2020-08539. Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders From the People's Republic of China: Initiation of Less-Than-Fair-Value Investigation

AGENCY:

Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.

DATES:

Applicable April 16, 2020.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Kate Sliney or Peter Zukowski, AD/CVD Operations, Office III, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: [phone] or [phone], respectively.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

The Petition

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) received an antidumping duty (AD) petition concerning imports of certain non-refillable steel cylinders (non-refillable cylinders) from the People's Republic of China (China), filed in proper form on behalf of Worthington Industries (the petitioner).^[1] The Petition was accompanied by a countervailing duty (CVD) petition concerning imports of non-refillable cylinders from China.

On March 31, 2020, Commerce requested supplemental information pertaining to certain aspects of the Petition,^[2] to which the petitioner filed its response on April 3, 2020.^[3] On April 7, 2020, Commerce held a phone call with the petitioner concerning the scope of the investigations.^[4]

In accordance with section 732(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), the petitioner alleges that imports of non-refillable cylinders from China are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value (LTFV) within the meaning of section 731 of the Act, and that such imports are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, the domestic industry producing non-refillable cylinders in the United States. Consistent with section 732(b)(1) of the Act, the Petition is accompanied by information reasonably available to the petitioner supporting its allegations.

Commerce finds that the petitioner filed the Petition on behalf of the domestic industry because the petitioner is an interested party as defined in section 771(9)(C) of the Act. Commerce also finds that the petitioner demonstrated sufficient industry support with respect to the initiation of the requested AD investigation.^[5]

Period of Investigation

Because China is a non-market economy (NME) country, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.204(b)(1), and because the Petition was filed on March 27, 2020, the period of investigation (POI) is July 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019.

Scope of the Investigation

The merchandise covered by this investigation is non-refillable cylinders from China. For a full description of the scope of this investigation, see the appendix to this notice.

Comments on Scope of the Investigation

During our review of the Petition, Commerce issued questions to, and received responses from, the petitioner pertaining to the proposed scope to ensure that the scope language in the Petition would be an accurate reflection of the products for which the domestic industry is seeking relief.^[6] Specifically, the petitioner's proposed scope included both unfilled/empty and filled cylinders. Filled cylinders are properly classified under the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) subheading for the contents of the cylinder, not the HTSUS subheading for the cylinder itself. This could create challenges related to administrability because: (1) There are many substances these cylinders can contain; (2) the cylinders could be filled in a third country before being exported to the United States, thereby complicating the identification of the country of origin for these cylinders; and (3) it could be difficult, without time-consuming physical examination, to determine whether filled cylinders are subject to duties. In addition, there are legal issues surrounding the inclusion of imports of filled cylinders given that such cylinders are non-refillable. For these reasons, Commerce is removing the following substantive provisions which were in the scope the petitioner provided:

. . . may be filled or . . .

Also excluded from the scope of this investigation are non-refillable steel cylinders filled at the time of importation whose content is subject to another antidumping and/or countervailing duty order. At the time of filing this petition, there are existing antidumping duty orders on Hydrofluorocarbon Blends from the People's Republic of China and 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (R-134A) from the People's Republic of China. See Hydrofluorocarbon Blends from the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order, 81 FR 55436 (August 19, 2016); 1,1,1,2 Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) from the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order, 82 FR 18422 (April 19, 2017). In the case of non-refillable steel cylinders entering the United States filled with merchandise covered by the scope of these investigations or future antidumping and/or countervailing duty orders covering the gas or material content of the non-refillable steel cylinders, such other orders control. In the case of non-refillable steel cylinders entering the United States filled with merchandise not covered by the scope of any other antidumping and/or countervailing duty order, the scope of this investigation controls.

Commerce has not adopted these provisions for purposes of initiation. We are interested, however, in further comment on this issue from parties to this proceeding.^[7] Consequently, Commerce is initiating this investigation with respect to unfilled non-refillable cylinders only, subject to further clarification, as warranted.

As discussed in the Preamble to Commerce's regulations, we are setting aside a period for interested parties to raise issues regarding product coverage (i.e., scope).^[8] Commerce will consider all comments received from interested parties and, if necessary, will consult with interested parties prior to the issuance of the preliminary determination. If scope comments include factual information,^[9] all such factual information should be limited to public information. To facilitate preparation of its questionnaires, Commerce requests that all interested parties submit scope comments by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) on May 6, 2020, which is 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice. Any rebuttal comments, which may include factual information, must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on May 18, 2020, which is 10 calendar days from the initial comment deadline.^[10]

Commerce requests that any factual information the parties consider relevant to the scope of the investigation be submitted during this time period. However, if a party subsequently finds that additional factual information pertaining to the scope of the investigation may be relevant, the party may contact Commerce and request permission to submit the additional information. All such comments must also be filed on the record of the concurrent CVD investigation.

Filing Requirements

All submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically using Enforcement and Compliance's (E&C's) Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS), unless an exception applies.^[11] An electronically filed document must be received successfully in its entirety by the time and date it is due.

Comments on Product Characteristics for AD Questionnaires

Commerce is providing interested parties an opportunity to comment on the appropriate physical characteristics of non-refillable cylinders to be reported in response to Commerce's AD questionnaire. This information will be used to identify the key physical characteristics of the subject merchandise in order to report the relevant factors of production (FOPs) accurately, as well as to develop appropriate product-comparison criteria.

Interested parties may provide any information or comments that they believe are relevant to the development of an accurate list of physical characteristics. In order to consider the suggestions of interested parties in developing and issuing the AD questionnaire, all comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on May 6, 2020, which is 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice. Any rebuttal comments, which may include factual information, must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on May 18, 2020, which is 10 calendar days from the initial comment deadline.^[12] All comments and submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically using ACCESS, as explained above, on the record of this AD investigation.

Determination of Industry Support for the Petition

Section 732(b)(1) of the Act requires that a petition be filed on behalf of the domestic industry. Section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act provides that a petition meets this requirement if the domestic producers or workers who support the petition account for: (i) At least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product; and (ii) more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the petition. Moreover, section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act provides that, if the petition does not establish support of domestic producers or workers accounting for more than 50 percent of the total production of the domestic like product, Commerce shall: (i) Poll the industry or rely on other information in order to determine if there is support for the petition, as required by subparagraph (A); or (ii) determine industry support using a statistically valid sampling method to poll the “industry.”

Section 771(4)(A) of the Act defines the “industry” as the producers as a whole of a domestic like product. Thus, to determine whether a petition has the requisite industry support, the statute directs Commerce to look to producers and workers who produce the domestic like product. The International Trade Commission (ITC), which is responsible for determining whether “the domestic industry” has been injured, must also determine what constitutes a domestic like product in order to define the industry. While both Commerce and the ITC must apply the same statutory definition regarding the domestic like product,^[13] they do so for different purposes and pursuant to a separate and distinct authority. In addition, Commerce's determination is subject to limitations of time and information. Although this may result in different definitions of the like product, such differences do not render the decision of either agency contrary to law.^[14]

Section 771(10) of the Act defines the domestic like product as “a product which is like, or in the absence of like, most similar in characteristics and uses with, the article subject to an investigation under this title.” Thus, the reference point from which the domestic like product analysis begins is “the article subject to an investigation” (i.e., the class or kind of merchandise to be investigated, which normally will be the scope as defined in the petition).

With regard to the domestic like product, the petitioner does not offer a definition of the domestic like product distinct from the scope of the investigation.^[15] Based on our analysis of the information submitted on the record, we have determined that non-refillable cylinders, as defined in the scope, constitute a single domestic like product, and we have analyzed industry support in terms of that domestic like product.^[16]

In determining whether the petitioner has standing under section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act, we considered the industry support data contained in the Petition with reference to the domestic like product as defined in the “Scope of the Investigation,” in the appendix to this notice. To establish industry support, the petitioner provided its own production of the domestic like product in 2019.^[17] The petitioner states that there are no other known producers of non-refillable cylinders in the United States; therefore, the Petition is supported by 100 percent of the U.S. industry.^[18] We relied on data provided by the petitioner for purposes of measuring industry support.^[19]

Our review of the data provided in the Petition, the General Issues Supplement, and other information readily available to Commerce indicates that the petitioner has established industry support for the Petition.^[20] First, the Petition established support from domestic producers (or workers) accounting for more than 50 percent of the total production of the domestic like product and, as such, Commerce is not required to take further action in order to evaluate industry support (e.g., polling).^[21] Second, the domestic producers (or workers) have met the statutory criteria for industry support under section 732(c)(4)(A)(i) of the Act because the domestic producers (or workers) who support the Petition account for at least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product.^[22] Finally, the domestic producers (or workers) have met the statutory criteria for industry support under section 732(c)(4)(A)(ii) of the Act because the domestic producers (or workers) who support the Petition account for more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the Petition.^[23] Accordingly, Commerce determines that the Petition was filed on behalf of the domestic industry within the meaning of section 732(b)(1) of the Act.^[24]

Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation

The petitioner alleges that the U.S. industry producing the domestic like product is being materially injured, or is threatened with material injury, by reason of the imports of the subject merchandise sold at LTFV. In addition, the petitioner alleges that subject imports exceed the negligibility threshold provided for under section 771(24)(A) of the Act.^[25]

The petitioner contends that the industry's injured condition is illustrated by a significant and increasing volume of subject imports; reduced market share; underselling and price depression or suppression; lost sales and revenues; decreased U.S. production and capacity utilization rates; and a decline in the domestic industry's financial performance and profitability.^[26] We have assessed the allegations and supporting evidence regarding material injury, threat of material injury, causation, as well as negligibility, and we have determined that these allegations are properly supported by adequate evidence, and meet the statutory requirements for initiation.^[27]

Allegations of Sales at Less Than Fair Value

The following is a description of the allegation of sales at LTFV upon which Commerce based its decision to initiate an AD investigation of non-refillable cylinders from China. The sources of data for the deductions and adjustments relating to U.S. price and normal value (NV) are discussed in greater detail in the AD Initiation Checklist.

Export Price

The petitioner based export price (EP) on sales offers to customers in the United States for the sale of non-refillable cylinders produced in and exported from China.^[28] In order to calculate ex-factory U.S. prices, where appropriate, the petitioner made deductions from U.S. prices for foreign inland freight, foreign brokerage and handling, international freight and insurance, U.S. entry fees, U.S. brokerage and handling, U.S. inland freight, and unrebated value added tax expenses.^[29]

Normal Value

Commerce considers China to be an NME country.^[30] In accordance with section 771(18)(C)(i) of the Act, any determination that a foreign country is an NME country shall remain in effect until revoked by Commerce. Therefore, we continue to treat China as an NME country for purposes of the initiation of this investigation. Accordingly, NV in China is appropriately based on FOPs valued in a surrogate market economy country, in accordance with section 773(c) of the Act.^[31]

The petitioner claims that Mexico is an appropriate surrogate country for China, because it is a market economy country that is at a level of economic development comparable to that of China and it is a significant producer of comparable merchandise.^[32] The petitioner valued direct material inputs, packing materials, natural gas, and argon by using data from the Global Trade Atlas; data from the National Water Commission of Mexico to value water usage; the electricity rate for businesses in Mexico, as reported by the World Bank's Doing Business 2020: Mexico; and data from the National Institute of Statistics, Geography, and Informatics Labor Organization, an agency of the Mexican government, to value labor.^[33] Based on the information provided by the petitioner, we determine that it is appropriate to use Mexico as a surrogate country for purposes of initiation.^[34]

Interested parties will have the opportunity to submit comments regarding surrogate country selection and, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.301(c)(3)(i), will be provided an opportunity to submit publicly available information to value FOPs, within 30 days before the scheduled date of the preliminary determination.

Factors of Production

Because information regarding the volume of inputs consumed by Chinese producers/exporters were not reasonably available, the petitioner relied on its own experience to estimate the factor usage rates for Chinese producers.^[35] The petitioner valued the estimated FOPs using surrogate values from Mexico.^[36] The petitioner calculated factory overhead, selling, general and administrative expenses, and profit based on the experience of a Mexican producer of comparable merchandise (i.e., a producer of auto parts, construction equipment, and home products).^[37]

Fair Value Comparisons

Based on the data provided in the Petition, there is reason to believe that imports of non-refillable cylinders from China are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. Based on comparisons of EP to NV, in accordance with sections 772 and 773 of the Act, the estimated dumping margin for non-refillable cylinders from China is 53.76 percent.^[38]

Initiation of LTFV Investigation

Based upon our examination of the Petition on non-refillable cylinders from China and supplemental responses, we find that the Petition meets the requirements of section 732 of the Act. Therefore, we are initiating an AD investigation to determine whether imports of non-refillable cylinders from China are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. In accordance with section 733(b)(1)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.205(b)(1), unless postponed, we will make our preliminary determination no later than 140 days after the date of this initiation.

Respondent Selection

The petitioner named 15 companies in China as producers/exporters of non-refillable cylinders.^[39] Commerce will issue quantity and value (Q&V) questionnaires to all 15 identified producers and exporters. In addition, Commerce will post the Q&V questionnaire along with filing instructions on E&C's website at http://www.trade.gov/​enforcement/​news.asp. In accordance with our standard practice for respondent selection in AD investigations involving NME countries, in the event we determine that respondent selection is warranted, we intend to base respondent selection on the responses to the Q&V questionnaires that we receive.

Producers/exporters of non-refillable cylinders from China that do not receive Q&V questionnaires by mail may still submit a response to the Q&V questionnaire and can obtain a copy from E&C's website, as provided above. Responses to the Q&V questionnaire must be submitted by the relevant Chinese producers/exporters no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on May 4, 2020. All Q&V responses must be filed electronically via ACCESS. An electronically filed document must be received successfully, in its entirety, by ACCESS no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on the deadline noted above. Commerce intends to finalize its decisions regarding respondent selection within 20 days of publication of this notice.

Separate Rates

In order to obtain separate-rate status in an NME investigation, producers/exporters must submit a separate-rate application.^[40] The specific requirements for submitting a separate-rate application in a China investigation are outlined in detail in the application itself, which is available on E&C's website at http://enforcement.trade.gov/​nme/​nme-sep-rate.html. The separate-rate application will be due 30 days after publication of this initiation notice.^[41] Producers/exporters who submit a separate-rate application and have been selected as mandatory respondents will be eligible for consideration for separate-rate status only if they respond to all parts of Commerce's AD questionnaire as mandatory respondents. Commerce requires that companies from China submit a response to both the Q&V questionnaire and the separate-rate application by the respective deadlines in order to receive consideration for separate-rate status. Companies not filing a timely Q&V questionnaire response will not receive separate rate consideration.

Use of Combination Rates

Commerce will calculate combination rates for certain respondents that are eligible for a separate rate in an NME investigation. The Separate Rates and Combination Rates Bulletin states:

{w}hile continuing the practice of assigning separate rates only to exporters, all separate rates that Commerce will now assign in its NME Investigation will be specific to those producers that supplied the exporter during the period of investigation. Note, however, that one rate is calculated for the exporter and all of the producers which supplied subject merchandise to it during the period of investigation. This practice applies both to mandatory respondents receiving an individually calculated separate rate as well as the pool of non-investigated firms receiving the weighted-average of the individually calculated rates. This practice is referred to as the application of “combination rates” because such rates apply to specific combinations of exporters and one or more producers. The cash-deposit rate assigned to an exporter will apply only to merchandise both exported by the firm in question and produced by a firm that supplied the exporter during the period of investigation.^[42]

Distribution of Copies of the Petition

In accordance with section 732(b)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.202(f), a copy of the public version of the Petition has been provided to the Government of China via ACCESS.

Furthermore, to the extent practicable, Commerce will attempt to provide a copy of the public version of the Petition to each exporter named in the Petition, as provided under 19 CFR 351.203(c)(2).

ITC Notification

Commerce will notify the ITC of its initiation, as required by section 732(d) of the Act.

Preliminary Determinations by the ITC

The ITC will preliminarily determine, within 45 days after the date on which the Petition was filed, whether there is a reasonable indication that imports of non-refillable cylinders from China are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, a U.S. industry.^[43] A negative ITC determination will result in the investigation being terminated.^[44] Otherwise, this investigation will proceed according to statutory and regulatory time limits.

Submission of Factual Information

Factual information is defined in 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) as: (i) Evidence submitted in response to questionnaires; (ii) evidence submitted in support of allegations; (iii) publicly available information to value factors under 19 CFR 351.408(c) or to measure the adequacy of remuneration under 19 CFR 351.511(a)(2); (iv) evidence placed on the record by Commerce; and (v) evidence other than factual information described in (i)-(iv). Any party, when submitting factual information, must specify under which subsection of 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) the information is being submitted ^[45] and, if the information is submitted to rebut, clarify, or correct factual information already on the record, to provide an explanation identifying the information already on the record that the factual information seeks to rebut, clarify, or correct.^[46] Time limits for the submission of factual information are addressed in 19 CFR 351.301, which provides specific time limits based on the type of factual information being submitted. Please review the regulations prior to submitting factual information in this investigation.

Extensions of Time Limits

Parties may request an extension of time limits before the expiration of a time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as otherwise specified by Commerce. In general, an extension request will be considered untimely if it is filed after the expiration of the time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301.^[47] For submissions that are due from multiple parties simultaneously, an extension request will be considered untimely if it is filed after 10:00 a.m. ET on the due date. Under certain circumstances, Commerce may elect to specify a different time limit by which extension requests will be considered untimely for submissions which are due from multiple parties simultaneously. In such a case, Commerce will inform parties in a letter or memorandum of the deadline (including a specified time) by which extension requests must be filed to be considered timely. An extension request must be made in a separate, standalone submission; under limited circumstances Commerce will grant untimely filed requests for the extension of time limits. Parties should review Extension of Time Limits; Final Rule, 78 FR 57790 (September 20, 2013), available at http://www.gpo.gov/​fdsys/​pkg/​FR-2013-09-20/​html/​2013-22853.htm,, prior to submitting extension requests or factual information in this investigation.

Certification Requirements

Any party submitting factual information in an AD or CVD proceeding must certify to the accuracy and completeness of that information.^[48] Parties must use the certification formats provided in 19 CFR 351.303(g).^[49] Commerce intends to reject factual submissions if the submitting party does not comply with the applicable certification requirements.

Notification to Interested Parties

Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under administrative protective order (APO) in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305. Instructions for filing such applications may be found on E&C's website at http://enforcement.trade.gov/​apo.

On January 22, 2008, Commerce published Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Documents Submission Procedures; APO Procedures, 73 FR 3634 (January 22, 2008). Parties wishing to participate in this investigation should ensure that they meet the requirements of these procedures (e.g., the filing of letters of appearance as discussed in 19 CFR 351.103(d)). Note that Commerce has temporarily modified certain of its requirements for serving documents containing business proprietary information, until May 19, 2020, unless extended.^[50]

This notice is issued and published pursuant to sections 732(c)(2) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.203(c).

Dated: April 16, 2020.

Jeffrey I. Kessler,

Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix

Scope of the Investigation

The merchandise covered by this investigation is certain seamed (welded or brazed), non-refillable steel cylinders meeting the requirements of, or produced to meet the requirements of, U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) Specification 39, TransportCanada Specification 39M, or United Nations pressure receptacle standard ISO 11118 and otherwise meeting the description provided below (non-refillable steel cylinders). The subject non-refillable steel cylinders are portable and range from 300-cubic inch (4.9 liter) water capacity to 1,526-cubic inch (25 liter) water capacity. Subject non-refillable steel cylinders may be imported with or without a valve and/or pressure release device and unfilled at the time of importation.

Specifically excluded are seamless non-refillable steel cylinders.

The merchandise subject to this investigation is properly classified under statistical reporting numbers 7311.00.0060 and 7311.00.0090 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). The merchandise may also enter under HTSUS statistical reporting numbers 7310.29.0025 and 7310.29.0050. Although the HTSUS statistical reporting numbers are provided for convenience and customs purposes, the written description of the merchandise is dispositive.

Footnotes

1.  See Petitioner's Letter, “Petition for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China,” dated March 27, 2020 (the Petition).

2.  See Commerce's Letter, “Petition for the Imposition of Antidumping Duties on imports of Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China: Supplemental Questions Concerning Volume II,” dated March 31, 2020; see also Commerce's Letter, “Petitions for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China: Supplemental Questions,” dated March 31, 2020 (Supplemental General Issues Questionnaire).

3.  See Petitioner's Letter, “Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China: Petitioner's Amendment to Volume II Relating to the People's Republic of China Antidumping Duties,” dated April 3, 2020 (AD Supplement); see also Petitioner's Letter, “Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China: Petitioner's Amendment to Volume I Relating to General and Injury Information,” dated April 3, 2020,” dated January 22, 2020 (General Issues Supplement).

4.  See Memorandum, “Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China—Petitions for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties: Phone Call Regarding Scope of the Petitions,” dated April 10, 2020 (Scope Phone Call Memo).

5.  See “Determination of Industry Support for the Petition” section, infra.

6.  See Supplemental General Issues Questionnaire and General Issues Supplement; see also Scope Phone Call Memo.

7.  Commerce is responsible for clarifying, where necessary, the scope of an order. See Diversified Products Corp. v. United States, 572 F. Supp. 883, 887 (CIT 1983).

8.  See Antidumping Duties; Countervailing Duties, 62 FR 27296, 27323 (May 19, 1997) (Preamble).

9.  See 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) (defining “factual information”).

10.  See 19 CFR 351.303(b).

11.  See Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Electronic Filing Procedures; Administrative Protective Order Procedures, 76 FR 39263 (July 6, 2011); see also Enforcement and Compliance; Change of Electronic Filing System Name, 79 FR 69046 (November 20, 2014) for details of Commerce's electronic filing requirements, effective August 5, 2011. Information on using ACCESS can be found at https://access.trade.gov/​help.aspx and a handbook can be found at https://access.trade.gov/​help/​Handbook_​on_​Electronic_​Filing_​Procedures.pdf.

12.  See 19 CFR 351.303(b).

13.  See section 771(10) of the Act.

14.  See USEC, Inc. v. United States, 132 F. Supp. 2d 1, 8 (CIT 2001) (citing Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd. v. United States, 688 F. Supp. 639, 644 (CIT 1988), aff'd 865 F. 2d 240 (Fed. Cir. 1989)).

15.  See Volume I of the Petition at 12-15; see also General Issues Supplement at 8.

16.  For a discussion of the domestic like product analysis as applied to this case and information regarding industry support, see Antidumping Duty Investigation Initiation Checklist: Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China (AD Initiation Checklist) at Attachment II, Analysis of Industry Support for the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Certain Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China (Attachment II), dated concurrently with this notice and on file electronically via ACCESS.

17.  See Volume I of the Petition at 2-3 and Exhibit GEN-2.

18.  Id.

19.  Id.

20.  See AD Initiation Checklist at Attachment II.

21.  See section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act; see also AD Initiation Checklist at Attachment II.

22.  See AD Initiation Checklist at Attachment II.

23.  Id.

24.  Id.

25.  See Volume I of the Petition, at 16-17.

26.  See Volume I of the Petition, at 17-26 and Exhibits GEN-8 and GEN-10 through GEN-13; see also GEN-SUPP-3 and GEN-SUPP-5.

27.  See AD Initiation Checklist, at Attachment III, Analysis of Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation for the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Non-Refillable Steel Cylinders from the People's Republic of China (Attachment III).

28.  See Volume II of the Petition at 3 and Exhibit AD-1; see also AD Supplement at Exhibit AD-SUPP-8.

29.  See Volume II of the Petition at 3-4 and Exhibit AD-1; see also AD Supplement at Exhibit AD- SUPP-8.

30.  See Antidumping Duty Investigation of Certain Aluminum Foil from the People's Republic of China: Affirmative Preliminary Determination of Sales at Less-Than-Fair Value and Postponement of Final Determination, 82 FR 50858, 50861 (November 2, 2017), and accompanying Preliminary Decision Memorandum at “China's Status as a Non-Market Economy,” unchanged in Certain Aluminum Foil from the People's Republic of China: Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value, 83 FR 9282 (March 5, 2018).

31.  See AD Initiation Checklist.

32.  See Volume II of the Petition at 4-7 and Exhibit AD-3.

33.  Id.; see also AD Supplement at Exhibit AD-SUPP-8.

34.  See AD Initiation Checklist.

35.  See Volume II of the Petition at 6.

36.  Id. at 6-7 and Exhibit AD-3.

37.  See Volume II of the Petition at 7 Exhibit AD-3 Attachment 9; see also AD Supplement at 5-7 and Exhibits AD-SUPP-5 to AD-SUPP-8.

38.  See AD supplement at Exhibit AD-SUPP-8; see also AD Initiation Checklist.

39.  See Volume I of the Petition at Exhibit GEN-7.

40.  See Policy Bulletin 05.1: Separate-Rates Practice and Application of Combination Rates in Antidumping Investigation involving Non-Market Economy Countries (April 5, 2005), available at http://enforcement.trade.gov/​policy/​bull05-1.pdf (Policy Bulletin 05.1).

41.  Although in past investigations this deadline was 60 days, consistent with 19 CFR 351.301(a), which states that “the Secretary may request any person to submit factual information at any time during a proceeding,” this deadline is now 30 days.

42.  See Policy Bulletin 05.1 at 6 (emphasis added).

43.  See section 733(a) of the Act.

44.  Id.

45.  See 19 CFR 351.301(b).

46.  See 19 CFR 351.301(b)(2).

47.  See 19 CFR 351.302.

48.  See section 782(b) of the Act.

49.  See Certification of Factual Information to Import Administration During Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 78 FR 42678 (July 17, 2013) (Final Rule). Answers to frequently asked questions regarding the Final Rule are available at http://enforcement.trade.gov/​tlei/​notices/​factual_​info_​final_​rule_​FAQ_​07172013.pdf.

50.  See Temporary Rule Modifying AD/CVD Service Requirements Due to COVID-19, 85 FR 17006 (March 26, 2020).