annual average flow rate) to determine the group status, this paragraph
does not require that additional information be developed.
(i) A description of, and an emission estimate for, each batch
emission episode, and the total emissions associated with one batch
cycle for each unique product class made in the PMPU.
(ii) Total annual uncontrolled TOC or nonepoxide organic HAP
emissions from the combination of process vents from batch unit
operations associated with the use of nonepoxide organic HAP to make or
modify a polyether polyol product, as determined in accordance with
Sec. 63.1428(b).
(iii) The annual average flow rate for the combination of process
vents from batch unit operations associated with the use of organic HAP
to make or modify a polyether polyol product, as determined in
accordance with Sec. 63.1428(d).
(iv) The cutoff flow rate, determined in accordance with
Sec. 63.1428(e).
(v) The results of the PMPU group determination, conducted in
accordance with Sec. 63.1428(f).
(vi) If the combination of all process vents from batch unit
operations associated with the use of an organic HAP to make or modify
a polyether polyol product process vent is in compliance with
Sec. 63.1425(c)(1), and the combustion, recovery, or recapture device
is operating at all times, none of the records in paragraphs (b)(1)(i)
through (b)(1)(v) of this section are required.
(vii) If the total annual emissions from the combination of process
vents from batch unit operations associated with the use of an organic
HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product are less than the
level specified in Sec. 63.1428(c), only the records in paragraphs
(b)(1)(i) and (b)(1)(ii) of this section are required.
(2)Process vents from continuous unit operations. Each owner or
operator of an affected source that uses organic HAP to make or modify
a polyether polyol product in continuous unit operations shall keep
records regarding the measurements and calculations performed to
determine the TRE index value of the combined process vent stream.
Owners or operators of combined streams that are in compliance with the
Group 1 requirements of Sec. 63.1425(c)(3) are not required to keep
these records.
(f) Records for Group 2 process vents that are associated with the
use of organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product. The
following records shall be maintained for PMPUs where the combination
of all process vents that are associated with the use of organic HAP to
make or modify a polyether polyol product are classified as Group 2.
Paragraph (f)(1) of this section contains requirements for process
vents from batch unit operations, and paragraph (f)(2) of this section
contains requirements for process vents from continuous unit
operations.
(1) Process vents from batch unit operations. Owners or operators
shall maintain records of the combined total annual organic HAP
emissions from process vents associated with the use of organic HAP to
make or modify a polyether polyol product for each PMPU where the
combination of these process vents is classified as Group 2.
(2) Process vents from continuous unit operations. Each owner or
operator using a recovery device or other means to achieve and maintain
a TRE index value greater than 1.0 but less than 4.0 as specified in
Sec. 63.113(a)(3) or Sec. 63.113(d) of subpart G shall keep the
following records readily accessible:
(i) Continuous records of the equipment operating parameters
specified to be monitored under Sec. 63.114(b) of subpart G and listed
in table 5 of this subpart or specified by the Administrator in
accordance with Sec. 63.114(c) and Sec. 63.117(e) of subpart G; and
(ii) Records of the daily average value of each continuously
monitored parameter for each operating day determined according to the
procedures specified in Sec. 63.152(f) of subpart G. If carbon adsorber
regeneration stream flow and carbon bed regeneration temperature are
monitored, the records specified in table 5 of this subpart shall be
kept instead of the daily averages.
(3) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this
subpart and who elects to demonstrate compliance with the TRE index
value greater than 4.0 under Sec. 63.113(e) or greater than 1.0 under
Sec. 63.113(a)(3) or Sec. 63.113(d) of subpart G shall keep readily
accessible records of:
(i) Any process changes as defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G;
and
(ii) Any recalculation of the TRE index value pursuant to
Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G.
(4) Each owner or operator who elects to comply by maintaining a
flow rate less than 0.005 standard cubic meter per minute under
Sec. 63.113(f) of subpart G, shall keep readily accessible records of:
(i) Any process changes as defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G
that increase the process vent stream flow rate,
(ii) Any recalculation or measurement of the flow rate pursuant to
Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G, and
(iii) If the flow rate increases to 0.005 standard cubic meter per
minute or greater as a result of the process change, the TRE
determination performed according to the procedures of Sec. 63.115(d)
of subpart G.
(5) Each owner or operator who elects to comply by maintaining an
organic HAP concentration less than 50 parts per million by volume
organic HAP concentration under Sec. 63.113(g) of subpart G shall keep
up-to-date, readily accessible records of:
(i) Any process changes as defined in Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G
that increase the organic HAP concentration of the process vent stream,
(ii) Any recalculation or measurement of the concentration pursuant
to Sec. 63.115(e) of subpart G, and
(iii) If the organic HAP concentration increases to 50 parts per
million by volume or greater as a result of the process change, the TRE
determination performed according to the procedures of Sec. 63.115(d)
of subpart G.
(g) Reporting requirements. The owner or operator of an affected
source shall submit the information specified in paragraphs (g)(1)
through (g)(3) of this section, as appropriate, as part of the
Notification of Compliance Status specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(1) For each owner or operator complying with Sec. 63.1425(b),
(c)(1), or (c)(3), the information specified in paragraph (b) of this
section related to the compliance demonstration, and the information
specified in paragraph (c) of this section related to the establishment
of parameter monitoring levels,
(2) For each PMPU where the combination of process vents from batch
unit operations that are associated with the use of organic HAP to make
or modify the product is Group 2, the information related to the group
determination specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section.
(3) For each PMPU where the combination of process vents from
continuous unit operations that are associated with the use of organic
HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product is Group 2, the
information related to the group determination specified in paragraph
(e)(2) of this section.
(h) The owner or operator of an affected source shall submit
Periodic Reports of the recorded information specified in paragraphs
(h)(1) through (h)(6) of this section, as appropriate,
[[Page 46841]]
according to the schedule in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6).
(1) Reports of daily average values of monitored parameters for all
operating days when the daily average values recorded under paragraph
(d)(2) of this section were above the maximum, or below the minimum,
level established in the Notification of Compliance Status or operating
permit.
(2) Reports of the duration of periods when monitoring data is not
collected for each excursion caused by insufficient monitoring data as
defined in Sec. 63.1438(f)(4).
(3) Reports of the times and durations of all periods recorded
under paragraph (d)(3) of this section when the process vent stream is
diverted from the combustion, recovery, or recapture device through a
bypass line.
(4) Reports of all periods recorded under paragraph (d)(4) of this
section in which the seal mechanism is broken, the bypass line valve
position has changed, or the key to unlock the bypass line valve was
checked out.
(5) Reports of the times and durations of all periods recorded
under paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this section in which all pilot flames of
a flare were absent.
(6) Reports of all carbon bed regeneration cycles during which the
parameters recorded under paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section were
above the maximum, or below the minimum, levels established in the
Notification of Compliance Status or operating permit.
(i) Whenever a process change, as defined in Sec. 63.1420(g)(4), is
made that causes a Group 2 combination of process vents from batch unit
operations at a PMPU that are associated with the use of organic HAP to
make or modify a polyether polyol product to become Group 1, the owner
or operator shall submit a report within 180 days after the process
change is made or the information regarding the process change is known
to the owner or operator. This report may be included in the next
Periodic Report or in a separate submittal to the Administrator, as
specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(1). The following information
shall be submitted:
(1) A description of the process change; and
(2) A schedule for compliance with the provisions of
Sec. 63.1425(c)(1), as appropriate, as required under
Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)(iii)(D)(1)(i).
(j) Whenever a process change, as defined in Sec. 63.1420(g)(4), is
made that causes a Group 2 combination of process vents from batch unit
operations at a PMPU that are associated with the use of nonepoxide
organic HAP to make or modify a polyether polyol product with a TRE
greater than 4.0 to become Group 2 with a TRE less than 4.0, the owner
or operator shall submit a report within 180 calendar days after the
process change. The report may be submitted as part of the next
periodic report. The report shall include:
(1) A description of the process change;
(2) The results of the recalculation of the TRE index value
required under Sec. 63.1428(h)(2) of this subpart, and recorded under
paragraph (f)(3) of this section; and
(3) A statement that the owner or operator will comply with the
requirements specified in Sec. 63.1429 of this subpart.
(k) If an owner or operator uses a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device other than those specified in Sec. 63.1429(a) and
listed in Table 5 of this subpart or requests approval to monitor a
parameter other than those specified in Sec. 63.1429(a) (1) through (7)
and listed in Table 5 of this subpart, the owner or operator shall
submit a description of planned reporting and recordkeeping procedures,
as specified in Sec. 63.1439(f)(3), as part of the Precompliance Report
as required under Sec. 63.1439(e)(6), or to the Administrator as a
separate submittal. The Administrator will specify appropriate
reporting and recordkeeping requirements as part of the review of the
Precompliance Report.
Sec. 63.1431 Emission factor plan requirements.
(a) An owner or operator electing to comply with an annual epoxide
emission factor limitation in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii)
shall develop and implement an epoxides emission factor plan in
accordance with the provisions of this section. Paragraph (b) of this
section describes the requirements for the plan. Paragraphs (c) and (d)
of this section describe the procedures to verify and monitor that the
plan is being followed, respectively, and paragraph (e) of this section
provides recordkeeping and reporting requirements associated with the
plan. Paragraph (f) of this section describes the requirements for
facilities complying with an emission factor limitation without ECO or
add-on control.
(b) Emission factor plan requirements. The owner or operator shall
develop an epoxides emission factor plan.
(1) If epoxide emissions are maintained below the epoxide emission
factor limitation through the use of a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device, the owner or operator shall develop and implement the
plan in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(2) If epoxide emissions are maintained below the epoxide emission
factor limitation through the use of extended cookout, the owner or
operator shall develop and implement the plan in accordance with
paragraph (d) of this section.
(3) If epoxide emissions are maintained below the epoxide emission
factor limitation through the use of extended cookout in conjunction
with a combustion, recovery, or recapture device, the owner or operator
shall develop and implement the plan in accordance with paragraph (e)
of this section.
(c) Compliance with epoxide emission factor limitation using a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device. (1) The owner or operator
shall notify the Agency of the intent to use a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device to comply with the epoxide emission factor limitation
in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii). The owner or operator shall
prepare an estimate of the annual epoxide emissions and the actual
production rate in accordance with paragraphs (c)(1) (i) through (iv)
of this section. This notification and emission estimate shall be
submitted in the precompliance report as specified in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(4), or the permit application.
(i) Annual uncontrolled epoxide emissions. These emission estimates
shall be determined in accordance with the procedures in Sec. 63.488(b)
of subpart U and shall be based on anticipated production.
(ii) A description of the combustion, recovery, or recapture
device, along with the expected percent efficiency.
(iii) Annual emissions after the combustion, recovery, or recapture
device. The expected annual emissions after control shall be determined
using equation 13.
AEcontrol = (AEuncontrolled x (100%-R)
[Equation 13]
Where:
AEcontrol = Annual epoxide emissions after control, KG/yr
AEuncontrolled = Annual uncontrolled epoxide emissions,
determined in accordance with paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, kg/
yr
R = Expected control efficiency of the combustion, recovery, or
recapture device, percent
(iv) Actual annual production rate. The actual annual production
rate means the annual mass of polyether polyol product produced from
the applicable PMPU. This production rate
[[Page 46842]]
shall be for the same annual time period as the annual emission
estimate as calculated in accordance with paragraph (c)(1)(iii) of this
section.
(2) The owner or operator shall conduct a performance test in
accordance with Sec. 63.1426 to determine the epoxide control
efficiency of the combustion, recovery, or recapture device. The owner
or operator shall then recalculate the annual epoxide emissions after
control using Equation 13, except that the control efficiency, R, shall
be the measured control efficiency. This information shall be submitted
as part of the Notification of Compliance status report, as provided in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) of this subpart.
(3) The owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring
provisions in Sec. 63.1429 of this subpart.
(4) The owner or operator shall comply with the recordkeeping
requirements in paragraphs Sec. 63.1430 (b) through (d), and the
reporting requirements in Sec. 63.1430 (g)(1) and (h).
(d) Compliance with epoxide emission factor limitation using
extended cookout. (1) The owner or operator shall notify the Agency of
the intent to use extended cookout to comply with the epoxide emission
factor limitation in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii). The owner
or operator shall prepare an estimate of the annual epoxide emissions
after the extended cookout. This notification and emission estimate
shall be submitted in the precompliance report as specified in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(4), or the permit application.
(2) The owner or operator shall determine the annual epoxide
emissions in accordance with Sec. 63.1427(d) of this subpart, based on
anticipated production. This information shall be submitted as part of
the Notification of Compliance status report, as provided in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) of this subpart.
(3) The owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring
provisions in Sec. 63.1427(h) of this subpart.
(4) The owner or operator shall comply with the recordkeeping and
reporting requirements in Sec. 63.1430 of this subpart.
(e) Compliance with epoxide emission factor limitation through the
use of extended cookout in conjunction with a combustion, recovery, or
recapture device. (1) The owner or operator shall notify the Agency of
the intent to use extended cookout in conjunction with a combustion,
recovery, or recapture device to comply with the annual epoxide
emission limitation in Sec. 63.1425 (b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii). The
owner or operator shall prepare an estimate of the annual epoxide
emissions after control. This notification and emission estimate shall
be submitted in the precompliance report as specified in
Sec. 63.1425(f)(4), or the permit application.
(2) The owner or operator shall determine the annual epoxide
emissions after control. This information shall be submitted as part of
the Notification of Compliance status report, as provided in
Sec. 63.1425(e)(5) of this subpart.
(3) The owner or operator shall comply with the monitoring
provisions in Sec. 63.1427(h).
(4) The owner or operator shall comply with the recordkeeping and
reporting requirements in Sec. 63.1427 (i) and (j) of this subpart.
(f) Compliance with epoxide emission factor limitation without
using extended cookout or a combustion, recovery, or recapture device.
(1) The owner or operator shall notify the Agency of the intent to
comply with the epoxide emission factor limitation in Sec. 63.1425
(b)(1)(iii) or (b)(2)(iii) without the use extended cookout or a
combustion, recovery, or recapture device. The owner or operator shall
prepare an estimate of the annual epoxide emissions control. This
notification and emission estimate shall be submitted in the
precompliance report as specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(4), or the permit
application.
(g) Each year after the compliance date, the owner or operator
shall calculate the epoxides emission factor for the previous year.
This information shall be submitted in the second Periodic Report
submitted each year, as specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6).
Sec. 63.1432 Storage vessel provisions.
(a) For each storage vessel located at an affected source, the
owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of Secs. 63.119
through 63.123 and Sec. 63.148 of subpart G, with the differences noted
in paragraphs (b) through (p) of this section, for the purposes of this
subpart.
(b) When the term ``storage vessel'' is used in Secs. 63.119
through 63.123 of subpart G, the definition of this term in
Sec. 63.1423 shall apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(c) When the term ``Group 1 storage vessel'' is used in
Secs. 63.119 through 63.123 of subpart G, the definition of this term
in Sec. 63.1423 shall apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(d) When the term ``Group 2 storage vessel'' is used in
Secs. 63.119 through 63.123 of subpart G, the definition of this term
in Sec. 63.1423 shall apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(e) When December 31, 1992 (i.e., the proposal date for subpart G
of this part) is referred to in Sec. 63.119 of subpart G, it shall be
replaced with September 4, 1997 (i.e., the proposal date for this
subpart) for the purposes of this subpart.
(f) When April 22, 1994 (i.e., the publication date for subpart G
of this part) is referred to in Sec. 63.119 of subpart G, it shall be
replaced with [date of publication of final rule] (i.e., the
promulgation date for this subpart) for the purposes of this subpart.
(g) Each owner or operator shall comply with this paragraph instead
of Sec. 63.120(d)(1)(ii) of subpart G for the purposes of this subpart.
If the combustion, recovery, or recapture device used to comply with
Sec. 63.119(e) is also used to comply with Secs. 63.1425 through
Sec. 63.1433, the performance test required for Secs. 63.1425 through
Sec. 63.1433 is acceptable for demonstrating compliance with
Sec. 63.119(e) of subpart G, for the purposes of this subpart. The
owner or operator will not be required to prepare a design evaluation
for the combustion, recovery, or recapture device as described in
Sec. 63.120(d)(1)(i) of subpart G, if the performance test meets the
criteria specified in paragraphs (g)(1) and (g)(2) of this section.
(1) The performance test demonstrates that the combustion,
recovery, or recapture device achieves greater than or equal to the
required control efficiency specified in Sec. 63.119(e)(1) or
Sec. 63.119(e)(2) of subpart G, as applicable; and
(2) The performance test is submitted as part of the Notification
of Compliance Status required by Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(h) When the term ``operating range'' is used in
Sec. 63.120(d)(3)(i) of subpart G, it shall be replaced with the term
``level,'' for the purposes of this subpart.
(i) For purposes of this subpart, the monitoring plan required by
Sec. 63.120(d)(2) shall specify for which combustion, recovery, or
recapture devices the owner or operator has selected to follow the
procedures for continuous monitoring specified in Sec. 63.1438. For
those combustion, recovery, or recapture devices for which the owner or
operator has selected not to follow the procedures for continuous
monitoring specified in Sec. 63.1438, the monitoring plan shall include
a description of the parameter or parameters to be monitored to ensure
that the combustion, recovery, or recapture device is being properly
operated and maintained, an explanation of the criteria used for
selection of that parameter (or parameters), and the frequency with
which monitoring will be performed (e.g., when the liquid level in the
storage vessel is being raised), as specified in Sec. 63.120(d)(2)(i).
[[Page 46843]]
(j) For purposes of this subpart, the monitoring plan required by
Sec. 63.122(b) shall be included in the Notification of Compliance
Status required by Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(k) When the Notification of Compliance Status requirements
contained in Sec. 63.152(b) of subpart G are referred to in
Secs. 63.120, 63.122, and 63.123 of subpart G, the Notification of
Compliance Status requirements contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) shall
apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(l) When the Periodic Report requirements contained in
Sec. 63.152(c) of subpart G are referred to in Secs. 63.120, 63.122,
and 63.123 of subpart G, the Periodic Report requirements contained in
Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) shall apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(m) When other reports as required in Sec. 63.152(d) of subpart G
are referred to in Sec. 63.122 of subpart G, the reporting requirements
contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(7) shall apply for the purposes of this
subpart.
(n) When the Initial Notification requirements contained in
Sec. 63.151(b) of subpart G are referred to in Sec. 63.119 through
Sec. 63.123 of subpart G, the owner or operator shall comply with the
Initial Notification requirements contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(3), for
the purposes of this subpart.
(o) When the determination of equivalence criteria in
Sec. 63.102(b) of subpart F are referred to in Sec. 63.121(a) of
subpart G, the provisions in Sec. 63.6(g) of subpart A shall apply for
the purposes of this subpart.
(p) The compliance date for storage vessels at affected sources
subject to the provisions of this section is specified in Sec. 63.1422.
Sec. 63.1433 Wastewater provisions.
(a) For each process wastewater stream originating at an affected
source, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of
Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G, with the differences noted in
paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(19) and (b) and (c) of this section, for
the purposes of this subpart.
(1) Owners and operators of affected sources are not required to
comply with the requirements in Sec. 63.132(b)(1) and Sec. 63.132(d) of
subpart G, for the purposes of this subpart. All new affected sources,
as defined in this subpart, shall comply with the requirements for
existing sources in Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G.
(2) When Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G refer to table 9
or table 36 of subpart G, the owner or operator shall only consider
organic HAP listed in table 9 or table 36 of subpart G that are also
listed on table 5 of this subpart, for the purposes of this subpart.
Owners and operators are exempt from all requirements in Secs. 63.132
through 63.149 of subpart G that pertain solely and exclusively to
organic HAP listed on table 8 of subpart G. In addition, when
Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G refer to List 1, List 2, and/
or List 3, as listed in table 36 of subpart G, the owner or operator
shall only consider organic HAP contained in those lists that are also
listed on table 5 of this subpart, for the purposes of this subpart.
(3) When the determination of equivalence criteria in
Sec. 63.102(b) of subpart F is referred to in Secs. 63.132, 63.133, and
63.137 of subpart G, the provisions in Sec. 63.6(g) of subpart A shall
apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(4) When the storage tank requirements contained in Secs. 63.119
through 63.123 of subpart G are referred to in Secs. 63.132 through
63.148 of subpart G, Secs. 63.119 through 63.123 of subpart G are
applicable, with the exception of the differences referred to in
Sec. 63.1432, for the purposes of this subpart.
(5) When Sec. 63.146(a) of subpart G requires the submission of a
request for approval to monitor alternative parameters according to the
procedures specified in Sec. 63.151(g) or Sec. 63.152(e), owners or
operators requesting to monitor alternative parameters shall follow the
procedures specified in Sec. 63.1439(f), for the purposes of this
subpart.
(6) When Sec. 63.147(d) of subpart G requires owners or operators
to keep records of the daily average value of each continuously
monitored parameter for each operating day as specified in
Sec. 63.152(f) of subpart G, owners and operators shall instead keep
records of the daily average value of each continuously monitored
parameter as specified in Sec. 63.1439(d), for the purposes of this
subpart.
(7) When Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G refer to an
``existing source,'' the term ``existing affected source,'' as defined
in Sec. 63.1420(a)(3) shall apply, for the purposes of this subpart.
(8) When Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G refer to a ``new
source,'' the term ``new affected source,'' as defined in
Sec. 63.1420(a)(4) shall apply, for the purposes of this subpart.
(9) When Sec. 63.132 (a) and (b) of subpart G refer to the
``applicable dates specified in Sec. 63.100 of subpart F of this
part,'' the compliance dates specified in Sec. 63.1422 shall apply, for
the purposes of this subpart.
(10) Whenever Secs. 63.132 through 63.149 of subpart G refer to a
Group 1 wastewater stream or a Group 2 wastewater stream, the
definitions of these terms contained in Sec. 63.1423 shall apply, for
the purposes of this subpart.
(11) When Sec. 63.149(d) of subpart G refers to ``Sec. 63.100(f) of
subpart F'', the owner or operator shall substitute the phrase
``Sec. 63.1420(c)'', for the purposes of this subpart. In addition,
where Sec. 63.149(d) states ``and the item of equipment is not
otherwise exempt from controls by the provisions of subparts A, F, G,
or H of this part'', the owner or operator of the affected source shall
substitute ``and the item of equipment is not otherwise exempt from
controls by the provisions of subparts A, F, G, H, or PPP of this
part,'' for the purposes of this subpart.
(12) When Sec. 63.149 (e)(1) and (e)(2) refer to ``a chemical
manufacturing process unit subject to the new source requirements of 40
CFR 63.100(l)(1) or 40 CFR Sec. 63.100 (l)(2),'' the owner or operator
of an affected source shall substitute ``a new affected source as
described in Sec. 63.1420(a)(4),'' for the purposes of this subpart.
(13) When the Notification of Compliance Status requirements
contained in Sec. 63.152(b) of subpart G are referred to in
Secs. 63.138 and 63.146 of subpart G, the Notification of Compliance
Status requirements contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5) shall apply for the
purposes of this subpart. In addition, when Secs. 63.138 and 63.146 of
subpart G require that information be reported according to
Sec. 63.152(b) of subpart G in the Notification of Compliance Status,
owners or operators of affected sources shall report the specified
information in the Notification of Compliance Status required by
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5), for the purposes of this subpart.
(14) When the Periodic Report requirements contained in
Sec. 63.152(c) of subpart G are referred to in Sec. 63.146 of subpart
G, the Periodic Report requirements contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6)
shall apply for the purposes of this subpart. In addition, when
Sec. 63.146 of subpart G requires that information be reported in the
Periodic Reports required in Sec. 63.152(c) of subpart G, owners or
operators of affected sources shall report the specified information in
the Periodic Reports required in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6), for the purposes
of this subpart.
(15) When the term ``range'' is used in Secs. 63.132 through 63.149
of subpart G, the term ``level'' shall be used instead, for the
purposes of this subpart. This level shall be determined using the
procedures specified in Sec. 63.1438.
(16) When Sec. 63.143(f) of subpart G specifies that owners or
operators shall establish the range that indicates proper
[[Page 46844]]
operation of the treatment process or control technique, the owner or
operator shall instead comply with the requirements of Sec. 63.1438
(b)(1), (c), or (d) for establishing parameter level maximums/minimums,
for the purposes of this subpart.
(17) When Sec. 63.146(b)(7) and Sec. 63.146(b)(8) require that
``the information on parameter ranges specified in Sec. 63.152(b)(2)''
be reported in the Notification of Compliance Status, owners and
operators of affected sources are instead required to report the
information on parameter levels in the Notification of Compliance
status as specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5)(ii), for the purposes of this
subpart.
(18) For the purposes of this subpart, owners or operators are not
required to comply with the provisions of Sec. 63.138(g) of subpart G.
(19) When the provisions of Sec. 63.139(c)(1)(ii),
Sec. 63.145(d)(4), or Sec. 63.145(i)(2) of subpart G specify that
Method 18, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A shall be used, Method 18 or
Method 25A, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A may be used for the purposes of
this subpart. The use of Method 25A, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A shall
comply with paragraphs (a)(19)(i) and (a)(19)(ii) of this section.
(i) The organic HAP used as the calibration gas for Method 25A, 40
CFR part 60, appendix A shall be the single organic HAP representing
the largest percent by volume of the emissions.
(ii) The use of Method 25A, 40 CFR part 60, appendix A is
acceptable if the response from the high-level calibration gas is at
least 20 times the standard deviation of the response from the zero
calibration gas when the instrument is zeroed on the most sensitive
scale.
(b) The owner or operator of each affected source shall comply with
the requirements for maintenance wastewater in Sec. 63.105 of subpart
F, except that when Sec. 63.105(a) refers to ``organic HAPs,'' the
definition of organic HAP in Sec. 63.1423 shall apply for the purposes
of this subpart.
(c) The compliance date for the affected source subject to the
provisions of this section is specified in Sec. 63.1422.
Sec. 63.1434 Equipment leak provisions.
(a) The owner or operator of each affected source shall comply with
the requirements of subpart H of this part for all equipment in organic
HAP service, except as specified in paragraphs (b) through (g) of this
section.
(b) The compliance date for the equipment leak provisions in this
section is provided in Sec. 63.1422(d).
(c) Affected sources subject to subpart I of this part shall
continue to comply with subpart I until the compliance date specified
in Sec. 63.1422. After the compliance date for this section, the source
shall be subject to this subpart and shall no longer be subject to
subpart I.
(d) When the Initial Notification requirements contained in
Sec. 63.182(a)(1) and Sec. 63.182(b) of subpart H are referred to in
subpart H, the owner or operator shall comply with the Initial
Notification requirements contained in Sec. 63.1439(e)(3), for the
purposes of this subpart.
(e) The Notification of Compliance Status required by
Sec. 63.182(a)(2) and Sec. 63.182(c) of subpart H shall be submitted
within 150 days (rather than 90 days) of the applicable compliance date
specified in Sec. 63.1422 for the equipment leak provisions. The
notification can be submitted as part of the Notification of Compliance
Status required by Sec. 63.1439(e)(5).
(f) The Periodic Reports required by Sec. 63.182(a)(3) and
Sec. 63.182(d) of subpart H shall be submitted as part of the Periodic
Reports required by Sec. 63.1439(e)(6).
(g) If specific items of equipment, comprising part of a process
unit subject to this subpart, are managed by different administrative
organizations (e.g., different companies, affiliates, departments,
divisions, etc.), those items of equipment may be aggregated with any
PMPU within the affected source for all purposes under subpart H,
providing there is no delay in achieving the applicable compliance
date.
Sec. 63.1435 Heat exchanger provisions.
(a) The owner or operator of each affected source shall comply with
the requirements of Sec. 63.104 of subpart F for heat exchange systems,
with the exceptions noted in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this
section.
(b) When the term ``chemical manufacturing process unit'' is used
in Sec. 63.104 of subpart F, the term ``polyether polyols manufacturing
process unit'' shall apply for the purposes of this subpart. Further,
when the phrase ``a chemical manufacturing process unit meeting the
conditions of Sec. 63.100 (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this subpart, except
for chemical manufacturing units meeting the condition specified in
Sec. 63.100(c) of this subpart'' is used in Sec. 63.104(a) of subpart
F, the term ``polyether polyols manufacturing process unit'' shall
apply for the purposes of this subpart.
(c) When Sec. 63.104(c)(3) and Sec. 63.104(f)(1) specify that the
monitoring plan and records required by Sec. 63.104 (f)(1)(i) through
(f)(1)(iv) shall be kept as specified in Sec. 63.103(c), the provisions
of Sec. 63.1439(a) and the applicable provisions of subpart A of this
part, as specified in Table 1 of this subpart, shall apply for the
purposes of this subpart.
(d) When Sec. 63.104(f)(2) of subpart F requires information to be
reported in the Periodic Reports required by Sec. 63.152(c) of subpart
G, the owner or operator should instead report the information
specified in Sec. 63.104(f)(2) of subpart F in the Periodic Reports
required by Sec. 63.1439(e)(6), for the purposes of this subpart.
Sec. 63.1436 Reserved
Sec. 63.1437 Additional test methods and procedures.
(a) Performance testing shall be conducted in accordance with
Sec. 63.7 (a)(1), (a)(3), (d), (e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(4), (g), and (h) of
subpart A, with the exceptions specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through
(a)(4) of this section and the additions specified in paragraph (b) of
this section. Sections 63.1432 through 63.1433 also contain specific
testing requirements.
(1) Performance tests shall be conducted according to the
provisions of Sec. 63.7(e) of subpart A, except that performance tests
shall be conducted during worst case operating conditions for the
process.
(2) References in Sec. 63.7(g) of subpart A to the Notification of
Compliance Status requirements in Sec. 63.9(h) shall refer to the
requirements in Sec. 63.1439(e)(5), for the purposes of this subpart.
(3) Because the site-specific test plans in Sec. 63.7(c)(3) of
subpart A are not required, Sec. 63.7(h)(4)(ii) is not applicable.
(4) The owner or operator shall notify the Administrator of the
intent to conduct a performance test at least 30 days before the
performance test is scheduled, to allow the Administrator the
opportunity to have an observer present during the test.
(b) Data shall be reduced in accordance with the EPA approved
methods specified in the applicable subpart or, if other test methods
are used, the data and methods shall be validated according to the
protocol in Method301, 40CFRpart63,appendixA.
Sec. 63.1438 Parameter monitoring levels and excursions.
(a) Establishment of parameter monitoring levels. The owner or
operator of a control or recovery device that has one or more parameter
monitoring level requirements specified under this subpart shall
establish a
[[Page 46845]]
maximum or minimum level for each measured parameter. If a performance
test is required by this subpart for a control, recovery, or recapture
device, the owner or operator shall use the procedures in either
paragraph (b) or (c) of this section to establish the parameter
monitoring level(s). If a performance test is not required by this
subpart for a control, recovery, or recapture device, the owner or
operator may use the procedures in paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this
section to establish the parameter monitoring levels. When using the
procedures specified in paragraph (c) or (d) of this section, the owner
or operator shall submit the information specified in
Sec. 63.506(e)(3)(vii) for review and approval, as part of the
Precompliance Report.
(1) The owner or operator shall operate control and recovery
devices such that the daily average value of monitored parameters
remain above the minimum established level or below the maximum
established level.
(2) As specified in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6), all established levels,
along with their supporting documentation and the definition of an
operating day, shall be submitted as part of the Notification of
Compliance Status. Once approved, this information shall be
incorporated into the affected source's Notification of Compliance
Status or operating permit.
(3) Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow a
monitoring parameter excursion caused by an activity that violates
other applicable provisions of subparts A, F, G, or H of this part.
(b) Establishment of parameter monitoring levels based on
performance tests. The procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(1)
through (b)(3) of this section shall be used, as applicable, in
establishing parameter monitoring levels. Level(s) established under
this paragraph shall be based on the parameter values measured during
the performance test.
(1) Storage tanks and wastewater. The maximum and/or minimum
monitoring levels shall be based on the parameter values measured
during the performance test, supplemented, if desired, by engineering
assessments and/or manufacturer's recommendations.
(2) Process vents from continuous unit operations. During initial
compliance testing, the appropriate parameter shall be continuously
monitored during the required 1-hour runs for process vents from
continuous unit operations. The monitoring level(s) shall then be
established as the average of the maximum (or minimum) point values
from the three one-hour test runs. The average of the maximum values
shall be used when establishing a maximum level, and the average of the
minimum values shall be used when establishing a minimum level.
(3) Process vents from batch unit operations. For process vents
from batch unit operations, during initial compliance testing, the
appropriate parameter shall be monitored continuously during the entire
test period. The monitoring level(s) are those established during the
compliance test.
(c) Establishment of parameter monitoring levels based on
performance tests, engineering assessments, and/or manufacturer's
recommendations. Parameter monitoring levels established under this
paragraph shall be based on the parameter values measured during the
performance test supplemented by engineering assessments and
manufacturer's recommendations. Performance testing is not required to
be conducted over the entire range of expected parameter values. The
information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section
shall be provided in the Notification of Compliance Status.
(1) The specific level of the monitored parameter(s) for each
emission point.
(2) The rationale for the specific level for each parameter for
each emission point, including any data and calculations used to
develop the level and a description of why the level indicates proper
operation of the control or recovery device.
(d) Establishment of parameter monitoring based on engineering
assessments and/or manufacturer's recommendations. If a performance
test is not required by this subpart for a control or recovery device,
the maximum or minimum level may be based solely on engineering
assessments and/or manufacturer's recommendations. As required in
paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the determined level and all
supporting documentation shall be provided in the Notification of
Compliance Status.
(e) Compliance determinations. The provisions of this paragraph
apply only to emission points and control or recovery devices for which
continuous monitoring is required under this subpart.
(1) The parameter monitoring data for storage vessels, process
vents, process wastewater streams, and emission points included in
emissions averages that are required to perform continuous monitoring
shall be used to determine compliance for the monitored control or
recovery devices.
(2) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(3) and (g) of this section,
for each excursion, as defined in paragraphs (f) of this section, the
owner or operator shall be deemed out of compliance with the provisions
of this subpart.
(3) If the daily average value of a monitored parameter is above
the maximum level or below the minimum level established, or if
monitoring data cannot be collected during monitoring device
calibration check or monitoring device malfunction, or if monitoring
data are not collected during periods of non-operation of the affected
source or portion thereof (resulting in cessation of the emissions to
which the monitoring applies), but the affected source is operated
during the periods of start-up, shutdown, or malfunction in accordance
with the affected source's Start-up, Shutdown, and Malfunction Plan,
then the event shall not be considered a monitoring parameter
excursion.
(f) Parameter monitoring excursion definitions. For storage vessels
and process vents using control or recovery devices for purposes of
compliance, and for wastewater streams, an excursion means any of the
three cases listed in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(3) of this section.
For a control or recovery device where multiple parameters are
monitored, if one or more of the parameters meets the excursion
criteria in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(3) of this section, this is
considered a single excursion for the control or recovery device.
(1) The daily average value of one or more monitored parameters is
above the maximum level or below the minimum level established for the
given parameters.
(2) The period of control or recovery device operation is 4 hours
or greater in an operating day and monitoring data are insufficient, as
defined in paragraph (f)(4) of this section, to constitute a valid hour
of data for at least 75 percent of the operating hours.
(3) The period of control or recovery device operation is less than
4 hours in an operating day and more than two of the hours during the
period of operation do not constitute a valid hour of data due to
insufficient monitoring data, as defined in paragraph (f)(4) of this
section.
(4) Monitoring data are insufficient to constitute a valid hour of
data, as used in paragraphs (f)(2) and (f)(3) of this section, if
measured values are unavailable for any of the 15-minute periods within
the hour. For data compression systems approved under
Sec. 63.1439(g)(3), monitoring data are insufficient to calculate a
valid hour of
[[Page 46846]]
data if there are less than four data measurements made during the
hour.
(g) Excused excursions. A number of excused excursions shall be
allowed for each control or recovery device for each semiannual period.
The number of excused excursions for each semiannual period is
specified in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(6) of this section. This
paragraph applies to affected sources required to submit Periodic
Reports semiannually or quarterly. The first semiannual period is the
6-month period starting the date the Notification of Compliance Status
is due.
(1) For the first semiannual period--six excused excursions.
(2) For the second semiannual period--five excused excursions.
(3) For the third semiannual period--four excused excursions.
(4) For the fourth semiannual period--three excused excursions.
(5) For the fifth semiannual period--two excused excursions.
(6) For the sixth and all subsequent semiannual periods--one
excused excursion.
Sec. 63.1439 General recordkeeping and reporting provisions.
(a) Data retention. Unless otherwise specified in this subpart,
each owner or operator of an affected source shall keep copies of all
applicable records and reports required by this subpart for at least 5
years. All applicable records shall be maintained in such a manner that
they can be readily accessed. The most recent 6 months of records shall
be retained on site or shall be accessible from a central location by
computer or other means that provide access within 2 hours after a
request. The remaining 4 and one-half years of records may be retained
offsite. Records may be maintained in hard copy or computer-readable
form including, but not limited to, on microfilm, computer, floppy
disk, magnetic tape, or microfiche. If an owner or operator submits
copies of reports to the applicable EPA Regional Office, the owner or
operator is not required to maintain copies of reports. If the EPA
Regional Office has waived the requirement of Sec. 63.10(a)(4)(ii) for
submittal of copies of reports, the owner or operator is not required
to maintain copies of reports.
(b) Subpart A requirements. The owner or operator of an affected
source shall comply with the applicable recordkeeping and reporting
requirements in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A as specified in Table 1 of
this subpart. These requirements include, but are not limited to, the
requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section.
(1) Start-up, shutdown, and malfunction plan. The owner or operator
of an affected source shall develop and implement a written start-up,
shutdown, and malfunction plan as specified in Sec. 63.6(e)(3) of
subpart A. This plan shall describe, in detail, procedures for
operating and maintaining the affected source during periods of start-
up, shutdown, and malfunction and a program for corrective action for
malfunctioning process and air pollution control equipment used to
comply with this subpart. The affected source shall keep this plan
onsite. The owner or operator shall keep the written start-up,
shutdown, and malfunction plan on record after it is developed, to be
made available for inspection, upon request, by the Administrator for
the life of the affected source or until five years from the date the
affected units were last subject to the provisions of this subpart for
those affected sources that are no longer subject. Records associated
with the plan shall be kept as specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i)(A)
through (b)(1)(i)(D) of this section. Reports related to the plan shall
be submitted as specified in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) Records of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction. The owner or
operator shall keep the records specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i)(A)
through (b)(1)(i)(D) of this section.
(A) Records of the occurrence and duration of each start-up,
shutdown, and malfunction of operation of process equipment or
combustion, recovery, or recapture devices or continuous monitoring
systems used to comply with this subpart during which excess emissions
(as defined in Sec. 63.1420(h)(3)) occur.
(B) For each start-up, shutdown, or malfunction during which excess
emissions (as defined in Sec. 63.1420(h)(3)) occur, records that the
procedures specified in the affected source's start-up, shutdown, and
malfunction plan were followed, and documentation of actions taken that
are not consistent with the plan. For example, if a start-up, shutdown,
and malfunction plan includes procedures for routing a combustion,
recovery, or recapture device to a backup combustion, recovery, or
recapture device, records must be kept of whether the plan was
followed. These records may take the form of a ``checklist,'' or other
form of recordkeeping that confirms conformance with the start-up,
shutdown, and malfunction plan for the event.
(C) For continuous monitoring systems used to comply with this
subpart, records documenting the completion of calibration checks and
maintenance of continuous monitoring systems that are specified in the
manufacturer's instructions or other written procedures that provide
adequate assurance that the equipment would reasonably be expected to
monitor accurately.
(ii) Reports of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction. For the
purposes of this subpart, the semiannual start-up, shutdown, and
malfunction reports shall be submitted on the same schedule as the
Periodic Reports required under paragraph (e)(6) of this section
instead of the schedule specified in Sec. 63.10(d)(5)(i) of subpart A.
The reports shall include the information specified in paragraphs
(b)(1)(i)(A) through (b)(1)(i)(C) of this section and shall contain the
name, title, and signature of the owner or operator or other
responsible official who is certifying its accuracy.
(2) Application for approval of construction or reconstruction. For
new affected sources, each owner or operator shall comply with the
provisions in Sec. 63.5 of subpart A regarding construction and
reconstruction, excluding the provisions specified in Sec. 63.5
(d)(1)(ii)(H), (d)(1)(iii), (d)(2), and (d)(3)(ii) of subpart A.
(c) Subpart H requirements. Owners or operators of affected sources
shall comply with the reporting and recordkeeping requirements in
subpart H, except as specified in Sec. 63.1434(b) through
Sec. 63.1434(g).
(d) Recordkeeping and documentation. Owners or operators required
to comply with Sec. 63.1438 and, therefore, required to keep continuous
records shall keep records as specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through
(d)(9) of this section, unless an alternative recordkeeping system has
been requested and approved as specified in paragraph (g) or (h) of
this section. If a monitoring plan for storage vessels pursuant to
Sec. 63.1432(i) requires continuous records, the monitoring plan shall
specify which provisions, if any, of paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(9)
of this section apply. As described in Sec. 63.1432(i), certain storage
vessels are not required to comply with Sec. 63.1438 and, therefore,
are not required to keep continuous records as specified in this
paragraph. Owners and operators of such storage vessels shall keep
records as specified in the monitoring plan required by
Sec. 63.1432(i).
(1) The monitoring system shall measure data values at least once
during approximately equal 15 minute intervals.
[[Page 46847]]
(2) The owner or operator shall record either measured data value,
or block average values for 1 hour or shorter periods calculated from
all measured data values during each period. If values are measured
more frequently than once per minute, a single value for each minute
may be used to calculate the hourly (or shorter period) block average
instead of all measured values. Owners or operators of process vents
from batch unit operations must be record each measured data value.
(3) Daily average values of each continuously monitored parameter
shall be calculated for each operating day as specified in paragraphs
(d)(3)(i) through (d)(3)(ii) of this section, except as specified in
paragraphs (d)(6) and (d)(7) of this section.
(i) The daily average value shall be calculated as the average of
all parameter values recorded during the operating day. The calculated
average shall cover a 24-hour period if operation is continuous, or the
number of hours of operation per operating day if operation is not
continuous.
(ii) The operating day shall be the 24-hour period that the owner
or operator specifies in the operating permit or the Notification of
Compliance Status. It may be from midnight to midnight or another 24-
hour period.
(4) Records required for excursions. If the daily average value of
a monitored parameter for a given operating day is below the minimum
level or above the maximum level established in the Notification of
Compliance Status or operating permit, the owner or operator shall
retain the data recorded that operating day under paragraph (d)(2) of
this section.
(5) Records required when the daily average value is within the
established limit. If the daily average value of a monitored parameter
for a given operating day is above the minimum level or below the
maximum level established in the Notification of Compliance Status or
operating permit, the owner or operator shall retain the data recorded
that operating day under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
(6) Records required when all recorded values are within the
established limits. If all recorded values for a monitored parameter
during an operating day are above the minimum level or below the
maximum level established in the Notification of Compliance Status or
operating permit, the owner or operator may record that all values were
above the minimum level or below the maximum level rather than
calculating and recording a daily average for that operating day. For
these operating days, the records required in paragraph (d)(5) of this
section are required.
(7) Monitoring data recorded during periods of monitoring system
breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero (low-level) and high-
level adjustments shall not be included in any average computed under
this subpart. Records shall be kept of the times and durations of all
such periods and any other periods during process or combustion,
recovery, or recapture device operation when monitors are not
operating.
(8) For each flexible operation unit in which the primary product
is determined to be something other than a polyether polyol product,
the owner or operator shall maintain the documentation specified in
Sec. 63.1420(e)(7).
(9) The owner or operator of an affected source granted a waiver
under Sec. 63.10(f) shall maintain the information demonstrating
whether an affected source is meeting the requirements for a waiver of
recordkeeping or reporting requirements.
(e) Reporting and notification. (1) In addition to the reports and
notifications required by subparts A and H of this part, as specified
in this subpart, the owner or operator of an affected source shall
prepare and submit the reports listed in paragraphs (e)(3) through
(e)(9) of this section, as applicable.
(2) All reports required under this subpart shall be sent to the
Administrator at the applicable address listed in Sec. 63.13 of subpart
A of this part. If acceptable to both the Administrator and the owner
or operator of a source, reports may be submitted on electronic media.
(3) Initial Notification. Each owner or operator of an existing or
new affected source shall submit a written Initial Notification to the
Administrator, containing the information described in paragraph
(e)(3)(i) of this section, according to the schedule in paragraph
(e)(3)(ii) of this section. The Initial Notification provisions in
Sec. 63.9(b)(2), (b)(3), and (b)(6) of subpart A shall not apply, for
the purposes of this subpart.
(i) The Initial Notification shall include the following
information:
(A) The name and address of the owner or operator;
(B) The address (physical location) of the affected source;
(C) An identification of the kinds of emission points within the
affected source;
(D) An identification of the affected source; and
(E) A statement of whether the source can achieve compliance by the
relevant compliance date specified in Sec. 63.1422.
(ii) The Initial Notification shall be submitted according to the
schedule in paragraph (e)(3)(ii)(A), (e)(3)(ii)(B), or (e)(3)(ii)(C) of
this section, as applicable.
(A) For an existing source, the Initial Notification shall be
submitted within 120 calendar days after the date of promulgation.
(B) For a new source that has an initial start-up 90 calendar days
after the date of promulgation of this subpart or later, the
application for approval of construction or reconstruction required by
Sec. 63.5(d) of subpart A shall be submitted in lieu of the Initial
Notification. The application shall be submitted as soon as practical
before construction or reconstruction is planned to commence (but it
need not be sooner than 90 calendar days after the date of publication
of this subpart).
(C) For a new source that has an initial start-up prior to 90
calendar days after the date of promulgation, the Initial Notification
shall be submitted within 90 calendar days after the date of
promulgation of this subpart. The application for approval of
construction or reconstruction described in Sec. 63.5(d) of subpart A
is not required for these sources.
(4) Precompliance Report. Affected sources requesting an extension
for compliance, or requesting approval to use alternative monitoring
parameters, alternative continuous monitoring and recordkeeping, or
alternative controls, shall submit a Precompliance Report according to
the schedule described in paragraph (e)(4)(i) of this section. The
Precompliance Report shall contain the information specified in
paragraphs (e)(4)(ii) through (e)(4)(vi) of this section, as
appropriate.
(i) Submittal dates. The Precompliance Report shall be submitted to
the Administrator no later than 12 months prior to the compliance date.
For new sources, the Precompliance Report shall be submitted to the
Administrator with the application for approval of construction or
reconstruction required in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
(ii) A request for an extension for compliance may be submitted in
the Precompliance Report, in a separate submittal to the Administrator,
or in the Operating Permit application, as specified in
Sec. 63.1422(e).
(iii) The alternative monitoring parameter information required in
paragraph (f) of this section shall be submitted if, for any emission
point, the owner or operator of an affected source seeks to comply
through the use of a control technique other than those for which
monitoring parameters are specified in this subpart or in subpart G
[[Page 46848]]
of this part, or seeks to comply by monitoring a different parameter
than those specified in this subpart or in subpart G of this part.
(iv) If the affected source seeks to comply using alternative
continuous monitoring and recordkeeping as specified in paragraph (g)
of this section, the information requested in paragraph (e)(4)(iv)(A)
or (e)(4)(iv)(B) of this section must be submitted in the Precompliance
Report.
(A) The owner or operator must submit notification of the intent to
use the provisions specified in paragraph (h) of this section; or
(B) The owner or operator must submit a request for approval to use
alternative continuous monitoring and recordkeeping provisions as
specified in paragraph (g) of this section.
(v) The owner or operator shall report the intent to use
alternative controls to comply with the provisions of this subpart.
Alternative controls must be deemed by the Administrator to be
equivalent to the controls required by the standard, under the
procedures outlined in Sec. 63.6(g) of subpart A.
(5) Notification of Compliance Status. For existing and new
affected sources, a Notification of Compliance Status shall be
submitted within 150 days after the compliance dates specified in
Sec. 63.1422. For equipment leaks subject to Sec. 63.1434, the owner or
operator must submit the information required in Sec. 63.182(c) of
subpart H in the Notification of Compliance Status. For all other
emission points, including heat exchange systems, the Notification of
Compliance Status shall contain the information listed in paragraphs
(e)(5)(i) through (e)(5)(vii) of this section.
(i) The results of any emission point group determinations, process
section applicability determinations, performance tests, inspections,
continuous monitoring system performance evaluations, any other
information used to demonstrate compliance, values of monitored
parameters established during performance tests, and any other
information required to be included in the Notification of Compliance
Status under Sec. 63.1422(j), Sec. 63.122 of subpart G, and
Sec. 63.1432 for storage vessels, and Sec. 63.146 of subpart G for
process wastewater. In addition, each owner or operator shall comply
with paragraphs (e)(5)(i)(A) and (e)(5)(i)(B) of this section.
(A) For performance tests, group determinations, or determination
that controls are needed, the Notification of Compliance Status shall
include one complete test report, as described in paragraph
(e)(5)(i)(B) of this section, for each test method used for a
particular kind of emission point. For additional tests performed for
the same kind of emission point using the same method, the results and
any other required information shall be submitted, but a complete test
report is not required.
(B) A complete test report shall include a brief process
description, sampling site description, description of sampling and
analysis procedures and any modifications to standard procedures,
quality assurance procedures, record of operating conditions during the
test, record of preparation of standards, record of calibrations, raw
data sheets for field sampling, raw data sheets for field and
laboratory analyses, documentation of calculations, and any other
information required by the test method.
(ii) For each monitored parameter for which a maximum or minimum
level is required to be established under Sec. 63.114(e) of subpart G
and Sec. 63.1429(d) for process vents, Sec. 63.143(f) of subpart G for
process wastewater, paragraph (e)(8) of this section, or paragraph (f)
of this section, the information specified in paragraphs (e)(5)(ii)(A)
through (e)(5)(ii)(C) of this section shall be submitted. Further, as
described in Sec. 63.1432(k), for those storage vessels for which the
monitoring plan required by Sec. 63.120(d)(3) specifies compliance with
the provisions of Sec. 63.1438, the owner or operator shall provide the
information specified in paragraphs (e)(5)(ii)(A) through (e)(5)(ii)(C)
of this section for each monitoring parameter. For those storage
vessels for which the monitoring plan required by Sec. 63.120(d)(2)
does not require compliance with the provisions of Sec. 63.1438, the
owner or operator shall provide the information specified in
Sec. 63.120(d)(3) as part of the Notification of Compliance Status.
(A) The required information shall include the specific maximum or
minimum level of the monitored parameter(s) for each emission point.
(B) The required information shall include the rationale for the
specific maximum or minimum level for each parameter for each emission
point, including any data and calculations used to develop the level
and a description of why the level indicates that the combustion,
recovery, or recapture device is operated in a manner to ensure
compliance with the provisions of this subpart.
(C) The required information shall include a definition of the
affected source's operating day, as specified in paragraph (d)(3)(ii)
of this section, for purposes of determining daily average values of
monitored parameters.
(D) The required information shall include a definition of the
affected source's operating month for the purposes of determining
monthly average values of residual organic HAP.
(iii) The determination of applicability for flexible operation
units as specified in Sec. 63.1420(e)(6).
(iv) The parameter monitoring levels for flexible operation units,
and the basis on which these levels were selected, or a demonstration
that these levels are appropriate at all times, as specified in
Sec. 63.1420(e)(7).
(v) The results for each predominant use determination for storage
vessels belonging to an affected source subject to this subpart that is
made under Sec. 63.1420(f)(6).
(vi) If any emission point is subject to this subpart and to other
standards as specified in Sec. 63.1422(j), and if the provisions of
Sec. 63.1422(j) allow the owner or operator to choose which testing,
monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping provisions will be followed,
then the Notification of Compliance Status shall indicate which rule's
requirements will be followed for testing, monitoring, reporting, and
recordkeeping.
(vii) An owner or operator who transfers a Group 1 wastewater
stream or residual removed from a Group 1 wastewater stream for
treatment pursuant to Sec. 63.132(g) shall include in the Notification
of Compliance Status the name and location of the transferee and a
description of the Group 1 wastewater stream or residual sent to the
treatment facility.
(6) Periodic Reports. For existing and new affected sources, each
owner or operator shall submit Periodic Reports as specified in
paragraphs (e)(6)(i) through (e)(6)(x) of this section. In addition,
for equipment leaks subject to Sec. 63.1434, the owner or operator must
submit the information specified in Sec. 63.182(d) of subpart H, and
for heat exchange systems subject to Sec. 63.1434, the owner or
operator must submit the information specified in Sec. 63.104(f)(2) of
subpart F.
(i) Except as specified in paragraphs (e)(6)(viii) of this section,
a report containing the information in paragraph (e)(6)(ii) of this
section or paragraphs (e)(6)(iii) through (e)(6)(vii) of this section,
as appropriate, shall be submitted semiannually no later than 60 days
after the end of each 180 day period. The first report shall be
submitted no later than 240 days after the date the Notification of
Compliance Status is due and shall cover the 6-month period beginning
on the date the Notification of Compliance Status is
[[Page 46849]]
due. Subsequent reports shall cover each preceding 6-month period.
(ii) If none of the compliance exceptions in paragraphs (e)(6)(iii)
through (e)(6)(vii) of this section occurred during the 6-month period,
the Periodic Report required by paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this section
shall be a statement that the affected source was in compliance for the
preceding 6-month period and that none of the activities specified in
paragraphs (e)(6)(iii) through (e)(6)(vii) of this section occurred.
(iii) For an owner or operator of an affected source complying with
the provisions of Secs. 63.1432 through 63.1433 for any emission point,
Periodic Reports shall include:
(A) All information specified in Sec. 63.122(a)(4) of subpart G for
storage vessels, Sec. 63.1430 (h) or (i) for process vents,
Sec. 63.104(b)(4) of subpart F for heat exchange systems, and
Sec. 63.146(c) through Sec. 63.146(f) of subpart G for process
wastewater.
(B) The daily average values of monitored parameters for all
excursions, as defined in Sec. 63.1438(f).
(C) The periods when monitoring data were not collected shall be
specified; and
(D) The information in paragraphs (e)(6)(iii)(D)(1) through
(e)(6)(iii)(D)(4) of this section, as applicable:
(1) Notification if a process change is made such that the group
status of any emission point changes. The information submitted shall
include a compliance schedule, as specified in paragraphs
(e)(6)(iii)(D)(2)(i) and (e)(6)(iii)(D)(2)(ii) of this section, for
emission points that change from Group 2 to Group 1 as specified in
Sec. 63.1420(g)(3); or for process vents under the conditions listed in
Sec. 63.1429(g)(3)(i). This information may be submitted in a separate
report, as specified in Sec. 63.1430(i).
(i) The owner of operator shall submit to the Administrator for
approval a compliance schedule and a justification for the schedule.
(ii) The Administrator shall approve the compliance schedule or
request changes within 120 days of receipt of the compliance schedule
and justification.
(2) Notification if one or more emission points or one or more PMPU
is added to an affected source. The owner or operator shall submit the
information contained in paragraphs (e)(6)(iii)(D)(3)(i) through
(e)(6)(iii)(D)(3)(iii) of this section.
(i) A description of the addition to the affected source;
(ii) Notification of the group status or control requirement for
the additional emission point or all emission points in the PMPU;
(iii) A compliance schedule, as required under paragraph
(e)(6)(iii)(D)(2) of this section.
(3) For process wastewater streams sent for treatment pursuant to
Sec. 63.132(g), reports of changes in the identity of the treatment
facility or transferee.
(E) The information in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section for
reports of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction.
(iv) If any performance tests are reported in a Periodic Report,
the following information shall be included:
(A) One complete test report shall be submitted for each test
method used for a particular kind of emission point tested. A complete
test report shall contain the information specified in paragraph
(e)(5)(i)(B) of this section.
(B) For additional tests performed for the same kind of emission
point using the same method, results and any other information required
shall be submitted, but a complete test report is not required.
(v) The results for each change made to a primary product
determination for a polyether polyol product made under
Sec. 63.1420(e)(6).
(vi) The results for each change made to a predominant use
determination for a storage vessel belonging to an affected source
subject to this subpart that is made under Sec. 63.1420(f)(6).
(vii) The Periodic Report required by Sec. 63.1434(f) shall be
submitted as part of the Periodic Report required by paragraph (e)(6)
of this section.
(viii) The owner or operator of an affected source shall submit
quarterly reports for a period of 1 year for an emission point or
process section if the emission point or process section has more
excursions, as defined in Sec. 63.1438(f), than the number of excused
excursions allowed under Sec. 63.1438(g) for a semiannual reporting
period and the Administrator requests the owner or operator to submit
quarterly reports for that emission point or process section.
(7) Other reports. The notifications of inspections required by
Sec. 63.1432 shall be submitted, as specified in Sec. 63.122 (h)(1) and
(h)(2) of subpart G.
(8) Operating permit application. An owner or operator who submits
an operating permit application instead Precompliance Report shall
submit the information specified in paragraph (e)(4) of this section,
Precompliance Report, as applicable, with the operating permit
application.
(f) Alternative monitoring parameters. The owner or operator who
has been directed by any section of this subpart or any section of
another subpart referenced by this subpart to set unique monitoring
parameters, or who requests approval to monitor a different parameter
than those listed in Sec. 63.1432 for storage vessels, Sec. 63.1426 for
ECO, Sec. 63.1429 for process vents, or Sec. 63.143 of subpart G for
process wastewater shall submit the information specified in paragraphs
(f)(1) through (f)(3) of this section in the Precompliance Report, as
required by paragraph (e)(4) of this section. The owner or operator
shall retain for a period of 5 years each record required by paragraphs
(f)(1) through (f)(3) of this section.
(1) The required information shall include a description of the
parameter(s) to be monitored to ensure the combustion, recovery or
control technique, or pollution prevention measure is operated in
conformance with its design and achieves the specified emission limit,
percent reduction, or nominal efficiency, and an explanation of the
criteria used to select the parameter(s).
(2) The required information shall include a description of the
methods and procedures that will be used to demonstrate that the
parameter indicates proper operation, the schedule for this
demonstration, and a statement that the owner or operator will
establish a level for the monitored parameter as part of the
Notification of Compliance Status report required in paragraph (e)(5)
of this section, unless this information has already been included in
the operating permit application.
(3) The required information shall include a description of the
proposed monitoring, recordkeeping, and recording system, to include
the frequency and content of monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting.
Further, the rationale for the proposed monitoring, recordkeeping, and
reporting system shall be included if either condition in paragraph
(f)(3)(i) or (f)(3)(ii) of this section is met:
(i) If monitoring and recordkeeping is not continuous, or
(ii) If reports of daily average values will not be included in
Periodic Reports when the monitored parameter value is above the
maximum level or below the minimum level as established in the
operating permit or the Notification of Compliance Status.
(g) Alternative continuous monitoring and recordkeeping. An owner
or operator choosing not to implement the continuous parameter
operating and recordkeeping provisions listed in Sec. 63.1429 for
process vents, and Sec. 63.1433 for wastewater, may instead request
approval to use alternative continuous monitoring and recordkeeping
provisions according to
[[Page 46850]]
the procedures specified in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(4) of this
section. Requests shall be submitted in the Precompliance Report as
specified in paragraph (e)(4)(iv) of this section, and shall contain
the information specified in paragraphs (g)(2)(ii) and (g)(3)(ii) of
this section, as applicable.
(1) The provisions in Sec. 63.8(f)(5)(i) of subpart A shall govern
the review and approval of requests.
(2) An owner or operator of an affected source that does not have
an automated monitoring and recording system capable of measuring
parameter values at least once during approximately equal 15 minute
intervals and that does not generate continuous records may request
approval to use a nonautomated system with less frequent monitoring, in
accordance with paragraphs (g)(2)(i) and (g)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) The requested system shall include manual reading and recording
of the value of the relevant operating parameter no less frequently
than once per hour. Daily averages shall be calculated from these
hourly values and recorded.
(ii) The request shall contain:
(A) A description of the planned monitoring and recordkeeping
system;
(B) Documentation that the affected source does not have an
automated monitoring and recording system;
(C) Justification for requesting an alternative monitoring and
recordkeeping system; and
(D) Demonstration that the proposed monitoring frequency is
sufficient to represent combustion, recovery, or recapture device
operating conditions, considering typical variability of the specific
process and combustion, recovery, or recapture device operating
parameter being monitored.
(3) An owner or operator may request approval to use an automated
data compression recording system that does not record monitored
operating parameter values at a set frequency (for example, once at
approximately equal intervals of about 15 minutes), but that records
all values that meet set criteria for variation from previously
recorded values, in accordance with paragraphs (g)(3)(i) and (g)(3)(ii)
of this section.
(i) The requested system shall be designed to:
(A) Measure the operating parameter value at least once during
approximately equal 15 minute intervals;
(B) Record at least four values each hour during periods of
operation;
(C) Record the date and time when monitors are turned off or on;
(D) Recognize unchanging data that may indicate the monitor is not
functioning properly, alert the operator, and record the incident;
(E) Calculate daily average values of the monitored operating
parameter based on all measured data; and
(F) If the daily average is not an excursion, as defined in
Sec. 63.1438(f), the data for that operating day may be converted to
hourly average values and the four or more individual records for each
hour in the operating day may be discarded.
(ii) The request shall contain:
(A) A description of the monitoring system and data compression
recording system, including the criteria used to determine which
monitored values are recorded and retained;
(B) The method for calculating daily averages; and
(C) A demonstration that the system meets all criteria in paragraph
(g)(3)(i) of this section.
(4) An owner or operator may request approval to use other
alternative monitoring systems according to the procedures specified in
Sec. 63.8(f)(4) of subpart A.
(h) Reduced recordkeeping program. For any parameter with respect
to any item of equipment, the owner or operator may implement the
recordkeeping requirements in paragraph (h)(1) or (h)(2) of this
section as alternatives to the continuous operating parameter
monitoring and recordkeeping provisions listed in Sec. 63.1432 for
storage vessels, Sec. 63.1429 for process vents, and Sec. 63.1433 for
wastewater. The owner or operator shall retain for a period of 5 years
each record required by paragraph (h)(1) or (h)(2) of this section.
(1) The owner or operator may retain only the daily average value,
and is not required to retain more frequent monitored operating
parameter values, for a monitored parameter with respect to an item of
equipment, if the requirements of paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through
(h)(1)(iv) of this section are met. An owner or operator electing to
comply with the requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this section shall
notify the Administrator in the Notification of Compliance Status or,
if the Notification of Compliance Status has already been submitted, in
the Periodic Report immediately preceding implementation of the
requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this section.
(i) The monitoring system is capable of detecting unrealistic or
impossible data during periods of operation other than start-ups,
shutdowns or malfunctions (e.g., a temperature reading of -200 deg.C
on a boiler), and will alert the operator by alarm or other means. The
owner or operator shall record the occurrence. All instances of the
alarm or other alert in an operating day constitute a single
occurrence.
(ii) The monitoring system generates, updated at least hourly
throughout each operating day, a running average of the monitoring
values that have been obtained during that operating day, and the
capability to observe this running average is readily available to the
Administrator on-site during the operating day. The owner or operator
shall record the occurrence of any period meeting the criteria in
paragraphs (h)(1)(ii)(A) through (h)(1)(ii)(C) of this section. All
instances in an operating day constitute a single occurrence.
(A) The running average is above the maximum or below the minimum
established limits;
(B) The running average is based on at least six one-hour average
values; and
(C) The running average reflects a period of operation other than a
start-up, shutdown, or malfunction.
(iii) The monitoring system is capable of detecting unchanging data
during periods of operation other than start-ups, shutdowns or
malfunctions, except in circumstances where the presence of unchanging
data is the expected operating condition based on past experience
(e.g., pH in some scrubbers), and will alert the operator by alarm or
other means. The owner or operator shall record the occurrence. All
instances of the alarm or other alert in an operating day constitute a
single occurrence.
(iv) The monitoring system will alert the owner or operator by an
alarm, if the running average parameter value calculated under
paragraph (h)(1)(ii) of this section reaches a set point that is
appropriately related to the established limit for the parameter that
is being monitored.
(v) The owner or operator shall verify the proper functioning of
the monitoring system, including its ability to comply with the
requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this section, at the times
specified in paragraphs (h)(1)(v)(A) through (h)(1)(v)(C) of this
section. The owner or operator shall document that the required
verifications occurred.
(A) Upon initial installation.
(B) Annually after initial installation.
(C) After any change to the programming or equipment constituting
the monitoring system, which might reasonably be expected to alter the
monitoring system's ability to comply with the requirements of this
section.
(vi) The owner or operator shall retain the records identified in
paragraphs
[[Page 46851]]
(h)(1)(vi)(A) through (h)(1)(vi)(D) of this section.
(A) Identification of each parameter, for each item of equipment,
for which the owner or operator has elected to comply with the
requirements of paragraph (h) of this section.
(B) A description of the applicable monitoring system(s), and how
compliance will be achieved with each requirement of paragraphs
(h)(1)(i) through (h)(1)(v) of this section. The description shall
identify the location and format (e.g., on-line storage, log entries)
for each required record. If the description changes, the owner or
operator shall retain both the current and the most recent superseded
description, as specified in paragraph (h)(1)(vi)(D) of this section.
(C) A description, and the date, of any change to the monitoring
system that would reasonably be expected to affect its ability to
comply with the requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this section.
(D) Owners and operators subject to paragraph (h)(1)(vi)(B) of this
section shall retain the current description of the monitoring system
as long as the description is current, but not less than 5 years from
the date it was last employed. The current description shall, at all
times, be retained on-site or be accessible from a central location by
computer or other means that provides access within 2 hours after a
request. The owner or operator shall retain the most recent superseded
description at least until 5 years from the date it was last employed.
(2) If an owner or operator has elected to implement the
requirements of paragraph (h)(1) of this section for a monitored
parameter with respect to an item of equipment and a period of 6
consecutive months has passed without an excursion as defined in
paragraph (h)(2)(iv) of this section, the owner or operator is no
longer required to record the daily average value, for any operating
day when the daily average is less than the maximum, or greater than
the minimum established limit. With approval by the Administrator,
monitoring data generated prior to the compliance date of this subpart
shall be credited toward the period of 6 consecutive months, if the
parameter limit and the monitoring accomplished during the period prior
to the compliance date was required and/or approved by the
Administrator.
(i) If the owner or operator elects not to retain the daily average
values, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator in the
next Periodic Report. The notification shall identify the parameter and
unit of equipment.
(ii) If, on any operating day after the owner or operator has
ceased recording daily average values as provided in paragraph (h)(2)
of this section, there is an excursion as defined in paragraph
(h)(2)(iv) of this section, the owner or operator shall immediately
resume retaining the daily average value for each operating day and
shall notify the Administrator in the next Periodic Report. The owner
or operator shall continue to retain each daily average value until
another period of 6 consecutive months has passed without an excursion
as defined in paragraph (h)(2)(iv) of this section.
(iii) The owner or operator shall retain the records specified in
paragraph (h)(1) of this section, for the duration specified in
paragraph (h) of this section. For any calendar week, if compliance
with paragraphs (h)(1)(i) through (h)(1)(iv) of this section does not
result in retention of a record of at least one occurrence or measured
parameter value, the owner or operator shall record and retain at least
one parameter value during a period of operation other than a start-up,
shutdown, or malfunction.
(iv) For the purposes of paragraph (h) of this section, an
excursion means that the daily average of monitoring data for a
parameter is greater than the maximum, or less than the minimum
established value, except as provided in paragraphs (h)(2)(iv)(A) and
(h)(2)(iv)(B) of this section.
(A) The daily average value during any start-up, shutdown, or
malfunction shall not be considered an excursion for purposes of
paragraph (h)(2) of this section, if the owner or operator follows the
applicable provisions of the start-up, shutdown, and malfunction plan
required by Sec. 63.6(e)(3) of subpart A.
(B) An excused excursion, as described in Sec. 63.1438(g), shall
not be considered an excursion for the purposes of paragraph (h)(2) of
this section.
Table 1.--Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart PPP Affected Sources
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Applies to subpart PPP Comment
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
63.1(a)(1)......................... Yes........................ Sec. 63.1423 of subpart PPP specifies
definitions in addition to or that supersede
definitions in Sec. 63.2.
63.1(a)(2)......................... Yes.
63.1(a)(3)......................... Yes........................ Sec. 63.1422(f) through (j) of this subpart
and Sec. 63.160(b) of subpart H identify
those standards which overlap with the
requirements of subparts U and H and specify
how compliance shall be achieved.
63.1(a)(4)......................... Yes........................ Subpart PPP (this table) specifies the
applicability of each paragraph in subpart A
to subpart PPP.
63.1(a)(5)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.1(a)(6)-63.1(a)(8).............. Yes.
63.1(a)(9)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.1(a)(10)........................ Yes.
63.1(a)(11)........................ Yes.
63.1(a)(12)-63.1(a)(14)............ Yes.
63.1(b)(1)......................... No......................... Sec. 63.1420(a) contains specific
applicability criteria.
63.1(b)(2)......................... Yes.
63.1(b)(3)......................... Yes.
63.1(c)(1)......................... Yes........................ Subpart PPP (this table) specifies the
applicability of each paragraph in subpart A
to subpart PPP.
63.1(c)(2)......................... No......................... Area sources are not subject to subpart PPP.
63.1(c)(3)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.1(c)(4)......................... Yes.
63.1(c)(5)......................... Yes........................ Except that affected sources are not required
to submit notifications overridden by this
table.
63.1(d)............................ No......................... Reserved.
[[Page 46852]]
63.1(e)............................ Yes.
63.2............................... Yes........................ Sec. 63.1423 of subpart PPP specifies those
subpart A definitions that apply to subpart
PPP.
63.3............................... Yes.
63.4(a)(1)-63.4(a)(3).............. Yes.
63.4(a)(4)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.4(a)(5)......................... Yes.
63.4(b)............................ Yes.
63.4(c)............................ Yes.
63.5(a)(1)......................... Yes........................ Except the terms ``source'' and ``stationary
source'' should be interpreted as having the
same meaning as ``affected source''.
63.5(a)(2)......................... Yes.
63.5(b)(1)......................... Yes........................ Except Sec. 63.1420(h) defines when
construction or reconstruction is subject to
new source standards.
63.5(b)(2)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.5(b)(3)......................... Yes.
63.5(b)(4)......................... Yes........................ Except that the Initial Notification and Sec.
63.9(b) requirements do not apply.
63.5(b)(5)......................... Yes.
63.5(b)(6)......................... Yes........................ Except that Sec. 63.1420(h) defines when
construction or reconstruction is subject to
the new source standards.
63.5(c)............................ No......................... Reserved.
63.5(d)(1)(i)...................... Yes.
63.5(d)(1)(ii)..................... Yes........................ Except that Sec. 63.5(d)(1)(ii)(H) does not
apply.
63.5(d)(1)(iii).................... No......................... Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) and Sec. 63.1434(f) of
subpart PPP specify Notification of
Compliance Status requirements.
63.5(d)(2)......................... No.
63.5(d)(3)......................... Yes........................ Except Sec. 63.5(d)(3)(ii) does not apply,
and equipment leaks subject to Sec. 63.1434
are exempt.
63.5(d)(4)......................... Yes.
63.5(e)............................ Yes.
63.5(f)(1)......................... Yes.
63.5(f)(2)......................... Yes........................ Except that where Sec. 63.9(b)(2) is referred
to, the owner or operator need not comply.
63.6(a)............................ Yes.
63.6(b)(1)......................... Yes.
63.6(b)(2)......................... Yes.
63.6(b)(3)......................... Yes.
63.6(b)(4)......................... Yes.
63.6(b)(5)......................... Yes.
63.6(b)(6)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.6(b)(7)......................... No.
63.6(c)(1)......................... Yes........................ Sec. 63.1422 of subpart PPP specifies the
compliance date.
63.6(c)(2)......................... No.
63.6(c)(3)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.6(c)(4)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.6(c)(5)......................... Yes.
63.6(d)............................ No......................... Reserved.
63.6(e)............................ Yes........................ Except as otherwise specified for individual
paragraphs (below), and Sec. 63.6(e) does
not apply to Group 2 emission points.
63.6(e)(1)(i)...................... No......................... This is addressed by Sec. 63.1420(i)(4).
63.6(e)(1)(ii)..................... Yes.
63.6(e)(1)(iii).................... Yes.
63.6(e)(2)......................... Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(i)...................... Yes........................ For equipment leaks (subject to Sec.
63.1434), the start-up, shutdown, and
malfunction plan requirement of Sec.
63.6(e)(3)(i) is limited to combustion,
recovery, or recapture devices and is
optional for other equipment. The start-up,
shutdown, and malfunction plan may include
written procedures that identify conditions
that justify a delay of repair.
63.6(e)(3)(i)(A)................... Yes........................ This is also addressed by Sec. 63.1420(i)(4).
63.6(e)(3)(i)(B)................... Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(i)(C)................... Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(ii)..................... Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(iii).................... No......................... Recordkeeping and reporting are specified in
Sec. 63.1439(b)(1).
63.6(e)(3)(iv)..................... No......................... Recordkeeping and reporting are specified in
Sec. 63.1439(b)(1).
63.6(e)(3)(v)...................... No.
63.6(e)(3)(vi)..................... Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(vii).................... Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(vii)(A)................. Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(vii)(B)................. Yes........................ Except the plan must provide for operation in
compliance with Sec. 63.1420(i)(4).
63.6(e)(3)(vii)(C)................. Yes.
63.6(e)(3)(viii)................... Yes.
[[Page 46853]]
63.6(f)(1)......................... Yes.
63.6(f)(2)......................... Yes........................ Except 63.7(c), as referred to in Sec.
63.6(f)(2)(iii)(D) does not apply, and except
that Sec. 63.6(f)(2)(ii) does not apply to
equipment leaks subject to Sec. 63.1434.
63.6(f)(3)......................... Yes.
63.6(g)............................ Yes.
63.6(h)............................ No......................... Subpart PPP does not require opacity and
visible emission standards.
63.6(i)(1)......................... Yes.
63.6(i)(2)......................... Yes.
63.6(i)(3)......................... Yes.
63.6(i)(4)(i)(A)................... Yes.
63.6(i)(4)(i)(B)................... No......................... Dates are specified in Sec. 63.1422(e) and
Sec. 63.1439(e)(5)(i) for all emission
points except equipment leaks, which are
covered under Sec. 63.182(a)(6)(i) of
subpart H.
63.6(i)(4)(ii)..................... No.
63.6(i) (5)-(14)................... Yes.
63.6(i)(15)........................ No......................... Reserved.
63.6(i)(16)........................ Yes.
63.6(j)............................ Yes.
63.7(a)(1)......................... Yes........................
63.7(a)(2)......................... No......................... Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) of subpart PPP specifies
the submittal dates of performance test
results for all emission points except
equipment leaks; for equipment leaks,
compliance demonstration test results are
reported in the Periodic Reports.
63.7(a)(3)......................... Yes.
63.7(b)............................ No......................... Sec. 63.1437(a)(4) of subpart PPP specifies
notification requirements.
63.7(c)............................ No......................... Except if the owner or operator chooses to
submit an alternative nonopacity emission
standard for approval under Sec. 63.6(g).
63.7(d)............................ Yes.
63.7(e)(1)......................... Yes........................ Except that all performance tests must be
conducted at maximum representative operating
conditions.
63.7(e)(2)......................... Yes.
63.7(e)(3)......................... No......................... Subpart PPP specifies requirements
63.7(e)(4)......................... Yes.
63.7(f)............................ Yes........................ Since a site specific test plan is not
required, the Notification deadline in Sec.
63.7(f)(2)(i) shall be 60 days prior to the
performance test, and in Sec. 63.7(f)(3)
approval or disapproval of the alternative
test method shall not be tied to the site
specific test plan.
63.7(g)............................ Yes........................ Except that references to the Notification of
Compliance Status report in 63.9(h) of
subpart A are replaced with the requirements
in Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) of subpart PPP. In
addition, emission points subject to Sec.
63.1434 are not required to conduct
performance tests.
63.7(h)............................ Yes........................ Except Sec. 63.7(h)(4)(ii) is not applicable,
since the site-specific test plans in Sec.
63.7(c)(3) are not required.
63.8(a)(1)......................... Yes.
63.8(a)(2)......................... No.
63.8(a)(3)......................... No......................... Reserved.
63.8(a)(4)......................... Yes.
63.8(b)(1)......................... Yes.
63.8(b)(2)......................... No......................... Subpart PPP specifies locations to conduct
monitoring.
63.8(b)(3)......................... Yes.
63.8(c)(1)......................... Yes.
63.8(c)(1)(i)...................... Yes.
63.8(c)(1)(ii)..................... No......................... For all emission points except equipment
leaks, comply with Sec. 63.1439(b)(1)(i)(B);
for equipment leaks, comply with Sec.
63.181(g)(2)(ii) of subpart H.
63.8(c)(1)(iii).................... Yes.
63.8(c)(2)......................... Yes.
63.8(c)(3)......................... Yes.
63.8(c)(4)......................... No......................... Sec. 63.1438 of subpart PPP specifies
monitoring frequency; not applicable to
equipment leaks, because Sec. 63.1434 does
not require continuous monitoring systems.
63.8(c)(5)-63.8(c)(8).............. No.
63.8(d)............................ No.
63.8(e)............................ No.
63.8(f)(1)-63.8(f)(3).............. Yes.
63.8(f)(4)(i)...................... No......................... Timeframe for submitting request is specified
in Sec. 63.1439 (f) or (g) of subpart PPP;
not applicable to equipment leaks, because
Sec. 63.1434 (through subpart H) specifies
acceptable alternative methods.
63.8(f)(4)(ii)..................... No......................... Contents of request are specified in Sec.
63.1439 (f) or (g).
63.8(f)(4)(iii).................... No.
63.8(f)(5)(i)...................... Yes.
63.8(f)(5)(ii)..................... No.
63.8(f)(5)(iii).................... Yes.
63.8(f)(6)......................... No......................... Subpart PPP does not require CEM's.
[[Page 46854]]
63.8(g)............................ No......................... Data reduction procedures specified in Sec.
63.1439 (d) and (h) of subpart PPP; not
applicable to equipment leaks.
63.9(a)............................ Yes.
63.9(b)............................ No......................... Subpart PPP does not require an initial
notification.
63.9(c)............................ Yes.
63.9(d)............................ Yes.
63.9(e)............................ No......................... Sec. 63.1437(a)(4) specifies notification
deadline.
63.9(f)............................ No......................... Subpart PPP does not require opacity and
visible emission standards.
63.9(g)............................ No.
63.9(h)............................ No......................... Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) of subpart PPP specifies
Notification of Compliance Status
requirements.
63.9(i)............................ Yes.
63.9(j)............................ No.
63.10(a)........................... Yes.
63.10(b)(1)........................ No......................... Sec. 63.1439(a) specifies record retention
requirements.
63.10(b)(2)........................ No......................... Subpart PPP specifies recordkeeping
requirements.
63.10(b)(3)........................ Yes.
63.10(c)........................... No......................... Sec. 63.1439 of subpart PPP specifies
recordkeeping requirements.
63.10(d)(1)........................ Yes.
63.10(d)(2)........................ No......................... Sec. 63.1439(e)(6) specifies performance test
reporting; not applicable to equipment leaks.
63.10(d)(3)........................ No......................... Subpart PPP does not require opacity and
visible emission standards.
63.10(d)(4)........................ Yes.
63.10(d)(5)........................ Yes........................ Except that reports required by Sec.
63.10(d)(5)(i) shall be submitted at the same
time as Periodic Reports specified in Sec.
63.1439(e)(7) of subpart PPP. The startup,
shutdown, and malfunction plan, and any
records or reports of startup, shutdown, and
malfunction do not apply to Group 2 emission
points.
63.10(e)........................... No......................... Sec. 63.1439 specifies reporting
requirements.
63.10(f)........................... Yes.
63.11.............................. Yes.
63.12.............................. Yes........................ Except that the authority of Sec. 63.177 of
subpart H (for equipment leaks) will not be
delegated to States.
63.13-63.15........................ Yes.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a The plan, and any records or reports of start-up, shutdown, and malfunction do not apply to Group 2 emission
points.
Table 2. Applicability of Subparts F, G, and H to Subpart PPP Affected Sources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Applies to subpart PPP Comment Applicable section of subpart PPP
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subpart F
63.100.............................. No.
63.101.............................. Yes......................... Several definitions from 63.101 are incorporated 63.1423.
by reference into 63.1424.
63.102-63.109.......................
No.
Subpart G
63.110.............................. No.
63.111.............................. Yes......................... Several definitions from 63.111 are incorporated 63.1423.
by reference into 63.1423.
63.112.............................. No.
63.113-63.118....................... Yes......................... With the differences noted in 63.1425(f)(1)
through (f)(10), for THF facilities. For
epoxide facilities, 63.115(d) is used for TRE
determinations.
63.119-63.123....................... Yes......................... With the differences noted in 63.1432(c) through .63.1432.
63.1432(q).
63.124-63.125....................... No.......................... Reserved
63.126-63.130....................... No
63.131-63.147....................... Yes......................... With the differences noted in 63.1433(a)(1) 63.1433.
through 63.1433(a)(19).
63.148-63.149....................... Yes......................... With the differences noted in 63.1432(c) through 63.1432 and 63.1433.
63.1432(q) and 63.1433(a)(1) through
63.1433(a)(19).
63.150(a) through 63.150(f)......... No.
63.150(g)(1) and 63.150(g)(2)....... No.
63.150(g)(3)........................ No.
63.150(g)(4)........................ No.
63.150(g)(5)........................ No.
63.150(h)(1) and 63.150(h)(2)....... No.
63.150(h)(3)........................ No.
63.150(h)(4)........................ No.
63.150(h)(5)........................ No.
[[Page 46855]]
63.150(i) through 63.150(o)......... No.
63.151-63.152....................... No.
Subpart H
63.160-63.193....................... Yes......................... Subpart PPP affected sources must comply with 63.1434.
all requirements of subpart H.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3.--Group 1 Storage Vessels at Existing and New Affected Sources
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vapor
Vessel capacity (cubic meters) pressure a
(kilopascals)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
75 capacity < 151............................="">13
.1
151 capacity................................. 5.
2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Maximum true vapor pressure of total organic HAP at storage
temperature.
Table 4.--Known Organic HAP From Polyether Polyol Products
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organic HAP/chemical name (CAS No.)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1,3 Butadiene (106990).
Ethylene Oxide (75218).
Hexane (100543).
Methanol (67561).
Propylene Oxide (75569).
Toluene (108883).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CAS No. = Chemical Abstract Service Number.
Table 5.--Group 1 Process Vents Streams--Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Recordkeeping and reporting requirements for
Control/recovery device Parameter to be monitored monitored parameters
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thermal Incinerator................ Firebox temperature a...... 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
63.1429b.
2. Record and report the average firebox
temperature measured during the performance
test--NCS c.
3. Record the batch cycle daily average
firebox temperature as specified in Sec.
63.1429.
4. Report all batch cycle daily average
temperatures that are below the minimum
operating temperature established in the NCS
or operating permit and all instances when
monitoring data are not collected--PR.d, e.
Catalytic Incinerator.............. Temperature upstream and 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
downstream of the catalyst 63.1429.b
bed.
2. Record and report the average upstream and
downstream temperatures and the average
temperature difference across the catalyst
bed measured during the performance test--
NCS.c
3. Record the batch cycle daily average
upstream temperature and temperature
difference across catalyst bed as specified
in Sec. 63.1429.
4. Report all batch cycle daily average
upstream temperatures that are below the
minimum upstream temperature established in
the NCS or operating permit--PR.d, e
5. Report all batch cycle daily average
temperature differences across the catalyst
bed that are below the minimum difference
established in the NCS or operating permit--
PR.d, e
6. Report all instances when monitoring data
are not collected.e
Boiler or Process Heater with a Firebox temperature a...... 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
design heat input capacity less 63.1429.b
than 44 megawatts and where the
process vents are not introduced
with or used as the primary fuel.
2. Record and report the average firebox
temperature measured during the performance
test--NCS.c
3. Record the batch cycle daily average
firebox temperature as specified in Sec.
63.1429.d
[[Page 46856]]
4. Report all batch cycle daily average
temperatures that are below the minimum
operating temperature established in the NCS
or operating permit and all instances when
monitoring data are not collected--PR.d, e
Flare.............................. Presence of a flame at the 1. Hourly records of whether the monitor was
pilot light. continuously operating during batch emission
episodes selected for control and whether a
flame was continuously present at the pilot
light during each hour.
2. Record and report the presence of a flame
at the pilot light over the full period of
the compliance determination--NCS.c
3. Record the times and durations of all
periods during batch emission episodes when
all flames at the pilot light of a flare are
absent or the monitor is not operating.
4. Report the times and durations of all
periods during batch emission episodes
selected for control when all flames at the
pilot light of a flare are absent--PR.d
Absorber f......................... Exit temperature of the 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
absorbing liquid, and 63.1429.b
2. Record and report the average exit
temperature of the absorbing liquid measured
during the performance test--NCS.c
3. Record the batch cycle daily average exit
temperature of the absorbing liquid as
specified in Sec. 63.1429 for each batch
cycle.
4. Report all the batch cycle daily average
exit temperatures of the absorbing liquid
that are below the minimum operating value
established in the NCS or operating permit
and all instances when monitoring data are
not collected--PR.d, e
Exit specific gravity for 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
the absorbing liquid. 63.1429.b
2. Record and report the average exit specific
gravity measured during the performance test--
NCS.
3. Record the batch cycle daily average exit
specific gravity as specified in Sec.
63.1429.
4. Report all batch cycle daily average exit
specific gravity values that are below the
minimum operating value established in the
NCS or operating permit and all instances
when monitoring data are not collected--PR.d,
e
Condenser f........................ Exit (product side) 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
temperature. 63.1429.b
2. Record and report the average exit
temperature measured during the performance
test--NCS.
3. Record the batch cycle daily average exit
temperature as specified in Sec. 63.1429.
4. Report all batch cycle daily average exit
temperatures that are above the maximum
operating temperature established in the NCS
or operating permit and all instances when
monitoring data are not collected--PR.d, e
Carbon Adsorber f.................. Total regeneration stream 1. Record of total regeneration stream mass or
mass or volumetric flow volumetric flow for each carbon bed
during carbon bed regeneration cycle.
regeneration cycle(s), and
2. Record and report the total regeneration
stream mass or volumetric flow during each
carbon bed regeneration cycle during the
performance test--NCS.c
3. Report all carbon bed regeneration cycles
when the total regeneration stream or
volumetric mass flow is above the maximum
flow rate established in the NCS or operating
permit--PR.d, e
Temperature of the carbon 1. Record the temperature of the carbon bed
bed after regeneration and after each regeneration and within 15 minutes
within 15 minutes of of completing any cooling cycle(s).
completing any cooling 2. Record and report the temperature of the
cycle(s). carbon bed after each regeneration and within
15 minutes of completing any cooling cycle(s)
measured during the performance test--NCS.c
3. Report all carbon bed regeneration cycles
when the temperature of the carbon bed after
regeneration, or within 15 minutes of
completing any cooling cycle(s), is above the
maximum temperature established in the NCS or
operating permit--PR.d, e
All Combustion, recovery, or Diversion to the atmosphere 1. Hourly records of whether the flow
recapture devices. from the combustion, indicator was operating during batch emission
recovery, or recapture episodes selected for control and whether a
device or diversion was detected at any time during the
hour, as specified in Sec. 63.1429.
2. Record and report the times of all periods
during batch emission episodes selected for
control when emissions are diverted through a
bypass line, or the flow indicator is not
operating--PR.d
Monthly inspections of 1. Records that monthly inspections were
sealed valves. performed as specified in Sec. 63.1429.
[[Page 46857]]
2. Record and report all monthly inspections
that show that valves are in the diverting
position or that a seal has been broken--PR.d
Absorber, Condenser, and Carbon Concentration level or 1. Continuous records as specified in Sec.
Adsorber (as an alternative to the reading indicated by an 63.1429.b
above). organic monitoring device 2. Record and report the average concentration
at the outlet of the level or reading measured during the
recovery device. performance test--NCS.
3. Record the batch cycle daily average
concentration level or reading as specified
in Sec. 63.1429.
4. Report all batch cycle daily average
concentration levels or readings that are
above the maximum concentration or reading
established in the NCS or operating permit
and all instances when monitoring data are
not collected--PR.d, e
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Monitor may be installed in the firebox or in the ductwork immediately downstream of the firebox before any
substantial heat exchange is encountered.
b ``Continuous records'' is defined in Sec. 63.111 of subpart G.
c NCS = Notification of Compliance Status described in Sec. 63.1429.
d PR = Periodic Reports described in Sec. 63.1429 of this subpart.
e The periodic reports shall include the duration of periods when monitoring data are not collected as specified
in Sec. 63.1439 of this subpart.
f Alternatively, these devices may comply with the organic monitoring device provisions listed at the end of
this table.
Table 6.--Operating Parameters for Which Monitoring Levels are Required to be Established for Process Vents
Streams
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Established operating
Control/recovery option Parameters to be monitored parameter(s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thermal incinerator................ Firebox temperature............................ Minimum temperature.
Catalytic incinerator.............. Temperature upstream and downstream of the Minimum upstream
catalyst bed. temperature; and minimum
temperature difference
across the catalyst bed.
Boiler or process heater........... Firebox temperature............................ Minimum temperature.
Scrubber for halogenated process pH of scrubber effluent; and scrubber liquid Minimum pH; and minimum
vents. and gas flow rates. liquid/gas ratio.
Absorber........................... Exit temperature of the absorbing liquid; and Minimum temperature; and
exit specific gravity of the absorbing liquid. minimum specific gravity.
Condenser.......................... Exit temperature............................... Maximum temperature.
Carbon adsorber.................... Total regeneration stream mass or volumetric Maximum mass or volumetric
flow during carbon bed regeneration cycle; and flow; and maximum
temperature of the carbon bed after temperature.
regeneration (and within 15 minutes of
completing any cooling cycle(s)).
Other devices (or as an alternate HAP concentration level or reading at outlet of Maximum HAP concentration
to the above) a. device. or reading.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
a Concentration is measured instead of an operating parameter.
[FR Doc. 97-22364 Filed 9-3-97; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
