98-27260. Consolidated Federal Air Rule (CAR): Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry  

  • [Federal Register Volume 63, Number 208 (Wednesday, October 28, 1998)]
    [Proposed Rules]
    [Pages 57748-57876]
    From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
    [FR Doc No: 98-27260]
    
    
    
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    _______________________________________________________________________
    
    Part II
    
    
    
    
    
    Environmental Protection Agency
    
    
    
    
    
    _______________________________________________________________________
    
    
    
    40 CFR Parts 60, 61, 63, and 65
    
    
    
    Consolidated Federal Air Rule (CAR): Synthetic Organic Chemical 
    Manufacturing Industry; Proposed Rule
    
    Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 208 / Wednesday, October 28, 1998 / 
    Proposed Rules
    
    [[Page 57748]]
    
    
    
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
    
    40 CFR Parts 60, 61, 63, and 65
    
    [AD-FRL-6173-4]
    RIN 2060-AG28
    
    
    Consolidated Federal Air Rule (CAR): Synthetic Organic Chemical 
    Manufacturing Industry
    
    AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
    
    ACTION: Proposed rule and notice of public hearing.
    
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    SUMMARY: This action proposes a consolidated Federal air rule for the 
    Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). This 
    proposed rule consolidates major portions of the following new source 
    performance standards (NSPS) and national emission standards for 
    hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) applicable to storage vessels, 
    process vents, transfer operations, and equipment leaks within the 
    SOCMI: 40 CFR part 60, subparts A, Ka, Kb, VV, DDD, III, NNN, and RRR; 
    40 CFR part 61, subparts A, V, Y, and BB; and 40 CFR part 63, subparts 
    A, F, G, and H. The proposed rule is intended to pull together 
    applicable Federal SOCMI rules into one integrated set of rules in 
    order to simplify, clarify, and improve implementation of the existing 
    rules with which source owners or operators must comply. The 
    consolidated rule is an optional compliance alternative for SOCMI 
    sources; sources may simply continue to comply with existing applicable 
    rules or choose to comply with the proposed consolidated rule. The 
    effect of this consolidation will be to improve understandability, 
    reduce burden, clarify requirements, and improve implementation and 
    compliance.
    
    DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before January 11, 
    1999.
        Public Hearing. A public hearing will be held, if requested, to 
    provide interested persons an opportunity for oral presentation of 
    data, views, or arguments concerning the proposed SOCMI CAR. If anyone 
    contacts EPA requesting to speak at a public hearing by November 27, 
    1998, a public hearing will be held on December 14, 1998, beginning at 
    9:30 a.m. Persons interested in attending the hearing should notify 
    Yvonne Chandler, (919) 541-5627, to verify that a hearing will occur. 
    If a hearing is held, the docket will remain open for 30 days after the 
    hearing for the submission of rebuttal or supplementary information as 
    provided by section 307(d)(5) of the Clean Air Act (Act).
        Request to Speak at a Hearing. Persons wishing to present oral 
    testimony must contact Yvonne Chandler, Emission Standards Division 
    (MD-13), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 
    N.C., 27711, telephone number (919) 541-5627 by November 27, 1998.
    
    ADDRESSES: Comments. Comments should be submitted (in duplicate, if 
    possible) to: Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center (MC-
    6102), Attention, Docket No. A-96-01, U.S. Environmental Protection 
    Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC, 20460. The EPA requests that 
    a separate copy also be sent to the contact person listed below in the 
    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
        Comments on the proposal may also be submitted electronically by 
    sending electronic mail (e-mail) to: a-and-r-docket@epamail.epa.gov. 
    Electronic comments must be submitted as an ASCII file avoiding the use 
    of special characters and any form of encryption. Comments and data 
    will also be accepted on disks in WordPerfect 5.1 file format or ASCII 
    file format. All comments and data in electronic form must be 
    identified by the docket number (A-96-01). No Confidential Business 
    Information (CBI) should be submitted through electronic mail. 
    Electronic comments on this proposed rule may be filed online at many 
    Federal Depository Libraries.
        Docket. A docket, No. A-96-01, containing information considered by 
    EPA in development of the proposed standards for the CAR, is available 
    for public inspection between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m., Monday through 
    Friday except for Federal holidays at the following address: U.S. 
    Environmental Protection Agency, Air and Radiation Docket and 
    Information Center (MC-6102), 401 M Street SW, Washington, DC 20460 
    [phone: (202) 260-7548]. The docket is located at the above address in 
    Room M-1500, Waterside Mall (ground floor). A reasonable fee may be 
    charged for copying.
    
    FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Rick Colyer, Emission Standards 
    Division (MD-13), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research 
    Triangle Park, N.C., 27711, telephone number (919) 541-5262, fax number 
    (919) 541-0942, or e-mail: colyer.rick@epamail.epa.gov.
        Technology Transfer Network. The Technology Transfer Network (TTN) 
    is a network of EPA's electronic bulletin boards. The TTN provides 
    information and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution 
    control. The service is free except for the cost of a phone call. Dial 
    (919) 541-5472 for modems up to 14,400 bits per second (bps). The TTN 
    is also accessible through the Internet at ``http://
    ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov.'' If more information on the TTN is needed, call 
    the HELP line at (919) 541-5384.
    
    SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The following outline is provided to aid in 
    reading the preamble to the proposed SOCMI CAR.
    
    I. Regulated Entities and Background Information
        A. Regulated Entities
        B. Background Information
    II. Considerations in Rule Development
        A. Goals and Objectives
        B. Participation
    III. Summary of the CAR
        A. Scope
        B. Overview of the CAR
    IV. How the CAR Works and Its Structure
        A. How the CAR Works
        B. Structure of the CAR
    V. Amendments to the Referencing Subparts
        A. General Concepts
        B. Description of Amendments
    VI. Summary of the Proposed Rule and Significant Decisions in Rule 
    Consolidation
        A. Basis for the CAR (Optional Implementation)
        B. General Provisions
        C. Storage Vessel Provisions
        D. Process Vent Provisions
        E. Transfer Rack Provisions
        F. Equipment Leak Provisions
        G. Closed-Vent Systems, Control Devices, and Routing to a Fuel 
    Gas System or a Process
        H. Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting
    VII. Delegation of the CAR to State Authorities
        A. Approval of the CAR as an Alternative Compliance Approach
        B. Policy on Delegation of the CAR
    VIII. Incorporating CAR Requirements into the Title V Permit
    IX. Extension of the Consolidation to Include the State 
    Implementation Plan
        A. Pre-Approval of the CAR as Meeting the Clean Air Act 
    Reasonably Available Control Technology Requirement
        B. EPA Approval of the CAR as an Alternative Compliance Measure 
    for the State Implementation Plan
        C. Expedited State Implementation Plan Approvals for 
    Incorporation of the CAR as a Reasonably Available Control 
    Technology Compliance Option
        D. Streamlining of Overlapping State Implementation Plan, New 
    Source Performance Standards, and National Emission Standard 
    Hazardous Air Pollutants Requirements in the Title V Permitting 
    Process
    X. Summary of Benefits and Other Impacts
    XI. Additional Amendments to Equipment Leak Referencing Subparts
        A. Closed-Vent Systems and Control Devices
    
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        B. Sampling Connection Systems
        C. Standards for Control Devices and Recovery Systems
        D. Safety Considerations
    XII. Solicitation of Specific Comments
    XIII. Administrative Requirements
        A. Public Hearing
        B. Docket
        C. Paperwork Reduction Act
        D. Executive Order 12866
        E. Regulatory Flexibility Act
        F. Unfunded Mandates
        G. Enhancing the Intergovernmental Partnership Under Executive 
    Order 12875
        H. Clean Air Act
        I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
        J. Executive Order 13045
        K. Executive Order 13084: Consultation and Coordination with 
    Indian Tribal Governments
    
    I. Regulated Entities and Background Information
    
    A. Regulated Entities
    
        The regulated category and entities potentially affected by this 
    action include:
    
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Category                  Examples of regulated entities
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Industry..........................  Synthetic organic chemical
                                         manufacturing industry units. For
                                         example, producers of benzene,
                                         toluene, or any other chemical
                                         listed in table 1 of 40 CFR part
                                         63, subpart F, and any other
                                         chemical manufacturing process unit
                                         identified in an applicable subpart
                                         that references the use of this
                                         part.
                                        Producers of polypropylene,
                                         polyethylene, polystyrene, or
                                         poly(ethylene terephthalate).
                                        Producers of vinyl chloride and
                                         polyvinyl chloride.
                                        Volatile organic compound storage
                                         vessels.
                                        Benzene storage vessels.
                                        Benzene transfer operations.
                                        Equipment (valves, pumps,
                                         connectors, etc.) in benzene
                                         service.
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather, to provide 
    a guide for entities likely to qualify to implement this action. This 
    table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware could 
    potentially qualify to implement this action. To determine whether your 
    facility will qualify to implement this action, you should carefully 
    examine the applicability criteria in 40 CFR part 60 subparts Ka, Kb, 
    VV, DDD, III, NNN, and RRR; 40 CFR part 61, subparts V, Y, and BB; and 
    40 CFR part 63, subparts F, G, and H. If you have questions regarding 
    the applicability of this action to a particular entity, consult the 
    person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
    
    B. Background Information
    
        Over the past 25 years, EPA has issued a series of Federal air 
    regulations, many of which affect the same plant site. As a result, 
    many facilities are now subject to multiple Federal rules applying to 
    different emission points. Each rule has its own emission control 
    requirements as well as monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 
    requirements. Although these rules were developed for different 
    purposes, under different statutory authorities, and apply to different 
    pollutants, they may impose many duplicative or near duplicative 
    requirements on a plant site, thus complicating implementation of and 
    compliance with these rules.
        On March 16, 1995 President Clinton and Vice President Gore 
    announced several initiatives aimed at reinventing environmental 
    regulation. One of those initiatives was to consolidate Federal air 
    rules, so that all Federal air rules for any single industry would be 
    incorporated into a single rule. This rule would consist of ``* * * one 
    set of emission limitations, monitoring, and recordkeeping and 
    reporting requirements.''
        The EPA selected the Federal air rules applying to the SOCMI for a 
    pilot project to study the feasibility and practical implications of 
    consolidating and streamlining existing rules, and to establish a 
    workable process for consolidation that can then be applied to other 
    consolidation efforts in the future. The SOCMI was selected as the 
    pilot because of the large number of similar Federal air regulations 
    that can apply at a single location. The SOCMI is subject to NSPS and 
    NESHAP under the Act, as well as to Resource Conservation and Recovery 
    Act (RCRA) air standards. The rules for a given type of emission point 
    require application of controls with similar control efficiencies and 
    include similar design, equipment, or operating standards. However, the 
    standards differ in their applicability and in some of their control, 
    monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements. Additionally, 
    both the SOCMI and State air pollution control agencies have expressed 
    great interest in consolidation of applicable Federal air requirements 
    to the extent possible for easier incorporation into title V operating 
    permits.
        For these reasons, EPA believes that consolidation of the 
    requirements of the various rules into one rule would greatly benefit 
    both the industry and government enforcement agencies. It is believed 
    that such consolidation would improve compliance and enforceability and 
    reduce resource needs.
    
    II. Considerations in Rule Development
    
    A. Goals and Objectives
    
        The following goals and objectives were established for developing 
    this proposed consolidation:
        (1) Reduce regulatory burden by consolidating and simplifying 
    requirements and eliminating duplicative requirements.
        (2) Facilitate implementation and compliance by making the 
    requirements easier to understand and incorporating streamlined 
    compliance approaches from the most recent rules.
        (3) Consolidate the present system of Federal air rules that apply 
    to SOCMI facilities into a single rule without compromising 
    environmental protection and enforceability by maintaining the same 
    applicability and the same or greater emission control levels as the 
    underlying rules.
        It is not EPA's intent to alter the applicability of the underlying 
    rules. Thus, only sources already subject to an underlying rule would 
    be affected by the CAR. Likewise, no source subject to an underlying 
    rule would become exempt under the CAR. In addition, regardless of 
    which eligible sources choose to comply with the CAR, implementation of 
    the CAR will not result in greater emissions. Rather, greater emission 
    reductions would be likely since all sources choosing to comply with 
    the CAR would be raised to the same level of control. It is anticipated 
    that, due to the burden reduction afforded by the CAR, sources will 
    choose to comply with the CAR despite potential increases in stringency 
    over some provisions in the underlying rules.
        As a basis for the consolidation effort, EPA recognized that 
    strategies and approaches to regulating specific types of emission 
    points, such as storage tanks or equipment leaks, have evolved and 
    improved over the 25 years of SOCMI rule development. For the most 
    part, the referencing subparts have not been substantially revised 
    since promulgation, other than administrative changes. In developing 
    the CAR, EPA has focused on provisions that reflect the most current 
    and effective approaches to emission control as well as the clearest 
    and most concise language. Burden reduction was also a major theme in 
    the consolidation process, and each provision was examined closely for 
    potential burden reduction. Particular scrutiny was given to provisions 
    dealing with monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting. Moreover,
    
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    reducing the number of applicable rules, in and of itself, is a source 
    of additional burden reduction. The EPA believes that creation of a 
    consolidated air rule around these goals and objectives will lead to 
    improved compliance and implementation for the SOCMI industry.
    
    B. Participation
    
        The EPA's strategy for consolidation included significant 
    participation by affected parties outside the Agency. The EPA 
    approached the Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA), which 
    represents the SOCMI, to discuss the concept of a consolidated SOCMI 
    rule and to contribute ideas for establishing such a rule. The CMA 
    readily supported the concept of consolidation and volunteered 
    resources to assist in the project. Air pollution agencies in States 
    where the majority of SOCMI facilities are located and national 
    environmental groups were also invited. Some States and environmental 
    groups declined direct involvement due to resource constraints and also 
    due to the fact that the applicability of the underlying rules would 
    not change, and the overall stringency of the underlying rules would 
    not be diminished.
        In addition, an extended group of other interested parties 
    consisting of representatives from industries with similar emissions 
    and emission points as the SOCMI, environmental groups, and State 
    agencies was kept informed through correspondence and meetings. This 
    extended group was briefed and asked to provide input periodically 
    during development of the proposed CAR. Industries and organizations 
    represented in this group would not necessarily be affected by the CAR 
    but are interested in the outcome to determine whether a similar 
    consolidation effort would be beneficial for their interests. This 
    group includes the following interested parties:
         State and Territorial Air Pollution Program 
    Administrators/Association of Local Air Pollution Control Officials 
    (STAPPA/ALAPCO) and other State air pollution agencies.
         Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association.
         Natural Resources Defense Council.
         American Petroleum Institute.
         Independent Liquid Terminals Association.
         National Petroleum Refiners Association.
         Society of Plastics Institute.
    
    No groups have been purposely excluded from the process, and comment on 
    this proposal is welcome from any interested party.
        The EPA convened meetings with affected parties on an as-needed 
    basis--roughly once every one to two months. At the earlier meetings, 
    goals, objectives, and basic principles of consolidation were 
    formulated. Subsequent meetings addressed technical issues, comparisons 
    of similar provisions, enforcement issues, and identification of burden 
    reduction opportunities. Ultimately, the work group provided well 
    balanced and informed input for EPA to develop a technically feasible 
    and enforceable consolidated rule.
    
    III. Summary of the CAR
    
        This section of the preamble provides a general overview of the 
    CAR. More detailed discussions and rationale for the CAR's provisions 
    are included in sections IV, V, and VI of this preamble.
    
    A. Scope
    
        One of the first decisions required for the consolidation effort 
    addressed which regulations would be consolidated. Many options were 
    considered, but EPA eventually decided to limit the scope of the pilot 
    SOCMI CAR to the Federal regulations listed in table 1. These are the 
    Federal Clean Air Act rules that affect the SOCMI and that are 
    consolidated in the CAR. The EPA determined that this scope was broad 
    enough to provide significant benefits, but well defined enough to 
    ensure a reasonable chance of success as a pilot project.
    
              Table 1.--Scope: Rules Consolidated in the SOCMI CAR
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    40 CFR part 60, subparts:
       A: General Provisions
       Ka: Petroleum Liquids Storage a
       Kb: Volatile Organic Liquid Storage a
       VV: SOCMI Equipment Leaks a
      DDD: Certain Polymers and Resins Process vents a
      III: SOCMI Air Oxidation Process Vents a
      NNN: SOCMI Distillation Process Vents a
      RRR: SOCMI Reactor Process Vents a
    40 CFR part 61, subparts:
       A: General Provisions
       V: Equipment Leaks (for benzene and vinyl chloride) a
       Y: Benzene Storage a
      BB: Benzene Transfer a
    40 CFR part 63, subparts:
      A: General Provisions
      F: SOCMI Applicability
      G: SOCMI Storage, Transfer, and Process Vents a
      H: SOCMI Equipment Leaksa
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    a These subparts contain proposed language that refers readers to the
      SOCMI CAR as an optional means of compliance. Thus, these subparts are
      referred to as ``referencing subparts.''
    
        Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry rules under other 
    authorities (for example, RCRA), proposed rules, and rules potentially 
    subject to significant changes (for example, wastewater hazardous 
    organic NESHAP) were not included in this pilot effort. The EPA's 
    intent was to keep the rule development process manageable in order to 
    develop a practical CAR in a reasonable amount of time. If the SOCMI 
    CAR is widely perceived as useful to industry and to enforcement 
    agencies, EPA will consider these other SOCMI rules for consolidation 
    at a later date.
        The EPA also considered the following rules for similar inclusion: 
    40 CFR part 60, subparts GGG for petroleum refinery equipment leaks and 
    KKK for onshore natural gas processing equipment leaks, and 40 CFR part 
    63, subpart I for certain processes subject to the negotiated 
    regulation for equipment leaks. Although these rules do refer subject 
    sources to the CAR's referencing subparts, they do not cover SOCMI 
    sources. Therefore, EPA decided not to allow sources subject to these 
    rules to comply with the CAR. This decision reflects EPA's decision to 
    limit the coverage of the CAR to better assess the effects, 
    enforcement, and implementation of the consolidation.
        The vast majority of facilities affected by the rules in table 1 
    are SOCMI facilities; but some rules also affect non-SOCMI sources. For 
    example, 40 CFR part 60, subparts Ka and Kb apply to storage vessels 
    within SOCMI process units as well as those in non-SOCMI applications 
    such as refineries and bulk storage facilities. Subpart DDD of 40 CFR 
    part 60 (for certain polymers and resins production process vents) was 
    included in the consolidation because these production units are often 
    located at the same facilities as SOCMI units. The process vents for 
    these production units are often shared, and the control methods and 
    requirements are virtually identical. The consolidated part 61 subparts 
    for equipment leaks and for benzene storage and transfer also apply to 
    both SOCMI and non-SOCMI facilities. The consolidated part 63 rules 
    apply solely to SOCMI facilities. The CAR is designed primarily for 
    SOCMI processes, although co-located non-SOCMI sources might also take 
    advantage of the CAR under certain circumstances. Section III of this 
    preamble includes further discussion of which sources may choose to 
    comply with the CAR.
        The EPA is also proposing consolidated general provisions for the 
    CAR by combining applicable requirements from the 40 CFR parts 60,
    
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    61, and 63 general provisions. These consolidated general provisions 
    would become applicable once a source becomes subject to the CAR. 
    General provisions are included in the consolidation so that the CAR 
    will contain all relevant provisions, with certain noted exceptions, 
    for sources complying with the CAR.
    
    B. Overview of the CAR
    
        The CAR is being proposed as a new part, 40 CFR part 65, since the 
    rules being consolidated are located across three different parts of 40 
    CFR (parts 60, 61, and 63). The proposed CAR comprises subparts A 
    through G of part 65. Part 65 will contain any future consolidated 
    Federal air rules, as well.
        The CAR is proposed as an optional compliance method for sources 
    that are subject to one of the referencing subparts. The term 
    ``referencing subpart(s)'' is used throughout 40 CFR part 65 and refers 
    to the SOCMI regulations subject to the footnote in table 1. The CAR is 
    designed to include all or most of the applicable provisions for a 
    source that chooses to use the CAR as a compliance method. Sources that 
    are not eligible or that choose not to comply with the CAR will 
    continue to comply with the applicable referencing subparts with no 
    change in compliance requirements.
        Compliance with the CAR is allowed on a SOCMI CAR unit (SCU) basis. 
    An SCU is analogous to the types of process units defined in the 
    referencing subparts, and was developed specifically to describe the 
    collection of equipment and emission points that are eligible to choose 
    the CAR as a compliance method. The term ``SOCMI CAR unit'' is defined 
    in the proposed part 65 general provisions (Subpart A) and is further 
    described in section IV. A of this preamble. Under certain conditions, 
    emission points that are not part of an SCU, but are subject to one of 
    the referencing subparts, may also choose to comply with the CAR. These 
    conditions are further described in section IV.A.
    Applicability
        The CAR does not alter applicability for any source. Sources may 
    choose to comply with the CAR only when they are sources subject to a 
    referencing subpart and specifically referred to the CAR by that 
    subpart. Conversely, emission points or equipment that are not subject 
    to any referencing subparts can not become subject through any 
    provision in the CAR.
        Along with the proposed CAR, today's notice proposes changes to the 
    referencing subparts. These proposed changes add ``pointers'' to the 
    CAR in each referencing subpart. The pointers are additions to the 
    applicability sections that specify which sources may take advantage of 
    the CAR and which subparts of part 65 would apply to each type of 
    emission point.
        New sources that become subject to a referencing subpart will 
    consult the applicability provisions of that referencing subpart to 
    determine eligibility to comply with the CAR. If a new source is part 
    of an SCU that is implementing the CAR, the new source must also 
    implement the CAR, or the entire SCU (existing and new components) must 
    opt not to implement the CAR and comply with the applicable referencing 
    subpart(s) instead. Further discussion of SCUs and options for choosing 
    to comply with the CAR is presented in section IV.A of this preamble.
    Subparts of the CAR
        Figure 1 illustrates the structure of the CAR subparts. Subpart A 
    contains the CAR's general provisions, which apply to all sources 
    complying with the CAR. The general provisions cover applicability and 
    definitions; the general requirements for compliance, performance 
    tests, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting; administrative 
    subjects. Note that some general requirements pertaining to Continuous 
    Parameter Monitoring Systems (CPMS) are located in subpart G of the 
    CAR.
    
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        Each of subparts C through F outlines the compliance options for a 
    particular type of emission point. (Subpart B is reserved.)
         Subpart C--storage vessels,
         Subpart D--process vents,
         Subpart E--transfer racks, and
         Subpart F--equipment leaks.
    
    Subparts C through F also contain the emission control requirements for 
    some of these compliance options, and the associated compliance, 
    monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements specific to those 
    control options. However, if an owner or operator chooses to comply by 
    either (1) a closed-vent system and add-on control device, or (2) 
    routing to a fuel gas system or to a process as a compliance option, 
    the source is further referred to subpart G. Subpart G contains the 
    emission control requirements for closed-vent systems, control devices, 
    and routing to a fuel gas system or process, including the associated 
    testing, monitoring, data handling, reporting and recordkeeping 
    requirements, and general requirements related to CPMS.
    
    IV. How the CAR Works and Its Structure
    
        The CAR is an optional compliance method for sources subject to the 
    referencing subparts listed in table 1 of this preamble. The CAR is 
    designed so that, once an owner or operator has chosen to comply with 
    the CAR for a particular source, most of the relevant provisions for 
    that source are contained in part 65. Compliance with the CAR is 
    allowed for the collection of equipment that meets the definition of an 
    SCU. In addition, sources that are not part of an SCU may also choose 
    to comply with the CAR if they are (1) subject to one of the 
    referencing subparts, and (2) located at the same plant site with an 
    SCU that is complying with the CAR. Therefore, an owner or operator of 
    a SOCMI facility may choose to comply with the CAR for all or some of 
    the regulated sources subject to the referencing subparts at the 
    facility.
        This section of the preamble describes who can use the CAR, what 
    part of a facility can comply with the CAR, and how the parts of the 
    facility that can comply with the CAR are delineated. The rationale for 
    these decisions is also explained.
    
    A. How the CAR Works
    
        Figures 2a and 2b present a thought process that might typically be 
    used by an owner or operator when determining whether the CAR is right 
    for their facility. This section of the preamble steps through these 
    figures and each of their decision points. In doing so, how the CAR 
    works and the rationale behind the CAR and it's facets are described.
    
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    What Is SOCMI?
        As shown in figures 2a and 2b, once an owner or operator decides 
    that the CAR may be of interest (i.e., they are subject to some 
    referencing subparts and are wondering what the next step is), the 
    first consideration would be whether or not the facility is a SOCMI 
    facility. As discussed previously, the CAR only applies to SOCMI 
    facilities. In the CAR, a SOCMI facility is considered any facility 
    that is subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart III, NNN, or RRR or the HON; 
    or a facility that would have been subject to subpart III, NNN, or RRR 
    had construction of the regulated source commenced after the 
    applicability date of one of these rules.
        In determining what should constitute a SOCMI facility in the CAR, 
    EPA decided that a SOCMI facility should be any facility that considers 
    itself part of that industry. The EPA reasoned that a facility would 
    consider itself a SOCMI facility if it was subject to any of the SOCMI 
    rules. The SOCMI rules are: 40 CFR part 60, subparts III, NNN, RRR, and 
    VV (the NSPS), and 40 CFR part 63, subparts G and H [the Hazardous 
    Organic NESHAP (HON)]. Defining a SOCMI facility as any facility that 
    is subject to one of these rules is a simple matter. However, EPA also 
    reasoned that some facilities may not have triggered a SOCMI NSPS or 
    the HON but would consider themselves SOCMI because of the chemicals 
    they produce. For example, crotonic acid is a chemical that is 
    regulated as part of the SOCMI under 40 CFR part 60, subparts VV, III, 
    and NNN, but not regulated as part of the SOCMI under the HON. Thus, a 
    facility producing crotonic acid may not trigger the NSPS rules, but 
    still would consider itself part of the SOCMI because it produces a 
    SOCMI chemical. Therefore, EPA also considered facilities to be SOCMI 
    facilities if they could trigger a SOCMI NSPS with a modification or 
    reconstruction. The EPA considered this a reasonable decision since 
    many non-SOCMI facilities could easily make a change that would trigger 
    a SOCMI NSPS. The EPA decided that this concept would best be 
    represented in the SOCMI definition based upon the construction date of 
    the facility. This concept is handled in the definition with the 
    following phrase: ``* * * if construction of the regulated source had 
    commenced after the applicability date of the SOCMI NSPS.''
    What Is a SOCMI CAR Unit?
        The basic unit for determining CAR applicability is the SCU. This 
    new term is needed in order to clearly designate and describe the 
    particular combination of emission points that are eligible to comply 
    with the CAR. The definition of SCU is modeled after the definition of 
    ``chemical manufacturing process unit (CMPU)'' in the HON. The proposed 
    CAR defines an SCU as the equipment assembled and connected by pipes or 
    ducts to process raw materials and to manufacture an intended product. 
    The definition goes on to explain that the basic component of an SCU 
    is:
         A process vent subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart III, 
    NNN, or RRR (the referencing subparts that are NSPS for SOCMI process 
    vents); or
         Equipment subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV (the 
    referencing subpart that is the NSPS for SOCMI equipment leaks);
         A CMPU that is subject to the SOCMI HON.
    
    Without at least one of these basic components, there is no SCU. The 
    SCU also includes storage vessels, transfer operations, and equipment 
    leak emission points that are associated with an SCU and are also 
    subject to a referencing subpart. The EPA reasoned that in making the 
    CAR optional and thereby providing more flexibility to industry, they 
    might increase the complexity of implementing the CAR for regulatory 
    authorities. This is because inspectors would have to know all of the 
    referencing subparts and the CAR, and also understand which rule the 
    facility had chosen to comply with for each emission point. To offset 
    this potential increase in complexity, EPA decided that facilities 
    would have the option to comply with the CAR, but must do so at least 
    on a process unit basis so as to include a significant portion of the 
    facility.
        A process unit is a small enough collection of emission points and 
    equipment to provide operational flexibility to the facility, but is a 
    large enough collection to avoid confusion and undue burden for 
    regulatory authorities. Furthermore, SOCMI facilities are typically 
    managed on a process unit basis. Therefore, identifying process units 
    and complying with the same monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 
    requirements by process unit would be consistent with existing 
    management activities. However, since the term ``process unit'' has 
    many different meanings and connotations across the referencing 
    subparts, EPA decided it would be better to define a new term for the 
    CAR--SCU was chosen.
    Assigning Equipment to a SOCMI CAR Unit
        All storage vessels, process vents, or transfer racks connected to 
    or operating with an SCU are not necessarily part of that SCU. Whether 
    or not particular emission points or equipment are part of an SCU is 
    determined by the assignment procedures prescribed in the proposed CAR 
    general provisions. Assignment procedures are prescribed for emission 
    points that are commonly shared between SCUs; these include storage 
    vessels, transfer racks, and distillation columns which have process 
    vents. In general, these assignment procedures follow common sense 
    decisions as to the primary purpose of the equipment. For example, if a 
    storage tank is dedicated to an SCU, then it is clearly part of that 
    SCU. Similarly, if the storage vessel is shared among SCUs and other 
    process units, its predominant use determines its assignment. The 
    assignment procedures are used to draw the SCU boundary lines at the 
    plant site. They are modeled after the assignment procedures in the 
    HON.
        An additional HON provision included in the CAR provides 
    flexibility for equipment leak sources. If items of equipment (for 
    example, pumps, valves, connectors) that are assigned to a particular 
    SCU are managed by different administrative organizations from the rest 
    of the SCU, those items of equipment may be reassigned to a similarly 
    administered SCU.
        Many existing NESHAP also contain assignment procedures for 
    determining applicability on a process unit basis. Under the CAR, 
    therefore, for SCUs that are also one of the following types of process 
    units, the boundary or defined limit of the SCU defaults to that 
    established for the following types of process units:
         CMPU as defined in the HON,
         Elastomer product process unit (EPPU) as defined in 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart U;
         Thermoplastic product process unit (TPPU) as defined in 40 
    CFR part 63, subpart JJJ;
         Petroleum refinery product process unit (PRPU) as defined 
    in 40 CFR part 63, subpart CC.
    
    Transfer operations will still need to be assigned to EPPUs, TPPUs, and 
    PRPUs using the CAR's assignment procedures, since the rules in which 
    these process units are defined do not include procedures for assigning 
    transfer operations to process units.
        A CMPU that is subject to the HON is, by definition, an SCU. The 
    other types of process units noted above (EPPU, TPPU, and PRPU) would 
    be an SCU only if they include a process vent or equipment that is 
    subject to one of the SOCMI NSPS referencing subparts (i.e., 40 CFR 
    part 60, subpart III, NNN,
    
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    RRR, or VV), or that would have been subject to one of these 
    referencing subparts had construction begun after the SOCMI NSPS 
    subparts' respective applicability dates.
    Opting To Comply With the CAR
        As shown on figures 2a and 2b, once the facility determines the SCU 
    boundaries, the next consideration is whether or not compliance with 
    the CAR is desirable for any part of the SCU. In making this decision, 
    the facility must keep in mind that compliance with the CAR is allowed 
    an SCU basis only. Therefore, if the facility operator decides that 
    complying with the CAR would be beneficial for any part of the SCU (for 
    example, the storage vessels), either all regulated sources of the SCU 
    must comply with the CAR, or all must regulated sources continue to 
    comply with their respective applicable referencing subpart. Within an 
    SCU, owners or operators may not choose to comply with the CAR for some 
    emission points while continuing to comply with the referencing 
    subparts for other emission points. Furthermore, if a facility operator 
    has chosen to comply with the CAR for a particular SCU, then all 
    existing and new regulated sources that are subject to referencing 
    subparts must comply with the CAR. This includes any future additions 
    to the SCU or any changes that trigger new source requirements.
        In some circumstances, the CAR can apply to non-SOCMI emission 
    points or equipment. The proposed CAR allows non-SOCMI emission points 
    that are (1) subject to one of the referencing subparts, and (2) 
    located at a plant site with an SCU that is complying with the CAR to 
    also comply with the CAR. For example, a petrochemical plant containing 
    one or more SCUs would also include a number of non-SOCMI emission 
    points, such as petroleum or petroleum products storage vessels, or 
    non-SOCMI benzene transfer racks. These non-SOCMI emission points would 
    be subject to the same rules being consolidated for the SOCMI industry, 
    such as 40 CFR part 60, subparts Ka, Kb, or Y, and 40 CFR part 61, 
    subparts BB and V. Therefore, the source operator would be allowed to 
    apply the CAR to any or all such affected non-SOCMI emission points, 
    thus consolidating and simplifying an otherwise complex monitoring, 
    recordkeeping, and reporting management system.
        The EPA wants to ensure that, if a facility chooses to implement 
    the CAR, a significant portion of the facility is included. The EPA 
    intends to encourage the use of the CAR but without causing confusion 
    concerning applicability. By requiring, at a minimum, an entire SCU to 
    implement the CAR before non-SOCMI points can opt in, a reasonable 
    balance is established to allow non-SOCMI points into the CAR. The EPA 
    decided that, if a facility has made the decision to use the CAR, it 
    should have the additional benefit of using the CAR for other emission 
    points or equipment at the facility that are subject to a referencing 
    subpart. This is a logical decision since control equipment and closed-
    vent systems often are shared among emission points or across SCU 
    boundaries. In addition, EPA reasoned that this decision would 
    facilitate implementation, because if more emission points are 
    complying with the CAR at a facility, then fewer regulations will apply 
    to the site, and fewer differences will exist in compliance, and 
    recordkeeping and reporting methods used at the site.
        Furthermore, since this rule has been developed solely for the 
    SOCMI, to allow compliance for individual emission points with no SOCMI 
    sources at the same site would both complicate enforcement and make the 
    success of the consolidation effort more difficult to assess.
        The general provisions of the CAR also allow a facility to cease to 
    implement the CAR. In such cases, the regulated source becomes subject 
    to the applicable referencing subparts. These procedures will be 
    further discussed in section VI.B.
    
    B. Structure of the CAR
    
        Because the CAR would consolidate existing regulations from 40 CFR 
    parts 60, 61, and 63, a new part 65 was created to contain the 
    consolidated rule. Part 65 will contain the SOCMI CAR, as well as any 
    future rule that consolidates Federal air rules for other industries.
        The CAR has been developed as a set of subparts containing all the 
    required elements relevant to a source owner or operator who chooses to 
    comply with the CAR. Each subpart applies to a specific type of 
    emission point or aspect of regulation. The general provisions (subpart 
    A) address the administrative aspects of the regulation (for example, 
    where to send reports, timing of periodic reports, definitions, how to 
    request an alternative means of emission limitation), and those 
    provisions which are widely applicable to all sources (for example, 
    prohibitions and operation and maintenance requirements). Subpart C 
    (storage tanks), subpart D (process vents), subpart E (transfer 
    operations), and subpart F (equipment leaks) contain the compliance 
    options and all the specific requirements for each of those types of 
    emission points.
        Subpart G contains all the provisions on closed-vent systems and 
    control devices, including testing, monitoring, data handling, 
    reporting and recordkeeping, and CPMS provisions. This was created as a 
    stand alone subpart because provisions in each of the referencing 
    subparts for closed-vent systems and control devices are very similar. 
    By consolidating all of these provisions, much overlap, duplication, 
    and minor changes in monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting will be 
    eliminated, and the requirements will be standardized.
        Much consideration was given to the structure of the CAR. The EPA 
    assessed the pros and cons of numerous options, but concluded the most 
    workable approach is a modular CAR. This modular approach is designed 
    such that once a source operator decides to comply with the CAR, all or 
    most applicable provisions would be contained in the CAR. The source 
    operator would not need to refer to the referencing subpart after 
    applicability is established, unless specifically directed to do so in 
    the CAR. For example, a process vent subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    NNN (distillation NSPS) would be referred to subpart D of the CAR for 
    applicable process vent requirements. If controls are required, the 
    source would subsequently be referred to the CAR subpart G for closed-
    vent systems and control devices, and would not need to refer further 
    to subpart D. Subpart G, for closed-vent systems and control devices, 
    contains all the provisions needed to comply if a vent is routed to a 
    control device. As noted in section VI.B of this preamble, sources 
    complying with the CAR are subject to the CAR's general provisions 
    (subpart A) and also to a few clearly noted provisions in the general 
    provisions to the referencing subparts.
        The CAR is also structured within each of the subparts to 
    facilitate function and ease of use. The proposed CAR has been written 
    with a more ``user-friendly'' approach, and the subparts more clearly 
    delineate the requirements that would apply to each plant function. For 
    example, the proposed storage vessel provisions contain distinct 
    requirements for design, operation, inspection, and repair for each 
    kind of storage vessel. This is intended to simplify tasks for the 
    design group or the inspection group at the plant, and to avoid each 
    group having to search the entire regulation for relevant requirements. 
    The CAR's structure facilitates the consolidation of all recordkeeping 
    and reporting activities into one system. Chemical plants subject to 
    numerous NSPS and
    
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    NESHAP could combine multiple environmental management systems tracking 
    multiple regulations into a single, simplified compliance effort.
    
    V. Amendments to the Referencing Subparts
    
        Along with the proposed CAR, today's notice also proposes changes 
    to the referencing subparts. The proposed changes add ``pointers'' in 
    the applicability sections of each referencing subpart. (The 
    referencing subparts are indicated in table 1.) The pointers specify 
    which regulated sources may take advantage of the CAR and which 
    subparts of 40 CFR part 65 apply to each type of emission point. This 
    section of the preamble outlines the amendments to the referencing 
    subparts and how EPA implemented the decisions regarding the CAR in the 
    referencing subparts.
    
    A. General Concepts
    
        The CAR uses the term ``regulated source'' to refer to whatever 
    collection of equipment at a stationary source is regulated by a 
    referencing subpart. For example, for 40 CFR part 60, subpart III, the 
    regulated source is a process vent from an air oxidation unit; and for 
    40 CFR part 60, subpart VV, the regulated source is defined as 
    equipment components at a process unit. The term ``regulated source'' 
    is defined in the proposed CAR and is used throughout the CAR to refer 
    to all of the equipment and emission points that are regulated by the 
    applicable referencing subparts at a plant site. The term is used 
    throughout this preamble in the same way.
        The CAR does not alter applicability for any regulated source. In 
    order not to alter the applicability of the referencing subparts, the 
    pointer paragraphs are placed after the applicability paragraphs of the 
    referencing subpart. Language such as ``storage vessels subject to this 
    subpart'' is used in the pointer paragraphs to emphasize that only the 
    emission points that are subject to the referencing subparts are 
    eligible to comply with the CAR.
        It is important to note that this is also true for equipment 
    subject to the equipment leak rules. The HON rule covers more equipment 
    types (for example, agitators) than 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 
    CFR part 61, subpart V. It is EPA's intention that facilities choosing 
    to comply with the CAR in place of 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV or 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V, but which are not subject to the HON, would comply 
    with the CAR only for the equipment types subject to the applicable 
    parts 60 and 61 rules. For example, the CAR's provisions for additional 
    equipment types covered by the HON (for example, agitators) would not 
    apply to sources referenced to the CAR from 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV 
    only. This concept prevents equipment that was not subject to 
    requirements under a referencing subpart from becoming subject to those 
    requirements solely due to CAR implementation.
        Except for process vents, EPA decided to provide the CAR as a means 
    of compliance only for emission points where emission reduction is 
    required by the referencing subparts. The requirements for emission 
    points where emission reduction is not required vary widely and are 
    usually associated with establishing the applicability of the 
    referencing subpart; examples of these requirements include records of 
    vapor pressure for stored liquids, or records of the type of liquid 
    transferred. These records are kept to show that any changes made have 
    not caused an emission point to become subject to emission reduction. 
    Therefore, with the exception of process vents as discussed below, only 
    emission points subject to emission reduction under a referencing 
    subpart are eligible to comply with the CAR. In addition, all efforts 
    were made to not cross reference back and forth from the CAR to the 
    referencing subparts; cross referencing would have been necessary to 
    consolidate the requirements for emission points not subject to 
    emission reduction.
        An exception was made for process vents, however; all process vents 
    subject to a referencing subpart can use the CAR to comply. This 
    decision was made because in the process vent rules, the applicability 
    cutoffs that determine whether emission reduction is required are very 
    similar. The CAR incorporates the total resource effectiveness (TRE) 
    index value calculation and other parameters used to determine whether 
    a process vent must be controlled, monitored, or neither.
    
    B. Description of Amendments
    
        The main pointer paragraph in each referencing subpart specifies 
    that an owner or operator may choose to comply with the CAR for all of 
    the emission points that are part of an SCU and that require control 
    under that subpart. Each main pointer paragraph specifies which 
    requirements of the referencing subpart are satisfied by the CAR. The 
    pointer refers to the applicability criteria so that only emission 
    points subject to emission reduction are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR, except for the process vent referencing subparts, as discussed 
    above. The pointer paragraph also specifies the applicable subpart of 
    the CAR. For example, a referencing subpart applicable to storage 
    vessels would specify that 40 CFR part 65, subpart C can be used to 
    comply.
        In 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, the language clearly states that 
    railcars and tank truck loading racks are eligible to use the CAR for 
    compliance, but marine vessel loading racks are not eligible. The EPA 
    decided not to include marine vessel loading in the CAR, because, at 
    the time the scope of the CAR was determined, standards for marine 
    vessels were not finalized. (Since the CAR scope was set, National 
    Emission Standards for Marine Tank Vessel Loading Operations, 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart Y, were finalized.) Also, the rules for marine vessel 
    loading racks are different enough from railcar and tank truck loading 
    that it was not possible to consolidate these requirements with the 
    railcar and tank truck requirements.
        Also proposed in most of the referencing subparts is a new 
    paragraph labeled ``Alternative means of compliance--affected source 
    basis.'' This provision specifies that an owner or operator may choose 
    to comply with the CAR for emission points subject to emission 
    reduction under the given referencing subparts that are not part of an 
    SCU but are located at the same plant site as an SCU that is complying 
    with the CAR; these are non-SOCMI emission points covered by a 
    referencing subpart. This paragraph is not necessary for the 
    referencing subparts that apply solely to the SOCMI (40 CFR part 63, 
    subparts G and H, 40 CFR part 60, subparts III, NNN, RRR, and VV) 
    because sources subject to one of these rules are, by definition, 
    always a part of an SCU.
        It should be noted that the proposed amendments to 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart V specify that if an owner or operator chooses to have 
    equipment at a process unit comply with the CAR for a process unit that 
    is not in a SCU but that is located at the same plant site as an SCU 
    complying with the CAR, then all of the equipment within that unit must 
    comply with the CAR. The EPA decided that all the equipment at a 
    process unit must comply because it would be too confusing for 
    implementation if individual equipment was allowed to comply with the 
    CAR.
        The proposed additions to the referencing subparts also specify 
    that the CAR's general provisions, 40 CFR part 65, subpart A, supersede 
    most of the provisions in the referencing subparts' general provisions 
    (i.e., 40 CFR part 60, subpart A, 40 CFR part 61, subpart A, and 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart A). The provisions of the referencing subparts' 
    general provisions that are not superseded are listed. These provisions
    
    [[Page 57759]]
    
    pertain to applicability, reconstruction, modification, and pre-startup 
    activities. It is clarified that provisions which were required to be 
    met prior to implementing the CAR remain in force. For instance, if a 
    facility was required under the referencing subparts' general 
    provisions to conduct a performance test, but the performance test had 
    not been conducted, the facility would still be required to conduct the 
    performance test even if it chooses to comply with the CAR. The 
    facility would also be subject to any enforcement action that would 
    apply for not meeting the requirements of the rule--the CAR does not 
    rescind any past obligations.
        The proposed amendments also specify that opting to use the CAR is 
    an ``all or nothing'' decision for the regulated sources contained in 
    an SCU. They state that the owner or operator must also comply with the 
    CAR for all emission points that are part of the SCU and that are 
    subject to any of the referencing subparts. For example, if an owner or 
    operator of an SCU has storage vessels in that SCU that are subject to 
    the requirements of 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb (the NSPS for Volatile 
    Organic Liquid Storage Vessels), and that owner or operator decides to 
    comply with the CAR for those storage vessels instead of subpart Kb, 
    then all of the equipment, process vents, transfer operations, or 
    storage vessels that are part of that SCU must comply with the 
    requirements in the CAR.
        Additional amendatory language is added to subpart V of 40 CFR part 
    61 because certain sources are referred to subpart V from 40 CFR part 
    61, subparts F and J. Subparts F and J apply to equipment in vinyl 
    chloride or benzene service, respectively. Therefore, the proposed 
    amendments to 40 CFR part 61, subpart V specify that owners or 
    operators of equipment subject to 40 CFR part 61, subparts F or J also 
    may choose to comply with the CAR. All of the proposed amendments in 40 
    CFR part 61, subpart V allowing the choice to comply with the CAR would 
    also apply to 40 CFR part 61, subparts F and J sources. These 
    provisions include choosing to comply with the CAR on an SCU basis for 
    all equipment and emission points at an SCU, and choosing to comply 
    with the CAR on a regulated source basis for equipment or emission 
    points at the same plant site as an SCU complying with the CAR.
        The EPA is allowing the CAR compliance option for sources subject 
    to 40 CFR part 61, subparts F and J primarily because these subparts 
    refer subject sources to part 61, subpart V, and these sources are 
    often part of SCUs. Non-SOCMI sources subject to subparts F and J can 
    implement the CAR, but only if there is an SCU on site implementing the 
    CAR.
        In addition to the proposed CAR-related amendments to 40 CFR part 
    60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V, several other amendments 
    to these rules are being proposed with today's action. These additional 
    proposed amendments are not necessary for implementation of the CAR; 
    rather, they would update the rules to reflect current safety and 
    clarity improvements for equipment leak rules. Section XI of this 
    preamble provides details on these proposed amendments.
    
    VI. Summary of the Proposed Rule and Significant Decisions in Rule 
    Consolidation
    
    A. Basis for the CAR (Optional Implementation)
    
        The CAR is being proposed as an optional compliance alternative. 
    Several different approaches for the CAR were considered, including 
    mandatory compliance for SOCMI sources subject to the consolidated 
    subparts, with varying phase-in schedules. Different options were also 
    explored that allowed optional compliance for some sources and 
    mandatory for others. However, the optional compliance approach 
    reflected in the proposed CAR optimizes the benefits for affected 
    sources while assuring that stringency will not be compromised. The CAR 
    provides significant benefits to sources, as described in this section 
    and section X of this preamble, primarily through burden reduction, 
    simplification, and clarification. Implementing agencies will realize 
    complementary benefits in that, for sources complying with the CAR, 
    compliance requirements will be simplified and clarified, records and 
    reports will be considerably consolidated, and compliance determination 
    will be more straight-forward. Because both the industry and 
    enforcement personnel would be dealing with a single rule with 
    consistent requirements, conflicting interpretations and 
    misunderstandings should be reduced.
        On the other hand, despite the potential benefits of the CAR, if 
    EPA were to make the CAR mandatory, a significant burden in the short 
    term might be created as sources made the transition to the CAR. The 
    EPA recognizes that some SOCMI plant sites subject to only one or two 
    of the referencing subparts would derive limited or no benefit from the 
    consolidated rule. Chemical plants with a small number of regulated 
    emission points (for example, a few storage tanks) and a well-
    established compliance plan could incur an added burden if required to 
    become familiar with and implement the CAR. Some plants have data 
    handling, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting systems in place for 
    the requirements and format of the existing rules; the added initial 
    cost to comply with the CAR could be significant compared to the 
    benefit. The relative costs and benefits realized by plants would 
    depend on several factors, including the size of the plant, the number 
    of regulations that currently apply, the company's perception of 
    benefits, and long-term burden reductions that would accrue from 
    compliance with the CAR.
        In addition, if EPA were to make compliance with the CAR mandatory, 
    it would create a conflict between maintaining current stringency 
    levels and striving for simplicity and consolidation. To avoid 
    increasing the stringency of applicable requirements for any affected 
    source, the CAR would either have to consolidate at the lowest common 
    denominator (i.e., least stringent provisions), or consist of a 
    collection of provisions of different stringencies. The former solution 
    is environmentally unacceptable, and the latter solution results in an 
    overly complex rule that forfeits many of the benefits of 
    consolidation.
        In order for the CAR provisions to be at least as stringent as the 
    underlying rules and to also achieve complete consolidation, it was 
    necessary to select the most stringent of the referencing subparts as 
    the basis for the CAR. In this case, the HON was deemed to include the 
    most stringent control options. Although several other referencing 
    subparts contain the same control requirements (for example, for 
    process vents), the HON provides additional compliance flexibility in 
    many cases. This flexibility has been adopted in the CAR.
        The Agency concluded that the presumption of a mandatory CAR was 
    inconsistent with a simplification. Sources can choose to implement the 
    CAR or continue to implement the underlying subparts, depending on 
    their situation and what they see as more advantageous.
        Enforcement representatives supported the simplicity of the CAR 
    over the numerous existing rules. The benefit to enforcement personnel 
    is not as great for an optional CAR as it would be for a mandatory CAR, 
    since the implementing agency would still need to support 
    implementation and enforcement of the underlying rules as well as the 
    CAR. However, the implementation burden will be eased at
    
    [[Page 57760]]
    
    those sources that choose the CAR. In addition, sources implementing 
    the CAR may increase their emission reductions since the CAR will be 
    more stringent for some emission points.
        The EPA weighed the advantages and disadvantages of the various 
    approaches and concluded that an optional CAR with one set of 
    requirements would be the most workable and acceptable.
        As the development of the CAR proceeded, the provisions in each of 
    the referencing subparts were carefully assessed for relative 
    stringency as well as for the relative merits of the language and 
    presentation of the requirements. The EPA concluded that the HON 
    provided the best starting point for developing consolidated provisions 
    for the CAR as an optional compliance mechanism. The HON was 
    promulgated in 1994 (with several subsequent amendments) and reflects 
    an improved understanding of control approaches for the SOCMI. 
    Furthermore, the control provisions of the HON, in general, represent 
    the most stringent and comprehensive pollution control requirements of 
    the referencing subparts consolidated in the CAR. Therefore, they 
    provide the most appropriate level of control for the CAR, given EPA's 
    objective of not compromising stringency in consolidation. In addition, 
    where the HON and another subpart apply to the same emission point, the 
    HON requirements generally override those of the other subpart, with 
    some exceptions.
        Over the years during which the referencing subparts were 
    promulgated, EPA and the SOCMI have continuously enhanced their 
    understanding of emission control technology for SOCMI sources. 
    Development of the HON benefitted from this enhanced understanding and 
    from significant industry input regarding the operation of SOCMI 
    facilities. Because the HON was developed to reflect a refined approach 
    to regulating the SOCMI, it reflects substantial burden reduction, 
    clarity of language, and flexibility in compliance options.
        The EPA strives to continually reduce the compliance burden 
    associated with regulations promulgated under the Act. As both EPA and 
    State agencies have gained experience with and understanding of 
    compliance and enforcement issues, EPA's regulatory approaches have 
    evolved to incorporate more streamlined and flexible compliance 
    approaches. The HON provisions include many elements of flexibility 
    that substantially reduce the compliance burden. The HON language also 
    makes explicit many requirements that are implied in the other 
    referencing subparts. Such clarifications promote consistent compliance 
    and enforcement and, in some cases, constitute a burden reduction by 
    eliminating guesswork and uncertainty.
        While the HON reflects an updated approach to SOCMI regulation, 
    many of the basic elements of the referencing subparts are still very 
    similar to the HON. For storage vessels, the provisions in 40 CFR part 
    60, subpart Kb and 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y are very similar to the 
    corresponding HON provisions (40 CFR part 63, subpart G). The most 
    significant differences among storage vessel provisions occur between 
    the HON and 40 CFR part 60, subpart Ka. However, there are markedly 
    fewer sources subject to subpart Ka than to the other storage vessel 
    subparts consolidated.
        Likewise, the HON's provisions for process vents are very similar 
    to those in all of the consolidated process vent rules. In fact, the 
    performance standards are virtually the same across all consolidated 
    process vent regulations. The CAR's provisions for transfer operations 
    consolidate 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB and the HON transfer operation 
    provisions (40 CFR part 63, subpart G). The HON provisions provide 
    increased compliance flexibility over subpart BB without compromising 
    stringency.
        Equipment leak provisions in the CAR are also based on the HON 
    language but include some significant improvements. These improvements 
    do not change stringency but enhance the simplicity, clarity, and 
    ``user-friendliness'' of the provisions. Subpart G of the CAR, the 
    closed-vent system and control device provisions, represents a 
    different approach to the order and presentation of regulatory 
    requirements. While the CAR subpart G is based on the HON's language, 
    its organization and structure are different in that the closed-vent 
    system and control device requirements for all emission points (i.e., 
    storage, transfer, process vents, and equipment leaks) with associated 
    closed-vent system and control devices are all presented in one 
    consolidated subpart.
        While the HON has provided a good starting point for the CAR, the 
    consolidation effort included substantial modification to some of the 
    HON language as well as important additions and deletions. Many of the 
    modifications are clarifications of HON language or changes that 
    incorporate CAR terminology. All provisions in each of the referencing 
    subparts were assessed and compared for consolidation. In some cases, 
    language from a referencing subpart other than the HON was deemed more 
    appropriate for the CAR. The following sections of this preamble (VI.B 
    through VI.H) provide a detailed description of each subpart of the CAR 
    and the significant decisions regarding (1) changes to HON language, 
    and (2) the ramifications of using the HON language for sources 
    referenced from 40 CFR parts 60 and 61. Also noted are instances where 
    language from referencing subparts other than the HON is used.
    
    B. General Provisions
    
        The part 65 general provisions consolidate the general provisions 
    applicable to SOCMI sources from subparts A of 40 CFR parts 60, 61, and 
    63. In addition, provisions in the HON, 40 CFR part 63 subparts, F and 
    G, that are general in nature are also consolidated in the part 65 
    general provisions. These particular provisions are designated in the 
    HON as overriding the corresponding requirements in the part 63 general 
    provisions. These overriding provisions apply to SOCMI sources and 
    therefore were consolidated in the proposed CAR general provisions. 
    (The HON overrides are listed in table 3 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart F).
        The consolidated general provisions focus on administrative aspects 
    and broad requirements that are generally applicable to all sources 
    complying with the CAR, such as definitions, operation and maintenance 
    requirements, general recordkeeping and reporting procedures, and 
    compliance determination. Also included are administrative provisions 
    concerning availability of information, state authority, delegation, 
    circumvention, addresses for report submittal, and incorporation by 
    reference. Although the general provisions to the referencing subparts 
    contain provisions regarding add-on control equipment, testing, and 
    monitoring, these types of requirements are consolidated in the CAR's 
    subpart G as described in section III.B of this preamble.
        Consolidated general provisions for the CAR eliminate much of the 
    complexity of the general provisions to the HON. In the CAR general 
    provisions, an ``override'' table for general provisions, such as that 
    in the HON, is not necessary, since all applicable provisions have been 
    brought into, or are referenced in, the CAR. All of the applicable 
    provisions that are general in nature are contained in one CAR subpart, 
    eliminating the complexity inherent in the HON where general 
    requirements are contained in three different subparts (40 CFR part 63 
    subparts A, F, and G). Non-applicable requirements have been 
    eliminated. For example, no continuous emissions
    
    [[Page 57761]]
    
    monitoring system (CEMS), opacity, or particulate matter provisions are 
    included in the CAR since they are not applicable, thus reducing the 
    amount of text that must be read and understood.
        Although every effort has been made to make the CAR a stand-alone 
    rule, as noted in section IV above, there are certain requirements in 
    the general provisions to the referencing subparts that are not 
    addressed in part 65 and that still remain applicable to sources 
    complying with the CAR. Requirements dealing with pre-startup 
    activities, applicability, modification, and reconstruction are still 
    governed by the underlying general provisions in 40 CFR parts 60, 61, 
    and 63. The part 65 general provisions include a table (table 1 of 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart A) specifying the paragraphs and sections in each 
    part's general provisions that still apply to sources complying with 
    the CAR. Since the CAR does not alter the applicability of any of the 
    underlying subparts, these general provisions regarding applicability 
    must also remain applicable.
        In addition, owners and operators who choose to comply with the CAR 
    are still obligated to fulfill requirements that applied while they 
    were complying with a referencing subpart. For example, if a facility 
    is required by a referencing subpart to complete a performance test, 
    opting to comply with the CAR does not remove the requirement to 
    conduct a performance test or protect the source from enforcement 
    actions for not completing the test.
        Discussion in the following paragraphs highlights the primary 
    differences between the general provisions for the proposed CAR and 
    those for the referencing subparts.
    Applicability
        Regulated sources may comply with the CAR only if they are subject 
    to one of the referencing subparts and are specifically referenced to 
    part 65. Further discussion of eligibility to comply with the CAR and 
    how the eligibility is presented in the referencing subparts is 
    contained in sections IV.A and V of this preamble, respectively.
        The applicability provisions also include requirements for 
    implementation of the CAR. An implementation schedule is required and 
    must be established either through a title V permit application or 
    permit modification for title V sources, or in the Initial Notification 
    of Part 65 Applicability for non-title V sources. In either case, the 
    implementation schedule can not extend for more than 3 years, and the 
    provisions prohibit any gaps in compliance between complying with the 
    referencing subpart and implementing the CAR. A maximum of a 3-year 
    implementation period is allowed because there will be some facilities 
    that will need time to install equipment or otherwise prepare for 
    compliance with the CAR for some individual emission points. In these 
    cases, the facility can begin taking advantage of many of the burden 
    reductions by complying with the CAR for most emission points while 
    preparing for compliance for a few emission points. These few emission 
    points would continue to comply with the appropriate referencing 
    subpart. Many facilities will be able to comply with the CAR with few 
    adjustments or additions at their facility, and a 3-year implementation 
    schedule will not be necessary.
        As described above in section IV.A, new sources that become subject 
    to a referencing subpart must consult the applicability provisions in 
    that referencing subpart to determine eligibility to comply with the 
    CAR. New regulated sources (for example, storage vessels or 
    distillation vents) that are part of an SCU that is complying with the 
    CAR would also have to comply with the CAR, or the entire SCU 
    (including the new regulated source) would have to opt not to comply 
    with the CAR. For new sources choosing upon startup to comply with the 
    CAR instead of the applicable referencing subpart, the implementation 
    date is at initial startup.
        The proposed CAR also provides for owners or operators deciding to 
    no longer comply with the CAR and to comply, instead, with the 
    applicable referencing subpart(s). Title V sources must propose a 
    transition date in a title V permit amendment; non-Title V sources may 
    propose a transition date in a periodic report or in a separate notice. 
    The provisions requiring compliance on an SCU basis would still apply, 
    and owners or operators must make the transition to the referencing 
    subparts for an entire SCU, not for individual emission points. The 
    transition must ensure that no gaps in compliance occur; the SCU must 
    be in full compliance at all times with either the CAR or the 
    applicable referencing subparts.
    Definitions: General
        The CAR consolidates the definitions from the 12 referencing 
    subparts, 40 CFR part 63, subpart F and the general provisions of 40 
    CFR parts 60, 61, and 63 into one definition section. In developing the 
    definitions for the CAR, EPA assessed all of the definitions in the 
    referencing subparts and all of the definitions in the applicable 
    general provisions. Many terms defined in the CAR have been defined in 
    one or more of these subparts. In some cases, slight variations exist 
    in definitions for which no substantive difference was intended. The 
    EPA recognized that multiple definitions for the same term or phrase 
    has led to confusion in the past. Therefore, a single set of 
    definitions was developed for implementing the CAR and is included in 
    the proposed general provisions.
        Since the HON language provides the basis for the CAR, the HON 
    definitions are used in the CAR for most terms. However, definitions 
    have been added or modified in the CAR for several reasons. New terms 
    have been defined either to reduce wordiness and redundant language, or 
    to designate a single term to replace many similar terms from all the 
    referencing subparts. In some cases, definitions from the HON have been 
    modified to improve clarity or to make requirements more explicit. A 
    few terms in the CAR are taken from referencing subparts other than the 
    HON.
        The goal of consolidating definitions in the CAR general provisions 
    was to provide clear definitions and to avoid using different words to 
    mean the same thing. The more recent SOCMI rules elaborate on 
    definitions to avoid misinterpretation or implementation problems that 
    arose in earlier rules. The newer definitions expand and elucidate, but 
    they do not change the original intent of the rule. The more 
    significant definition changes and additions are noted as follows.
    Definitions: New
        Several terms not defined in any of the referencing subparts or 
    their general provisions are introduced in the CAR. Some of these terms 
    incorporate important concepts that need to be defined for the CAR; 
    these include the following.
        A new definition for ``empty or emptying'' for storage vessels was 
    added for clarification. This definition helps to clarify when a 
    storage vessel is considered empty. In particular, lowering the stored 
    liquid level so that a floating roof rests on its legs, as necessitated 
    by normal operations, is not considered emptying. Further discussion of 
    issues associated with the emptying of storage vessels is presented in 
    the Storage Vessel section of this preamble (section VI.C).
        A new definition for ``low throughput transfer racks'' was added to 
    clarify requirements for these racks that are subject to the closed-
    vent systems and control device requirements. Low throughput transfer 
    racks require a
    
    [[Page 57762]]
    
    design evaluation, while high throughput transfer racks require a 
    performance test.
        The term ``closed-vent system shutdown'' was added to the CAR to 
    distinguish a shutdown affecting a closed-vent system from a shutdown 
    affecting a process unit. Different requirements apply for process unit 
    shutdowns and for closed-vent system shutdowns, and the two terms 
    therefore need to be distinguished.
        Several new terms were added to the CAR to provide a single general 
    term to replace several different terms used in the referencing 
    subparts. These include the following.
        Definitions for ``regulated material,'' ``in regulated material 
    service,'' and ``regulated source'' were created for the CAR to 
    generalize the pollutant [volatile organic compounds (VOC), total 
    organic compounds (TOC), hazardous air pollutants (HAP), etc.] and the 
    source (affected facility, affected source, etc.) being regulated. The 
    referencing subparts specify the regulated pollutant(s) and define the 
    source, either in the title of the standard or in the applicability 
    provisions prior to referring sources to the CAR. Therefore, while the 
    term used in the CAR is new, pollutants and sources regulated in the 
    referencing subparts do not change in the CAR.
        ``Process unit'' and ``process vent'' are defined in the CAR to 
    encompass the definitions from all of the referencing subparts. The 
    definition of ``process unit'' includes the equipment specified by the 
    definition of ``chemical manufacturing process unit'' in the CAR. The 
    CAR also provides a definition for the ``process unit'' which is to be 
    used when there is no definition for the term in the referencing 
    subpart.
        ``SOCMI CAR Unit'' was added to the CAR definitions to describe the 
    boundary of the entity subject to the CAR. A detailed discussion 
    concerning SCUs is included in section IV.B of this preamble.
        Other new terms were defined in the CAR to reduce wordiness or 
    redundancy. A new definition for ``control system'' was added to 
    simplify language referring to control devices and their associated 
    closed-vent system. A control system is simply the combination of a 
    closed-vent system and a control device. Using a single term to include 
    both closed-vent systems and control devices simplifies the language.
        Three new definitions were added to describe internal and external 
    floating roof failures: ``failure, EFR'', ``failure, IFR type A'', and 
    ``failure, IFR type B.'' Two new definitions were added to describe 
    which process vents require monitoring and which ones do not: ``Group 
    2A process vents'' and ``Group 2B process vents.'' Adding these 
    definitions avoids having to repeat lengthy text describing the 
    specific floating roof failures or the two types of Group 2 process 
    vents each time they are referred to in the regulation.
    Definitions: Modified HON Definitions
        Many of the definitions incorporated from the HON have been 
    modified, primarily for clarity of language or to specify the 
    particular types of emission points (for example, equipment leaks) to 
    which a term applies. The modifications to the HON definitions are 
    described as follows.
        To comply with the HON process vent requirements, an owner or 
    operator has several compliance options, one of which is to collect and 
    route process vent emissions to a control device. There are two broad 
    categories of control devices, combustion devices (such as a boiler or 
    incinerator) and recapture devices (such as a condenser or absorber). 
    Absorbers, condensers, and carbon adsorbers are often used as recovery 
    devices designed to return recovered material to the process; if the 
    recovered material from these devices is disposed of, then the device 
    qualifies as a recapture device and can be used as a control device.
        The HON contains similar definitions for ``control device'' in both 
    subparts F and G. The CAR definition is based on the HON definitions, 
    which include language stating that for process vents in general, a 
    product recovery device can not be used as the control device if the 
    owner or operator is complying by routing emissions to a control 
    device. Recovery devices are equipment normally used for the purpose of 
    recovering chemicals for fuel value, use, reuse, or for sale; control 
    devices, on the other hand, are equipment that reduce emissions of 
    regulated material to the atmosphere through combustion or some other 
    means.
        The CAR includes additional language in the control device 
    definition clarifying that some particular recovery devices can be 
    considered control devices. This requirement is the same in the HON, 
    however, the HON does not clarify it in the control device definition. 
    In summary, a recovery device is allowed to be considered a control 
    device for process vents if (1) it was installed prior to 1993, (2) it 
    is the last recovery device before venting to the atmosphere, (3) it is 
    capable of meeting the 98 percent reduction standard, but it is not 
    capable of achieving the 20 parts per million (ppm) standard, and (4) 
    the recovery device must comply with control device requirements if the 
    recovered material is disposed. The use of recovery devices with 
    process vents is further discussed in section VI.E of this preamble.
        In the definition of ``equipment,'' the CAR includes new language 
    clarifying that the definition applies only to equipment leak 
    provisions. The word ``equipment'' is used in a more general sense in 
    other subparts.
        The CAR definition of malfunction differs from the HON in that it 
    includes monitoring equipment as equipment to which the malfunction 
    provisions apply. The HON definition of malfunction incudes air 
    pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process, but does 
    not include monitoring requirement.
        In the definition of ``open-ended valve or line,'' the reference in 
    the HON definition to ``pressure relief valves'' was changed to simply 
    ``relief valves'' since it is intended to also include relief valves 
    that do not necessarily relieve pressure.
        The definition of ``organic monitoring device'' is taken from the 
    HON but has been modified to clarify that an organic monitoring device 
    can be used at locations other than at an exiting recovery device.
        Process heaters and boilers both are types of enclosed combustion 
    devices. General requirements for enclosed combustion devices, as well 
    as specific requirements for process heaters versus boilers, are 
    contained in the CAR. When comparing the process heater definitions in 
    the referencing subparts confusion exists as to which enclosed 
    combustion devices are process heaters and which are boilers. The 
    ``process heater'' definition in the CAR is based on the HON 
    definition, but the phrase ``enclosed combustion'' is added for 
    clarity. In addition, the CAR adds language specifically including 
    heating water as a secondary function of a process heater. The HON 
    definition could have been interpreted to exclude heating water as a 
    function of process heaters.
        In the CAR, the HON definition of ``recapture device'' was modified 
    to clarify that, for purposes of monitoring, recordkeeping, and 
    reporting, recapture devices are subject to the same provisions as 
    recovery devices. The same sentence was added to the definition of 
    ``recovery device'' to reinforce this clarification.
        The definitions of ``repair'' and ``first attempt at repair'' are 
    very similar to the HON definitions but were modified in the CAR to 
    clarify that the definitions apply to equipment leak requirements
    
    [[Page 57763]]
    
    and not to other emission points such as storage vessels.
        Similarly, the definition of ``set pressure'' is from the HON 
    subpart H but is clarified in the CAR to specify that it applies only 
    to equipment leak provisions.
        ``Routed to a process or route to a process'' is defined as it is 
    in the HON subpart H, except that in the CAR the phrase ``by hard-
    piping or a closed-vent system'' is deleted. Emissions vented to a 
    process are not considered to be vented through a closed-vent system 
    and therefore are not subject to the closed-vent system requirements. 
    This change is made for clarification and consistency with the CAR's 
    use of the closed-vent system terminology, and it does not affect the 
    intent or the regulatory requirements. Striking ``by hard-piping'' 
    allows flexibility in the types of equipment (i.e., ductwork) that can 
    be used to route to a process.
        The CAR's definition of ``closed-vent system'' is taken from the 
    definition in subpart G of the HON, but changes were also made to this 
    definition to help clarify which equipment is included in a closed-vent 
    system and, therefore, subject to the closed-vent system requirements. 
    The CAR definition of closed-vent system excludes systems that 
    transport gas or vapors back to a process. Under the CAR, a closed-vent 
    system is a system routing vapors to a control device; piping that 
    routes vapors back to a process is not considered a closed-vent system. 
    The CAR definition of ``closed-vent system'' also has additional 
    language added to exclude vapor collection systems that are part of a 
    tank truck or rail car, and to clearly describe where the system begins 
    on transfer racks. It should be noted that the phrase ``open to the 
    atmosphere'' does not include air or inert gas intakes for systems 
    where gas make-up is needed to prevent pulling a vacuum.
        The CAR definition of ``run'' for a performance test combines the 
    definitions from the general provisions of 40 CFR parts 60, 61, and 63. 
    As such, it adds language to the HON definition clarifying that a run 
    may be either intermittent or continuous, within the limits of good 
    engineering judgement.
        The definition ``temperature monitoring device'' is changed in the 
    CAR to require an accuracy of 1.2 degrees Celsius, as 
    opposed to 0.5 degrees Celsius in the HON. The EPA 
    believes, based on investigations undertaken in this effort, that 
    temperature monitoring devices with the 1.2 degrees Celsius 
    accuracy are more widely available, are in place at more plant sites, 
    and are adequate for demonstrating compliance.
        The definition of ``total resource effectiveness index value or TRE 
    index value'' as defined in the HON was modified in the CAR to better 
    describe the purpose of the index. This modified definition is 
    considered more useful for compliance purposes.
        The definition of ``total organic compounds'' is similar to the 
    definitions in the referencing subparts. One aspect of the definition, 
    however, could not be consolidated. Total organic compounds, or TOC, is 
    a term in the TRE index value equations. As discussed in more detail 
    under the process vent section (see section VI.D), the TRE index value 
    determination cannot be consolidated because of the different 
    approaches presented in the HON and the non-HON process vent 
    referencing subparts. To maintain the necessary distinction for TRE 
    index value determinations, the TOC definition in the CAR states that, 
    for the non-HON referencing subparts, TOC does not include compounds 
    ``that the Administrator has determined do not contribute appreciably 
    to the formation of ozone.''
        A few definitions in the CAR are taken from referencing subparts 
    other than the HON because the terms are not defined in the HON. These 
    include, for example, ``distance piece'' from 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    VV and ``stuffing box pressure'' from 40 CFR part 61, subpart V. These 
    are useful terms in the CAR and definitions for them are considered 
    helpful for understanding equipment leak provisions.
        As HON definitions were incorporated into the CAR, some editing was 
    required to remove references to specific provisions in the HON. 
    Generally, the references to HON provisions were edited to refer to the 
    corresponding provision in the CAR, or in some cases, the definitions 
    were edited to incorporate the meaning or context of the referenced 
    provision. For example, a definition for ``initial startup'' has been 
    developed for the CAR to specify the point of initial startup for 
    various cases and situations. This definition encompasses all of the 
    different situations described in the referencing subparts that entail 
    an ``initial startup.'' These include new or reconstructed sources as 
    well as certain specified additions or changes not defined by the 
    referencing subparts as a new source. The CAR definition of ``initial 
    startup'' incorporates the description of additions and changes from 
    Sec. 63.100(l) and (m) of the HON that would trigger an ``initial 
    startup.''
    Definitions: Changes to Definitions of 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61
        The use of HON definitions as the basis for the CAR implies changed 
    definitions for sources referred from the other referencing subparts. 
    In general, these differences do not constitute substantive changes to 
    the rule, but provide improvements in clarity and simplification of 
    requirements. For example, some of the CAR terms, while not defined in 
    the part 60 and 61 referencing subparts or their general provisions, 
    are used in their regulatory language (for example, initial startup). 
    Other terms defined in the CAR introduce new concepts that were not 
    needed in the part 60 and 61 referencing subparts. For example, the CAR 
    provides new means of compliance such as fuel gas systems and vapor 
    balancing systems; therefore, these terms are defined in the CAR. 
    However, most of the differences in definitions between the CAR and the 
    non-HON referencing subparts result from the CAR incorporating a HON 
    definition that is different from the corresponding non-HON definition. 
    The more significant definition changes relative to the non-HON 
    referencing subparts are as follows.
        The CAR incorporates the HON definition of ``alternative test 
    method'' which requires that alternative test methods be validated 
    using Method 301 of appendix A of 40 CFR part 63. Method 301 
    validation, a more recently developed approach unavailable to older 
    rules, is not required by the non-HON referencing subparts. The EPA now 
    uses Method 301 to validate proposed alternative test methods. 
    Therefore, requiring its use by the regulated source simply ensures 
    consistency in evaluating alternative methods, and will codify what is 
    already being done.
        In 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD and 40 CFR subpart 61, subpart BB, 
    the definition of ``car seal'' includes the regulatory requirement to 
    replace a broken car-seal with a new seal. In general, definitions are 
    not appropriate locations for enforceable requirements. Therefore, the 
    CAR adopted the definition from the HON and 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    RRR. The requirement for replacing broken car-seals is included in the 
    closed-vent system provisions of subpart G of the CAR.
        The CAR's definition of ``closed-vent system'' is taken from the 
    definition in subpart G of the HON but has additional language added to 
    exclude vapor collection systems that are part of a tank truck or rail 
    car, and to clearly describe the system boundaries for transfer racks.
    
    [[Page 57764]]
    
    The CAR definition differs from those found in 40 CFR part 60, subparts 
    III, NNN, and RRR with respect to this clarification for vapor systems.
        The CAR includes the definition of ``continuous parameter 
    monitoring system'' from part 63. This term replaces the ``monitoring 
    device'' definition in part 60 and is used for consistency; it does not 
    constitute a change in monitoring requirements.
        The CAR's definition of ``connector'' is taken from the HON and 
    explicitly excludes certain types of connectors that are included under 
    the definitions of ``connector'' in 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 
    CFR part 61 subpart V. The CAR excludes joined fittings that are welded 
    completely around the circumference and, for purposes of recordkeeping 
    and reporting, inaccessible fittings and ceramic or ceramic lined 
    fittings.
        ``Halogenated vent stream or halogenated stream'' is defined in 40 
    CFR part 60, subparts III, NNN, and RRR based on parts per million by 
    volume (ppmv) of halogenated compounds in the stream (20 ppmv or 
    greater). The CAR incorporates the HON definition, which defines a 
    halogenated stream on the basis of mass emission rate of halogen atoms 
    (0.45 kilograms per hour). Further discussion of issues associated with 
    determination of halogenated vent streams is included in section VI.D 
    of this preamble.
        The CAR definition of ``liquids dripping'' is taken from the HON 
    subpart H. It is more explicit than the definitions in 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V in that it includes examples 
    of what constitutes indications of liquids dripping.
        ``Process unit shutdown'' is defined in all of the referencing 
    subparts for equipment leaks. The CAR uses the definition from the HON 
    subpart H, which differs from the other referencing subparts in 
    clarifying when a process unit shutdown has occurred. The CAR 
    definition explicitly states that a process unit shutdown has occurred 
    only when (1) the shutdown is planned, (2) it occurs under appropriate 
    safety constraints, and (3) repairs can be effected. Furthermore, a 
    ``process unit shutdown'' has not occurred if the shutdown is (1) 
    unplanned, and (2) lasts for too short a time for process material to 
    be cleared from the process unit, and results in greater emissions than 
    would occur with delay of repair.
        The CAR definitions of certain control devices include several 
    changes relative to the referencing subparts. The basic definition of 
    ``boiler'' is similar across all the process vent referencing subparts. 
    However, the definition in 40 CFR part 60, subpart RRR and the HON 
    contain additional language stating that ``boiler'' does not include 
    incinerators. The HON definition also states that ``boiler'' does 
    include industrial furnaces. The CAR definition includes both these 
    additions (incinerators are not boilers, industrial furnaces are 
    boilers) as well as a third addition stating that process heaters are 
    not boilers.
        The CAR's definition of ``incinerator'' is unmodified from the HON. 
    The definition in 40 CFR part 60, subparts III and NNN, and 40 CFR part 
    61, subpart BB specifically state that an incinerator ``does not 
    extract energy in the form of stream or process heat.'' However, the 
    CAR definition clarifies that there can be a recovery section to an 
    incinerator as long as it is a separate section that is not 
    manufactured or assembled as a single unit with the combustion section. 
    The CAR definition also clarifies, relative to subparts DDD and III 
    that an incinerator can use auxiliary fuel to heat waste gas.
        The CAR definition of ``process heater'' provides a similar 
    clarification that, although heating water can not be the primary 
    function of a process heater, heating water or generating steam can be 
    a secondary function.
        The definitions of ``repair'' and ``first attempt at repair'' are 
    consistent with those in 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart V, but they include additional language from the HON stating 
    that monitoring to verify repair is required as part of the repair.
        The definition of ``start up'' is taken from the HON. It clarifies 
    what is included in ``start-up'' definitions in parts 60 and 61 by 
    specifying some examples of equipment and activities included in start 
    up.
    Compliance With Standards and Operation and Maintenance Requirements
        In Sec. 65.3, the CAR general provisions consolidate provisions 
    regarding compliance with operation and maintenance requirements. These 
    provisions are consistent with the provisions in 40 CFR part 63. The 
    main source of burden reduction and clarity improvements for these 
    provisions lies in the fact that provisions contained in 40 CFR part 63 
    subparts A, F, G, and H have been consolidated in one location. Small 
    wording changes were made for clarity and to modify text to fit the CAR 
    structure. For example, the HON states that use of acceptable operation 
    and maintenance procedures can be determined based on (among other 
    things) a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan. The CAR provisions 
    clarify that the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan is optional 
    for equipment leaks, unless the equipment is equipped with a control 
    device, in which case a startup, shutdown and malfunction plan is 
    required. The startup, shutdown and malfunction plan would be used to 
    determine acceptable operation and maintenance procedures only in cases 
    where such a plan is required. Other clarifying language consists of 
    more descriptive paragraph titles and introductory sentences clearly 
    indicating which standards are addressed in each subsection.
        The CAR's provisions on compliance are also organized differently 
    from the HON. The CAR contains all compliance requirements together at 
    the beginning of this section (Sec. 65.3), and moves the detailed 
    requirements for performance tests and the startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction plan (which are included within the HON compliance section) 
    to their own separate subsections. With this arrangement, provisions in 
    the CAR are easy to locate by section and subsection headings.
        In reviewing the operation and maintenance provisions for 
    consolidation, EPA noted that the HON does not specify that monitoring 
    must be conducted during startup, shutdown, and malfunction. Of course, 
    if the monitor itself is malfunctioning, monitoring would not be 
    required, assuming that any minimum data availability requirements are 
    met. While the HON makes reference to monitoring data for periods of 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction in the provisions regarding 
    excursions that occur during such periods, there are no explicit 
    requirements that such monitoring take place. Therefore, in the CAR, 
    EPA explicitly requires that monitors must be in operation except when 
    they are malfunctioning or except to avoid damage caused by 
    contemporaneous startup, shutdown, or malfunction with other equipment. 
    The EPA's discussions with industry representatives indicate that there 
    have been differing interpretations regarding monitoring during 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction, but that requirements to monitor 
    during these periods would not substantially increase the monitoring 
    burden. Without data from periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction 
    EPA can not determine the extent of an exceedance where normal 
    operation has been misidentified as a startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction. Nor would EPA have the data to compare the effectiveness 
    of techniques to minimize emissions during such episodes. As a result, 
    monitoring data for periods of
    
    [[Page 57765]]
    
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction are considered essential and are 
    explicitly required in the CAR.
        The EPA has also clarified what provisions do not apply during 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction. The HON broadly states that the 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subparts F, G, and H do not apply during 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction. This has been clarified in the CAR 
    to specify that it is the emission standards and established parameter 
    ranges that do not apply during startup, shutdown, and malfunction. The 
    EPA reasoned that this more specific reference more accurately reflects 
    the intent of the rule.
    Recordkeeping
        The recordkeeping section of the CAR general provisions sets forth 
    basic requirements related to duration of records retention, and 
    availability and accessibility of records. Again, a primary benefit of 
    these provisions is that they merge all the general recordkeeping and 
    reporting provisions for all regulated sources into one place. While 
    the requirements are substantially the same as those in the HON, burden 
    reductions are achieved through simplification, clarification, and 
    elimination of redundancy.
        The CAR requirements for records retention are clearer than those 
    in the referencing subparts in that they explicitly state record 
    retention times for title V sources (5 years) and non-title V sources 
    (2 years, unless a referencing subpart specifies otherwise.) While the 
    5-year retention time for title V sources applies for all records 
    required under the Act, retention time for title V sources is not 
    stated explicitly in the 40 CFR part 60 and 61 general provisions.
        The provisions for where the retained records must be kept is one 
    of very few instances in the CAR where the requirements are not 
    consolidated. In this case, two different provisions are given: one 
    that applies to sources that are subject to the HON and a second 
    provision that applies to sources subject to the 40 CFR parts 60 and 61 
    referencing subparts. The provision that applies to HON sources is from 
    the HON. It states that records must be retained on site for 6 months 
    and must be accessible within 2 hours. For the remaining 4 and \1/2\ 
    years, the records may be retained offsite. The provision that applies 
    to the 40 CFR parts 60 and 61 sources states that records must be 
    retained on site for 2 years, but may be retained off site for the 
    remaining 3 years. The HON provision resulted from the settlement 
    agreement for the HON litigation. The EPA considers it important to 
    retain this provision as revised under the litigation for HON sources. 
    For this provision, EPA considers that it is not appropriate to expand 
    the applicability beyond the HON. The EPA is concerned that allowing 
    records to be stored offsite after 6 months will make it difficult for 
    an inspector to determine compliance. Under the HON, EPA has allowed 
    records to be taken off site after 6 months to determine how well this 
    approach works and to assess whether any inspection issues arise. At 
    this time, EPA does not have sufficient information to warrant 
    expanding the scope of this provision. Therefore, a different provision 
    is provided for non-HON referencing subparts.
    Reporting
        The reporting requirements in the CAR general provisions pertain to 
    reports that are required for all or most complying sources. 
    Notifications and reports that are specific to particular emission 
    points are addressed in the subparts for each particular type of 
    emission point. The general provision reporting requirements include a 
    Notification of Initial Startup, an Initial Notification of Part 65 
    Applicability for non-title V sources, and an Initial Compliance Status 
    Report.
        Notification of Initial Startup is required within 15 days after 
    initial startup for any regulated source that has implemented the CAR 
    at initial startup. The notification under the CAR is similar to the 
    initial notification in the referencing subparts.
        Initial Notification of Part 65 Applicability is the only new 
    separate report required in the CAR. It is required for non-title V 
    sources and must include identification of each subject emission point 
    and its applicable part 65 subpart, and a proposed implementation 
    schedule. As an alternative to ``identifying each emission point,'' the 
    process unit containing the emission points can be identified along 
    with the kind of emission point in the process unit that will comply. 
    Title V sources are not required to submit this notification since this 
    information would be included in their title V permit application or 
    modification request.
        The Initial Compliance Status Report is required for all new 
    regulated sources complying with the CAR and is due within 240 days 
    after the applicable compliance date set in the referencing subpart, or 
    60 days after the initial performance test, whichever is earlier. The 
    contents of the Initial Compliance Status Report pertain primarily to 
    performance tests and are different for each type of emission point. 
    The reporting requirements are therefore specified in the applicable 
    subpart. Since sources may be required to conduct more than one 
    performance test, the CAR allows the information on each performance 
    test to be submitted separately, 60 days after each test is completed. 
    The CAR allows more time to submit the performance test than the 
    referencing subparts because the CAR will affect more emission points 
    at a facility. The EPA deemed it appropriate to allow more time to 
    complete all of the performance tests and reports.
        The general provisions reporting requirements also specify the 
    timing and frequency of periodic reports. Only semiannual periodic 
    reports are required. The CAR has clarified and simplified when the 
    periodic reports are due and what the reporting period is. The CAR 
    allows more time (60 days after the end of each 6-month period) for 
    periodic reports than the NSPS general provisions (30 days), because 
    the combined report required by the CAR will be larger and will take 
    more time to prepare. The CAR's periodic reports, like those in the 
    HON, cover multiple emission points; the 60 day reporting date is taken 
    from HON.
        The CAR has greatly simplified the language regarding report 
    submittal. The CAR's provisions on where to send reports are based on 
    the HON, but reduce six paragraphs of text to one short paragraph. The 
    HON requires that all reports be sent to EPA Regional Offices, and also 
    to State agencies once authority has been delegated to the State. Since 
    reports generally must now be sent to both offices under title V, the 
    CAR simply requires that all reports be submitted to the relevant 
    Regional Office and State agency. The CAR also includes a new provision 
    allowing Regional Offices to waive reporting to EPA.
        Another new provision in the CAR allows an owner or operator to 
    submit semiannual reports on the same schedule as the title V periodic 
    reports. Furthermore, if a semiannual report requires the same 
    information as that submitted with a title V report, the semiannual 
    report need only reference the title V report for the information. In 
    addition, a source owner or operator can arrange with the Administrator 
    a common schedule for reporting, and may, upon approval, adjust the 
    postmark or time period deadline to coincide with state reporting 
    schedules. This added flexibility for reporting schedules can reduce 
    the number and frequency of report submittal for sources complying with 
    the CAR.
    
    [[Page 57766]]
    
    Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction
        In general, owners and operators choosing to comply with the CAR, 
    including non-HON sources, are required to develop and implement a 
    written plan for operating and maintaining the source during periods of 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction. These provisions are based on the 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction requirements from the 40 CFR part 63 
    general provisions and the HON (Secs. 63.151 and 63.152 of 40 CFR part 
    63, subpart G). Changes have been made to fit the CAR format, but the 
    intent and purpose of the startup, shutdown, malfunction plan have been 
    maintained as in part 63. As with the HON, this plan is optional for 
    equipment complying with subpart F of the CAR (the equipment leak 
    provisions), except that it is mandatory for equipment equipped with a 
    control device. However, any control devices used for compliance with 
    the equipment leaks provisions are subject to subpart G of the CAR, 
    rather than subpart F, and therefore require a written plan for 
    startup, shutdown and malfunction.
        The general provisions for parts 60 and 61 do not require a 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan. However, the ultimate effect 
    of the CAR plan is to reduce the reporting burden associated with 
    startup, shutdown and malfunction. As long as a startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction is handled according to the plan, sources need only report 
    that the event occurred. The report can be submitted as a semiannual 
    notice, or it can be submitted as part of the periodic report. This 
    procedure replaces the part 60 and 61 requirements to submit detailed 
    reports for each startup, shutdown, and malfunction. Therefore, even 
    though the plan must be maintained, the CAR potentially reduces the 
    total number and complexity of the reports.
        The CAR does not adopt the 40 CFR part 63 general provision 
    requirement that the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan be 
    incorporated into the source's title V permit. In keeping with the 
    memorandum ``Incorporation of Startup, Shutdown, Malfunction Plans into 
    Sources' Title V Permits'' from the Director of OAQPS to Regional Air 
    Directors (January 18, 1996), regarding incorporation of the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan into title V permits, the CAR clarifies 
    that the plan must be maintained on-site but not necessarily 
    incorporated by reference into a title V permit. The permit must, 
    however, include the enforceable requirement to have a plan and to 
    maintain the plan on-site. Since the plan is required to be 
    periodically updated, incorporation by reference would make a title V 
    permit modification necessary for each revision to the plan and would, 
    therefore, be counter-productive.
        The CAR also contains revised provisions regarding reasons for 
    finding a startup, shutdown, malfunction plan to be inadequate and 
    requiring that it be revised. Plans are considered inadequate under the 
    HON if they fail to provide for the operation of the regulated source 
    during startup, shutdown, and malfunction to minimize emissions to at 
    least the levels required by all relevant standards. However, EPA 
    decided that emissions during startup, shutdown, and malfunction, while 
    needing to be minimized in accordance with good air pollution control 
    practice, can not always be minimized to the levels required by the 
    standards. It is impractical, as well as contradictory with other 
    provisions, to expect sources to continually meet applicable emission 
    standards while experiencing a startup, shutdown, or malfunction. Plans 
    under the CAR must only provide that emissions be minimized to the 
    extent practical in a manner consistent with good air pollution control 
    practices.
        Although the provisions of 40 CFR 63.6(e)(1)(i) of subpart A are 
    not included in the CAR, these provisions are likely to be required in 
    future rulemakings. These provisions state:
    
        At all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction, owners or operators shall operate and maintain any 
    affected source, including associated air pollution control 
    equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control 
    practices for minimizing emissions at least to the levels required 
    by all relevant standards.
    
    The HON, as it was revised by 62 FR 2721, January 17, 1997 specifically 
    overrides this provision of the part 63 general provisions. The CAR 
    incorporates the HON provisions because it is the simplest approach 
    that upholds the language negotiated in the HON litigation settlement, 
    and EPA has applied it to part 60 and part 61 sources for simplicity 
    and consistency. It should be noted that the HON, through the general 
    provisions [40 CFR 63.6(e)(3)(vii)(B)], requires that the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan include provisions specifying how an 
    owner or operator will ``provide for the operation of the source 
    (including associated air pollution control equipment) during a 
    startup, shutdown, or malfunction event in a manner consistent with 
    good air pollution control practices * * *'' The CAR incorporates this 
    provision. The HON also requires that during a startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction ``* * * the owner or operator shall implement, to the 
    extent reasonably available, measures to prevent or minimize excess 
    emissions to the extent practical.'' This provision acts to replace the 
    provisions of 40 CFR 63.6(e)(1)(i) of subpart A in the HON and the CAR. 
    However, EPA believes that explicitly requiring operation consistent 
    with good air pollution control practices at all times is not 
    unreasonable and is likely to continue to be required in future 
    rulemakings.
        Certain provisions in the part 63 general provisions regarding 
    immediate reporting of periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction 
    have not been included in the CAR. These provisions require an 
    immediate report of any actions taken during a startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction that are not consistent with the startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction plan. The EPA determined that such reports appear to be 
    inconsistent with provisions from subpart G of the HON requiring that 
    such actions be reported in the periodic report rather than an 
    immediate report. The CAR incorporates the provisions from the HON 
    subpart G, since they require reports that are sufficient to ensure 
    continuous compliance and are potentially less burdensome. The CAR also 
    allows startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports, title V periodic 
    reports, and CAR periodic reports to be submitted together.
        A semi-annual summary report of the occurrences and durations of 
    each startup, shutdown, and malfunction during which excess emissions 
    occur is required by the CAR general provisions. The report is the 
    companion to the records specified in Secs. 65.162(a) and 65.163(c) of 
    the CAR, which not only require records of occurrences and durations, 
    but also provide for other records associated with startup, shutdown, 
    and malfunction (such as a record that the procedures in the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan were followed). The summary report is 
    required if, during a semi-annual reporting period, (1) the total 
    duration of periods of inoperation or malfunction of a CPMS is equal to 
    or greater than 5 percent of the total operating time for the reporting 
    period, or (2) the total duration of periods of startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction during which excess emissions occur for a regulated source 
    are equal to or greater than 1 percent of that regulated source's 
    operating time for the reporting period. This summary report is 
    included in the startup, shutdown, and malfunction report, which can be 
    included in the periodic report. The HON does not
    
    [[Page 57767]]
    
    specify that this information be submitted with the startup, shutdown, 
    and malfunction report. The EPA considers this an important addition to 
    the start-up, shutdown, and malfunction provisions, because it would 
    highlight when a startup, shutdown, and malfunction condition exists 
    for a significant amount of time, and would also indicate a condition 
    that happens frequently during a semi-annual period. Nevertheless, this 
    is a substantial burden reduction from the referencing NSPS, which 
    require detailed reports on the causes of excess emissions and summary 
    reports when the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting 
    period is less than 1 percent of the total operating time for the 
    reporting period, and when CPMS downtime is less than 5 percent of the 
    total operating time for the reporting period.
    Waivers and Alternatives
        The CAR consolidates the mechanism for requesting alternatives and 
    waivers for monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting. These provisions 
    describe what is required of the applicant, and the procedures for 
    approval or denial of the alternative or waiver. The CAR specifically 
    allows alternatives for recordkeeping as well as monitoring, while the 
    referencing subparts general provisions specify alternative monitoring 
    methods only.
        The CAR also includes procedures for requesting approval of an 
    alternative means of emission limitation for design, equipment, work 
    practice, or operational standards, as do specific subparts in part 60, 
    the part 61 general provisions, and the HON. The CAR's language is 
    based on language from the HON, subpart F, but the CAR clarifies that 
    alternative means of emission limitation are not applicable to 
    performance standards. Performance standards do not specify a means to 
    limit emissions, so any means is already acceptable.
        The CAR general provisions include consolidated administrative 
    requirement sections on ``Availability of Information and 
    Confidentiality,'' ``State Authority,'' ``Prohibited Activities and 
    Circumvention,'' and ``Incorporation by Reference.'' The CAR includes 
    minor wording changes and clarifications to the part 63 language; for 
    example, in the prohibitions provisions, the prohibition on failing to 
    report is eliminated and replaced throughout the CAR with the specific 
    requirements to report.
    
    C. Storage Vessel Provisions
    
        The storage vessel provisions consolidate the requirements of 40 
    CFR part 60, subparts Ka (petroleum liquids storage) and Kb (volatile 
    organic liquids storage), 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y (benzene storage), 
    and 40 CFR part 63, subpart G (HON storage). The referencing subparts 
    will direct storage vessels to subpart C of the CAR, which specifies 
    the compliance options for storage vessels. Subpart C contains the 
    control requirements for floating roofs only. Subpart C references 
    subpart G for the control requirements for control devices (including 
    flares) and routing to a process or fuel gas system. This split in 
    requirements facilitates consolidation and reduces text. For example, 
    the flare provisions do not have to be listed in multiple places in the 
    CAR. This structure clarifies and simplifies the referencing subparts 
    which may present the flare requirements on different bases, in 
    different formats, and in multiple locations (including the individual 
    general provisions).
        There are several compliance options for storage vessels, but not 
    all storage vessels qualify for all options. Owners and operators of 
    storage vessels containing liquid with a low (less than 76.6 kilo-
    Pascal) maximum true vapor pressure have the option to comply by using 
    an internal floating roof (IFR), external floating roof (EFR), or an 
    EFR converted into an IFR. Storage vessels under the CAR equipped with 
    floating roofs are only required to comply with the provisions in 
    subpart C of the CAR. However, there are other control options 
    available to all storage vessels, including: (1) routing emissions 
    through a closed-vent system to a flare or control device, and (2) 
    routing emissions to a process or fuel gas system. Those vessels 
    equipped with a closed-vent system or that have emissions routed to a 
    process or fuel gas system must also comply with subpart G of the CAR. 
    For those vessels, subpart C specifies a 95 percent reduction control 
    efficiency for control devices and it provides for 240 hours per year 
    downtime for planned routine maintenance of flares or control devices. 
    In addition, subpart C clarifies that the performance requirements for 
    flares and control devices do not apply during planned routine 
    maintenance or control system malfunctions.
        An allowance for downtime for planned routine maintenance of 
    control devices is contained in both 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y and the 
    HON. The downtime allowance is included in the CAR in subpart C, while 
    an associated record is required with the other control device records 
    in subpart G. The 40 CFR part 60, subparts Ka and Kb do not include 
    this allowance.
        Subpart Y of 40 CFR part 61 and the HON storage vessel provisions 
    provide downtime for planned routine maintenance for all storage vessel 
    control devices. The HON allows 240 hours per year and subpart Y allows 
    72 hours per year. The EPA believes that for SOCMI storage vessels, it 
    is acceptable to allow 240 hours per year downtime for routine 
    maintenance for control devices, thus providing operational flexibility 
    without creating a significant potential for environmental degradation. 
    The EPA maintains that it may be appropriate for storage vessels 
    associated with other industries to be allowed less downtime depending 
    on the use and maintenance activities of the industry.
    New CAR Structure and Other Significant Changes From the HON
        This section identifies the rationale and benefit of the structure 
    of the CAR storage vessel provisions. It also outlines the significant 
    differences between the storage vessel provisions in the referencing 
    subparts and those in the CAR. In some cases, the CAR clarifies the 
    language adopted from the HON; in others, HON concepts have been 
    extended to the other storage vessel rules. While the CAR incorporates 
    the HON storage vessel provisions, the CAR provisions have been 
    structured to better match procedures and operations at a plant. The 
    CAR structure is a new approach to all of the referencing subparts. At 
    a plant site, the personnel responsible for designing or re-designing 
    storage vessels are not typically the same personnel responsible for 
    operating the vessels. Likewise, different personnel are in charge of 
    inspecting vessels, and they may not be the same personnel that repair 
    the vessels. In addition, plant environmental staff may be in charge of 
    keeping records and making reports although they have no other storage 
    vessel responsibilities.
        Based on industry suggestions, the provisions for IFRs and EFRs are 
    organized into design, operation, inspection, repair, and recordkeeping 
    and reporting requirements. This more closely reflects how plant 
    personnel actually function in complying with the referencing subparts 
    and the modular format is clearer for each audience. Storage vessel 
    operators, for example, do not necessarily need to be familiar with the 
    inspection requirements.
        The CAR also clarifies the storage vessel requirements of the 
    referencing subparts by specifying how floating roofs should be 
    monitored. While the HON provisions, which form the basis of CAR 
    provisions, require only annual inspection of floating roofs, industry 
    representatives were concerned that the
    
    [[Page 57768]]
    
    requirement in each of the referencing subparts that IFRs and EFRs must 
    float at all times implies that continuous monitoring is required; 
    however, no explicit provisions are provided for demonstrating 
    continuous compliance. The EPA does not consider continuous monitoring 
    necessary to ensure that roofs remain floating at all times; EPA 
    considers annual observation to be adequate. The CAR requires that 
    roofs be inspected for floating status during an annual inspection and 
    at any other time the roof is viewed. This clarification was deemed 
    necessary to provide a practical means to ensure that IFRs and EFRs 
    float at all times, and it provides a means of achieving the 
    environmental protection intended by the referencing subparts in a 
    manner that is potentially less burdensome to the industry.
        Another clarification to the referencing subparts incorporated into 
    the CAR is the operating requirement to empty a tank whenever the roof 
    is resting on the leg supports. All the storage vessel referencing 
    subparts state that when the roof rests on the leg supports, the 
    process of filling, emptying, or refilling the vessel shall be 
    continuous and accomplished as soon as possible. This has been 
    interpreted to mean that the liquid level in a vessel can be dropped 
    below the leg level only when the vessel is to be completely emptied. 
    This can result in either: (1) an effective ``loss'' of available tank 
    capacity if the owner or operator maintains the level at an adequate 
    margin above the leg supports to prevent fluctuations without resting 
    the roof on the legs, or (2) a requirement to completely empty the 
    vessel if fluctuations lower the liquid level below the leg level. 
    Emptying a vessel would increase the vapor space between the roof (as 
    it rests on the leg supports) and the liquid level, thus increasing 
    emissions. Emptying a vessel can also result in significant expense in 
    maintaining extra tanks or barges to handle the emptied liquid.
        The intent of the provision in the referencing subparts is to 
    prevent the liquid level from rising and falling while the roof is 
    resting on the supports. While the roof is on the supports, 
    fluctuations in the liquid level generate emissions by increasing the 
    vapor space between the roof and the liquid level as the liquid level 
    falls, and then pushing these vapors out of the vessel as the level 
    rises. Emissions are minimized if the vapor space is minimized. Not 
    requiring emptying the tank if the liquid level falls below the roof 
    supports would minimize the vapor space. Emissions are also minimized 
    when the liquid level is raised during a continuous fill to a point 
    where the roof is again floating, without an intervening drop in the 
    liquid level. The CAR language is a revision of the language in the 
    referencing subparts which requires only that once the roof is resting 
    on the legs, the process of filling or refilling must be continuous and 
    done as soon as practical. The CAR definition of ``empty'' or 
    ``emptying'' is also clarified to specify that when the liquid level 
    drops below the roof supports during normal operation, the event is not 
    considered emptying. Therefore, none of the provisions that must occur 
    upon emptying are triggered. (The note in the HON provisions to this 
    effect is not needed with the clarifications in the CAR.)
        Since resting the roof on its leg supports while the tank is in 
    service is not a common occurrence, this revision is unlikely to 
    significantly affect emissions, but the revision provides operational 
    relief to the owner or operator when unforeseen inventory problems 
    force the liquid level to drop below the leg supports. It should be 
    noted that a new recordkeeping requirement has been created to document 
    when this occurs [Sec. 65.47(e)]. However, the benefits of added 
    operating flexibility and of the clarified language, which helps avoid 
    interpretation conflicts, far outweigh the slight additional burden of 
    creating a new record.
        Another significant burden reduction for storage vessels concerns 
    time extensions for repair and for seal gap measurements of unsafe 
    vessels. Under several of the referencing subparts, a vessel is 
    required to be repaired within 45 days if failures (as defined for 
    storage vessel floating roofs) are found during the vessel inspection. 
    If the vessel cannot be repaired within 45 days, a single extension of 
    up to 30 days to empty the vessel and remove it from service may be 
    requested from the Administrator. The provisions in the proposed CAR 
    allow up to two extensions of up to 30 calendar days each without prior 
    Administrator approval. The source operator is only required to 
    document the basis for the extension and retain records of repairs and 
    report them in the next periodic report. Extending the exemptions from 
    the HON to all storage vessels complying with the CAR creates a 
    consistent approach to compliance. Allowing extensions for repair 
    creates operational flexibility without significantly affecting 
    emissions.
        The CAR also incorporates the HON's more flexible provisions for 
    instances where performing seal gap measurement may be unsafe. The 
    source operator is allowed up to two extensions of up to 30 days each 
    to empty and remove a vessel from service once it is determined to be 
    unsafe. The referencing subparts other than the HON do not include 
    special provisions for instances where performing seal gap measurements 
    would be unsafe. Allowing extensions for safety purposes incorporates 
    that latest ``common sense'' approach to seal gap measurement 
    procedures.
        The concept of an EFR converted into an IFR is contained in the HON 
    but is not included in the other storage vessel referencing subparts. 
    No additional requirements are specified in the HON. Instead, it 
    clarifies which EFR requirements and which IFR requirements apply to 
    these storage vessels. The CAR incorporates this clarification by 
    including a special section for converted storage vessels. The section 
    points out which provisions should be followed, but does not otherwise 
    contain additional requirements. This clarification incorporates the 
    most current approach to control and better represents situations that 
    can occur in the industry.
    Other Changes From the Referencing Subparts
        Several burden reducing changes were made to the recordkeeping and 
    reporting provisions for storage vessels. The changes from the 
    referencing subparts create a consolidated program that will increase 
    clarity and compliance while reducing industry burden. These changes 
    are discussed below.
        The proposed CAR provides for 90 days as the time within which gap 
    measurements would be required once a vessel that had been out of 
    service for over 1 year is refilled. The HON and 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart Y also allow 90 days; however, 40 CFR part 60, subparts Ka and 
    Kb specify 60 days. Therefore, the 90 day allowance would provide a 
    burden reduction for part 60 storage vessels complying with the CAR.
        The timing of reports for storage vessels has been standardized in 
    subpart C of the CAR. For both the prior notice of gap measurements and 
    notice of vessel filling or refilling, the CAR retains the same 30-day 
    requirement included in each of the referencing subparts. However, the 
    CAR requires results of defect inspections, seal gap measurement 
    results, and seal gap exceedences to be reported in the periodic 
    semiannual report, as they are in the HON. These reports in 40 CFR part 
    60, subparts Ka and Kb, and 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y are required 
    either 30
    
    [[Page 57769]]
    
    or 60 days after the inspection, depending on the regulation. The CAR's 
    consolidated submittals provide a reporting burden reduction for 40 CFR 
    part 60, subparts Ka and Kb, and 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y sources.
        Notifications for refilling a vessel that has been emptied and 
    notifications prior to seal gap measurement of EFR's are required as in 
    the HON. However, where these notifications are also sent to a State or 
    local agency, a copy to EPA is not required. In reviewing the use of 
    these notifications, EPA determined that the States and local agencies 
    used the reports to observe refilling in cases where they are the 
    delegated authority. The State or local agency may also waive these 
    notifications.
        The proposed CAR provisions require less information for seal gap 
    measurement reports than the HON does. For example, for EFR seal gap 
    measurements, sources would not be required to report raw data or 
    calculations of each measurement, as specified in the HON provisions. 
    Only the result of the gap measurement calculations that indicate 
    noncompliance are required under the CAR; vessels with seal gap 
    measurements that are in compliance need only be listed. Because the 
    more detailed raw data would still be retained as an onsite record, EPA 
    believes that reporting it would be unnecessary.
        Records of inspections have also been streamlined in the proposed 
    CAR. For example, 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb requires sources to record 
    the condition of each component inspected. The CAR requires only a 
    record that the inspection has been performed on a specific vessel, the 
    date of inspection, and a reference to the type of inspection 
    performed. These records could consist of a simple checklist of subject 
    storage vessels with dates entered for particular inspections 
    performed. The proposed CAR requires a description of the condition of 
    a component only if a problem is detected.
    Additional Requirements Resulting From the Consolidated Program
        This section details the provisions of the CAR that are based on 
    the HON language and that introduce changes to the other referencing 
    subparts. These changes, which may impose additional burden, primarily 
    to subpart Ka tanks, as detailed below, should be considered in 
    relation to all the positive advantages of consolidating the design 
    requirements as well as those previously discussed for storage vessel 
    complying with the CAR.
        The requirements for storage vessels previously complying with 40 
    CFR part 60, subpart Ka are significantly different under the CAR. 
    These differences primarily include design requirements for floating 
    roofs and the allowance for a vapor mounted seal for an EFR. Modeled 
    after the HON provisions, the CAR design specifications require a 
    secondary seal above a vapor mounted seal for an IFR, and they do not 
    allow vapor mounted seals for an EFR. Subpart Ka of 40 CFR part 60 
    allows vapor mounted seals for EFRs and does not specify types of seals 
    for IFRs. In general, it is expected that storage vessels subject to 40 
    CFR part 60, subpart Ka will require upgrading in order to comply with 
    the CAR's floating roof design requirements.
        Other differences include the CAR's requirements for seal gap 
    measurement and IFR inspection and repair procedures. Owners and 
    operators with storage vessels subject to 40 CFR Part 60, subpart Ka 
    are required to have ``no gaps'' in the secondary seal, but the rule 
    does not provide any explicit procedures for determining compliance. 
    The CAR's explicit procedures provide clarity. Likewise, the CAR's 
    explicit requirements for repair procedures and time frames are now 
    included for storage vessels previously complying with 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart Ka. Similarly, subpart Ka of 40 CFR part 60 does not specify 
    any IFR inspection or repair provisions. The explicit CAR provisions, 
    based on the HON, are new to sources subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    Ka. Another design requirement that would be new to these storage 
    vessels is the CAR provision requiring that covers on the roof be 
    gasketed.
        Design requirements for guide poles are found in the HON and are 
    used in the CAR. The CAR requires gasketed caps on unslotted guide 
    poles (except for antirotational devices equipped with a welded cap) 
    and gasketed floats (or other devices) on slotted guide poles. Both of 
    these requirements are new to 40 CFR part 60, subparts Ka and Kb and 40 
    CFR part 61, subpart Y.
    
    D. Process Vent Provisions
    
        The process vent provisions consolidate the process vent 
    requirements of 40 CFR part 60, subparts III (air oxidation process 
    vents), NNN (distillation vents), and RRR (reactor vents), and part 63, 
    subpart G (HON process vents). The process vents subpart in the CAR, 
    subpart D, provide significant opportunity for consolidation because 
    the process vent referencing subparts are similar in their structure 
    and requirements.
        Subpart D of the CAR contains all the provisions for the 
    performance standards; determining if control, monitoring, or neither 
    is required; TRE index value determinations; process changes; and 
    monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping for vents that comply without 
    the use of either a recovery or control device. Vents that comply by 
    using recovery or control devices are also subject to subpart G of the 
    CAR for further provisions regarding operation, monitoring, 
    recordkeeping and reporting for control and recovery devices. This 
    section discusses subpart D of the CAR; section V.G and H discuss 
    subpart G of the CAR.
    Language Clarification and Consolidation
        This section presents the rationale and use of some of the 
    terminology used in the process vents subpart of the CAR. It points out 
    the initial confusion or repetitive language in the referencing 
    subparts as well as the changes proposed in the CAR. The control 
    requirements for vents are the same across all the referencing subparts 
    and each also has provisions for using TRE index values for classifying 
    vents into three categories, as follows: control required, no control 
    required but monitoring required, or no control required and no 
    monitoring required. While the performance standards for vents are the 
    same in the referencing subparts, the language used to describe the 
    three vent classifications is not. The 40 CFR part 60 rules use long 
    text descriptions that cite TRE index value, concentration, and flow 
    rate to describe each vent classification every time the language 
    refers to a vent classification. The HON uses ``Group 1'' and ``Group 
    2'' to distinguish process vents where control is and is not required, 
    but the HON also uses long descriptions whenever Group 2 is mentioned 
    to describe if monitoring is required or not. These different 
    approaches not only create confusion but also significantly expand the 
    language.
        The CAR expands on the HON terms that describe each vent 
    classification by establishing nomenclature for each classification. 
    Process vents where control is required are referred to as ``Group 1.'' 
    Process vents where control is not required but monitoring is required 
    are referred to as ``Group 2A.'' Process vents where neither control 
    nor monitoring are required are referred to as ``Group 2B.'' This 
    change allows for less overall text and makes the rule easier to read 
    and understand, thereby resulting in better compliance and facilitating 
    enforcement. The consistent terminology for these vents throughout the 
    CAR also reduces confusion in recordkeeping and reporting and makes 
    classification of specific vents easier.
    
    [[Page 57770]]
    
    The remainder of this section will refer to process vents by using the 
    Group 1, Group 2A, and Group 2B terminology to indicate the vent 
    classification specified by the CAR or by the referencing subparts.
    Consolidation of Requirements
        This section discusses which process vent provisions and approaches 
    in the referencing subparts were consolidated to create the CAR process 
    vent subparts. The significant changes, including discussions of the 
    rationale and benefits of the changes, are highlighted below.
        The consolidated requirements for process vent group determination 
    is summarized in table 2. Several vent characteristics (TRE index 
    value, flow rate, and concentration) are used in the referencing 
    subparts to determine group status. However, variability exists across 
    the referencing subparts in the values that are used for these 
    characteristics. Where possible the CAR has consolidated these criteria 
    to propose a rule that is consistent for all vents.
    
                                                       Table 2.--The CAR Process Vent Group Determinations
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                        Group assignment
      Vent stream characteristic  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    1                                         2A                                         2B
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total resource effectiveness   1.0                      >1.0 to 4.0                                      >4.0.
     (TRE).
                                   and                                 and                                              or
    Flow rate....................  0.011 scmm               0.011 scmm                            <0.011 scmm.="" and="" and="" or="" pollutant="">a.....  300 ppmv TOC             300 ppmv TOC                          <300 ppmv="" toc.="">50 ppmv HAP              50 ppmv HAP                           <50 ppmv="" hap.="" control......................="" control="" required="" no="" control;="" monitor="" required="" no="" control="" and="" no="" monitoring.="" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="">a Process vents subject only to 40 CFR part 60 subpart III or 40 CFR part 63, subpart G are not eligible for the 300 ppmv TOC concentration cutoff.
      Process vents subject to 40 CFR part 63, subpart G are eligible for the 50 ppmv HAP concentration cutoff. Process vents subject to only the 40 CFR
      part 60, subparts are not eligible for the 50 ppmv HAP concentration cutoff.
    
        Each of the process vent subparts being consolidated used a TRE 
    index value to determine group status. The 40 CFR part 60 rules and the 
    HON use similar parameters (for example, flow rate, heating value) but 
    different coefficients in the equations, yielding different TRE index 
    values. The CAR contains a single equation along with accompanying 
    tables containing all the needed coefficients. The coefficients vary 
    depending on process vent stream parameters and the referencing part 
    (HON or NSPS). The single equation eliminates the need to duplicate in 
    the CAR many pages of equations from the referencing subparts. While 
    the new equation looks different from those in the referencing 
    subparts, it yields the same TRE index values and, therefore, does not 
    change any applicability determinations.
        The different coefficients for the HON and the NSPS rules are 
    necessary to avoid altering the stringency of the referencing subparts. 
    The TRE index equations essentially are used to determine whether or 
    not a particular vent stream is cost-effective to control (in terms of 
    cost per unit of pollution reduced). The coefficients of the TRE 
    equation vary because source category specific decisions were made 
    pertaining to acceptable levels of cost-effectiveness in each rule. 
    Consolidating to a single set of coefficients would change the TRE 
    index value and, therefore, change the applicability criteria of the 
    referencing subparts.
        There are some minor differences among the referencing subparts in 
    the provisions regarding the numerical levels for TRE index value, flow 
    rate, and concentration that are used in determining group status 
    (Group 1, Group 2A, or Group 2B).
        Group 2A vents are required to monitor certain parameters to ensure 
    that the TRE index value remains above 1.0 (a TRE index value of less 
    than 1.0 indicates that control is required). Two of the referencing 
    subparts, 40 CFR part 60, subparts NNN and RRR, specify a TRE index 
    value criterion of 8.0, below which monitoring is required; these are 
    Group 2A vents. The two other referencing subparts have a Group 2A TRE 
    index value criterion of 4.0. Statistically, there is a chance that the 
    actual TRE index value could fluctuate during normal operation to less 
    than 1.0 if the calculated TRE is less than the Group 2A criterion. 
    This is why monitoring is required for Group 2A process vents (i.e., to 
    ensure that the TRE index value does not fall below the 1.0 criterion).
        After reviewing the development history of these cutoffs for each 
    rule, EPA determined that the probability of the TRE fluctuating from a 
    value in the range of 4.0 to 8.0 to less than 1.0 is small compared to 
    the probability of it fluctuating from a value in the range of 1.0 to 
    4.0 to less than 1.0. In the CAR, EPA proposes a TRE index value cutoff 
    of 4.0 for consistency. Thus, vents with TRE index values greater than 
    4.0 (i.e., Group 2B) would not have to monitor. This consolidation 
    would result in no impact on emissions because the vents in question 
    were never subject to control requirements; they were only subject to 
    monitoring requirements.
        The low flow rate criterion for Group 2B status was similarly 
    consolidated in the CAR. The cutoffs in the referencing subparts range 
    from 0.005 standard cubic meters per minute (scmm) in the HON to 0.008 
    scmm in 40 CFR part 60, subpart NNN to 0.011 scmm in 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart RRR. Subpart III of 40 CFR part 60 does not contain a low flow 
    rate criterion. The EPA proposes to use 0.011 scmm in the CAR. Based 
    upon an analysis of EPA's process vent database, EPA concluded that the 
    population of process vents with a flow rate between 0.005 and 0.011 
    scmm would be very small. This data analysis is documented in more 
    detail in the following memorandum available in the Docket: ``Process 
    Vent Applicability Criteria,'' from Greg DeAngelo, Eastern Research 
    Group, to Rick Colyer, EPA, dated July 17, 1998. In the case of air 
    oxidation vents (i.e., those subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart III), 
    EPA believes that no vents will have flow rates below 0.011 scmm 
    because of the high flow rates in the vent streams from these unit 
    operations.
        The low concentration cutoff for Group 2B status also was 
    consolidated. Based on an analysis of EPA process vent database, EPA 
    considered it appropriate to extend the 300 ppmv TOC low concentration 
    cutoff from 40 CFR part 60, subpart RRR to subpart NNN sources, but did 
    not apply the cutoff to subpart III sources. Air oxidation process 
    vents subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart III can have low
    
    [[Page 57771]]
    
    concentrations but very high flow rates that could potentially result 
    in significant mass emissions of regulated pollutant even at low 
    concentrations. The 50 ppmv HAP concentration cutoff was retained for 
    40 CFR part 63, subpart G sources because the concentration cutoff is 
    in terms of HAP and no direct, consistent relationship can be 
    established between HAP and TOC emissions given the many different 
    types of processes across the industry.
        Another concept that was taken from the HON and used in the CAR is 
    the procedures for monitoring a Group 2A process vent that meets the 
    Group 2A criteria without the use of a recovery device. In other words, 
    the process vent has the characteristics of a Group 2A process vent 
    ``naturally,'' without the addition of a recovery device. In this case, 
    because the standard monitoring parameters for recovery devices do not 
    apply, the CAR specifies that the owner or operator should determine 
    the appropriate parameters to monitor. Under this case-by-case 
    determination, the proposed monitoring parameters, monitoring schedule, 
    and recordkeeping and reporting procedures would be submitted to the 
    Administrator for approval and then become the provisions for the 
    process vent. This concept is a clarification to the part 60 rules, 
    which do not address process vents that are Group 2A ``naturally.''
    Engineering Assessment
        The CAR allows the use of engineering assessment in lieu of testing 
    to determine vent characteristics. Engineering assessment is allowed 
    when determining vent stream flow rate and concentrations and TRE index 
    value for verifying Group 2B status. Halogenated vent stream status can 
    also be determined using engineering assessment. Compared to testing, 
    engineering assessment is a less burdensome approach to determining 
    vent stream characteristics. Allowing engineering assessment for 
    verifying Group 2B status does not decrease environmental protection 
    because any process vent with an estimated TRE index value between 1.0 
    and 4.0 must be tested and is potentially subject to control. Using 
    engineering assessment for process vents with a TRE index value above 
    4.0 also allows facilities to focus attention on vents where control or 
    monitoring is expected to be required.
        Engineering judgement is allowed in the process vent referencing 
    subparts of part 60 only for TRE index value determination after a 
    process change is made, but it is not allowed for the initial 
    determination of vent characteristics. Also, the specifications 
    included in the CAR of what an engineering assessment entails, and the 
    examples of engineering assessment, are not in the process vent NSPS.
        The HON does not allow the use of engineering judgement for the 
    initial determination of concentration and flow rate to verify Group 2B 
    status. These vents would have to be tested to evaluate the 
    concentration or flow rate. The CAR allows engineering assessment for 
    the initial determination of low concentration and flow rate. The EPA 
    has determined that engineering assessment is appropriate for these low 
    concentration and/or low flow rate streams. This assessment is 
    available for review by an inspector who can always request that a test 
    be conducted if needed.
    Other Burden Reductions
        There are several other minor provisions based on HON provisions 
    that are consolidated in the CAR for consistency, simplicity, or to 
    provide burden reduction. They are discussed below.
        As in all the referencing subparts, the CAR requires that the group 
    status of the process vent must be evaluated whenever a process change 
    is made. The part 60 rules list examples of process changes, and these 
    lists are similar to the examples in the HON, except that the HON list 
    includes changes in production rates as an example of a process change. 
    The CAR includes production rate changes as examples of process 
    changes.
        Likewise, the CAR includes the HON provisions regarding where to 
    locate the sampling site for purposes of determining the vent stream 
    characteristics. The CAR approach essentially specifies that the 
    sampling site should be located after the last recovery device but 
    prior to the control device inlet (and prior to release to the 
    atmosphere). In addition to this same requirement, the part 60 process 
    vent referencing subparts also provide sampling site provisions for 
    streams that are mixed prior to venting to a control device. In these 
    provisions, calculations are required to back-calculate the effect of 
    the control device on the individual streams that are mixed. The EPA 
    determined that this back-calculation was not necessary, because a 
    determination of the efficiency for the control device to reduce the 
    mixed stream is a good indication of the efficiency to reduce emissions 
    from individual streams. These 40 CFR part 60 provisions, therefore, 
    were not adopted in the CAR.
        The net heating value equation in the CAR specifies that the 
    concentrations of the individual compounds are to be determined on a 
    wet basis. All of the process vent referencing subparts and the general 
    provisions of 40 CFR parts 60 and 63 contain a net heating value 
    equation, but the equation is presented in several different forms 
    across the rules with respect to whether or not the concentration 
    component of the equation is on a wet or dry basis. Some equations 
    specify wet basis, but some equations specify dry basis and include a 
    correction for the water vapor content of the vent stream. With the 
    exception of 40 CFR part 60, subpart III, all the equations are 
    mathematically equivalent, so the results are the same. In subpart III, 
    the equation is given in the wet basis form, but the provisions do not 
    require that it be on a wet basis. Because industry input indicated 
    that the wet basis form for the equation is more prevalent, the wet 
    basis form is used in the CAR and the concentration is required to be 
    on a wet basis. This is a possible change for 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    III since some owners or operators subject to subpart III may have been 
    calculating net heating value using concentration on a dry basis in the 
    equation meant for wet basis concentrations. These owners or operators 
    would therefore need to recalculate the net heating value under the 
    CAR.
        A change has been proposed to subpart III, however, specifying that 
    the concentration should be on a wet basis (62 FR 45369, August 27, 
    1997). Note that this Federal Register citation refers to changes in 
    test methods; the actual text of the proposed amendment to subpart III 
    is in the air docket at A-97-12 or on the web at http://www.epa.gov/
    ttn/emc. Once this change is final, subpart III and the CAR will be 
    consistent on this issue.
        The HON has a requirement to report which criteria (TRE index 
    value, concentration, or flow rate) a process vent meets to qualify as 
    a Group 2B vent and to report the test results (if any) accompanying 
    the determination. Under the CAR, records of test information must be 
    maintained, but no reports are required. The report is required only to 
    identify which vents are Group 2B. It does not have to list which 
    criteria each vent meets. This reporting requirement operates in 
    conjunction with the CAR's approach to reporting process changes. If a 
    process change is made that does not result in upgrading the group 
    status (for example, Group 2B to Group 2A), then only a statement to 
    that effect is required. This is a burden reduction because if a 
    process vent that meets
    
    [[Page 57772]]
    
    Group 2B status for one criterion now meets Group 2B status for a 
    different criterion following a process change, only a brief report 
    would be required rather than test results, engineering assessments, or 
    the like. All records of calculations after a process change are still 
    required to be kept.
    Halogenated Vent Streams
        Some concerns may exist in the consolidated process vent rules for 
    halogenated process vents subject to 40 CFR part 60, subparts III, NNN, 
    or RRR but not subject to the HON. Two separate but related issues 
    exist: (1) whether a vent stream is halogenated, and (2) how to control 
    a halogenated vent stream.
        The TRE index value is a function of whether the vent stream is 
    halogenated or nonhalogenated. The CAR and all of the referencing 
    subparts direct the owner or operator to use one set of coefficients to 
    make the TRE index value calculation for a halogenated vent stream, 
    while another set of coefficients must be used to make the TRE index 
    value calculation for a nonhalogenated vent stream. The CAR provisions 
    consolidate the definition of a halogenated vent stream using the HON 
    definition. The definition specifies that when the mass emission rate 
    of halogen atoms contained in the organic compounds is equal to or 
    greater than 0.45 kilogram per hour, the process vent stream is 
    considered halogenated.
        This is potentially an important issue for process vents subject to 
    one of the part 60 process vent referencing subparts, because those 
    rules define halogenated streams differently. A stream is considered 
    halogenated if it contains 20 ppmv or greater halogens (versus 0.45 
    kilograms per hour under the CAR). The consolidation of this definition 
    in the CAR could result in a halogenated vent in the NSPS rules 
    becoming a nonhalogenated vent in the CAR, or vice versa. With the 
    different set of coefficients for calculating TRE index values for 
    halogenated and nonhalogenated vent streams, this could change the TRE 
    index value of a vent and, therefore, the group status. If a group 
    status changes as a result of the CAR, a different control and/or 
    monitoring requirement may be triggered.
        The EPA believes this is an insignificant difference because only a 
    small subset of vents might have different halogenated status under the 
    CAR versus the NSPS process vent rules. Also, the majority of sources 
    subject to the process vent NSPS are also subject to the HON. 
    Therefore, this difference would have little effect on rule 
    applicability.
        The HON provisions for process vents also include additional 
    control requirements for halogenated Group 1 process vents, while the 
    other referencing subparts do not specify any additional control. The 
    HON prohibits flaring of halogenated vents and specifies that a halogen 
    reduction device must be used if the process vent is to be combusted. 
    The proposed CAR includes the HON provisions regarding flares and 
    halogen reduction devices for combusted halogenated Group 1 process 
    vents. Based on industry input, EPA believes that halogenated vents are 
    very rarely flared because the flare tip corrodes under these 
    conditions.
        These are substantial changes from the 40 CFR part 60 rules 
    (especially the possibility of requiring the installation of a halogen 
    reduction device such as a scrubber) that may prove to be an impediment 
    to some sources that otherwise may wish to use the CAR. The EPA 
    believes that the total population of process vents that contain 
    halogens, are Group 1, and are subject to a 40 CFR part 60 rule, but 
    that are not subject to the HON is small. The EPA specifically requests 
    comment on this issue.
    
    E. Transfer Rack Provisions
    
        The transfer rack provisions consolidate the transfer rack 
    requirements of 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB (benzene transfer 
    operations), and 40 CFR part 63, subpart G (HON transfer racks). 
    Transfer racks complying through the use of a control device are 
    referred to subpart G of the CAR, thereby eliminating much of the 
    regulatory text contained in the transfer sections of the referencing 
    subparts.
        The CAR transfer provisions are based on the transfer provisions of 
    the HON. The only significant change relative to the HON provisions 
    involves elimination of a recordkeeping requirement. The HON requires 
    that records be kept of liquids transferred through each transfer rack. 
    The EPA has determined that this record is not necessary for transfer 
    racks complying with the CAR. The intent of the record in the HON was 
    to determine if the liquids being transferred triggered the HON control 
    requirements for the transfer rack. Since control is required for all 
    transfer racks complying with the CAR, this record is not needed.
        The primary benefit of using the CAR for transfer racks subject to 
    40 CFR part 61, subpart BB is to extend the same compliance options of 
    the HON to non-major SOCMI sources subject to subpart BB.
        The HON allows vapor balancing as an alternative to the 
    installation of a control device. The process of vapor balancing 
    consists of returning vapors expelled from the vehicle being loaded 
    through vapor lines to the storage vessel being emptied. This option is 
    not contained in 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB. Vapor balancing is an 
    option under the HON because EPA determined that it reduces emissions 
    by at least 98 percent and is therefore an acceptable alternative to a 
    control device. Consequently, vapor balancing is included in the CAR to 
    provide flexibility for non-major SOCMI sources subject to subpart BB.
        In addition, the CAR clarifies the definitions of vapor balancing 
    and closed-vent system. Vapor balancing systems are not subject to the 
    closed-vent system equipment leak provisions. Previously, the 
    referencing subparts used different approaches and terminology, 
    creating confusion about whether or not an individual section of the 
    transfer rack was part of the process or part of the closed-vent 
    system. The consolidated definitions clarify the issue. See the 
    discussion of the definitions in section VI.B of this preamble for more 
    information.
        ``Vapor collection system'' is the term used in the referencing 
    subparts to describe the equipment that collects and transports 
    transfer rack emissions. Throughout the CAR, uniform language is 
    adopted that refers to this type of equipment as ``closed-vent 
    systems.'' This standardization, along with the revised definitions, 
    further clarifies which sections of the transfer rack are included in 
    the closed-vent system and which are process piping.
        The HON also introduces two other compliance alternatives that can 
    be used for transfer racks, neither of which are included in 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart BB. Emissions from transfer racks can be routed either 
    to a process or to a fuel gas system. These options are consistent with 
    EPA's current approach to emissions control and provide operational 
    flexibility while maintaining environmental protection. During the 
    development of the HON, EPA determined that both of these alternatives 
    reduce emissions by at least 98 percent and are therefore acceptable 
    alternatives to a control device. Therefore, these two options are 
    included in the CAR's provisions for transfer racks.
        The CAR allows two alternatives for demonstrating leak tightness 
    for tank trucks and rail cars. Source operators may rely on either a 
    Department of Transportation tank certification for tank trucks and 
    railcars, or Method 27
    
    [[Page 57773]]
    
    test results and documentation. The HON allows both of these 
    alternatives, recognizing that either is an acceptable means of 
    demonstrating leak tightness of tank trucks and railcars. However, 
    because it was drafted prior to the DOT certification program, 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart BB does not make this choice available for transfer 
    racks and specifies only Method 27. Allowing this alternative in the 
    CAR provisions provides a potential for burden reduction because owners 
    and operators of tank trucks and railcars are already required to keep 
    the DOT certifications under DOT regulations. Under the CAR they do not 
    have to perform Method 27 in addition to keeping the DOT certification. 
    This alternative provides for a significant reduction in recordkeeping 
    burden in 40 CFR part 61, because subpart BB required several ancillary 
    records related to Method 27 to be kept by the owner or operator of the 
    transfer rack. These records are not necessary in conjunction with the 
    much simpler records needed for the DOT certifications.
        The HON also allows an owner or operator to use a control device to 
    reduce the organic concentration of transfer rack emissions to 20 ppmv, 
    (on a dry basis, corrected to 3 percent oxygen) as an alternative to 
    reducing emissions by 98 percent. However, 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB 
    does not provide this alternative, so the CAR includes this option as a 
    means of flexibility for transfer rack compliance.
        Achieving a 98 percent reduction of a vent stream that initially 
    has a very low concentration can be infeasible or unreasonably costly. 
    Allowing a 20 ppmv concentration in addition to a 98 percent reduction 
    provides operational flexibility without compromising environmental 
    protection. This is an example of extending the more up-to-date 
    procedures of the HON to sources subject to 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB.
        The CAR adopts the control requirements of the HON for halogenated 
    transfer rack vent streams. These requirements are similar to those 
    discussed in section VI.D of this preamble for halogenated process 
    vents. These are new requirements for transfer racks subject to 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart BB. The EPA does not expect the new requirement to 
    affect many vent streams because few transfer racks that are subject to 
    40 CFR part 61, subpart BB will contain halogens in sufficient quantity 
    to be considered halogenated by the CAR.
    
    F. Equipment Leak Provisions
    
        The proposed CAR's equipment leaks provisions consolidate the 
    equipment leaks requirements of 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV (SOCMI 
    equipment leaks), 40 CFR part 61, subpart V (the generic equipment leak 
    requirements for 40 CFR part 61, subparts F [vinyl chloride] and J 
    [benzene]), and part 63, subpart H (HON equipment leaks).
        Applicability of the CAR's equipment leak requirements is 
    determined by applicability provisions in the referencing subparts. 
    These provisions specify the components that would be subject to the 
    CAR. The provisions of the CAR apply only to those components that are 
    subject to the referencing subparts and are specifically referred to 
    the CAR. The CAR does not alter the applicability of the referencing 
    subpart. For example, the equipment leak provisions of subpart VV of 40 
    CFR Part 60 state that subject equipment includes all pumps, valves, 
    compressors, pressure relief devices, sampling connection systems, 
    open-ended lines, and connectors that contain or contact a process 
    fluid that is at least 10 percent VOC by weight. When the CAR is 
    applied, only those same components would be subject to the provisions 
    in the CAR. Thus, even though the CAR contains provisions for 
    agitators, the agitator provisions would not apply to a source subject 
    only to 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV, because agitators are not covered 
    by 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV.
        This section of the preamble discusses the CAR provisions for 
    alternative monitoring for valves, connector monitoring, the overall 
    improvements to the structure of the equipment leaks provisions in the 
    CAR, provisions from the HON that were clarified or improved through 
    incorporation into the CAR, and significant changes between the 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V 
    and those contained in the CAR.
    Alternative Monitoring Program for Valves
        The most significant difference between the equipment leaks 
    provisions in the CAR and those in the referencing subparts is the 
    CAR's innovative approach for monitoring valves for leaks. The CAR 
    alternative monitoring program can significantly reduce the amount of 
    burden associated with monitoring valves for leaks without increasing 
    the emissions of regulated pollutants to the environment. The valve 
    monitoring program is discussed below.
        The premise for the CAR alternative monitoring program is that 
    industry data and experience have shown that, at some facilities, some 
    valve populations tend to leak more frequently than others. The 
    referencing subparts require valve monitoring on a process unit basis, 
    such that a certain number of valves that tend to leak frequently may 
    continually force all of the valves in the process unit to be monitored 
    frequently. Separate process units can qualify for less frequent 
    monitoring if the percent leaking valves in the process unit falls to a 
    small enough number. The CAR alternative monitoring program extends 
    this concept by allowing subgrouping, within or across process units, 
    to determine the valves that must be monitored. Each subgroup 
    correlates to a specific monitoring frequency based on the percent 
    leaking in that subgroup.
        Under the CAR alternative, the owner or operator can place valves 
    that are expected to leak more frequently into one subgroup. Because 
    these valves leak more frequently they would be monitored more 
    frequently. Then, the valves in the other subgroups can qualify for 
    less frequent monitoring because the valves that leak more frequently 
    will not be included in their percent leaking calculations. This is 
    conceptually the same as the current programs which allow different 
    monitoring frequencies for different process units, in that the 
    performance of a given process unit does not disqualify another process 
    unit from less frequent monitoring. The primary difference in the CAR 
    alternative monitoring program is that subgrouping can be based on 
    site-specific factors other than process unit boundaries.
        The main benefit of the CAR alternative monitoring program is to 
    allow facilities to focus on valves that tend to leak, while relieving 
    the burden of monitoring valves that tend not to leak and achieving 
    essentially the same level of environmental protection provided by the 
    referencing subparts. The cost of monitoring, which is a significant 
    burden to the industry, is thereby reduced without creating a greater 
    potential for negative environmental impact.
        Several safeguards have been built into the CAR alternative 
    monitoring program to ensure that the level of environmental protection 
    does not deteriorate. First, to initially qualify for the CAR 
    alternative monitoring program, the overall performance of all valves 
    in the alternative monitoring program must be less than 2 percent 
    leakers. Also, if the overall performance of the valves in the 
    alternative monitoring program fails to meet the program's required 2 
    percent leak rate, as determined through semi-annual performance 
    checks, the entire population of valves in the alternative monitoring 
    program would revert to the
    
    [[Page 57774]]
    
    original valve monitoring program. As a result, each process unit would 
    revert to the monitoring frequency dictated by the percent leaking 
    valves observed. This may also introduce monthly monitoring for many 
    valves. The EPA considers this possibility a significant incentive for 
    owners or operators to maintain good performance at plant sites 
    employing the subgrouping program.
        In addition, valves with less than one year of monitoring data (or 
    valves not monitored within the last 12 months) must initially be 
    placed into the most frequently monitored subgroup. Provisions to 
    restrict switching valves between subgroups are included to prevent 
    circumvention. These provisions, discussed below, ensure that valves 
    cannot be moved back and forth between subgroups to hide or diminish 
    the impact of leaking valves on the percent leaking valves 
    calculations.
        Under the proposed alternative, a valve can be moved into a less 
    frequently monitored subgroup only when data have been collected that 
    demonstrate that the valve has not leaked during the entire monitoring 
    period of the subgroup to which it is moving (for example, no leaks for 
    the past 12 months before moving a valve into an annually monitored 
    subgroup). Therefore, valves with a demonstrated lower incidence of 
    leaks can migrate into the longer monitoring period subgroups. Because 
    even a few leaking valves in a subgroup can disqualify the subgroup for 
    the longer monitoring periods, it is anticipated that owners and 
    operators will be very cautious when considering whether or not to move 
    suspect valves into the longer monitoring period subgroup.
        To move a valve into a more frequently monitored subgroup, the 
    valve must have been monitored during the most recent monitoring period 
    for the group it is moving from, and it must have had its monitoring 
    results included with the group from which it is moving. The intent of 
    this safeguard is to prevent leaking valves from being shuttled out of 
    a subgroup to protect that subgroup from triggering a more frequent 
    monitoring period.
        The placement and subsequent reassignment of valves into subgroups 
    is a decision that will be made on a case-by-case basis by the owners 
    and operators. The alternative program takes advantage of the knowledge 
    of the process that the owner or operator possesses. At a given 
    facility, for example, valves operating under certain temperatures or 
    valves located adjacent to certain pieces of equipment may be more 
    likely to leak. No single set of criteria can be applied to the entire 
    industry, as the characteristics of valves that are more likely to leak 
    at one facility may not be the same at another facility.
        Some additional records and items to include in the periodic 
    reports are necessary for this program to ensure compliance. These 
    records and reporting items consist essentially of recording which 
    valves are initially assigned to each subgroup, which valves have 
    subsequently been reassigned, and the results of the semiannual 
    performance checks. The burden associated with retaining these records 
    and making these reports is far outweighed by the savings in reduced 
    monitoring.
        The other aspect of the valve program is the ability to earn longer 
    monitoring periods with good performance. The HON currently allows a 
    series of extended monitoring periods based on improved performance, 
    culminating with an annual monitoring period for process units with 
    less than 0.5 percent leaking valves. The CAR equipment leaks subpart 
    introduces an additional 2-year monitoring period for process units 
    with less than 0.25 percent leaking valves. This extended monitoring 
    period would be available to valves whether or not the owner or 
    operator chooses to use the alternative subgrouping program for 
    compliance. Since 0.25 percent of a typical valve population (either a 
    process unit under the base monitoring program or a subgroup under the 
    CAR alternative monitoring program) is a very small number of leaking 
    valves, EPA considers this change a logical extension of the original 
    monitoring periods specified in the HON. Furthermore, it has the 
    potential to substantially reduce monitoring costs without increasing 
    long-term emissions to the environment.
    Revised Monitoring Program for Connectors
        Another major difference between the CAR and the referencing 
    subparts is the approach taken to control equipment leak emissions from 
    connectors. The HON is the only referencing subpart with connector 
    monitoring provisions, but the CAR's approach to connector monitoring 
    requires much less frequent monitoring for SCUs with good performance 
    histories.
        For connectors, as for valves, the monitoring periods have been 
    extended. The HON is the only referencing subpart that specifies 
    periodic monitoring for connectors, and it contains provisions for 
    extending the monitoring period to once every 4 years if the percentage 
    of leaking connectors is less than 0.5 percent. The CAR extends the HON 
    concept to an 8-year monitoring period for process units with less than 
    0.25 percent leaking connectors, while introducing connector monitoring 
    to sources previously complying with the sensory monitoring 
    requirements of 40 CFR part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    VV. This approach for connectors applies on an SCU basis; subgrouping 
    similar to the alternative valve monitoring program is not allowed.
        The EPA believes that the extended 8-year monitoring period is 
    warranted for connectors which can achieve and maintain a leak rate of 
    less than 0.25 percent. The lower threshold will forbid any poorly 
    performing connectors from qualifying. In addition, connectors are 
    static pieces of equipment without any moving parts. They are much less 
    likely to leak than dynamic pieces of equipment like pumps and valves.
        As a safeguard built into the provisions allowing an 8-year 
    monitoring frequency, the CAR requires at least half of the connectors 
    to be monitored within the first 4 years. The process unit must have 
    less than 0.35 percent leaking connectors to remain in the 8-year 
    program; failing the percent leak criteria means the owner or operator 
    must monitor the rest of the values within the next 6 months. The 
    result of this monitoring will then determine the new monitoring 
    period. The 0.35 percent criterion was selected so that, if 0.35 
    percent (or more) of the first half of the connectors leak, the overall 
    connector population will be monitored, and the overall results will be 
    used to determine the monitoring frequency.
        The changes for valves and connectors introduce concepts designed 
    not only to significantly reduce the burden of complying with equipment 
    leak inspections but also to maintain environmental protection. The EPA 
    believes that the safeguards incorporated into the new programs for 
    valves and connectors are sufficient to meet both of these goals.
    CAR Structure
        Some of the improvement to the CAR subpart F entails restructuring 
    with the intent to isolate and emphasize the different provisions in a 
    manner more consistent with typical plant operation. For example, 
    monitoring for leaks and leak repair are presented separately because 
    the personnel at a plant site responsible for these two activities are 
    not necessarily the same. In addition to creating a ``user-friendly'' 
    format, the other goal of restructuring is to avoid repetition of 
    requirements. Equipment
    
    [[Page 57775]]
    
    identification provisions, for example, are presented once rather than 
    duplicated for each equipment type discussed.
        In general, the equipment leaks subpart of the CAR is structured in 
    the following manner. Provisions common to all equipment types (such as 
    equipment identification, monitoring for leaks, and leak repair) are 
    consolidated and presented once, at the beginning of the subpart. 
    Following these provisions are component-by-component standards (for 
    example, for valves and for pumps). After the standards sections, the 
    subpart contains alternatives for batch units and for enclosed process 
    units as well as recordkeeping and reporting requirements for all 
    equipment.
        The general benefit of this structure is that plant personnel need 
    to be familiar with only the portions of the subpart that affect them. 
    Personnel responsible only for component repair, for example, can refer 
    to two or three sections in the subpart and do not have to read all of 
    the sections. A discussion of some of the more specific benefits of 
    structure improvements follows.
        Two sections have been created through restructuring: ``Instrument 
    and Sensory Monitoring for Leaks'' and ``Leak Repair.'' This 
    restructuring is intended to more closely relate the structure of the 
    equipment leaks subpart to the way plants are configured and operated. 
    The referencing subparts contain the leak detection and repair 
    provisions for each type of component within the section for that 
    component. EPA believes that significant consolidation and 
    simplification can be achieved by combining the leak detection and leak 
    repair provisions into one set of provisions, since they are very 
    similar or identical for the different types of components. Instrument 
    leak detection procedures are the same across the components, including 
    the method used, calibration, monitoring procedure, and leak 
    identification.
        The same is true for leak repair procedures. All of the referencing 
    subparts include provisions for repair within 15 days (first attempt 
    within 5 days), removal of leak identification, delay of repair, and 
    recordkeeping. Many of the CAR's recordkeeping provisions are contained 
    in the new leak detection and repair sections because the personnel 
    detecting and repairing the leaks are generally the same ones who 
    create and maintain the records. Only leak detection and repair 
    specific to individual components or situations are retained in the 
    individual sections addressing those components.
        An additional restructuring was achieved by creating a parallel 
    construction for the equipment component sections which have similar 
    types of provisions. The standards for valves, pumps, connectors, 
    agitators, pressure relief devices in liquid service, and 
    instrumentation systems are broken into parallel paragraphs addressing 
    compliance schedule, leak detection, percent leaking component 
    calculations, and leak repair, where these provisions are applicable. 
    Any special provisions for that component follow the standardized 
    paragraphs. A consistent structure for these sections enables the owner 
    or operator to more easily understand the requirements for each 
    component and facilitate the owner or operator's compliance activities.
        For consistency and clarity, all owners or operators controlling 
    equipment leak emissions with closed-vent systems and control devices 
    or by routing to a process or to a fuel gas system are also subject to 
    subpart G of the CAR. Subpart F of the CAR specifies 95 percent or 
    greater control efficiency for control devices before referring all 
    three of these compliance options to subpart G. Subpart G then provides 
    the consistent, consolidated procedures for the control device or 
    routing emissions to a process or fuel gas system.
    Clarifications and Improvements From the HON
        In addition to consolidating primarily on the HON requirements, the 
    CAR makes some significant clarifications, changes, and improvements to 
    the HON provisions. These issues, some of which also constitute changes 
    for sources referenced from the other two equipment leaks referencing 
    subparts, are discussed in more detail below. This section discusses 
    changes to provisions taken from the HON. In cases where the HON and 
    the non-HON requirements are substantially identical, the discussion in 
    this section is equally applicable to all three referencing subparts. 
    When the discussion applies to all three equipment leak referencing 
    subparts instead of only the HON, the discussion is specially noted.
        Identification of subject equipment has been simplified for all 
    sources complying with the CAR. It is not necessary to individually 
    identify each piece of equipment, as long as equipment subject to the 
    CAR can be distinguished from other equipment through means of a plant 
    site plan, log entries, process unit boundaries, or another method. 
    This does not preclude the use of individual equipment identification, 
    but it does offer flexibility and the opportunity for burden reduction 
    as a source does not have to track a complex numbering scheme for 
    compliance. For example, the CAR simplifies identification of 
    connectors by allowing them to be identified by grouping or area. 
    Closed-vent systems and control devices, pressure relief devices, and 
    instrumentation systems must be identified, but the CAR provisions do 
    not specify particular formats. The referencing subparts, on the other 
    hand, require lists of identification numbers for individual pieces of 
    equipment; the CAR is more flexible and thus reduces the recordkeeping 
    burden. Such flexibility, however, does not relieve an owner or 
    operator's responsibility for the ability to locate components at the 
    plant site.
        Regarding unsafe-to-monitor or difficult-to-monitor equipment, the 
    HON requires owners or operators to develop a written plan for 
    monitoring the equipment, but does not explicitly require the 
    monitoring. The CAR clarifies that monitoring of the equipment is 
    required according to the written plan that is developed.
        The CAR clarifies that compressors designated as operating with an 
    instrument reading less than 500 ppm, as well as pressure relief 
    devices, are subject to a performance standard as opposed to a work 
    practice standard with respect to instrument monitoring. Thus, if a 
    compressor is monitored using Method 21 and an instrument reading of 
    500 ppm or greater is detected, it is a violation of the standard. If a 
    pressure relief device is monitored 5 days after a pressure release and 
    an instrument reading of 500 ppm or greater is detected, it is also a 
    violation of the standard. These are clarifications, not changes, from 
    the HON.
        The CAR maintains the HON provisions with respect to the monitoring 
    instrument specifications and calibration procedure. However, the CAR 
    includes provisions for adjusting instrument readings for instruments 
    that cannot meet the Method 21 performance criteria. The CAR also 
    allows calibration with gases other than methane or n-hexane where the 
    instrument does not respond to either of these compounds.
        Provisions in all three referencing subparts require monitoring 
    only when equipment is in regulated material service, in service of an 
    acceptable surrogate VOC, or in service of any other detectable 
    material. The CAR does not include the ``acceptable surrogate VOC'' 
    phrase because it is redundant and confusing in relation to ``any other 
    detectable material.''
        As discussed earlier in this section, the HON and the CAR allow 
    owners or operators to monitor valves and
    
    [[Page 57776]]
    
    connectors less frequently when the percentage of leaking components is 
    low. Monitoring data collected prior to implementation of a referencing 
    subpart can be used to qualify initially for less frequent monitoring, 
    even if the data were obtained with minor departures from the CAR's 
    monitoring procedures and methods. The CAR further clarifies the 
    original HON language by indicating that (1) earlier data may be used 
    only for initial qualification, and (2) this provision includes 
    initially qualifying for annual monitoring. The original HON language 
    was unclear whether older data could be used all the time, and whether 
    old data could be used to qualify initially for annual monitoring. Both 
    CAR clarifications are consistent with EPA's determination of the 
    original HON intent.
        The CAR clarifies language dealing with repair of leaks. Leaks must 
    be repaired within 15 days of detection, unless the leak qualifies for 
    delay of repair. Provisions in all three referencing subparts allow for 
    delay of repair ``* * * if the repair is technically infeasible without 
    a process unit shutdown.'' This language potentially discourages any 
    attempts at repair between the 15th day after detection and the next 
    process unit shutdown, since a successful repair within that period 
    would then disqualify one from the original delay of repair. Some 
    equipment leaks legitimately qualify for delay of repair, yet they can 
    be repaired after the 15-day repair deadline and before the next 
    process unit shutdown. These repairs can be effected by continued 
    repeat attempts over time until the leak is repaired. In order to 
    eliminate the potential disincentive to attempt repair of leaks after 
    the fifteenth day, the CAR revises the wording of this provision to 
    state that delay of repair is allowed if repair ``within 15 days after 
    a leak is detected'' is technically infeasible without a process 
    shutdown.
        The CAR adds some flexibility for calculation of percent leaking 
    valves by allowing the calculation for either a single process unit or 
    a group of process units. Owners or operators must commit to one of 
    these approaches by their CAR implementation date, and perform all 
    subsequent percent leaking calculations on the same basis. The basis 
    may be changed through revision of the operating permit or other 
    appropriate notification.
        The CAR also simplifies the calculation procedure by not 
    incorporating a partial credit for removed valves. Industry 
    representatives indicated that this credit was little used and overly 
    complicated the equation. The simplified equation, along with the 
    reduction in burden associated with the alternative monitoring programs 
    and the extended monitoring periods, outweighs any negative aspects of 
    not including the complex procedures necessary to use the credit for 
    removed valves.
        Another complicated procedure from the HON was not incorporated 
    into the CAR. In order to provide a credit for removed and allowed 
    nonrepairable connectors, the HON contains multiple equations for 
    determining the percent leaking connectors and contains complicated 
    recordkeeping and testing provisions. Based on industry comment that 
    these credits complicated the procedures, added recordkeeping burden, 
    and were seldom used, the EPA decided not to include them in the CAR.
        The CAR does not incorporate the valve quality improvement program 
    (QIP) found in the HON. The goals of the QIP and of the CAR's 
    subgrouping procedures are the same--to focus attention and effort on 
    poorly performing valves. Owners and operators are expected to be able 
    to subgroup their valves such that valves with continuing problems will 
    be re-assigned into a single subgroup (which will likely be subject to 
    quarterly or monthly monitoring). The additional focus and financial 
    incentives for improvement inherent in the CAR make the QIP for valves 
    unnecessary.
        The pump section has also been improved and clarified. The CAR 
    clarifies that documentation of weekly visual checks need only include 
    a record that the check was conducted; pump-by-pump documentation is 
    not required. The CAR also clarifies what constitutes leak repair when 
    indications of liquid dripping are observed during the visual 
    inspection. ``Repaired'' in this situation means that the indications 
    of liquid dripping have been eliminated. In addition, an owner or 
    operator may show that the liquids dripping are not process fluid (for 
    example, the liquids dripping are condensate).
        The CAR replaces the term ``agitator'' with ``agitator seal'' to 
    more accurately convey the intent of the requirement. The agitator 
    itself is not subject to leaking; rather, the agitator seal is subject 
    to leaking.
        The CAR incorporates the HON's alternative provisions for batch 
    processes and modifies these provisions to allow additional flexibility 
    regarding the required use of pressure measurement devices. The HON 
    requires a device with a precision of 2.5 millimeters of 
    mercury in the range of the test pressure and the capability to measure 
    pressures as high as the relief set pressure of the pressure relief 
    device. Under the CAR, when such a device is not reasonably available, 
    owners and operators may use an alternative pressure measurement device 
    if the duration of the test is extended as specified.
    Significant Changes From the Non-HON Equipment Leak Referencing 
    Subparts
        This section summarizes the significant differences between the 
    equipment leak provisions of 40 CFR part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 
    60, subpart VV and those of the CAR. Some of the changes that are also 
    clarifications and improvements from the HON are discussed in the 
    preceding section.
        The CAR's equipment leaks provisions do not apply to equipment in 
    vacuum service. While 40 CFR part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart VV require a record of equipment in vacuum service, the CAR 
    follows the approach in the HON and does not specify this record. Also, 
    the CAR exempts equipment that is intended to be in regulated material 
    service less than 300 hours per calendar year, as the HON does. 
    Although there is an identification record associated with this 
    exemption, having the exemption is a net burden reduction for 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV sources complying 
    with the CAR.
        The CAR also incorporates the HON clarification that equipment not 
    containing process fluids is not subject to the equipment leak 
    provisions. When 40 CFR part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, subpart 
    VV were drafted, rules typically did not explicitly state what did not 
    apply. These non-HON equipment leak referencing subparts are intended 
    to apply only to equipment containing process fluids; the rules do not, 
    however, explicitly exempt equipment that does not contain process 
    fluids. Since the drafting of these rules, the EPA's philosophy has 
    shifted and this explicit clarification from the HON has been used in 
    the CAR.
        Provisions regarding alternative means of emission limitation were 
    consolidated into one set of requirements. The CAR requires public 
    notice in the Federal Register if the Administrator approves an 
    alternative means of emission limitation. This public notice is not 
    specifically required in 40 CFR part 61, subpart V, but public notice 
    is required by section 112 of the Act.
        Sources subject to the non-HON equipment leak referencing subparts 
    would benefit from the general identification requirements of the CAR, 
    which allow whatever identification scheme makes the most sense at a 
    given
    
    [[Page 57777]]
    
    facility. However, the CAR introduces some new component-specific 
    identification provisions for these sources, such as special 
    identifications for pressure relief devices or instrumentation systems. 
    The CAR language provides a net burden decrease associated with 
    equipment identification.
        Although 40 CFR part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV 
    include procedures that are considered to comprise first attempt at 
    repair for leaking valves, these subparts do not contain parallel 
    procedures for first attempt at repair for leaking pumps. HON language 
    is used in the CAR to clarify what is meant by first attempt at repair 
    for pumps.
        An additional burden reduction and clarification is achieved by 
    incorporating the HON definition of ``repair'' with the leak repair 
    requirements. Both 40 CFR part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart VV require valve monitoring for two successive months before 
    the leaking valve identification can be removed. The CAR follows the 
    HON language and allows the removal of the identification after the 
    valve is ``repaired,'' which by definition includes follow-up 
    monitoring.
        The CAR also adopts the HON provisions for records of delay of 
    repair, allowing owners and operators to develop written procedures for 
    delay of repair and to simply cite relevant sections of their written 
    procedures as the record of reason for delay. In addition, the CAR 
    includes the HON's exemption for unsafe-to-repair connectors.
        Provisions contained in the CAR for connectors are taken from the 
    HON. These include periodic instrument monitoring with a leak 
    definition of 500 ppm; less frequent monitoring for good performance; 
    special provisions for difficult-to-monitor or unsafe-to-monitor 
    connectors; and exemptions from monitoring, recordkeeping, and 
    reporting requirements for inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined 
    connectors.
        For sampling connection systems, the CAR contains flexible language 
    from the HON allowing purged process fluid to be collected, stored, and 
    transported to one of several systems or facilities. One option from 
    the HON [transporting the purged process fluid to a National Pollutant 
    Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Group 1 wastewater stream or to an 
    NPDES-permitted facility] is allowed in the CAR for HON sources only. 
    As explained in more detail in section XI, sources subject to 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V cannot be eligible for this option because the 
    option requires an absence in the stream of particular organic HAP 
    listed on table 9 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G; however, any source 
    subject to 40 CFR part 61, subpart V will contain benzene or vinyl 
    chloride, two of the compounds listed in table 9. This option is not 
    allowed for sources subject to 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV because 
    purged materials for these sources may contain VOC species which are 
    not HAP, and thus, were not evaluated along with the organic HAP 
    species when the option was developed for the HON.
    
    G. Closed-Vent Systems, Control Devices, and Routing to a Fuel Gas 
    System or a Process
    
        Subpart G of the CAR addresses the closed-vent system control 
    devices, and routing vent streams to fuel gas systems or process 
    equipment. Subpart G consolidates requirements from all of the storage 
    vessel, process vent, transfer rack, and equipment leak referencing 
    subparts (including the general provisions and continuous process vent 
    provisions from 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD).
        Subpart D of the CAR does not consolidate the process vent 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD with those of 40 CFR part 60, 
    subparts III, NNN, RRR and the HON because these subparts differ in 
    terms of the applicability criteria for control. Subpart DDD of 40 CFR 
    part 60 differs from the NSPS and the HON in that it does not use TRE 
    index value, flow, or concentration to determine if control is required 
    for the vent. Also, subpart DDD does not have provisions included in 
    the NSPS and the HON requiring monitoring for vents that are not 
    required to be controlled. The control requirements for subpart DDD 
    process vents, however, are essentially identical to those in 40 CFR 
    part 60, subparts III, NNN, RRR, and the HON and were able to be 
    consolidated in subpart G of the CAR.
        The EPA has significantly restructured these provisions from all of 
    the referencing subparts. Table 3 summarizes the sections of subpart G 
    of the CAR. After short applicability, definition, and standards 
    sections (Secs. 65.140 to 65.142), subpart G is organized as follows: 
    Secs. 65.143 to 65.156 addresses the requirements for equipment, 
    operating, performance tests (or compliance determinations for flares) 
    and monitoring for closed-vent systems, for routing to a fuel gas 
    system or process, and for each type of recovery or control device 
    specified in the referencing subparts (for example, flares, 
    incinerators, absorber); Secs. 65.157 to 65.158 addresses performance 
    test and flare compliance determination requirements and procedures; 
    and Secs. 65.159 to 65.165 addresses data handling, CPMS, 
    recordkeeping, and reporting requirements for closed-vent systems, 
    recovery and control devices, and routing to a fuel gas system or 
    process.
    
                Table 3.--Structure of 40 CFR Part 65, Subpart G
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 Section                              Content
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    65.140..........................  Applicability.
    65.141..........................  Definitions
    65.142..........................  Standards (roadmap to subpart G).
    65.143..........................  Closed-vent systems requirements.
    65.144..........................  Routing to fuel gas systems and
                                       processes.
    65.145-.........................  Control and recovery devices
    65.155                             requirements
    65.156..........................  General monitoring requirements
    65.157-.........................  Performance test and flare compliance
    65.158                             determination requirements and
                                       procedures.
    65.159-.........................  Data handling and recordkeeping.
    65.163
    65.164-.........................  Notifications and reports.
    65.166
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        The standard section, Sec. 65.142 of subpart G of the CAR, acts as 
    a roadmap to subpart G. All of the CAR subparts reference a specific 
    paragraph of Sec. 65.142. These paragraphs outline the specific 
    sections of subpart G that apply to a given situation.
        In addition to the overall restructuring, the individual device 
    sections (Secs. 65.145--65.155) are organized in the same general 
    manner: sections begin with a discussion of equipment and operating 
    requirements, are followed by paragraphs discussing flare compliance 
    determinations or performance test requirements, and conclude with 
    paragraphs discussing monitoring requirements. This makes it easier to 
    find specific information on the device of interest.
        A number of decisions were made by EPA in the consolidation of 
    these provisions. These decisions are discussed below in subsections 
    that are in the order that they appear in subpart G of the CAR. 
    Decisions made in the consolidation of subpart G provisions on 
    monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions associated with 
    closed-vent systems, control and recovery devices, and routing to a 
    fuel gas system of a process are discussed in section VI.H.
    Closed-Vent Systems
        The language in the HON provides the basis for language in subpart 
    G. The primary change to the HON closed-vent
    
    [[Page 57778]]
    
    system language is the restructuring to meet the format used elsewhere 
    in the CAR. That is, in this case, to separate the provisions into 
    equipment and operating requirements (including by-pass monitoring), 
    inspection requirements, inspection procedures, and leak repair 
    provisions. Specific clarifications to the HON language are discussed 
    below.
        Clarifying improvements were made to the consolidated closed-vent 
    system inspection procedures. For example, the HON requires that the 
    calibration gas be no more than 2000 ppm higher than the leak 
    definition. This requirement in the HON is given in a generic section, 
    to apply to various leak definitions. Since the leak definition for 
    closed-vent systems is 500 ppmv, the CAR specifies a calibration gas 
    concentration limit of 2500 ppm for multiscale instruments for closed-
    vent systems. In addition, the HON requires that an instrument response 
    factor, if used, to be based on the mathematical average response 
    factor for the given process fluid. Since the process fluid composition 
    can vary considerably, EPA reduced the burden of this provision in the 
    CAR by specifying the response factor be based on a representative 
    response factor, which could apply to a family of process fluids. This 
    avoids numerous response factor calculations for process fluids that 
    are only marginally different in composition.
        The CAR does not adopt a HON requirement to inspect storage vessel 
    closed-vent systems during filling of the vessel. Pressure in a storage 
    vessel closed-vent system, and therefore potential leaks of regulated 
    material, is not a function of filling, since storage vessels are 
    designed to relieve at low pressures. This requirement is not found in 
    any of the other referencing subparts.
        The HON transfer operations has a provision that repairs must be 
    made no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected or at 
    the beginning of the next transfer loading operation. The EPA decided, 
    as a clarification, to extend this concept to all emission points, that 
    is, that repair can be extended longer than 15 days if the closed-vent 
    system is not in use. The proposed CAR requires repair no later than 15 
    calendar days or at the beginning of the next introduction of vapors to 
    the system.
        Several aspects of the HON that are adopted in the CAR provide 
    clarity and, in some cases, burden reductions, relative to the other 
    referencing subparts. A summary of the significant changes from the 
    other referencing subparts follows.
        The CAR clarifies that closed-vent systems must be operating at all 
    times when emissions are vented to them. Although this requirement is 
    explicitly stated in 40 CFR part 60, subparts VV and DDD, and 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V it is only implied in the other referencing subparts 
    that it is necessary to have the closed-vent system in operation when 
    emissions are vented to it. The requirement derives from the general 
    provisions requirements in each part to `` * * * operate and maintain 
    any affected facility, including associated air pollution control 
    equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control 
    practices * * * '' Also, a similar requirement for control devices is 
    stated in many rules. Explicitly stating the requirement improves all 
    the rules by making the compliance requirements clear.
        For equipment in a closed-vent system that can divert the stream 
    away from the control device and to the atmosphere, the owner or 
    operator is required to either (1) install, maintain, and operate a 
    flow indicator that takes a reading at least every 15 minutes, or (2) 
    to secure the bypass line valve in the non-diverting position with a 
    car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. The HON exempts certain 
    equipment (pressure relief valves needed for safety purposes, low leg 
    drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents, and open-ended valves or 
    lines) from these requirements. The EPA has incorporated this exemption 
    into the CAR as a clarification for the non-HON referencing subparts.
        The closed-vent system provisions of 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, 
    and 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB require the owner or operator to car-
    seal open all inline valves in a closed-vent system (valves leading to 
    the control device). The other referencing subparts present this 
    requirement by specifying either flow indicators or car-sealed closed 
    valves on all lines diverting the stream away from the control device 
    and to the atmosphere. For consistency, the car-sealed closed or flow 
    indicator approach is followed in the CAR.
        The CAR requires bypass monitoring. Instead of bypass monitoring 
    for lines that can divert the vapors in a closed-vent system away from 
    the control device to the atmosphere, 40 CFR part 60, subparts III and 
    NNN contain process vent flow monitoring provisions prior to the 
    control device. The CAR does not allow this method of monitoring for 
    bypasses. The EPA decided that the methods used by the HON and many of 
    the other referencing subparts are more relevant. Monitoring the vent 
    flow does not ensure that bypasses are not taking place. Regulated 
    sources currently using flow monitors under 40 CFR part 60, subparts 
    III and NNN would have to switch to bypass monitoring in order to use 
    the CAR. Furthermore, this change will be a significant burden 
    reduction for many sources. Many process vents not subject to the HON 
    but subject to 40 CFR part 60, subparts III and NNN, are routed to 
    control devices subject to the HON through common closed-vent systems 
    which are subject to the HON. These vents can, under the CAR, perform 
    only the bypass monitoring requirements of the HON instead of also 
    having their vent flow measured under 40 CFR part 60, subparts III and 
    NNN.
        The language used in the closed-vent system inspection provisions 
    of the CAR are based on the more recent work practice approach of the 
    HON and 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV for closed-vent system inspections. 
    The requirement to ``operate with no detectable emissions'' as stated 
    in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb and 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y, and the 
    requirement of 40 CFR part 60, subpart Ka to ``collect all VOC vapors 
    and gases discharged from the storage vessel'' are not included in the 
    CAR. The EPA concluded that the HON work practice inspection language 
    was more specific and easier for enforcement and compliance, while 
    achieving the intent of the referencing subparts.
        The CAR also retains the distinction between hardpiping and 
    ductwork made in the HON and 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV closed-vent 
    system inspection provisions. Hardpiping and ductwork have different 
    leak inspection requirements. This distinction does not exist in 40 CFR 
    part 61, subparts V, Y and BB. Also, HON provisions covering situations 
    where it is unsafe or difficult to inspect the closed-vent system were 
    applied to the CAR.
    Fuel Gas Systems and Processes
        Fuel gas systems consist of piping and control systems that gather 
    gaseous streams and return them to combustion devices for use as fuel 
    gas. For such systems, the CAR adopted the equipment and operating 
    requirements as well as compliance determination procedures from the 
    HON.
        The EPA reasoned that the explicit HON provisions for routing 
    emissions to a process or to a fuel gas system should be allowed in the 
    CAR when the owner or operator chooses or is required to comply with 
    storage vessel, transfer, or equipment leak control requirements. The 
    emission point types covered by the HON are the same as those covered 
    by the referencing subparts. While developing the HON, EPA determined
    
    [[Page 57779]]
    
    that routing emissions to a fuel gas system or process provides 
    sufficient control, in most cases in excess of 98 percent reduction. 
    None of the non-HON referencing subparts explicitly allowed this 
    option. (See 61 FR 43703, August 26, 1996, for further discussion of 
    this issue.)
        Note that the option of routing to a fuel gas system or to a 
    process is not provided for process vents in the CAR, since, based on 
    the CAR's definition of process vents, these vent streams are not 
    considered to be process vents unless or until they are vented to the 
    atmosphere.
    Non-Flare Control Devices for Storage Vessels and Low-Throughput 
    Transfer Racks
        The HON was used as the basis for the CAR language for this 
    section. The structure is similar to the other sections of subpart G 
    with an equipment and operating requirements, a design evaluation or 
    performance test requirements, and a monitoring requirement paragraph. 
    Although the language is based on the HON, it is important to note that 
    this section represents a consolidation of HON storage vessel and HON 
    low-throughput transfer rack provisions. Low-throughput transfer racks 
    are racks that transfer less than a total of 11.8 million liters per 
    year of liquid containing regulated materials.
        The storage vessel and HON low-throughput transfer rack provisions 
    are very similar. The only differences are: (1) the HON storage vessel 
    provisions require a design evaluation and the HON transfer provisions 
    allow a choice between a design evaluation or performance test; and (2) 
    the low-throughput transfer rack provisions in the HON require the 
    monitoring parameters and ranges to be identified, as does the HON 
    storage vessel provision, but it also requires specific monitoring 
    devices to be installed depending on the control device being used.
        The CAR allows a choice of a design evaluation or performance test 
    for both storage vessels and transfer racks. The EPA reasoned that a 
    performance test could be used in place of a design evaluation since it 
    is more definitive than a design evaluation in many cases. The CAR 
    clarifies the HON transfer monitoring provisions by consolidating the 
    provisions of the HON storage vessels. Also, EPA clarifies in the CAR 
    that when a performance test is conducted the facility can specify the 
    parameters to be monitored and their appropriate ranges. Continuous 
    monitoring is not required for either storage vessels or transfer racks 
    unless this is specifically required in the monitoring plan which 
    identifies the parameters to be monitored and the monitoring range. 
    This is as required in the HON storage vessel provisions and a 
    clarification to the transfer rack provisions.
        The storage vessel subparts, 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb and 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart Y, do not allow for a performance test instead of a 
    design evaluation, so the CAR provides a flexibility that was 
    previously unavailable in these rules. The performance test/design 
    evaluation options are summarized below:
        (1) The owner or operator may choose to do a design evaluation 
    instead of a performance test to set the monitoring parameters. The 
    requirements for determining the monitoring parameters were taken from 
    the HON--the owner or operator chooses the parameters, the ranges, and 
    the monitoring frequency based on site-specific information, 
    manufacturer's specifications, engineering judgment, or other 
    significant information.
        (2) The owner or operator may vent to a shared control device that 
    must comply with the performance testing requirements of the CAR. The 
    requirements for this case are taken from the HON. There are minimal 
    records and reports for this case, because the facility is already 
    keeping records and submitting reports for the other emission point 
    that shares the control device. The EPA reasoned that requiring just 
    the performance test instead of the design evaluation would be 
    acceptable, as the performance test provides the information necessary 
    to assure the control device can perform at the level needed to meet 
    the standard.
        (3) The owner or operator may choose to do a performance test 
    instead of a design evaluation. This is the new option under the CAR; 
    it is not contained in any of the referencing subparts except for the 
    HON transfer rack provisions. This option applies the provisions for 
    determining parameter ranges as described in the option for storage 
    vessels and low-throughput transfer racks conducting a design 
    evaluation on a non-shared control device (option 1).
        Subpart BB of 40 CFR part 61 does not provide for a design 
    evaluation instead of performance test for low-throughput transfer 
    racks. The EPA reasoned that performance tests should not be required 
    for subpart BB low-throughput transfer racks for the same reason that 
    they are not required for HON low-throughput transfer racks. At this 
    low level of throughput it is difficult to organize a performance test 
    because of the infrequent loading of tank trucks or railcars. (See 
    Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Process Units in the Synthetic 
    Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry--Background Information for 
    Final Standards. Volume 2A: Comments on Process Vents, Storage Vessels, 
    Transfer Operations, and Equipment Leaks. Final IS. EPA-453/R-94-003a. 
    pp 4-13--4-14.) Also, EPA recognizes that many of the subpart BB 
    transfer racks at a SOCMI facility will be subject to the HON. 
    Therefore, this provision is already available to these subpart BB 
    transfer racks.
        Subpart Ka of 40 CFR part 60 requires submission of a monitoring 
    plan for control devices (including flares), but it contains no 
    requirements to monitor per the plan or to report. The CAR storage 
    vessel non-flare control device provisions are more prescriptive than 
    the subpart Ka provisions, but EPA believes that there are very few 
    subpart Ka storage vessels using closed-vent systems and control 
    devices for compliance. In the spirit of consolidation, and noting that 
    the CAR is a compliance alternative, the design evaluation and 
    compliance determination provisions are based on the HON language.
        Provisions in the HON, 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb, and 40 CFR part 
    61, subpart Y, all provide the equivalent of a design evaluation in the 
    case where storage vessel vapors are controlled by a non-flare control 
    device. The CAR language, as based on the HON, has several details 
    required in the design evaluation that are not required in subparts Kb 
    and Y. Specifically these details pertain to information that must be 
    included in the design evaluation given the type of device. For 
    instance, the CAR specifies for enclosed combustors that, if 
    applicable, the design evaluation must include the autoignition 
    temperature of the stream being combusted, the flow rate, the 
    combustion temperature and the residence time. The CAR also specifies 
    the information required for carbon adsorbers and condensers. Subparts 
    Kb and Y do not contain these details. The EPA is requiring these 
    details in the CAR because these are the pieces of information that 
    would be contained in a design evaluation whether it be for a HON or 
    subpart Kb or Y storage vessel. By specifying these as requirements, 
    the CAR is clearer and will avoid miscommunications when design 
    evaluations are prepared.
        Subpart Kb of 40 CFR part 60 and 40 CFR part 61, subpart Y require 
    a minimum residence time of 0.75 seconds and a minimum temperature of
    
    [[Page 57780]]
    
    816 deg. C for enclosed combustion devices. Enclosed combustion devices 
    with temperature and residence time greater than or equal to these 
    minimums need only indicate in the documentation that this condition 
    exists and no other documentation is required. The CAR has the same 
    provision but uses a minimum temperature of 760 deg. C and a minimum 
    residence time of 0.5 seconds, as does the HON. The EPA chose the HON 
    values to incorporate in the CAR because it was determined under the 
    HON that these values are appropriate to obtain the necessary emissions 
    reduction. Also, by using the HON values, the enclosed combustors 
    meeting the minimums in subparts Kb and Y would also meet the minimums 
    under the HON.
        The requirement in 40 CFR part 60, subpart Kb and part 61, subpart 
    Y to include in the design evaluation report the manufacturer's design 
    specifications for the control device was not incorporated into the CAR 
    because most controls are not purchased as a package; other 
    requirements in the CAR will provide sufficient reports of the control 
    device specifications.
    Non-Flare Control Devices Used to Control Equipment Leaks
        A section of subpart G of the CAR contains the equipment, 
    operating, and monitoring requirements for non-flare control devices 
    used to control equipment leak emissions. Very similar language is used 
    in all three equipment leaks referencing subparts. This section 
    clarifies that a performance test is not required for control devices 
    used only to control emissions from equipment leaks.
        The requirement to operate the control device at all times when 
    emissions are vented to them is explicitly contained only in 40 CFR 
    part 60, subpart VV, but the requirement can be inferred for the other 
    subparts as outlined above in the general closed-vent system 
    discussion.
    Flares
        Equipment and operating provisions for flares are consolidated into 
    this section of the CAR from many referencing subparts, including the 
    general provisions from 40 CFR parts 60 and 63. The flare equipment and 
    operating requirements, flare compliance determination procedures, and 
    monitoring provisions are consolidated, as discussed below.
        The EPA identified that the HON requirement for pilot flame 
    monitoring could be read to call for monitoring of each pilot flame, 
    which was not the intent of the HON. The wording was clarified to 
    require a device capable of ``detecting that at least one pilot flame 
    is present.'' The EPA also decided that to increase the flexibility of 
    the rule, flare flame monitoring would be allowed as it is allowed in 
    40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD. Any outage of the flame or pilot flame 
    would be reportable under the CAR.
        The HON language is used in the CAR for clarification on performing 
    the Method 22 visible emission tests for flare compliance 
    determinations at transfer operations with loading cycles of less than 
    2 hours. The observation under Method 22 is required to extend for 2 
    hours. Under the CAR, the observation can be conducted for the complete 
    loading cycle for loading cycles less than 2 hours. Subpart BB of 40 
    CFR part 61 does not have this provision.
        The heating value formula for flares from 40 CFR part 60 general 
    provisions is used throughout the CAR because this equation is believed 
    to be the most prevalent in use. Using the part 60 general provisions 
    equation consolidates and clarifies the equations, which were presented 
    in the various referencing subparts with different terms, different 
    formats, and on different bases (wet or dry). The various equations, 
    however, all yield the same results if correctly applied, but the 
    different representations caused confusion. The heating value equation 
    for part 60 process vents, for example, was changed from a dry to a wet 
    basis to be identical to the part 60 general provisions equation. Note 
    that a ``D'' variable instead of a ``C'' variable for concentration is 
    used in this equation to distinguish net heating value concentration 
    from another concentration variable used in earlier equations in the 
    CAR.
        The CAR includes a requirement that is essentially the same as 
    provisions in 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD requiring flare flame or 
    pilot monitors to be operated during any flare compliance 
    determination. This is a common sense provision that is not explicitly 
    stated elsewhere, and it is included in the CAR for consistency and 
    clarity.
    Incinerators
        For the most part, the HON language was used as the basis for the 
    incinerator provisions in the CAR. Incinerator operating requirements 
    from 40 CFR part 60, subparts VV and DDD were used in the CAR to 
    explicitly require that incinerators shall be operated at all times 
    when emissions are vented to them. The actual part 60 requirements 
    specify that the incinerators shall be operated at all times when 
    emissions may be vented to them. This was clarified in the CAR to read 
    ``are vented to them'' because the part 60 requirement could be 
    interpreted to require continuous operation of the device even when not 
    receiving emissions. In addition, while this requirement is not 
    explicitly stated in the HON for incinerators, it is an implied general 
    control device requirement that the control device must be operating. 
    This provision has been added to all the control device sections but is 
    only mentioned here.
        In addition, a provision from the NSPS process vent rules (40 CFR 
    part 60, subparts DDD, III, NNN, and RRR) was included in the 
    incinerator section. This provision specifies what should be done if an 
    owner or operator decides to replace an existing control device with 
    another control device. The HON does not specify what should be done in 
    this case, and the NSPS language specifies that the notice be made 90 
    days before the change. The NSPS language was used in the CAR, but 
    modified to state that the notification of the change must only be made 
    prior to the change. This notification can be included in an amendment 
    to a title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, in a separate 
    notice that can be part of a periodic report. The addition of this 
    provision adds clarity. This provision was added to every control 
    device section but is only mentioned here.
        To clarify when initial performance tests are required, the CAR 
    added language regarding incinerator performance test requirements. The 
    HON language exempting an owner or operator from the requirement to 
    conduct a performance test if the incinerator burns hazardous waste and 
    meets the requirements of RCRA was included in the CAR for all sources 
    subject to performance test requirements. The EPA has determined that 
    these incinerators are adequately tested under the RCRA program. (61 FR 
    43708, August 26, 1996) This exemption also applies to design 
    evaluations and performance tests for storage vessels and low-
    throughput transfer racks and is included in the section of subpart G 
    regarding non-flare control devices used on storage vessels and low-
    throughput transfer racks.
    Boilers and Process Heaters
        Although the HON language for boiler and process heater 
    requirements was used for the basis of the requirements in the CAR, 40 
    CFR part 60, subparts DDD, III, NNN and 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB 
    contain essentially the same requirements for boilers (subpart RRR of 
    40 CFR part 60 contains requirements identical to the HON.) One 
    exception is
    
    [[Page 57781]]
    
    that some of the referencing subparts do not contain the exemptions 
    from performance tests and from monitoring for vents introduced as 
    primary fuel or for boilers or process heaters larger than 44 MW. An 
    exemption from performance testing and monitoring when the vent stream 
    is mixed with the primary fuel, or for boilers or process heaters 
    larger than 44 MW, was taken from the HON and included in the CAR. The 
    basis for this decision by EPA to allow these exemptions is contained 
    in Reactor Processes in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing 
    Industry--Background Information for Promulgated Standards (EPA-450/3-
    90-016b). This document explains that a vent stream introduced with the 
    primary fuel would be expected to have an emissions reduction greater 
    than 98 percent because temperatures are higher when the vent stream is 
    passed through the flame front. The EPA has also outlined in this 
    document that large boilers and process heaters are expected to achieve 
    an emission reduction greater than 98 percent. These exemptions also 
    apply to design evaluations and performance tests for storage vessels 
    and low-throughput transfer racks and is included in the section of 
    subpart G regarding non-flare control devices used on storage vessels 
    and low-throughput transfer racks.
        The requirement in 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB and in 40 CFR part 
    60, subparts DDD, III, and NNN for records to be kept of the periods of 
    boiler or process heater operation is not included in the CAR. The 
    record of boiler or process heater periods of operation is not 
    necessary as it is a safety hazard to introduce gas into an idle 
    combustion device. Therefore, vent streams are not expected to be 
    vented to the boiler or process heater unless the device is operating, 
    so a record of when the device is or is not operating is not needed.
    Absorbers, Condensers, and Carbon Adsorbers Used as Control or Final 
    Recovery Devices
        Subpart G of the CAR covers absorbers, condensers, and carbon 
    adsorbers in four sections of the subpart. Section 65.150 covers 
    absorbers as control devices, Sec. 65.151 covers condensers as control 
    devices, and Sec. 65.152 covers carbon adsorbers as control devices, 
    and Sec. 65.153 covers all three devices when they are used as final 
    recovery devices. The recovery device section (Sec. 65.153) is 
    specifically for devices that are used as final recovery devices on 
    Group 2A process vents. When these devices are used as control devices 
    (i.e., a recapture device on a Group 1 process vent, or a recovery or 
    recapture device on a transfer rack) Secs. 65.150 through 65.152 apply, 
    as applicable.
        Very few changes were made to the HON language for these devices, 
    except for the restructuring of provisions (discussed in sections IV.B 
    and VI.A of this preamble), the addition of the NSPS process vent 
    provision on changing control devices and the requirement to be 
    operating at all times when emissions are vented to them (both 
    discussed in this section under incinerators). Changes to the other 
    referencing subparts are discussed below.
        Subpart BB of 40 CFR part 61 for benzene transfer operations does 
    not contain provisions for condensers and absorbers. It does allow 
    carbon adsorbers equipped with organic monitoring devices to be used. 
    In the CAR, the absorber and condenser provisions are available for all 
    referencing subparts, including subpart BB.
        In addition, under 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB for benzene transfer 
    operations, only organic monitors could be used for determining 
    compliance with the standard when using a carbon adsorber. Under 40 CFR 
    60, subpart DDD, only organic monitors could be used for determining 
    compliance with the standard when using an absorber, condenser, or 
    carbon adsorber for control of a continuous process vent. In the CAR, 
    as in the HON, either an organic monitoring device or a regenerative 
    stream flow monitoring device is allowed for carbon adsorbers; an 
    organic monitoring device or a condenser exit temperature monitoring 
    device is allowed for condensers; and an organic monitoring device, or 
    a scrubbing liquid temperature monitoring device and a specific gravity 
    monitoring device is allowed for absorbers.
    Halogen Scrubbers and Other Halogen Reduction Devices
        Halogen reduction device requirements have been consolidated into 
    one section rather than listed in the individual control device 
    sections. These HON requirements have been included in the CAR for all 
    process vents and transfer operations. The other referencing subparts 
    did not have specific halogen vent stream requirements, so the CAR is 
    potentially introducing some additional requirements for halogenated 
    vent streams subject to the non-HON referencing subparts, if the owner 
    or operator chooses to comply with the CAR.
    Other Control Devices
        This section (Sec. 65.155) of subpart G outlines the requirements 
    for control devices other than those specified in Secs. 65.147 through 
    65.154. The CAR differs from 40 CFR part 60, subparts DDD, III, NNN, 
    and RRR in that more detail is given in the CAR on the information that 
    must be provided to the Administrator in order to obtain approval for 
    other devices. Under the NSPS, the Administrator specifies the 
    appropriate monitoring procedures for the device. Under the CAR, a plan 
    is submitted that includes the proposed monitoring, reporting, and 
    recordkeeping procedures. By providing more details on the information 
    to be submitted and by allowing the facility to propose monitoring, EPA 
    believes this will clarify the information needed and aid in 
    communication during the process of reviewing these plans.
        Subpart DDD of 40 CFR part 60 and 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB also 
    contain a general duty requirement that specifies that the facility 
    must ``provide the Administrator with information describing the 
    operation of the control device * * * that would indicate proper 
    operation and maintenance * * *'' for non-listed control devices. The 
    EPA did not include the general duty requirement in the CAR in favor of 
    the more specific monitoring requirements for non-listed control 
    devices from 40 CFR part 63, general provisions, and the HON.
        Under the CAR, approval authority for the monitoring recordkeeping, 
    and reporting requirements for other control devices is delegated to 
    the states as it is under the HON and part 61. Under the NSPS process 
    vent referencing subparts, this authority is not delegated. The 
    decision to delegate authority is consistent with state authority under 
    title V. The EPA considered that authority should be delegated for this 
    approval across all the rules in order to consolidate the provisions. 
    Also, many of the facilities subject to the NSPS process vent 
    referencing subparts are also subject to the HON, therefore the 
    authority would already be delegated to the States in many instances.
    
    H. Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting
    
        This section describes the CAR provisions from subpart G regarding 
    performance tests, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 
    requirements. These provisions are included in subpart G, rather than 
    in the general provisions, because they are specific requirements for 
    closed-vent systems, control and recovery devices,
    
    [[Page 57782]]
    
    and routing to a fuel gas system or process.
        Many significant differences exist between the CAR provisions on 
    monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting (which generally follow the HON 
    provisions), and these same provisions in the non-HON referencing 
    subparts. This section provides a brief description of the differences. 
    For a more complete discussion of the HON recordkeeping program see the 
    HON proposal preamble (57 FR 62608, December 31,1992), the promulgation 
    preamble (59 FR 19407, April 22, 1994), and the Background document at 
    promulgation (Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Process Units in 
    the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry--Background 
    Information for Final Standards, Volume 2E: Comments on Recordkeeping, 
    Reporting, Compliance and Test Methods, EPA-453/R-94-003e).
        Both the CAR and the part 60 and 61 subparts require monitoring of 
    the same control device operating parameters. However, the CAR requires 
    a site to justify and set site-specific operating parameter ranges for 
    control and recovery devices. The site can set the operating parameter 
    ranges to be the same as the NSPS established ranges. The control or 
    recovery device operating parameters are monitored and if the 
    monitoring results, on a daily average basis, fall outside the 
    parameter range, then there is an excursion and it must be reported. 
    The CAR allows one excused excursion before the excursion is considered 
    a violation. The HON allows six excused excursions in the first 
    semiannual reporting period (this would be in the first year of being 
    subject to the HON), five excused excursion in the second semiannual 
    reporting period, and so on, until one excused excursion is allowed in 
    the sixth and all subsequent semiannual reporting periods.
        The CAR provisions are different from the non-HON referencing 
    subparts where specific monitoring ranges are given in the rules 
    depending on the control or recovery device being used. In 40 CFR part 
    60 and 61, 3-hour averages are required of the monitored parameters. 
    These 3-hour averages are compared to the monitoring ranges specified 
    in the rules. If a 3-hour average is outside the range in the rule it 
    must be reported, and the out-of-range values may trigger the 
    Administrator to require another performance test. If the performance 
    test indicates that the control or recovery device is not performing at 
    the required level, the facility would be in violation.
        The CAR allows owners or operators to use the ranges from the non-
    HON referencing subparts as the operating parameter ranges for the 
    sources accustomed to those ranges; or, a source can justify a site-
    specific range. However, any excursions after the one excused excursion 
    would be considered a violation.
        One change made to these HON provisions in the CAR pertains to the 
    records of continuous monitors. In the HON, the owner or operator has 
    the option of maintaining a record of (1) each measured value, or (2) 
    block average value for intervals up to 15-minute averages. The CAR 
    also contains these options. In addition, a third option is given that 
    allows retention of hourly average data and the most recent three valid 
    hours of continuous records. The EPA decided to allow this option as a 
    burden reduction, because many computer systems currently in use in the 
    SOCMI industry only archive hourly data and ``over-write'' the raw data 
    every few hours, because of the massive amount of storage that would be 
    required to maintain records of data on a more frequent basis. Typical 
    SOCMI process computer systems handle thousands of data points, so that 
    even hourly records involve tens of thousands of data records each day. 
    The CAR alternative has been provided to allow use of these existing 
    systems without requiring installation of new computer systems or 
    parallel paper (strip chart) systems. The EPA felt it was necessary to 
    require the most recent three valid hours of records so that an 
    inspector would have the necessary data to determine whether averages 
    were correctly calculated. The EPA reasoned that 3 hours of data are 
    sufficient for checking on potential programming error. By requiring 
    the most recent 3 hours, the EPA ensures a randomness to the 3 hours of 
    data available to check. The CAR specifies valid hours because an 
    invalid hour of monitoring may not contain the necessary data for the 
    average verification. By providing for adequate data to demonstrate 
    that the hourly average is correctly calculated, no reduction in 
    compliance assurance is anticipated and very large initial and ongoing 
    costs for new recordkeeping systems are avoided for many SOCMI 
    facilities.
        The following paragraphs describe additional burden reductions and 
    clarification changes made in the monitoring, recordkeeping, and 
    reporting sections of subpart G.
    General Monitoring Requirements
        The CAR specifies which monitoring data must be kept and used for 
    compliance when a primary CPMS and a backup are being used. This 
    clarification is not explicit in parts 60 or 61.
        The CAR adopts the requirements from 40 CFR parts 61 and 63 general 
    provisions for the immediate repair or replacement of CPMS parts to 
    correct routine malfunctions. These requirements are not in the general 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 60. This requirement spells out good 
    practices as required under 40 CFR 60.11(d) and 60.13(e) and (f), 40 
    CFR part 60, subpart A.
        In addition to the provisions to request alternative monitoring and 
    recordkeeping procedures allowed under all referencing subparts, the 
    CAR, as does the HON, specifically allows nonautomated CPMS in certain 
    situations. Although nonautomated CPMS are allowed, the provisions do 
    require data to be collected, no less frequently than hourly. 
    Therefore, EPA believes that nonautomated CPMS would be a real option 
    only for facilities where the cost of automation would not be 
    justifiable. A small batch operation is an example where the cost may 
    not be justifiable.
    Performance Tests and Flare Compliance Determination Requirements
        The CAR allows 180 days to complete required performance tests, and 
    60 days to submit the report after the performance test. The general 
    provisions to part 60 allow up to 180 days and the General Provisions 
    to part 61 allow 90 days for conducting the performance test and 
    submitting the report. The General Provisions to part 63 allow 180 days 
    to conduct the performance test and 60 days to submit the report, while 
    the HON specifies 150 days to conduct the test. The EPA adopted the 
    time frame from the part 63 general provisions because it provides the 
    greatest amount of time to conduct the performance test and prepare the 
    report; this more expansive time frame is appropriate for the CAR, 
    given the potentially large number of performance tests and reports 
    that would need to be completed. The shorter length of time from part 
    61 would not be appropriate for the CAR because the CAR covers several 
    emission point types, and the shorter time frame could make the 
    organizing of the performance tests and the preparing of reports more 
    difficult.
        The referencing subparts do not clearly indicate what activities 
    must be performed during a performance test for a flare. The CAR does 
    not use the term ``performance test'' for flares; for the purposes of 
    distinction and clarity, the
    
    [[Page 57783]]
    
    CAR refers to ``flare compliance determinations.'' Some HON provisions 
    for performance tests should be included in the CAR's flare compliance 
    determination, but many should not. The provisions that do apply are 
    adopted from the performance test language in the HON, but are modified 
    to apply to flares. Examples of the provisions that apply to flare 
    compliance determinations are the provision that the Administrator may 
    require a flare compliance determination at any time and the provision 
    on flare compliance determination waivers. The EPA considers this a 
    clarification.
        The CAR excludes a provision from both 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB 
    and the HON that requires a closed-vent system routing emissions from a 
    transfer rack to a control device to be inspected prior to a 
    performance test being conducted. The inspection is a leak detection 
    inspection using Method 21. The EPA did not include this provision in 
    the CAR because the closed-vent system is already under the requirement 
    to be inspected initially and annually. This initial and periodic 
    inspection is sufficient to ensure that the closed-vent system does not 
    leak during the performance test. Also, closed-vent systems on other 
    types of emission points are not required to be inspected prior to a 
    performance test.
        Sources are not required to conduct a performance test to comply 
    with the CAR if a performance test has been conducted previously using 
    the same test method required by the CAR and under the same operating 
    conditions that currently exist. This exemption is not in any other 
    referencing subparts other than the HON.
        Additionally, the CAR allows performance tests and compliance 
    determinations to be waived through written request to the 
    Administrator if the Administrator determines that (1) the source is 
    being operated in continuous compliance, (2) the source is operating 
    under a compliance extension under 40 CFR part 63, or (3) the source is 
    operating under a compliance waiver under 40 CFR part 61.
    Performance Test Procedures
        The CAR specifies that each performance test will consist of three 
    separate runs using the applicable method; each run must be at least an 
    hour in duration; and compliance will be determined using the 
    arithmetic mean of the results of the three runs. This language is 
    taken from the general provisions for 40 CFR part 60. The HON has 
    similar language, but 40 CFR part 61 has no equivalent. Thus the CAR 
    clarifies the requirements for part 61 sources.
        The CAR requires that performance tests be conducted during 
    ``maximum representative operating conditions for the process.'' It 
    clarifies this requirement by specifying that, during the performance 
    test, the control device may be operated at maximum or minimum 
    representative operating conditions for monitored control device 
    parameters, whichever results in lower emission reduction. The general 
    provisions of 40 CFR parts 60 and 63 also require performance tests at 
    maximum capacity and at representative operating conditions of the 
    process. Subparts III, NNN, and RRR of 40 CFR part 60 require 
    performance tests to be conducted at ``* * * full operating conditions 
    and flow rates * * .'' The general provisions of 40 CFR part 61 require 
    the performance test to be run ``* * * under such conditions as the 
    Administrator shall specify * * *.'' None of the non-HON referencing 
    subparts, nor any of the general provisions, contain the additional 
    clarifying provisions that the control device may be operated under 
    maximum or minimum representative operating conditions, whichever 
    results in lower emission reduction. The CAR provisions represent the 
    intent of all of the referencing subparts and add some additional 
    clarity.
        For transfer racks, the CAR provides details on how a performance 
    test must be conducted for control devices capable of continuous vapor 
    processing and for intermittent vapor processing systems. Subpart BB of 
    40 CFR part 61 does not specify these details for transfer racks and 
    requires performance tests to be conducted over a complete loading 
    cycle. The explicit provisions of the CAR are useful for transfer racks 
    because loading a tank truck or railcar can take much longer than an 
    hour. For long loading cycles it makes sense to base the test run on 
    how the control device works instead of on the loading cycle.
        The CAR clarifies the performance test requirements for a boiler or 
    process heater with a design input capacity less than 44 MW that is 
    used as a control device. The CAR requires the inlet sampling site to 
    be located so that it measures the pollutant concentration in all vent 
    streams and primary and secondary fuels. Therefore, the percent 
    reduction is determined for all vent streams and primary or secondary 
    fuels. This clarification is not in 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, III, 
    or NNN.
        Subpart BB of 40 CFR part 61 allows the use of Method 25B to 
    determine concentration for calculating the percent reduction 
    efficiency. The CAR does not allow this method because Method 25B can 
    only be used when a primary constituent in the vent stream is assumed. 
    In a consolidated rule for SOCMI, an industry that varies significantly 
    on vent stream composition, a method that is not flexible can not be 
    specified. Method 25B can always be requested as an alternative method, 
    on a case-by-case basis.
        For combustion devices that do not use supplemental combustion air, 
    the CAR does not contain the provision in 40 CFR part 61, subpart DDD 
    which specifies that the concentration shall not be corrected to 3 
    percent oxygen when calculating the percent reduction or outlet 
    concentration. Rather, the CAR and all of the other referencing 
    subparts require the concentration to be corrected to 3 percent oxygen 
    for all combustion devices. The EPA requests comment on what effect 
    this may have on subpart DDD sources.
    Performance Test Records
        The CAR includes the requirement for records to be kept of the 
    location where a vent stream is introduced into a boiler or process 
    heater. However, the CAR does not include the requirement contained in 
    40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD to also keep these records for 
    incinerators. Subpart DDD is the only referencing subpart that has this 
    requirement. Incinerators are required to have performance tests and 
    continuous monitoring conducted. Conversely, boilers and process 
    heaters that have their vent stream introduced with the primary fuel 
    (in the flame zone) are not required to have performance tests or 
    continuous monitoring conducted. Therefore, it is not necessary to 
    locate where the vent stream is introduced in an incinerator for a 
    determination of compliance, because performance tests and continuous 
    monitoring are required. The EPA considers this a burden reduction.
        The CAR requires records of the percent reduction or pollutant 
    concentration to be determined at the outlet of the combustion device, 
    on a dry basis corrected to 3 percent oxygen. While 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart BB does not explicitly require that the percent reduction be 
    recorded for boilers less than 44 MW design input capacity, it is 
    generally understood that these records are required. The CAR therefore 
    clarifies the intent of subpart BB.
    Non-Flare Control and Recovery Device Monitoring Records
        The CAR reduces the requirements for CPMS calibration records by 
    requiring only those records that are necessary to
    
    [[Page 57784]]
    
    determine the accuracy of the readings. The CAR requires retention of 
    only the ``as found'' and ``as left'' readings whenever an adjustment 
    is made that will effect the CPMS reading, and a ``no adjustment'' 
    statement otherwise. Compared to referencing subpart language requiring 
    retention of ``all'' calibration records, the CAR language 
    significantly reduces the number of potential records that must be 
    retained and adds clarity to what is needed.
        Under the CAR, the option to use a data compression system for 
    control and recovery device data handling is allowed. Owners or 
    operators may request approval of an automated data compression 
    recording system that does not record values at a set frequency, but 
    records values that meet set criteria for variation from previously 
    recorded values. Under the 40 CFR parts 60 and 61 referencing subparts, 
    this data compression option was not previously offered. Although EPA 
    does not generally recommend expanding the application of this data 
    compression option until experience is gained with the impact of such 
    record-reduction systems on compliance determinations and enforcement, 
    this provision is extended in the CAR to 40 CFR parts 60 and 61 sources 
    to provide HON sources this flexibility, which was previously provided 
    to them, and to facilitate consolidation of the rules.
    Other Records
        Section 65.163 contains requirements for ``Other Records.'' Under 
    the CAR, closed-vent systems that contain bypass lines keep only hourly 
    records of flow indicator operation and diversion detection. Subpart 
    RRR of 40 CFR part 60 requires ``continuous records.'' The EPA 
    determined that continuous (i.e., 15-minute records) records are not 
    necessary to ensure compliance in this case, but rather continuous 
    monitoring with a record made once per hour indicating whether there 
    was flow (and therefore, bypass) at any monitored time within the hour. 
    Similarly, 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDD, RRR, and NNN require continuous 
    records of pilot flame monitoring results, while the CAR requires 
    hourly records like the HON and the 40 CFR parts 60 and 63 general 
    provisions flare requirements.
        The CAR does not include the provision from 40 CFR part 60, 
    subparts DDD and RRR and 40 CFR part 61, subpart BB, and the HON 
    transfer provisions that requires a description to be maintained of the 
    vent stream. The description must contain a schematic recording of all 
    valves and vent pipes that could vent the stream to the atmosphere. The 
    EPA decided that this record would not be required in the CAR because 
    of the burden associated with keeping a description with an up-to-date 
    schematic. These types of descriptions are difficult to keep up-to-date 
    because of the frequency with which the routing systems change. Also, 
    the facility can explain the system at an inspector's request with the 
    aid of other drawings, equipment leak records, and visually. An 
    inspector could also request this description to be provided at the 
    time of the inspection.
        The CAR incorporates language from the HON which recognizes unsafe 
    or difficult-to-inspect equipment in a closed-vent system which allows 
    less frequent monitoring of such equipment. This allowance is not in 40 
    CFR part 61, subpart V. The CAR therefore provides some flexibility in 
    dealing with this type of equipment.
        For car seals, the CAR requires monthly visual inspection with 
    records that indicate when a car-seal is broken. The 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart RRR requirement to record the serial numbers of car-seals and 
    to maintain this record when car-seals are replaced is not in the CAR. 
    Thus, the necessary record is whether a car-seal is broken and not 
    exactly which car-seals are in place. Not having to record the serial 
    numbers of all car-seals provides a burden reduction to subpart RRR 
    sources.
        When equipment leaks are detected in a closed-vent system, 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V and 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV require records of 
    information such as repair method, the signature of owner or operator, 
    and expected date of successful repair. These requirements are not 
    included in the CAR. In the spirit of consolidation, EPA considers that 
    the records specified in Sec. 65.163(a)(3) adequately document the 
    necessary information for leaking equipment. The required records are: 
    the instrument and the equipment identification number; the operator 
    name, initials, or identification number; the date the leak was 
    detected, the date of the first attempt at repair, the date of 
    successful repair of the leak; maximum instrument reading measured 
    after the leak is successfully repaired or determined to be 
    nonrepairable; the reason for a delay of repair, if there is a delay; 
    and copies of the periodic reports if records are not maintained on a 
    computerized database.
        The CAR includes requirements for records to be maintained of 
    locations where a vent stream is introduced into the boiler or process 
    heater, and of instances when this location is changed. This 
    requirement is also included in the referencing subparts. However, as a 
    burden reduction, the CAR does not contain the requirement in 40 CFR 
    parts 60 and 61 to report this information. This information is helpful 
    to the implementing agency if a change is made and the vent stream no 
    longer will be introduced with the primary fuel; in these cases, a 
    performance test may be necessary. If so, a notification and report of 
    the performance test are required. Therefore, these cases will be 
    reported. In the other situations, these records can be reviewed, as 
    needed, at the facility.
        The CAR provides additional flexibility regarding the notification 
    to the Administrator that a performance test is being conducted. 
    Although this flexibility is not currently provided in the referencing 
    subparts, it is consistent with revisions proposed in 61 FR 47840, 
    September 11, 1996 (Recordkeeping and Reporting Burden Reduction). The 
    CAR specifies what should be done if there is a delay in conducting the 
    scheduled performance test. The CAR requires the owner or operator to 
    provide at least 7 days notice prior to the rescheduled date of the 
    performance test, or to arrange a rescheduled date by mutual agreement 
    with the Administrator. The EPA recognizes that unforeseen situations 
    happen and that provisions for rescheduling are useful.
        The CAR allows a request to be submitted at any time for the use of 
    alternative test methods. The general provisions of 40 CFR part 61 
    includes time constraints on when an alternative test method may be 
    requested (i.e., 30 days after the effective date or, for new sources, 
    not later than with the notification of anticipated startup). Although 
    all general provisions allow an alternative test method to be 
    requested, the other general provisions do not specify a time frame 
    within which the request must be submitted. The EPA considers it a 
    clarification to not specify a time frame within which the request must 
    be submitted, because an alternative test method may be requested for 
    performance tests other than at startup. It is not necessary to have 
    the test method approved 30 days after an effective date or by the 
    notification of anticipated startup as long as it is approved in time 
    to conduct the performance test on schedule.
    
    VII. Delegation of the CAR to State Authorities
    
        Many States have obtained delegation to implement and enforce the 
    CAR's referencing subparts. These States' authority to implement and 
    enforce the underlying NSPS or NESHAP rests on the State code, and the 
    delegation of authority by EPA to the State in turn
    
    [[Page 57785]]
    
    rests on the State's ability to implement and enforce those Federal 
    requirements.
        By today's action, EPA is proposing to consolidate and somewhat 
    revise certain provisions contained in parts 60, 61, and 63, for 
    affected SOCMI sources, such that regulated sources would be allowed to 
    comply with those newly revised provisions in the CAR. These regulatory 
    revisions could result in the need for subsequent action at the State 
    level to revise the State code and to submit an updated delegation 
    request to EPA, which could then necessitate additional Federal 
    administrative procedures, before the source could take advantage of 
    the CAR and before the State could enforce it. State rulemaking and EPA 
    action on delegation requests are time consuming, often taking several 
    years. In the interim, the source may be unable to avail itself of the 
    CAR benefits, because the CAR could apply at the Federal level while 
    the NSPS and NESHAP continue to apply through the State's code until 
    the State's code can be amended.
        The EPA does not wish such a situation to impede adoption of the 
    CAR by a source. Indeed, EPA encourages implementation of the CAR at 
    the earliest possible date following promulgation of the final rule. A 
    streamlined approach to implement the CAR under delegated State 
    authorities is thus an important ingredient to the success of the rule 
    consolidation effort.
        In order to facilitate and expedite delegation and implementation 
    of the CAR, EPA is taking two steps. First, EPA is proposing to 
    recognize the CAR as an alternative compliance approach to the 
    individual subparts being consolidated. This step, as discussed below, 
    may allow sources in some States to begin to use the CAR immediately 
    after promulgation while still remaining in compliance with the 
    existing State code of regulations upon which delegation is based. The 
    EPA believes this will be a useful approach for States that have the 
    ability to recognize approved alternatives under the existing State 
    regulations on which delegation rests. Second, to minimize 
    administrative delays, EPA is proposing to waive the need for formal 
    delegation of the CAR where the State is already delegated authority to 
    implement the underlying NSPS or NESHAP subparts. Both of these 
    proposed actions are discussed in more detail below.
    
    A. Approval of the CAR as an Alternative Compliance Approach
    
        The NSPS and NESHAP being consolidated in today's proposal, and the 
    statutory authorities from which those rules stem, provide for the 
    approval of alternative means of emission limitations and for 
    appropriate alternative testing or monitoring methods as approved by 
    the Administrator. To facilitate and expedite implementation, EPA is 
    proposing to approve the CAR as a comprehensive alternative set of 
    compliance requirements to the NSPS and NESHAP which it consolidates, 
    specifically 40 CFR part 60 subparts A, Ka, Kb, VV, DDD, III, NNN and 
    RRR; part 61 subparts A, V, Y, and BB; and part 63 subparts A, F, G, 
    and H. This pre-approved alternative would be available for all sources 
    to which the CAR applies.
        The intent of this approval is to allow States and sources 
    immediate use of the CAR, by providing a mechanism through which States 
    can implement and enforce the CAR prior to undertaking additional State 
    rulemaking. By designating the CAR as an approved alternative 
    compliance approach under the existing NSPS and NESHAP, EPA seeks to 
    provide a doorway within the existing State code and delegated 
    authorities through which the CAR can be accessed, utilized, and 
    enforced. This approach may eliminate or minimize the need for State 
    rule revisions and delegation updates.
        The Administrator is proposing approval of the CAR as an 
    alternative means of compliance with the individual subparts listed 
    above.
        The CAR streamlines and revises much of the existing monitoring, 
    record keeping, and reporting procedures of the underlying NSPS and 
    NESHAP standards, without changing the basic control requirements or 
    monitoring methods. Today's proposal is intended to simplify 
    implementation of the standards, to reduce EPA, state, and industry 
    burden in complying with the rules, and to facilitate compliance 
    monitoring, while having no adverse effect on the accuracy, quality, 
    and timeliness of the compliance monitoring data. EPA is proposing that 
    all of the provisions of the CAR serve in whole as an alternative 
    compliance approach for the subparts which it consolidates. To simplify 
    implementation, the CAR can be used directly as an alternative 
    compliance approach, without prior application or request to EPA. The 
    CAR simply requires notification that the alternative approach would be 
    implemented.
        The EPA expects that comprehensive approval of the CAR as an 
    alternative compliance approach for the existing NSPS and NESHAP which 
    it consolidates will facilitate and expedite implementation by states 
    and local agencies. EPA is today proposing to revise the underlying 
    NSPS and NESHAP regulations such that the CAR would be recognized as an 
    alternative approach to the existing NSPS and NESHAP provisions for 
    sources opting into the CAR. However, EPA is aware that the unrevised 
    NSPS and NESHAP regulations will, at least for an interim, remain the 
    enforceable provisions in many states, absent state rulemaking to 
    incorporate the CAR. The NSPS and NESHAP as they are currently adopted 
    by the state also remain federally enforceable in those states where 
    they form the basis of delegation by EPA to the state. Today's proposed 
    action to approve the CAR as an alternative compliance approach 
    clarifies EPA's intent that compliance with the CAR should serve to 
    fulfill a source's obligations to comply with applicable NSPS and 
    NESHAP consolidated therein, even in cases where the unrevised NSPS and 
    NESHAP still reside in the state or local code. States may rely on this 
    approval under the existing NSPS and NESHAP to allow sources expedited 
    use of the CAR, and may enforce the CAR as an approved alternative 
    compliance approach for the existing NSPS and NESHAP in accordance with 
    the current delegation of authority to the state.
        The EPA is providing notice and opportunity for comment on this 
    proposed action to approve the CAR as an alternative compliance 
    approach to 40 CFR part 60 subparts A, Ka, Kb, VV, DDD, III, NNN and 
    RRR, part 61 subparts A, V, Y, and BB, and part 63 subparts A, F, G, 
    and H. Comments are requested with regard to both the validity of this 
    approval and to the usefulness of this mechanism for expediting 
    implementation of the CAR.
    
    B. Policy on Delegation of the CAR
    
        Today's proposed rule was developed based on consolidating the 
    existing requirements of Parts 60, 61, and 63 that apply to SOCMI, 
    without changing the applicability or reducing the stringency of the 
    existing regulations. For this reason, EPA believes that, where a State 
    has been delegated authority to administer all of the applicable rules 
    under Parts 60, 61, and 63, no further delegation of authority is 
    necessary in order for such State to administer the CAR. The EPA 
    therefore proposes to allow a State to administer the CAR without 
    further action by EPA if such State has been delegated the authority to 
    administer each of the applicable referencing subparts.
        However, States that lack delegated authority to administer any of 
    the referencing subparts that apply at a source that seeks to implement 
    the CAR
    
    [[Page 57786]]
    
    must obtain such delegation prior to allowing that source to comply 
    with the CAR.
        The EPA requests comment on this proposed delegation policy.
    
    VIII. Incorporating CAR Requirements Into the Title V Permit
    
        Title V of the Act and EPA's operating permits regulations at 40 
    CFR part 70 require all ``applicable requirements'' (standards or 
    requirements under the Act, as defined at 40 CFR part 70.2) to be 
    included in the operating permit for any source that is required to 
    have an operating permit. Since a permit can contain only the 
    applicable requirements in effect at the time it was issued, or last 
    revised, any newly-promulgated requirements (such as those in the CAR) 
    would not be in the permit until the permit is revised to include them. 
    Revising the permit is also necessary if a source adopts substitute 
    requirements under the CAR, since without a permit revision, the source 
    would be in non-compliance with the provisions of its operating permit. 
    Consequently, once a source adopts the CAR, to the extent that the 
    existing permit terms will be replaced or modified by provisions of the 
    CAR, the permit must be revised to delete those permit terms and add 
    the applicable CAR provisions. This section discusses the processes by 
    which permits would be revised to incorporate provisions of the CAR.
        Under 40 CFR part 70.7, operating permits may be revised through 
    one of three mechanisms: administrative amendments, minor permit 
    modifications, or significant permit modifications. The administrative 
    amendment process is for: (1) changes that are trivial or 
    administrative, such as typographical errors, or change of ownership; 
    (2) changes that provide more frequent monitoring or reporting; (3) 
    incorporating terms of preconstruction permits that meet the compliance 
    requirements of section 70.6 and that were issued under a process that 
    has been ``enhanced'' to provide EPA and public review; or (4) other 
    changes similar to these that have been approved by EPA in a State part 
    70 program. Any change resulting from CAR requirements will add the CAR 
    as an applicable requirement to the source's permit, and therefore, is 
    not likely to be a trivial or administrative change. In addition, the 
    CAR will usually require less rather than more frequent monitoring or 
    reporting. Consequently, CAR requirements do not appear to be eligible 
    as administrative amendments.
        To determine if incorporation of CAR requirements qualifies as a 
    minor permit revision, the type of change that might arise from the CAR 
    must be evaluated against the relevant criteria of 
    Secs. 70.7(e)(2)(i)(A)(1) through (6). If the change does not meet any 
    of these criteria (the criteria are written in the negative), the 
    change may be made using the minor permit revision process; otherwise, 
    it must use the significant permit revision procedures. To summarize 
    the minor permit revision criteria, a minor permit revision is not 
    allowed if the change: (1) violates an applicable requirement; (2) 
    significantly changes existing monitoring, reporting, or recordkeeping; 
    (3) establishes or changes case-by-case emissions limitations; (4) 
    establishes a potential-to-emit limitation; (5) is a title I 
    modification; or (6) is required by the permitting authority to be a 
    significant permit modification. Criterion (2) is clearly the one 
    criteria that might be triggered by incorporation of CAR requirements, 
    since CAR requirements could change existing monitoring, reporting, or 
    recordkeeping requirements in the permit. To determine if criterion (2) 
    does apply, it is necessary to determine if incorporation of CAR 
    requirements will result in a significant change to monitoring, 
    reporting or recordkeeping requirements.
        In terms of their significance to monitoring, recordkeeping or 
    reporting requirements, changes from the CAR can be sorted into two 
    broad categories, depending on the amount of discretion a source has in 
    determining the new requirement. The first category comprises changes 
    over which the source has little discretion in determining the 
    monitoring, recordkeeping or reporting requirements. In most cases, the 
    monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements are established by 
    the CAR, and once the source has decided to be covered by the CAR, it 
    has no ability to change the requirements. For example, Sec. 65.47(e) 
    requires owners or operators of storage vessels using floating or 
    external roofs to record when the roof was set on its legs and when it 
    was refloated. This is a new record not previously required under any 
    referencing storage vessel rule. As another example, 
    Sec. 65.44(c)(9)(ii) allows up to two 30-day extensions (after an 
    initial 45 days) to empty and remove a storage vessel from service 
    after the source finds that it is unsafe to perform gap seal 
    measurements. Under subpart Kb of 40 CFR part 60 and subpart Y of 40 
    CFR part 61, the source was allowed one 30 day extension, which 
    required prior approval [Sec. 60.113b(b)(4)(iii) and 
    Sec. 61.272(b)(4)(iii)]; extensions were not addressed under subpart Ka 
    of 40 CFR part 60. Under the CAR (as in the HON), both the first and 
    second 30-day extensions are available to the source without requesting 
    prior approval by EPA; although documentation for why an extension is 
    necessary must be maintained. Other examples include 
    Sec. 65.48(c)(2)(ii), which requires reporting of storage vessel seal 
    gap measurement results, rather than all raw seal gap measurement data 
    as required in subpart Kb of 40 CFR part 60, subpart Y of 40 CFR part 
    61, and subpart G of 40 CFR part 63 [Sec. 60.115b(b)(2), 
    Sec. 61.276(d)(1), and Sec. 63.122(e)(1)]; or Sec. 65.161(a)(3), which 
    requires keeping records of the latest 3 hours of continuous (15-
    minute) monitoring data, rather than keeping records of all continuous 
    monitoring data, as under the HON, see Sec. 63.152(f)(2).
        The examples given so far illustrate changes in which the source is 
    adopting the CAR requirements in lieu of previous requirements, without 
    changing or adding to the CAR requirements. Other requirements under 
    the CAR, still within the first category, may require a source to 
    determine monitoring requirements. For example, under 
    Sec. 65.148(c)(1), a facility using an incinerator to meet the 98 
    percent reduction requirement of Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart D for 
    process vents, is required to monitor temperature within a range of 
    temperature determined by the source. The source may establish, as part 
    of its title V application, the parameter range that it will use, based 
    on a performance test, or it may rely on prior performance tests or use 
    an existing range or an established limit in a referenced subpart. In 
    EPA's view, a change in a parameter range based on a relevant EPA-
    approved performance test is not a significant change, since the range 
    is determined by the results of the test and cannot be set arbitrarily. 
    In addition, the parameter to be monitored is set by the CAR, and is 
    therefore outside the source's discretion.
        Thus, EPA does not consider this first category of changes to be 
    ``significant changes'' within the meaning of criterion (2) for minor 
    permit revisions. The EPA interprets the criterion as requiring the 
    significant permit revision process when a significant monitoring 
    change is made in the permit revision process, and especially when the 
    changes are source-specific monitoring changes involving significant 
    judgment. The types of changes to monitoring requirements that EPA 
    considers significant within the meaning of
    
    [[Page 57787]]
    
    criterion (2) include establishing equivalent SIP monitoring 
    requirements, streamlining of redundant monitoring requirements, or 
    significant changes to source-specific monitoring. The first category 
    of CAR requirements should not have these characteristics, since the 
    amount of judgment involved in establishing source-specific 
    requirements such as parameter levels is not significant. There is also 
    no requirement to demonstrate that these requirements are equivalent to 
    existing requirements, as would be the case when establishing 
    equivalent SIP requirements or streamlining.
        The second category of changes involves significant discretion on 
    the part of the source in determining monitoring, recordkeeping or 
    reporting requirements. For example, under Sec. 65.63(d) of subpart D, 
    which applies to a group 2A process vent without a recovery device, a 
    source is allowed to establish the parameters that it will monitor, and 
    the parameter ranges, in order to maintain a TRE index value greater 
    than 1.0. Another example is under Sec. 65.162(e) of subpart G, which 
    applies to sources who are directed under Sec. 65.154(c)(2) or 
    Sec. 65.155(c)(1) to set unique monitoring parameters, or who request 
    under Sec. 65.156(e) approval to monitor a different parameter than 
    those listed in relevant monitoring requirements of subpart G of the 
    CAR.
        If this second type of change were established for the first time 
    through the permit revision process, EPA would consider it to be a 
    significant change in monitoring under the meaning of criterion (2) of 
    Sec. 70.7(e)(2)(i)(A), since the source has significant discretion in 
    establishing not only the parameter to be monitored, but the methods 
    that are used in making that judgment. Establishing these kinds of 
    monitoring requirements in the permit is similar to permit 
    streamlining, equivalent SIP requirements, and other changes that 
    involve significant judgment discussed above. In White Paper #2, EPA 
    indicated that streamlining could be accomplished as part of the 
    initial permit application or as a significant permit revision, both of 
    which provide for EPA review of streamlined requirements. The current 
    part 70 requires that equivalent SIP limits established in the permit 
    must follow initial issuance, renewal, or significant permit revision 
    procedures [See Sec. 70.6(a)(1)(iii)].
        If, however, EPA has approved unique or different monitoring 
    requirements prior to the permit revision taking place, as may be the 
    case under the CAR, EPA would consider the significant permit revision 
    procedure to be unnecessary. For example, if EPA has approved a request 
    to use alternative monitoring or recordkeeping procedures under 
    Sec. 65.7(b) and (c) of subpart A or Sec. 65.162(d) of subpart G 
    procedures, the source has no discretion but to comply with those 
    alternative requirements once the Agency has granted approval. 
    Consequently, the absence of discretion justifies the minor permit 
    revision process, rather than the significant permit revision 
    procedures.
        Note that under the proposed changes to part 70 (60 FR 45529, 
    August 31, 1995), incorporation of new requirements such as the CAR may 
    be allowed under the proposed ``notice-only'' provisions, in which EPA 
    and public review is not required, if the permit is incorporating 
    previously-adopted requirements and if source-specific requirements are 
    not being established through the permit. Incorporation either of 
    provisions adopted in the CAR rule, or of source-specific requirements 
    proposed by the source and approved by EPA after promulgation of 
    today's rule (provided the permit process was not the vehicle for EPA 
    approval) would likely be eligible for notice-only procedures under the 
    concept outlined in the 1995 proposal. If EPA adopts the notice-only 
    procedures, the procedures would be available once the State in which 
    the source is located had incorporated the revised procedure into its 
    permit program. Until then, the current part 70 permit procedures apply 
    as outlined above.
    
    IX. Extension of the Consolidation to Include the State 
    Implementation Plan
    
        The EPA recognizes that States have developed and incorporated into 
    the State Implementation Plan (SIP) rules and requirements that affect 
    many of the same emission units also subject to the referencing 
    subparts being consolidated in today's proposal. Those regulations 
    typically include reasonably available control technology (RACT) and 
    other requirements designed for attainment and maintenance of national 
    ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). Hence, even upon final 
    promulgation of the CAR, in many areas SOCMI sources implementing the 
    CAR still could remain subject to two separate sets of requirements--
    the CAR and State and federally-enforceable RACT requirements. 
    Reduction of compliance burdens through consolidation of regulatory 
    requirements could be greatly enhanced by expanding the benefits of 
    today's proposal to address federally enforceable SIP requirements that 
    apply to SOCMI sources.
        In an effort to facilitate burden reduction for sources subject to 
    state specific SIP requirements, EPA is proposing three actions. First, 
    EPA is proposing to pre-approve the CAR as meeting the RACT requirement 
    of the Act. Thus, with respect to SIPs that expressly allow for the 
    approval of alternatives to existing RACT requirements by the State and 
    EPA, additional EPA action will not be needed prior to implementation 
    of the CAR by a specific source. The source will still need State 
    approval of the CAR for that source prior to implementation. This pre-
    approval, discussed further below, would expedite the consolidation of 
    the RACT requirement with other applicable requirements through 
    implementation of the CAR since no additional EPA action would be 
    necessary prior to implementation of the CAR. Second, based on EPA's 
    proposal to pre-approve the CAR as meeting RACT, EPA is proposing a 
    streamlined process for review and approval of SIP submittals that 
    incorporate the CAR requirements. This action will expedite the process 
    for incorporating into the SIP the CAR for purposes of complying with 
    RACT requirements, particularly in states where the SIP does not 
    already allow for the use of approved alternatives. Finally, EPA is 
    recognizing the use of the title V permitting process as a mechanism 
    through which the streamlining of overlapping requirements stemming 
    from the SIP, NSPS, and NESHAP programs can be accomplished. Below, 
    each of these mechanisms for expanding the benefits of the CAR 
    rulemaking to encompass SIP requirements is discussed. First, however, 
    a description of RACT and EPA's basis for pre-approving the CAR as RACT 
    is provided.
    
    A. Pre-Approval of the CAR as Meeting the Clean Air Act Reasonably 
    Available Control Technology Requirement
    
        For purposes of defining RACT, EPA has historically issued control 
    techniques guidelines (CTGs). These CTGs are not regulatory in nature, 
    but rather establish a presumptive norm for RACT. In other words, the 
    CTGs, which are issued after an opportunity for public input, establish 
    one or more methods of control or emission reduction levels that EPA 
    deems as RACT-level control for certain operations. In developing the 
    CTGs, EPA provides the scientific and technical documentation to 
    support these controls as a RACT level of control. In developing RACT 
    rules to be incorporated into a federally-approved SIP, a State can 
    adopt the methods of
    
    [[Page 57788]]
    
    control specified in the CTG or establish other methods of control. To 
    the extent the State relies on the control methods specified in the 
    CTG, EPA will not undertake further analysis in determining that the 
    State has established RACT-level of control for those sources. However, 
    if a State elects to require other types of control, the State must 
    provide the relevant scientific and technical information to 
    demonstrate that the selected controls meet the underlying statutory 
    RACT requirement.
        Currently, EPA has issued six CTGs, shown in table 4, applicable to 
    emission points at sources covered by the CAR. Pursuant to section 
    182(b)(2)(B) of the Act, States were required to submit RACT rules by 
    November 15, 1992 for emission sources whose CTGs were issued prior to 
    the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. Therefore, RACT rules for petroleum 
    liquids in fixed roof and external floating roof tanks; manufacture of 
    high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene resins; SOCMI 
    and polymer manufacturing equipment leaks; and SOCMI air oxidation 
    processes were due by November 15, 1992. For emission sources covered 
    by CTG's issued after the 1990 Amendments, the EPA was required to 
    establish a submittal date, pursuant to section 182(b)(2)(A) of the 
    Act. The RACT rules for SOCMI distillation and reactor processes were 
    required to be submitted by March 23, 1995, as stated in the Federal 
    Register notice (59 FR 13717, March 23, 1994) announcing the submittal 
    due date.
    
                     Table 4.--Control Techniques Guidelines
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Storage of Petroleum Liquids
     in Fixed-Roof Tanks, EPA-450/2-77-036, December 1977.
    Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Petroleum Liquid Storage in
     External Floating Roof Tanks, EPA-450/2-78-047, December 1978.
    Control of Volatile Organic Compound emissions from Manufacture of High-
     Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polystyrene Resins, EPA-450/3-
     83-008, November 1983.
    Control of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks from Synthetic Organic
     Chemical and Polymer Manufacturing Equipment, EPA-450/3-83-006, March
     1984.
    Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Air Oxidation
     Processes in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry, EPA-450/
     3-84-015, December 1984.
    Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Reactor Processes
     and Distillation Operations Processes in the Synthetic Organic Chemical
     Manufacturing Industry, EPA-450/4-91-031, August 1993.
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        After State adoption, control measures are submitted to EPA for 
    approval into the federally-enforceable SIP. Hence, once a State-
    enforceable measure is approved into the SIP, it becomes enforceable as 
    a federal requirement.
        In order to establish that provisions in the CAR are at least as 
    stringent as RACT, it is necessary to understand the basis for RACT and 
    the standards that constitute the CAR. The general requirement for RACT 
    in nonattainment areas is found in section 172(c)(1) of the Act. 
    Section 182 (a)(2)(A) and (b)(2) provide more specific requirements for 
    stationary sources that emit volatile organic compound (VOC). The EPA 
    has defined RACT as ``. . . the lowest emission limitation that a 
    particular source is capable of meeting by the application of control 
    technology that is reasonably available considering technological and 
    economic feasibility'' (44 FR 53761, September 17, 1979). These are 
    control techniques that are widely used that can be readily applied to 
    existing sources without unreasonable burden.
        The ``reasonably'' available control technology reflected in SIP 
    levels can be contrasted with the generally more stringent bases for 
    the new source performance standards (NSPS) and national emission 
    standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) which comprise the CAR. 
    The NSPS, which apply to newly constructed stationary sources that emit 
    criteria pollutants, are based on ``. . . the degree of emission 
    limitation achievable through the application of the best system of 
    emission reduction which (taking into account the cost of achieving 
    such reduction and any nonair quality health and environmental impact 
    and energy requirements) the Administrator determines has been 
    adequately demonstrated,'' (CAA section 111(a)(1)) or best demonstrated 
    technology (BDT). This presumably (but not necessarily) higher level of 
    control than RACT (which generally is developed for existing sources) 
    can be justified for new, modified, or reconstructed sources, because 
    such controls can be incorporated into the design of the source prior 
    to construction, modification, or reconstruction, making it more 
    technically and economically feasible than for existing sources that 
    can have prohibitive design constraints or costs.
        Prior to the 1990 Amendments, for NESHAP, the Act required the 
    Administrator to ``. . . establish any such standard at the level which 
    in his judgment provides an ample margin of safety to protect the 
    public health from such hazardous air pollutant.'' 42 U.S.C. 
    7412(b)(1)(B). Although EPA policy has evolved over the years regarding 
    the interpretation of this wording, it was generally accepted that the 
    basis for the standards established would reflect at least the basis 
    analogous to that established for NSPS, i.e. ``best controls'' 
    considering the impacts.
        The Act, as amended in 1990, provides that NESHAP must ``. . . 
    require the maximum degree of reduction in emissions . . . that the 
    Administrator, taking into consideration the cost of achieving such 
    emission reduction, and any nonair quality health and environmental 
    impacts and energy requirements, determines is achievable . . .'', or 
    maximum achievable control technology (MACT), for short. The Act 
    112(d)(2). This basis is very similar to that for NSPS, as is evidenced 
    by the statutory wording, and again generally reflects control at least 
    as stringent as, if not more than, RACT.
        The statutory language for setting NSPS and NESHAP clearly mandate 
    a basis for those standards no less stringent, and conceivably more 
    stringent, than that for RACT. An examination of the CTGs that apply to 
    SOCMI reveal that the NSPS and NESHAP that form the basis for today's 
    proposed CAR are all at least as stringent as the corresponding RACT 
    requirements contained in the CTG's, especially since most of the CAR 
    is based on the HON, which is the NESHAP applicable to the SOCMI.
        In addition to the appropriate stringency qualifications, the CAR 
    will be established through regulation, thus it is appropriate to 
    augment the CTG's, which were issued after public notice and comment, 
    with the CAR. Therefore, since EPA believes that the CAR is at least as 
    stringent as the RACT established in the CTG and since this action 
    fulfills the procedural requirements for establishing RACT, EPA is 
    proposing to pre-approve the CAR as RACT.
    
    [[Page 57789]]
    
    B. EPA Approval of the CAR as an Alternative Compliance Measure for the 
    State Implementation Plan
    
        The EPA is aware that some State SIPs provide for the use of 
    alternative emission limitations, control technologies, or monitoring 
    methods for purposes of complying with the applicable SIP requirement. 
    Use of such alternatives generally requires the prior approval of both 
    EPA and the State to ensure that the alternative is equivalent to the 
    method currently approved into the SIP. The EPA is proposing, based on 
    its pre-approval of the CAR as meeting RACT, that where a SIP allows 
    sources to adopt alternative means of control after approval by the 
    State and EPA, no additional EPA approval will be required prior to the 
    source implementing the CAR. In other words, EPA is proposing that a 
    determination in the final CAR rule that the CAR is RACT for the 
    relevant sources, will fulfill the EPA approval requirement in SIPs for 
    adoption of alternative means of complying with a SIP-approved RACT 
    requirement.1 Therefore, if--in accordance with an 
    alternative measures provision in an approved SIP--a source applied to 
    a State, seeking to implement the CAR rather than the current SIP-
    approved RACT measures, the State could approve the use of the CAR as 
    an alternative means of compliance and further EPA approval would not 
    be necessary for the source to implement the CAR. In these cases--where 
    the SIP expressly provides for the approval of alternative measures--
    this pre-approval should provide an expedited mechanism for using the 
    CAR to consolidate SIP and Federal emission standards.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        \1\ EPA's pre-approval only applies if the State is approving 
    the CAR as federally-promulgated. If the State wishes to approve an 
    alternative that differs from the approved federal CAR, these 
    streamlined procedures would not apply. Rather a full SIP revision 
    request would be needed. However, as noted in section C., below, EPA 
    might be able to use the direct final process in processing some SIP 
    revisions.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        However, through this proposed action, EPA is not and cannot revise 
    any specific SIP to include the CAR. Where a SIP allows approval of 
    alternative means of compliance, the source must still receive State 
    approval, consistent with the terms in the SIP, in order to use the CAR 
    as an alternative means of compliance. Independent State approval is 
    necessary because the State has retained the authority to determine 
    whether alternative means of control meet the State-adopted RACT 
    requirements. States have the authority under section 116 of the Clean 
    Air Act to establish controls that exceed RACT. Therefore, although EPA 
    is proposing that the CAR is at least equivalent to the presumptive 
    RACT requirement in the existing CTGs, the State must have the 
    opportunity to determine whether the CAR is an appropriate alternative 
    to the measures that were adopted by the State and approved into the 
    SIP. This determination is critical since a State may have adopted 
    tighter means of control for purposes of attaining the NAAQS or meeting 
    some other applicable requirement of the CAA (for example, 15 percent 
    VOC reduction requirement).
        For cases in which the SIP requirements are more stringent than the 
    CAR as it would apply to specific sources, EPA recognizes that use of 
    the CAR as an alternative to the SIP may jeopardize achievement or 
    maintenance of the NAAQS. In those cases, EPA expects that the State 
    would disapprove use of the CAR as an alternative means of compliance 
    with the SIP.
        In determining whether the CAR can be used as an alternative to the 
    SIP, the State must consider whether the CAR requires control to an 
    equal or higher degree than the emission limitations of the SIP. 
    Because EPA, through this rulemaking, is establishing the compliance 
    measures (monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting) which correspond to 
    a particular control option as sufficient to assure compliance with the 
    presumptive RACT emission limitation, EPA believes that it will not be 
    necessary for a State to compare the particular compliance measures of 
    the SIP to the CAR in order to approve the CAR as an alternative if the 
    State has adopted the presumptive measures that were provided in the 
    CTG. Rather, the State may choose to restrict its review to the 
    sufficiency of the control measures and emission limitations in the 
    CAR, in order to provide for greater use of the burden reductions 
    inherent in the compliance measures of today's proposed CAR.
        The EPA believes that there will be few, if any, instances in which 
    the CAR would serve to relax a previously applicable SIP requirement. 
    However, since there may be limited cases where that could occur, EPA 
    is seeking comment on whether a more rigorous SIP review process should 
    be required in those few instances. Therefore, EPA is seeking comment 
    on whether the State should be required to submit through the formal 
    SIP revision process any state approval of the CAR where the CAR 
    provides for fewer emission reductions than the previously-approved 
    SIP.
        Although a source may implement the CAR upon State approval, EPA is 
    also proposing that the State subsequently submit the CAR for official 
    incorporation into the SIP. The EPA is proposing that the State could 
    make this submission through letter notice.2 This process 
    will serve to ensure that the applicable control requirement, i.e., the 
    CAR, is reflected in the SIP. Without this process, the SIP would 
    continue to indicate that the source was subject to the previously 
    approved RACT limit. The letter notice will ensure that EPA is informed 
    about the applicable SIP requirements for sources and will allow the 
    Agency to fulfill its obligation to provide that information to the 
    public (See for example The Act 110(h), 42 USC 7410(h)).
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        \2\ For further information on the letter notice process, see 55 
    FR 5829, February 16, 1990.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        Since, at this point the incorporation of the CAR into the SIP will 
    merely be a technical revision, EPA believes that letter notice is an 
    acceptable procedure. Under the letter notice procedures, the State 
    submits the revision by letter to EPA upon State approval of the CAR 
    for a specific source or group of sources. The EPA would not need to 
    undertake a lengthy notice-and-comment rulemaking process to 
    incorporate the revision into the SIP. Rather, the regional office 
    would notify the State and the source by letter that the SIP was being 
    revised to reflect the submission. Periodically, each EPA Regional 
    office would publish a notice in the Federal Register to notify the 
    public of the SIP revisions that had been made. Furthermore, at that 
    time, EPA would ensure that the federally-approved SIP reflected the 
    CAR as the alternative means of compliance for the relevant source(s).
        The EPA seeks comment on the validity and usefulness of this 
    approach to extend consolidation of regulatory requirements to include 
    SIP requirements.
    
    C. Expedited State Implementation Plan Approvals for Incorporation of 
    the CAR as a Reasonably Available Control Technology Compliance Option
    
        In many cases the SIP explicitly provides an exclusive means of 
    compliance with RACT. This exclusivity would preclude the use of the 
    process proposed above since the SIP does not allow for an alternative 
    means of compliance. In such cases, the State may utilize other options 
    to address overlapping requirements between the SIP, NSPS, and NESHAP 
    programs. One approach which the State could take would be to revise 
    the regulations which form the basis of the SIP, either to include 
    boilerplate
    
    [[Page 57790]]
    
    provisions for approved alternatives or to explicitly incorporate the 
    CAR as a means of complying with RACT. EPA is proposing the use of 
    measures described below in order to ensure that this SIP revision 
    process would work quickly and effectively so that the CAR may be 
    utilized as quickly as possible as a compliance tool.
        Because EPA is proposing to determine through this action that the 
    CAR is at least equivalent to presumptive RACT, EPA believes that there 
    will be little need for public comment on a case-by-case basis as SIPs 
    are revised to incorporate the federally-enacted CAR as an alternative 
    means of compliance. However, it will be necessary for some States to 
    revise their SIPs to include the CAR for this purpose. Therefore, such 
    States would need to submit the CAR to EPA as a SIP revision. For 
    States that submit the CAR, as finalized in the federal rules, EPA is 
    proposing to use letter notice procedures to revise the SIP to 
    incorporate the CAR. (Again, EPA seeks comment on whether a different 
    process should be used where the CAR would relax the previously-
    approved SIP requirement.) However, if a State submits a rule that 
    differs from that established through the final federal rulemaking on 
    the CAR, EPA would need to undertake notice-and-comment rulemaking 
    procedures in order to provide an opportunity for public participation.
        Although EPA believes notice-and-comment rulemaking would be needed 
    if the State-adopted rule differs from the federally-enacted CAR, in 
    some instances, EPA might be able to utilize the existing ``direct 
    final'' method of rulemaking in order to significantly expedite the 
    rulemaking process. Under such a procedure, EPA publishes a proposed 
    and final action simultaneously indicating that if no adverse comments 
    are received, the final action will be effective 60 days following 
    publication. If adverse comments are received, EPA will withdraw the 
    final action, address the comments and subsequently publish a new final 
    action in light of the comments received.3
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
        \3\ For further information on the direct final process, see 59 
    FR 24054, May 10, 1994.
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    D. Streamlining of Overlapping State Implementation Plan, New Source 
    Performance Standards, and National Emission Standards for Hazardous 
    Air Pollutants Requirements in the Title V Permitting Process
    
        In addition to undertaking rulemaking to revise the SIP, or as an 
    option to that approach, the State may wish to take advantage of the 
    title V permitting process as a mechanism for addressing overlapping 
    requirements. The process by which this may be accomplished is 
    discussed in detail in EPA guidance entitled, ``White Paper Number 2 
    For Improved Title V Implementation,'' issued on March 5, 1996.
        The White Paper Number 2 describes how a source may propose 
    streamlining to distill or ``streamline'' multiple overlapping 
    requirements into one set that will assure compliance with all 
    requirements. According to the guidance, multiple emissions limits 
    applying to an emission unit may be streamlined into one limit if that 
    limit is at least as stringent as the most stringent limit. If no one 
    requirement is clearly more stringent than the others, the applicant 
    may synthesize the conditions of all the applicable requirements into a 
    single new permit term that will assure compliance with all 
    requirements. The streamlined monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 
    requirements would generally be those associated with the most 
    stringent emissions limit, providing they would assure compliance to 
    the same extent as any subsumed monitoring. Thus, monitoring, 
    recordkeeping, or reporting to determine compliance with subsumed 
    limits would not be required where the source implements the 
    streamlined approach.
        It is important to emphasize that while streamlining may be 
    initiated by either the applicant or the permitting authority, it can 
    only be implemented where the permit applicant consents to its use.
    
    X. Summary of Benefits and Other Impacts
    
        The CAR contains a number of significant benefits to all parties; 
    in fact, regulatory improvement benefitting all is the main purpose of 
    the CAR, as described earlier in the discussion on goals and 
    objectives. Many of the same benefits and features of the CAR help all 
    the parties equally, while some are more beneficial to others. The 
    benefits and improvements of the CAR are individually discussed in 
    detail in section VI of this preamble. The most significant benefits 
    afforded by the CAR include:
         Requirements in 3 different parts and 16 different 
    subparts have been brought together into 1 set of requirements in a 
    single part;
         Structure of the rule is designed with the ``end-user'' in 
    mind;
         Monitoring requirements for equipment leaks have been 
    greatly reduced and simplified; and
         Data handling burden has been greatly reduced due to 
    requirements to keep only the most recent 3 hours of CPMS monitoring 
    data.
        The recordkeeping and reporting burden associated with the CAR 
    reflects a substantial reduction in burden hours as compared to the 
    referencing subparts. EPA has assessed the recordkeeping and reporting 
    burden for the CAR and estimates a net reduction in burden of about 
    1700 hours per year for a representative chemical plant with 3 process 
    units opting to use the CAR. Burden reduction is a function of the size 
    and complexity of a plant site and will therefore vary for individual 
    plant sites.
        In addition, it is expected that the CAR will provide improved 
    compliance and resource savings. By having a clearer, simpler, smaller, 
    consistent set of rules, both industry and enforcement agencies will 
    know better what is expected, and can concentrate on implementing and 
    complying with the requirements instead of trying to understand 
    provisions of several different rules. Because the rules can be much 
    more easily implemented, there will be better compliance. By the same 
    token, when the regulations are more easily implemented, with resulting 
    better compliance, there will be less enforcement action and 
    litigation, saving resources of both enforcement agencies and industry.
    
    XI. Additional Amendments to Equipment Leak Referencing Subparts
    
        Today's action includes some additional amendments to 40 CFR part 
    60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V that are not necessitated 
    by proposal of the CAR. Rather, these amendments are being proposed in 
    order to clarify some specific provisions and to incorporate some 
    provisions for safety consistent with the HON equipment leak provisions 
    that have been amended several times in recent years. Today's proposed 
    amendments would incorporate these same improvements into 40 CFR part 
    60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V. The rationale for all of 
    the proposed amendments remains the same as it was for amending the 
    HON. Discussion of these HON amendments is found in preambles to the 
    proposed amendments (59 FR 48175, September 20, 1994; 60 FR 18020, 
    April 10, 1995; 61 FR 31435, June 20, 1996; and 62 FR 2721, January 17, 
    1997). The proposed amendments to 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V consist of the following changes.
    
    [[Page 57791]]
    
    A. Closed-vent Systems and Control Devices
    
        The language in 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart V defining CVS would be changed from ``systems * * * composed 
    of piping'' to ``systems * * * composed of hard-piping [or] ductwork.'' 
    Definitions of ``hard-piping'' and ``ductwork,'' taken from the HON, 
    would be added to both 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart V to accommodate the amended definition of CVS. Definitions 
    distinguishing between hard-piping and ductwork allow for a distinction 
    to be made between the applicable inspection requirements.
        The inspection requirements for CVS hard-piping and ductwork have 
    been clarified in 40 CFR part 61, subpart V to be consistent with 40 
    CFR part 60, subpart VV and the HON. Closed-vent system ductwork must 
    be inspected initially and annually thereafter using Test Method 21; 
    CVS hard-piping must be inspected initially using Test Method 21, and 
    then visually inspected annually thereafter. Prior to these amendments, 
    there was no clear distinction made in 40 CFR part 61, subpart V 
    between ductwork and hard-piping inspection requirements, and all 
    conveyance systems had to be inspected annually using Method 21. 
    However, EPA recognizes that systems constructed of hard-piping are 
    extremely unlikely to leak, and therefore, annual Method 21 inspections 
    are unnecessary for hard-piping. Further discussion about the 
    inspection requirements for CVS ductwork versus CVS hard-piping is 
    included in the Federal Register notice proposing this amendment for 40 
    CFR part 60, subpart VV (59 FR 36155, July 15, 1994) and in the Federal 
    Register notice issuing the final HON (59 FR 19447, April 22, 1994).
        The definitions of CVS in 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR 
    part 61, subpart V would also be modified for consistency with the HON 
    to include systems that are routed back to a process. Similarly, 
    provisions in both subparts that require a control device for pumps, 
    compressors, or pressure relief devices would be amended to allow 
    routing to a fuel gas system or routing back to a process in lieu of 
    routing through a CVS to a control device.
    
    B. Sampling Connection Systems
    
        The HON provisions on the treatment of purge material would be 
    added to 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V. The 
    added provisions would allow three additional control options for purge 
    materials. These options include: (1) sending purge material to a 
    hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facility (TSDF), if it 
    contains hazardous waste; (2) sending purge material to a facility 
    permitted by a State to handle municipal or industrial solid waste, if 
    it is not hazardous waste; or (3) sending the purge material to a waste 
    management unit that is complying with the group 1 wastewater 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G.
        When EPA amended the HON with these three additional control 
    options, the option to send purge material to a waste management unit 
    that is complying with the HON Group 1 wastewater provisions included 
    an exemption for streams that do not contain any organic HAP listed on 
    table 9 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G. This exemption is not included in 
    the proposed amendments for 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV or 40 CFR part 
    61, subpart V. These two subparts address VOC, and benzene and vinyl 
    chloride, respectively.
        Table 9 was created to help define organic HAP of regulatory 
    concern for the HON wastewater provisions. It therefore does not serve 
    as an appropriate basis for exemption from VOC controls under 40 CFR 
    part 60, subpart VV. Many regulated VOC are not HAP, and they have 
    never been assessed for inclusion in table 9. No satisfactory 
    substitute for table 9 exists for VOC. Moreover, table 9 is not an 
    appropriate basis for exemption under 40 CFR part 61, subpart V because 
    subpart V applies to streams containing benzene or vinyl chloride, and 
    table 9 lists both of these compounds.
        The EPA is not including the exemption because the circumstances 
    associated with purge material in wastewater streams are not the same 
    in these cases as were present with the HON amendment. For more 
    discussion on how table 9 was developed see the Hazardous Air Pollutant 
    Emissions from Process Units in the Synthetic Organic Chemical 
    Manufacturing Industry--Background Information for Final Standards, 
    Volume 2B: Comments on Wastewater (EPA-453/R-94-003b) section 3.2 The 
    control options allowed in the proposed amendment meet the intent of 
    the sampling connection system provisions, which is to ensure that 
    purged material is captured and either returned to a process or 
    destroyed, and offers additional compliance flexibility.
        The HON definition of ``sampling connection systems'' would also be 
    added to 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V. 
    Prior to this proposed amendment, neither subpart included a definition 
    of this term. The addition would be made for clarity and would not 
    effect the requirements in either subpart.
    
    C. Standards for Control Devices and Recovery Systems
    
        Provisions for recovery devices and enclosed combustion devices in 
    40 CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V would be 
    amended to allow an exit concentration of 20 parts per million by 
    volume (ppmv) as an alternative to the 95 percent control efficiency 
    requirement. The 20 ppmv alternative standard was added to the HON 
    provisions (61 FR 43698, August 26, 1996). The use of this option is 
    provided for cases where there would be large amounts of dilution air, 
    such as enclosed vented processes. The EPA considers the 20 ppmv 
    alternative standards to be a reasonable design concentration for 
    circumstances covered by these two subparts. For low concentration 
    streams, it is difficult to obtain the 95 percent removal that is 
    required. A 20 ppmv outlet concentration is obtainable for these 
    streams. In addition, EPA reiterates that this proposed alternative 
    standard will be allowed only in the cases where circumvention by 
    dilution can reasonably be detected.
    
    D. Safety Considerations
    
        Several amendments made to the HON equipment leak provisions for 
    safety reasons (60 FR 18073, April 10, 1995) are being proposed for 40 
    CFR part 60, subpart VV and 40 CFR part 61, subpart V. These amendments 
    are being proposed for safety reasons and for consistency among 
    equipment leak rules; they would exempt equipment from particular 
    requirements (for example, inspections) if the required activity may 
    pose a safety hazard. Use of these proposed exemptions will be strictly 
    limited to equipment for which a real need could be reasonably argued.
        Pumps would be exempt from monthly monitoring and weekly visual 
    inspection requirements if such monitoring or inspection is unsafe. The 
    owner or operator must maintain a written plan for monitoring and 
    inspecting these pumps as frequently as possible under safe conditions. 
    The associated recordkeeping requirements for inspection and monitoring 
    would be amended accordingly.
        Pressure relief devices equipped with a rupture disc upstream of 
    the pressure relief device would be exempt from the requirement to 
    operate with no detectable emissions. Owners and operators would have 
    to replace these rupture discs as soon as is practical and
    
    [[Page 57792]]
    
    no later than 5 days after each pressure release.
        Open-ended valves and lines would be exempt from the requirement to 
    be closed or sealed if they are part of an emergency shutdown system, 
    or if the open-ended valve or line contains material that would 
    autocatalytically polymerize or cause a safety hazard if capped or 
    sealed.
        Any parts of a closed-vent system that are designated by the owner 
    or operator as unsafe to inspect would be exempt from requirements for 
    initial and annual inspection and monitoring. The owner or operator 
    would have to maintain records of equipment so designated and a written 
    plan for inspecting this equipment as often as possible under safe 
    conditions.
        Parts of a CVS that cannot be inspected without elevating the 
    inspector more than 2 meters above a support surface could be 
    designated difficult to inspect and thereby exempt from inspection and 
    monitoring requirements. Equipment designated difficult to inspect must 
    be part of a modified or reconstructed process unit or the owner or 
    operator must designate no more than 3 percent of the CVS equipment 
    difficult to inspect. Additionally, the owner or operator must maintain 
    a written plan for inspecting the equipment at least every 5 years.
    
    XII. Solicitation of Specific Comments
    
        The Administrator solicits comments on all aspects of this 
    proposal. Comments on specific technical features of the rule are 
    solicited in section VI of this preamble as each topic is discussed. 
    These technical features include:
         The introduction of halogen scrubbers for NSPS process 
    vents;
         The validity and usefulness of the CAR's implementation 
    mechanism;
         The EPA's proposed policy for delegation to States; and
         The CAR's provisions requiring correction to 3 percent 
    oxygen for all combustion device concentration measurements.
        The Administrator specifically requests comments on the usefulness 
    of incorporating two features into the rule. First, should tables 
    citing the provisions of the referencing subparts that still apply to 
    owners and operators complying with the CAR be added to the CAR? And 
    second, should a subgrouping program similar to that established for 
    valve equipment leak monitoring [see Sec. 65.106(b)(4)] be created for 
    connector equipment leak monitoring?
        In this section, the Administrator is also specifically requesting 
    comments on the overall effectiveness of the proposed rule. Commenters 
    should provide any available data and rationale to support their 
    comments on each topic.
        The Administrator specifically requests comments on how well the 
    proposed rule meets the President's objectives of rule consolidation. 
    The stated goal of the rule is articulated in the March 16, 1995 White 
    House papers entitled, ``Reinventing Environmental Regulation,'' as 
    follows:
    
        EPA will work with key industries, beginning with the chemical 
    industry, to eliminate conflicting and overlapping Federal air 
    compliance requirements. Deleting duplicative and confusing 
    requirements will result in increased understanding by industry 
    about emission limits and monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting 
    requirements, and will reduce compliance costs--with no measurable 
    loss of environmental protection. Subsequently, consolidation for 
    other media will be undertaken, based on experience gained with air 
    rules.
    
    The successes of this pilot project for the chemical industry should be 
    measured against the 10 principles for reinventing environmental 
    regulation, which were listed in the President's March 16 policy, as 
    follows:
    
        1. Protecting public health and the environment are important 
    national goals, and individuals, businesses and government must take 
    responsibility for the impact of their actions.
        2. Regulation must be designed to achieve environmental goals in 
    a manner that minimizes costs to individuals, businesses, and other 
    levels of government.
        3. Environmental regulations must be performance-based, 
    providing maximum flexibility in the means of achieving our 
    environmental goals, but requiring accountability for the results.
        4. Preventing pollution, not just controlling or cleaning it up, 
    is preferred.
        5. Market incentives should be used to achieve environmental 
    goals, whenever appropriate.
        6. Environmental regulation should be based on the best science 
    and economies, subject to expert and public scrutiny, and grounded 
    in values Americans share.
        7. Government regulations must be understandable to those who 
    are affected by them.
        8. Decision making should be collaborative, not adversarial, and 
    decision makers must inform and involve those who must live with the 
    decisions.
        9. Federal, State, tribal and local governments must work as 
    partners to achieve common environmental goals, with non-Federal 
    partners taking the lead when appropriate.
        10. No citizen should be subjected to unjust or disproportionate 
    environmental impacts.
    
        The CAR addresses several of these principles (numbers 1, 2, 3, 6, 
    7, 8, and 9). Comments are requested on the following topics to 
    evaluate how well the CAR embraces these principles and to identify 
    specific changes that could be made to improve the benefits of 
    consolidation.
         One intent of the CAR is to provide an end-user friendly 
    structure to regulatory requirements. Would you want to see this 
    structure repeated in future rulemakings? What could have been done 
    better?
         One intent of the CAR is to update, clarify, and eliminate 
    ambiguity in the regulatory requirements. Was this goal accomplished? 
    What specific improvements could be made?
         One intent of the CAR is to provide for improved 
    environmental results by clarifying and simplifying the set of 
    regulations. Do you believe that the proposed rule will improve the 
    level of compliance?
         One intent of the CAR is to reduce the overall regulatory 
    compliance burden. The goal was to achieve burden reduction for all 
    parties: EPA, the states, the public, and the regulated community. Will 
    the proposed rule reduce burden? What further improvements can be made?
         One intent of the CAR is to have a single, consolidated 
    set of requirements for the SOCMI Industry. Is the proposed single rule 
    an improvement?
         One intent of the CAR is to reduce the amount of 
    regulatory information that stakeholders must review to determine 
    regulatory requirements in the SOCMI Industry. Has this goal been met?
         One intent of the CAR is to reduce the complexities of 
    overlapping regulations among different Federal air programs. How well 
    has this goal been met? What improvements could be made?
         One intent of the CAR is to provide a linear logic in 
    proceeding through the regulatory requirements; i.e., start at the 
    beginning of a rule and work your way as far into the regulation as is 
    appropriate for the emission point. For example, if a section of the 
    regulation does not apply to the emissions unit then everything 
    necessary for achieving compliance should be identified at that 
    regulation location and with no need to go deeper into the regulation 
    to make sure that there is not an imbedded requirement (for example, a 
    reporting requirement located near the end of a rule related to an 
    exemption contained in an earlier section). How well was this goal met?
         The CAR constitutes a substantial re-organization of 
    massive amounts of regulatory information. Underlying regulatory intent 
    was intended to be
    
    [[Page 57793]]
    
    retained except where noted in this preamble. Has the reorganization of 
    the information implied a change in substantive requirements or 
    compliance expectations that has not been explicitly identified?
         The CAR is optional at the choice of the SOCMI owner/
    operator as an alternative compliance program for existing rules. Are 
    the requirements for opting into CAR compliance and opting out of CAR 
    compliance clear?
    
    XIII. Administrative Requirements
    
    A. Public Hearing
    
        A public hearing will be held, if requested, to provide opportunity 
    for interested persons to make oral presentations regarding the 
    requirements in the proposed regulation in accordance with section 
    307(d)(5) of the Act. Persons wishing to make oral presentation on the 
    proposed regulation should contact EPA at the address given in the 
    ADDRESSES section of this preamble. Oral presentations will be limited 
    to 15 minutes each. Any member of the public may file a written 
    statement before, during, or within 30 days after the hearing. Written 
    statements should be addressed to the Air and Radiation Docket and 
    Information Center at the address given in the ADDRESSES section of 
    this preamble and should refer to Docket No. A-96-01. A verbatim 
    transcript of the hearing and written statements will be available for 
    inspection and copying during normal business hours at the EPA's Air 
    and Radiation Docket and Information Center in Washington, DC (see 
    ADDRESSES section of the preamble).
    
    B. Docket
    
        The docket is an organized and complete file of all the information 
    considered by EPA in the development of this rulemaking. The docket is 
    a dynamic file, since material is added throughout the rulemaking 
    development. The docketing system is intended to allow members of the 
    public and industries involved to readily identify and locate documents 
    so that they can effectively participate in the rulemaking process.
    
    C. Paperwork Reduction Act
    
        The information collection requirements in these proposed rules 
    have been submitted for approval to the Office of Management and Budget 
    (OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. An 
    Information Collection Request (ICR) document has been prepared by the 
    EPA (ICR No. 1854.01) and copies may be obtained from Sandy Farmer, 
    OPPE Regulatory Information Division; U.S. Environmental Protection 
    Agency (2137); 401 M Street, S.W.; Washington, DC 20460 or by calling 
    (202) 260-2740.
        Information is required to ensure compliance with the provisions of 
    the proposed rules. If the relevant information were collected less 
    frequently, the EPA would not be reasonably assured that a source is in 
    compliance with the proposed rules. In addition, the EPA's authority to 
    take administrative action would be reduced significantly.
        The proposed rules would require that facility owners or operators 
    retain records for a period of at least five years, which exceeds the 
    three year retention period contained in the guidelines in 5 CFR 
    1320.6. The five year retention period is consistent with the 
    provisions of the General Provisions of 40 CFR Part 63, and with the 
    five year records retention requirement in the operating permit program 
    under Title V of the CAA.
        All information submitted to the EPA for which a claim of 
    confidentiality is made will be safeguarded according to the EPA 
    policies set forth in Title 40, Chapter 1, Part 2, Subpart B, 
    Confidentiality of Business Information. See 40 CFR 2; 41 FR 36902, 
    September 1, 1976; amended by 43 FR 3999, September 8, 1978; 43 FR 
    42251, September 28, 1978; and 44 FR 17674, March 23, 1979. Even where 
    the EPA has determined that data received in response to an ICR is 
    eligible for confidential treatment under 40 CFR Part 2, Subpart B, the 
    EPA may nonetheless disclose the information if it is ``relevant in any 
    proceeding'' under the statute [42 U.S.C. 7414(C); 40 CFR 2.301(g)]. 
    The information collection complies with the Privacy Act of 1974 and 
    Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular 108.
        Information to be reported consists of emission data and other 
    information that are not of a sensitive nature. No sensitive personal 
    or proprietary data are being collected.
        The estimated annual average hour burden for CAR is about 6,600 
    hours per respondent. The estimated annual average cost of this burden 
    is about $255,000 for each of the estimated 100 (projected) 
    respondents.
        Reports are required on a semi-annual basis and as required, as in 
    the case of startup, shutdown, and malfunction plans. Burden means the 
    total time, effort, or financial resources expended by persons to 
    generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or provide information to or 
    for a Federal agency. This includes the time needed to review 
    instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology and 
    systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying 
    information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and 
    providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any 
    previously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to 
    be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; 
    complete and review the collection of information; and transmit or 
    otherwise disclose the information.
        An Agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
    to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a 
    currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for the 
    EPA's regulations are listed in 40 CFR part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15.
        Comments are requested on the EPA's need for this information, the 
    accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods 
    for minimizing respondent burden, including through the use of 
    automated collection techniques. Send comments on the ICRs to the 
    Director, OPPE Regulatory Information Division; U.S. Environmental 
    Protection Agency (2137); 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, DC 20460; and 
    to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of 
    Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20503, 
    marked ``Attention: Desk Officer for EPA.'' Include the ICR number in 
    any correspondence. Since OMB is required to make a decision concerning 
    the ICR's between 30 and 60 days after October 28, 1998, a comment to 
    OMB is best assured of having its full effect if OMB receives it by 
    November 27, 1998. The final rules will respond to any OMB or public 
    comments on the information collection requirements contained in this 
    proposal.
    
    D. Executive Order 12866
    
        Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 5173, October 4, 1993) the 
    Agency must determine whether the regulatory action is ``significant'' 
    and therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of the 
    Executive Order. The Order defines ``significant regulatory action'' as 
    one that is likely to result in a rule that may:
        (1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or 
    adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the 
    economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public 
    health or safety, or State, local or tribal governments or communities;
        (2) create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an 
    action taken or planned by another agency;
    
    [[Page 57794]]
    
        (3) materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, 
    user fees or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients 
    thereof; or
        (4) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal 
    mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in 
    the Executive Order.
        Pursuant to the terms of the Executive Order, EPA has determined 
    that this rule is a ``significant regulatory action.'' Therefore, the 
    proposed regulation presented in this notice was submitted to the OMB 
    for review as required. Any written comments from the OMB to EPA and 
    any written EPA response to those comments will be included in the 
    Docket listed at the beginning of this notice in the ADDRESSES section 
    of this preamble.
    
    E. Regulatory Flexibility Act
    
        The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq. (RFA), 
    generally requires an agency to conduct a regulatory flexibility 
    analysis of any rule subject to notice and comment rulemaking 
    requirements unless the agency contends that the rule will not have a 
    significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
    Small entities include small businesses, small not-for-profit 
    enterprises, and small governmental jurisdictions. This proposed rule 
    would not have a significant impact upon a substantial number of small 
    entities because it is an optional compliance method and does not 
    introduce any new requirements. Sources, including small entities, may 
    choose to comply with the proposed rule if they determine that it would 
    be beneficial to do so.
        Therefore, I certify that this action will not have a significant 
    economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
    
    F. Unfunded Mandates
    
        Title II of the Unfunded Mandate Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public 
    Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the 
    effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal 
    governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, the 
    EPA generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-
    benefit analysis, for the proposed and final rules with ``Federal 
    mandates'' that may result in expenditures to State, local, and tribal 
    governments, in the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 
    million or more in any one year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for 
    which a written statement is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally 
    requires the EPA to identify and consider a reasonable number of 
    regulatory alternatives and adopt the least costly, most cost-
    effective, or least burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives 
    of the rule. The provisions of section 205 do not apply when they are 
    inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover, section 205 allows the EPA 
    to adopt an alternative other than the least costly, most cost-
    effective, or least burdensome alternative if the Administrator 
    publishes with the final rule an explanation why that alternative was 
    not adopted. Before the EPA establishes any regulatory requirements 
    that may significantly or uniquely affect small governments, including 
    tribal governments, it must have developed under section 203 of the 
    UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan must provide for 
    notifying potentially affected small governments, enabling officials of 
    affected small governments to have meaningful and timely input in the 
    development of the EPA regulatory proposals with significant Federal 
    intergovernmental mandates, and informing, educating, and advising 
    small governments on compliance with the regulatory requirements.
        The EPA has determined that these rules do not contain a Federal 
    mandate that may result in expenditures of $100 million or more for 
    State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate or the private 
    sector in any one year. Thus, today's rules are not subject to the 
    requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.
        The EPA has determined that these rules contain no regulatory 
    requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect small 
    governments. No small government entities have been identified that 
    have involvement with these source categories and, as such, are not 
    covered by the regulatory requirements of the proposed regulations.
    
    G. Enhancing the Intergovernmental Partnership Under Executive Order 
    12875
    
        In compliance with Executive Order 12875, EPA has involved States 
    and local governments in the development of this rule. State and local 
    air pollution control associations participated in the regulatory 
    development and have provided regulatory review.
    
    H. Clean Air Act
    
        In accordance with section 117 of the Act, publication of this 
    proposal was preceded by consultation with appropriate advisory 
    committees, independent experts, and Federal departments and agencies. 
    This regulation will be reviewed 8 years from the date of promulgation. 
    This review will include an assessment of such factors as evaluation of 
    the residual health risks, any overlap with other programs, the 
    existence of alternative methods, enforceability, improvements in 
    emission control technology and health data, and the recordkeeping and 
    reporting requirements.
    
    I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
    
        Under section 12 of the National Technology Transfer and 
    Advancement Act of 1995, the EPA must consider the use of ``voluntary 
    consensus standards,'' if available and applicable, when implementing 
    policies and programs, unless it would be ``inconsistent with 
    applicable law or otherwise impractical.'' The intent of the National 
    Technology Transfer and Advancement Act is to reduce the costs to the 
    private and public sectors by requiring federal agencies to draw upon 
    any existing, suitable technical standards used in commerce or 
    industry.
        A ``voluntary consensus standard'' is a technical standard 
    developed or adopted by a legitimate standards-developing organization. 
    The Act defines ``technical standards'' as ``performance-based or 
    design-specific technical specifications and related management systems 
    practices.'' A legitimate standards-developing organization must 
    produce standards by consensus and observe principles of due process, 
    openness, and balance of interests. Examples of organizations that are 
    regarded as legitimate standards-developing organizations include the 
    American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), International 
    Organization for Standardization (ISO), International Electrotechnical 
    Commission (IEC), American Petroleum Institute (API), National Fire 
    Protection Association (NFPA) and Society of Automotive Engineers 
    (SAE).
        The technical standards proposed with this notice are standards 
    that have been proposed and promulgated under other rulemakings for 
    similar source control applicability and compliance determinations. 
    Since today's proposal does not involve the establishment or 
    modification of technical standards, the requirements of the National 
    Technology Transfer and Advancement Act do not apply.
    
    J. Executive Order 13045
    
        The Executive Order 13045 applies to any rule that EPA determines 
    (1) ``economically significant'' as defined under Executive order 
    12866, and (2) the environmental health or safety risk addressed by the 
    rule has a
    
    [[Page 57795]]
    
    disproportionate effect of children. If the regulatory action meets 
    both criteria, the Agency must evaluate the environment health or 
    safety effects of the planned rule on children; and explain why the 
    planned regulation is preferable to other potentially effective and 
    reasonably feasible alternatives considered by the Agency.
        This proposed rule is not subject to E.O. 13045, entitled 
    ``Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety 
    Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because it does not involve 
    decisions on environmental health risks or safety risks that may 
    disproportionately affect children.
    
    K. Executive Order 13084: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
    Tribal Governments
    
        Under Executive Order 13084, EPA may not issue a regulation that is 
    not required by statute, that significantly or uniquely affects the 
    communities of Indian tribal governments, and that imposes substantial 
    direct compliance costs on those communities, unless the Federal 
    government provides the funds necessary to pay the direct compliance 
    costs incurred by the tribal governments. If the mandate is unfunded, 
    EPA must provide to the Office of Management and Budget, in a 
    separately identified section of the preamble to the rule, a 
    description of the extent of EPA's prior consultation with 
    representatives of affected tribal governments, a summary of the nature 
    of their concerns, and a statement supporting the need to issue the 
    regulation. In addition, Executive Order 13084 requires EPA to develop 
    an effective process permitting elected and other representatives of 
    Indian tribal governments ``to provide meaningful and timely input in 
    the development of regulatory policies on matters that significantly or 
    uniquely affect their communities.'' Today's rule does not 
    significantly or uniquely affect the communities of Indian tribal 
    governments. Accordingly, the requirements of section 3(b) of Executive 
    Order 13084 do not apply to this rule.
    
    List of Subjects
    
    40 CFR Part 60
    
        Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
    Air pollution control, Chemical manufacturing, Intergovernmental 
    relations, Volatile organic compounds, Hazardous substances, Reporting 
    and recordkeeping requirements, Incorporation by reference.
    
    40 CFR Part 61
    
        Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
    Air pollution control, Chemical manufacturing, Intergovernmental 
    relations, Volatile organic compounds, Hazardous substances, Reporting 
    and recordkeeping requirements, Incorporation by reference.
    
    40 CFR Part 63
    
        Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
    Air pollution control, Chemical manufacturing, Intergovernmental 
    relations, Volatile organic compounds, Hazardous substances, Reporting 
    and recordkeeping requirements, Incorporation by reference.
    
    40 CFR Part 65
    
        Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, 
    Air pollution control, Chemical manufacturing, Intergovernmental 
    relations, Volatile organic compounds, Hazardous substances, Reporting 
    and recordkeeping requirements, Incorporation by reference.
    
        Dated: September 28, 1998.
    Carol M. Browner,
    Administrator.
    
        For the reasons cited in the preamble, the Environmental Protection 
    Agency proposes to amend 40 CFR parts 60, 61, and 63 and to add 40 CFR 
    part 65 as follows:
    
    PART 60--STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES
    
        1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:
    
        Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, 7411, 7413, 7414, 7416, 7601 and 
    7602.
    
    Subpart Ka--Standards of Performance for Storage Vessels for 
    Petroleum Liquids for Which Construction, Reconstruction, or 
    Modification Commenced After May 18, 1978, and Prior to July 23, 
    1984
    
        2. Section 60.110a is amended by revising paragraph (a), and adding 
    paragraphs (c), (d), (e), and (f) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.110a  Applicability and designation of affected facility.
    
        (a) Affected facility. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this 
    section, the affected facility to which this subpart applies is each 
    storage vessel with a storage capacity greater than 151,416 liters 
    (40,000 gallons) that is used to store petroleum liquids for which 
    construction is commenced after May 18, 1978.
    * * * * *
        (c) Alternative means of compliance--SOCMI CAR unit basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 60.112a through 60.114a, as provided 
    in paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section, for all storage vessels that 
    are subject to this subpart that store petroleum liquids that, as 
    stored, have a maximum true vapor pressure equal to or greater than 
    10.3 kPa (1.5 psia), and that are part of a SOCMI CAR unit. A SOCMI CAR 
    unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions applying 
    to owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are 
    provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (d) Alternative means of compliance--affected source basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 60.112a through 60.114a, as provided 
    in paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section, for any storage vessels that 
    are subject to this subpart that store petroleum liquids that, as 
    stored, have a maximum true vapor pressure equal to or greater than 
    10.3 kPa (1.5 psia), and that are not part of a SOCMI CAR unit, but are 
    located at the same plant site as a SOCMI CAR unit that is complying 
    with 40 CFR part 65. A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of 
    subpart A. Other provisions applying to owners or operators who choose 
    to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (e) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, as provided in paragraph (c) or (d) of 
    this section, must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 60.5, 60.6, 
    60.14, 60.15, 60.16, and 60.7 (a)(1) and (a)(4) of subpart A for those 
    storage vessels. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part 
    that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply to owners or 
    operators of storage vessels complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, 
    except that provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR 
    part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart A.
        (f) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable
    
    [[Page 57796]]
    
    subparts of 40 CFR part 65 for all equipment, process vents, loading 
    racks (transfer racks) or storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR 
    unit, that are subject to a CAR referencing subpart, and that are 
    eligible to comply with the CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR 
    referencing subparts are defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        3. Section 60.115a is amended by revising paragraph (d)(2) as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.115a  Monitoring of operations.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) * * *
        (2) The owner or operator of each storage vessel equipped with a 
    vapor recovery and return or disposal system in accordance with the 
    requirements of Sec. 60.112a(a)(3) and (b), or a closed vent system and 
    control device meeting the specifications of 40 CFR 65.42(b)(4), 
    (b)(5), (c)(1), or (c)(2).
    
    Subpart Kb--Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid 
    Storage Vessels (Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels) for 
    Which Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification Commenced After 
    July 23, 1984
    
        4. Section 60.110b is amended by adding paragraphs (e), (f), (g), 
    (h), (i), and (j) as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.110b  Applicability and designation of affected facility.
    
    * * * * *
        (e) Alternative means of compliance--SOCMI CAR unit basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 60.112b through 60.117b, as provided 
    in paragraphs (g), (h), (i) and (j) of this section, for all storage 
    vessels that are subject to this subpart that meet the specifications 
    in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section, and that are part of a 
    SOCMI CAR unit. When choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, 
    as provided in paragraphs (g), (h), (i) and (j) of this section, the 
    monitoring requirements of Sec. 60.116b(c), (e), (f)(1), and (g) remain 
    in effect. A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2, subpart A. Other 
    provisions applying to owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 
    CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (1) A storage vessel with a design capacity greater than or equal 
    to 151 m3 containing a VOL that, as stored, has a maximum 
    true vapor pressure equal to or greater than 5.2 kPa, or
        (2) A storage vessel with a design capacity greater than 75 m 
    3 but less than 151 m 3 containing a VOL that, as 
    stored, has a maximum true vapor pressure equal to or greater than 27.6 
    kPa.
        (f) Alternative means of compliance--affected source basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 60.112b through 60.117b, as provided 
    in paragraphs (g), (h), (i) and (j) of this section, for any storage 
    vessels that are subject to this subpart, that meet the specifications 
    in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section, and that are not part 
    of a SOCMI CAR unit, but are located at the same plant site as a SOCMI 
    CAR unit that is complying with 40 CFR part 65. When choosing to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, as provided in paragraphs (g), (h), (i) 
    and (j) of this section, the monitoring requirements of 
    Sec. 60.116b(c), (e), (f)(1), and (g) remain in effect. A SOCMI CAR 
    unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions applying 
    to owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are 
    provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (g) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, as provided in paragraphs (e) or (f) of 
    this section, must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 60.5, 60.6, 
    60.14, 60.15, 60.16, and 60.7(a)(1) and (a)(4) of subpart A for those 
    storage vessels. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part 
    that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply to owners or 
    operators of storage vessels complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, 
    except that provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR 
    part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart A.
        (h) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks) or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        (i) Internal Floating roof report. If an owner or operator installs 
    an internal floating roof and, at initial startup, chooses to comply 
    with the CAR, as provided in paragraphs (e) or (f) of this section, a 
    report shall be furnished to the Administrator stating that the control 
    equipment meets the specifications of 40 CFR 65.43 of subpart C. This 
    report shall be an attachment to the notification required by 40 CFR 
    65.5(b) of subpart A.
        (j) External Floating roof report. If an owner or operator installs 
    an external floating roof and, at initial startup, chooses to comply 
    with the CAR, as provided in paragraphs (e) or (f) of this section, a 
    report shall be furnished to the Administrator stating that the control 
    equipment meets the specifications of 40 CFR 65.44 of subpart C. This 
    report shall be an attachment to the notification required by 40 CFR 
    65.5(b) of subpart A.
        5. Section 60.116b is amended by revising paragraph (g) as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.116b  Monitoring of operations.
    
    * * * * *
        (g) The owner or operator of each vessel equipped with a closed 
    vent system and control device meeting the specification of 
    Sec. 60.112b or with emissions reductions equipment as specified in 40 
    CFR 65.42(b)(4), (b)(5), (b)(6), or (c) of subpart C is exempt from the 
    requirements of paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
    
    Subpart VV--Standards of Performance for Equipment Leaks of VOC in 
    the Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing Industry
    
        6. Section 60.480 is amended by adding paragraph (e) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.480  Applicability and designation of affected facility.
    
    * * * * *
        (e) Alternative means of compliance. Owners or operators of 
    equipment that is subject to this subpart may choose to comply with the 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 65, subpart F to satisfy the requirements of 
    Secs. 60.482 through 60.487 of this subpart, as provided in paragraphs 
    (e)(1) and (e)(2). When choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart 
    F, as provided in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2), the requirements of 
    Secs. 60.482-1(a), 60.485(d), (e), and (f), and 60.486(i) and (j) 
    apply. Other provisions applying to an owner or operator who chooses to 
    comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (1) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart F must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 
    60.5, 60.6, 60.14, 60.15, 60.16, and 60.7(a)(1) and (a)(4) of subpart A 
    of this part for that equipment. All sections and paragraphs of subpart 
    A of this part that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply to 
    owners or operators of
    
    [[Page 57797]]
    
    equipment subject to this subpart complying with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart F, except that provisions required to be met prior to 
    implementing 40 CFR part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who 
    choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart F, must comply with 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (2) Comply on a SOCMI unit basis. When choosing to comply with any 
    subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading rack 
    (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks), or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        7. Section 60.481 is amended by revising the definition of ``closed 
    vent system'' and adding in alphabetical order the definitions of 
    ``duct work,'' ``hard-piping,'' and ``sampling connection system,'' to 
    read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.481  Definitions.
    
    * * * * *
        Closed vent system means a system that is not open to the 
    atmosphere and that is composed of hard-piping, ductwork connections, 
    and, if necessary, flow-inducing devices that transport gas or vapor 
    from a piece or pieces of equipment to a control device or back to a 
    process.
    * * * * *
        Duct work means a conveyance system such as those commonly used for 
    heating and ventilation systems. It is often made of sheet metal and 
    often has sections connected by screws or crimping. Hard-piping is not 
    ductwork.
    * * * * *
        Hard-piping means pipe or tubing that is manufactured and properly 
    installed using good engineering judgement and standards such as ANSI 
    B31-3.
    * * * * *
        Sampling connection system means an assembly of equipment within a 
    process unit used during periods of representative operation to take 
    samples of the process fluid. Equipment used to take non-routine grab 
    samples is not considered a sampling connection system.
    * * * * *
        8. Section 60.482-1 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-1  Standards: General.
    
        (a) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart shall demonstrate compliance with the requirements of 
    Secs. 60.482-1 to 60.482-10 or 60.480(e) for all equipment within 180 
    days of initial startup.
    * * * * *
        9. Section 60.482-2 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(1)(ii) 
    and (f), and adding paragraphs (g) and (h) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-2  Standards: Pumps in light liquid service.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) * * *
        (1) * * *
        (ii) Equipment with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is 
    routed to a process or fuel gas system connected by a closed vent 
    system to a control device that complies with the requirements of 
    Sec. 60.482-10; or
    * * * * *
        (f) If any pump is equipped with a closed vent system capable of 
    capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals to a 
    process or to a fuel gas system or to a control device that complies 
    with the requirements of Sec. 60.482-10, it is exempt from the 
    paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
        (g) Any pump that is designated, as described in Sec. 60.486(f)(1), 
    as an unsafe-to-monitor pump is exempt from the requirements of 
    paragraph (a) of this section if:
        (1) The owner or operator of the pump demonstrates that the pump is 
    unsafe-to-monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an 
    immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (a) of 
    this section; and
        (2) The owner or operator of the pump has a written plan that 
    requires monitoring of the pump as frequently as practicable during 
    safe-to-monitor times.
        (h) Any pump that is located within the boundary of an unmanned 
    plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirement of 
    paragraphs (a)(2) and (d)(4) of this section, and provided that each 
    pump is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least 
    monthly.
        10. Section 60.482-3 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(2) and 
    (h) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-3  Standards: Compressors.
    
    * * * * *
        (b) * * *
        (2) Equipped with a barrier fluid system degassing reservoir that 
    is routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed vent 
    system to a control device that complies with the requirements of 
    Sec. 60.482-10; or
    * * * * *
        (h) A compressor is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) 
    and (b) of this section, if it is equipped with a closed vent system to 
    capture and transport leakage from the compressor drive shaft back to a 
    process or fuel gas system or to a control device that complies with 
    the requirements of Sec. 60.482-10, except as provided in paragraph (i) 
    of this section.
    * * * * *
        11. Section 60.482-4 is amended by revising paragraph (c), and 
    adding paragraph (d) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-4  Standards: Pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service.
    
    * * * * *
        (c) Any pressure relief device that is routed to a process or fuel 
    gas system equipped with a closed vent system capable of capturing and 
    transporting leakage through the pressure relief device to a control 
    device as described in Sec. 60.482-10 is exempted from the requirements 
    of paragraphs (a) and (b).
        (d)(1) Any pressure relief device that is equipped with a rupture 
    disk upstream of the pressure relief device is exempt from the 
    requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, provided the 
    owner or operator complies with the requirements in paragraph (d)(2) of 
    this section.
        (2) After each pressure release, a rupture disk shall be installed 
    upstream of the pressure relief device as soon as practicable, but no 
    later than 5 calendar days after each pressure release, except as 
    provided in Sec. 60.482-9 of this subpart.
        12. Section 60.482-5 is amended by adding paragraph (b)(4) to read 
    as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-5  Standards: Sampling connection systems.
    
    * * * * *
        (b) * * *
        (4) Collect, store, and transport the purged process fluid to a 
    system or facility identified in paragraph (b)(4)(i), (b)(4)(ii), or 
    (b)(4)(iii) of this section.
        (i) A waste management unit as defined in 40 CFR 63.111 of subpart 
    G, if the waste management unit is subject to, and operated in 
    compliance with the provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G applicable 
    to Group 1 wastewater streams.
        (ii) A treatment, storage, or disposal facility subject to 
    regulation under 40 CFR part 262, 264, 265, or 266; or
        (iii) A facility permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to 
    manage municipal or industrial solid waste, if
    
    [[Page 57798]]
    
    the process fluids are not hazardous waste as defined in 40 CFR part 
    261.
    * * * * *
        13. Section 60.482-6 is amended by adding paragraphs (d) and (e) to 
    read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-6  Standards: Open-ended valves or lines.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) Open-ended valves or lines in an emergency shutdown system 
    which are designed to open automatically in the event of a process 
    upset are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) 
    of this section.
        (e) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which would 
    autocatalytically polymerize or, would present an explosion, serious 
    overpressure, or other safety hazard if capped or equipped with a 
    double block and bleed system as specified in paragraphs (a) through 
    (c) of this section are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) 
    through (c) of this section.
        14. Section 60.482-10 is amended by revising paragraphs (b) and (c) 
    to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.482-10  Standards: Closed vent systems and control devices.
    
    * * * * *
        (b) Vapor recovery systems (for example, condensers and absorbers) 
    shall be designed and operated to recover the VOC emissions vented to 
    them with an efficiency of 95 percent or greater, or to an exit 
    concentration of 20 parts per million by volume, whichever is less 
    stringent.
        (c) Enclosed combustion devices shall be designed and operated to 
    reduce the VOC emissions vented to them with an efficiency of 95 
    percent or greater, or to an exit concentration of 20 parts per million 
    by volume, on a dry basis, corrected to 3 percent oxygen, whichever is 
    less stringent or to provide a minimum residence time of 0.75 seconds 
    at a minimum temperature of 816  deg.C.
    * * * * *
        15. Section 60.486 is amended by revising paragraphs (f) 
    introductory text and (f)(1) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.486  Recordkeeping requirements.
    
    * * * * *
        (f) The following information pertaining to all valves subject to 
    the requirements of Sec. 60.482-7 (g) and (h) and to all pumps subject 
    to the requirements of Sec. 60.482-2(g) shall be recorded in a log that 
    is kept in a readily accessible location:
        (1) A list of identification numbers for valves and pumps that are 
    designated as unsafe-to-monitor, an explanation for each valve or pump 
    stating why the valve or pump is unsafe-to-monitor, and the plan for 
    monitoring each valve or pump.
    * * * * *
    
    Subpart DDD--Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Compound 
    Emissions From the Polymer Manufacturing Industry
    
        16. Section 60.560 is amended by adding paragraphs (j), (k), (l), 
    and (m) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.560  Applicability and designation of affected facilities.
    
    * * * * *
        (j) Alternative means of compliance--SOCMI CAR unit basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart G for 
    continuous process vents that are subject to this subpart, that meet 
    the specifications in Sec. 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A), (a)(1)(i)(B), or 
    (a)(1)(i)(C) where control is required as determined in Sec. 60.562-
    1(a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii), and that are part of a SOCMI CAR unit. The 
    requirements of 40 CFR part 65, subpart G satisfy the requirements of 
    paragraph (c) of this section and Secs. 60.563 through 60.566, except 
    for 60.565(g)(1) and (l). A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of 
    subpart A. Other provisions applying to owners or operators who choose 
    to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (k) Alternative means of compliance--affected source basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart G for 
    continuous process vents that are subject to this subpart, that meet 
    the specifications in Sec. 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A), (a)(1)(i)(B), or 
    (a)(1)(i)(C) where control is required as determined in Sec. 60.562-
    1(a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii), and that are not part of a SOCMI CAR unit, 
    but that are located at the same plant site as a SOCMI CAR unit that is 
    complying with 40 CFR, part 65. The requirements of 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart G satisfy the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section and 
    Secs. 60.563 through 60.566, except for 60.565(g)(1) and (l). A SOCMI 
    CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions 
    applying to owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 
    65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (l) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart G, as provided in paragraphs (j) or (k) of 
    this section, must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 60.5, 60.6, 
    60.14, 60.15, and 60.16, and 60.7(a)(1) and (a)(4) of subpart A for 
    those process vents. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this 
    part that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply to owners or 
    operators of process vents complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart G, 
    except that provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR 
    part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart G, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart A.
        (m) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks) or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        17. Section 60.565 is amended by revising paragraphs (g) 
    introductory text and (l) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.565  Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
    
    * * * * *
        (g) Each owner or operator of an affected facility subject to the 
    provisions of this subpart and seeking to demonstrate compliance with 
    Sec. 60.560(j) or Sec. 60.560(k) or Sec. 60.562-1 shall keep up-to-
    date, readily accessible records of:
    * * * * *
        (l) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart shall notify the Administrator of the specific provisions of 
    Secs. 60.562, 60.560(d), or 60.560(e), as applicable, with which the 
    owner or operator has elected to comply. Notification shall be 
    submitted with the notifications of initial startup required by 
    Sec. 60.7(a)(3) or 40 CFR 65.5(b) of subpart A. If an owner or operator 
    elects at a later date to use an alternative provision of Sec. 60.562 
    with which he or she will comply or becomes subject to Sec. 60.562 for 
    the first time [i.e., the owner or operator can no longer meet the 
    requirements of this subpart by complying with the uncontrolled 
    threshold emission rate cutoff provision in Sec. 60.560(d) or (e)], 
    then the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator 90 days 
    before implementing a change and, upon implementing a change, a 
    performance test shall be performed as specified in Sec. 60.564 or 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart A.
    * * * * *
    
    [[Page 57799]]
    
    Subpart III--Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Compound 
    (VOC) Emissions From the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing 
    Industry (SOCMI) Air Oxidation Unit Processes
    
        18. Section 60.610 is amended by adding paragraphs (d) and (e) to 
    read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.610  Applicability and designation of affected facility.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) Alternative means of compliance. Owners or operators of process 
    vents that are subject to this subpart may choose to comply with the 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 65, subpart D to satisfy the requirements of 
    paragraph (c) of this section and Secs. 60.612 through 60.615 of this 
    subpart, except Sec. 60.615(a), as provided in paragraphs (d)(1), 
    (d)(2) and (e) of this section. Other provisions applying to an owner 
    or operator who chooses to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 
    40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (1) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart D must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 
    60.5, 60.6, 60.14, 60.15, 60.16, and 60.7(a)(1) and (a)(4) of subpart A 
    of this part for those process vents. All sections and paragraphs of 
    subpart A of this part that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not 
    apply to owners or operators of process vents complying with 40 CFR 
    part 65, subpart D, except that provisions required to be met prior to 
    implementing 40 CFR part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who 
    choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart D, must comply with 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (2) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, transfer 
    rack or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or operators must 
    also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 65 for all 
    equipment, process vents, transfer racks or storage vessels that are 
    within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to a CAR referencing 
    subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit 
    and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart 
    A.
        (e) Compliance date. Owners or operators who choose to comply with 
    40 CFR part 65, subpart D at initial startup shall comply with 
    paragraph (d) of this section for each vent stream on and after the 
    date on which the initial performance test is completed, but not later 
    than 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the 
    affected facility will be operated, or 180 days after the initial 
    start-up, whichever date comes first.
        19. Section 60.615 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.615  Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
    
        (a) Each owner or operator subject to Sec. 60.612 or Sec. 60.610(d) 
    shall notify the Administrator of the specific provisions of 
    Sec. 60.612 [Sec. 60.612 (a), (b), or (c)] or 40 CFR 65.63 of subpart D 
    [40 CFR 65.63 (a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(3)] with which the owner or 
    operator has elected to comply. Notification shall be submitted with 
    the notification of initial start-up required by Sec. 60.7(a)(3) or 40 
    CFR 65.5(b) of subpart A as applicable. If an owner or operator elects 
    at a later date to use an alternative provision of Sec. 60.612 with 
    which he or she will comply, then the Administrator shall be notified 
    by the owner or operator 90 days before implementing a change and, upon 
    implementing the change, a performance test shall be performed as 
    specified by Sec. 60.614 within 180 days.
    * * * * *
    
    Subpart NNN--Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Compound 
    Emissions from Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry 
    Distillation Operations
    
        20. Section 60.660 is amended by adding paragraphs (d) and (e) to 
    read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.660  Applicability and designation of affected facility.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) Alternative means of compliance. Owners or operators of process 
    vents that are subject to this subpart may choose to comply with the 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 65, subpart D to satisfy the requirements of 
    paragraph (c)(4) and (c)(6) of this section and Secs. 60.662 through 
    60.665 of this subpart, except Sec. 60.665(a), as provided in 
    paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2) and (e). Other provisions applying to an 
    owner or operator who chooses to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are 
    provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (1) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart D must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 
    60.5, 60.6, 60.14, 60.15, 60.16, and 60.7 (a)(1) and (a)(4) of subpart 
    A of this part for those process vents. All sections and paragraphs of 
    subpart A of this part that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not 
    apply to owners or operators of process vents complying with 40 CFR 
    part 65, subpart D, except that provisions required to be met prior to 
    implementing 40 CFR part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who 
    choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart D, must comply with 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (2) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks), or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        (e) Compliance date. Owners or operators who choose to comply with 
    40 CFR part 65, subpart D, at initial startup shall comply with 
    paragraph (d) of this section for each vent stream on and after the 
    date on which the initial performance test is completed, but not later 
    than 60 days after achieving the maximum production rate at which the 
    affected facility will be operated, or 180 days after the initial 
    start-up, whichever date comes first.
        21. Section 60.665 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (l)(6) 
    to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.665  Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
    
        (a) Each owner or operator subject to Secs. 60.662 or 60.660(d) 
    shall notify the Administrator or the specific provisions of 
    Sec. 60.662 [Sec. 60.662(a), (b), or (c)] or 40 CFR 65.63 of subpart D 
    [40 CFR 65.63(a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(3)] with which the owner or 
    operator has elected to comply. Notification shall be submitted with 
    the notification of initial start-up required by Sec. 60.7(a)(3) or 40 
    CFR 65.5(b) of subpart A, as applicable. If an owner or operator elects 
    at a later date to use an alternative provision of Sec. 60.662 with 
    which he or she will comply, then the Administrator shall be notified 
    by the owner or operator 90 days before implementing a change and, upon 
    implementing the change, a performance test shall be performed as 
    specified by Sec. 60.664 no later than 180 days from initial start-up.
    * * * * *
        (l) * * *
        (6) Any change in equipment or process operation, as recorded under 
    Sec. 60.665(j) that increases the design production capacity above the 
    low capacity exemption level in Sec. 60.660(c)(5) and the new capacity 
    resulting from the change for the
    
    [[Page 57800]]
    
    destination process unit containing the affected facility. These must 
    be reported as soon as possible after the change and no later than 180 
    days after the change. These reports may be submitted either in 
    conjunction with semiannual reports or as a single separate report. A 
    performance test must be completed within the same time period to 
    obtain the vent stream flow rate, heating value, and ETOC. 
    The performance test is subject to the requirements of Sec. 60.8 of the 
    General Provisions. Unless the facility qualifies for an exemption 
    under the low flow exemption in Sec. 60.660(c)(6), the facility must 
    begin compliance with the requirements set forth in Secs. 60.662 or 
    60.660(d).
    * * * * *
    
    Subpart RRR--Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Compound 
    Emissions From Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry 
    (SOCMI) Reactor Processes
    
        22. Section 60.700 is amended by adding paragraphs (d) and (e) to 
    read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.700  Applicability and designation of affected facility.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) Alternative means of compliance. Owners or operators of process 
    vents that are subject to this subpart may choose to comply with the 
    provisions of 40 CFR part 65, subpart D to satisfy the requirements of 
    paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(4), and (c)(8) of this section and Secs. 60.702 
    through 60.705 of this subpart, except Sec. 60.705(a), as provided in 
    paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2) and (e). Other provisions applying to an 
    owner or operator who chooses to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are 
    provided in 40 CFR 65.1, of subpart A.
        (1) Part 60 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart D must also comply with Secs. 60.1, 60.2, 
    60.5, 60.6, 60.14, 60.15, 60.16, and 60.7(a)(1), (a)(2), and (a)(4) of 
    subpart A of this part for those process vents. All sections and 
    paragraphs of subpart A of this part that are not mentioned in this 
    paragraph do not apply to owners or operators of process vents 
    complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart D, except that provisions 
    required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR part 65 remain in 
    effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart D, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (2) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack), or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks), or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2, subpart A.
        (e) Owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart D at initial startup shall comply with paragraph (d) of this 
    section for each vent stream on and after the date on which the initial 
    performance test is completed, but not later than 60 days after 
    achieving the maximum production rate at which the affected facility 
    will be operated, or 180 days after the initial start-up, whichever 
    date comes first.
        23. Section 60.705 is amended by revising paragraphs (a) and (l)(5) 
    to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 60.705  Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
    
        (a) Each owner or operator subject to Secs. 60.702 or 60.700(d) 
    shall notify the Administrator or the specific provisions of 
    Sec. 60.702 [Sec. 60.702(a), (b), or (c)] or 40 CFR 65.63 of subpart D 
    [40 CFR 65.63(a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(3)] with which the owner or 
    operator has elected to comply. Notification shall be submitted with 
    the notification of initial start-up required by Sec. 60.7(a)(3) or 40 
    CFR 65.5(b) of subpart A, as applicable. If an owner or operator elects 
    at a later date to use an alternative provision of Sec. 60.702 with 
    which he or she will comply, then the Administrator shall be notified 
    by the owner or operator 90 days before implementing a change and, upon 
    implementing the change, a performance test shall be performed as 
    specified by Sec. 60.704 no later than 180 days from initial start-up.
    * * * * *
        (l) * * *
        (5) Any change in equipment or process operation, as recorded under 
    Sec. 60.705(i), that increases the design production capacity above the 
    low capacity exemption level in Sec. 60.700(c)(3) and the new capacity 
    resulting from the change for the reactor process unit containing the 
    affected facility. These must be reported as soon as possible after the 
    change and no later than 180 days after the change. These reports may 
    be submitted either in conjunction with semiannual reports or as a 
    single separate report. A performance test must be completed within the 
    same time period to obtain the vent stream flow rate, heating value, 
    and ETOC. The performance test is subject to the requirements of 
    Sec. 60.8 of the General Provisions. Unless the facility qualifies for 
    an exemption under any of the exemption provisions listed in 
    Sec. 60.700(c), the facility must begin compliance with the 
    requirements set forth in Sec. 60.702 or Sec. 60.700(d).
    * * * * *
    
    PART 61--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
    
        1. The authority citation for part 61 continues to read as follows:
    
        Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, 7412, 7413, 7414, 7416, 7601 and 
    7602.
    
    Subpart V--National Emission Standard for Equipment Leaks (Fugitive 
    Emission Sources)
    
        2. Section 61.240 is amended by revising paragraph (a) and adding 
    paragraphs (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), and (i) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.240  Applicability and designation of sources.
    
        (a) The provisions of this subpart apply to each of the following 
    sources that are intended to operate in volatile hazardous air 
    pollutant (VHAP) service: pumps, compressors, pressure relief devices, 
    sampling connection systems, open-ended valves or lines, valves, 
    connectors, surge control vessels, bottoms receivers, and control 
    devices or systems required by this subpart.
    * * * * *
        (d) Alternative means of compliance--SOCMI CAR unit basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, to satisfy the 
    requirements of Secs. 61.242-1 through 61.247, as provided in 
    paragraphs (f) through (i) of this section, for all equipment that is 
    subject to this subpart and that is part of a SOCMI CAR unit. When 
    choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, the requirements of 
    Secs. 61.245(d), 61.246(i) and (j), and 61.247(a) and (f) still apply. 
    A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other 
    provisions applying to owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 
    CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (e) Alternative means of compliance--affected source basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, to satisfy the 
    requirements of Secs. 61.242-1 through 61.247, as provided in 
    paragraphs (f) through (i) of this section, for any equipment that is 
    subject to this subpart and that is not part of a SOCMI CAR unit, but 
    is located at the same plant site as a SOCMI CAR
    
    [[Page 57801]]
    
    unit that is complying with 40 CFR part 65. When choosing to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, the requirements of Secs. 61.245(d), 61.246(i) and 
    (j), and 61.247(a) and (f) still apply. A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions applying to owners or 
    operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 
    CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (f) Surge control vessels and bottoms receivers. For owners or 
    operators choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65 as provided in 
    paragraphs (d) or (e) of this section, each surge control vessel and 
    bottoms receiver subject to this subpart that meets the conditions 
    specified in table 1 or table 2 of this subpart shall meet the 
    requirements for storage vessels in 40 CFR part 65, subpart C; all 
    other equipment subject to this subpart shall meet the requirements in 
    40 CFR part 65, subpart F.
        (g) Part 61 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C or F, as provided in paragraphs (d) or 
    (e) of this section, must also comply with Secs. 61.01, 61.02, 61.05 
    through 61.08, 61.11, 61.15, and 61.10(b) through (d) of subpart A for 
    that equipment. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part 
    that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply to owners or 
    operators of equipment subject to this subpart complying with 40 CFR 
    part 65, subparts C or F, except that provisions required to be met 
    prior to implementing 40 CFR part 65 still apply. Owners and operators 
    who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C or F, must comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (h) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks) or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 40 
    CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        (i) Rules referencing this subpart. Owners or operators referenced 
    to this subpart from subpart F or J of this part may choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65 for all equipment listed in paragraph (a) of this 
    section as provided in paragraph (d) or (e) of this section.
    
    
    Sec. 61.241  [Amended]
    
        3. Section 61.241 is amended by revising the definitions of closed-
    vent system and equipment, adding in alphabetical order the definitions 
    of duct work, hard-piping, maximum true vapor pressure, sampling 
    connection system, and surge control vessel, and removing the 
    definition of product accumulator vessel.
    
    
    Sec. 61.241  Definitions.
    
    * * * * *
        Closed-vent system means a system that is not open to atmosphere 
    and that is composed of hard-piping, ductwork, connections, and, if 
    necessary, flow-inducing devices that transport gas or vapor from a 
    piece or pieces of equipment to a control device or back to a process.
    * * * * *
        Duct work means a conveyance system such as those commonly used for 
    heating and ventilation systems. It is often made of sheet metal and 
    often has sections connected by screws or crimping. Hard-piping is not 
    ductwork.
        Equipment means each pump, compressor, pressure relief device, 
    sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line, valve, connector, 
    surge control vessel, bottoms receiver in VHAP service, and any control 
    devices or systems required by this subpart.
    * * * * *
        Hard-piping means pipe or tubing that is manufactured and properly 
    installed using good engineering judgement and standards such as ANSI 
    B31-3.
    * * * * *
        Maximum true vapor pressure means the equilibrium partial pressure 
    exerted by the total organic HAP in the stored or transferred liquid at 
    the temperature equal to the highest calendar-month average of the 
    liquid storage or transfer temperature for liquids stored or 
    transferred above or below the ambient temperature or at the local 
    maximum monthly average temperature as reported by the National Weather 
    Service for liquids stored or transferred at the ambient temperature, 
    as determined:
        (1) In accordance with methods described in American Petroleum 
    Institute Publication 2517, Evaporative Loss From External Floating-
    Roof Tanks (incorporated by reference as specified in 40 CFR 63.14 of 
    subpart A); or
        (2) As obtained from standard reference texts; or
        (3) As determined by the American Society for Testing and Materials 
    Method D2879-83 (incorporated by reference as specified in 40 CFR 63.14 
    of subpart A); or
        (4) Any other method approved by the Administrator.
    * * * * *
        Sampling connection system means an assembly of equipment within a 
    process unit used during periods of representative operation to take 
    samples of the process fluid. Equipment used to take non-routine grab 
    samples is not considered a sampling connection system.
    * * * * *
        Surge control vessel means feed drums, recycle drums, and 
    intermediate vessels. Surge control vessels are used within a process 
    unit when in-process storage, mixing, or management of flow rates of 
    volumes is needed on a recurring or ongoing basis to assist in 
    production of a product.
    * * * * *
        4. Section 61.242-2 is amended by redesignating paragraph (g) as 
    (h) and by revising paragraphs (a)(1), (d)(1)(ii), (d)(6)(iv), and (f), 
    and by adding paragraph (g), and by revising newly redesignated 
    paragraph (h) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-2  Standards: Pumps.
    
        (a)(1) Each pump shall be monitored monthly to detect leaks by the 
    methods specified in Sec. 61.245(b), except as provided in Sec. 61.242-
    1(c) and paragraphs (d), (e), (f) and (g) of this section.
    * * * * *
        (d) * * *
        (1) * * *
        (ii) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is 
    routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed-vent 
    system to a control device that complies with the requirements of 
    Sec. 61.242-11; or
    * * * * *
        (6) * * *
        (iv) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 
    calendar days after each leak is detected. If there are indications of 
    liquids dripping from the pump seal or the sensor indicates failure of 
    the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both based on the 
    criterion determined in paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this section, a leak is 
    detected.
    * * * * *
        (f) If any pump is equipped with a closed-vent system capable of 
    capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals to a 
    process or fuel gas system or to a control device that complies with 
    the requirements of Sec. 61.242-11, it is exempt from the requirements 
    of paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
        (g) Any pump that is designated, a described in Sec. 65.246(f)(1), 
    as an unsafe-
    
    [[Page 57802]]
    
    to-monitor pump is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (a) of 
    this section if:
        (1) The owner or operator of the pump demonstrates that the pump is 
    unsafe-to-monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an 
    immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (a) of 
    this section; and
        (2) The owner or operator of the pump has a written plan that 
    requires monitoring of the pump as frequently as practicable during 
    safe-to-monitor times.
        (h) Any pump that is located within the boundary of an unmanned 
    plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirement of 
    paragraphs (a)(2) and (d)(4) of this section, and the daily 
    requirements of paragraph (d)(5) of this section, provided that each 
    pump is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least 
    monthly.
        5. Section 61.242-3 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(2) and 
    (h) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-3  Standards: Compressors.
    
    * * * * *
        (b) * * *
        (2) Equipped with a barrier fluid system degassing reservoir that 
    is routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed-vent 
    system to a control device that complies with the requirements of 
    Sec. 61.242-11; or
    * * * * *
        (h) A compressor is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) 
    and (b) of this section if it is equipped with a closed-vent system to 
    capture and transport leakage from the compressor drive shaft back to a 
    process or to a fuel gas system or to a control device that complies 
    with the requirements of Sec. 61.242-11, except as provided in 
    paragraph (i) of this section.
    * * * * *
        6. Section 61.242-4 is amended by revising paragraph (c) and adding 
    paragraph (d) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-4  Standards: Pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service.
    
    * * * * *
        (c) Any pressure relief device that is routed to a process or fuel 
    gas system equipped with a closed-vent system capable of capturing and 
    transporting leakage from the pressure relief device to a control 
    device as described in Sec. 61.242-11 is exempt from the requirements 
    of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
        (d)(1) Any pressure relief device that is equipped with a rupture 
    disk upstream of the pressure relief device is exempt from the 
    requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, provided the 
    owner or operator complies with the requirements in paragraph (d)(2) of 
    this section.
        (2) After each pressure release, a rupture disk shall be installed 
    upstream of the pressure relief device as soon as practicable, but no 
    later than 5 calendar days after each pressure release, except as 
    provided in Sec. 61.242-10 of this subpart.
        7. Section 61.242-5 is amended by revising paragraphs (a), (b) 
    introductory text, (b)(1), (b)(2), and (c), and adding paragraph (b)(4) 
    to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-5  Standards: Sampling connecting systems.
    
        (a) Each sampling connection system shall be equipped with a 
    closed-purge, closed-loop, closed loop, or closed vent system, except 
    as provided in Sec. 61.242-1(c).
        (b) Each closed-purge, closed-loop, or closed vent system as 
    required in paragraph (a) of this section shall comply with the 
    requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this 
    section:
        (1) Return the purged process fluid directly to the process line; 
    or
        (2) Collect and recycle the purged process fluid; or
    * * * * *
        (4) Collect, store, and transport the purged process fluid to a 
    system or facility identified in paragraph (b)(4)(i), (b)(4)(ii), or 
    (b)(4)(iii) of this section.
        (i) A waste management unit as defined in Sec. 63.111 of 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart G, if the waste management unit is subject to, and 
    operated in compliance with the provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G 
    applicable to Group 1 wastewater streams.
        (ii) A treatment, storage, or disposal facility subject to 
    regulation under 40 CFR part 262, 264, 265, or 266; or
        (iii) A facility permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to 
    manage municipal or industrial solid waste, if the process fluids are 
    not hazardous waste as defined in 40 CFR part 261.
        (c) In-situ sampling systems and sampling systems without purges 
    are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this 
    section.
        8. Section 61.242-6 is amended by adding paragraphs (d) and (e) to 
    read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-6  Standards: Open-ended valves or lines.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) Open-ended valves or lines in an emergency shutdown system 
    which are designed to open automatically in the event of a process 
    upset are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) 
    of this section.
        (e) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which would 
    autocatalytically polymerize or, would present an explosion, serious 
    overpressure, or other safety hazard if capped or equipped with a 
    double block and bleed system as specified in paragraphs (a) through 
    (c) of this section are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) 
    through (c) of this section.
        9. Section 61.242-8 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-8  Standards: Pressure relief devices in liquid service and 
    flanges and other connectors.
    
        (a) Pressure relief devices in liquid service and connectors shall 
    be monitored within 5 days by the method specified in Sec. 61.245(b) if 
    evidence of a potential leak is found by visual, audible, olfactory, or 
    any other detection method, except at provided in Sec. 61.242-1(c).
    * * * * *
        10. Section 61.242-9 is revised to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-9  Standards: Surge control vessels and bottoms receivers.
    
        Each surge control vessel and bottoms receiver shall be equipped 
    with a closed-vent system capable of capturing and transporting any 
    leakage from the vessel to a control device as described in 
    Sec. 61.242-11, except as provided in Sec. 61.242-1(c).
        11. Section 61.242-11 is amended by redesignating paragraph (g) as 
    (m), redesignating paragraph (f)(3) as (g) introductory text and 
    revising it, by redesignating paragraph (f)(4) as (g)(1) and revising 
    it, by revising paragraphs (b), (c), and (f) and by adding paragraphs 
    (g)(2), (h), (i), (j), (k), and (l), and by revising newly redesignated 
    paragraph (m) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.242-11  Standards: Closed-vent systems and control devices.
    
    * * * * *
        (b) Vapor recovery systems (for example, condensers and absorbers) 
    shall be designed and operated to recover the organic vapors vented to 
    them with an efficiency of 95 percent or greater, or to an exit 
    concentration of 20 parts per million by volume, whichever is less 
    stringent.
        (c) Enclosed combustion devices shall be designed and operated to 
    reduce the VHAP emissions vented to them with an efficiency of 95 
    percent or greater, or to an exit concentration of 20 parts per million 
    by volume, on a dry basis, corrected to 3 percent oxygen, whichever is 
    less stringent, or to provide a minimum residence time of
    
    [[Page 57803]]
    
    0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760  deg.C.
    * * * * *
        (f) Except as provided in paragraphs (i) through (k) of this 
    section, each closed vent system shall be inspected according to the 
    procedures and schedule specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of 
    this section.
        (1) If the vapor collection system or closed vent system is 
    constructed of hard-piping, the owner or operator shall comply with the 
    requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (f)(1)(ii) of this 
    section:
        (i) Conduct an initial inspection according to the procedures in 
    Sec. 61.245(b); and
        (ii) Conduct annual visual inspections for visible, audible, or 
    olfactory indications of leaks.
        (2) If the vapor collection system or closed vent system is 
    constructed of ductwork, the owner or operator shall:
        (i) Conduct an initial inspection according to the procedures in 
    Sec. 61.245(b); and
        (ii) Conduct annual inspections according to the procedures in 
    Sec. 61.245(b).
        (g) Leaks, as indicated by an instrument reading greater than 500 
    parts per million by volume above background or by visual inspections, 
    shall be repaired as soon as practicable except as provided in 
    paragraph (h) of this section.
        (1) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 
    calendar days after the leak is detected.
        (2) Repair shall be completed no later than 15 calendar days after 
    the leak is detected.
        (h) Delay of repair of a closed vent system for which leaks have 
    been detected is allowed if the repair is technically infeasible 
    without a process unit shutdown or if the owner or operator determines 
    that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be greater than 
    the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair. Repair of 
    such equipment shall be complete by the end of the next process unit 
    shutdown.
        (i) If a vapor collection system or closed vent system is operated 
    under a vacuum, it is exempt from the inspection requirements or 
    paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and (f)(2) of this section.
        (j) Any parts of the closed vent system that are designated, as 
    described in paragraph (k)(1) of this section, as unsafe-to-inspect are 
    exempt from the inspection requirements of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and 
    (f)(2) of this section if they comply with the requirements specified 
    in paragraphs (j)(1) and (j)(2) of this section:
        (1) The owner or operator determines that the equipment is unsafe-
    to-inspect because inspecting personnel would be exposed to an imminent 
    or potential danger as a consequence of complying with paragraphs 
    (f)(1)(i) or (f)(2) of this section; and
        (2) The owner or operator has a written plan that requires 
    inspection of the equipment as frequently as practicable during safe-
    to-inspect times.
        (k) Any parts of the closed vent system that are designated, as 
    described in paragraph (l)(2) of this section, as difficult to inspect 
    are exempt from the inspection requirements of paragraphs (f)(1)(i) and 
    (f)(2) of this section if they comply with the requirements specified 
    in paragraphs (k)(1) through (k)(3) of this section.
        (1) The owner or operator determines that the equipment cannot be 
    inspected without elevating the inspecting personnel more than 2 meters 
    above a support surface; and
        (2) The process unit within which the closed vent system is located 
    is a new process unit, or the owner or operator designates less than 
    3.0 percent of the total number of closed vent system equipment as 
    difficult-to-inspect; and
        (3) The owner or operator has a written plan that requires 
    inspection of the equipment at least once every 5 years. A closed vent 
    system is exempt from inspection if it is operated under a vacuum.
        (l) The owner or operator shall record the information specified in 
    paragraphs (l)(1) through (l)(5) of this section.
        (1) Identification of all parts of the closed vent system that are 
    designated as unsafe-to-inspect, an explanation of why the equipment is 
    unsafe-to-inspect, and the plan for inspecting the equipment.
        (2) Identification of all parts of the closed vent system that are 
    designated as difficult-to-inspect, an explanation of why the equipment 
    is difficult-to-inspect, and the plan for inspecting the equipment.
        (3) For each inspection during which a leak is detected, a record 
    of the information specified in Sec. 60.486(c).
        (4) For each inspection conducted in accordance with Sec. 61.245(b) 
    during which no leaks are detected, a record that the inspection was 
    performed, the date of the inspection, and a statement that no leaks 
    were detected.
        (5) For each visual inspection conducted in accordance with 
    paragraph (f)(1)(ii) of this section during which no leaks are 
    detected, a record that the inspection was performed, the date of the 
    inspection, and a statement that no leaks were detected.
        (m) Closed vent systems and control devices used to comply with 
    provisions of this subpart shall be operated at all times when 
    emissions may be vented to them.
        12. Section 61.246 is amended by revising paragraphs (f) 
    introductory text and (f)(1) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.246  Recordkeeping requirements.
    
    * * * * *
        (f) The following information pertaining to all valves subject to 
    the requirements of Sec. 61.242-27(g) and (h) and to all pumps subject 
    to the requirements of Sec. 61.242-2(g) shall be recorded in a log that 
    is kept in a readily accessible location:
        (1) A list of identification numbers for valves and pumps that are 
    designated as unsafe to monitor, an explanation for each valve or pump 
    stating why the valve or pump is unsafe to monitor, and the plan for 
    monitoring each valve or pump.
    * * * * *
        13. Section 61.247 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(3), 
    redesignating paragraph (a)(4) as paragraph (a)(5), and adding 
    paragraphs (a)(4) and (f) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.247  Reporting requirements.
    
        (a) * * *
        (3) In the case of new sources which did not have an initial 
    startup date preceding the effective date, the statement required under 
    paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall be submitted with the 
    application for approval of construction, as described in Sec. 61.07 of 
    subpart A.
        (4) For owners and operators complying with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subparts C or F, the statement required under paragraph (a)(1) of this 
    section shall notify the Administrator that the requirements of 40 CFR 
    part 65, subparts C or F are being implemented.
    * * * * *
        (f) For owners or operators choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subparts C or F an application for approval of construction or 
    modification, as required under Secs. 61.05 and 61.07 of subpart A will 
    not be required if:
        (1) The new source complies with 40 CFR 65.106 through 65.115;
        (2) The new source is not part of the construction of a process 
    unit; and
        (3) In the next semiannual report required by 40 CFR 65.120(b), the 
    information in Sec. 61.247(a)(5) is reported.
        14. Tables 1 and 2 are added to part 61 at the end of subpart V. to 
    read as follows:
    
    [[Page 57804]]
    
    
    
       Table 1.--To Part 61, Subpart V. Surge Control Vessels and Bottoms
                          Receivers at Existing Sources
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Vapor pressure
                Vessel capacity (cubic meters)             \1\ (kilopascals)
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    75  capacity < 151........................=""> 13.1
    151  capacity.............................     5.2
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Maximum true vapor pressure as defined in Sec.  61.241 of this
      subpart.
    
    
       Table 2.--To Part 61, Subpart V. Surge Control Vessels and Bottoms
                            Receivers at New Sources
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Vapor pressure
                Vessel capacity (cubic meters)             \1\ (kilopascals)
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    38  capacity < 151........................=""> 13.1
    151  capacity.............................     0.7
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Maximum true vapor pressure as defined in Sec.  61.241 of this
      subpart.
    
    Subpart Y--National Emission Standard for Benzene Emissions from 
    Benzene Storage Vessels
    
        15. Section 61.270 is amended by adding paragraphs (g), (h), (i), 
    and (j) to read as follows:
    * * * * *
        (g) Alternative means of compliance--SOCMI CAR unit basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 61.271 through 61.277, except for 
    Secs. 61.271(d) and 61.274(a), as provided in paragraphs (i) and (j) of 
    this section, for all storage vessels that are subject to this subpart 
    and that are part of a SOCMI CAR unit. A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions applying to owners or 
    operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 
    CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (h) Alternative means of compliance--affected source basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 61.271 through 61.277, except for 
    Secs. 61.271(d) and 61.274(a), as provided in paragraphs (i) and (j) of 
    this section, for any storage vessels that are subject to this subpart 
    and that are not part of a SOCMI CAR unit, but are located at the same 
    plant site as a SOCMI CAR unit that is complying with 40 CFR part 65. A 
    SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions 
    applying to owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 
    65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A.
        (i) Part 61 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, as provided in paragraphs (g) or (h) of 
    this section, must also comply with Secs. 61.01, 61.02, 61.05 through 
    61.08, 61.11, 61.15, and 61.10(b) through (d) of subpart A for those 
    storage vessels. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part 
    that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply for storage 
    vessels complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C, except that 
    provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR part 65 
    remain in effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR 
    part 65, subpart C must comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (j) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks) or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A.
        16. Section 61.271 is amended by revising paragraph (d) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.271  Emission standard.
    
    * * * * *
        (d) The owner or operator of each affected storage vessel shall 
    meet the requirements of paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this section or 
    Sec. 61.270(g) or (h) as follows:
        (1) The owner or operator of each existing benzene storage vessel 
    shall meet the requirements of paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this 
    section or Sec. 61.270(g) or (h) no later than 90 days after September 
    14, 1989 with the exceptions noted in paragraphs (a)(5) and (b)(5), 
    unless a waiver of compliance has been approved by the Administrator in 
    accordance with Sec. 61.11.
        (2) The owner or operator of each benzene storage vessel upon which 
    construction commenced after September 14, 1989 shall meet the 
    requirements of paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of this section or 
    Sec. 61.270(g) or (h) prior to filling (i.e., roof is lifted off leg 
    supports) the storage vessel with benzene.
        (3) The owner or operator of each benzene storage vessel upon which 
    construction commenced on or after July 28, 1988 and before September 
    14, 1989 shall meet the requirements of paragraph (a), (b), or (c) of 
    this section or Sec. 61.270(g) or (h) on September 14, 1989.
        17. Section 61.274 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.274  Initial report.
    
        (a) The owner or operator of each storage vessel to which this 
    subpart applies and which has a design capacity greater than or equal 
    to 38 cubic meters (10,000 gallons) shall submit an initial report 
    describing the controls which will be applied to meet the equipment 
    requirements of Secs. 61.271 or 61.270(g) or (h). For an existing 
    storage vessel or a new storage vessel for which construction and 
    operation commenced prior to September 14, 1989, this report shall be 
    submitted within 90 days of September 14, 1989 and can be combined with 
    the report required by Sec. 61.10. For a new storage vessel for which 
    construction or operation commenced on or after September 14, 1989, the 
    report shall be combined with the report required by Sec. 61.07 or 40 
    CFR 65.5(b) of subpart A. In the case where the owner or operator seeks 
    to comply with Sec. 61.271(c), with a control device other than a 
    flare, this information may consist of the information required by 
    Sec. 61.272(c)(1).
    * * * * *
    
    Subpart BB--National Emission Standard for Benzene Emissions from 
    Benzene Transfer Operations
    
        18. Section 61.300 is amended by revising paragraph (c) and adding 
    paragraphs (f), (g), (h), and (i) to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 61.300  Applicability.
    
    * * * * *
        (c) Comply with standards at each loading rack. Any affected 
    facility under paragraph (a) of this section shall comply with the 
    standards in Sec. 61.302 or as specified in paragraph (f) through (i) 
    of this section if applicable at each loading rack that is handling a 
    liquid containing 70 weight-percent or more benzene.
    * * * * *
        (f) Alternative means of compliance--SOCMI CAR unit basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart E to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 61.302 through 61.306, as provided in 
    paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section, for all tank truck or railcar 
    loading racks that are subject to this subpart and that are part of a 
    SOCMI CAR unit. Loading racks are referred to as transfer racks in 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart E. A SOCMI CAR unit is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of 
    subpart A.
    
    [[Page 57805]]
    
    Other provisions applying to owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A. All 
    marine vessel loading racks shall comply with the provisions in 
    Secs. 65.302 through 65.306.
        (g) Alternative means of compliance--affected source basis. Owners 
    or operators may choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart E to 
    satisfy the requirements of Secs. 61.302 through 61.306, as provided in 
    paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section, for any tank trucks or railcar 
    loading racks that are subject to this subpart and that are not part of 
    a SOCMI CAR unit, but are located at the same plant site as a SOCMI CAR 
    unit that is complying with 40 CFR part 65. Loading racks are referred 
    to as transfer racks in 40 CFR part 65 of subpart E. A SOCMI CAR unit 
    is defined in 40 CFR 65.2 of subpart A. Other provisions applying to 
    owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are 
    provided in 40 CFR 65.1 of subpart A. All marine vessel loading racks 
    shall comply with Secs. 65.302 through 65.306.
        (h) Part 61 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart E, as provided in paragraphs (f) or (g) of 
    this section, must also comply with Secs. 61.01, 61.02, 61.05 through 
    61.08, 61.11, 61.15, and 61.10(b) through (d) of subpart A for those 
    loading racks. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part 
    that are not mentioned in this paragraph do not apply to owners or 
    operators of loading racks complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart E, 
    except that provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR 
    part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subpart E, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, 
    subpart A.
        (i) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks) or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2, of subpart A.
    
    PART 63--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARD FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS 
    FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES
    
        1. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:
    
        Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
    
    Subpart G--National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air 
    Pollutants From Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry 
    for Process Vents, Storage Vessels, Transfer Operations, and 
    Wastewater
    
        2. Section 63.110 is amended by adding paragraphs (i), (j), and (k) 
    to read as follows:
    
    
    Sec. 63.110  Applicability.
    
    * * * * *
        (i) Alternative means of compliance. Owners or operators of CMPU 
    that are subject to Sec. 63.100 of subpart F of this part may choose to 
    comply with the provisions of 40 CFR part 65 as provided in paragraphs 
    (i)(1), (i)(2), (i)(3), (j) and (k) of this section for all Group 1 and 
    Group 2 process vents, Group 1 storage vessels, and Group 1 transfer 
    operations that are part of the CMPU. Other provisions applying to 
    owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are 
    provided in 40 CFR 65.1, of subpart A. Group 1 and Group 2 wastewater 
    streams, Group 2 transfer operations, Group 2 storage vessels, and in-
    process streams are not eligible to comply with 40 CFR part 65 and must 
    continue to comply with the requirements of this subpart and subpart F 
    of this part.
        (1) For Group 1 and Group 2 process vents, 40 CFR part 65, subpart 
    D satisfies the requirements of Secs. 63.113 through 63.118, 63.148, 
    63.151, and 63.152 of this subpart and the requirements of Secs. 63.102 
    and 63.103 of subpart F of this part.
        (2) For Group 1 storage vessels, 40 CFR part 65, subpart C 
    satisfies the requirements of Secs. 63.119 through 63.123, 63.148, 
    63.151, and 63.152 of this subpart and the requirements of Secs. 63.102 
    and 63.103 of subpart F of this part.
        (3) For Group 1 transfer racks, 40 CFR part 65, subpart E satisfies 
    the requirements of Secs. 63.126 through 63.130, 63.148, 63.151, and 
    63.152 of this subpart and the requirements of Secs. 63.102 and 63.103 
    of subpart F of this part.
        (j) Part 63 subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, must 
    also comply with the applicable general provisions of 40 CFR part 63 
    listed in table 1A of this subpart. All sections and paragraphs of 
    subpart A of this part that are not mentioned in table 1A of this 
    subject do not apply to owners or operators who choose to comply with 
    40 CFR part 65, except that provisions required to be met prior to 
    implementing 40 CFR part 65 remain in effect. Owners and operators who 
    choose to comply with a subpart of 40 CFR part 65 must comply with 40 
    CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (k) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack), or storage vessel in a CMPU, owners or operators 
    must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 65 for all 
    equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks), or storage 
    vessels that are within the CMPU, that are subject to a CAR referencing 
    subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the CAR. A CMPU that is 
    subject to Sec. 63.100 of subpart F is a SOCMI CAR unit by definition. 
    A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 40 CFR 
    65.2, of subpart A.
        3. Table 1A is added to subpart G, immediately after table 1, to 
    read as follows:
    
      Table 1A. to Subpart G.--Applicable 40 CFR Part 63 General Provision
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
          40 CFR part 63 subpart A provisions for referencing subpart G
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Sec.  63.1(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(13), (a)(14), (b)(2) and (c)(4).
    Sec.  63.2.
    Sec.  63.5(a)(1), (a)(2), (b),(d)(1)(ii), (d)(3)(v), (d)(4),(e), (f)(2).
    Sec.  63.6(a), (b)(3), (c)(5),(i)(1), (i)(2), (i)(4)(i)(A), (i)(5)
     through (i)(14), (i)(16) and (j).
    Sec.  63.9(a)(2), (b)(4)(i)a, (b)(4)(ii), (b)(4)(iii), (b)(5)a, (c),
     (d).
    Sec.  63.10(d)(4).
    Sec.  63.12(b).
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    a The notifications specified in Secs.  63.9(b)(4)(i) and (b)(5) shall
      be submitted at the times specified in 40 CFR part 65.
    
    
    [[Page 57806]]
    
    Subpart H--National Emission Standards for Organic Hazardous Air 
    Pollutants for Equipment Leaks
    
        4. Section 63.160 is amended by adding paragraph (g) to read as 
    follows:
    
    
    Sec. 63.160  Applicability and designation of source.
    
    * * * * *
        (g) Alternative means of compliance. Owners or operators of 
    equipment that is subject to Sec. 63.100 of subpart F of this part may 
    choose to comply with the provisions of 40 CFR part 65 to satisfy the 
    requirements of Secs. 63.162 through 63.182 of this subpart and 
    Secs. 63.102 and 63.103 of subpart F of this part, as provided in 
    paragraphs (g)(1), (g)(2), and (g)(3). When choosing to comply with 40 
    CFR part 65, the requirements of Sec. 63.180(d) of this subpart remain 
    in effect. Other provisions applying to an owner or operator who 
    chooses to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1, of 
    subpart A.
        (1) Surge control vessels and bottoms receivers. For owners or 
    operators choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, each surge control 
    vessel and bottoms receiver subject to Sec. 63.100 of subpart F of this 
    part that meets the conditions specified in table 2 or table 3 of this 
    subpart shall meet the requirements for storage vessels in 40 CFR part 
    65, subpart C; all other equipment subject to Sec. 63.100 of subpart F 
    of this part shall meet the requirements in 40 CFR part 65, subpart F.
        (2) Part 63 Subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with 40 CFR part 65, subparts C or F for equipment subject to 
    Sec. 63.100 of subpart F of this part must also comply with the 
    applicable general provisions of 40 CFR part 63 listed in table 4 of 
    this subpart. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part 
    that are not mentioned in table 4 of this subpart do not apply to 
    owners or operators of equipment subject to Sec. 63.100 of subpart F of 
    this part complying with 40 CFR part 65, subparts C or F, except that 
    provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR part 65 
    remain in effect. Owners and operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR 
    part 65, subparts C or F, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart A.
        (3) Comply on a SOCMI CAR unit basis. When choosing to comply with 
    any subpart of 40 CFR part 65 for any equipment, process vent, loading 
    rack (transfer rack) or storage vessel in a SOCMI CAR unit, owners or 
    operators must also comply with all applicable subparts of 40 CFR part 
    65 for all equipment, process vents, loading racks (transfer racks), or 
    storage vessels that are within the SOCMI CAR unit, that are subject to 
    a CAR referencing subpart, and that are eligible to comply with the 
    CAR. A SOCMI CAR unit and the CAR referencing subparts are defined in 
    40 CFR 65.2, of subpart A.
        5. Table 4 is added to subpart H to read as follows:
    
       Table 4 to Subpart H--Applicable 40 CFR Part 63 General Provisions
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
          40 CFR part 63 subpart A provisions for referencing subpart H
    -------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Sec.  63.1(a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(13), (a)(14), (b)(2) and (c)(4).
    Sec.  63.2.
    Sec.  63.5(a)(1), (a)(2), (b), (d)(1)(ii), (d)(3)(v), (d)(4), (e),
     (f)(1) and (f)(2).
    Sec.  63.6(a), (b)(3), (c)(5), (i)(1), (i)(2), (i)(4)(i)(A), (i)(5)
     through (i)(14), (i)(16) and (j).
    Sec.  63.9(a)(2), (b)(4)(i)a, (b)(4)(ii), (b)(4)(iii), (b)(5)a, (c) and
     (d).
    Sec.  63.10(d)(4).
    Sec.  63.12(b).
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    a The notifications specified in Sec.  63.9(b)(4)(i) and (b)(5) shall be
      submitted at the times specified in 40 CFR part 65.
    
        6. Add part 65 to read as follows:
    
    PART 65--CONSOLIDATED FEDERAL AIR RULE
    
    Subpart A--General Provisions
    
    Sec.
    65.1  Applicability.
    65.2  Definitions.
    65.3  Compliance with standards and operation and maintenance 
    requirements.
    65.4  Recordkeeping.
    65.5  Reporting requirements.
    65.6  Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan and procedures.
    65.7  Monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting waivers and 
    alternatives.
    65.8  Procedures for approval of alternative means of emission 
    limitation.
    65.9  Availability of information and confidentiality.
    65.10  State authority.
    65.11  Circumvention.
    65.12  Delegation of authority.
    65.13  Incorporation by reference.
    65.14  Addresses.
    65.15--65.19 [Reserved].
    TABLE 1 TO SUBPART A--APPLICABLE 40 CFR PARTS 60, 61, AND 63 GENERAL 
    PROVISIONS
    
    Subpart B [Reserved]
    
    Subpart C--Storage Vessels
    
    Sec.
    65.40  Applicability.
    65.41  Definitions.
    65.42  Control requirements.
    65.43  Fixed roof with an internal floating roof (IFR).
    65.44  External floating roof (EFR).
    65.45  External floating roof converted into an internal floating 
    roof.
    65.46  Alternative means of emission limitation.
    65.47  Recordkeeping provisions.
    65.48  Reporting provisions.
    65.49--65.59 [Reserved].
    
    Subpart D--Process Vents
    
    Sec.
    65.60  Applicability.
    65.61  Definitions.
    65.62  Process vent group determination.
    65.63  Performance and group status change requirements.
    65.64  Group determination procedures.
    65.65  Monitoring.
    65.66  Recordkeeping provisions.
    65.67  Reporting provisions.
    65.68--65.79 [Reserved].
    TABLE 1 TO SUBPART D--CONCENTRATION FOR GROUP DETERMINATION
    TABLE 2 TO SUBPART D--TRE PARAMETERS FOR NSPS REFERENCING SUBPARTS
    TABLE 3 TO SUBPART D--TRE PARAMETERS FOR HON REFERENCING SUBPARTS
    
    Subpart E--Transfer Racks
    
    Sec.
    65.80  Applicability.
    65.81  Definitions.
    65.82  Design requirements.
    65.83  Performance requirements.
    65.84  Operating requirements.
    65.85  Procedures.
    65.86  Monitoring.
    65.87  Recordkeeping provisions.
    65.88--65.99 [Reserved].
    
    Subpart F--Equipment Leaks
    
    65.100  Applicability.
    65.101  Definitions.
    65.102  Alternative means of emission limitation.
    65.103  Equipment identification.
    65.104  Instrument and sensory monitoring for leaks.
    65.105  Leak repair.
    
    [[Page 57807]]
    
    65.106  Standards: Valves in gas/vapor service and in light liquid 
    service.
    65.107  Standards: Pumps in light liquid service.
    65.108  Standards: Connectors in gas/vapor service and in light 
    liquid service.
    65.109  Standards: Agitators in gas/vapor service and in light 
    liquid service.
    65.110  Standards: Pumps, valves, connectors, and agitators in heavy 
    liquid service; pressure relief devices in liquid service; and 
    instrumentation systems.
    65.111  Standards: Pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service.
    65.112  Standards: Compressors.
    65.113  Standards: Sampling connection systems.
    65.114  Standards: Open-ended valves or lines.
    65.115  Standards: Closed vent systems and control devices; or 
    emissions routed to a fuel gas system or process.
    65.116  Quality improvement program for pumps.
    65.117  Alternative means of emission limitation: Batch processes.
    65.118  Alternative means of emission limitation: Enclosed-vented 
    process units.
    65.119  Recordkeeping provisions.
    65.120  Reporting provisions.
    65.121--65.139  [Reserved].
    TABLE 1 TO SUBPART F--BATCH PROCESS MONITORING FREQUENCY FOR 
    EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN CONNECTORS
    
    Subpart G--Closed Vent Systems, Control Devices, and Routing to a Fuel 
    Gas System or a Process
    
    65.140  Applicability.
    65.141  Definitions.
    65.142  Standards.
    65.143  Closed vent systems.
    65.144  Fuel gas systems and processes to which storage vessel, 
    transfer rack, or equipment leak regulated material emissions are 
    routed.
    65.145  Nonflare control devices used to control emissions from 
    storage vessels or low-throughput transfer racks.
    65.146  Nonflare control devices used for equipment leaks only.
    65.147  Flares.
    65.148  Incinerators.
    65.149  Boilers and process heaters.
    65.150  Absorbers used as control devices.
    65.151  Condensers used as control devices.
    65.152  Carbon adsorbers used as control devices.
    65.153  Absorbers, condensers, carbon adsorbers, and other recovery 
    devices used as final recovery devices.
    65.154  Halogen scrubbers and other halogen reduction devices.
    65.155  Other control devices.
    65.156  General monitoring requirements for control and recovery 
    devices.
    65.157  Performance test and flare compliance determination 
    requirements.
    65.158  Performance test procedures for control devices.
    65.159  Flare compliance determination and monitoring records.
    65.160  Performance test and TRE index value determination records.
    65.161  Continuous records and monitoring system data handling.
    65.162  Nonflare control and recovery device monitoring records.
    65.163  Other records.
    65.164  Performance test and flare compliance determination 
    notifications and reports.
    65.165  Initial Compliance Status Reports.
    65.166  Periodic reports.
    65.167  Other reports.
    65.168-65.169  [Reserved].
    
        Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
    
    Subpart A--General Provisions
    
    
    Sec. 65.1  Applicability.
    
        (a) The provisions of this subpart apply to owners or operators 
    expressly referenced to this part from a subpart of 40 CFR part 60, 61, 
    or 63 for which the owner or operator has chosen to comply with the 
    provisions of this part as an alternative to the provisions in the 
    referencing subpart as specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
    section.
        (b) Owners or operators choosing to comply with a subpart of this 
    part for any regulated source included in or assigned to a synthetic 
    organic chemical manufacturing industry (SOCMI) consolidated air rule 
    (CAR) unit must comply with all applicable subparts of this part for 
    all other regulated sources that are included in or assigned to that 
    SOCMI CAR unit and are subject to one of the referencing subparts. Any 
    sources that become subject to a referencing subpart and that are part 
    of a SOCMI CAR unit complying with this part must comply with this 
    part.
        (c) Owners or operators may choose to comply with this part for any 
    regulated source that meets the specifications listed in paragraphs 
    (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section.
        (1) The regulated source is located at the same plant site as a 
    SOCMI CAR unit that is complying with this part, and
        (2) The regulated source is subject to one of the following 
    subparts: 40 CFR part 60, subparts DDD, Ka, or Kb, or 40 CFR part 61 
    subparts V, Y, or BB.
        (d) Compliance with this part instead of the referencing subparts 
    does not alter the applicability of the referencing subparts. This part 
    applies to only the equipment, process vents, storage vessels, or 
    transfer operations to which the referencing subparts apply. The CAR 
    does not extend applicability to equipment, process vents, storage 
    vessels, or transfer operations that are not regulated by the 
    referencing subpart.
        (e) The provisions of 40 CFR part 60, subpart A, 40 CFR part 61, 
    subpart A, and 40 CFR part 63, subpart A that are listed in table 1 of 
    this part still apply to owners or operators of regulated sources 
    expressly referenced to this part. The owner or operator shall comply 
    with the provisions in table 1 of this subpart in the column 
    corresponding to the referencing subpart. All provisions of 40 CFR part 
    60, subpart A, 40 CFR part 61, subpart A, and 40 CFR part 63, subpart A 
    not expressly referenced in table 1 do not apply and the provisions of 
    this part apply instead, except that provisions which were required to 
    be met prior to implementation of part 65 remain in force.
        (f) Implementation date. Owners or operators who choose to comply 
    with this part shall comply by the dates specified in paragraph (f)(1) 
    or (f)(2) of this section, as applicable, and shall meet the 
    requirement in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
        (1) Except as provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this section, owners 
    or operators shall implement this part as specified in an 
    implementation schedule established in a title V permit or, if the 
    source is not a title V source, by a date established by agreement with 
    the Administrator or delegated authority. The implementation schedule 
    shall be proposed by the source in a title V permit application or 
    amendment or, for non-title V sources, in the Initial Notification for 
    part 65 Applicability as specified in Sec. 65.5(c). The implementation 
    schedule can not extend for longer than 3 years.
        (2) For SOCMI CAR units or regulated sources that will comply with 
    this part at initial startup instead of with the requirements of the 
    referencing subpart or subparts, the implementation date shall be at 
    initial startup or by the compliance date specified by the applicable 
    referencing subpart(s).
        (3) There shall be no gaps in compliance between compliance with 
    the referencing subpart and compliance with this part.
        (g) Transitioning out of this part. Owners or operators who decide 
    to no longer comply with this part and to comply with the provisions in 
    the referencing subpart instead, shall comply with paragraphs (g)(1) 
    through (g)(3) of this section, as applicable.
        (1) This transition shall be carried out on a date established in a 
    title V permit or if the source is not a title V source, by a date 
    established by agreement with the Administrator or delegated authority. 
    The transition date shall be proposed in a title V permit amendment, 
    or, for non-title V sources, in a periodic report or separate notice.
        (2) There shall be no gaps in compliance between compliance with 
    this part and compliance with the referencing subpart provisions.
    
    [[Page 57808]]
    
        (3) If an owner or operator decides to no longer comply with this 
    part for a regulated source in a SOCMI CAR unit, then the owner or 
    operator shall comply with the applicable referencing subparts for all 
    regulated sources that are part of that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (h) Overlap with provisions of other subparts of this part. When 
    provisions of another subpart of this part conflict with the provisions 
    of this subpart, the provisions of the other subpart shall apply.
        (i) Alternative to the assignment procedures.
        (1) If an owner or operator has an elastomer product process unit 
    (EPPU), thermoplastic product process unit (TPPU), or a petroleum 
    refinery process unit (PRPU) that is subject to 40 CFR part 60 subpart 
    VV, III, NNN, or RRR, then the EPPU, TPPU, or PRPU is a SOCMI CAR unit, 
    and the assignment procedures in paragraphs (j), (l), and (m) of this 
    section need not be carried out. The assignment procedures in paragraph 
    (k) for transfer racks must be followed. An EPPU is defined in 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart U. A TPPU is defined in 40 CFR part 63, subpart JJJ. A 
    PRPU is defined in 40 CFR part 63, subpart CC.
        (2) If an owner or operator has a chemical manufacturing process 
    unit (CMPU) that is subject to 40 CFR 63.100 in subpart A or 40 CFR 
    part 60, subparts VV, III, NNN, or RRR, then the CMPU is a SOCMI CAR 
    unit, and the assignment procedures in paragraphs (j), (k), (l), and 
    (m) of this section need not be carried out.
        (j) Storage vessel assignment procedures. The owner or operator 
    shall follow the procedures specified in paragraphs (j)(1) through 
    (j)(5) of this section to determine whether a storage vessel is part of 
    a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (1) Where a storage vessel is dedicated to a SOCMI CAR unit, the 
    storage vessel shall be considered part of that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (2) Where a storage vessel is not used by a SOCMI CAR unit it can 
    not be assigned to that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (3) If a storage vessel is not dedicated to a SOCMI CAR unit, then 
    the assignment of the storage vessel shall be determined according to 
    the provisions in paragraphs (j)(3)(i) through (j)(3)(iii) of this 
    section.
        (i) If a storage vessel is predominately used by a SOCMI CAR unit, 
    then that storage vessel shall be assigned to that SOCMI CAR unit. If a 
    storage vessel is predominately used by a process unit that is not a 
    SOCMI CAR unit or is not part of a SOCMI CAR unit, then that storage 
    vessel shall not be assigned to a SOCMI CAR unit. Predominant use shall 
    be determined as specified in paragraphs (j)(3)(i)(A) through 
    (j)(3)(i)(C) of this section.
        (A) If the greatest input into a storage vessel is from a SOCMI CAR 
    unit that is located on the same plant site as that storage vessel, 
    then that SOCMI CAR unit has the predominant use.
        (B) If the greatest input into the storage vessel is from a process 
    unit that is not a SOCMI CAR unit and that is located on the same plant 
    site as that storage vessel, then that process unit has the predominant 
    use.
        (C) If the greatest input into the storage vessel is not from the 
    same plant site as the storage vessel, then the predominant use is the 
    process unit or SOCMI CAR unit on the same plant site that receives the 
    greatest amount of material from the storage vessel.
        (ii) If a storage vessel is shared among process units and SOCMI 
    CAR units so that there is no single predominant use, the storage 
    vessel shall be considered part of a SOCMI CAR unit unless the storage 
    vessel has been assigned under a subpart of 40 CFR part 63 to a process 
    unit that is not a SOCMI CAR unit. In these cases, the storage vessel 
    shall be assigned as specified in the subpart of 40 CFR part 63. If a 
    storage vessel is shared among more than one SOCMI CAR unit, the owner 
    or operator may assign the storage vessel to any of the SOCMI CAR 
    units.
        (iii) If the predominant use of a storage vessel varies from year 
    to year, then the assignment of the storage vessel shall be determined 
    based on the utilization that occurred during the year preceding the 
    date of the Title V permit establishing the implementation schedule 
    specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section, or the date of the 
    initial notification of part 65 Applicability specified in paragraph 
    (f)(1) of this section. This determination shall be reported as part of 
    an operating permit application or as otherwise specified by the 
    permitting authority.
        (4) Where a storage vessel is located in a tank farm (including a 
    marine tank farm), the assignment of the storage vessel shall be 
    determined according to the provisions in paragraphs (j)(4)(i) through 
    (j)(4)(iii) of this section. If a plant site does not include a SOCMI 
    CAR unit, a storage vessel in a tank farm associated with a plant site 
    can not be assigned to a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (i) The storage vessel may only be assigned to a SOCMI CAR unit 
    that utilizes the storage vessel and does not have an intervening 
    storage vessel for that product (or raw material, as appropriate). With 
    respect to any process unit or SOCMI CAR unit, an intervening storage 
    vessel means a storage vessel connected by hard-piping to the process 
    unit or SOCMI CAR unit and to the storage vessel in the tank farm so 
    that product or raw material entering or leaving the process unit or 
    SOCMI CAR unit flows into (or from) the intervening storage vessel and 
    does not flow directly into (or from) the storage vessel in the tank 
    farm.
        (ii) If there is only one SOCMI CAR unit and no process unit at the 
    plant site that meets the criteria of paragraph (j)(4)(i) of this 
    section with respect to a storage vessel located at a tank farm, the 
    storage vessel shall be assigned to that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (iii) If there are two or more process units and/or SOCMI CAR units 
    at the plant site that meet the criteria of paragraph (j)(4)(i) of this 
    section with respect to a storage vessel located at a tank farm, 
    whether the storage vessel is assigned to a SOCMI CAR unit shall be 
    determined according to the provisions of paragraph (j)(3) of this 
    section. The predominant use shall be determined among only those 
    process units and SOCMI CAR units that meet the criteria of paragraph 
    (j)(4)(i) of this section.
        (5) If a storage vessel begins to receive material from (or send 
    material to) another process unit or SOCMI CAR unit, or ceases to 
    receive material from (or send material to) a SOCMI CAR unit, or if the 
    assignment of the storage vessel has been determined according to the 
    provisions of paragraph (j)(3) of this section and there is a change so 
    that the predominant use may reasonably have changed, the owner or 
    operator shall reevaluate the assignment of the storage vessel, and 
    reassign if necessary.
        (k) Transfer rack assignment procedures. The owner or operator 
    shall follow the procedures specified in paragraphs (k)(1) through 
    (k)(4) of this section to determine whether the arms and hoses in a 
    transfer rack are part of a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (1) Where a transfer rack is dedicated to a SOCMI CAR unit, the 
    transfer rack shall be considered part of that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (2) Where a transfer rack is not used by a SOCMI CAR unit it can 
    not be assigned to a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (3) If a transfer rack is not dedicated to a SOCMI CAR unit, then 
    the assignment of the transfer rack shall be determined at each 
    transfer arm or transfer hose according to the provisions in paragraphs 
    (k)(3)(i) through (k)(3)(iv) of this section.
        (i) Each transfer arm or transfer hose that is dedicated to the 
    transfer of liquid material from a SOCMI CAR unit is part of that SOCMI 
    CAR unit.
        (ii) If a transfer arm or transfer hose is shared among SOCMI CAR 
    units and/
    
    [[Page 57809]]
    
    or process units, and one of the SOCMI CAR units provides the greatest 
    amount of the material that is loaded by that transfer arm or transfer 
    hose, then the transfer arm or transfer hose is part of that SOCMI CAR 
    unit. If a process unit that is not a SOCMI CAR unit or is not part of 
    a SOCMI CAR unit provides the greatest amount of the material that is 
    loaded by a transfer arm or transfer hose, then that transfer arm or 
    transfer hose is not part of a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (iii) If a transfer arm or transfer hose is shared among process 
    units and SOCMI CAR units so that there is no single predominant use as 
    described in paragraph (k)(2)(ii) of this section, then that transfer 
    arm or hose shall be considered part of the SOCMI CAR unit unless the 
    transfer arm or transfer hose has been assigned under a 40 CFR part 63 
    subpart to a process unit that is not a SOCMI CAR unit. In these cases, 
    the transfer arm or transfer hose shall be assigned as specified in the 
    40 CFR part 63 subpart. If a transfer arm or transfer hose is shared 
    among more than one SOCMI CAR unit, the owner or operator may assign 
    the transfer arm or transfer hose to any of the SOCMI CAR units.
        (iv) If the predominant use of a transfer arm or transfer hose 
    varies from year to year, then the assignment of the transfer arm or 
    transfer hose shall be determined based on the utilization that 
    occurred during the year preceding the date of the Title V permit 
    establishing the implementation schedule specified in paragraph (f)(1) 
    of this section, or the date of the initial notification of part 65 
    Applicability specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section. This 
    determination shall be reported as part of an operating permit 
    application or as otherwise specified by the permitting authority.
        (4) If a transfer rack that was dedicated to a single process unit 
    or SOCMI CAR unit begins to serve another process unit or SOCMI CAR 
    unit, or if assignment was determined under the provisions of paragraph 
    (k)(3) of this section and there is a change so that the predominant 
    use may reasonably have changed, the owner or operator shall reevaluate 
    the assignment of the transfer rack, transfer arm or transfer hose, and 
    reassign if necessary.
        (l) Process vent assignment procedures. The owner or operator shall 
    follow the procedures specified in paragraphs (l)(1) through (l)(4) of 
    this section to determine whether the process vent(s) from a 
    distillation unit is/are part of a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (1) Where a distillation unit is dedicated to SOCMI CAR unit, the 
    process vents from that distillation unit shall be considered part of 
    that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (2) If a distillation unit is not used by a SOCMI CAR unit, the 
    process vents from that distillation unit can not be assigned to a 
    SOCMI CAR unit.
        (3) If a distillation unit is not dedicated to a single SOCMI CAR 
    unit, then the assignment of the process vents from that distillation 
    unit shall be determined according to the provisions in paragraphs 
    (l)(3)(i) through (l)(3)(iv) of this section.
        (i) If the greatest input to the distillation unit is from a SOCMI 
    CAR unit located on the same plant site, then the process vents from 
    that distillation unit shall be assigned to that SOCMI CAR unit.
        (ii) If the greatest input to the distillation unit is not provided 
    from a process unit or SOCMI CAR unit that is located on the same plant 
    site, then the process vents from the distillation unit shall be 
    assigned to the SOCMI CAR unit located at the same plant site that 
    receives the greatest amount of material from the distillation unit, 
    unless a non-SOCMI process unit receives the greatest amount of 
    material from the distillation unit. In this case, the process vents 
    from the distillation unit shall not be assigned to a SOCMI CAR unit.
        (iii) If a distillation unit is shared among process units and 
    SOCMI CAR units so that there is no single predominant use, as 
    described in paragraphs (l)(3)(i) and (l)(3)(ii) of this section, the 
    process vents from the distillation unit shall be considered to be part 
    of the SOCMI CAR unit unless the distillation unit has been assigned 
    under a 40 CFR part 63 subpart to a process unit that is not a SOCMI 
    CAR unit. In these cases, the process vents from the distillation unit 
    shall be assigned as specified in the 40 CFR part 63 subpart. If a 
    distillation unit is shared among more than one SOCMI CAR unit, the 
    owner or operator may assign the process vents from the distillation 
    unit to any of the CAR units.
        (iv) If the predominant use of a distillation unit varies from year 
    to year, then the assignment of the distillation unit shall be 
    determined based on the utilization that occurred during the year 
    preceding the date of the Title V permit establishing the 
    implementation schedule specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section, 
    or the date of the initial notification of part 65 Applicability 
    specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section. This determination shall 
    be included as part of an operating permit application or as otherwise 
    specified by the permitting authority.
        (4) If a distillation unit begins to serve another process unit or 
    SOCMI CAR unit, or if assignment of the distillation unit was 
    determined under the provisions of paragraph (l)(3) of this section and 
    there is a change so that the predominant use may reasonably have 
    changed, the owner or operator shall reevaluate the assignment of the 
    process vents from the distillation unit, and reassignment if 
    necessary.
        (m) Equipment assignment procedures. If specific items of equipment 
    (pumps, compressors, agitators, pressure relief devices, sampling 
    connection systems, open-ended valves or lines, valves, connectors, 
    instrumentation systems, surge control vessels, and bottoms receivers), 
    that are part of a SOCMI CAR unit complying with this part, are managed 
    by different administrative organizations (for example, different 
    companies, affiliates, departments, divisions, etc.) those items of 
    equipment may be aggregated with any SOCMI CAR unit within the plant 
    site.
    
    
    Sec. 65.2  Definitions.
    
        All terms used in this part shall have the meaning given them in 
    the Act and in this section. If a term is defined both in this section 
    and in other parts that reference the use of this part, the term shall 
    have the meaning given in this section for purposes of this part.
        Act means the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
        Administrator means the Administrator of the United States 
    Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or his or her authorized 
    representative (for example, a State that has been delegated the 
    authority to implement the provisions of this part).
        Alternative test method means any method of sampling and analyzing 
    for an air pollutant that is not a reference test or equivalent method 
    and that has been demonstrated to the Administrator's satisfaction, 
    using Method 301 in Appendix A of 40 CFR part 63 or approved by the 
    Administrator prior to [date of publication of final rule in the 
    Federal Register] to produce results adequate for the Administrator's 
    determination that it may be used in place of a test method specified 
    in this part.
        Approved permit program means a State permit program approved by 
    the Administrator as meeting the requirements of part 70 of this 
    chapter or a Federal permit program established in this chapter 
    pursuant to title V of the Act (42 U.S.C. 7661).
        Automated monitoring and recording system means any means of 
    measuring values of monitored parameters and creating a hard copy or 
    computer record of the measured values that does not require manual 
    reading of monitoring instruments and manual transcription of
    
    [[Page 57810]]
    
    data values. Automated monitoring and recording systems include, but 
    are not limited to, computerized systems and strip charts.
        Batch process means a process in which the equipment is fed 
    intermittently or discontinuously. Processing then occurs in this 
    equipment after which the equipment is generally emptied. Examples of 
    industries that use batch processes include pharmaceutical production 
    and pesticide production.
        Batch product-process equipment train means the collection of 
    equipment (for example, connectors, reactors, valves, pumps) configured 
    to produce a specific product or intermediate by a batch process.
        Boiler means any enclosed combustion device that extracts useful 
    energy in the form of steam and is not an incinerator or a process 
    heater. Boiler also means any industrial furnace as defined in 40 CFR 
    260.10.
        Bottoms receiver means a tank that collects distillation bottoms 
    before the stream is sent for storage or for further downstream 
    processing.
        By compound means by individual stream components, not carbon 
    equivalents.
        Car-seal means a seal that is placed on a device that is used to 
    change the position of a valve (for example, from opened to closed) in 
    such a way that the position of the valve cannot be changed without 
    breaking the seal.
        Closed-loop system means an enclosed system that returns process 
    fluid to the process and is not vented to the atmosphere except through 
    a closed vent system.
        Closed-purge system means a system or combination of systems and 
    portable containers to capture purged liquids. Containers must be 
    covered or closed when not being filled or emptied.
        Closed vent system means a system that is not open to the 
    atmosphere and is composed of piping, ductwork, connections, and, if 
    necessary, flow inducing devices that transport gas or vapor from an 
    emission point to a control device. A closed vent system does not 
    include the vapor collection system that is part of any tank truck or 
    railcar or the loading arm or hose that is used for vapor return. For 
    transfer racks, the closed vent system begins at, and includes, the 
    first block valve on the downstream side of the loading arm or hose 
    used to convey displaced vapors.
        Closed vent system shutdown means a work practice or operational 
    procedure that stops production from a process unit or part of a 
    process unit during which it is technically feasible to clear process 
    material from a closed vent system or part of a closed vent system 
    consistent with safety constraints and during which repairs can be 
    effected. An unscheduled work practice or operational procedure that 
    stops production from a process unit or part of a process unit for less 
    than 24 hours is not a closed vent system shutdown. An unscheduled work 
    practice or operational procedure that would stop production from a 
    process unit or part of a process unit for a shorter period of time 
    than would be required to clear the closed vent system or part of the 
    closed vent system of materials and start up the unit, and would result 
    in greater emissions than delay of repair of leaking components until 
    the next scheduled closed vent system shutdown, is not a closed vent 
    system shutdown. The use of spare equipment and technically feasible 
    bypassing of equipment without stopping production are not closed vent 
    system shutdowns.
        Combustion device means an individual unit of equipment, such as a 
    flare, incinerator, process heater, or boiler, used for the combustion 
    of organic emissions.
        Compliance date means the date by which a regulated source is 
    required to be in compliance with a relevant standard, limitation, 
    prohibition, or any federally enforceable requirement established by 
    the Administrator (or a State with an approved permit program) pursuant 
    to the Act.
        Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to 
    connect two pipelines or a pipeline and a piece of equipment. A common 
    connector is a flange. Joined fittings welded completely around the 
    circumference of the interface are not considered connectors for the 
    purpose of this regulation. For the purpose of reporting and 
    recordkeeping, connector means joined fittings that are not 
    inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined (for example, porcelain, glass, 
    or glass-lined) as described in Sec. 65.108(e)(2) of subpart F of this 
    part.
        Continuous parameter monitoring system or CPMS means the total 
    equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and 
    availability requirements of this part used to sample, condition (if 
    applicable), analyze, and provide a record of process or control system 
    parameters.
        Continuous record means documentation, either in hard copy or 
    computer-readable form, of data values measured at least once every 15 
    minutes and recorded at the frequency specified in Sec. 65.161(a) of 
    subpart G of this part.
        Continuous seal means a seal that is designed to form a continuous 
    closure that completely covers the space between the wall of the 
    storage vessel and the edge of the floating roof. A continuous seal may 
    be a vapor-mounted, liquid-mounted, or metallic shoe seal. A continuous 
    seal may be constructed of fastened segments so as to form a continuous 
    seal.
        Control device means any combustion device, recovery device, 
    recapture device, or any combination of these devices used to comply 
    with this part. Such equipment or devices include, but are not limited 
    to, absorbers, carbon adsorbers, condensers, incinerators, flares, 
    boilers, and process heaters. For process vents (as defined in this 
    section), recapture devices are considered control devices but recovery 
    devices are not considered control devices except for the recovery 
    devices specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2)(ii). A fuel gas system is not a 
    control device. For a steam stripper, a primary condenser is not 
    considered a control device.
        Control System means the combination of the closed vent system and 
    the control devices used to collect and control vapors or gases from a 
    regulated source.
        Day means a calendar day.
        Distance piece means an open or enclosed casing through which the 
    piston rod travels, separating the compressor cylinder from the 
    crankcase.
        Double block and bleed system means two block valves connected in 
    series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the 
    two block valves.
        Ductwork means a conveyance system such as those commonly used for 
    heating and ventilation systems. It is often made of sheet metal and 
    often has sections connected by screws or crimping. Hard-piping is not 
    ductwork.
        Emission point means an individual process vent, storage vessel, 
    transfer rack, wastewater stream, or equipment leak.
        Empty or emptying means the removal of the stored liquid from a 
    storage vessel. Storage vessels where stored liquid is left on the 
    walls, as bottom clingage, or in pools due to bottom irregularities are 
    considered empty. Lowering of the stored liquid level, so that the 
    floating roof is resting on its legs, as necessitated by normal vessel 
    operation (for example, when changing stored material or when 
    transferring material out of the vessel for shipment) is not considered 
    emptying.
        Equipment means each of the following that is subject to control 
    under the referencing subpart: pump, compressor, agitator, pressure 
    relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line, 
    valve, connector, and instrumentation system;
    
    [[Page 57811]]
    
    and any control devices or systems used to comply with subpart F of 
    this part.
        Equivalent method means any method of sampling and analyzing for an 
    air pollutant that has been demonstrated to the Administrator's 
    satisfaction to have a consistent and quantitatively known relationship 
    to the reference method under specified conditions.
        External floating roof or EFR means a pontoon-type (noncontact) or 
    double-deck-type (contact) roof that is designed to rest on the stored 
    liquid surface in a storage vessel with no fixed roof.
        Failure, EFR (referred to as EFR failure) is defined as any time 
    the external floating roof's primary seal has holes, tears, or other 
    openings in the shoe, seal fabric, or seal envelope; or the secondary 
    seal has holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or the seal 
    fabric; or the gaskets no longer close off the stored liquid surface 
    from the atmosphere; or a slotted membrane has more than 10 percent 
    open area.
        Failure, internal floating roof type A (referred to as IFR type A 
    failure) means any time, as determined during visual inspection through 
    roof hatches, in which the internal floating roof is not resting on the 
    surface of the stored liquid inside the storage vessel and is not 
    resting on the leg supports; or there is stored liquid on the floating 
    roof; or there are holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or seal 
    fabric; or there are visible gaps between the seal and the wall of the 
    storage vessel.
        Failure, internal floating roof type B (referred to as IFR type B 
    failure) means any time, as determined during internal inspections, the 
    internal floating roof's primary seal has holes, tears, or other 
    openings in the seal or the seal fabric; or the secondary seal (if one 
    has been installed) has holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or 
    the seal fabric; or the gaskets no longer close off the stored liquid 
    surface from the atmosphere; or a slotted membrane has more than 10 
    percent open area.
        Fill or filling means the introduction of liquids into a storage 
    vessel, but not necessarily to complete capacity.
        First attempt at repair, for the purposes of subparts F and G of 
    this part, means to take action for the purpose of stopping or reducing 
    leakage of organic material to the atmosphere, followed by monitoring 
    as specified in Sec. 65.104(b) of subpart F of this part and 
    Sec. 65.143(c) of subpart G of this part, as appropriate, to verify 
    whether the leak is repaired unless the owner or operator determines by 
    other means that the leak is not repaired.
        Fixed roof means a roof that is mounted (for example, permanently 
    affixed) on a storage vessel in a stationary manner and that does not 
    move with fluctuations in stored liquid level.
        Flame zone means the portion of the combustion chamber in a boiler 
    or process heater occupied by the flame envelope.
        Floating roof means a roof consisting of an external floating roof 
    or an internal floating roof that is designed to rest upon and is 
    supported by the stored liquid, and is equipped with a continuous seal.
        Flow indicator means a device that indicates whether gas flow is 
    present in a line, or whether the valve position would allow gas flow 
    to be present in a line.
        Fuel gas means gases that are combusted to derive useful work or 
    heat.
        Fuel gas system means the offsite and onsite piping and flow and 
    pressure control system that gathers gaseous stream(s) generated by 
    onsite operations, may blend them with other sources of gas, and 
    transports the gaseous stream for use as fuel gas in combustion devices 
    or in-process combustion equipment, such as furnaces and gas turbines, 
    either singly or in combination.
        Group 1 process vent means a process vent for which the flow rate 
    is greater than or equal to 0.011 standard cubic meter per minute (0.39 
    cubic feet per minute); the total concentration is greater than or 
    equal to the appropriate value in table 1 of subpart D of this part, 
    and the total resource effectiveness index value, calculated according 
    to Sec. 65.64(h) of subpart D of this part is less than or equal to 
    1.0.
        Group 2A process vent means a process vent that is not Group 1 or 
    Group 2B for which monitoring and recordkeeping are required to 
    demonstrate a total resource effectiveness index value greater than 
    1.0.
        Group 2B process vent means a process vent that is not Group 1 or 
    Group 2A for which monitoring and recordkeeping are not required to 
    demonstrate a total resource effectiveness index value greater than 
    4.0, or which are exempt from control requirements due to the vent 
    stream's flow rate, regulated material concentration, or total resource 
    effectiveness index value.
        Halogenated vent stream or halogenated stream means, for purposes 
    of this part, a vent stream determined to be halogenated by the 
    procedures specified in Sec. 65.83(b)(3) of subpart E of this part for 
    transfer racks and in Sec. 65.64(g) of subpart D of this part for 
    process vents, as applicable.
        Halogens and hydrogen halides means hydrogen chloride (HCl), 
    chlorine (Cl2), hydrogen bromide (HBr), bromine 
    (Br2), and hydrogen fluoride (HF).
        Hard-piping means pipe or tubing that is manufactured and installed 
    using good engineering judgment and standards, such as American 
    National Standards Institute (ANSI) B31-3.
        In food/medical service means that a piece of equipment in 
    regulated material service contacts a process stream used to 
    manufacture a Food and Drug Administration-regulated product where 
    leakage of a barrier fluid into the process stream would cause any of 
    the following:
        (1) A dilution of product quality so that the product would not 
    meet written specifications;
        (2) An exothermic reaction that is a safety hazard;
        (3) The intended reaction to be slowed down or stopped; or
        (4) An undesired side reaction to occur.
        In gas/vapor service means that a piece of equipment in regulated 
    material service contains a gas or vapor when in operation.
        In heavy liquid service means that a piece of equipment in 
    regulated material service is not in gas/vapor service or in light 
    liquid service.
        In light liquid service means that a piece of equipment in 
    regulated material service contains a liquid that meets the following 
    conditions:
        (1) The vapor pressure of one or more of the organic compounds is 
    greater than 0.3 kilopascals at 20  deg.C (0.04 pounds per square inch 
    at 68  deg.F);
        (2) The total concentration of the pure organic compound 
    constituents having a vapor pressure greater than 0.3 kilopascals at 20 
     deg.C (0.04 pounds per square inch at 68  deg.F) is equal to or 
    greater than 20 percent by weight of the total process stream; and
        (3) The fluid is a liquid at operating conditions. (Note: Vapor 
    pressures may be determined by standard reference texts or American 
    Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D-2879.)
        In liquid service means that a piece of equipment in regulated 
    material service is not in gas/vapor service.
        In regulated material service means, for the purposes of the 
    equipment leak provisions of subpart F of this part, equipment which 
    meets the definition of ``in volatile organic compound service'', ``in 
    volatile hazardous air pollutant service'', ``in benzene service'', 
    ``in vinyl chloride service'', or ``in organic hazardous air pollutant 
    service'' as defined in the referencing subpart.
    
    [[Page 57812]]
    
        In-situ sampling systems means nonextractive samplers or in-line 
    samplers.
        In vacuum service means that equipment is operating at an internal 
    pressure that is at least 5 kilopascals (0.7 pounds per square inch) 
    below ambient pressure.
        Incinerator means an enclosed combustion device that is used for 
    destroying organic compounds. Auxiliary fuel may be used to heat waste 
    gas to combustion temperatures. Any energy recovery section present is 
    not physically formed into one manufactured or assembled unit with the 
    combustion section; rather, the energy recovery section is a separate 
    section following the combustion section and the two are joined by 
    ducts or connections carrying flue gas. This energy recovery section 
    limitation does not apply to an energy recovery section used solely to 
    preheat the incoming vent stream or combustion air.
        Initial startup means, for new or reconstructed sources, the first 
    time the source begins production. For additions or changes not defined 
    as a new source by an applicable referencing subpart, initial startup 
    means the first time additional or changed equipment is put into 
    operation. Initial startup does not include operation solely for 
    testing equipment. Initial startup does not include subsequent startup 
    (as defined in this section) of process units following malfunctions or 
    process unit shutdowns. Except for equipment leaks, initial startup 
    also does not include subsequent startups (as defined in this section) 
    of process units following changes in product for flexible operation 
    units or following recharging of equipment in batch operation.
        Instrumentation system means a group of equipment components used 
    to condition and convey a sample of the process fluid to analyzers and 
    instruments for the purpose of determining process operating conditions 
    (for example, composition, pressure, flow). Valves and connectors are 
    the predominant type of equipment used in instrumentation systems; 
    however, other types of equipment may also be included in these 
    systems. Only valves nominally 0.5 inches and smaller in diameter, and 
    connectors nominally 0.75 inches and smaller in diameter are considered 
    instrumentation systems for the purposes of subpart F of this part.
        Internal floating roof or IFR means a roof that is designed to rest 
    or float on the stored liquid surface (but not necessarily in complete 
    contact with it) inside a storage vessel that has a fixed roof.
        Liquid-mounted seal means a foam-or liquid-filled continuous seal 
    mounted in contact with the stored liquid.
        Liquids dripping means any visible leakage from a seal including 
    dripping, spraying, misting, clouding, and ice formation. Indications 
    of liquids dripping include puddling or new stains that are indicative 
    of an existing evaporated drip.
        Loading cycle means the time period from the beginning of filling a 
    tank truck or railcar until flow to the control device ceases as 
    determined by the flow indicator.
        Low-throughput transfer racks means those transfer racks that 
    transfer less than a total of 11.8 million liters per year (3.12 
    million gallons per year) of liquid containing regulated material.
        Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably 
    preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, monitoring 
    equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or 
    usual manner. Failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or 
    careless operation are not malfunctions. Malfunctions that do not 
    affect a regulated source or compliance with this part are not 
    malfunctions for purposes of this part.
        Metallic shoe seal or mechanical shoe seal means metal sheets that 
    are held vertically against the wall of the storage vessel by springs, 
    weighted levers, or other mechanisms and connected to the floating roof 
    by braces or other means. A flexible coated fabric (envelope) spans the 
    annular space between the metal sheet and the floating roof.
        Nonautomated monitoring and recording system means manual reading 
    of values measured by monitoring instruments and manual transcription 
    of those values to create a record. Nonautomated systems do not include 
    strip charts.
        Nonrepairable means that it is technically infeasible to repair a 
    piece of equipment from which a leak has been detected without a 
    process unit shutdown.
        One-hour period means the 60-minute period commencing on the hour.
        Onsite or on-site means, with respect to records required to be 
    maintained by this part, that the records are stored at a location 
    within a plant site that encompasses the regulated source. Onsite 
    includes, but is not limited to, storage at the regulated source to 
    which the records pertain, or storage in central files elsewhere at the 
    plant site.
        Open-ended valve or line means any valve except relief valves 
    having one side of the valve seat in contact with process fluid and one 
    side open to the atmosphere, either directly or through open piping.
        Organic monitoring device means a device used to indicate the 
    concentration level of organic compounds based on a detection principle 
    such as infrared, photo ionization, or thermal conductivity.
        Owner or operator means any person who owns, leases, operates, 
    controls, or supervises a regulated source or a stationary source of 
    which a regulated source is a part.
        Part 70 permit means any permit issued, renewed, or revised 
    pursuant to part 70 of this chapter.
        Performance test means the collection of data resulting from the 
    execution of a test method (usually three emission test runs) used to 
    demonstrate compliance with a relevant emission standard as specified 
    in the performance test section of the relevant standard.
        Permit program means a comprehensive State operating permit system 
    established pursuant to title V of the Act (42 U.S.C. 7661) and 
    regulations codified in part 70 of this chapter and applicable State 
    regulations, or a comprehensive Federal operating permit system 
    established pursuant to title V of the Act and regulations codified in 
    part 71 of this chapter.
        Permitting authority means one of the following:
        (1) The State air pollution control agency, local agency, other 
    State agency, or other agency authorized by the Administrator to carry 
    out a permit program under part 70 of this chapter; or
        (2) The Administrator, in the case of EPA-implemented permit 
    programs under title V of the Act (42 U.S.C. 7661) and part 71 of this 
    chapter.
        Plant site means all contiguous or adjoining property that is under 
    common control, including properties that are separated only by a road 
    or other public right-of-way. Common control includes properties that 
    are owned, leased, or operated by the same entity, parent entity, 
    subsidiary, or any combination thereof.
        Polymerizing monomer means for purposes of this part, a compound 
    which may form polymer buildup in pump mechanical seals resulting in 
    rapid mechanical seal failure.
        Pressure release  means the emission of materials resulting from 
    the system pressure being greater than the set pressure of the relief 
    device. This release can be one release or a series of releases over a 
    short time period.
        Pressure relief device or valve  means a device used to prevent 
    operating pressures from exceeding the maximum allowable working 
    pressure of the
    
    [[Page 57813]]
    
    process equipment. A common pressure relief device is a spring-loaded 
    pressure relief valve. Devices that are actuated either by a pressure 
    of less than or equal to 2.5 pounds per square inch gauge or by a 
    vacuum are not pressure relief devices.
        Primary fuel  means the fuel that provides the principal heat input 
    to the device. To be considered primary, the fuel must be able to 
    sustain operation without the addition of other fuels.
        Process heater  means an enclosed combustion device that transfers 
    heat liberated by burning fuel directly to process streams or to heat 
    transfer liquids other than water. A process heater may, as a secondary 
    function, heat water in unfired heat recovery sections.
        Process unit  means the equipment specified in the definitions of 
    process unit or chemical manufacturing process unit in the applicable 
    referencing subpart. If the referencing subpart does not define process 
    unit, then, for the purposes of this part, process unit means the 
    equipment assembled and connected by pipes or ducts to process raw 
    materials and to manufacture an intended product.
        Process unit shutdown  means a work practice or operational 
    procedure that stops production from a process unit or part of a 
    process unit during which it is technically feasible to clear process 
    material from a process unit or part of a process unit consistent with 
    safety constraints and during which repairs can be effected. An 
    unscheduled work practice or operational procedure that stops 
    production from a process unit or part of a process unit for less than 
    24 hours is not a process unit shutdown. An unscheduled work practice 
    or operational procedure that would stop production from a process unit 
    or part of a process unit for a shorter period of time than would be 
    required to clear the process unit or part of the process unit of 
    materials and start up the unit, and would result in greater emissions 
    than delay of repair of leaking components until the next scheduled 
    process unit shutdown is not a process unit shutdown. The use of spare 
    equipment and technically feasible bypassing of equipment without 
    stopping production are not process unit shutdowns.
        Process vent  means a process vent or vent stream as they are 
    defined in the referencing subpart.
        Recapture device  means an individual unit of equipment capable of 
    and used for the purpose of recovering chemicals, but not normally for 
    use, reuse, or sale. For example, a recapture device may recover 
    chemicals primarily for disposal. Recapture devices include, but are 
    not limited to, absorbers, carbon adsorbers, and condensers. For 
    purposes of the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements 
    of this part, recapture devices are considered recovery devices.
        Recovery device  means an individual unit of equipment capable of 
    and normally used for the purpose of recovering chemicals for fuel 
    value (i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse, or for sale for 
    fuel value, use, or reuse. Examples of equipment that may be recovery 
    devices include absorbers, carbon adsorbers, condensers, oil-water 
    separators or organic-water separators, or organic removal devices such 
    as decanters, strippers, or thin-film evaporation units. For purposes 
    of the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements of this 
    part, recapture devices are considered recovery devices.
        Reference method  means any method of sampling and analyzing for an 
    air pollutant as specified in an applicable subpart, the appendices to 
    40 CFR part 60 or 63, or in appendix B of 40 CFR part 61.
        Referencing subpart  means 40 CFR part 60, subparts Ka, Kb, VV, 
    DDD, III, NNN, and RRR; 40 CFR part 61, subparts V, Y, and B; and 40 
    CFR part 63, subparts G and H.
        Regulated material,  means for purposes of this part, the material 
    regulated by the specific referencing subpart, including volatile 
    organic liquids (VOL), volatile organic compounds (VOC), organic 
    hazardous air pollutants (HAP's), benzene, vinyl chloride, or other 
    chemicals or groups of chemicals.
        Regulated source, for the purposes of this part, means the 
    stationary source, the group of stationary sources, or the portion of a 
    stationary source that is regulated by a relevant standard or other 
    requirement established pursuant to this part, or 40 CFR part 60, 61, 
    or 63.
        Relief device or valve  means a device or valve used only to 
    release an unplanned, nonroutine discharge. A relief device or valve 
    discharge can result from an operator error, a malfunction such as a 
    power failure or equipment failure, or other unexpected cause that 
    requires immediate venting of gas from process equipment in order to 
    avoid safety hazards or equipment damage.
        Repaired, for the purposes of subparts F and G of this part, means 
    that equipment meets the following conditions:
        (1) Is adjusted, or otherwise altered, to eliminate a leak as 
    defined in the applicable section of this part; and
        (2) Unless otherwise specified in applicable provisions of this 
    part, is monitored as specified in Sec. 65.104(b) of subpart F of this 
    part and Sec. 65.143(c) of subpart G of this part, to verify that 
    emissions from the equipment are below the applicable leak definition.
        Routed to a process or route to a process means the emissions are 
    conveyed to any enclosed portion of a process unit where the emissions 
    are predominantly recycled and/or consumed in the same manner as a 
    material that fulfills the same function in the process and/or 
    transformed by chemical reaction into materials that are not regulated 
    materials and/or incorporated into a product; and/or recovered.
        Run means one of a series of emission or other measurements needed 
    to determine emissions for a representative operating period or cycle 
    as specified in this part. Unless otherwise specified, a run may be 
    either intermittent or continuous within the limits of good engineering 
    practice.
        Sampling connection system means an assembly of equipment within a 
    process unit used during periods of representative operation to take 
    samples of the process fluid. Equipment used to take nonroutine grab 
    samples is not considered a sampling connection system.
        Screwed (threaded) connector means a threaded pipe fitting where 
    the threads are cut on the pipe wall and the fitting requires only two 
    pieces to make the connection (i.e., the pipe and the fitting).
        Secondary fuel means a fuel fired through a burner other than the 
    primary fuel burner that provides supplementary heat in addition to the 
    heat provided by the primary fuel.
        Sensor means a device that measures a physical quantity or the 
    change in a physical quantity, such as temperature, pressure, flow 
    rate, pH, or liquid level.
        Set pressure means, for the purposes of subparts F and G of this 
    part, the pressure at which a properly operating pressure relief device 
    begins to open to relieve atypical process system operating pressure.
        Shutdown means the cessation of operation of a regulated source 
    (for example, chemical manufacturing process unit or a reactor, air 
    oxidation reactor, distillation unit) and equipment required or used to 
    comply with this part, or the emptying and degassing of a storage 
    vessel. Shutdown is defined here for purposes including, but not 
    limited to, periodic maintenance, replacement of equipment, or repair. 
    Shutdown does not include the routine
    
    [[Page 57814]]
    
    rinsing or washing of equipment in batch operation between batches.
        Simultaneous loading means, for a shared control device, loading of 
    regulated materials from more than one transfer arm at the same time so 
    that the beginning and ending times of loading cycles coincide or 
    overlap and there is no interruption in vapor flow to the shared 
    control device.
        Single-seal system means, for purposes of subpart C of this part, a 
    floating roof having one continuous seal. This seal may be a vapor-
    mounted, liquid mounted, or metallic shoe seal.
        Specific gravity monitoring device means a unit of equipment used 
    to monitor specific gravity and having a minimum accuracy of 
    0.02 specific gravity units.
        Startup means the setting into operation of a regulated source (for 
    example, chemical manufacturing process unit or a reactor, air 
    oxidation reactor, distillation unit, a storage vessel after emptying 
    and degassing) and/or equipment required or used to comply with this 
    part. Startup includes initial startup, operation solely for testing 
    equipment, the recharging of equipment in batch operation, and 
    transitional conditions due to changes in product for flexible 
    operation units.
        State means all non-Federal authorities, including local agencies, 
    interstate associations, and statewide programs, that have delegated 
    authority to implement the provisions of this part; the referencing 
    subparts; and/or the permit program established under part 70 of this 
    chapter. The term State shall have its conventional meaning where clear 
    from the context.
        Steam jet ejector means a steam nozzle that discharges a high-
    velocity jet across a suction chamber that is connected to the 
    equipment to be evacuated.
        Stuffing box pressure means the fluid (liquid or gas) pressure 
    inside the casing or housing of a piece of equipment, on the process 
    side of the inboard seal.
        Surge control vessel means feed drums, recycle drums, and 
    intermediate vessels. Surge control vessels are used within a process 
    unit (as defined in the specific subpart that references this part) 
    when in-process storage, mixing, or management of flow rates or volumes 
    is needed to assist in production of a product.
        Synthetic organic chemical manufacturing industry consolidated air 
    regulation unit or SOCMI CAR unit means the equipment assembled and 
    connected by pipes or ducts to process raw materials, and to 
    manufacture intended products defined in 40 CFR part 60, subparts VV, 
    III, NNN, and RRR, and in 40 CFR part 63, subpart F. A SOCMI CAR unit 
    defines the boundary of equipment potentially subject to this part. A 
    SOCMI CAR unit may consist of one or more unit operations. For the 
    purpose of this subpart, SOCMI CAR unit includes air oxidation reactors 
    and their associated product separators and recovery devices; reactors 
    and their associated product separators and recovery devices; 
    distillation units and their associated distillate receivers and 
    recovery devices; associated unit operations; associated recovery 
    devices; and any feed, intermediate and product storage vessels, 
    product transfer racks, and connected ducts and piping. A SOCMI CAR 
    unit includes pumps, compressors, agitators, pressure relief devices, 
    sampling connection systems, open-ended valves or lines, valves, 
    connectors, instrumentation systems, and control devices or systems. 
    Except as provided in Sec. 65.1(i), procedures for assigning storage 
    vessels, transfer racks, distillation units and equipment to SOCMI CAR 
    units are specified in Sec. 65.1(j), (k), (l), and (m), respectively. A 
    SOCMI CAR unit is identified by its primary product. If a SOCMI CAR 
    unit is subject to both HON and an NSPS for VOC emissions from SOCMI, 
    the SOCMI CAR unit shall be defined as the HON chemical manufacturing 
    process unit. To be considered a SOCMI CAR unit one of the following 
    must occur:
        (1) It must include a process vent subject to 40 CFR part 60, 
    subparts III, NNN, or RRR, or equipment subject to 40 CFR part 60 
    subpart VV;
        (2) It must include a process vent that would be subject to 40 CFR 
    part 60 subparts III, NNN, or RRR or equipment that would be subject to 
    40 CFR part 60 subpart VV if construction of the regulated source had 
    commenced after the applicability date of the applicable SOCMI New 
    Source Performance Standards; or
        (3) It must be a chemical manufacturing process unit subject to 40 
    CFR 63.100 of subpart F, the Hazardous Organic National Emissions 
    Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants (HON).
        Temperature monitoring device means a unit of equipment used to 
    monitor temperature and having a minimum accuracy of 1 
    percent of the temperature being monitored expressed in degrees Celsius 
    or 1.2 degrees Celsius ( deg.C), whichever is greater.
        Title V permit means any permit issued, renewed, or revised 
    pursuant to Federal or State regulations established under 40 CFR part 
    70 or 71 to implement title V of the Act (42 U.S.C. 7661).
        Total organic compounds or TOC means those compounds measured 
    according to the procedures specified in Sec. 65.64(c) of subpart D of 
    this part, and Sec. 65.158(b)(3)(ii)(A) of subpart G of this part, as 
    applicable. Those compounds that the Administrator has determined do 
    not contribute appreciably to the formation of ozone and that are 
    specifically excluded from the definition of volatile organic compound 
    at 40 CFR 51.100(s), are to be excluded for the purposes of measuring 
    the hourly emission rate as required in Sec. 65.64(f) of subpart D of 
    this part for process vents subject to subpart III, NNN, or RRR of part 
    60.
        Total resource effectiveness index value or TRE index value means a 
    calculated value used to determine whether control is required for a 
    process vent. It is based on process vent flow rate, emission rate of 
    regulated material, net heating value, and corrosion properties 
    (halogenated compound content), as quantified by the equations given 
    under Sec. 65.64(h) of subpart D of this part.
        Vapor balancing system means a piping system that is designed to 
    collect regulated material vapors displaced from tank trucks or 
    railcars during loading and to route the collected regulated material 
    vapors to the storage vessel from which the liquid being loaded 
    originated, or to another storage vessel connected by a common header; 
    or to compress and route to a process or a fuel gas system the 
    collected regulated material vapors.
        Vapor-mounted seal means a continuous seal that is mounted so that 
    there is a vapor space between the stored liquid and the bottom of the 
    seal.
        Visible emission means the observation of an emission of opacity or 
    optical density above the threshold of vision.
    
    
    Sec. 65.3  Compliance with standards and operation and maintenance 
    requirements.
    
        (a) Requirements. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of 
    this section, the emission standards and established parameter ranges 
    of this part shall apply at all times except during periods of startup, 
    shutdown (as defined in Sec. 65.2), malfunction, or nonoperation of the 
    regulated source (or specific portion thereof) resulting in cessation 
    of the emissions to which this part applies. However, if a startup, 
    shutdown, malfunction, or period of nonoperation of one portion of a 
    regulated source does not affect the ability of a particular emission 
    point to comply with the specific provisions to which it is subject, 
    then that emission point shall still be required to comply with the 
    applicable provisions of this part during the startup, shutdown, 
    malfunction, or
    
    [[Page 57815]]
    
    period of nonoperation. For example, if there is an over pressure in 
    the reactor area, a storage vessel in a chemical manufacturing process 
    unit would still be required to be controlled in accordance with 
    subpart C of this part. Similarly, the degassing of a storage vessel 
    would not affect the ability of a process vent to meet the requirements 
    of subpart D or G of this part.
        (2) Subpart F of this part shall apply at all times except during 
    periods of startup or shutdown (as defined in Sec. 65.2), malfunction, 
    process unit shutdown (as defined in Sec. 65.2), or nonoperation of the 
    regulated source (or specific portion thereof) in which the lines are 
    drained and depressurized resulting in cessation of the emissions to 
    which subpart F of this part applies.
        (3) The owner or operator shall not shut down items of equipment 
    that are required or utilized for compliance with requirements of this 
    part during times when emissions are being routed to such items of 
    equipment, if the shutdown would contravene requirements of this part 
    applicable to such items of equipment. The owner or operator shall not 
    shut down CPMS during times when emissions are being routed to the 
    equipment that are being monitored by the CPMS. Paragraph (a)(3) of 
    this section does not apply if the item of equipment or CPMS is 
    malfunctioning or if the owner or operator must shut down the equipment 
    to avoid damage due to a contemporaneous startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction of the regulated source or portion thereof.
        (4) During startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions when the emission 
    standards of this part do not apply pursuant to paragraphs (a)(1) 
    through (a)(3) of this section, the owner or operator shall implement, 
    to the extent reasonably available, measures to prevent or minimize 
    excess emissions. For purposes of paragraph (a)(4) of this section, the 
    term ``excess emissions'' means emissions in excess of those that would 
    have occurred if there were no startup, shutdown, or malfunction and 
    the owner or operator complied with the relevant provisions of this 
    part. The measures to be taken shall be identified in the applicable 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan and may include, but are not 
    limited to, air pollution control technologies, recovery technologies, 
    work practices, pollution prevention, monitoring, and/or changes in the 
    manner of operation of the regulated source. Backup control devices are 
    not required but may be used if available. Paragraph (a)(4) of this 
    section does not apply to Group 2A or Group 2B process vents.
        (5) Malfunctions shall be corrected as soon as practical after 
    their occurrence in accordance with the startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction plan required in Sec. 65.6(a). Paragraph (a)(5) of this 
    section does not apply to Group 2A or Group 2B process vents.
        (6) Operation and maintenance requirements established pursuant to 
    section 112 of the Act are enforceable independent of emissions 
    limitations or other requirements in relevant standards.
        (b) Compliance determination procedures. (1) Parameter monitoring: 
    compliance with operating conditions. The parameter monitoring data for 
    emission points that are required to perform continuous monitoring 
    shall be used to determine compliance with the required operating 
    conditions for the monitored control devices or recovery devices. For 
    each excursion except for excused excursions, and as provided for in 
    paragraph (b)(4)(iii)(B) of this section the owner or operator shall be 
    deemed to have failed to have applied the control in a manner that 
    achieves the required operating conditions.
        (2) Parameter monitoring: Excursions. An excursion is not a 
    violation and in cases where continuous monitoring is required the 
    excursion does not count toward the number of excused excursions, if 
    the conditions of paragraphs (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section 
    are met. Nothing in paragraph (b)(2) of this section shall be construed 
    to allow or excuse a monitoring parameter excursion caused by any 
    activity that violates other applicable provisions of this part.
        (i) During periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction [and the 
    source is operated during such periods in accordance with the source's 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan as required by Sec. 65.6(a)], a 
    monitoring parameter is outside its established range or monitoring 
    data cannot be collected; or
        (ii) During periods of nonoperation of the regulated source or 
    portion thereof (resulting in cessation of the emissions to which the 
    monitoring applies).
        (3) Operation and maintenance procedures. Determination of whether 
    acceptable operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be 
    based on information available to the Administrator that may include, 
    but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and 
    maintenance procedures (including the startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction plan, if applicable, required in Sec. 65.6(a), as 
    applicable), review of operation and maintenance records, inspection of 
    the regulated source, and alternatives approved as specified in 
    Sec. 65.7.
        (4) Emissions standards. Paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (b)(4)(iii) 
    of this section shall govern the use of data, tests, and requirements 
    to determine compliance with emissions standards. Paragraphs (b)(4)(i) 
    through (b)(4)(iii) do not apply to Group 2A or Group 2B process vents. 
    Compliance with design, equipment, work practice, and operating 
    standards, including those for equipment leaks, shall be determined 
    according to paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
        (i) Performance test. The Administrator will determine compliance 
    with emission standards of this part based on the results of 
    performance tests conducted according to the procedures specified in 
    subpart G of this part, unless otherwise specified in a subpart of this 
    part.
        (ii) Operation and maintenance requirements. The Administrator will 
    determine compliance with emission standards of this part by evaluation 
    of an owner or operator's conformance with operation and maintenance 
    requirements, including the evaluation of monitoring data, as specified 
    in subparts of this part.
        (5) Design, equipment, work practice, or operational standards. 
    Paragraphs (b)(5)(i) and (b)(5)(ii) do not apply to Group 2A or Group 
    2B process vents.
        (i) Records and inspection. The Administrator will determine 
    compliance with design, equipment, work practice, or operational 
    emission standards requirements by review of records, inspection of the 
    regulated source, and other procedures specified in this part.
        (ii) Operation and maintenance. The Administrator will determine 
    compliance with design, equipment, work practice, or operational 
    standards by evaluation of an owner or operator's conformance with 
    operation and maintenance requirements as specified in paragraph (a) of 
    this section, in other subparts of this part, and in applicable 
    provisions of Sec. 65.6(b).
        (c) Finding of compliance. The Administrator will make a finding 
    concerning a regulated source's compliance with an emission standard or 
    operating and maintenance requirement as specified in paragraphs (a) 
    and (b) of this section upon obtaining all the compliance information 
    required by the relevant standard (including the written reports of 
    performance test results, monitoring results, and other information, if 
    applicable) and any information available to the Administrator needed 
    to determine whether proper operation and maintenance practices are 
    being used.
    
    [[Page 57816]]
    
    Standards in this part and methods of determining compliance are given 
    in metric units followed by the equivalents in English units. The 
    Administrator will make findings of compliance with the standards of 
    this part using metric units.
        (d) Compliance times. All terms that define a period of time for 
    completion of required tasks (for example, weekly, monthly, quarterly, 
    annually) unless specified otherwise in the section or paragraph that 
    imposes the requirement refer to the standard calendar periods.
        (1) Notwithstanding time periods specified for completion of 
    required tasks, time periods may be changed by mutual agreement between 
    the owner or operator and the Administrator as specified in 
    Sec. 65.5(h)(5) (for example, a period could begin on the compliance 
    date or another date, rather than on the first day of the standard 
    calendar period). For each time period that is changed by agreement, 
    the revised period shall remain in effect until it is changed. A new 
    request is not necessary for each recurring period.
        (2) When the period specified for compliance is a standard calendar 
    period, if the initial compliance date occurs after the beginning of 
    the period, compliance shall be required according to the schedule 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) or (d)(2)(ii) of this section, as 
    appropriate.
        (i) Compliance shall be required before the end of the standard 
    calendar period within which the compliance deadline occurs if there 
    remain at least 3 days for tasks that must be performed weekly, at 
    least 2 weeks for tasks that must be performed monthly, at least 1 
    month for tasks that must be performed each quarter, or at least 3 
    months for tasks that must be performed annually; or
        (ii) In all other cases, compliance shall be required before the 
    end of the first full standard calendar period after the period within 
    which the initial compliance deadline occurs.
        (3) In all instances where a provision requires completion of a 
    task during each of multiple successive periods, an owner or operator 
    may perform the required task at any time during the specified period 
    provided the task is conducted at a reasonable interval after 
    completion of the task during the previous period.
    
    
    Sec. 65.4  Recordkeeping.
    
        (a) Maintaining notifications, records, and reports. Except as 
    provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the owner or operator of 
    each regulated source subject to this part shall keep copies of 
    notifications, reports, and records required by this part for the 
    length of time specified in paragraphs (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this 
    section, as applicable.
        (1) If an owner or operator is required to operate under a title V 
    permit, then all applicable notifications, reports, and records shall 
    be maintained for at least 5 years, unless a subpart of this part 
    specifies a longer period.
        (2) If an owner or operator is not required to operate under a 
    title V permit, then all notifications, reports, and records required 
    by this part shall be maintained for at least 2 years. If a subpart of 
    this part specifies records to be maintained for a period different 
    than 2 years, then those records shall be kept for that period.
        (b) Copies of reports. If an owner or operator submits reports to 
    the applicable EPA Regional Office, the owner or operator is not 
    required to maintain copies of those reports. If the EPA Regional 
    Office has waived the requirement of Sec. 65.5(g)(1) for submittal of 
    copies of reports, the owner or operator is not required to maintain 
    copies of the waived reports. Paragraph (b) of this section applies 
    only to reports and not the underlying records which must be maintained 
    as specified throughout this part.
        (c) Availability of records. All applicable records shall be 
    maintained in such a manner that they can be readily accessed and are 
    suitable for inspection as specified in paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of 
    this section.
        (1) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, 
    records of the most recent 2 years shall be retained onsite or shall be 
    accessible to an inspector while onsite. The records of the remaining 3 
    years, where required, may be retained offsite.
        (2) For sources referenced to this part from 40 CFR part 63, 
    subpart G or H, the most recent 6 months of records shall be retained 
    on site or shall be accessible to an inspector while onsite from a 
    central location by computer or other means that provides access within 
    2 hours after a request. The remaining 4 and one-half years of records, 
    where required, may be retained offsite.
        (3) Records specified in paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section 
    may be maintained in hard copy or computer-readable form including, but 
    not limited to, on paper, microfilm, computer, computer disk, magnetic 
    tape, or microfiche.
    
    
    Sec. 65.5  Reporting requirements.
    
        (a) Required reports. Each owner or operator of a regulated source 
    subject to this subpart shall submit the reports listed in paragraphs 
    (a)(1) through (a)(6) of this section, as applicable.
        (1) A Notification of Initial Startup described in paragraph (b) of 
    this section.
        (2) An Initial Notification for Part 65 Applicability described in 
    paragraph (c) of this section.
        (3) An Initial Compliance Status Report described in paragraph (d) 
    of this section.
        (4) Periodic reports described in paragraph (e) of this section.
        (5) Other reports. Other reports shall be submitted as specified 
    elsewhere in this part.
        (6) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports described in 
    Sec. 65.6(c) of this subpart.
        (b) Notification of Initial Startup--(1) Contents. Any owner or 
    operator of a regulated source which elects to comply with this part at 
    initial startup shall send the Administrator written notification of 
    the actual date of initial startup of a regulated source.
        (2) Due date. The notification of the actual date of initial 
    startup shall be postmarked within 15 days after such date.
        (c) Initial Notification for Part 65 Applicability. Owners or 
    operators of regulated sources that have been subject to a 40 CFR part 
    60, 61, or 63 standard and who have chosen to comply with this part and 
    who are not operating the regulated source under an approved title V 
    permit shall notify the Administrator. The notice shall include the 
    information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(7) of this 
    section, as applicable, and may accompany the application for a 
    construction permit for the regulated source. This notification may be 
    waived by the Administrator.
        (1) Identification of the storage vessels subject to subpart C of 
    this part.
        (2) Identification of the process vents subject to subpart D of 
    this part, including process vent group status as specified in 
    Sec. 65.62(a) of subpart D of this part.
        (3) Identification of the process vents subject to 40 CFR part 60, 
    subpart DDD complying with requirements of subpart G of this part.
        (4) Identification of the transfer racks subject to subpart E of 
    this part.
        (5) For equipment leaks, identification of the process units 
    subject to subpart F of this part.
        (6) The proposed implementation schedule specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f)(1) for sources identified in paragraphs (c)(1) through 
    (c)(5) of this section, with the implementation schedule extending no 
    longer than 3 years.
        (7) Process unit identification. As an alternative to requirements 
    specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4), and (c)(6) of this 
    section, the process units
    
    [[Page 57817]]
    
    can be identified instead of the individual pieces of equipment. For 
    this alternative, the kind of emission point in the process unit that 
    will comply must also be identified.
        (d) Initial Compliance Status Report--(1) Contents. The owner or 
    operator shall submit an Initial Compliance Status Report for each 
    regulated source subject to this part containing the information 
    specified in the subparts of this part. Unless the required information 
    has already been submitted under requirements of the applicable 
    referencing subpart, this information can be submitted as part of a 
    title V permit application or amendment.
        (2) Due date. The owner or operator shall submit the Initial 
    Compliance Status Report for each regulated source 240 days after the 
    applicable compliance date specified in the referencing subparts, or 60 
    days after the completion of the initial performance test or initial 
    compliance determination, whichever is earlier. Initial compliance 
    Status Reports may be combined for multiple regulated sources as long 
    as the due date requirements for all sources covered in the combined 
    report are met.
        (e) Periodic reports. The owner or operator of a source subject to 
    monitoring requirements of this part or to other requirements of this 
    part where periodic reporting is specified, shall submit a periodic 
    report.
        (1) Contents. Periodic reports shall include all information 
    specified in subparts of this part.
        (2) Due date. The periodic report shall be submitted semiannually 
    no later than 60 calendar days after the end of each 6-month period. 
    The first report shall be submitted no later than the last day of the 
    month that includes the date 8 months after the date the source became 
    subject to this rule or since the last part 60, part 61, or part 63 
    periodic report was submitted for the applicable requirement, whichever 
    is earlier.
        (3) Overlap with title V reports. Information required by this 
    part, which is submitted with a title V periodic report, need not also 
    be included in a subsequent periodic report required by this part. The 
    title V report shall be referenced in the periodic report required by 
    this part.
        (f) General report content. All reports and notifications submitted 
    pursuant to this part, including reports that combine information from 
    this part and a referencing subpart, shall include the information 
    specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(4) of this section.
        (1) The name, address, and telephone number (fax number may also be 
    provided) of the owner or operator.
        (2) The name, address and telephone number of the person to whom 
    inquiries should be addressed, if different than the owner/operator.
        (3) The address (physical location) of the reporting facility.
        (4) Identification of each regulated source covered in the 
    submission and identification of which subparts (referencing and part 
    65) options from this part are applicable to that regulated source. 
    Summaries and groupings of this information are permitted.
        (g) Report and notification submission--(1) Submission. All reports 
    and notifications required under this part shall be sent to the 
    Administrator at the appropriate EPA Regional Office and to the 
    delegated State authority, except that requests for permission to use 
    an alternative means of emission limitation as provided for in 
    Sec. 65.8(a) shall be submitted to the Director of the EPA Office of 
    Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection 
    Agency, MD-10, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711. The EPA 
    Regional Office may waive the requirement to receive a copy of any 
    reports or notifications at its discretion.
        (2) Submission of copies. If any State requires a notice that 
    contains all the information required in a report or notification 
    listed in this part, an owner or operator may send the appropriate EPA 
    Regional Office a copy of the report or notification sent to the State 
    to satisfy the requirements of this part for that report or 
    notification.
        (3) Method of submission. Wherever this subpart specifies 
    ``postmark'' dates, submittals may be sent by methods other than the 
    U.S. Mail (for example, by fax or courier). Submittals shall be sent on 
    or before the specified date.
        (4) Submission by electronic media. If acceptable to both the 
    Administrator and the owner or operator of a source, reports may be 
    submitted on electronic media.
        (h) Adjustment to timing of submittals and review of required 
    communications--(1) Alignment with title V submission. An owner or 
    operator may submit periodic reports required by this part on the same 
    schedule as the title V periodic report for the facility. The owner or 
    operator using this option need not obtain prior approval, but must 
    assure no reporting gaps from the last periodic report for the relevant 
    standards. The owner or operator shall clearly identify the change in 
    reporting schedule in the first report filed under paragraph (h) of 
    this section. The requirements of paragraph (e) of this section are not 
    waived when implementing this change.
        (2) Request for adjustment. An owner or operator may arrange by 
    mutual agreement (which may be a standing agreement) with the 
    Administrator a common schedule on which periodic reports required by 
    this part shall be submitted throughout the year as long as the 
    reporting period is not extended. An owner or operator who wishes to 
    request a change in a time period or postmark deadline for a particular 
    requirement shall request the adjustment in writing as soon as 
    practical before the subject activity is required to take place. The 
    owner or operator shall include in the request whatever information he 
    or she considers useful to convince the Administrator that an 
    adjustment is warranted. A request for a change to the periodic 
    reporting schedule need only be made once for every schedule change and 
    not once for every semiannual report submitted.
        (3) Approval of request for adjustment. If, in the Administrator's 
    judgment, an owner or operator's request for an adjustment to a 
    particular time period or postmark deadline is warranted, the 
    Administrator will approve the adjustment. The Administrator will 
    notify the owner or operator in writing of approval or disapproval of 
    the request for an adjustment within 15 calendar days of receiving 
    sufficient information to evaluate the request.
        (4) Notification of delay. If the Administrator is unable to meet a 
    specified deadline, the owner or operator will be notified of any 
    significant delay and informed of the amended schedule.
        (i) An owner or operator shall report in a title V permit 
    application or as otherwise specified by the permitting authority, the 
    information listed in paragraphs (i)(1) through (i)(5) of this section.
        (1) A list designating each emission point complying with subparts 
    C through G of this part and whether each process vent is Group 1, 
    Group 2A, or Group 2B.
        (2) The control technology or method of compliance that will be 
    applied to each emission point.
        (3) A statement that the compliance demonstration, monitoring, 
    inspection, recordkeeping, and reporting provisions in subparts C 
    through G of this part that are applicable to each emission point will 
    be implemented beginning on the date of compliance as specified in the 
    referencing subpart.
        (4) The monitoring information in Sec. 65.162(e) of subpart G of 
    this part if, for any emission point, the owner or operator of a source 
    seeks to comply
    
    [[Page 57818]]
    
    through use of a control technique other than those for which 
    monitoring parameters are specified in Secs. 65.148 through 65.154 of 
    subpart G of this part.
        (5) Any requests for alternatives to the continuous operating 
    parameter monitoring and recordkeeping provisions, as specified in 
    Sec. 65.162(d) of subpart G of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.6  Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan and procedures.
    
        (a) Paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section do not apply to Group 2A 
    or Group 2B process vents.
        (b) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan--(1) Description and 
    purpose of plan. The owner or operator of a regulated source shall 
    develop and implement a written startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan 
    that describes, in detail, procedures for operating and maintaining the 
    regulated source during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction 
    and a program of corrective action for malfunctioning process and air 
    pollution control equipment used to comply with the relevant standard. 
    The plan shall also address routine or otherwise predictable CPMS 
    malfunctions. This plan shall be developed by the owner or operator by 
    the regulated source's implementation date as specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f), or, for sources referenced from 40 CFR part 63, subpart 
    F, by the compliance date specified in that subpart. The requirement to 
    develop and implement this plan shall be incorporated into the source's 
    title V permit. This requirement is optional for equipment that must 
    comply with subpart F of this part. It is not optional for equipment 
    equipped with a closed vent system and control device subject to 
    subpart G of this part. The purpose of the startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction plan is described in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(1)(ii) of 
    this section.
        (i) To ensure that owners or operators are prepared to correct 
    malfunctions as soon as practical after their occurrence in order to 
    minimize excess emissions of regulated material; and
        (ii) To reduce the reporting burden associated with periods of 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction (including corrective action taken 
    to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control equipment 
    to its normal or usual manner of operation).
        (2) Operation of source. During periods of startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction, the owner or operator of a regulated source shall operate 
    and maintain such source (including associated air pollution control 
    equipment and CPMS) in accordance with the procedures specified in the 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan developed under paragraph 
    (b)(1) of this section.
        (3) Use of additional procedures. To satisfy the requirements of 
    this section to develop a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, the 
    owner or operator may use the regulated source's standard operating 
    procedures (SOP) manual, or an Occupational Safety and Health 
    Administration (OSHA) or other plan, provided the alternative plans 
    meet all the requirements of this section and are made available for 
    inspection when requested by the Administrator.
        (4) Revisions to the plan. Based on the results of a determination 
    made under Sec. 65.3(b)(3), the Administrator may require that an owner 
    or operator of a regulated source make changes to the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan for that source. The Administrator may 
    require reasonable revisions to a startup, shutdown, and malfunction 
    plan, if the Administrator finds that the plan is inadequate as 
    specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (b)(4)(iv) of this section:
        (i) Does not address a startup, shutdown, and malfunction event of 
    the CPMS, the air pollution control equipment, or the regulated source 
    that has occurred; or
        (ii) Fails to provide for the operation of the regulated source 
    (including associated air pollution control equipment and CPMS) during 
    a startup, shutdown, and malfunction event in a manner consistent with 
    good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions to the 
    extent practical; or
        (iii) Does not provide adequate procedures for correcting 
    malfunctioning process and/or air pollution control equipment as 
    quickly as practicable; or
        (iv) Does not provide adequate measures to prevent or minimize 
    excess emissions to the extent practical as specified in 
    Sec. 65.3(a)(4).
        (5) Additional malfunction plan requirements. If the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan fails to address or inadequately 
    addresses an event that meets the characteristics of a malfunction but 
    was not included in the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan at the 
    time the owner or operator developed the plan, the owner or operator 
    shall revise the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan within 45 days 
    after the event to include detailed procedures for operating and 
    maintaining the regulated source during similar malfunction events and 
    a program of corrective action for similar malfunctions of process or 
    air pollution control equipment or CPMS.
        (c) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction reporting requirements--(1) 
    Periodic startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports. If actions taken 
    by an owner or operator during a startup, shutdown, and malfunction of 
    a regulated source, or of a control device or monitoring system 
    required for compliance (including actions taken to correct a 
    malfunction) are consistent with the procedures specified in the 
    source's startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, then the owner or 
    operator shall state such information in a startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction report. During the reporting period, reports shall only be 
    required for startup, shutdown, and malfunction during which excess 
    emissions occur. A startup, shutdown, and malfunction report can be 
    submitted as part of a periodic report required under Sec. 65.5(e), or 
    on a more frequent basis if specified otherwise in a relevant standard 
    or as established otherwise by the permitting authority in the source's 
    title V permit. The startup, shutdown, and malfunction report shall be 
    delivered or postmarked by the 30th day following the end of each 
    calendar half (or other calendar reporting period, as appropriate), 
    unless the information is submitted with the periodic report. The 
    report shall include the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) 
    and (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
        (i) The name, title, and signature of the owner or operator or 
    other responsible official certifying its accuracy.
        (ii) The number of startup, shutdown, malfunction events and the 
    total duration of all periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction for 
    the reporting period if the total duration amounts to either of the 
    durations in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii)(A) or (c)(1)(ii)(B) of this section.
        (A) Total duration of periods of inoperation or malfunctioning of a 
    CPMS, as recorded in Sec. 65.162(a)(2)(iii) of subpart G of this part, 
    equal to or greater than 5 percent of that CPMS operating time for the 
    reporting period; or
        (B) Total duration of periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction 
    for a regulated source during which excess emission occur equal to or 
    greater than 1 percent of that regulated source operating time for the 
    reporting period.
        (2) Immediate startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports. 
    Notwithstanding the allowance to reduce the frequency of reporting for 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports under paragraph (c)(1) of 
    this section, any time an action taken by an owner or operator during a 
    startup, shutdown, or malfunction (including actions taken to correct a
    
    [[Page 57819]]
    
    malfunction) during which excess emissions occur is not consistent with 
    the procedures specified in the regulated source's startup, shutdown, 
    and malfunction plan, the owner or operator shall report the actions 
    taken for that event within 2 working days after commencing actions 
    inconsistent with the plan followed by a letter delivered or postmarked 
    within 7 working days after the end of the event. The immediate report 
    required under this paragraph (c)(2) of this section shall contain the 
    name, title, and signature of the owner or operator or other 
    responsible official who is certifying its accuracy, explaining the 
    circumstances of the event, the reasons for not following the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan, and whether any excess emissions and/or 
    parameter monitoring exceedances are believed to have occurred. Not 
    withstanding the requirements of the previous sentence, after the 
    effective date of an approved permit program in the State in which a 
    regulated source is located, the owner or operator may make alternative 
    reporting arrangements, in advance, with the permitting authority in 
    that State. Procedures governing the arrangement of alternative 
    reporting requirements under paragraph (c)(2) of this section are 
    specified in Sec. 65.5(h).
    
    
    Sec. 65.7  Monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting waivers and 
    alternatives.
    
        (a) Waiver of recordkeeping or reporting requirements--(1) Waiver 
    application. The owner or operator may apply for a waiver from 
    recordkeeping or reporting requirements if the regulated source is 
    achieving the relevant standard(s), or the source is operating under an 
    extension of compliance, under 40 CFR 63.6(i) or a waiver of compliance 
    under 40 CFR 61.10(b), or the owner or operator has requested an 
    extension or waiver of compliance and the Administrator is still 
    considering that request. The waiver application shall be submitted in 
    writing to the Administrator.
        (2) Extension of compliance request. If an application for a waiver 
    of recordkeeping or reporting is made, the application shall accompany 
    the request for an extension of compliance under 40 CFR 63.6(i) or the 
    request for a waiver of compliance under 40 CFR 61.10(b), any required 
    compliance progress report or compliance status report required in the 
    source's title V permit application or a permit modification 
    application, or a periodic report required under this part, whichever 
    is applicable. The application shall include whatever information the 
    owner or operator considers useful to convince the Administrator that a 
    waiver of recordkeeping or reporting is warranted.
        (3) Approval or denial of waiver. The Administrator will approve or 
    deny a request for a waiver of recordkeeping or reporting requirements 
    when performing one of the actions described in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) 
    through (a)(3)(iii) of this section:
        (i) Approves or denies an extension of compliance under 40 CFR 
    63.6(i) or a waiver of compliance under 40 CFR 61.10(b); or
        (ii) Makes a determination of compliance following the submission 
    of a required compliance status report or periodic report; or
        (iii) Makes a determination of suitable progress towards compliance 
    following the submission of a compliance progress report, whichever is 
    applicable.
        (4) Waiver conditions. A waiver of any recordkeeping or reporting 
    requirement granted under paragraph (a) of this section may be 
    conditioned on other recordkeeping or reporting requirements deemed 
    necessary by the Administrator.
        (5) Waiver cancellation. Approval of any waiver granted under this 
    section shall not abrogate the Administrator's authority under the Act 
    or in any way prohibit the Administrator from later canceling the 
    waiver. The cancellation will be made only after notice is given to the 
    owner or operator of the regulated source.
        (b) Requests for approval of alternative monitoring or 
    recordkeeping. An owner or operator may submit a written request for 
    approval to use alternatives to the monitoring or recordkeeping 
    provisions of this part. For process vents and transfer racks, except 
    low-throughput transfer racks, the provisions in paragraph (c) of this 
    section shall govern the review and approval of requests. In addition, 
    the application shall include information justifying the owner or 
    operator's request for an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping 
    method, such as the technical or economic infeasibility, or the 
    impracticality, of the regulated source using the required method. For 
    storage vessels and low throughput transfer racks, owners and operators 
    shall comply with the requirements of Sec. 65.145(b) of subpart G of 
    this part for preparing and submitting a design evaluation. For 
    equipment leaks, owners and operators shall comply with the 
    recordkeeping requirements of Sec. 65.163(d) of subpart G of this part.
        (c) Approval or denial of request to use alternative monitoring or 
    recordkeeping. The Administrator will notify the owner or operator of 
    approval or intention to deny approval of the request to use an 
    alternative monitoring or recordkeeping method within 90 calendar days 
    after receipt of the original request and within 30 calendar days after 
    receipt of any supplementary information that is submitted. Before 
    disapproving any request to use an alternative method, the 
    Administrator will notify the applicant of the Administrator's 
    intention to disapprove the request together with the items specified 
    in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section:
        (1) Notice of the information and findings on which the intended 
    disapproval is based; and
        (2) Notice of opportunity for the owner or operator to present 
    additional information to the Administrator before final action on the 
    request. At the time the Administrator notifies the applicant of the 
    intention to disapprove the request, the Administrator will specify how 
    much time the owner or operator will have after being notified of the 
    intended disapproval to submit the additional information.
        (d) Use of an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping method. (1) 
    The owner or operator of a regulated source is subject to the 
    monitoring and recordkeeping requirements of the relevant standard 
    unless permission to use an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping 
    method requested under paragraph (b) of this section or Sec. 65.162(d) 
    of subpart G of this part has been granted by the Administrator. Once 
    an alternative is approved, the owner or operator shall use the 
    alternative for the emission points or regulated sources cited in the 
    approval and shall meet the monitoring and recordkeeping requirements 
    of the relevant standard for all other emission points or regulated 
    sources.
        (2) If the Administrator approves the use of an alternative 
    monitoring or recordkeeping method for a regulated source under 
    paragraph (c) of this section, the owner or operator of such source 
    shall continue to use the alternative monitoring or recordkeeping 
    method unless he or she receives approval from the Administrator to use 
    another method.
        (3) If the Administrator finds reasonable grounds to dispute the 
    results obtained by an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping method, 
    requirement, or procedure, the Administrator may require the use of a 
    method, requirement, or procedure specified in the relevant standard. 
    If the results of the specified and alternative methods, requirements, 
    or procedures do not agree, the results obtained by the specified 
    method, requirement, or procedure shall prevail.
    
    [[Page 57820]]
    
    Sec. 65.8  Procedures for approval of alternative means of emission 
    limitation.
    
        (a) Alternative means of emission limitation. An owner or operator 
    may request a determination of equivalence for an alternative means of 
    emission limitation to the requirements of design, equipment, work 
    practice, or operational standards of this part. If, in the judgment of 
    the Administrator, an alternative means of emission limitation will 
    achieve a reduction in regulated material emissions at least equivalent 
    to the reduction in emissions from that source achieved under any 
    design, equipment, work practice, or operational standards (but not 
    performance standards) in this part, the Administrator will publish in 
    the Federal Register a notice permitting the use of the alternative 
    means for purposes of compliance with that requirement.
        (1) The notice may condition the permission on requirements related 
    to the operation and maintenance of the alternative means.
        (2) Any such notice shall be published only after public notice and 
    an opportunity for a hearing.
        (b) Content of submittal. (1) In order to obtain approval, any 
    person seeking permission to use an alternative means of compliance 
    under this section shall collect, verify, and submit to the 
    Administrator information showing that the alternative means achieves 
    equivalent emission reductions. An owner or operator seeking permission 
    to use an alternative means of compliance who has not previously 
    performed testing shall also submit a proposed test plan. If the owner 
    or operator seeks permission to use an alternative means of compliance 
    based on previously performed testing, they shall submit the results of 
    that testing, a description of the procedures followed in testing or 
    monitoring, and a description of pertinent conditions during testing or 
    monitoring.
        (2) The owner or operator who requests an alternative means of 
    emission limitation shall submit a description of the proposed testing, 
    monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting that will be used and the 
    proposed basis for demonstrating compliance.
        (3) For storage vessels, the owner or operator shall include the 
    results of actual emissions tests using full-size or scale-model 
    storage vessels that accurately collect and measure all regulated 
    material emissions using a given control technique, and that accurately 
    simulate wind and account for other emission variables such as 
    temperature and barometric pressure, or an engineering analysis that 
    the Administrator determines is an accurate method of determining 
    equivalence.
        (4) For proposed alternatives to equipment leak requirements, the 
    owner or operator shall also submit the information and meet the 
    requirements for alternative means of emission limitation specified in 
    Sec. 65.102(b) of subpart F of this part (alternative means of emission 
    limitation).
        (c) Manufacturers of equipment used to control equipment leaks of a 
    regulated material may request a determination of equivalence for an 
    alternative means of emission limitation for equipment leaks, as 
    specified in Sec. 65.102(c) of this part.
        (d) Compliance. If the Administrator makes a determination that a 
    means of emission limitation is a permissible alternative to the 
    requirements of design, equipment, work practice, or operational 
    standards of this part, the owner or operator shall either comply with 
    the alternative or comply with the requirements of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.9  Availability of information and confidentiality.
    
        (a) Availability of information. The availability to the public of 
    information provided to, or otherwise obtained by, the Administrator 
    under this part shall be governed by part 2 of this chapter. With the 
    exception of information protected under part 2 of this chapter, all 
    reports, records, and other information collected by the Administrator 
    under this part are available to the public. In addition, a copy of 
    each permit application, compliance plan (including the schedule of 
    compliance), initial compliance status report, periodic report, and 
    title V permit is available to the public, consistent with protections 
    recognized in section 503(e) of the Act.
        (b) Confidentiality. (1) If an owner or operator is required to 
    submit information entitled to protection from disclosure under section 
    114(c) of the Act, the owner or operator may submit such information 
    separately. The requirements of section 114(c) shall apply to such 
    information.
        (2) The contents of a title V permit shall not be entitled to 
    protection under section 114(c) of the Act; however, information 
    submitted as part of an application for a title V permit may be 
    entitled to protection from disclosure.
    
    
    Sec. 65.10  State authority.
    
        (a) The provisions of this part shall not be construed in any 
    manner to preclude any State or political subdivision thereof from 
    adopting and enforcing any emission standard or limitation applicable 
    to a regulated source, provided that such standard, limitation, 
    prohibition, or other regulation is not less stringent than the 
    standard applicable to such a regulated source.
        (b) The provisions of this part shall not be construed in any 
    manner to preclude any State or political subdivision thereof from 
    requiring the owner or operator of a regulated source to obtain 
    permits, licenses, or approvals prior to initiating construction, 
    modification, or operation of such a regulated source.
    
    
    Sec. 65.11  Circumvention.
    
        (a) No owner or operator subject to the provisions of this part 
    shall build, erect, install, or use any article, machine, equipment, or 
    process to conceal an emission that would otherwise constitute 
    noncompliance with a relevant standard. Such concealment includes, but 
    is not limited to those listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this 
    section.
        (1) The use of diluents to achieve compliance with a relevant 
    standard based on the concentration of a pollutant in the effluent 
    discharged to the atmosphere and;
        (2) The fragmentation of an operation for the purpose of avoiding 
    regulation by a relevant standard.
        (b) Prohibited activities. (1) No owner or operator subject to the 
    provisions of this part shall operate any regulated source in violation 
    of the requirements of this part except under the provisions specified 
    in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (b)(1)(iii):
        (i) An extension or waiver of compliance granted by the 
    Administrator under an applicable part; or
        (ii) An extension of compliance granted under an applicable part by 
    a State with an approved permit program; or
        (iii) An exemption from compliance granted by the President under 
    section 112(i)(4) of the Act.
        (2) After the effective date of an approved permit program in a 
    State, no owner or operator of a regulated source in that State who is 
    required under an applicable part to obtain a title V permit shall 
    operate such source except in compliance with the provisions of this 
    part and the applicable requirements of the permit program in that 
    State.
        (3) An owner or operator of a regulated source who is subject to an 
    emission standard promulgated under this part or a referencing part 
    shall comply with the requirements of that standard by the date(s) 
    established in the applicable subpart(s) (including this
    
    [[Page 57821]]
    
    subpart) regardless of whether the criteria specified in paragraph 
    (b)(3)(i) or (b)(3)(ii) are met:
        (i) A title V permit has been issued to that source; or
        (ii) If a title V permit has been issued to that source, whether 
    such permit has been revised or modified to incorporate the emission 
    standard.
        (c) Severability. Notwithstanding any requirement incorporated into 
    a title V permit obtained by an owner or operator subject to the 
    provisions of this part, the provisions of this part are federally 
    enforceable.
    
    
    Sec. 65.12  Delegation of authority.
    
        (a) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority to a 
    State under sections 111(c) and 112(l) of the Act, the authorities 
    contained in paragraph (b) of this section shall be retained by the 
    Administrator and not transferred to a State.
        (b) Authorities that will not be delegated to States: Sec. 65.8, 
    Sec. 65.46 of subpart C of this part, and Sec. 65.102 of subpart F of 
    this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.13  Incorporation by reference.
    
        (a) The materials listed in this section are incorporated by 
    reference in the corresponding sections noted. These incorporations by 
    reference were approved by the Director of the Federal Register in 
    accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. These materials are 
    incorporated as they exist on the date of the approval, and notice of 
    any change in these materials will be published in the Federal 
    Register. The materials are available for purchase at the corresponding 
    addresses noted below, and all are available for inspection at the 
    Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capital Street, NW, suite 
    700, Washington, DC, at the Air and Radiation Docket and Information 
    Center, U.S. EPA, 401 M Street, SW., Washington, DC, and at the EPA 
    Library (MD-35), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
        (b) The materials listed below are available for purchase from at 
    least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and 
    Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103; 
    or University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, 
    Michigan 48106.
        (1) ANSI B31.3--1996, Process Piping, IBR approved [Insert 
    Effective Date of Final Rule] for Sec. 65.2.
        (2) ASTM D1946-77, 90, 94, Standard Method for Analysis of Reformed 
    Gas by Gas Chromatography, IBR approved [Insert Effective Date of Final 
    Rule] for Sec. 65.64(e)(2), Sec. 65.147(b)(3)(ii).
        (3) ASTM D2382-76, 88, Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by 
    Bomb Calorimeter [High-Precision Method]. IBR approved [Insert 
    Effective Date of Final Rule] for Sec. 65.64(e)(1), 
    Sec. 65.147(b)(3)(ii).
        (4) ASTM D2879-93, 96, Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relationship and 
    Initial Decomposition Temperature of Liquids by Isoteniscope, IBR 
    approved [Insert Effective Date of Final Rule] for Sec. 65.2.
    
    
    Sec. 65.14  Addresses.
    
        (a) All requests, reports, applications, notifications, and other 
    communications submitted pursuant to this part, except as specified 
    under Sec. 65.5(g)(1) of this part, shall be sent to the Administrator 
    at the appropriate EPA Regional Office indicated in the following list:
    
    Region I (Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode 
    Island, Vermont), Director, Air Management Division, U.S. 
    Environmental Protection Agency, John F. Kennedy Federal Building, 
    Boston, Massachusetts 02203.
    Region II (New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands), 
    Director, Air and Waste Management Division, U.S. Environmental 
    Protection Agency, 290 Broadway, New York, New York 10007.
    Region III (Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, 
    Virginia, West Virginia), Director, Air and Waste Management 
    Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 841 Chestnut 
    Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
    Region IV (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North 
    Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee), Director, Air and Waste 
    Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 61 
    Forsyth Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30303.
    Region V (Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin), 
    Director, Air Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection 
    Agency, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604-3507.
    Region VI (Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas); 
    Director; Air, Pesticides, and Toxics Division; U.S. Environmental 
    Protection Agency, 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75202.
    Region VII (Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska), Director, Air and 
    Toxics Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 726 Minnesota 
    Avenue, Kansas City, Kansas 66101.
    Region VIII (Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, 
    Wyoming), Director, Air and Waste Management Division, U.S. 
    Environmental Protection Agency, 999 18th Street, Suite 500, Denver, 
    Colorado 80295.
    Region IX (American Samoa, Arizona, California, Guam, Hawaii, 
    Nevada), Director, Air and Waste Management Division, U.S. 
    Environmental Protection Agency, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, 
    California 94105.
    Region X (Alaska, Oregon, Idaho, Washington), Director, Air and 
    Waste Management Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 
    1200 Sixth Avenue, Seattle, Washington 98101.
        (b) All information required to be submitted to the Administrator 
    under this part also shall also be submitted to the appropriate State 
    agency of any State to which authority has been delegated under section 
    112(l) of the Act. The mailing addresses for State agencies are listed 
    below:
    
    State of Alabama, Air Pollution Control Division, Air Pollution 
    Control Commission, 645 S. McDonough Street, Montgomery, Alabama 
    36104.
    State of Alaska, Department of Environmental Conservation, 3220 
    Hospital Drive, Juneau, Alaska 99811.
    Arizona Department of Health Services, 1740 West Adams Street, 
    Phoenix, Arizona 85007.
    State of Arkansas: Chief, Division of Air Pollution Control, 
    Arkansas Department of Pollution Control and Ecology, 8001 National 
    Drive, P.O. Box 9583, Little Rock, Arkansas 72209.
    
    California
    
    Amador County Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 430, 810 
    Court Street, Jackson, California 95642.
    Bay Area Air Pollution Control District, 939 Ellis Street, San 
    Francisco, California 94109.
    Butte County Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 1229, 316 
    Nelson Avenue, Oroville, California 95965.
    Calaveras County Air Pollution Control District, Government Center, 
    El Dorado Road, San Andreas, California 95249.
    Colusa County Air Pollution Control District, 751 Fremont Street, 
    Colusa, California 95952.
    El Dorado Air Pollution Control District, 330 Fair Lane, 
    Placerville, California 95667.
    Fresno County Air Pollution Control District, 1221 Fulton Mall, 
    Fresno, California 93721.
    Glenn County Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 351, 720 North 
    Colusa Street, Willows, California 95988.
    Great Basin Unified Air Pollution Control District, 157 Short 
    Street, suite 6, Bishop, California 93514.
    Imperial County Air Pollution Control District, County Services 
    Building, 939 West Main Street, El Centro, California 92243.
    Kern County Air Pollution Control District, 1601 H Street, suite 
    250, Bakersfield, California 93301.
    Kings County Air Pollution Control District, 330 Campus Drive, 
    Hanford, California 93230.
    Lake County Air Pollution Control District, 255 North Forbes Street, 
    Lakeport, California 95453.
    Lassen County Air Pollution Control District, 175 Russell Avenue, 
    Susanville, California 96130.
    
    [[Page 57822]]
    
    Madera County Air Pollution Control District, 135 West Yosemite 
    Avenue, Madera, California 93637.
    Mariposa County Air Pollution Control District, Box 5, Mariposa, 
    California 95338.
    Mendocino County Air Pollution Control District, County Courthouse, 
    Ukiah, California 94582.
    Merced County Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 471, 240 East 
    15th Street, Merced, California 95340.
    Modoc County Air Pollution Control District, 202 West 4th Street, 
    Alturas, California 96101.
    Monterey Bay Unified Air Pollution Control, 1164 Monroe Street, 
    Suite 10, Salinas, California 93906.
    Nevada County Air Pollution Control District, H.E.W. Complex, Nevada 
    City, California 95959.
    North Coast Unified Air Quality Management District, 5630 South 
    Broadway, Eureka California 95501.
    Northern Sonoma County Air Pollution Control District, 134 ``A'' 
    Avenue, Auburn, California 95448.
    Placer County Air Pollution Control District, 11491 ``B'' Avenue, 
    Auburn, California 95603.
    Camino del Rimedio, Santa Barbara, California 93110.
    Shasta County Air Pollution Control District, 2650 Hospital Lane, 
    Redding, California 96001.
    Sierra County Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 286, 
    Downieville, California 95936.
    Siskiyou County Air Pollution Control District, 525 South Foothill 
    Drive, Yreka, California 96097.
    South Coast Air Quality Management District, 9150 Flair Drive, El 
    Monte, California 91731.
    Stanislaus County Air Pollution Control District, 1030 Scenic Drive, 
    Modesto, California 95350.
    Sutter County Air Pollution Control District, Sutter County Office 
    Building, 142 Garden Highway, Yuba City, California 95991.
    Tehama County Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 38, 1760 
    Walnut Street, Red Bluff, California 96080.
    Tulare County Air Pollution Control District, County Civic Center, 
    Visalia, California 93277.
    Tuolumne County Air Pollution Control District, 9 North Washington 
    Street, Sonora, California 95370.
    Ventura County Air Pollution Control District, 800 South Victoria 
    Avenue, Ventura, California 93009.
    Yolo-Solano Air Pollution Control District, P.O. Box 1006, 323 First 
    Street, i5, Woodland, California 95695.
    State of Colorado, Department of Health, Air Pollution Control 
    Division, 4210 East 11th Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80220.
    State of Connecticut, Bureau of Air Management, Department of 
    Environmental Protection, State Office Building, 165 Capitol Avenue, 
    Hartford, Connecticut 06106.
    State of Delaware, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and 
    Environmental Control, Tatnall Building, P.O. Box 1401, Dover, 
    Delaware 19901.
    Florida Bureau of Air Quality Management, Department of 
    Environmental Regulation, Twin Towers Office Building, 2600 Blair 
    Stone Road, Tallahassee, Florida 32301.
    State of Georgia, Environmental Protection Division, Department of 
    Natural Resources, 270 Washington Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 
    30334.
    Hawaii Department of Health, 1250 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 
    96813.
    Hawaii Department of Health (mailing address), Post Office Box 3378, 
    Honolulu, Hawaii 96801.
    Idaho Division of Environmental Quality, 601 Pole Line Rd. Ste. # 2 
    Twin Falls Idaho 83301.
    Illinois Environmental Protection Agency--Bureau of Air, 1340 North 
    Ninth St. Springfield, Illinois 62702, 1021 North Grand Avenue East 
    (mailing address), P.O. Box 19276, 62794-9276.
    State of Indiana, Indiana Department of Environmental Management, 
    105 South Meridian Street, P.O. Box 6015, Indianapolis, Indiana 
    46206.
    State of Iowa: Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Environmental 
    Protection Division, Henry A. Wallace Building, 900 East Grand, Des 
    Moines, Iowa 50319.
    State of Kansas: Kansas Department of Health and Environment, Bureau 
    of Air Quality and Radiation Control, Forbes Field, Topeka, Kansas 
    66620.
    Kentucky Division of Air Pollution Control, Department for Natural 
    Resources and Environmental Protection, U.S. 127, Frankfort, 
    Kentucky 40601.
    State of Louisiana: Program Administrator, Air Quality Division, 
    Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality, P.O. Box 44096, Baton 
    Rouge, Louisiana 70804.
    State of Maine, Bureau of Air Quality Control, Department of 
    Environmental Protection, State House, Station No. 17, Augusta, 
    Maine 04333.
    State of Maryland, Bureau of Air Quality and Noise Control, Maryland 
    State Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 201 West Preston 
    Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.
    Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Division of Air Quality Control, 
    Department of Environmental Protection, One Winter Street, 7th 
    floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02108.
    State of Michigan, Air Pollution Control Division, Michigan 
    Department of Natural Resources, Stevens T. Mason Building, 8th 
    Floor, Lansing, Michigan 48926.
    Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Division of Air Quality, 520 
    Lafayette Road, St. Paul, Minnesota 55155.
    Bureau of Pollution Control, Department of Natural Resources, P.O. 
    Box 10385, Jackson, Mississippi 39209.
    State of Missouri: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, 
    Division of Environmental Quality, P.O. Box 176, Jefferson City, 
    Missouri 65102.
    State of Montana, Department of Health and Environmental Services, 
    Air Quality Bureau, Cogswell Building, Helena, Montana 59601.
    State of Nebraska, Nebraska Department of Environmental Control, 
    P.O. Box 94877, State House Station, Lincoln, Nebraska 68509.
    Nevada Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Division of 
    Environmental Protection, 201 South Fall Street, Carson City, Nevada 
    89710.
    State of New Hampshire, Air Resources Division, Department of 
    Environmental Services, 64 North Main Street, Caller Box 2033, 
    Concord, New Hampshire 03302-2033.
    State of New Jersey: New Jersey Department of Environmental 
    Protection, John Fitch Plaza, P.O. Box 2807, Trenton, New Jersey 
    08625.
    State of New Mexico: Director, New Mexico Environmental Improvement 
    Division, Health and Environment Department, 1190 St. Francis Drive, 
    Santa Fe, New Mexico 87503.
    New York: New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, 
    50 Wolf Road, Albany, New York 12233, Attention: Division of Air 
    Resources.
    North Carolina Environmental Management Commission, Department of 
    Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Air Quality, P.O. Box 
    29580, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0580.
    State of North Dakota, State Department of Health and Consolidated 
    Laboratories, Division of Environmental Engineering, State Capitol, 
    Bismarck, North Dakota 58505.
    State of Ohio, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, Central 
    District Office, Air Pollution Unit, P.O. Box 1049, Columbus, Ohio 
    43266-0149.
    State of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State Department of Health, Air Quality 
    Service, P.O. Box 53551, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73152.
    State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality, Yeon Building, 
    522 SW. Fifth, Portland, Oregon 97204.
    Commonwealth of Pennsylvania: Department of Environmental Resources, 
    Post Office Box 2063, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120.
    State of Rhode Island, Division of Air and Hazardous Materials, 
    Department of Environmental Management, 291 Promenade Street, 
    Providence, Rhode Island 02908.
    State of South Carolina, Office of Environmental Quality Control, 
    Department of Health and Environmental Control, 2600 Bull Street, 
    Columbia, South Carolina 29201.
    State of South Dakota, Department of Water and Natural Resources, 
    Office of Air Quality and Solid Waste, Joe Foss Building, 523 East 
    Capitol, Pierre, South Dakota 57501-3181.
    
    [[Page 57823]]
    
    Division of Air Pollution Control, Tennessee Department of Public 
    Health, 256 Capitol Hill Building, Nashville, Tennessee 37219.
    State of Texas, Texas Air Control Board, 6330 Highway 290 East, 
    Austin, Texas 78723.
    State of Utah, Department of Health, Bureau of Air Quality, 288 
    North 1460 West, P.O. Box 16690, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116-0690.
    State of Vermont, Air Pollution Control Division, Agency of Natural 
    Resources, Building 3 South, 103 South Main Street, Waterbury, 
    Vermont 05676.
    Commonwealth of Virginia, Virginia State Air Pollution Control 
    Board, Room 1106, Ninth Street Office Building, Richmond, Virginia 
    23219.
    State of Washington, Department of Ecology, Olympia, Washington 
    98504.
    State of West Virginia: Air Pollution Control Commission, 1558 
    Washington Street, East, Charleston, West Virginia 25311.
    Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, P.O. Box 7921, Madison, 
    Wisconsin 53707.
    Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality Air Division, 122 West 
    25th St.--4th Floor Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002.
    
    
    Secs. 65.15--65.19  [Reserved]
    
                     Table 1 To Subpart A--Applicable 40 CFR Parts 60, 61, and 63 General Provisions
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    40 CFR part 60 subpart A provisions    40 CFR part 61 subpart A
      for referencing subparts Ka, Kb,    provisions for referencing      40 CFR part 63 subpart A provisions for
         VV, DDD, III, NNN, and RRR         subparts Y, V, and BB              referencing subparts  G and H
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Sec.  60.1.........................  Sec.  61.01................  Sec.  63.5 (a)(1), (a)(2), (b), (d)(1)(ii),
    Sec.  60.2.........................  Sec.  61.02                   (d)(3)(i)a, (d)(3)(iii),a (d)(3)(iv) a,
    Sec.  60.5.........................  Sec.  61.02                   (d)(3)(v), (d)(3)(vi) a, (d)(4), (e), (f)(1),
    Sec.  60.6.........................  Sec.  61.05                   and (f)(2).
    Sec.  60.7(a)(1), and (a)(4).......  Sec.  61.06                  Sec.  63.6 (a) (b)(3), (c)(5), (i)(1), (i)(2),
    Sec.  60.14........................  Sec.  61.07                   (i)(4)(i)(A), (i)(5) through (i)(14), (i)(16)
    Sec.  60.15........................  Sec.  61.08                   and (j).
    Sec.  60.16........................  Sec.  61.10 (b) and (c)      Sec.  63.9(a)(2), (b)(4)(i) b, (b)(4)(ii),
                                         Sec.  61.11                   (b)(4)(iii), (b)(5) b, (c) and (d) Sec.
                                         Sec.  61.15                   63.10 (d)(4) Sec.  63.12(b).
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    a These provisions do not apply to equipment leaks.
    a The notifications specified in Secs.  63.9(b)(4)(i) and 63.9(b)(5) shall be submitted at the times specified
      in 40 CFR part 65.
    
    Subpart B--[Reserved]
    
    Subpart C--Storage Vessels
    
    
    Sec. 65.40  Applicability.
    
        (a) The provisions of this subpart and of subpart A of this part 
    apply to control of regulated material emissions from storage vessels 
    where a referencing subpart references the use of this subpart for such 
    emissions control.
        (b) If a physical or process change is made that causes a storage 
    vessel to fall outside the criteria in the referencing subpart that 
    required the storage vessel to control emissions of regulated material, 
    the owner or operator may elect to no longer comply with the provisions 
    of this subpart. Instead, the owner or operator shall comply with any 
    applicable provisions of the referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.41  Definitions.
    
        All terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning given them in 
    the Act and in subpart A of this part. If a term is defined in both 
    subpart A of this part and in other subparts that reference the use of 
    this subpart, the term shall have the meaning given in subpart A of 
    this part for purposes of this subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.42  Control requirements.
    
        (a) For each storage vessel to which this subpart applies, the 
    owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of paragraphs (b) 
    or (c) of this section.
        (b) For each storage vessel storing a liquid for which the maximum 
    true vapor pressure of the total regulated material in the liquid is 
    less than 76.6 kilopascals (10.9 pounds per square inch), the owner or 
    operator shall reduce regulated material emissions to the atmosphere as 
    provided in paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(4), (b)(5), (b)(6), 
    or (b)(7) of this section.
        (1) Internal floating roof (IFR). Operate and maintain a fixed roof 
    and internal floating roof meeting the requirements of Sec. 65.43.
        (2) External floating roof (EFR). Operate and maintain an external 
    floating roof meeting the requirements of Sec. 65.44.
        (3) EFR converted to IFR. Operate and maintain an external floating 
    roof converted to an internal floating roof meeting the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.45.
        (4) Closed vent system and flare. Operate and maintain a closed 
    vent system and flare as specified in Sec. 65.142(a)(1) of subpart G of 
    this part. Periods of planned routine maintenance of the flare during 
    which the flare does not meet the specifications of Sec. 65.147 of 
    subpart G of this part shall not exceed 240 hours per year. The 
    specifications and requirements in Sec. 65.147 of subpart G of this 
    part for flares do not apply during periods of planned routine 
    maintenance or during a control system malfunction. The owner or 
    operator shall report the periods of planned routine maintenance as 
    specified in Sec. 65.166(d) of subpart G of this part.
        (5) Closed vent system and control device. Operate and maintain a 
    closed vent system and control device as specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(5)(i) through (b)(5)(iv) of this section and Sec. 65.142(a)(2) of 
    subpart G of this part.
        (i) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section, the 
    control device shall be designed and operated to reduce inlet emissions 
    of regulated material by 95 percent or greater.
        (ii) For owners or operators referenced to this part from 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart G, and if the owner or operator of a storage vessel 
    can demonstrate that a control device installed on the storage vessel 
    on or before December 31, 1992 is designed to reduce inlet emissions of 
    total organic HAP by greater than or equal to 90 percent but less than 
    95 percent, then the control device is
    
    [[Page 57824]]
    
    required to be operated to reduce inlet emissions of total organic HAP 
    by 90 percent or greater.
        (iii) Periods of planned routine maintenance of the control device, 
    during which the control device does not meet the specifications of 
    paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this section, shall not exceed 240 hours per 
    year. The owner or operator shall report the periods of planned routine 
    maintenance as specified in Sec. 65.166(b) of subpart G of this part.
        (iv) The requirements in paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this section for 
    control devices do not apply during periods of planned routine 
    maintenance or during a control system malfunction.
        (6) Route to process or fuel gas system. Route the emissions to a 
    process or a fuel gas system as specified in Sec. 65.142(a)(3) of 
    subpart G of this part. Whenever the owner or operator bypasses the 
    fuel gas system or process, the owner or operator shall comply with the 
    recordkeeping requirement in Sec. 65.163(b)(3) of subpart G of this 
    part. Bypassing is permitted if the owner or operator complies with one 
    or more of the conditions specified in paragraphs (b)(6)(i) through 
    (b)(6)(iii) of this section.
        (i) The liquid level in the storage vessel is not increased;
        (ii) The emissions are routed through a closed vent system to a 
    control device complying with paragraph (b)(4) or (b)(5) of subpart C 
    of this part; or
        (iii) The total aggregate amount of time during which the emissions 
    bypass the fuel gas system or process during the calendar year without 
    being routed to a control device, for all reasons (except startups/
    shutdowns/malfunctions or product changeovers of flexible operation 
    units and periods when the storage vessel has been emptied and 
    degassed), does not exceed 240 hours.
        (7) Equivalent requirements. Comply with an equivalent to the 
    requirements in paragraph (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(4), (b)(5), or 
    (b)(6) of this section, as provided in Sec. 65.46.
        (c) For each storage vessel storing a liquid for which the maximum 
    true vapor pressure of the total regulated material in the liquid is 
    greater than or equal to 76.6 kilopascals (10.9 pounds per square 
    inch), the owner or operator shall meet the requirements in paragraph 
    (b)(4), (b)(5), or (b)(6) of this section, or equivalent as provided in 
    Sec. 65.46.
    
    
    Sec. 65.43  Fixed roof with an internal floating roof (IFR).
    
        (a) IFR design requirements. The owner or operator who elects to 
    control storage vessel regulated material emissions by using a fixed 
    roof and an internal floating roof shall comply with the design 
    requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(4) of this section.
        (1) The internal floating roof shall be designed to float on the 
    stored liquid surface except when the floating roof must be supported 
    by the leg supports.
        (2) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this section, the 
    internal floating roof shall be equipped with a closure device between 
    the wall of the storage vessel and the floating roof edge and shall 
    consist of one of the devices listed in paragraph (a)(2)(i), 
    (a)(2)(ii), or (a)(2)(iii) of this section.
        (i) A liquid-mounted seal.
        (ii) A metallic shoe seal.
        (iii) Two continuous seals mounted one above the other. The lower 
    seal may be vapor-mounted.
        (3) If the internal floating roof is equipped with a vapor-mounted 
    seal as of December 31, 1992, paragraph (a)(2) of this section does not 
    apply until the next time the storage vessel is emptied and degassed or 
    by April 22, 2004, whichever occurs first.
        (4) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(4)(viii) of this section, 
    each internal floating roof shall meet the specifications listed in 
    paragraphs (a)(4)(i) through (a)(4)(vii) of this section.
        (i) Each opening in a noncontact internal floating roof except for 
    automatic bleeder vents (vacuum breaker vents) and rim space vents is 
    to provide a projection below the stored liquid surface.
        (ii) Except for leg sleeves, automatic bleeder vents, rim space 
    vents, column wells, ladder wells, sample wells, and stub drains, each 
    opening shall be equipped with a gasketed cover or gasketed lid.
        (iii) Each penetration of the internal floating roof shall be a 
    sample well. Each sample well shall have a slit fabric cover that 
    covers at least 90 percent of the opening.
        (iv) Each automatic bleeder vent and rim space vent shall be 
    gasketed.
        (v) Each penetration of the internal floating roof that allows for 
    passage of a ladder shall have a gasketed sliding cover.
        (vi) Each penetration of the internal floating roof that allows for 
    passage of a column supporting the fixed roof shall have a flexible 
    fabric sleeve seal or a gasketed sliding cover.
        (vii) Covers on each access hatch and each gauge float well shall 
    be designed to be bolted or fastened when they are closed.
        (viii) If the internal floating roof does not meet any one of the 
    specifications listed in paragraphs (a)(4)(i) through (a)(4)(vii) of 
    this section as of December 31, 1992, the requirement for meeting those 
    specifications does not apply until the next time the storage vessel is 
    emptied and degassed or by April 22, 2004, whichever occurs first.
        (b) IFR operational requirements. The owner or operator using a 
    fixed roof and an internal floating roof shall comply with the 
    operational requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this 
    section.
        (1) The internal floating roof shall float on the stored liquid 
    surface at all times except when the floating roof must be supported by 
    the leg supports.
        (2) When the floating roof is resting on the leg supports, the 
    process of filling or refilling shall be continuous and shall be 
    accomplished as soon as practical and the owner or operator shall 
    maintain the record specified in Sec. 65.47(e).
        (3) Automatic bleeder vents are to be set to be closed at all times 
    when the roof is floating except when the roof is being floated off or 
    is being landed on the roof leg supports.
        (4) Each cover, access hatch, gauge float well, or lid on any 
    opening in the internal floating roof shall be maintained in a closed 
    position at all times (i.e., no visible gaps) except when the device is 
    in actual use. Prior to filling the storage vessel, rim space vents are 
    to be set to open only when the internal floating roof is not floating 
    or when the pressure beneath the rim seal exceeds the manufacturer's 
    recommended setting.
        (c) IFR inspection requirements. To demonstrate compliance, the 
    owner or operator shall visually inspect the internal floating roof, 
    the primary seal, and the secondary seal (if one is in service) 
    according to paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section and 
    maintain records of the IFR inspection results as specified in 
    Sec. 65.47(c)(1).
        (1) Single seal. For vessels equipped with a single-seal system, 
    the owner or operator shall perform the inspections specified in 
    paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
        (i) Visually inspect for IFR type A failures the internal floating 
    roof and the seal through manholes and roof hatches on the fixed roof 
    no less frequently than once every 12 months.
        (ii) Visually inspect for IFR type B failures the internal floating 
    roof, the seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve seals (if any) 
    each time the storage vessel is emptied, but no less frequently than 
    once every 10 years.
        (2) Double seal. For vessels equipped with two continuous seals 
    mounted one above the other, the owner or operator shall perform either 
    the inspection
    
    [[Page 57825]]
    
    required in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section or the inspections 
    required in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section.
        (i) Visually inspect for IFR type B failures the internal floating 
    roof, the primary seal, the secondary seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, 
    and sleeve seals (if any) each time the storage vessel is emptied, but 
    no less frequently than once every 5 years; or
        (ii) Visually inspect the internal floating roof and the other 
    components as specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(ii)(A) and (c)(2)(ii)(B) 
    of this section.
        (A) For IFR type A failures, inspect the secondary seal through 
    manholes and roof hatches on the fixed roof no less frequently than 
    once every 12 months; and
        (B) For IFR type B failures, inspect the primary seal, the 
    secondary seal, gaskets, slotted membranes, and sleeve seals (if any) 
    each time the vessel is emptied, but no less frequently than once every 
    10 years.
        (3) For inspections to determine if any IFR type B failures are 
    present as required by paragraphs (c)(1)(ii), (c)(2)(i), and 
    (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section, the owner or operator shall comply with 
    the refilling notification requirements specified in Sec. 65.48(c)(1).
        (4) After installing the control equipment required to comply with 
    Sec. 65.42(b)(1) or (b)(3), visually inspect the internal floating 
    roof, the primary seal, and the secondary seal (if one is in service) 
    prior to filling the storage vessel with regulated material. If there 
    are holes, tears, or other openings in the primary seal, the secondary 
    seal, or the seal fabric, or defects in the internal floating roof, the 
    owner or operator shall repair the items before filling the storage 
    vessel.
        (d) IFR repair requirements. The owner or operator shall repair any 
    observed or determined failures, according to paragraphs (d)(1) and 
    (d)(2) of this section.
        (1) If an IFR type A failure is observed, the owner or operator 
    shall repair the items or empty and remove the storage vessel from 
    service within 45 calendar days. If the failure cannot be repaired 
    within 45 calendar days or if the vessel cannot be emptied within 45 
    calendar days, the owner or operator may utilize up to two extensions 
    of up to 30 additional calendar days each and keep the records 
    specified in Sec. 65.47(d).
        (2) If an IFR type B failure is determined, the owner or operator 
    shall repair the items and comply with the refilling notification 
    requirements of Sec. 65.48(c)(1) before refilling the storage vessel 
    with regulated material.
    
    
    Sec. 65.44  External floating roof (EFR).
    
        (a) EFR design requirements. The owner or operator who elects to 
    control storage vessel regulated material emissions by using an 
    external floating roof shall comply with the design requirements listed 
    in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section.
        (1) The external floating roof shall be designed to float on the 
    stored liquid surface except when the floating roof must be supported 
    by the leg supports.
        (2) The external floating roof shall be equipped with a closure 
    device between the wall of the storage vessel and the roof edge.
        (i) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section, 
    the closure device is to consist of two continuous seals, one above the 
    other. The lower seal is referred to as the primary seal and the upper 
    seal is referred to as the secondary seal.
        (ii) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2)(iv) of this section, 
    the primary seal shall be either a metallic shoe seal or a liquid-
    mounted seal.
        (iii) If the external floating roof is equipped with a liquid-
    mounted or metallic shoe primary seal as of December 31, 1992, the 
    requirement for a secondary seal in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section 
    does not apply until the next time the storage vessel is emptied and 
    degassed or by April 22, 2004 whichever occurs first.
        (iv) If the external floating roof is equipped with a vapor-mounted 
    primary seal and a secondary seal as of December 31, 1992 the 
    requirement for a liquid-mounted or metallic shoe primary seal in 
    paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section does not apply until the next time 
    the storage vessel is emptied and degassed or by April 22, 2004, 
    whichever occurs first.
        (3) The external floating roof shall meet the specifications listed 
    in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (a)(3)(xiii) of this section.
        (i) Except for automatic bleeder vents (vacuum breaker vents) and 
    rim space vents, each opening in the noncontact external floating roof 
    shall provide a projection below the stored liquid surface except as 
    provided in paragraph (a)(3)(xiii) of this section.
        (ii) Covers on each access hatch and each gauge float well shall be 
    designed to be bolted or fastened when they are closed.
        (iii) Except for automatic bleeder vents, rim space vents, roof 
    drains, and leg sleeves, each opening shall be equipped with a gasketed 
    cover, seal, or lid.
        (iv) Automatic bleeder vents and rim space vents shall be equipped 
    with a gasket.
        (v) Each roof drain that empties into the stored liquid shall be 
    equipped with a slotted membrane fabric cover that covers at least 90 
    percent of the area of the opening.
        (vi) Each unslotted and slotted guide pole well shall be equipped 
    with a gasketed sliding cover or a flexible fabric sleeve seal.
        (vii) Except for antirotational devices equipped with a welded cap, 
    each unslotted guide pole shall be equipped with a gasketed cap on the 
    end of the pole.
        (viii) Each slotted guide pole shall be equipped with a gasketed 
    float or other device that closes off the stored liquid surface from 
    the atmosphere.
        (ix) Each gauge hatch/sample well shall be equipped with a gasketed 
    cover.
        (x) Where a metallic shoe seal is in use as the primary seal, one 
    end of the metallic shoe shall be designed to extend into the stored 
    liquid and the other end shall extend a minimum vertical distance of 61 
    centimeters (24 inches) above the stored liquid surface.
        (xi) The secondary seal shall be designed to be installed above the 
    primary seal so that it completely covers the space between the roof 
    edge and the vessel wall.
        (xii) For the primary and secondary seals, there shall be no holes, 
    tears, or other openings in the shoe, seal fabric, or seal envelope.
        (xiii) If each opening in a noncontact external floating roof 
    except for automatic bleeder vents (vacuum breaker vents) and rim space 
    vents does not provide a projection below the liquid surface as of 
    December 31, 1992 the requirement for providing these projections below 
    the liquid surface does not apply until the next time the storage 
    vessel is emptied and degassed or by April 22, 2004, whichever occurs 
    first.
        (b) EFR operational requirements. The owner or operator using an 
    external floating roof shall comply with the operational requirements 
    in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(9) of this section.
        (1) The external floating roof shall float on the stored liquid 
    surface at all times except when the floating roof must be supported by 
    the leg supports.
        (2) When the floating roof is resting on the leg supports, the 
    process of filling or refilling shall be continuous and shall be 
    accomplished as soon as practical and the owner or operator shall 
    maintain the record specified in Sec. 65.47(e).
        (3) Except for automatic bleeder vents, rim space vents, roof 
    drains, and leg sleeves, each opening shall be maintained in a closed 
    position (i.e., no
    
    [[Page 57826]]
    
    visible gap) at all times except when the device is in actual use.
        (4) Covers on each access hatch and each gauge float well shall be 
    bolted or fastened when they are closed.
        (5) Automatic bleeder vents are to be set to be closed at all times 
    when the roof is floating except when the roof is being floated off or 
    is being landed on the roof leg supports.
        (6) Rim space vents are to be set to open only when the roof is 
    being floated off the roof leg supports or when the pressure beneath 
    the rim seal exceeds the manufacturer's recommended setting.
        (7) The cap on the end of each unslotted guide pole shall be closed 
    at all times except when gauging the stored liquid level or taking 
    samples of the stored liquid.
        (8) The cover on each gauge hatch/sample well shall be closed at 
    all times except when the hatch or well must be open for access.
        (9) Except during the inspections required by paragraph (c) of this 
    section, both the primary seal and the secondary seal shall completely 
    cover the annular space between the external floating roof and the wall 
    of the storage vessel in a continuous fashion.
        (c) EFR inspection requirements. To demonstrate compliance for an 
    external floating roof vessel, the owner or operator shall use the 
    procedures in paragraphs (c)(4) through (c)(9) of this section for seal 
    gaps according to the frequency specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through 
    (c)(3) of this section and meet the requirements of (c)(10).
        (1) Measurements of gaps between the vessel wall and the primary 
    seal shall be performed no less frequently than once every 5 years and 
    at the times specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (c)(1)(ii) of this 
    section. The owner or operator shall maintain records of the EFR seal 
    gap measurements as specified in Sec. 65.47(c)(2).
        (i) During the hydrostatic testing of the vessel, by initial 
    startup, or within 90 days of the initial fill with regulated material.
        (ii) For an external floating roof vessel equipped with a liquid-
    mounted or metallic shoe primary seal and without a secondary seal as 
    provided for in paragraph (a)(2)(iii) of this section, measurements of 
    gaps between the vessel wall and the primary seal shall be performed at 
    least once per year until a secondary seal is installed. When a 
    secondary seal is installed above the primary seal, measurements of 
    gaps between the vessel wall and both the primary and secondary seals 
    shall be performed within 90 calendar days of installation of the 
    secondary seal and according to the frequency specified in paragraphs 
    (c)(1) through (c)(3) of this section thereafter.
        (2) Measurements of gaps between the vessel wall and the secondary 
    seal shall be performed no less frequently than once per year and 
    within 90 days of the initial fill with regulated material, within 90 
    days of installation of the secondary seal, or by initial startup. The 
    owner or operator shall maintain records of the EFR seal gap 
    measurements as specified in Sec. 65.47(c)(2).
        (3) If any storage vessel ceases to store regulated material for a 
    period of 1 year or more, measurements of gaps between the vessel wall 
    and the primary seal, and gaps between the vessel wall and the 
    secondary seal shall be performed within 90 days of the vessel being 
    refilled with regulated material. The owner or operator shall maintain 
    records of the EFR seal gap measurements as specified in 
    Sec. 65.47(c)(2).
        (4) If the tank contains regulated material, all primary seal 
    inspections or gap measurements that require the removal or dislodging 
    of the secondary seal shall be accomplished as soon as possible, and 
    the secondary seal shall be replaced as soon as possible.
        (5) The owner or operator shall notify the Administrator 30 days 
    before any EFR seal gap measurement as specified in Sec. 65.48(c)(2).
        (6) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, the owner 
    or operator shall determine gap widths and gap areas in the primary and 
    secondary seals (seal gaps) individually by the procedures described in 
    paragraphs (c)(6)(i) through (c)(6)(iii) of this section.
        (i) Seal gaps, if any, shall be measured at one or more floating 
    roof levels when the roof is not resting on the roof leg supports.
        (ii) Seal gaps, if any, shall be measured around the entire 
    circumference of the vessel in each place where a 0.32 centimeter (1/8 
    inch) diameter uniform probe passes freely (without forcing or binding 
    against the seal) between the seal and the wall of the storage vessel. 
    The circumferential distance of each such location shall also be 
    measured.
        (iii) The total surface area of each gap described in paragraph 
    (c)(6)(ii) of this section shall be determined by using probes of 
    various widths to measure accurately the actual distance from the 
    vessel wall to the seal and multiplying each such width by its 
    respective circumferential distance.
        (7) The owner or operator shall add the gap surface area of each 
    gap location for the primary seal and divide the sum by the nominal 
    diameter of the vessel. The owner or operator shall include the 
    calculations in the record of the seal gap measurement as specified in 
    Sec. 65.47(c)(2). For metallic shoe primary seals or liquid-mounted 
    primary seals, the accumulated area of gaps between the vessel wall and 
    the primary seal shall not exceed 212 square centimeters per meter of 
    vessel diameter (10.0 square inches per foot of vessel diameter) and 
    the width of any portion of any gap shall not exceed 3.81 centimeters 
    (1.50 inches).
        (8) The owner or operator shall add the gap surface area of each 
    gap location for the secondary seal and divide the sum by the nominal 
    diameter of the vessel. The owner or operator shall include the 
    calculations in the record of the seal gap measurement as specified in 
    Sec. 65.47(c)(2). The accumulated area of gaps between the vessel wall 
    and the secondary seal used in combination with a metallic shoe seal or 
    liquid-mounted primary seal shall not exceed 21.2 square centimeters 
    per meter of vessel diameter (1.00 square inch per foot of vessel 
    diameter) and the width of any portion of any gap shall not exceed 1.27 
    centimeters (0.50 inch). The secondary seal gap requirements may be 
    exceeded during the measurement of primary seal gaps as required by 
    paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
        (9) If the owner or operator determines that it is unsafe to 
    perform the seal gap measurements or to inspect the vessel to determine 
    compliance because the floating roof appears to be structurally unsound 
    and poses an imminent or potential danger to inspecting personnel, the 
    owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in either 
    paragraph (c)(9)(i) or (c)(9)(ii) of this section.
        (i) The owner or operator shall measure the seal gaps or inspect 
    the storage vessel no later than 30 calendar days after the 
    determination that the roof is unsafe; or
        (ii) The owner or operator shall empty and remove the storage 
    vessel from service no later than 45 calendar days after determining 
    that the roof is unsafe. If the vessel cannot be emptied within 45 
    calendar days, the owner or operator may utilize up to two extensions 
    of up to 30 additional calendar days each and comply with the 
    recordkeeping requirements in Sec. 65.47(d).
        (10) The owner or operator shall visually inspect for EFR failures 
    of the external floating roof, the primary seal, secondary seal, and 
    fittings prior to initial filling and each time the vessel is emptied 
    (including initially before the vessel is filled with regulated 
    material), shall maintain records of the EFR
    
    [[Page 57827]]
    
    inspection results as specified in Sec. 65.47(c)(1), and shall comply 
    with the refilling notification requirements specified in 
    Sec. 65.48(c)(1).
        (d) EFR repair requirements. (1) The owner or operator shall repair 
    conditions that do not meet seal gap specifications listed in 
    paragraphs (c)(7) and (c)(8) of this section or any EFR failure 
    observed by the inspection required by paragraph (c)(10) of this 
    section no later than 45 calendar days after identification, or shall 
    empty and remove the storage vessel from service no later than 45 
    calendar days after identification. If the vessel cannot be repaired or 
    emptied within 45 calendar days, the owner or operator may utilize up 
    to two extensions of up to 30 additional calendar days each and comply 
    with the recordkeeping requirements in Sec. 65.47(d).
        (2) If an EFR failure is observed by the inspection required by 
    paragraph (c)(10) of this section, the owner or operator shall repair 
    the items as necessary so that none of the conditions specified in that 
    paragraph exist before filling or refilling the storage vessel with 
    regulated material.
    
    
    Sec. 65.45  External floating roof converted into an internal floating 
    roof.
    
        The owner or operator who elects to control storage vessel 
    regulated material emissions by using an external floating roof 
    converted into an internal floating roof shall comply with the internal 
    floating roof requirements of Sec. 65.43 except Sec. 65.43(a)(3), 
    (b)(2), and (b)(3) and the external floating roof deck fitting 
    requirements of Sec. 65.44 except Sec. 65.44(a)(1), (a)(2), (b)(1), 
    (b)(8), (b)(9), (c), and (d), including the recordkeeping and reporting 
    provisions referenced therein.
    
    
    Sec. 65.46  Alternative means of emission limitation.
    
        Any person seeking permission to use an alternative means of 
    compliance under this section shall use the procedures of Sec. 65.8 of 
    subpart A of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.47  Recordkeeping provisions.
    
        (a) Retention time. Each owner or operator of a storage vessel 
    subject to this subpart shall meet the requirements of Sec. 65.4 of 
    subpart A of this part, except the record specified in paragraph (b) of 
    this section shall be kept as long as the storage vessel is in 
    operation.
        (b) Vessel dimensions and capacity. Each owner or operator of a 
    storage vessel subject to this subpart shall keep readily accessible 
    records showing the dimensions of the storage vessel and an analysis of 
    the capacity of the storage vessel.
        (c) Inspection results. The owner or operator shall keep the 
    following records as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this 
    section.
        (1) For each IFR or EFR inspection required by Sec. 65.43(c)(1) and 
    (c)(2) or Sec. 65.44(c)(10), respectively, a record containing the 
    information listed in paragraph (c)(1)(i) or (c)(1)(ii) of this 
    section, as appropriate.
        (i) In the event that no IFR type A failure, IFR type B failure, or 
    EFR failure is observed, a record showing that the inspection was 
    performed. The record shall identify the storage vessel on which the 
    inspection was performed, the date the storage vessel was inspected, 
    and references indicating which items were inspected.
        (ii) In the event that an IFR type A failure, IFR type B failure, 
    or EFR failure is observed, a record that identifies the storage vessel 
    on which the inspection was performed, the date the storage vessel was 
    inspected, a description of the failure and of the repair made, the 
    date the vessel was emptied (if applicable), and the date that the 
    repair was made. As specified in Sec. 65.48(b)(1), the owner or 
    operator shall include this record in the periodic report.
        (2) For each EFR seal gap measurement required by Sec. 65.44(c)(1), 
    (c)(2) or (c)(3), a record describing the results of the measurement. 
    The record shall identify the vessel on which the measurement was 
    performed, shall include the date of the measurement, the raw data 
    obtained in the measurement, and the calculations described in 
    Sec. 65.44(c)(7) and (c)(8), and shall meet any additional requirements 
    in paragraph (c)(2)(i) or (c)(2)(ii) of this section, as appropriate.
        (i) In the event that the seal gap measurements do conform to the 
    specifications in Sec. 65.44(c)(7) and (c)(8), the owner or operator 
    shall submit the information specified in Sec. 65.48(b)(2)(i) in the 
    periodic report.
        (ii) In the event that the seal gap measurements do not conform to 
    the specifications in Sec. 65.44(c)(7) and (c)(8), the owner or 
    operator shall also keep a description of the repairs that were made, 
    the date the repairs were made, and the date the storage vessel was 
    emptied and shall include a report of the seal gap measurement results 
    in the periodic report as specified in Sec. 65.48(b)(2)(ii).
        (d) Emptying and repairing extension. The owner or operator who 
    elects to utilize an extension in emptying a storage vessel for 
    purposes of repair shall prepare by the initiation of the extension the 
    documentation as specified in paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this 
    section, as appropriate, of the decision to utilize an extension.
        (1) For an extension pursuant to Sec. 65.43(d)(1) or 
    Sec. 65.44(d)(1), a description of the failure, documentation that 
    alternative storage capacity is unavailable, and a schedule of actions 
    that will ensure that the control equipment will be repaired or the 
    vessel will be emptied as soon as practical. As specified in 
    Sec. 65.48(b)(1)(i), the owner or operator shall include this 
    information in the periodic report.
        (2) For an extension pursuant to Sec. 65.44(c)(9), an explanation 
    of why it was unsafe to perform the inspection or seal gap measurement, 
    documentation that alternate storage capacity is unavailable, and a 
    schedule of actions that will ensure that the vessel will be emptied as 
    soon as practical. As specified in Sec. 65.48(b)(3), the owner or 
    operator shall include this information in the periodic report.
        (e) Floating roof set on its legs. The owner or operator shall 
    maintain a record for each storage vessel subject to Secs. 65.43(b)(2) 
    and 65.44(b)(2) identifying the date when the floating roof was set on 
    its legs and the date when the roof was refloated. The record shall 
    also indicate whether this was a continuous operation.
    
    
    Sec. 65.48  Reporting provisions.
    
        (a) Notification of initial startup. If Sec. 65.5(b) of subpart A 
    of this part requires that a notification of initial startup be filed, 
    then the content of the notification of initial startup shall at least 
    include the information specified in Sec. 65.5(b) of subpart A of this 
    part and the identification of each storage vessel, its capacity, and 
    the types of regulated material stored in the storage vessel.
        (b) Periodic reports. Report the information specified in 
    paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section, as applicable, in the 
    periodic report specified in Sec. 65.5(e) of subpart A of this part.
        (1) Inspection results. Report the information specified in 
    paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (b)(1)(ii) of this section for each inspection 
    conducted in accordance with Secs. 65.43(c) and 65.44(c) in which an 
    IFR or EFR failure is detected in the control equipment.
        (i) If an IFR type A failure or an EFR failure is observed for 
    vessels for which inspections are required under Sec. 65.43(c)(1)(i), 
    Sec. 65.43(c)(2)(ii)(A), or Sec. 65.44(c)(10), each report shall 
    include a copy of the inspection results record listed in 
    Sec. 65.47(c)(1)(ii). If an extension is utilized in accordance with 
    Sec. 65.43(d)(1) or Sec. 65.44(d)(1), the report shall include the copy 
    of the records listed in Sec. 65.47(c)(1)(ii) plus the
    
    [[Page 57828]]
    
    documentation specified in Sec. 65.47(d)(1).
        (ii) If an IFR type B failure is observed for vessels for which 
    inspections are required under Sec. 65.43(c)(1)(ii), (c)(2)(i), or 
    (c)(2)(ii)(B), each report shall include a copy of the records listed 
    in Sec. 65.47(c)(1)(ii).
        (2) Seal gap measurements results. (i) For each vessel whose seal 
    gaps are measured during the reporting period, identify each seal gap 
    measurement made in accordance with Sec. 65.44(c) in which the 
    requirements of Sec. 65.44(c)(7) or (c)(8) are met.
        (ii) For each seal gap measurement made in accordance with 
    Sec. 65.44(c) in which the requirements of Sec. 65.44(c)(7) or (c)(8) 
    are not met, from the records kept pursuant to Sec. 65.47(c)(2) report 
    the date of the measurements, results of the calculations, and note 
    which seal gap measurements did not conform to the specifications in 
    Sec. 65.44(c)(7) and (c)(8).
        (3) Extension documentation. If an extension is utilized in 
    accordance with Sec. 65.44(c)(9), the owner or operator shall include 
    the documentation specified in Sec. 65.47(d)(2) in the next report 
    required by Sec. 65.5(e) of subpart A of this part.
        (c) Special notifications. An owner or operator who elects to 
    comply with Sec. 65.43, Sec. 65.44, or Sec. 65.45 shall submit, as 
    applicable, the reports specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of 
    this section except as specified in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. 
    Each written notification or report shall also include the information 
    specified in Sec. 65.5(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (1) Refilling notification. In order to afford the Administrator 
    the opportunity to have an observer present, notify the Administrator 
    prior to refilling of a storage vessel that has been emptied. If the 
    storage vessel is equipped with an internal floating roof as specified 
    in Sec. 65.43, an external floating roof as specified in Sec. 65.44, or 
    an external floating roof converted to an internal floating roof as 
    specified in Sec. 65.45, the notification shall meet the requirements 
    of either paragraph (c)(1)(i) or (c)(1)(ii) of this section, as 
    applicable.
        (i) Notify the Administrator in writing at least 30 calendar days 
    prior to the refilling of each storage vessel; or
        (ii) If the inspection is not planned and the owner or operator 
    could not have known about the inspection 30 calendar days in advance 
    of refilling the vessel, the owner or operator shall notify the 
    Administrator as soon as practical, but no later than 7 calendar days 
    prior to the refilling of the storage vessel. Notification may be made 
    by telephone and immediately followed by written documentation 
    demonstrating why the inspection was unplanned. Alternatively, the 
    notification including the written documentation may be made in writing 
    and sent so that it is received by the Administrator at least 7 
    calendar days prior to refilling.
        (2) Seal gap measurement notification. In order to afford the 
    Administrator the opportunity to have an observer present, the owner or 
    operator of a storage vessel equipped with an external floating roof as 
    specified in Sec. 65.44 shall notify the Administrator in writing 30 
    calendar days in advance of any seal gap measurements.
        (3) Notification waiver. Where a notification required by paragraph 
    (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section is sent to a delegated State or local 
    agency, a copy of the notification to the Administrator is not 
    required. A delegated State or local agency may waive the requirements 
    for these notifications.
        (d) Compliance certification. For sources subject to the compliance 
    certification provisions of title V, a recertification of continuous 
    compliance with Secs. 65.43(b)(1) and 65.44(b)(1) shall be based on the 
    annual inspections required by Sec. 65.43(c)(1)(i) and (c)(2)(ii)(A) 
    and at other times when the roof is viewed.
    
    
    Secs. 65.49-65.59  [Reserved]
    
    Subpart D--Process Vents
    
    
    Sec. 65.60  Applicability.
    
        The provisions of this subpart and of subpart A of this part apply 
    to control of regulated material emissions from process vents where a 
    referencing subpart references the use of this subpart for such 
    emissions control.
    
    
    Sec. 65.61  Definitions.
    
        All terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning given them in 
    the Act and in subpart A of this part. If a term is defined in both 
    subpart A of this part and in other subparts that reference the use of 
    this subpart, the term shall have the meaning given in subpart A of 
    this part for purposes of this subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.62  Process vent group determination.
    
        (a) Group status. The owner or operator of a process vent shall 
    determine the group status (i.e., Group 1, Group 2A, or Group 2B) for 
    each process vent. Group 1 process vents require control, and Group 2A 
    and 2B process vents do not. Group 2A process vents require parameter 
    monitoring, and Group 2B process vents do not. The owner or operator 
    shall report the group status of each process vent as specified in 
    Sec. 65.5(c)(2) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Group 1. A process vent is considered Group 1 if it meets at 
    least one of the specifications listed in paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of 
    this section.
        (1) The owner or operator designates the process vent as Group 1.
        (2) At representative conditions for the process vent, the TRE 
    index value is less than or equal to 1.0, the flow rate is greater than 
    or equal to 0.011 standard cubic meter per minute (0.40 standard cubic 
    foot per minute), and the concentration is greater than or equal to the 
    applicable table 1 criterion. Procedures for determining the TRE index 
    value, flow rate, and concentration are specified in Sec. 65.64.
        (c) Group 2A. A process vent is considered Group 2A if, at 
    representative conditions, it has a TRE index value of greater than 1.0 
    and less than or equal to 4.0, a flow rate of greater than or equal to 
    0.011 standard cubic meter per minute (0.40 standard cubic foot per 
    minute), and a concentration greater than or equal to the applicable 
    table 1 criterion. Procedures for determining the TRE index value, flow 
    rate, and concentration are specified in Sec. 65.64.
        (d) Group 2B. A process vent is considered Group 2B if, at 
    representative conditions, it has a TRE index value of greater than 
    4.0; or a flow rate of less than 0.011 standard cubic meter per minute 
    (0.40 standard cubic foot per minute); or a concentration less than the 
    applicable table 1 criterion. Procedures for determining the TRE index 
    value, flow rate, and concentration are specified in Sec. 65.64.
    
    
    Sec. 65.63  Performance and group status change requirements.
    
        (a) Group 1 performance requirements. Except for the additional 
    requirement for halogenated vent streams as provided in paragraph (b) 
    of this section, the owner or operator of a Group 1 process vent shall 
    comply with the requirements of either paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or 
    (a)(3) of this section.
        (1) Flare. Reduce emissions of regulated material using a flare 
    meeting the applicable requirements of Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G of 
    this part.
        (2) 98 percent or 20 parts per million by volume standard. Reduce 
    emissions of regulated material or TOC by at least 98 weight-percent or 
    to a concentration of less than 20 parts per million by volume, 
    whichever is less stringent. For combustion devices, the emission 
    reduction or concentration shall be calculated on a dry basis, and 
    corrected to 3 percent oxygen. The owner or operator shall meet the 
    requirements in Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G of this part and
    
    [[Page 57829]]
    
    paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and/or (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
        (i) Compliance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section may be 
    achieved by using any combination of combustion, recovery, and/or 
    recapture devices except that a recovery device may not be used to 
    comply with paragraph (a)(2) of this section by reducing emissions of 
    total regulated material by 98 weight-percent, except as provided in 
    paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
        (ii) An owner or operator may use a recovery device alone or in 
    combination with one or more combustion or recapture devices to reduce 
    emissions of total regulated material by 98 weight-percent if all the 
    conditions of paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(A) through (a)(2)(ii)(C) of this 
    section are met.
        (A) For process vents referenced to this part by 40 CFR part 63, 
    subpart G, the recovery device (and any combustion device or recapture 
    device that operates in combination with the recovery device to reduce 
    emissions of total regulated material by 98 weight-percent) was 
    installed before December 31, 1992.
        (B) The recovery device that will be used to reduce emissions of 
    total regulated material by 98 weight-percent is the last recovery 
    device before emission to the atmosphere.
        (C) The recovery device alone or in combination with one or more 
    combustion or recapture devices is capable of reducing emissions of 
    total regulated material by 98 weight-percent but is not capable of 
    reliably reducing emissions of total regulated material to a 
    concentration of 20 parts per million by volume.
        (D) If the owner or operator disposed of the recovered material, 
    the recovery device would be considered a recapture device and comply 
    with the requirements of this subpart and Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G 
    for control devices.
        (3) TRE index value. Achieve and maintain a TRE index value greater 
    than 1.0 at the outlet of the final recovery device, or prior to 
    release from the process vent to the atmosphere if no recovery device 
    is present. If the TRE index value is greater than 1.0, the process 
    vent shall meet the provisions for a Group 2A or 2B process vent 
    specified in either paragraph (c), (d), (e), or (f) of this section, 
    whichever is applicable.
        (b) Halogenated Group 1 performance requirement. Halogenated Group 
    1 process vents that are combusted shall be controlled according to 
    paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section. Determination of whether a 
    vent stream is halogenated shall be made using the procedures specified 
    in Sec. 65.64(g) and the halogen concentration in the vent stream shall 
    be recorded and reported in the Initial Compliance Status Report as 
    specified in Sec. 65.160(d) of subpart G of this part.
        (1) Halogen reduction device following combustion. If a combustion 
    device is used to comply with paragraph (a)(2) of this section for a 
    halogenated process vent, then the process vent exiting the combustion 
    device shall be ducted to a halogen reduction device including, but not 
    limited to, a scrubber before it is discharged to the atmosphere and 
    the halogen reduction device shall meet the requirements of paragraph 
    (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section, as applicable. The halogenated 
    process vent shall not be combusted using a flare.
        (i) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section, the 
    halogen reduction device shall reduce overall emissions of hydrogen 
    halides and halogens by 99 percent or shall reduce the outlet mass of 
    total hydrogen halides and halogens to less than 0.45 kilogram per hour 
    (0.99 pound per hour), whichever is less stringent. The owner or 
    operator shall meet the requirements in Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G of 
    this part.
        (ii) If a scrubber or other halogen reduction device was installed 
    prior to December 31, 1992, the device shall reduce overall emissions 
    of hydrogen halides and halogens by 95 percent or shall reduce the 
    outlet mass of total hydrogen halides and halogens to less than 0.45 
    kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour), whichever is less stringent. 
    The owner or operator shall meet the requirements in Sec. 65.142(b) of 
    subpart G of this part.
        (2) Halogen reduction device prior to combustion. A halogen 
    reduction device, such as a scrubber, or other technique may be used to 
    reduce the process vent halogen atom mass emission rate to less than 
    0.45 kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour) prior to any combustion 
    control device and thus make the process vent nonhalogenated; the 
    process vent must comply with the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) or 
    (a)(2) of this section. The halogen atom mass emission rate prior to 
    the combustor shall be determined according to the procedures in 
    Sec. 65.64(g). The owner or operator shall meet the requirements in 
    Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G of this part.
        (c) Performance requirements for group 2A process vents with 
    recovery devices. For Group 2A process vents, where the owner or 
    operator is using a recovery device to maintain a TRE index value 
    greater than 1.0, the owner or operator shall maintain a TRE index 
    value greater than 1.0 and comply with the requirements for recovery 
    devices in Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G of this part.
        (d) Performance requirements for group 2A process vents without 
    recovery devices. For Group 2A process vents where the owner or 
    operator is not using a recovery device to maintain a TRE index value 
    greater than 1.0, determine the appropriate parameters to be monitored 
    and submit the information as specified in paragraphs (d)(1), (d)(2), 
    and (d)(3) of this section. Such information shall be submitted for 
    approval to the Administrator as part of a title V permit application 
    or by separate notice. The owner or operator shall monitor as specified 
    in Sec. 65.65(a), maintain the record specified in Sec. 65.66(e), and 
    submit reports as specified in Sec. 65.67(c).
        (1) Parameter monitoring. A description of the parameter(s) to be 
    monitored to ensure the owner or operator of a process vent achieves 
    and maintains the TRE above 1.0. and an explanation of the criteria 
    used to select the parameter(s).
        (2) Demonstration methods and procedures. A description of the 
    methods and procedures that will be used to demonstrate that the 
    parameter indicates proper operation of the process, the schedule for 
    this demonstration, and a statement that the owner or operator will 
    establish a range for the monitored parameter as part of the Initial 
    Compliance Status Report required in Sec. 65.5(d) of subpart A of this 
    part, unless this information has already been included in the 
    operating permit application.
        (3) Monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting frequency. The 
    frequency and content of monitoring, recording, and reporting if 
    monitoring and recordkeeping are not continuous, or if reports of daily 
    average values when the monitored parameter value is outside the range 
    established in the operating permit or Initial Compliance Status Report 
    will not be included in periodic reports required under Sec. 65.5(e) of 
    subpart A of this part. The rationale for the proposed monitoring, 
    recording, and reporting system shall be included.
        (e) Group 2B performance requirements. For Group 2B process vents, 
    the owner or operator shall maintain a TRE index greater than 4.0, a 
    flow rate less than 0.011 scmm, or a concentration less than the 
    applicable criteria in table 1 of this subpart.
        (f) Group 2A or 2B process change requirements. Whenever process 
    changes are made that could reasonably be expected to change a Group 2A 
    or 2B process vent to a Group 1 vent, the owner or operator shall 
    recalculate the TRE index value, flow, or TOC or
    
    [[Page 57830]]
    
    organic hazardous air pollutant (HAP) concentration according to 
    paragraph (f)(1), (f)(2), or (f)(3) of this section as specified for 
    each process vent as necessary to determine whether the process vent is 
    Group 1, Group 2A, or Group 2B and shall maintain the applicable 
    records specified in Sec. 65.66(d). Examples of process changes 
    include, but are not limited to, changes in production capacity, 
    production rate, feedstock type, or catalyst type, or whenever there is 
    replacement, removal, or addition of recovery equipment. For purposes 
    of paragraph (f) of this section, process changes do not include 
    process upsets; unintentional, temporary process changes; and changes 
    that are within the range on which the original TRE index value 
    calculation was based.
        (1) Flow rate. The flow rate shall be determined as specified in 
    the sampling site and flow rate determination procedures in Sec. 65.64 
    (b) and (d) or by using best engineering assessment of the effects of 
    the change. Engineering assessments shall meet the specifications in 
    Sec. 65.64(i);
        (2) Concentration. The TOC or organic HAP concentration shall be 
    determined as specified in Sec. 65.64 (b) and (c) or by using best 
    engineering assessment of the effects of the change. Engineering 
    assessments shall meet the specifications in Sec. 65.64(i); or
        (3) TRE index value. The TRE index value shall be recalculated 
    based on measurements of process vent flow rate, TOC, and/or organic 
    HAP concentrations, and heating values as specified in Sec. 65.64 (b), 
    (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h) as applicable, or based on best 
    engineering assessment of the effects of the change. Engineering 
    assessments shall meet the specifications in Sec. 65.64(i).
        (4) Group status change to Group 1. Where the process change causes 
    the group status to change to Group 1, the owner or operator shall 
    comply with the Group 1 process vent provisions in paragraph (a) of 
    this section and, if they apply, the halogenated Group 1 process vent 
    provisions in paragraph (b) of this section upon initial startup unless 
    the owner or operator demonstrates to the Administrator that achieving 
    compliance will take longer than making the process change. If this 
    demonstration is made to the Administrator's satisfaction, the owner or 
    operator shall comply as expeditiously as practical, but in no event 
    later than 3 years after the emission point becomes Group 1, and shall 
    follow the procedures in paragraphs (f)(4)(i) through (f)(4)(iii) of 
    this section to establish a compliance date.
        (i) The owner or operator shall submit to the Administrator for 
    approval a compliance schedule, along with a justification for the 
    schedule.
        (ii) The compliance schedule shall be submitted with the operating 
    permit application or amendment or by other appropriate means.
        (iii) The Administrator shall approve the compliance schedule or 
    request changes within 120 calendar days of receipt of the compliance 
    schedule and justification.
        (5) Group status change to Group 2A. Whenever a process change 
    causes the process vent group status to change to Group 2A, the owner 
    or operator shall comply with the provisions of paragraph (c) or (d) of 
    this section upon completion of the group status determination of the 
    process vent. The owner or operator shall perform the group status 
    determination as soon as practical after the process change and within 
    180 days after the process change.
        (6) Group status change to Group 2B. Whenever a process change 
    causes the process vent group status to change to Group 2B, the owner 
    or operator shall comply with the provisions of paragraph (e) of this 
    section as soon as practical after the process change.
    
    
    Sec. 65.64  Group determination procedures.
    
        (a) General. The provisions of this section provide calculation and 
    measurement methods for parameters that are used to determine group 
    status.
        (b)(1) Sampling site. For purposes of determining total organic TOC 
    or HAP concentration, process vent volumetric flow rate, heating value, 
    or TRE index value as specified under paragraph (c), (d), (e), (f), or 
    (h) of this section, the sampling site shall be located after the last 
    recovery device (if any recovery devices are present) but prior to the 
    inlet of any control device that is present, and prior to release to 
    the atmosphere.
        (2) Sampling site when a halogen reduction device is used prior to 
    a combustion device. An owner or operator using a scrubber or other 
    halogen reduction device to reduce the process vent halogen atom mass 
    emission rate to less than 0.45 kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour) 
    prior to a combustion control device in compliance with 
    Sec. 65.63(b)(2) shall determine the halogen atom mass emission rate 
    prior to the combustor according to the procedures in paragraph (g) of 
    this section.
        (3) Sampling Site Selection Method. Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 
    60, appendix A, as appropriate, shall be used for selection of the 
    sampling site. No traverse site selection method is needed for process 
    vents smaller than 0.10 meter (4 inches) in nominal inside diameter.
        (c) TOC or HAP concentration. The TOC or HAP concentrations used 
    for TRE index value calculations in paragraph (h) of this section shall 
    be determined based on paragraph (c)(1) of this section, or any other 
    method or data that have been validated according to the protocol in 
    Method 301 of appendix A of part 63. For concentrations needed for 
    comparison with the appropriate concentration in table 1 of this 
    subpart, TOC or HAP concentration shall be determined based on 
    paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), or (i) of this section or any other method or 
    data that have been validated according to the protocol in Method 301 
    of appendix A of part 63. The owner or operator shall record the TOC or 
    HAP concentration as specified in Sec. 65.66(c).
        (1) Method 18. The procedures specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and 
    (c)(1)(ii) of this section shall be used to calculate parts per million 
    by volume concentration using Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
        (i) The minimum sampling time for each run shall be 1 hour in which 
    either an integrated sample or four grab samples shall be taken. If 
    grab sampling is used, then the samples shall be taken at approximately 
    equal intervals in time, such as 15-minute intervals during the run.
        (ii) The concentration of either TOC (minus methane and ethane) or 
    organic HAP emissions shall be calculated according to paragraph 
    (c)(1)(ii)(A) or (c)(1)(ii)(B) of this section, as applicable.
        (A) The TOC concentration (CTOC) is the sum of the 
    concentrations of the individual components and shall be computed for 
    each run using the following equation:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.003
    
    Where:
    
    CTOC=Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane), dry 
    basis, parts per million by volume.
    x=Number of samples in the sample run.
    n=Number of components in the sample.
    Cji=Concentration of sample component j of the sample i, dry 
    basis, parts per million by volume.
    
        (B) The total organic HAP concentration (CHAP) shall be computed 
    according to the equation in paragraph (c)(1)(ii)(A) of this section
    
    [[Page 57831]]
    
    except that only the organic HAP species shall be summed.
        (2) Method 25A. The procedures specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) 
    through (c)(2)(vi) of this section shall be used to calculate parts per 
    million by volume concentration using Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, 
    appendix A.
        (i) Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, shall be used only if 
    a single organic compound of regulated material is greater than 50 
    percent of total organic HAP or TOC, by volume, in the process vent.
        (ii) The process vent composition may be determined by either 
    process knowledge, test data collected using an appropriate EPA method, 
    or a method or data validated according to the protocol in Method 301 
    of appendix A of part 63. Examples of information that could constitute 
    process knowledge include calculations based on material balances, 
    process stoichiometry, or previous test results provided the results 
    are still relevant to the current process vent conditions.
        (iii) The organic compound used as the calibration gas for method 
    25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, shall be the single organic compound 
    of regulated material present at greater than 50 percent of the total 
    organic HAP or TOC by volume.
        (iv) The span value for Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A 
    shall be equal to the appropriate concentration value in table 1 of 
    this subpart.
        (v) Use of Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, is acceptable 
    if the response from the high-level calibration gas is at least 20 
    times the standard deviation of the response from the zero calibration 
    gas when the instrument is zeroed on the most sensitive scale.
        (vi) The owner or operator shall demonstrate that the concentration 
    of TOC including methane and ethane measured by Method 25A of 40 CFR 
    part 60 of this subpart, appendix A is below one-half the appropriate 
    value in table 1 to be considered a Group 2B vent with an organic HAP 
    or TOC concentration below the appropriate value in table 1 of this 
    subpart.
        (d) Volumetric flow rate. The process vent volumetric flow rate 
    (QS) in standard cubic meters per minute at 20  deg.C (68 F) shall be 
    determined as specified in paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this section 
    and shall be recorded as specified in Sec. 65.66(b).
        (1) Use Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as 
    appropriate. If the process vent tested passes through a final steam 
    jet ejector and is not condensed, the stream volumetric flow shall be 
    corrected to 2.3 percent moisture; or
        (2) The engineering assessment procedures in paragraph (i) of this 
    section can be used for determining volumetric flow rates.
        (e) Heating value. The net heating value shall be determined as 
    specified in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section or by using 
    the engineering assessment procedures in paragraph (i) of this section.
        (1) The net heating value of the process vent shall be calculated 
    using the following equation:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.004
    
    Where:
    
    HT=Net heating value of the sample, megajoule per 
    standard cubic meter, where the net enthalpy per mole of process 
    vent is based on combustion at 25  deg.C and 760 millimeters of 
    mercury, but the standard temperature for determining the volume 
    corresponding to 1 mole is 20  deg.C as in the definition of 
    Qs (process vent volumetric flow rate).
    K1=Constant, 1.740  x  10-7 parts per 
    million)-1 (gram-mole per standard cubic meter) 
    (megajoule per kilocalorie), where standard temperature for (gram-
    mole per standard cubic meter) is 20  deg.C.
    n=Number of components in the sample.
    Dj=Concentration on a wet basis of compound j in parts 
    per million as measured by procedures indicated in paragraph (e)(2) 
    of this section. For process vents that pass through a final steam 
    jet and are not condensed, the moisture is assumed to be 2.3 percent 
    by volume.
    Hj=Net heat of combustion of compound j, kilocalorie per 
    gram-mole, based on combustion at 25  deg.C and 760 millimeters of 
    mercury. The heat of combustion of process vent components shall be 
    determined using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) 
    D2382-76 incorporated by reference as specified in Sec. 65.13 if 
    published values are not available or cannot be calculated.
    
        (2) The molar composition of the process vent (Dj) shall be 
    determined using the methods specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(i) through 
    (e)(2)(iii) of this section:
        (i) Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to measure the 
    concentration of each organic compound.
        (ii) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D1946-77 
    incorporated by reference as specified in Sec. 65.13 to measure the 
    concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
        (iii) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, to measure the 
    moisture content of the stack gas.
        (f) TOC or HAP emission rate. The emission rate of TOC (minus 
    methane and ethane) (ETOC) and/or the emission rate of total 
    organic HAP (EHAP) in the process vent as required by the 
    TRE index value equation specified in paragraph (h) of this section, 
    shall be calculated using the following equation:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.005
    
    Where:
    
    E=Emission rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) (ETOC) 
    or emission rate of total organic HAP (EHAP) in the 
    sample, kilograms per hour.
    K2=Constant, 2.494 x 10-6 (parts per 
    million)
    
    
    
    
    1 (gram-mole per standard cubic meter) (kilogram per gram) (minutes per 
    hour), where standard temperature for (gram-mole per standard cubic 
    meter) is 20  deg.C.
    n=Number of components in the sample.
    Cj=Concentration on a dry basis of organic compound j in 
    parts per million as measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, 
    appendix A, as indicated in paragraph (c) of this section. If the 
    TOC emission rate is being calculated, Cj includes all 
    organic compounds measured minus methane and ethane; if the total 
    organic HAP emission rate is being calculated, only organic HAP 
    compounds are included.
    Mj=Molecular weight of organic compound j, gram/gram-
    mole.
    Qs=Process vent flow rate, dry standard cubic meter per 
    minute, at a temperature of 20  deg.C.
    
        (g) Halogenated vent determination. In order to determine whether a 
    process vent is halogenated, the mass emission rate of halogen atoms 
    contained in organic compounds shall be calculated according to the 
    procedures specified in paragraphs (g)(1) and (g)(2) of this section. A 
    process vent is considered halogenated if the mass emission rate of 
    halogen atoms contained in the organic compounds is equal to or greater 
    than 0.45 kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour).
        (1) The process vent concentration of each organic compound 
    containing halogen atoms (parts per million by volume, by compound) 
    shall be determined based on one of the procedures specified in 
    paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (g)(1)(iv) of this section:
        (i) Process knowledge that no halogen or hydrogen halides are 
    present in the process vent; or
        (ii) Applicable engineering assessment as discussed in paragraph 
    (i)(3) of this section; or
        (iii) Concentration of organic compounds containing halogens 
    measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A; or
        (iv) Any other method or data that have been validated according to 
    the
    
    [[Page 57832]]
    
    applicable procedures in Method 301 of appendix A of this part.
        (2) The following equation shall be used to calculate the mass 
    emission rate of halogen atoms:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.006
    
    Where:
    E=Mass of halogen atoms, dry basis, kilogram per hour.
    K2=Constant, 2.494  x  10-6 (parts per 
    million)-1 (kilogram-mole per standard cubic meter) 
    (minute per hour), where standard temperature is 20  deg.C.
    Q=Flow rate of gas stream, dry standard cubic meters per minute, 
    determined according to paragraph (d) or (i) of this section.
    n=Number of halogenated compounds j in the gas stream.
    j=Halogenated compound j in the gas stream.
    m=Number of different halogens i in each compound j of the gas 
    stream.
    i=Halogen atom i in compound j of the gas stream.
    Cj=Concentration of halogenated compound j in the gas 
    stream, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
    Lji=Number of atoms of halogen i in compound j of the gas 
    stream.
    Mji=Molecular weight of halogen atom i in compound j of 
    the gas stream, kilogram per kilogram-mole.
    
        (h) TRE index value. The owner or operator shall calculate the TRE 
    index value of the process vent using the equations and procedures 
    specified in paragraphs (h)(1) through (h)(3) of this section, as 
    applicable, and shall maintain the records specified in Sec. 65.66(a) 
    or Sec. 65.66(d)(4), as applicable.
        (1) TRE index value equation. The equation for calculating the TRE 
    index is as follows:
    
    TRE=A * [B + C + D + E + F]   (64-5)
    
    where:
    
    TRE=TRE index value.
    A, B, C, D, E, and F=Parameters presented in tables 2 and 3 of this 
    subpart that include the following variables:
    Q=Process vent flow rate, standard cubic meters per minute, at a 
    standard temperature of 20  deg.C, as calculated according to 
    paragraph (d) or (i) of this section.
    H=Process vent net heating value, megajoules per standard cubic 
    meter, as calculated according to paragraph (e) or (i) of this 
    section.
    ETOC=Emission rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane), 
    kilograms per hour, as calculated according to paragraph (f) or (i) 
    of this section.
    EHAP=Emission rate of total organic HAP, kilograms per 
    hour, as calculated according to paragraph (f) or (i) of this 
    section.
    
        (2) Nonhalogenated process vents. The owner or operator of a 
    nonhalogenated process vent shall calculate the TRE index value based 
    on either paragraph (h)(2)(i) or (h)(2)(ii) of this section, as 
    applicable.
        (i) TRE calculations: Part 60 regulated sources. Use the parameters 
    in table 2 of this subpart and calculate the TRE index value twice, 
    once using the appropriate equation (depending on the heating value and 
    flow rate of the process vent) in equations 15 through 30 and once 
    using the appropriate equation (depending on the heating value of the 
    process vent) in equations 31 and 32. Select the lowest TRE index 
    value.
        (ii) TRE calculations: Part 63 regulated sources. Use the equation 
    and parameters in table 3 of this subpart and calculate the TRE index 
    value using equations 34, 35, and 36 for process vents at existing 
    sources; or equations 38, 39, and 40 for process vents at new sources. 
    Select the lowest TRE index value.
        (3) Halogenated process vents. The owner or operator of a 
    halogenated process vent stream as determined according to procedures 
    specified in paragraph (g) of this section shall calculate the TRE 
    index value based on either paragraph (h)(3)(i) or (h)(3)(ii) of this 
    section, as applicable.
        (i) TRE Calculations: Part 60 regulated sources. Use the parameters 
    in table 2 of this subpart and calculate the TRE index value using the 
    appropriate equation chosen from equations 1 through 14 depending on 
    the heating value and flow rate of the process vent.
        (ii) TRE calculations: Part 63 regulated sources. Use the 
    appropriate parameters in table 3 of this subpart and calculate the TRE 
    index value using equation 33 or 37 depending on whether the process 
    vent is at a new or existing source.
        (i) Engineering assessment. For purposes of TRE index value 
    determination, engineering assessment may be used to determine process 
    vent flow rate, net heating value, TOC emission rate, and total organic 
    HAP emission rate for the representative operating condition expected 
    to yield the lowest TRE index value. Engineering assessments shall meet 
    the requirements of paragraphs (i)(1) through (i)(4) of this section. 
    If process vent flow rate or process vent organic HAP or TOC 
    concentration is being determined for comparison with the 0.011 scmm 
    (0.40 standard cubic foot) flow rate or the applicable concentration 
    value in table 1 of this subpart, engineering assessment may be used to 
    determine the flow rate or concentration for the representative 
    operating condition expected to yield the highest flow rate or 
    concentration.
        (1) If the TRE index value calculated using such engineering 
    assessment and the TRE index value equation in paragraph (h) of this 
    section is greater than 4.0, then the owner or operator is not required 
    to perform the measurements specified in paragraphs (c) through (g) of 
    this section.
        (2) If the TRE index value calculated using such engineering 
    assessment and the TRE index value equation in paragraph (h) of this 
    section is less than or equal to 4.0, then the owner or operator is 
    required either to perform the measurements specified in paragraphs (c) 
    through (g) of this section for group determination or to consider the 
    process vent a Group 1 process vent and comply with the requirement (or 
    standard) specified in Sec. 65.63(a) and, if applicable, Sec. 65.63(b).
        (3) Engineering assessment includes, but is not limited to, the 
    examples specified in paragraphs (i)(3)(i) through (i)(3)(iv) of this 
    section:
        (i) Previous test results provided the tests are representative of 
    current operating practices at the process unit.
        (ii) Bench-scale or pilot-scale test data representative of the 
    process under representative operating conditions.
        (iii) Maximum flow rate, TOC emission rate, organic HAP emission 
    rate, organic HAP or TOC concentration, or net heating value limit 
    specified or implied within a permit limit applicable to the process 
    vent.
        (iv) Design analysis based on accepted chemical engineering 
    principles, measurable process parameters, or physical or chemical laws 
    or properties. Examples of analytical methods include, but are not 
    limited to those specified in paragraphs (i)(3)(iv)(A) through 
    (i)(3)(iv)(D) of this section:
        (A) Use of material balances based on process stoichiometry to 
    estimate maximum TOC or organic HAP concentrations;
        (B) Estimation of maximum flow rate based on physical equipment 
    design such as pump or blower capacities;
        (C) Estimation of TOC or organic HAP concentrations based on 
    saturation conditions; and
        (D) Estimation of maximum expected net heating value based on the 
    stream concentration of each organic compound or, alternatively, as if 
    all TOC in the stream were the compound with the highest heating value.
        (4) All data, assumptions, and procedures used in the engineering 
    assessment shall be documented. The owner or operator shall maintain 
    the records specified in Sec. 65.66(a), (b), (c), or (d), as 
    applicable.
    
    [[Page 57833]]
    
    Sec. 65.65  Monitoring.
    
        (a) An owner or operator of a Group 2A process vent maintaining a 
    TRE index value greater than 1.0 without a recovery device shall 
    monitor based on the approved plan as specified in Sec. 65.63(d).
        (b) As required in Sec. 65.63(a) and (c), an owner or operator of a 
    Group 2A process vent maintaining a TRE index value greater than 1.0 
    with a recovery device or a Group 1 process vent shall comply with 
    Sec. 65.142(b) of subpart G of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.66  Recordkeeping provisions.
    
        (a) TRE index value records. The owner or operator shall maintain 
    records of measurements, engineering assessments, and calculations 
    performed to determine the TRE index value of the process vent 
    according to the procedures of Sec. 65.64(h), including those records 
    associated with halogen vent stream determination. Documentation of 
    engineering assessments shall include all data, assumptions, and 
    procedures used for the engineering assessments, as specified in 
    Sec. 65.64(i). As specified in Sec. 65.67(a), the owner or operator 
    shall include this information in the Initial Compliance Status Report.
        (b) Flow rate records. The owner or operator shall record the flow 
    rate as measured using the sampling site and flow rate determination 
    procedures specified in Sec. 65.64(b) and (d) or determined through 
    engineering assessment as specified in Sec. 65.64(i). As specified in 
    Sec. 65.67(a), the owner or operator shall include this information in 
    the Initial Compliance Status Report.
        (c) Concentration records. The owner or operator shall record the 
    organic HAP or TOC concentration as measurement using the sampling site 
    and HAP or TOC concentration determination procedures specified in 
    Sec. 65.64(b) and (c) or determined through engineering assessment as 
    specified in Sec. 65.64(i). As specified in Sec. 65.67(a), the owner or 
    operator shall include this information in the Initial Compliance 
    Status Report.
        (d) Process change records. The owner or operator shall keep up-to-
    date, readily accessible records as specified in paragraphs (d)(1) 
    through (d)(4) of this section and shall report this information as 
    specified in Sec. 65.67(b).
        (1) If the process vent is Group 2B on the basis of flow rate being 
    less than 0.011 scmm (0.40 standard cubic foot), then the owner or 
    operator shall keep records of any process changes as defined in 
    Sec. 65.63(f) that increase the process vent flow rate and any 
    recalculation or measurement of the flow rate pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.63(f).
        (2) If the process vent is Group 2B on the basis of organic HAP or 
    TOC concentration being less than the applicable value in table 1 of 
    this subpart, then the owner or operator shall keep records of any 
    process changes as defined in Sec. 65.63(f) that increase the organic 
    HAP or TOC concentration of the process vent and any recalculation or 
    measurement of the concentration pursuant to Sec. 65.63(f).
        (3) If the process vent is Group 2A or Group 2B on the basis of the 
    TRE index value being greater than 1.0, then the owner or operator 
    shall keep records of any process changes as defined in Sec. 65.63(f) 
    and any recalculation of the TRE index value pursuant to Sec. 65.63(f).
        (4) As a result of a process change, if a process vent that was 
    Group 2B on any basis becomes a Group 2B process vent only on the basis 
    of having a TRE greater than 4.0, then the owner or operator shall keep 
    records of the TRE index value determination performed according to the 
    sample site and TRE index value determination procedures of 
    Sec. 65.64(b)(1) and (h) or determined through engineering assessment 
    as specified in Sec. 65.64(i).
        (e) Other Group 2A records. An owner or operator of a Group 2A 
    process vent maintaining a TRE index value greater than 1.0 without a 
    recovery device shall record the parameters monitored based on the 
    approved plan as specified in Sec. 65.63(d).
    
    
    Sec. 65.67  Reporting provisions.
    
        (a) Initial compliance status report. The owner or operator shall 
    submit as part of the Initial Compliance Status Report specified in 
    Sec. 65.5(d) of subpart A of this part the information recorded in 
    Sec. 65.66(a), (b), and (c).
        (b) Process change. (1) Whenever a process change, as described in 
    Sec. 65.63(f) is made that causes a Group 2A or 2B process vent to 
    become a Group 1 process vent or a Group 2B process vent to become a 
    Group 2A process vent, the owner or operator shall submit a report 
    within 60 days after the performance test or group determination. The 
    report may be submitted as part of the next periodic report. The report 
    shall include the information specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through 
    (b)(1)(iii) of this section.
        (i) A description of the process change;
        (ii) The results of the recalculation of the flow rate, organic HAP 
    or TOC concentration, and/or TRE index value required under 
    Sec. 65.63(f) and recorded under Sec. 65.66(d); and
        (iii) A statement that the owner or operator will comply with the 
    provisions of Sec. 65.63 by the schedules specified in Sec. 65.63(f)(4) 
    through (f)(6).
        (2) For process vents that become Group 1 process vents after a 
    process change requiring a performance test to be conducted for the 
    control device being used as specified in subpart G of this part, the 
    owner or operator shall specify that the performance test has become 
    necessary due to a process change. This specification shall be made in 
    the notification to the Administrator of the intent to conduct a 
    performance test as provided in Sec. 65.164(b)(1) of subpart G of this 
    part.
        (3) Whenever a process change as described in Sec. 65.63(f) is made 
    that changes the group status of a process vent from Group 1 to Group 
    2A, or from Group 1 to Group 2B, or from Group 2A to Group 2B, the 
    owner or operator shall include a statement in the next periodic report 
    after the process change that a process change has been made and the 
    new group status of the process vents.
        (4) The owner or operator is not required to submit a report of a 
    process change if one of the conditions listed in paragraph (b)(4)(i), 
    (b)(4)(ii), (b)(4)(iii), or (b)(4)(iv) of this section is met.
        (i) The change does not meet the definition of a process change in 
    Sec. 65.63(f) of this subpart, or
        (ii) For a Group 2B process vent, the vent stream flow rate is 
    recalculated according to Sec. 65.63(f) of this subpart and the 
    recalculated value is less than 0.011 standard cubic meter per minute 
    (0.40 standard cubic foot per minute), or
        (iii) For a Group 2B process vent, the organic HAP or TOC 
    concentration of the vent stream is recalculated according to 
    Sec. 65.63(f) of this subpart, and the recalculated value is less than 
    the applicable value in table 1 of this subpart, or
        (iv) For a Group 2B process vent, the TRE index value is 
    recalculated according to Sec. 65.63(f) of this subpart and the 
    recalculated value is greater than 4.0.
        (c) Parameters for Group 2A without a recovery device. An owner or 
    operator of a Group 2A process vent maintaining a TRE index value 
    greater than 1.0 without using a recovery device shall report the 
    information specified in the approved plan under Sec. 65.63(d).
    
    
    Secs. 65.68-65.79  [Reserved]
    
    [[Page 57834]]
    
    
    
          Table 1 to Subpart D.--Concentration for Group Determination
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
               Referencing subpart                     Concentration
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Subpart III of Part 60...................  NA.\1\
    Subpart NNN of Part 60...................  300 ppmv of TOC.
    Subpart RRR of Part 60...................  300 ppmv of TOC.
    Subpart G of Part 63.....................  50 ppmv of HAP.\2\
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ Process vents subject to subpart III of Part 60 are not eligible for
      the low concentration exemption provisions of this part.
    \2\ For process vents subject to subpart G of part 63, the owner or
      operator may measure HAP or TOC concentration with regard to the low
      concentration exemption provisions of this part.
    
    
                                                                 Table 2.--To Subpart D.--TRE Parameters for NSPS Referencing Subparts a
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                                        Values of terms for TRE equation: TRE=A * [B+C+D+E+F]
                                           Net heating value                                    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
          Halogenated vent stream?             (MJ/scm)         Vent stream flow rate (scm/min)                                                                                             Equation
                                                                                                        A            B          C              D                 E               F            No.
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Yes................................  0 H <14.2.........................>TOC           30.96334          0                  0      -0.13064QH                0          1
                                          thn-eq>3.5.
                                                               14.2 Q TOC           19.18370   0.27580Q      0.757620Q0.88      -0.13064QH      0.01025Q0.5          2
                                                                eq>18.8.
                                                               18.8< q="">699..........  1/ETOC           20.00563   0.27580Q      0.303870Q0.88      -0.13064QH      0.01025Q0.5          3
                                                               699< q="">1400..........  1/ETOC           39.87022   0.29973Q      0.303870Q0.88      -0.13064QH      0.01449Q0.5          4
                                                               1400< q="">2100.........  1/ETOC           59.73481   0.31467Q      0.303870Q0.88      -0.13064QH      0.01775Q0.5          5
                                                               2100< q="">2800.........  1/ETOC           79.59941   0.32572Q      0.303870Q0.88      -0.13064QH      0.02049Q0.5          6
                                                               2800< q="">3500.........  1/ETOC           99.46400   0.33456Q      0.303870Q0.88      -0.13064QH      0.02291Q0.5          7
                                         H >3.5..............  Q <14.2.........................>TOC           20.61052          0                  0               0                0          8
                                                               14.2 Q TOC           18.84466   0.26742Q     -0.200440Q0.88               0      0.01025Q0.5          9
                                                                eq>18.8.
                                                               18.8< q="">699..........  1/ETOC           19.66658   0.26742Q     -0.253320Q0.88               0      0.01025Q0.5         10
                                                               699< q="">1400..........  1/ETOC           39.19213   0.29062Q     -0.253320Q0.88               0      0.01449Q0.5         11
                                                               1400< q="">2100.........  1/ETOC           58.71768   0.30511Q     -0.253320Q0.88               0      0.01775Q0.5         12
                                                               2100< q="">2800.........  1/ETOC           78.24323   0.31582Q     -0.253320Q0.88               0      0.02049Q0.5         13
                                                               2800< q="">3500.........  1/ETOC           97.76879   0.32439Q     -0.253320Q0.88               0      0.02291Q0.5         14
    No.................................  0 H <14.2.........................>TOC           11.01250          0                  0      -0.17109QH                0         15
                                          thn-eq>0.48.
                                                               14.2 Q TOC            8.54245   0.10555Q      0.090300Q0.88      -0.17109QH      0.01025Q0.5         16
                                                                eq>1340.
                                                               1340< q="">2690.........  1/ETOC           16.94386   0.11470Q      0.090300Q0.88      -0.17109QH      0.01449Q0.5         17
                                                               2690< q="">4040.........  1/ETOC           25.34528   0.12042Q      0.090300Q0.88      -0.17109QH      0.01775Q0.5         18
                                         0.48< h=""><14.2.........................>TOC           13.45630          0                  0      -0.16181QH                0         19
                                          eq>1.9.
                                                               14.2 Q TOC            9.25233   0.06105Q      0.319370Q0.88      -0.16181QH      0.01025Q0.5         20
                                                                eq>1340.
                                                               1340< q="">2690.........  1/ETOC           18.36363   0.06635Q      0.319370Q0.88      -0.16181QH      0.01449Q0.5         21
                                                               2690< q="">4040.........  1/ETOC           27.47492   0.06965Q      0.319370Q0.88      -0.16181QH      0.01775Q0.5         22
                                         1.9< h=""><14.2.........................>TOC            7.96988          0                  0               0                0         23
                                          eq>3.6.
                                                               14.2 Q TOC            6.67868   0.06943Q      0.025820Q0.88               0      0.01025Q0.5         24
                                                                eq>1180.
                                                               1180< q="">2370.........  1/ETOC           13.21633   0.07546Q      0.025820Q0.88               0      0.01449Q0.5         25
                                                               2370< q="">3550.........  1/ETOC           19.75398   0.07922Q      0.025820Q0.88               0      0.01775Q0.5         26
                                         H >3.6..............  Q <14.2.........................>TOC            6.67868          0  0.02220Q0.88H0.88      -0.00707QH      0.02036H0.5         27
                                                               Q 14.2 and 14.2TOC            6.67868          0  0.02220Q0.88H0.88      -0.00707QH  0.00540Q0.5H0.5         28
                                                                thn-eq> Q* (H/3.6) 1180.
                                                               Q 14.2 and 1180< q*="">TOC           13.21633          0  0.02412Q0.88H0.88      -0.00707QH  0.00764Q0.5H0.5         29
                                                                (H/3.6) 2370.
                                                               Q 14.2 and 2370< q*="">TOC           19.75398          0  0.02533Q0.88H0.88      -0.00707QH  0.00936Q0.5H0.5         30
                                                                (H/3.6) 3550.
    No.................................  0 H TOC               2.08      2.25Q          0.288Q0.8        -0.193QH      -0.0051ETOC         31
                                          thn-eq>11.2.
                                         H 11.2...  All.............................  1/ETOC               2.08     0.309Q         0.0619Q0.8       -0.0043QH      -0.0043ETOC         32
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    a Use according to procedures outlined in Sec.  65.64(h).
    MJ/scm = mega Joules per standard cubic meter; scm/min = standard cubic meters per minute.
    
    
                                                                   Table 3 to Subpart D.--TRE Parameters for Hon Referencing Subpartsa
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                 Values of terms for TRE equation: TRE = A * [ B+C+D+E+F]
              Existing or New?               Halogenated vent    -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Equation
                                                 stream?                   A                B                C                D                E                        F                    No.
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Existing...........................  Yes....................  1/EHAP.............        3.995  0.05200Q                       0          -0.001769H  0.0009700ETOC................           33
                                         No.....................  1/EHAP.............        1.935  0.3660Q                        0          -0.007687H  -0.000733ETOC................           34
                                                                  1/EHAP.............        1.492  0.06267Q                       0            0.03177H  -0.001159ETOC................           35
                                                                  1/EHAP.............        2.519  0.01183Q                       0            0.01300H  0.04790ETOC..................           36
    New................................  Yes....................  1/EHAP.............       1.0895  0.01417Q                       0          -0.000482H  0.0002645ETOC................           37
                                         No.....................  1/EHAP.............       0.5276  0.0998Q                        0          -0.002096H  -0.0002000ETOC...............           38
                                                                  1/EHAP.............       0.4068  0.00171Q                       0           0.008664H  -0.000316ETOC................           39
                                                                  1/EHAP.............       0.6868  0.00321Q                       0           0.003546H  0.01306ETOC..................           40
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    a Use according to procedures outlined in Sec.  65.64(h).
    MJ/scm = mega Joules per standard cubic meter; scm/min = standard cubic meters per minute.
    
    
    [[Page 57835]]
    
    Subpart E--Transfer Racks
    
    
    Sec. 65.80  Applicability.
    
        (a) The provisions of this subpart and of subpart A of this part 
    apply to control of regulated material emissions from transfer racks 
    where a referencing subpart references the use of this subpart for such 
    emissions control.
        (b) If a physical or process change is made that causes a transfer 
    rack to fall outside the criteria in the referencing subpart that 
    required the transfer rack to control emission of regulated material, 
    the owner or operator may elect to comply with the provisions for 
    transfer racks not subject to control contained in the referencing 
    subpart instead of the provisions of this subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.81  Definitions.
    
        All terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning given them in 
    the Act and in subpart A of this part. If a term is defined in both 
    subpart A of this part and in other subparts that reference the use of 
    this subpart, the term shall have the meaning given in subpart A of 
    this part for purposes of this subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.82  Design requirements.
    
        (a) The owner or operator shall equip each transfer rack with the 
    equipment specified in either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this 
    section.
        (1) A closed vent system which routes the regulated material vapors 
    to a control device as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(1) and (a)(2).
        (2) Process piping which routes the regulated material vapors to a 
    process or a fuel gas system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(4), or to a 
    vapor balance system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(3).
        (b) Each closed vent system shall be designed to collect the 
    regulated material displaced from tank trucks or railcars during 
    loading and to route the collected regulated material to a control 
    device or a flare as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(1) and (a)(2).
        (c) Process piping shall be designed to collect the regulated 
    material displaced from tank trucks or railcars during loading and to 
    route the collected regulated material vapors to a process or a fuel 
    gas system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(4) or to a vapor balance system 
    as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(3).
        (d) Each closed vent system shall meet the applicable requirements 
    of Sec. 65.143 of subpart G of this part.
        (e) If the collected regulated material vapors from a transfer rack 
    are routed to a vapor balance system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(3), 
    then that transfer rack is exempt from the closed vent system design 
    requirements of paragraphs (b) and (d) of this section, the halogenated 
    vent stream control requirements of Sec. 65.83(b), the control device 
    operation requirements of Sec. 65.84(b), the monitoring requirements of 
    Sec. 65.86, and the requirements of subpart G of this part.
        (f) If the collected regulated material vapors are routed to a 
    process or a fuel gas system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(4), then each 
    owner or operator shall meet the applicable requirements of 
    Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.83  Performance requirements.
    
        (a) The owner or operator of the transfer rack shall comply with 
    paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3) or (a)(4) of this section.
        (1) 98 Percent or 20 parts per million by volume standard. Use a 
    control device to reduce emissions of regulated material by 98 weight-
    percent or to an exit concentration of 20 parts per million by volume, 
    whichever is less stringent. For combustion devices, the emission 
    reduction or concentration shall be calculated on a dry basis, 
    corrected to 3 percent oxygen. The owner or operator shall meet the 
    applicable requirements of Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of this part. 
    Compliance may be achieved by using any combination of combustion, 
    recovery, and/or recapture devices.
        (2) Flare. Reduce emissions of regulated material using a flare 
    meeting the applicable requirements of Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of 
    this part.
        (3) Vapor balancing. Reduce emissions of regulated material using a 
    vapor balancing system designed and operated to collect regulated 
    material vapors displaced from tank trucks or railcars during loading; 
    and to route the collected regulated material vapors to the storage 
    vessel from which the liquid being loaded originated, or to another 
    storage vessel connected to a common header, or to compress and route 
    collected regulated material vapors to a process. Transfer racks for 
    which the owner or operator is using a vapor balancing system are 
    exempt from the closed vent system design requirements of paragraphs 
    Sec. 65.82(b) and (d), the halogenated vent stream control requirements 
    of paragraph (b) of this section, the control device operation 
    requirements of Sec. 65.84(b), the monitoring requirements of 
    Sec. 65.86, and the requirements of subpart G of this part.
        (4) Route to a process or fuel gas system. Route emissions of 
    regulated material to a process where the regulated material in the 
    emissions shall predominantly meet one of, or a combination of, the 
    ends specified in paragraphs (a)(4)(i) through (a)(4)(iv) of this 
    section or to a fuel gas system. The owner or operator shall meet the 
    applicable requirements of Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of this part.
        (i) Recycled and/or consumed in the same manner as a material that 
    fulfills the same function in that process;
        (ii) Transformed by chemical reaction into materials that are not 
    regulated materials;
        (iii) Incorporated into a product; and/or
        (iv) Recovered.
        (b) Additional control requirements for halogenated vent streams. 
    Halogenated vent streams from transfer racks that are combusted shall 
    be controlled according to paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section. 
    Determination of whether a vent stream is halogenated shall be made 
    using the procedures specified in Sec. 65.85(c) and the halogen 
    concentration in the vent stream shall be recorded and reported in the 
    Initial Compliance Status Report as specified in Sec. 65.160(d) of 
    subpart G of this part.
        (1) Halogen reduction device following combustion. If a combustion 
    device is used to comply with paragraph (a)(1) of this section for a 
    halogenated vent stream, then the vent stream exiting the combustion 
    device shall be ducted to a halogen reduction device including, but not 
    limited to, a scrubber before it is discharged to the atmosphere, and 
    the halogen reduction device shall meet the requirements of paragraph 
    (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section, as applicable. The halogenated 
    vent stream shall not be combusted using a flare.
        (i) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section, the 
    halogen reduction device shall reduce overall emissions of hydrogen 
    halides and halogens by 99 percent or shall reduce the outlet mass 
    emission rate of total hydrogen halides and halogens to 0.45 kilogram 
    per hour (0.99 pound per hour) or less, whichever is less stringent. 
    The owner or operator shall meet the applicable requirements of 
    Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of this part.
        (ii) If a scrubber or other halogen reduction device was installed 
    prior to December 31, 1992, the halogen reduction device shall reduce 
    overall emissions of hydrogen halides and halogens by 95 percent or 
    shall reduce the outlet mass of total hydrogen halides and halogens to 
    less than 0.45 kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour), whichever is 
    less stringent. The owner or operator shall meet the applicable 
    requirements of Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of this part.
        (2) Halogen reduction device prior to combustion. A halogen 
    reduction device, such as a scrubber, or other
    
    [[Page 57836]]
    
    technique may be used to make the vent stream nonhalogenated by 
    reducing the vent stream halogen atom mass emission rate to less than 
    0.45 kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour) prior to any combustion 
    control device used to comply with the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) 
    or (a)(2) of this section. The halogen mass emission rate prior to the 
    combustor shall be determined according to the procedures in 
    Sec. 65.85(c). The owner or operator shall meet the applicable 
    requirements of Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart G of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.84  Operating requirements.
    
        (a) Closed vent systems or process piping. An owner or operator of 
    a transfer rack shall operate the equipment specified in either 
    paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section.
        (1) A closed vent system which routes the regulated material vapors 
    to a control device as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(1) and (a)(2).
        (2) Process piping which routes the regulated material vapors to a 
    process or a fuel gas system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(4) or to a 
    vapor balance system as provided in Sec. 65.83(a)(3).
        (b) Control device operation. Whenever regulated material emissions 
    are vented to a control device used to comply with the provisions of 
    this subpart, such control device shall be operating.
        (c) Tank trucks and railcars. The owner or operator shall load 
    regulated material into only tank trucks and railcars that meet the 
    requirements specified in paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section 
    and shall maintain the records specified in Sec. 65.87.
        (1) Have a current certification in accordance with the U.S. 
    Department of Transportation (DOT) pressure test requirements of 49 CFR 
    part 180 for tank trucks and 49 CFR 173.31 for railcars; or
        (2) Have been demonstrated to be vapor-tight within the preceding 
    12 months as determined by the procedures in Sec. 65.85(a). Vapor-tight 
    means that the pressure in a truck or railcar tank will not drop more 
    than 750 pascals (0.11 pound per square inch) within 5 minutes after it 
    is pressurized to a minimum of 4,500 pascals (0.65 pound per square 
    inch).
        (d) Pressure relief device. The owner or operator of a transfer 
    rack subject to the provisions of this subpart shall ensure that no 
    pressure relief device in the loading equipment of each tank truck or 
    railcar shall begin to open to the atmosphere during loading. Pressure 
    relief devices needed for safety purposes are not subject to paragraph 
    (d) of this section.
        (e) Compatible system. The owner or operator of a transfer rack 
    subject to the provisions of this subpart shall load regulated material 
    only to tank trucks or railcars equipped with a vapor collection system 
    that is compatible with the transfer rack's closed vent system or 
    process piping.
        (f) Loading while systems connected. The owner or operator of a 
    transfer rack subject to this subpart shall load regulated material 
    only to tank trucks or railcars whose collection systems are connected 
    to the transfer rack's closed vent systems or process piping.
    
    
    Sec. 65.85  Procedures.
    
        (a) Vapor tightness. For the purposes of demonstrating vapor 
    tightness to determine compliance with Sec. 65.84(c)(2), the procedures 
    and equipment specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section 
    shall be used.
        (1) The pressure test procedures specified in Method 27 of 40 CFR 
    part 60, appendix A; and
        (2) A pressure measurement device that has a precision of 
    2.5 millimeters of mercury (0.10 inch) or better and that 
    is capable of measuring above the pressure at which the tank truck or 
    railcar is to be tested for vapor tightness.
        (b) Engineering assessment. Engineering assessment to determine if 
    a vent stream is halogenated or flow rate of a gas stream includes, but 
    is not limited to, the examples specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through 
    (b)(5) of this section.
        (1) Previous test results, provided the tests are representative of 
    current operating practices at the process unit.
        (2) Bench-scale or pilot-scale test data representative of the 
    process under representative operating conditions.
        (3) Maximum flow rate or halogen emission rate specified or implied 
    within a permit limit applicable to the process vent.
        (4) Design analysis based on accepted chemical engineering 
    principles, measurable process parameters, or physical or chemical laws 
    or properties.
        (5) All data, assumptions, and procedures used in the engineering 
    assessment shall be documented.
        (c) Halogenated vent stream determination. In order to determine 
    whether a vent stream is halogenated, the mass emission rate of halogen 
    atoms contained in organic compounds shall be calculated as specified 
    in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section.
        (1) The vent stream concentration of each organic compound 
    containing halogen atoms (parts per million by volume by compound) 
    shall be determined based on any of the procedures specified in 
    paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (c)(1)(iv) of this section.
        (i) Process knowledge that no halogen or hydrogen halides are 
    present in the vent stream; or
        (ii) Applicable engineering assessment as specified in paragraph 
    (b); or
        (iii) Concentration of organic compounds containing halogens 
    measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A; or
        (iv) Any other method or data that have been validated according to 
    the applicable procedures in Method 301 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A.
        (2) The following equation shall be used to calculate the mass 
    emission rate of halogen atoms:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.007
    
    Where:
    
    E = Mass of halogen atoms, dry basis, kilograms per hour.
    K2 = Constant, 2.494 x 10-6 (parts per 
    million)-1 (kilogram-mole per standard cubic meter) 
    (minute/hour), where standard temperature is 20 deg. C.
    Vs = Flow rate of gas stream, dry standard cubic meters 
    per minute, determined according to Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 
    CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate, or determined using 
    engineering assessment as specified in paragraph (b).
    n = Number of halogenated compounds j in the gas stream.
    j = Halogenated compound j in the gas stream.
    m = Number of different halogens i in each compound j of the gas 
    stream.
    i = Halogen atom i in compound j of the gas stream.
    Cj = Concentration of halogenated compound j in the gas 
    stream, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
    Lji = Number of atoms of halogen i in compound j of the 
    gas stream.
    Mji = Molecular weight of halogen atom i in compound j of 
    the gas stream, kilogram per kilogram-mole.
    
    
    Sec. 65.86  Monitoring.
    
        The owner or operator of a transfer rack equipped with a closed 
    vent system and control device pursuant to Sec. 65.83(a)(1) or (a)(2) 
    shall monitor the closed vent system and control device as required 
    under the applicable paragraphs specified in Sec. 65.142(c) of subpart 
    G of this part.
    
    
    Sec. 65.87  Recordkeeping provisions.
    
        The owner or operator of a transfer rack shall record that the 
    verification of U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) tank 
    certification or Method 27 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, testing 
    required in Sec. 65.84(c) has been
    
    [[Page 57837]]
    
    performed. Various methods for the record of verification can be used 
    such as: a check off on a log sheet; a list of DOT serial numbers or 
    Method 27 data or a position description for gate security showing that 
    the security guard will not allow any trucks on-site that do not have 
    the appropriate documentation.
    
    
    Secs. 65.88-65.99  [Reserved]
    
    Subpart F--Equipment Leaks
    
    
    Sec. 65.100  Applicability.
    
        (a) Equipment subject to this subpart. The provisions of this 
    subpart and subpart A of this part apply to equipment that contains or 
    contacts regulated material. Compliance with this subpart instead of 
    the referencing subpart does not alter the applicability of the 
    referencing subpart. This subpart applies to only the equipment to 
    which the referencing subpart applies. This part does not extend 
    applicability to equipment that are not regulated by the referencing 
    subpart.
        (b) Equipment in vacuum service. Equipment in vacuum service is 
    excluded from the requirements of this subpart.
        (c) Equipment in service less than 300 hours per calendar year. 
    Equipment intended to be in regulated material service less than 300 
    hours per calendar year is excluded from the requirements of 
    Secs. 65.106 through 65.115 and Sec. 65.117 if it is identified as 
    required in Sec. 65.103(b)(6).
        (d) Lines and equipment not containing process fluids. Lines and 
    equipment not containing process fluids are not subject to the 
    provisions of this subpart. Utilities and other nonprocess lines, such 
    as heating and cooling systems that do not combine their materials with 
    those in the processes they serve, are not considered to be part of a 
    process unit.
    
    
    Sec. 65.101  Definitions.
    
        All terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning given them in 
    the Act and in subpart A of this part. If a term is defined in both 
    subpart A of this part and in other subparts that reference the use of 
    this subpart, the term shall have the meaning given in subpart A of 
    this part for purposes of this subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.102  Alternative means of emission limitation.
    
        (a) Performance standard exemption. The provisions of paragraph (b) 
    of this section do not apply to the performance standards of 
    Sec. 65.111(b) for pressure relief devices or Sec. 65.112(f) for 
    compressors operating under the alternative compressor standard.
        (b) Requests by owners or operators. An owner or operator may 
    request a determination of alternative means of emission limitation to 
    the requirements of Secs. 65.106 through 65.115 as provided in 
    paragraph (d) of this section. If the Administrator makes a 
    determination that a means of emission limitation is a permissible 
    alternative, the owner or operator shall either comply with the 
    alternative or comply with the requirements of Secs. 65.106 through 
    65.115.
        (c) Requests by manufacturers of equipment.
        (1) Manufacturers of equipment used to control equipment leaks of a 
    regulated material may apply to the Administrator for approval of an 
    alternative means of emission limitation that achieves a reduction in 
    emissions of the regulated material equivalent to the reduction 
    achieved by the equipment, design, and operational requirements of this 
    subpart.
        (2) The Administrator will grant permission according to the 
    provisions of paragraph (d) of this section.
        (d) Permission to use an alternative means of emission limitation. 
    Permission to use an alternative means of emission limitation shall be 
    governed by the procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(4) of this 
    section.
        (1) Where the standard is an equipment, design, or operational 
    requirement, the requirements of paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through 
    (d)(1)(iii) of this section apply.
        (i) Each owner or operator applying for permission to use an 
    alternative means of emission limitation shall be responsible for 
    collecting and verifying emission performance test data for an 
    alternative means of emission limitation.
        (ii) The Administrator will compare test data for the means of 
    emission limitation to test data for the equipment, design, and 
    operational requirements.
        (iii) The Administrator may condition the permission on 
    requirements that may be necessary to ensure operation and maintenance 
    to achieve at least the same emission reduction as the equipment, 
    design, and operational requirements of this subpart.
        (2) Where the standard is a work practice, the requirements of 
    paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(vi) of this section apply.
        (i) Each owner or operator applying for permission to use an 
    alternative means of emission limitation shall be responsible for 
    collecting and verifying test data for the alternative.
        (ii) For each kind of equipment for which permission is requested, 
    the emission reduction achieved by the required work practices shall be 
    demonstrated for a minimum period of 12 months.
        (iii) For each kind of equipment for which permission is requested, 
    the emission reduction achieved by the alternative means of emission 
    limitation shall be demonstrated.
        (iv) Each owner or operator applying for such permission shall 
    commit in writing for each kind of equipment to work practices that 
    provide for emission reductions equal to or greater than the emission 
    reductions achieved by the required work practices.
        (v) The Administrator will compare the demonstrated emission 
    reduction for the alternative means of emission limitation to the 
    demonstrated emission reduction for the required work practices and 
    will consider the commitment in paragraph (d)(2)(iv) of this section.
        (vi) The Administrator may condition the permission on requirements 
    that may be necessary to ensure operation and maintenance to achieve 
    the same or greater emission reduction as the required work practices 
    of this subpart.
        (3) An owner or operator may offer a unique approach to demonstrate 
    the alternative means of emission limitation.
        (4) If in the judgment of the Administrator an alternative means of 
    emission limitation will be approved, the Administrator will publish a 
    notice of the determination in the Federal Register using the 
    procedures pursuant to Sec. 65.8(a) of subpart A.
    
    
    Sec. 65.103  Equipment identification.
    
        (a) General equipment identification. Equipment subject to this 
    subpart shall be identified. Identification of the equipment does not 
    require physical tagging of the equipment. For example, the equipment 
    may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, by designation 
    of process unit boundaries by some form of weatherproof identification, 
    or by other appropriate methods.
        (b) Additional equipment identification. In addition to the general 
    identification required by paragraph (a) of this section, equipment 
    subject to any of the provisions in Secs. 65.106 through 65.115 shall 
    be specifically identified as required in paragraphs (b)(1) through 
    (b)(6) of this section, as applicable. Paragraph (b) of this section 
    does not apply to an owner or operator of a batch product-process who 
    elects to pressure test the batch product-process equipment train 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.117.
        (1) Connectors. Except for inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined 
    connectors meeting the provisions of
    
    [[Page 57838]]
    
    Sec. 65.108(e)(2) and instrumentation systems identified pursuant to 
    paragraph (b)(5) of this section, identify the connectors subject to 
    the requirements of this subpart. Connectors need not be individually 
    identified if all connectors in a designated area or length of pipe 
    subject to the provisions of this subpart are identified as a group, 
    and the number of connectors subject is indicated. With respect to 
    connectors, the identification shall be complete no later than the 
    completion of the initial survey required by Sec. 65.108(a).
        (2) [Reserved]
        (3) Routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a 
    closed vent system and control device. Identify the equipment that the 
    owner or operator elects to route to a process or fuel gas system or 
    equip with a closed vent system and control device under the provisions 
    of Sec. 65.107(e)(3) (pumps in light liquid service), Sec. 65.109(e)(3) 
    (agitators), Sec. 65.111(d) (pressure relief devices in gas/vapor 
    service), Sec. 65.112(e) (compressors), or Sec. 65.118 (alternative 
    means of emission limitation for enclosed-vented process units).
        (4) Pressure relief devices. Identify the pressure relief devices 
    equipped with rupture disks under the provisions of Sec. 65.111(e).
        (5) Instrumentation systems. Identify instrumentation systems 
    subject to the provisions of this subpart. Individual components in an 
    instrumentation system need not be identified.
        (6) Equipment in service less than 300 hours per calendar year. 
    Identify either by list, location (area or group), or other method, 
    equipment in regulated material service less than 300 hours per 
    calendar year within a process unit subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart shall be recorded.
        (c) Special equipment designations: Equipment that is unsafe or 
    difficult-to-monitor--(1) Designation and criteria for unsafe-to-
    monitor. Valves meeting the provisions of Sec. 65.106(e)(1), pumps 
    meeting the provisions of Sec. 65.107(e)(6), connectors meeting the 
    provisions of Sec. 65.108(e)(1), and agitators meeting the provisions 
    of Sec. 65.109(e)(7) may be designated unsafe-to-monitor if the owner 
    or operator determines that monitoring personnel would be exposed to an 
    immediate danger as a consequence of complying with the monitoring 
    requirements of this subpart.
        (2) Designation and criteria for difficult-to-monitor. Valves 
    meeting the provisions of Sec. 65.106(e)(2) may be designated 
    difficult-to-monitor if the provisions of paragraphs (c)(2)(i) apply. 
    Agitators meeting the provisions of Sec. 65.109(e)(5) may be designated 
    difficult-to-monitor if the provisions of paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this 
    section apply.
        (i) Valves. (A) The owner or operator of the valve determines that 
    the valve cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring 
    personnel more than 2 meters (7 feet) above a support surface or it is 
    not accessible in a safe manner when it is in regulated material 
    service; and
        (B) The process unit within which the valve is located is a 
    regulated source for which the owner or operator commenced 
    construction, reconstruction, or modification prior to the compliance 
    date of the referencing subpart; or
        (C) The owner or operator designates less than 3 percent of the 
    total number of valves within the process unit as difficult-to-monitor.
        (ii) Agitators. (A) The owner or operator determines that the 
    agitator cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring personnel 
    more than 2 meters (7 feet) above a support surface or it is not 
    accessible in a safe manner when it is in regulated material service.
        (3) Identification of unsafe or difficult-to-monitor equipment. The 
    owner or operator shall record the identity of equipment designated as 
    unsafe-to-monitor or difficult-to-monitor according to the provisions 
    of paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this section, the planned schedule for 
    monitoring this equipment and an explanation why the equipment is 
    difficult-to-monitor, if applicable.
        (4) Written plan requirements. (i) The owner or operator of 
    equipment designated as unsafe-to-monitor according to the provisions 
    of paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall have a written plan that 
    requires monitoring of the equipment as frequently as practical during 
    safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic 
    monitoring schedule otherwise applicable, and repair of the equipment 
    according to the procedures in Sec. 65.105 if a leak is detected.
        (ii) The owner or operator of equipment designated as difficult-to-
    monitor according to the provisions of paragraph (c)(2) of this section 
    shall have a written plan that requires monitoring of the equipment at 
    least once per calendar year and repair of the equipment according to 
    the procedures in Sec. 65.105 if a leak is detected.
        (d) Special equipment designations: Equipment that is unsafe to 
    repair--(1) Designation and criteria. Connectors subject to the 
    provisions of Sec. 65.105(e) may be designated unsafe to repair if the 
    owner or operator determines that repair personnel would be exposed to 
    an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with the repair 
    requirements of this subpart and if the connector will be repaired 
    before the end of the next process unit shutdown as specified in 
    Sec. 63.105(e).
        (2) Identification of equipment. The identity of connectors 
    designated as unsafe to repair and an explanation why the connector is 
    unsafe to repair shall be recorded.
        (e) Special equipment designations: Compressors operating with an 
    instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million. Identify the 
    compressors that the owner or operator elects to designate as operating 
    with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million under the 
    provisions of Sec. 65.112(f).
        (f) Special equipment designations: Equipment in heavy liquid 
    service. The owner or operator of equipment in heavy liquid service 
    shall comply with the requirements of either paragraph (f)(1) or (f)(2) 
    of this section as provided in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
        (1) Retain information, data, and analyses used to determine that a 
    piece of equipment is in heavy liquid service.
        (2) When requested by the Administrator, demonstrate that the piece 
    of equipment or process is in heavy liquid service.
        (3) A determination or demonstration that a piece of equipment or 
    process is in heavy liquid service shall include an analysis or 
    demonstration that the process fluids do not meet the definition of 
    ``in light liquid service.'' Examples of information that could 
    document this include, but are not limited to, records of chemicals 
    purchased for the process, analyses of process stream composition, 
    engineering calculations, or process knowledge.
    
    
    Sec. 65.104  Instrument and sensory monitoring for leaks.
    
        (a) Monitoring for leaks. The owner or operator of a regulated 
    source subject to this subpart shall monitor regulated equipment as 
    specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section for instrument monitoring 
    and paragraph (a)(2) of this section for sensory monitoring.
        (1) Instrument monitoring for leaks. (i) Valves in gas/vapor 
    service and in light liquid service shall be monitored pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.106(b).
        (ii) Pumps in light liquid service shall be monitored pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.107(b).
        (iii) Connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service 
    shall be monitored pursuant to Sec. 65.108(b).
        (iv) Agitators in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service 
    shall be monitored pursuant to Sec. 65.109(b).
        (v) Pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service shall be monitored 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.111(b) and (c).
    
    [[Page 57839]]
    
        (vi) Compressors designated to operate with an instrument reading 
    less than 500 parts per million as described in Sec. 65.103(e) shall be 
    monitored pursuant to Sec. 65.112(f).
        (2) Sensory monitoring for leaks. (i) Pumps in light liquid service 
    shall be observed pursuant to Sec. 65.107(b)(4) and (e)(1).
        (ii) Inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connectors in gas/
    vapor service and in light liquid service shall be observed pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.108(e)(2).
        (iii) Agitators in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service 
    shall be monitored pursuant to Sec. 65.109(b)(3) or (e)(1)(i).
        (iv) Pumps, valves, agitators, and connectors in heavy liquid 
    service; instrumentation systems; and pressure relief devices in liquid 
    service shall be observed pursuant to Sec. 65.110(b)(1).
        (b) Instrument monitoring methods. Instrument monitoring as 
    required under this subpart shall comply with the requirements 
    specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(6) of this section.
        (1) Monitoring method. Monitoring shall comply with Method 21 of 40 
    CFR part 60, appendix A, except as otherwise provided in this section.
        (2) Detection instrument performance criteria. (i) Except as 
    provided for in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, the detection 
    instrument shall meet the performance criteria of Method 21 of 40 CFR 
    part 60, appendix A, except the instrument response factor criteria in 
    section 3.1.2(a) of Method 21 shall be for the representative 
    composition of the process fluid not each individual VOC in the stream. 
    For process streams that contain nitrogen, air, or other inerts that 
    are not organic HAP's or VOC, the representative stream response factor 
    shall be determined on an inert-free basis. The response factor may be 
    determined at any concentration for which monitoring for leaks will be 
    conducted.
        (ii) If no instrument is available at the plant site that will meet 
    the performance criteria specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this 
    section, the instrument readings may be adjusted by multiplying by the 
    representative response factor of the process fluid calculated on an 
    inert-free basis as described in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section.
        (3) Detection instrument calibration procedure. The detection 
    instrument shall be calibrated before use on each day of its use by the 
    procedures specified in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
        (4) Detection instrument calibration gas. Calibration gases shall 
    be zero air (less than 10 parts per million of hydrocarbon in air); and 
    the gases specified in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section except as 
    provided in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section.
        (i) Mixtures of methane in air at a concentration no more than 
    2,000 parts per million greater than the leak definition concentration 
    of the equipment monitored. If the monitoring instrument's design 
    allows for multiple calibration scales, then the lower scale shall be 
    calibrated with a calibration gas that is no higher than 2,000 parts 
    per million above the concentration specified as a leak, and the 
    highest scale shall be calibrated with a calibration gas that is 
    approximately equal to 10,000 parts per million. If only one scale on 
    an instrument will be used during monitoring, the owner or operator 
    need not calibrate the scales that will not be used during that day's 
    monitoring.
        (ii) A calibration gas other than methane in air may be used if the 
    instrument does not respond to methane or if the instrument does not 
    meet the performance criteria specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this 
    section. In such cases, the calibration gas may be a mixture of one or 
    more of the compounds to be measured in air.
        (5) Monitoring performance. Monitoring shall be performed when the 
    equipment is in regulated material service or is in use with any other 
    detectable material.
        (6) Monitoring data. Monitoring data obtained prior to the 
    regulated source becoming subject to the referencing subpart that do 
    not meet the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of 
    this section may still be used to qualify initially for less frequent 
    monitoring under the provisions in Sec. 65.106(a)(2), (b)(3), or (b)(4) 
    for valves or Sec. 65.108(b)(3) for connectors provided the departures 
    from the criteria or from the specified monitoring frequency of 
    Sec. 65.106(b)(3) or (b)(4) are minor and do not significantly affect 
    the quality of the data. Examples of minor departures are monitoring at 
    a slightly different frequency (such as every 6 weeks instead of 
    monthly or quarterly), following the performance criteria of section 
    3.1.2(a) of Method 21 of appendix A of 40 CFR part 60 instead of 
    paragraph (b)(2) of this section, or monitoring using a different leak 
    definition if the data would indicate the presence or absence of a leak 
    at the concentration specified in this subpart. Failure to use a 
    calibrated instrument is not considered a minor departure.
        (c) Instrument monitoring readings and background adjustments. The 
    owner or operator may elect to adjust or not to adjust the instrument 
    readings for background. If an owner or operator elects not to adjust 
    instrument readings for background, the owner or operator shall monitor 
    the equipment according to the procedures specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section. In such cases, all instrument 
    readings shall be compared directly to the applicable leak definition 
    for the monitored equipment to determine whether there is a leak or to 
    determine compliance with Sec. 65.111(b) (pressure relief devices) or 
    Sec. 65.112(f) (alternative compressor standard). If an owner or 
    operator elects to adjust instrument readings for background, the owner 
    or operator shall monitor the equipment according to the procedures 
    specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section.
        (1) The requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this 
    section shall apply.
        (2) The background level shall be determined using the procedures 
    in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
        (3) The instrument probe shall be traversed around all potential 
    leak interfaces as close to the interface as possible as described in 
    Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
        (4) The arithmetic difference between the maximum concentration 
    indicated by the instrument and the background level shall be compared 
    to the applicable leak definition for the monitored equipment to 
    determine whether there is a leak or to determine compliance with 
    Sec. 65.111(b) (pressure relief devices) or Sec. 65.112(f) (alternative 
    compressor standard).
        (d) Sensory monitoring methods. Sensory monitoring consists of 
    visual, audible, olfactory, or any other detection method used to 
    determine a potential leak to the atmosphere.
        (e) Leaking equipment identification and records. (1) When each 
    leak is detected, a weatherproof and readily visible identification 
    shall be attached to the leaking equipment.
        (2) When each leak is detected, the information specified in 
    paragraphs (e)(2)(i) and (e)(2)(ii) shall be recorded and kept pursuant 
    to Sec. 65.4(a) of subpart A of this part except the information for 
    connectors complying with the 8 year monitoring period allowed under 
    Sec. 65.108(b)(3)(iii) shall be kept 5 years beyond the date of its 
    last use.
        (i) The instrument and the equipment identification and the 
    instrument operator's name, initials, or identification number if a 
    leak is detected or confirmed by instrument monitoring.
        (ii) The date the leak was detected.
    
    [[Page 57840]]
    
    Sec. 65.105  Leak repair.
    
        (a) Leak repair schedule. The owner or operator shall repair each 
    leak detected as soon as practical but not later than 15 calendar days 
    after it is detected except as provided in paragraph (d) of this 
    section. A first attempt at repair as defined in subpart A of this part 
    shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected. 
    First attempt at repair for pumps includes, but is not limited to, 
    tightening the packing gland nuts and/or ensuring that the seal flush 
    is operating at design pressure and temperature. First attempt at 
    repair for valves includes, but is not limited to, tightening the 
    bonnet bolts, and/or replacing the bonnet bolts, and/or tightening the 
    packing gland nuts, and/or injecting lubricant into the lubricated 
    packing.
        (b) [Reserved]
        (c) Leak identification removal--(1) Valves and connectors. The 
    leak identification on a valve may be removed after it has been 
    monitored as specified in Sec. 65.106(d)(2) and no leak has been 
    detected during that monitoring. The leak identification on a connector 
    may be removed after it has been monitored as specified in 
    Sec. 65.108(b)(3)(iv) and no leak has been detected during that 
    monitoring.
        (2) Other equipment. The identification that has been placed 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.104(e)(1) on equipment determined to have a leak 
    except for a valve or for a connector that is subject to the provisions 
    of Sec. 65.108(b)(4)(i)(A) may be removed after it is repaired.
        (d) Delay of repair. Delay of repair is allowed for any of the 
    conditions specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of this 
    section. The owner or operator shall maintain a record of the facts 
    that explain any delay of repairs and, where appropriate, why the 
    repair was technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown.
        (1) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected 
    is allowed if repair within 15 days after a leak is detected is 
    technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown. Repair of this 
    equipment shall occur as soon as practical, but no later than the end 
    of the next process unit shutdown, except as provided in paragraph 
    (d)(5) of this section.
        (2) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected 
    is allowed for equipment that is isolated from the process and that 
    does not remain in regulated material service.
        (3) Delay of repair for valves, connectors, and agitators is also 
    allowed if the provisions of paragraphs (d)(3)(i) and (d)(3)(ii) of 
    this section are met.
        (i) The owner or operator determines that emissions of purged 
    material resulting from immediate repair would be greater than the 
    fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair; and
        (ii) When repair procedures are effected, the purged material is 
    collected and destroyed or recovered in a control device complying with 
    Sec. 65.115.
        (4) Delay of repair for pumps is also allowed if the provisions of 
    paragraphs (d)(4)(i) and (d)(4)(ii) of this section are met.
        (i) Repair requires replacing the existing seal design with a new 
    system that the owner or operator has determined under the provisions 
    of Sec. 65.116(d) will provide better performance or one of the 
    specifications of paragraphs (d)(4)(i)(A) through (d)(4)(i)(C) of this 
    section are met.
        (A) A dual mechanical seal system that meets the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.107(e)(1) will be installed;
        (B) A pump that meets the requirements of Sec. 65.107(e)(2) will be 
    installed; or
        (C) A system that routes emissions to a process or a fuel gas 
    system or a closed vent system and control device that meets the 
    requirements of Sec. 65.107(e)(3) will be installed; and
        (ii) Repair is completed as soon as practical but not later than 6 
    months after the leak was detected.
        (5) Delay of repair beyond a process unit shutdown will be allowed 
    for a valve if valve assembly replacement is necessary during the 
    process unit shutdown, and valve assembly supplies have been depleted, 
    and valve assembly supplies had been sufficiently stocked before the 
    supplies were depleted. Delay of repair beyond the second process unit 
    shutdown will not be allowed unless the third process unit shutdown 
    occurs sooner than 6 months after the first process unit shutdown.
        (e) Unsafe-to-repair: Connectors. Any connector that is designated 
    as described in Sec. 65.103(d) as an unsafe-to-repair connector is 
    exempt from the requirements of Sec. 65.108(d) and paragraph (a) of 
    this section if the provisions of paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this 
    section are met.
        (1) The owner or operator determines that repair personnel would be 
    exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with 
    paragraph (a) of this section; and
        (2) The connector will be repaired before the end of the next 
    scheduled process unit shutdown.
        (f) Leak repair records. For each leak detected, the information 
    specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(5) of this section shall be 
    recorded and kept pursuant to Sec. 65.4(a) of subpart A of this part.
        (1) The date of first attempt to repair the leak.
        (2) The date of successful repair of the leak.
        (3) Maximum instrument reading measured by Method 21 of 40 CFR part 
    60, appendix A, at the time the leak is successfully repaired or 
    determined to be nonrepairable.
        (4) ``Repair delayed'' and the reason for the delay if a leak is 
    not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of the leak as 
    specified in paragraphs (f)(4)(i) and (f)(4)(ii) of this section.
        (i) The owner or operator may develop a written procedure that 
    identifies the conditions that justify a delay of repair. The written 
    procedures may be included as part of the startup/shutdown/malfunction 
    plan required by Sec. 65.6 of subpart A of this part for the source or 
    may be part of a separate document that is maintained at the plant 
    site. In such cases, reasons for delay of repair may be documented by 
    citing the relevant sections of the written procedure.
        (ii) If delay of repair was caused by depletion of stocked parts, 
    there must be documentation that the spare parts were sufficiently 
    stocked onsite before depletion and the reason for depletion.
        (5) Dates of process unit shutdowns that occur while the equipment 
    is unrepaired.
    
    
    Sec. 65.106  Standards: Valves in gas/vapor service and in light liquid 
    service.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. (1) The owner or operator shall comply 
    with this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (2) The use of monitoring data generated before the regulated 
    source became subject to the referencing subpart to qualify initially 
    for less frequent monitoring is governed by the provisions of 
    Sec. 65.104(b)(6) of this subpart.
        (b) Leak detection. Unless otherwise specified in Secs. 65.102(b), 
    65.117, 65.118, or paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator 
    shall monitor all valves at the intervals specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(3) and/or (b)(4) of this section and shall comply with all other 
    provisions of this section.
        (1) Monitoring method. The valves shall be monitored to detect 
    leaks by the method specified in Sec. 65.104 (b), (c), and (e).
        (2) Instrument reading that defines a leak. The instrument reading 
    that defines a leak is 500 parts per million or greater.
        (3) Monitoring frequency. The owner or operator shall monitor 
    valves for
    
    [[Page 57841]]
    
    leaks at the intervals specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through 
    (b)(3)(v) of this section and shall keep the record specified in 
    paragraph (b)(3)(vi) of this section.
        (i) If at least the greater of two valves or 2 percent of the 
    valves in a process unit leak, as calculated according to paragraph (c) 
    of this section, the owner or operator shall monitor each valve once 
    per month.
        (ii) At process units with less than the greater of two leaking 
    valves or 2 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator shall monitor 
    each valve once each quarter except as provided in paragraphs 
    (b)(3)(iii) through (b)(3)(v) of this section. Monitoring data 
    generated before the regulated source became subject to the referencing 
    subpart and meeting the criteria of either Sec. 65.104 (b)(1) through 
    (b)(5) or Sec. 65.104(b)(6) may be used to qualify initially for less 
    frequent monitoring under paragraphs (b)(3)(iii) through (b)(3)(v) of 
    this section.
        (iii) At process units with less than 1 percent leaking valves, the 
    owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 2 
    quarters.
        (iv) At process units with less than 0.5 percent leaking valves, 
    the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 4 
    quarters.
        (v) At process units with less than 0.25 percent leaking valves, 
    the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 2 
    years.
        (vi) The owner or operator shall keep a record of the monitoring 
    schedule for each process unit.
        (4) Valve subgrouping. For a process unit or a group of process 
    units to which this subpart applies, an owner or operator may choose to 
    subdivide the valves in the applicable process unit or group of process 
    units and apply the provisions of paragraph (b)(3) of this section to 
    each subgroup. If the owner or operator elects to subdivide the valves 
    in the applicable process unit or group of process units, then the 
    provisions of paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (b)(4)(viii) of this section 
    apply.
        (i) The overall performance of total valves in the applicable 
    process unit or group of process units to be subdivided shall be less 
    than 2 percent leaking valves, as detected according to paragraphs 
    (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section and as calculated according to 
    paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and (c)(2) of this section.
        (ii) The initial assignment or subsequent reassignment of valves to 
    subgroups shall be governed by the provisions of paragraphs 
    (b)(4)(ii)(A) through (b)(4)(ii)(C) of this section.
        (A) The owner or operator shall determine which valves are assigned 
    to each subgroup. Valves with less than one year of monitoring data or 
    valves not monitored within the last 12 months must be placed initially 
    into the most frequently monitored subgroup until at least one year of 
    monitoring data have been obtained.
        (B) Any valve or group of valves can be reassigned from a less 
    frequently monitored subgroup to a more frequently monitored subgroup 
    provided that the valves to be reassigned were monitored during the 
    most recent monitoring period for the less frequently monitored 
    subgroup. The monitoring results must be included with that less 
    frequently monitored subgroup's associated percent leaking valves 
    calculation for that monitoring event.
        (C) Any valve or group of valves can be reassigned from a more 
    frequently monitored subgroup to a less frequently monitored subgroup 
    provided that the valves to be reassigned have not leaked for the 
    period of the less frequently monitored subgroup (for example, for the 
    last 12 months, if the valve or group of valves is to be reassigned to 
    a subgroup being monitored annually). Nonrepairable valves may not be 
    reassigned to a less frequently monitored subgroup.
        (iii) The owner or operator shall determine every 6 months if the 
    overall performance of total valves in the applicable process unit or 
    group of process units is less than 2 percent leaking valves and so 
    indicate the performance in the next periodic report. If the overall 
    performance of total valves in the applicable process unit or group of 
    process units is 2 percent leaking valves or greater, the owner or 
    operator shall no longer subgroup and shall revert to the program 
    required in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section for that 
    applicable process unit or group of process units. An owner or operator 
    can again elect to comply with the valve subgrouping procedures of 
    paragraph (b)(4) of this section if future overall performance of total 
    valves in the process unit or groups of process units is again less 
    than 2 percent. The overall performance of total valves in the 
    applicable process unit or group of process units shall be calculated 
    as a weighted average of the percent leaking valves of each subgroup 
    according to the following equation:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.008
    
    where:
    
    %VLO=Overall performance of total valves in the applicable 
    process unit or group of process units
    %VLi=Percent leaking valves in subgroup i, most recent value 
    calculated according to the procedures in paragraphs (c)(1)(ii) and 
    (c)(2) of this section.
    Vi=Number of valves in subgroup i.
    n=Number of subgroups.
    
        (iv) The owner or operator shall maintain records specified in 
    paragraphs (b)(4)(iv)(A) through (b)(4)(iv)(D) of this section.
        (A) Which valves are assigned to each subgroup,
        (B) Monitoring results and calculations made for each subgroup for 
    each monitoring period,
        (C) Which valves are reassigned, the last monitoring result prior 
    to reassignment, and when they were reassigned, and
        (D) The results of the semiannual overall performance calculation 
    required in paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section.
        (v) The owner or operator shall notify the Administrator no later 
    than 30 days prior to the beginning of the next monitoring period of 
    the decision to begin or end subgrouping valves. The notification shall 
    identify the participating process units and the number of valves 
    assigned to each subgroup, if applicable, and may be included in the 
    next periodic report.
        (vi) The owner or operator shall submit in the periodic reports the 
    information specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(vi)(A) and (b)(4)(vi)(B) of 
    this section.
        (A) Total number of valves in each subgroup, and
        (B) Results of the semiannual overall performance calculation 
    required by paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section.
        (vii) To determine the monitoring frequency for each subgroup, the 
    calculation procedures of paragraph (c)(2) of this section shall be 
    used.
        (viii) Except for the overall performance calculations required by 
    paragraphs (b)(4)(i) and (iii) of this section, each subgroup shall be 
    treated as if it were a separate process unit for the purposes of 
    applying the provisions of this section.
        (c) Percent leaking valves calculation.--(1) Calculation basis and 
    procedures. (i) The owner or operator
    
    [[Page 57842]]
    
    shall decide no later than the implementation date of this part or upon 
    revision of an operating permit whether to calculate percent leaking 
    valves on a process unit or group of process units basis. Once the 
    owner or operator has decided, all subsequent percentage calculations 
    shall be made on the same basis and this shall be the basis used for 
    comparison with the subgrouping criteria specified in paragraph 
    (b)(4)(i) of this section.
        (ii) The percent leaking valves for each monitoring period for each 
    process unit or valve subgroup, as provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this 
    section, shall be calculated using the following equation: where:
    
    %VL=(VL/VT)  x  100  (106-2)
    
    Where:
    
    %VL=Percent leaking valves.
    VL=Number of valves found leaking, excluding nonrepairable 
    valves as provided in paragraph (c)(3) of this section.
    VT=The sum of the total number of valves monitored.
    
        (2) Calculation for monitoring frequency. When determining 
    monitoring frequency for each process unit or valve subgroup subject to 
    monthly, quarterly, or semiannual monitoring frequencies, the percent 
    leaking valves shall be the arithmetic average of the percent leaking 
    valves from the last two monitoring periods. When determining 
    monitoring frequency for each process unit or valve subgroup subject to 
    annual or biennial (once every 2 years) monitoring frequencies, the 
    percent leaking valves shall be the arithmetic average of the percent 
    leaking valves from the last three monitoring periods.
        (3) Nonrepairable valves. (i) Nonrepairable valves shall be 
    included in the calculation of percent leaking valves the first time 
    the valve is identified as leaking and nonrepairable and as required to 
    comply with paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section. Otherwise, a number 
    of nonrepairable valves (identified and included in the percent leaking 
    valves calculation in a previous period) up to a maximum of 1 percent 
    of the total number of valves in regulated material service at a 
    process unit may be excluded from calculation of percent leaking valves 
    for subsequent monitoring periods.
        (ii) If the number of nonrepairable valves exceeds 1 percent of the 
    total number of valves in regulated material service at a process unit, 
    the number of nonrepairable valves exceeding 1 percent of the total 
    number of valves in regulated material service shall be included in the 
    calculation of percent leaking valves.
        (d) Leak repair. (1) If a leak is determined pursuant to paragraph 
    (b), (e)(1), or (e)(2) of this section, then the leak shall be repaired 
    using the procedures in Sec. 65.105, as applicable.
        (2) When a leak has been repaired, the valve shall be monitored at 
    least once within the first 3 months after its repair. The monitoring 
    required by paragraph (d) of this section is in addition to the 
    monitoring required to satisfy the definition of repair.
        (i) The monitoring shall be conducted as specified in Sec. 65.104 
    (b) and (c), as appropriate, to determine whether the valve has resumed 
    leaking.
        (ii) Periodic monitoring required by paragraph (b) of this section 
    may be used to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (d) of this 
    section if the timing of the monitoring period coincides with the time 
    specified in paragraph (d) of this section. Alternatively, other 
    monitoring may be performed to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 
    (d) of this section regardless of whether the timing of the monitoring 
    period for periodic monitoring coincides with the time specified in 
    paragraph (d) of this section.
        (iii) If a leak is detected by monitoring that is conducted 
    pursuant to paragraph (d) of this section, the owner or operator shall 
    follow the provisions of paragraphs (d)(2)(iii)(A) and (d)(2)(iii)(B) 
    of this section to determine whether that valve must be counted as a 
    leaking valve for purposes of paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
        (A) If the owner or operator elected to use periodic monitoring 
    required by paragraph (b) of this section to satisfy the requirements 
    of paragraph (d) of this section, then the valve shall be counted as a 
    leaking valve.
        (B) If the owner or operator elected to use other monitoring, prior 
    to the periodic monitoring required by paragraph (b) of this section, 
    to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section, then the 
    valve shall be counted as a leaking valve unless it is repaired and 
    shown by periodic monitoring not to be leaking.
        (e) Special provisions for valves--(1) Unsafe-to-monitor valves. 
    Any valve that is designated as described in Sec. 65.103(c)(1) as an 
    unsafe-to-monitor valve is exempt from the requirements of paragraph 
    (b) of this section and the owner or operator shall monitor the valve 
    according to the written plan specified in Sec. 65.103(c)(4).
        (2) Difficult-to-monitor valves. Any valve that is designated as 
    described in Sec. 65.103(c)(2) as a difficult-to-monitor valve is 
    exempt from the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section and the 
    owner or operator shall monitor the valve according to the written plan 
    specified in Sec. 65.103(c)(4).
        (3) Less than 250 valves. Any equipment located at a plant site 
    with fewer than 250 valves in regulated material service is exempt from 
    the requirements for monthly monitoring specified in paragraph 
    (b)(3)(i) of this section. Instead, the owner or operator shall monitor 
    each valve in regulated material service for leaks once each quarter or 
    comply with paragraph (b)(4)(iii), (b)(4)(iv), or (b)(4)(v) of this 
    section except as provided in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this 
    section.
    
    
    Sec. 65.107  Standards: Pumps in light liquid service.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Leak detection. Unless otherwise specified in Sec. 65.102(b) or 
    paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(6) of this section, the owner or operator 
    shall monitor each pump to detect leaks and shall comply with all other 
    provisions of this section.
        (1) Monitoring method. The pumps shall be monitored monthly to 
    detect leaks by the method specified in Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e).
        (2) Instrument reading that defines a leak. The instrument reading 
    that defines a leak is specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through 
    (b)(2)(iii) of this section.
        (i) 5,000 parts per million or greater for pumps handling 
    polymerizing monomers;
        (ii) 2,000 parts per million or greater for pumps in food/medical 
    service; and
        (iii) 1,000 parts per million or greater for all other pumps.
        (3) Leak repair exception. For pumps to which a 1,000 parts per 
    million leak definition applies, repair is not required unless an 
    instrument reading of 2,000 parts per million or greater is detected.
        (4) Visual inspection. Each pump shall be checked by visual 
    inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from 
    the pump seal. The owner or operator shall document that the inspection 
    was conducted and the date of the inspection. If there are indications 
    of liquids dripping from the pump seal at the time of the weekly 
    inspection, the owner or operator shall follow the procedure specified 
    in either paragraph (b)(4)(i) or (b)(4)(ii) of this section.
        (i) The owner or operator shall monitor the pump as specified in 
    Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e). If the
    
    [[Page 57843]]
    
    instrument reading indicates a leak as specified in paragraph (b)(2) of 
    this section, a leak is detected and it shall be repaired using the 
    procedures in Sec. 65.105, except as specified in paragraph (b)(3) of 
    this section; or
        (ii) The owner or operator shall eliminate the visual indications 
    of liquids dripping.
        (c) Percent leaking pumps calculation. (1) The owner or operator 
    shall decide no later than the implementation date of this part or upon 
    revision of an operating permit whether to calculate percent leaking 
    pumps on a process unit basis or group of process units basis. Once the 
    owner or operator has decided, all subsequent percentage calculations 
    shall be made on the same basis.
        (2) If, when calculated on a 6-month rolling average, at least the 
    greater of either 10 percent of the pumps in a process unit or three 
    pumps in a process unit leak, the owner or operator shall implement a 
    quality improvement program for pumps that complies with the 
    requirements of Sec. 65.116.
        (3) The number of pumps at a process unit shall be the sum of all 
    the pumps in regulated material service, except that pumps found 
    leaking in a continuous process unit within 1 month after startup of 
    the pump shall not count in the percent leaking pumps calculation for 
    that one monitoring period only.
        (4) Percent leaking pumps shall be determined by the following 
    equation:
    
    %PL = ((PL-PS)/
    (PT-PS) * 100     (107-1) where:
    
    %PL = Percent leaking pumps.
    PL = Number of pumps found leaking as determined through 
    monthly monitoring as required in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
    PS = Number of pumps leaking within 1 month of startup 
    during the current monitoring period.
    PT = Total pumps in regulated material service, including 
    those meeting the criteria in paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this 
    section.
    
        (d) Leak repair. If a leak is detected pursuant to paragraph (b) of 
    this section, then the leak shall be repaired using the procedures in 
    Sec. 65.105, as applicable, unless otherwise specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(4) of this section for leaks identified by visual indications of 
    liquids dripping.
        (e) Special provisions for pumps--(1) Dual mechanical seal pumps. 
    Each pump equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that includes a 
    barrier fluid system is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (b) 
    of this section, provided the requirements specified in paragraphs 
    (e)(1)(i) through (e)(1)(viii) of this section are met.
        (i) The owner or operator determines, based on design 
    considerations and operating experience, criteria applicable to the 
    presence and frequency of drips and to the sensor that indicates 
    failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both. The 
    owner or operator shall keep records of the design criteria and an 
    explanation of the design criteria, and any changes to these criteria 
    and the reasons for the changes.
        (ii) Each dual mechanical seal system shall meet the requirements 
    specified in paragraph (e)(1)(ii)(A), (e)(1)(ii)(B), or (e)(1)(ii)(C) 
    of this section.
        (A) Each dual mechanical seal system is operated with the barrier 
    fluid at a pressure that is at all times (except periods of start-up, 
    shutdown, or malfunction) greater than the pump stuffing box pressure; 
    or
        (B) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is 
    routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed vent 
    system to a control device that complies with the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.118; or
        (C) Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier 
    fluid into a process stream.
        (iii) The barrier fluid is not in light liquid service.
        (iv) Each barrier fluid system is equipped with a sensor that will 
    detect failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.
        (v) Each pump is checked by visual inspection each calendar week 
    for indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal. The owner or 
    operator shall document that the inspection was conducted and the date 
    of the inspection. If there are indications of liquids dripping from 
    the pump seal at the time of the weekly inspection, the owner or 
    operator shall follow the procedure specified in either paragraph 
    (e)(1)(v)(A) or (e)(1)(v)(B) of this section.
        (A) The owner or operator shall monitor the pump as specified in 
    Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e) to determine if there is a leak of 
    regulated material in the barrier fluid. If an instrument reading of 
    1,000 parts per million or greater is measured, a leak is detected and 
    it shall be repaired using the procedures in Sec. 65.105; or
        (B) The owner or operator shall eliminate the visual indications of 
    liquids dripping.
        (vi) If indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal exceed 
    the criteria established in paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section, or if 
    based on the criteria established in paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this 
    section the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier 
    fluid system, or both, a leak is detected.
        (vii) Each sensor as described in paragraph (e)(1)(iv) of this 
    section is observed daily or is equipped with an alarm unless the pump 
    is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site.
        (viii) When a leak is detected pursuant to paragraph (e)(1)(vi) of 
    this section, it shall be repaired as specified in Sec. 65.105(a).
        (2) No external shaft. Any pump that is designed with no externally 
    actuated shaft penetrating the pump housing is exempt from the 
    monitoring requirements of paragraph (b) of this section.
        (3) Routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a 
    closed vent system. Any pump that is routed to a process or fuel gas 
    system or equipped with a closed vent system that captures and 
    transports leakage from the pump to a control device meeting the 
    requirements of Sec. 65.115 is exempt from the monitoring requirements 
    of paragraph (b) of this section.
        (4) Unmanned plant site. Any pump that is located within the 
    boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual 
    inspection requirement of paragraphs (b)(4) and (e)(1)(v) of this 
    section, and the daily requirements of paragraph (e)(1)(vii) of this 
    section provided that each pump is visually inspected as often as 
    practical and at least monthly.
        (5) Ninety percent exemption. If more than 90 percent of the pumps 
    at a process unit meet the criteria in either paragraph (e)(1) or 
    (e)(2) of this section, the process unit is exempt from the 
    requirements of paragraph (b) of this section.
        (6) Unsafe-to-monitor pumps. Any pump that is designated as 
    described in Sec. 65.103(c)(1) as an unsafe-to-monitor pump is exempt 
    from the monitoring requirements of paragraph (b) of this section and 
    the repair requirements of Sec. 65.105 and the owner or operator shall 
    monitor the pump according to the written plan specified in 
    Sec. 65.103(c)(4).
    
    
    Sec. 65.108  Standards: Connectors in gas/vapor service and in light 
    liquid service.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall monitor all 
    connectors in each process unit initially for leaks by the later of 
    either 12 months after the implementation date as specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part or 12 months after initial 
    startup, whichever is later. If all connectors in each process unit 
    have been monitored for leaks prior to the implementation date 
    specified in Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part, no initial 
    monitoring is required provided either no process changes have been 
    made since the monitoring or the owner
    
    [[Page 57844]]
    
    or operator can determine that the results of the monitoring, with or 
    without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance despite process 
    changes. If required to monitor because of a process change, the owner 
    or operator is required to monitor only those connectors involved in 
    the process change.
        (b) Leak detection. Except as allowed in Sec. 65.102(b) or as 
    specified in paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall 
    monitor all connectors in gas/vapor and light liquid service as 
    specified in paragraphs (a) and (b)(3) of this section.
        (1) Monitoring method. The connectors shall be monitored to detect 
    leaks by the method specified in Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e).
        (2) Instrument reading that defines a leak. If an instrument 
    reading greater than or equal to 500 parts per million is measured, a 
    leak is detected.
        (3) Monitoring Periods. The owner or operator shall perform 
    monitoring, subsequent to the initial monitoring required in paragraph 
    (a) of this section, as specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through 
    (b)(3)(iii) of this section, and shall comply with the requirements of 
    paragraphs (b)(3)(iv) and (b)(3)(v) of this section. The required 
    period in which monitoring must be conducted shall be determined from 
    paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (b)(3)(iii) of this section using the 
    monitoring results from the preceding monitoring period. The percent 
    leaking connectors shall be calculated as specified in paragraph (c) of 
    this subpart.
        (i) If the percent leaking connectors in the process unit was 
    greater than or equal to 0.5 percent, then monitor within 12 months (1 
    year).
        (ii) If the percent leaking connectors in the process unit was 
    greater than or equal to 0.25 percent but less than 0.5 percent, then 
    monitor within 4 years. An owner or operator may comply with the 
    requirements of paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section by monitoring at 
    least 40 percent of the connectors within 2 years of the start of the 
    monitoring period, provided all connectors have been monitored by the 
    end of the 4 year monitoring period.
        (iii) If the percent leaking connectors in the process unit was 
    less than 0.25 percent, then monitor as provided in paragraph 
    (b)(3)(iii)(A) of this section and either paragraph (b)(3)(iii)(B) or 
    (b)(3)(iii)(C) of this section, as appropriate.
        (A) An owner or operator shall monitor at least 50 percent of the 
    connectors within 4 years of the start of the monitoring period.
        (B) If the percent leaking connectors calculated from the 
    monitoring results in paragraph (b)(3)(iii)(A) of this section is 
    greater than or equal to 0.35 percent of the monitored connectors, the 
    owner or operator shall monitor as soon as practical, but within the 
    next 6 months, all connectors that have not yet been monitored during 
    the monitoring period. At the conclusion of monitoring, a new 
    monitoring period shall be started pursuant to paragraph (b)(3) of this 
    section, based on the percent leaking connectors of the total monitored 
    connectors.
        (C) If the percent leaking connectors calculated from the 
    monitoring results in paragraph (b)(3)(iii)(A) of this section is less 
    than 0.35 percent of the monitored connectors, the owner or operator 
    shall monitor all connectors that have not yet been monitored within 8 
    years of the start of the monitoring period.
        (iv) If, during the monitoring conducted pursuant to paragraphs 
    (b)(3)(i) through (b)(3)(iii) of this section, a connector is found to 
    be leaking, it shall be re-monitored once within 90 days after repair 
    to confirm that it is not leaking.
        (v) The owner or operator shall keep a record of the start date and 
    end date of each monitoring period under this section for each process 
    unit.
        (c) Percent leaking connectors calculation. For use in determining 
    the monitoring frequency as specified in paragraphs (a), and (b)(3) of 
    this section, the percent leaking connectors as used in paragraphs (a) 
    and (b)(3) of this section shall be calculated by using the following 
    equation:
    
    %CL=CL/Ct*100    (108-1)
    
    Where:
    
    %CL=Percent leaking connectors as determined through 
    monitoring required in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
    CL=Number of connectors measured at 500 parts per million or 
    greater by the method specified in Sec. 65.104(b).
    Ct=Total number of monitored connectors in the process unit.
    
        (d) Leak repair. If a leak is detected pursuant to paragraphs (a) 
    and (b) of this section, then the leak shall be repaired using the 
    procedures in Sec. 65.105, as applicable.
        (e) Special provisions for connectors.--(1) Unsafe-to-monitor 
    connectors. Any connector that is designated, as described in 
    Sec. 65.103(c)(1), as an unsafe-to-monitor connector is exempt from the 
    requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section and 
    the owner or operator shall monitor according to the written plan 
    specified in Sec. 65.103(c)(4).
        (2) Inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connectors. (i) Any 
    connector that is inaccessible or that is ceramic or ceramic-lined (for 
    example, porcelain, glass, or glass-lined), is exempt from the 
    monitoring requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section and 
    from the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of Secs. 65.119 and 
    65.120. An inaccessible connector is one that meets any of the 
    provisions specified in paragraphs (e)(2)(i)(A) through (e)(2)(i)(F), 
    as applicable.
        (A) Buried;
        (B) Insulated in a manner that prevents access to the connector by 
    a monitor probe;
        (C) Obstructed by equipment or piping that prevents access to the 
    connector by a monitor probe;
        (D) Unable to be reached from a wheeled scissor-lift or hydraulic-
    type scaffold that would allow access to connectors up to 7.6 meters 
    (25 feet) above the ground.
        (E) Inaccessible because it would require elevating the monitoring 
    personnel more than 2 meters (7 feet) above a permanent support surface 
    or would require the erection of scaffold;
        (F) Not able to be accessed at any time in a safe manner to perform 
    monitoring. Unsafe access includes, but is not limited to, the use of a 
    wheeled scissor-lift on unstable or uneven terrain, the use of a 
    motorized man-lift basket in areas where an ignition potential exists, 
    or access would require near proximity to hazards such as electrical 
    lines or would risk damage to equipment.
        (ii) If any inaccessible, ceramic, or ceramic-lined connector is 
    observed by visual, audible, olfactory, or other means to be leaking, 
    the visual, audible, olfactory, or other indications of a leak to the 
    atmosphere shall be eliminated as soon as practical.
    
    
    Sec. 65.109  Standards: Agitators in gas/vapor service and in light 
    liquid service.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Leak detection.--(1) Monitoring method. Each agitator seal 
    shall be monitored monthly to detect leaks by the methods specified in 
    Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e) except as provided in Sec. 65.102(b).
        (2) Instrument reading that defines a leak. If an instrument 
    reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater is measured, a leak is 
    detected.
        (3) Visual inspection. Each agitator seal shall be checked by 
    visual
    
    [[Page 57845]]
    
    inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from 
    the agitator seal. If there are indications of liquids dripping from 
    the agitator seal, the owner or operator shall follow the procedure 
    specified in either paragraph (b)(3)(ii)(A) or (b)(3)(ii)(B) of this 
    section.
        (A) The owner or operator shall monitor the agitator seal as 
    specified in Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e) to determine if there is a 
    leak of regulated material. If an instrument reading of 10,000 parts 
    per million or greater is measured, a leak is detected, and it shall be 
    repaired using the procedures in Sec. 65.105;
        (B) The owner or operator shall eliminate the indications of 
    liquids dripping from the pump seal.
        (c) [Reserved]
        (d) Leak repair. If a leak is detected, then the leak shall be 
    repaired using the procedures in Sec. 65.105(a).
        (e) Special provisions for agitators--(1) Dual mechanical seal. 
    Each agitator equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that includes 
    a barrier fluid system is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (b) 
    of this section provided the requirements specified in paragraphs 
    (e)(1)(i) through (e)(1)(vi) of this section are met.
        (i) Each dual mechanical seal system shall meet the applicable 
    requirement specified in paragraph (e)(1)(i)(A), (e)(1)(i)(B), or 
    (e)(1)(i)(C) of this section.
        (A) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is at all 
    times (except during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction) 
    greater than the agitator stuffing box pressure; or
        (B) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is 
    routed to a process or fuel gas system, or connected by a closed vent 
    system to a control device that meets the requirements of Sec. 65.115; 
    or
        (C) Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier 
    fluid into a process stream.
        (ii) The barrier fluid is not in light liquid service.
        (iii) Each barrier fluid system is equipped with a sensor that will 
    detect failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.
        (iv) Each agitator seal is checked by visual inspection each 
    calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the agitator 
    seal. If there are indications of liquids dripping from the agitator 
    seal at the time of the weekly inspection, the owner or operator shall 
    follow the procedure specified in either paragraph (e)(1)(iv)(A) or 
    (e)(1)(iv)(B) of this section.
        (A) The owner or operator shall monitor the agitator seal as 
    specified in Sec. 65.104(b) (c), and (e), to determine the presence of 
    regulated material in the barrier fluid. If an instrument reading of 
    10,000 parts per million or greater is measured, a leak is detected and 
    it shall be repaired using the procedures in Sec. 65.105; or
        (B) The owner or operator shall eliminate the visual indications of 
    liquids dripping.
        (v) Each sensor as described in paragraph (e)(1)(iii) of this 
    section is observed daily or is equipped with an alarm unless the 
    agitator seal is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site.
        (vi) The owner or operator of each dual mechanical seal system 
    shall meet the requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1)(vi)(A) and 
    (e)(1)(vi)(B).
        (A) The owner or operator shall determine based on design 
    considerations and operating experience criteria that indicates failure 
    of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both and that are 
    applicable to the presence and frequency of drips. If indications of 
    liquids dripping from the agitator seal exceed the criteria, or if 
    based on the criteria the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, 
    the barrier fluid system, or both, a leak is detected and shall be 
    repaired pursuant to Sec. 65.105, as applicable.
        (B) The owner or operator shall keep records of the design criteria 
    and an explanation of the design criteria, and any changes to these 
    criteria and the reasons for the changes.
        (2) No external shaft. Any agitator that is designed with no 
    externally actuated shaft penetrating the agitator housing is exempt 
    from paragraph (b) of this section.
        (3) Routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a 
    closed vent system. Any agitator that is routed to a process or fuel 
    gas system or equipped with a closed vent system that captures and 
    transports leakage from the agitator to a control device meeting the 
    requirements of Sec. 65.115 is exempt from the requirements of 
    paragraph (b) of this section.
        (4) Unmanned plant site. Any agitator that is located within the 
    boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual 
    inspection requirement of paragraphs (b)(3) and (e)(1)(iv) of this 
    section, and the daily requirements of paragraph (e)(1)(v) of this 
    section provided that each agitator is visually inspected as often as 
    practical and at least monthly.
        (5) Difficult-to-monitor agitator seals. Any agitator seal that is 
    designated as described in Sec. 65.103(c)(2) as a difficult-to-monitor 
    agitator seal is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (b) of this 
    section and the owner or operator shall monitor the agitator seal 
    according to the written plan specified in Sec. 65.103(c)(4).
        (6) Equipment obstructions. Any agitator seal that is obstructed by 
    equipment or piping that prevents access to the agitator by a monitor 
    probe is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraph (b) of 
    this section.
        (7) Unsafe-to-monitor agitator seals. Any agitator seal that is 
    designated as described in Sec. 65.103(c)(1)(i) as an unsafe-to-monitor 
    agitator seal is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (b) of this 
    section and the owner or operator of the agitator seal monitors the 
    agitator seal according to the written plan specified in 
    Sec. 65.103(c)(4).
    
    
    Sec. 65.110  Standards: Pumps, valves, connectors, and agitators in 
    heavy liquid service; pressure relief devices in liquid service; and 
    instrumentation systems.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Leak detection (1) Monitoring method. Pumps, valves, 
    connectors, and agitators in heavy liquid service; pressure relief 
    devices in light liquid or heavy liquid service; and instrumentation 
    systems shall be monitored within 5 calendar days by the method 
    specified in Sec. 65.104 (b), (c), and (e) if evidence of a potential 
    leak to the atmosphere is found by visual, audible, olfactory, or any 
    other detection method, unless the potential leak is repaired as 
    required in paragraph (c) of this section.
        (2) Instrument reading that defines a leak. If an instrument 
    reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater for agitators, 5,000 
    parts per million or greater for pumps handling polymerizing monomers, 
    2,000 parts per million or greater for pumps in food/medical service, 
    1,000 parts per million or greater for all other pumps, or 500 parts 
    per million or greater for valves, connectors, instrumentation systems, 
    and pressure relief devices is measured pursuant to paragraph (b)(1) of 
    this section, a leak is detected and it shall be repaired pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.105, as applicable.
        (c) Leak Repair. For equipment identified in paragraph (b) of this 
    section that is not monitored by the method specified in 
    Sec. 65.104(b), repaired shall mean that the visual, audible, 
    olfactory, or other indications of a leak to the atmosphere have been 
    eliminated; that no bubbles are observed at potential leak sites during 
    a leak
    
    [[Page 57846]]
    
    check using soap solution; or that the system will hold a test 
    pressure.
    
    
    Sec. 65.111  Standards: Pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Compliance standard. Except during pressure releases as 
    provided for in paragraph (c) of this section, each pressure relief 
    device in gas/vapor service shall be operated with an instrument 
    reading of less than 500 parts per million as measured by the method 
    specified in Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e).
        (c) Pressure relief requirements.  (1) After each pressure release, 
    the pressure relief device shall be returned to a condition indicated 
    by an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million, as soon as 
    practical, but no later than 5 calendar days after each pressure 
    release except as provided in Sec. 65.105(d).
        (2) The pressure relief device shall be monitored no later than 5 
    calendar days after the pressure release and being returned to 
    regulated material service to confirm the condition indicated by an 
    instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million as measured by 
    the method specified in Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e).
        (3) The owner or operator shall record the dates and results of the 
    monitoring required by paragraph (c)(2) of this section following a 
    pressure release including maximum instrument reading measured during 
    the monitoring and the background level measured if the instrument 
    reading is adjusted for background.
        (d) Pressure relief devices routed to a process or fuel gas system 
    or equipped with a closed vent system and control device. Any pressure 
    relief device that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or 
    equipped with a closed vent system capable of capturing and 
    transporting leakage from the pressure relief device to a control 
    device meeting the requirements of either Secs. 65.115 or 65.102(b) is 
    exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
        (e) Rupture disk exemption. Any pressure relief device that is 
    equipped with a rupture disk upstream of the pressure relief device is 
    exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section 
    provided the owner or operator installs a replacement rupture disk 
    upstream of the pressure relief device as soon as practical after each 
    pressure release, but no later than 5 calendar days after each pressure 
    release except as provided in Sec. 65.105(d).
    
    
    Sec. 65.112  Standards: Compressors.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Seal system standard. Each compressor shall be equipped with a 
    seal system that includes a barrier fluid system and that prevents 
    leakage of process fluid to the atmosphere except as provided in 
    Sec. 65.102(b) and paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section. Each 
    compressor seal system shall meet the applicable requirements specified 
    in paragraph (b)(1), (b)(2), or (b)(3) of this section.
        (1) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is greater 
    than the compressor stuffing box pressure at all times (except during 
    periods of start-up, shutdown, or malfunction); or
        (2) Equipped with a barrier fluid system degassing reservoir that 
    is routed to a process or fuel gas system, or connected by a closed 
    vent system to a control device that meets the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.115; or
        (3) Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier 
    fluid directly into a process stream.
        (c) Barrier fluid system. The barrier fluid shall not be in light 
    liquid service. Each barrier fluid system shall be equipped with a 
    sensor that will detect failure of the seal system, barrier fluid 
    system, or both. Each sensor shall be observed daily or shall be 
    equipped with an alarm unless the compressor is located within the 
    boundary of an unmanned plant site.
        (d) Failure criterion and leak detection. (1) The owner or operator 
    shall determine based on design considerations and operating experience 
    a criterion that indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier 
    fluid system, or both. If the sensor indicates failure of the seal 
    system, the barrier fluid system, or both based on the criterion, a 
    leak is detected and shall be repaired pursuant to Sec. 65.105, as 
    applicable.
        (2) The owner or operator shall keep records of the design criteria 
    and an explanation of the design criteria, and any changes to these 
    criteria and the reasons for the changes.
        (e) Routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a 
    closed vent system. A compressor is exempt from the requirements of 
    paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section if it is equipped with a 
    system to capture and transport leakage from the compressor drive shaft 
    seal to a process or a fuel gas system or to a closed vent system that 
    captures and transports leakage from the compressor to a control device 
    meeting the requirements of Sec. 65.115.
        (f) Alternative compressor standard. (1) Any compressor that is 
    designated as described in Sec. 65.103(e) shall operate at all times 
    with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million . A 
    compressor so designated is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs 
    (b) through (d) of this section if the compressor is demonstrated 
    initially upon designation, annually, and at other times requested by 
    the Administrator to be operating with an instrument reading of less 
    than 500 parts per million as measured by the method specified in 
    Sec. 65.104(b), (c), and (e). A compressor may not be designated or 
    operated as having an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per 
    million as described in Sec. 65.103(e) if the compressor has a maximum 
    instrument reading greater than 500 parts per million.
        (2) The owner or operator shall record the dates and results of 
    each compliance test including the background level measured and the 
    maximum instrument reading measured during each compliance test.
    
    
    Sec. 65.113  Standards: Sampling connection systems.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Equipment requirement. Each sampling connection system shall be 
    equipped with a closed-purge, closed-loop, or closed vent system except 
    as provided in paragraph (d) of this section or Sec. 65.102(b). Gases 
    displaced during filling of the sample container are not required to be 
    collected or captured.
        (c) Equipment design and operation. Each closed-purge, closed-loop, 
    or closed vent system as required in paragraph (b) of this section 
    shall meet the applicable requirements specified in paragraphs (c)(1) 
    through (c)(5) of this section.
        (1) The system shall return the purged process fluid directly to a 
    process line or to a fuel gas system; or
        (2) Collect and recycle the purged process fluid to a process; or
        (3) Be designed and operated to capture and transport all the 
    purged process fluid to a control device that meets the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.115; or
        (4) Collect, store, and transport the purged process fluid to a 
    system or facility identified in paragraph (c)(4)(i), (c)(4)(ii), or 
    (c)(4)(iii) of this section.
        (i) A waste management unit as defined in 40 CFR 63.111 of subpart 
    G, if the waste management unit is
    
    [[Page 57847]]
    
    complying with the provisions of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G, applicable 
    to Group 1 wastewater streams. For sources referenced to this part from 
    40 CFR part 63, subpart H, and if the purged process fluid does not 
    contain any organic HAP listed in table 9 of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G, 
    the waste management unit need not be subject to and operated in 
    compliance with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G, 
    applicable to Group 1 wastewater steams provided the facility has a 
    National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit or sends 
    the wastewater to an NPDES-permitted facility.
        (ii) A treatment, storage, or disposal facility subject to 
    regulation under 40 CFR parts 262, 264, 265, or 266; or
        (iii) A facility permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to 
    manage municipal or industrial solid waste, if the process fluids are 
    not hazardous waste as defined in 40 CFR part 261.
        (5) Containers that are part of a closed-purge system must be 
    covered or closed when not being filled or emptied.
        (d) In-situ sampling systems. In-situ sampling systems and sampling 
    systems without purges are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs 
    (b) and (c) of this section.
    
    
    Sec. 65.114  Standards: Open-ended valves or lines.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Equipment and operational requirements. (1) Each open-ended 
    valve or line shall be equipped with a cap, blind flange, plug, or a 
    second valve except as provided in Sec. 65.102(b) and paragraphs (c) 
    and (d) of this section. The cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve 
    shall seal the open end at all times except during operations requiring 
    process fluid flow through the open-ended valve or line, or during 
    maintenance. The operational provisions of paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) 
    of this section also apply.
        (2) Each open-ended valve or line equipped with a second valve 
    shall be operated in a manner such that the valve on the process fluid 
    end is closed before the second valve is closed.
        (3) When a double block and bleed system is being used, the bleed 
    valve or line may remain open during operations that require venting 
    the line between the block valves but shall comply with paragraph 
    (b)(1) of this section at all other times.
        (c) Emergency shutdown exemption. Open-ended valves or lines in an 
    emergency shutdown system that are designed to open automatically in 
    the event of a process upset are exempt from the requirements of 
    paragraph (b) of this section.
        (d) Polymerizing materials exemption. Open-ended valves or lines 
    containing materials that would autocatalytically polymerize or would 
    present an explosion, serious over pressure, or other safety hazard if 
    capped or equipped with a double block and bleed system as specified in 
    paragraph (b) of this section are exempt from the requirements of 
    paragraph (b) of this section.
    
    
    Sec. 65.115  Standards: Closed vent systems and control devices; or 
    emissions routed to a fuel gas system or process.
    
        (a) Compliance schedule. The owner or operator shall comply with 
    this section no later than the implementation date specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part.
        (b) Compliance standard. (1) Owners or operators of closed vent 
    systems and nonflare control devices used to comply with provisions of 
    this subpart shall design and operate the closed vent systems and 
    nonflare control devices to reduce emissions of regulated material with 
    an efficiency of 95 percent or greater or to reduce emissions of 
    regulated material to a concentration of 20 parts per million by volume 
    or, for an enclosed combustion device, to provide a minimum residence 
    time of 0.50 second at a minimum of 760  deg.C (1400  deg.F). Owners 
    and operators of closed vent systems and nonflare control devices used 
    to comply with this part shall comply with the provisions of 
    Sec. 65.142(d) of subpart G of this part, except as provided in 
    Sec. 65.102(b). Note that this includes the startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction plan specified in Sec. 65.6.
        (2) Owners or operators of closed vent systems and flares used to 
    comply with the provisions of this subpart shall design and operate the 
    flare as specified in Sec. 65.142(d) of subpart G of this part, except 
    as provided in Sec. 65.102(b). Note that this includes the startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction plan specified in Sec. 65.6.
        (3) Owners or operators routing emissions from equipment leaks to a 
    fuel gas system or process shall comply with the provisions of 
    Sec. 65.142(d) of subpart G of this part, except as provided in 
    Sec. 65.102(b).
    
    
    Sec. 65.116  Quality improvement program for pumps.
    
        (a) Criteria. If, on a 6-month rolling average, at least the 
    greater of either 10 percent of the pumps in a process unit (or plant 
    site) or three pumps in a process unit (or plant site) leak, the owner 
    or operator shall comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs 
    (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section.
        (1) Pumps that are in food/medical service or in polymerizing 
    monomer service shall comply with all requirements except for those 
    specified in paragraph (d)(8) of this section.
        (2) Pumps that are not in food/medical or polymerizing monomer 
    service shall comply with all requirements of this section.
        (b) Exiting the QIP. The owner or operator shall comply with the 
    requirements of this section until the number of leaking pumps is less 
    than the greater of either 10 percent of the pumps or three pumps 
    calculated as a 6-month rolling average in the process unit (or plant 
    site). Once the performance level is achieved, the owner or operator 
    shall comply with the requirements in Sec. 65.107.
        (c) Resumption of QIP. If in a subsequent monitoring period, the 
    process unit (or plant site) has greater than 10 percent of the pumps 
    leaking or three pumps leaking (calculated as a 6-month rolling 
    average), the owner or operator shall resume the quality improvement 
    program starting at performance trials.
        (d) QIP requirements. The quality improvement program shall meet 
    the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(8) of this 
    section.
        (1) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in 
    Sec. 65.107.
        (2) Data collection. The owner or operator shall collect the data 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(v) of this section and 
    maintain records for each pump in each process unit (or plant site) 
    subject to the quality improvement program. The data may be collected 
    and the records may be maintained on a process unit or plant site 
    basis.
        (i) Pump type (for example, piston, horizontal or vertical 
    centrifugal, gear, bellows); pump manufacturer; seal type and 
    manufacturer; pump design (for example, external shaft, flanged body); 
    materials of construction; if applicable, barrier fluid or packing 
    material; and year installed.
        (ii) Service characteristics of the stream such as discharge 
    pressure, temperature, flow rate, corrosivity, and annual operating 
    hours.
        (iii) The maximum instrument readings observed in each monitoring 
    observation before repair, response factor for the stream if 
    appropriate, instrument model number, and date of the observation.
    
    [[Page 57848]]
    
        (iv) If a leak is detected, the repair methods used and the 
    instrument readings after repair.
        (v) If the data will be analyzed as part of a larger analysis 
    program involving data from other plants or other types of process 
    units, a description of any maintenance or quality assurance programs 
    used in the process unit that are intended to improve emission 
    performance.
        (3) The owner or operator shall continue to collect data on the 
    pumps as long as the process unit (or plant site) remains in the 
    quality improvement program.
        (4) Pump or pump seal inspection. The owner or operator shall 
    inspect all pumps or pump seals that exhibited frequent seal failures 
    and were removed from the process unit due to leaks. The inspection 
    shall determine the probable cause of the pump seal failure or of the 
    pump leak and shall include recommendations, as appropriate, for design 
    changes or changes in specifications to reduce leak potential.
        (5) Data analysis. (i) The owner or operator shall analyze the data 
    collected to comply with the requirements of paragraph (d)(2) of this 
    section to determine the services, operating or maintenance practices, 
    and pump or pump seal designs or technologies that have poorer than 
    average emission performance and those that have better than average 
    emission performance. The analysis shall determine if specific trouble 
    areas can be identified on the basis of service, operating conditions 
    or maintenance practices, equipment design, or other process-specific 
    factors.
        (ii) The analysis shall also be used to determine if there are 
    superior performing pump or pump seal technologies that are applicable 
    to the service(s), operating conditions, or pump or pump seal designs 
    associated with poorer than average emission performance. A superior 
    performing pump or pump seal technology is one with a leak frequency of 
    less than 10 percent for specific applications in the process unit or 
    plant site. A candidate superior performing pump or pump seal 
    technology is one demonstrated or reported in the available literature 
    or through a group study as having low emission performance and as 
    being capable of achieving less than 10 percent leaking pumps in the 
    process unit (or plant site).
        (iii) The analysis shall include consideration of the information 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(5)(iii)(A) through (d)(5)(iii)(C) of this 
    section.
        (A) The data obtained from the inspections of pumps and pump seals 
    removed from the process unit due to leaks;
        (B) Information from the available literature and from the 
    experience of other plant sites that will identify pump designs or 
    technologies and operating conditions associated with low emission 
    performance for specific services; and
        (C) Information on limitations on the service conditions for the 
    spump seal technology operating conditions as well as information on 
    maintenance procedures to ensure continued low emission performance.
        (iv) The data analysis may be conducted through an inter- or 
    intracompany program (or through some combination of the two 
    approaches) and may be for a single process unit, a plant site, a 
    company, or a group of process units.
        (v) The first analysis of the data shall be completed no later than 
    18 months after the start of the quality improvement program. The first 
    analysis shall be performed using data collected for a minimum of 6 
    months. An analysis of the data shall be done each year the process 
    unit is in the quality improvement program.
        (6) Trial evaluation program. A trial evaluation program shall be 
    conducted at each plant site for which the data analysis does not 
    identify use of superior performing pump seal technology or pumps that 
    can be applied to the areas identified as having poorer than average 
    performance except as provided in paragraph (d)(6)(v) of this section. 
    The trial program shall be used to evaluate the feasibility of using in 
    the process unit (or plant site) the pump designs or seal technologies, 
    and operating and maintenance practices that have been identified by 
    others as having low emission performance.
        (i) The trial evaluation program shall include on-line trials of 
    pump seal technologies or pump designs and operating and maintenance 
    practices that have been identified in the available literature or in 
    analysis by others as having the ability to perform with leak rates 
    below 10 percent in similar services, as having low probability of 
    failure, or as having no external actuating mechanism in contact with 
    the process fluid. If any of the candidate superior performing pump 
    seal technologies or pumps is not included in the performance trials, 
    the reasons for rejecting specific technologies from consideration 
    shall be documented as required in paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this 
    section.
        (ii) The number of pump seal technologies or pumps in the trial 
    evaluation program shall be the lesser of 1 percent or two pumps for 
    programs involving single process units and the lesser of 1 percent or 
    five pumps for programs involving a plant site or groups of process 
    units. The minimum number of pumps or pump seal technologies in a trial 
    program shall be one.
        (iii) The trial evaluation program shall specify and include 
    documentation of the information specified in paragraphs (d)(6)(iii)(A) 
    through (d)(6)(iii)(D) of this section.
        (A) The candidate superior performing pump seal designs or 
    technologies to be evaluated, the stages for evaluating the identified 
    candidate pump designs or pump seal technologies, including the time 
    period necessary to test the applicability;
        (B) The frequency of monitoring or inspection of the equipment;
        (C) The range of operating conditions over which the component will 
    be evaluated; and
        (D) Conclusions regarding the emission performance and the 
    appropriate operating conditions and services for the trial pump seal 
    technologies or pumps.
        (iv) The performance trials shall initially be conducted at least 
    for a 6-month period beginning not later than 18 months after the start 
    of the quality improvement program. No later than 24 months after the 
    start of the quality improvement program, the owner or operator shall 
    have identified pump seal technologies or pump designs that combined 
    with appropriate process, operating, and maintenance practices operate 
    with low emission performance for specific applications in the process 
    unit. The owner or operator shall continue to conduct performance 
    trials as long as no superior performing design or technology has been 
    identified except as provided in paragraph (d)(6)(vi) of this section. 
    The initial list of superior emission performance pump designs or pump 
    seal technologies shall be amended in the future, as appropriate, as 
    additional information and experience are obtained.
        (v) Any plant site with fewer than 400 valves and owned by a 
    corporation with fewer than 100 employees shall be exempt from trial 
    evaluations of pump seals or pump designs. Plant sites exempt from the 
    trial evaluations of pumps shall begin the pump seal or pump 
    replacement program at the start of the fourth year of the quality 
    improvement program.
        (vi) An owner or operator who has conducted performance trials on 
    all alternative superior emission performance technologies suitable for 
    the required applications in the process unit may stop conducting 
    performance
    
    [[Page 57849]]
    
    trials provided that a superior performing design or technology has 
    been demonstrated or there are no technically feasible alternative 
    superior technologies remaining. The owner or operator shall prepare an 
    engineering evaluation documenting the physical, chemical, or 
    engineering basis for the judgment that the superior emission 
    performance technology is technically infeasible or demonstrating that 
    it would not reduce emissions.
        (7) Quality assurance program. Each owner or operator shall prepare 
    and implement a pump quality assurance program that details purchasing 
    specifications and maintenance procedures for all pumps and pump seals 
    in the process unit. The quality assurance program may establish any 
    number of categories, or classes, of pumps as needed to distinguish 
    among operating conditions and services associated with poorer than 
    average emission performance as well as those associated with better 
    than average emission performance. The quality assurance program shall 
    be developed considering the findings of the data analysis required 
    under paragraph (d)(5) of this section, if applicable, the findings of 
    the trial evaluation required in paragraph (d)(6) of this section, and 
    the operating conditions in the process unit. The quality assurance 
    program shall be updated each year as long as the process unit has the 
    greater of either 10 percent or more leaking pumps or has three leaking 
    pumps.
        (i) The quality assurance program shall meet the requirements 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(7)(i)(A) through (d)(7)(i)(D) of this 
    section.
        (A) Establish minimum design standards for each category of pumps 
    or pump seal technology. The design standards shall specify known 
    critical parameters such as tolerance, manufacturer, materials of 
    construction, previous usage, or other applicable identified critical 
    parameters;
        (B) Require that all equipment orders specify the design standard 
    (or minimum tolerances) for the pump or the pump seal;
        (C) Provide for an audit procedure for quality control of purchased 
    equipment to ensure conformance with purchase specifications. The audit 
    program may be conducted by the owner or operator of the plant site or 
    process unit or by a designated representative; and
        (D) Detail off-line pump maintenance and repair procedures. These 
    procedures shall include provisions to ensure that rebuilt or 
    refurbished pumps and pump seals will meet the design specifications 
    for the pump category and will operate so that emissions are minimized.
        (ii) The quality assurance program shall be established no later 
    than the start of the third year of the quality improvement program for 
    plant sites with 400 or more valves or 100 or more employees, and no 
    later than the start of the fourth year of the quality improvement 
    program for plant sites with less than 400 valves and less than 100 
    employees.
        (8) Pump or pump seal replacement. Beginning at the start of the 
    third year of the quality improvement program for plant sites with 400 
    or more valves or 100 or more employees and at the start of the fourth 
    year of the quality improvement program for plant sites with less than 
    400 valves and less than 100 employees, the owner or operator shall 
    replace as described in paragraphs (d)(8)(i) and (d)(8)(ii) of this 
    section the pumps or pump seals that are not superior emission 
    performance technology with pumps or pump seals that have been 
    identified as superior emission performance technology and that comply 
    with the quality assurance standards for the pump category. Superior 
    emission performance technology is that category or design of pumps or 
    pump seals with emission performance that when combined with 
    appropriate process, operating, and maintenance practices will result 
    in less than 10 percent leaking pumps for specific applications in the 
    process unit or plant site. Superior emission performance technology 
    includes material or design changes to the existing pump, pump seal, 
    seal support system, installation of multiple mechanical seals or 
    equivalent, or pump replacement.
        (i) Pumps or pump seals shall be replaced at the rate of 20 percent 
    per year based on the total number of pumps in light liquid service. 
    The calculated value shall be rounded to the nearest nonzero integer 
    value. The minimum number of pumps or pump seals shall be one. Pump 
    replacement shall continue until all pumps subject to the requirements 
    of Sec. 65.107 are pumps determined to be superior performance 
    technology.
        (ii) The owner or operator may delay replacement of pump seals or 
    pumps with superior technology until the next planned process unit 
    shutdown provided the number of pump seals and pumps replaced is 
    equivalent to the 20 percent or greater annual replacement rate.
        (iii) The pumps shall be maintained as specified in the quality 
    assurance program.
        (e) QIP recordkeeping. In addition to the records required by 
    paragraph (d)(2) of this section, the owner or operator shall maintain 
    records for the period of the quality improvement program for the 
    process unit as specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(6) of this 
    section.
        (1) When using a pump quality improvement program as specified in 
    this section, record the information specified in paragraphs (e)(1)(i) 
    through (e)(1)(iii) of this section.
        (i) The rolling average percent leaking pumps.
        (ii) Documentation of all inspections conducted under the 
    requirements of paragraph (d)(4) of this section and any 
    recommendations for design or specification changes to reduce leak 
    frequency.
        (iii) The beginning and ending dates while meeting the requirements 
    of paragraph (d) of this section.
        (2) If a leak is not repaired within 15 calendar days after 
    discovery of the leak, the reason for the delay and the expected date 
    of successful repair.
        (3) Records of all analyses required in paragraph (d) of this 
    section. The records will include the information specified in 
    paragraphs (e)(3)(i) through (e)(3)(iv) of this section.
        (i) A list identifying areas associated with poorer than average 
    performance and the associated service characteristics of the stream, 
    the operating conditions, and the maintenance practices.
        (ii) The reasons for rejecting specific candidate superior emission 
    performing pump technology from performance trials.
        (iii) The list of candidate superior emission performing valve or 
    pump technologies and documentation of the performance trial program 
    items required under paragraph (d)(6)(iii) of this section.
        (iv) The beginning date and duration of performance trials of each 
    candidate superior emission performing technology.
        (4) All records documenting the quality assurance program for pumps 
    as specified in paragraph (d)(7) of this section, including records 
    indicating that all pumps replaced or modified during the period of the 
    quality improvement program are in compliance with the quality 
    assurance.
        (5) Records documenting compliance with the 20 percent or greater 
    annual replacement rate for pumps as specified in paragraph (d)(8) of 
    this section.
        (6) Information and data to show the corporation has fewer than 100 
    employees, including employees
    
    [[Page 57850]]
    
    providing professional and technical contracted services.
    
    
    Sec. 65.117  Alternative means of emission limitation: Batch processes.
    
        (a) General requirement. As an alternative to complying with the 
    requirements of Secs. 65.106 through 65.114 and 65.116, an owner or 
    operator of a batch process that operates in regulated material service 
    during the calendar year may comply with one of the standards specified 
    in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, or the owner or operator may 
    petition for approval of an alternative standard under the provisions 
    of Sec. 65.102(b). The alternative standards of this section provide 
    the options of pressure testing or monitoring the equipment for leaks. 
    The owner or operator may switch among the alternatives provided the 
    change is documented as specified in paragraph (b)(7) of this section.
        (b) Pressure testing of the batch equipment. The following 
    requirements shall be met if an owner or operator elects to use 
    pressure testing of batch product-process equipment to demonstrate 
    compliance with this subpart.
        (1) Reconfiguration. Each time equipment is reconfigured for 
    production of a different product or intermediate, the batch product-
    process equipment train shall be pressure-tested for leaks before 
    regulated material is first fed to the equipment and the equipment is 
    placed in regulated material service.
        (i) When the batch product-process equipment train is reconfigured 
    to produce a different product, pressure testing is required only for 
    the new or disturbed equipment.
        (ii) Each batch product-process that operates in regulated material 
    service during a calendar year shall be pressure-tested at least once 
    during that calendar year.
        (iii) Pressure testing is not required for routine seal breaks, 
    such as changing hoses or filters, that are not part of the 
    reconfiguration to produce a different product or intermediate.
        (2) Testing procedures. The batch product-process equipment shall 
    be tested either using the procedures specified in paragraph (b)(5) of 
    this section for pressure vacuum loss or with a liquid using the 
    procedures specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section.
        (3) Leak detection. (i) For pressure or vacuum tests using a gas, a 
    leak is detected if the rate of change in pressure is greater than 6.9 
    kilopascals (1 pound per square inch gauge) in 1 hour or if there is 
    visible, audible, or olfactory evidence of fluid loss.
        (ii) For pressure tests using a liquid, a leak is detected if there 
    are indications of liquids dripping or if there is other evidence of 
    fluid loss.
        (4) Leak repair. (i) If a leak is detected, it shall be repaired 
    and the batch product-process equipment shall be retested before 
    startup of the process.
        (ii) If a batch product-process fails the retest or the second of 
    two consecutive pressure tests, it shall be repaired as soon as 
    practical but not later than 30 calendar days after the second pressure 
    test except as specified in paragraph (e) of this section.
        (5) Gas pressure test procedure for pressure or vacuum loss. The 
    procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(5)(i) through (b)(5)(v) of this 
    section shall be used to pressure test batch product-process equipment 
    for pressure or vacuum loss to demonstrate compliance with the 
    requirements of paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section.
        (i) The batch product-process equipment train shall be pressurized 
    with a gas to a pressure less than the set pressure of any safety 
    relief devices or valves or to a pressure slightly above the operating 
    pressure of the equipment, or alternatively the equipment shall be 
    placed under a vacuum.
        (ii) Once the test pressure is obtained, the gas source or vacuum 
    source shall be shut off.
        (iii) The test shall continue for not less than 15 minutes unless 
    it can be determined in a shorter period of time that the allowable 
    rate of pressure drop or of pressure rise was exceeded. The pressure in 
    the batch product-process equipment shall be measured after the gas or 
    vacuum source is shut off and at the end of the test period. The rate 
    of change in pressure in the batch product-process equipment shall be 
    calculated using the following equation:
    
    (P/t)=(|Pf-Pi|)/
    (tf-ti)  (117-1)
    
    Where:
    
    (P/t)=Change in pressure, pounds per square inch gauge/hr.
    Pf=Final pressure, pounds per square inch gauge.
    Pi=Initial pressure, pounds per square inch gauge.
    tf-ti=Elapsed time, hours.
    
        (iv) The pressure shall be measured using a pressure measurement 
    device (gauge, manometer, or equivalent) that has a precision of 
    #2.5 millimeters mercury (0.10 inch of mercury) in the range 
    of test pressure and is capable of measuring pressures up to the relief 
    set pressure of the pressure relief device. If such a pressure 
    measurement device is not reasonably available, the owner or operator 
    shall use a pressure measurement device with a precision of at least 
    10 percent of the test pressure of the equipment and shall 
    extend the duration of the test for the time necessary to detect a 
    pressure loss or rise that equals a rate of 1 pound per square inch 
    gauge per hour (7 kilopascals per hour).
        (v) An alternative procedure may be used for leak testing the 
    equipment if the owner or operator demonstrates the alternative 
    procedure is capable of detecting a pressure loss or rise.
        (6) Pressure test procedure using test liquid. The procedures 
    specified in paragraphs (b)(6)(i) through (b)(g)(iv) of this section 
    shall be used to pressure test batch product-process equipment using a 
    liquid to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of paragraph 
    (b)(3)(ii) of this section.
        (i) The batch product-process equipment train or section of the 
    equipment train shall be filled with the test liquid (for example, 
    water, alcohol) until normal operating pressure is obtained. Once the 
    equipment is filled, the liquid source shall be shut off.
        (ii) The test shall be conducted for a period of at least 60 
    minutes unless it can be determined in a shorter period of time that 
    the test is a failure.
        (iii) Each seal in the equipment being tested shall be inspected 
    for indications of liquid dripping or other indications of fluid loss. 
    If there are any indications of liquids dripping or of fluid loss, a 
    leak is detected.
        (iv) An alternative procedure may be used for leak testing the 
    equipment if the owner or operator demonstrates the alternative 
    procedure is capable of detecting losses of fluid.
        (7) Pressure testing recordkeeping. The owner or operator of a 
    batch product-process who elects to pressure test the batch product-
    process equipment train to demonstrate compliance with this subpart 
    shall maintain records of the information specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(7)(i) through (b)(7)(v) of this section.
        (i) The identification of each product or product code produced 
    during the calendar year. It is not necessary to identify individual 
    items of equipment in a batch product-process equipment train.
        (ii) Physical tagging of the equipment to identify that it is in 
    regulated material service and subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart is not required. Equipment in a batch product-process subject 
    to the provisions of this subpart may be identified on a plant site 
    plan, in log entries, or by other appropriate methods.
        (iii) The dates of each pressure test required in paragraph (b) of 
    this section,
    
    [[Page 57851]]
    
    the test pressure, and the pressure drop observed during the test.
        (iv) Records of any visible, audible, or olfactory evidence of 
    fluid loss.
        (v) When a batch product-process equipment train does not pass two 
    consecutive pressure tests, the information specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(7)(v)(A) through (b)(7)(v)(E) of this section shall be recorded in 
    a log and kept for 2 years.
        (A) The date of each pressure test and the date of each leak repair 
    attempt;
        (B) Repair methods applied in each attempt to repair the leak;
        (C) The reason for the delay of repair;
        (D) The expected date for delivery of the replacement equipment and 
    the actual date of delivery of the replacement equipment; and
        (E) The date of successful repair.
        (c) Equipment monitoring. The following requirements shall be met 
    if an owner or operator elects to monitor the equipment in a batch 
    process to detect leaks by the method specified in Sec. 65.104(b) to 
    demonstrate compliance with this subpart.
        (1) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of 
    Secs. 65.106 through 65.116 as modified by paragraphs (c)(2) through 
    (c)(4) of this section.
        (2) The equipment shall be monitored for leaks by the method 
    specified in Sec. 65.104(b) when the equipment is in regulated material 
    service or is in use with any other detectable material.
        (3) The equipment shall be monitored for leaks as specified in 
    paragraphs (c)(3)(i) through (c)(3)(iv) of this section.
        (i) Each time the equipment is reconfigured for the production of a 
    new product, the reconfigured equipment shall be monitored for leaks 
    within 30 days of startup of the process. This initial monitoring of 
    reconfigured equipment shall not be included in determining percent 
    leaking equipment in the process unit.
        (ii) Connectors shall be monitored in accordance with the 
    requirements in Sec. 65.108.
        (iii) Equipment other than connectors shall be monitored at the 
    frequencies specified in table 1 of this subpart. The operating time 
    shall be determined as the proportion of the year the batch product-
    process that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is operating.
        (iv) The monitoring frequencies specified in paragraph (c)(3)(iii) 
    of this section are not requirements for monitoring at specific 
    intervals and can be adjusted to accommodate process operations. An 
    owner or operator may monitor anytime during the specified monitoring 
    period (for example, month, quarter, year), provided the monitoring is 
    conducted at a reasonable interval after completion of the last 
    monitoring campaign. For example, if the equipment is not operating 
    during the scheduled monitoring period, the monitoring can be done 
    during the next period when the process is operating.
        (4) If a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as 
    practical but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected 
    except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section.
        (d) Added equipment recordkeeping. (1) For batch product-process 
    units that the owner or operator elects to monitor as provided under 
    paragraph (c) of this section, the owner or operator shall prepare a 
    list of equipment added to batch product-process units since the last 
    monitoring period required in paragraphs (c)(3)(ii) and (c)(3)(iii) of 
    this section.
        (2) Maintain records demonstrating the proportion of the time 
    during the calendar year the equipment is in use in a batch process 
    that is subject to the provisions of this subpart. Examples of suitable 
    documentation are records of time in use for individual pieces of 
    equipment or average time in use for the process unit. These records 
    are not required if the owner or operator does not adjust monitoring 
    frequency by the time in use, as provided in paragraph (c)(3)(iii) of 
    this section.
        (3) Record and keep pursuant to Sec. 65.4 of subpart A of this part 
    the date and results of the monitoring required in paragraph (c)(3)(i) 
    of this section for equipment added to a batch product-process unit 
    since the last monitoring period required in paragraphs (c)(3)(ii) and 
    (c)(3)(iii) of this section. If no leaking equipment is found during 
    this monitoring, the owner or operator shall record that the inspection 
    was performed. Records of the actual monitoring results are not 
    required.
        (e) Delay of repair. Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks 
    have been detected is allowed if the replacement equipment is not 
    available providing the conditions specified in paragraphs (e)(1) and 
    (e)(2) of this section are met.
        (1) Equipment supplies have been depleted and supplies had been 
    sufficiently stocked before the supplies were depleted.
        (2) The repair is made no later than 10 calendar days after 
    delivery of the replacement equipment.
        (f) Periodic report contents. For owners or operators electing to 
    meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, the periodic 
    report to be filed pursuant to Sec. 65.120(b) shall include the 
    information listed in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(4) of this section 
    for each process unit.
        (1) Batch product-process equipment train identification;
        (2) The number of pressure tests conducted;
        (3) The number of pressure tests where the equipment train failed 
    the pressure test; and
        (4) The facts that explain any delay of repairs.
    
    
    Sec. 65.118  Alternative means of emission limitation: Enclosed-vented 
    process units.
    
        (a) Use of closed vent system and control device. Process units 
    enclosed in such a manner that all emissions from equipment leaks are 
    vented through a closed vent system to a control device meeting the 
    requirements of either Sec. 65.115 or Sec. 65.102(b) are exempt from 
    the requirements of Secs. 65.106 through 65.116. The enclosure shall be 
    maintained under a negative pressure at all times while the process 
    unit is in operation to ensure that all emissions are routed to a 
    control device.
        (b) Recordkeeping. Owners and operators choosing to comply with the 
    requirements of this section shall maintain the records specified in 
    paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section.
        (1) Identification of the process unit(s) and the regulated 
    materials they handle.
        (2) A schematic of the process unit, enclosure, and closed vent 
    system.
        (3) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure 
    in the enclosure to ensure that all emissions are routed to the control 
    device.
    
    
    Sec. 65.119  Recordkeeping provisions.
    
        (a) Recordkeeping system. An owner or operator of more than one 
    regulated source subject to the provisions of this subpart may comply 
    with the recordkeeping requirements for these regulated sources in one 
    recordkeeping system. The recordkeeping system shall identify each 
    record by regulated source and the type of program being implemented 
    (for example, quarterly monitoring, quality improvement) for each type 
    of equipment. The records required by this subpart are summarized in 
    paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
        (b) General equipment leak records. (1) As specified in 
    Sec. 65.103(a) through (c), the owner or operator shall keep general 
    and specific equipment identification if the equipment is not 
    physically tagged and the owner or operator is electing to identify the 
    equipment subject to subpart F of this part through written 
    documentation such as a log or other designation.
        (2) The owner or operator shall keep a written plan as specified in 
    Sec. 65.103(c)(4) for any equipment that is designated as unsafe- or 
    difficult-to-monitor.
    
    [[Page 57852]]
    
        (3) The owner or operator shall maintain a record of the identity 
    and an explanation as specified in Sec. 65.103(d)(2) for any equipment 
    that is designated as unsafe to repair.
        (4) As specified in Sec. 65.103(e), the owner or operator shall 
    maintain a record of the identity of compressors operating with an 
    instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million.
        (5) The owner or operator shall keep records associated with the 
    determination that equipment is in heavy liquid service as specified in 
    Sec. 65.103(f).
        (6) The owner or operator shall keep records for leaking equipment 
    as specified in Sec. 65.104(e)(2).
        (7) The owner or operator shall keep records for leak repair as 
    specified in Sec. 65.105(f) and records for delay of repair as 
    specified in Sec. 65.105(d).
        (c) Specific equipment leak records. (1) For valves, the owner or 
    operator shall maintain the records specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) 
    and (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
        (i) The monitoring schedule for each process unit as specified in 
    Sec. 65.106(b)(3)(i).
        (ii) The valve subgrouping records specified in 
    Sec. 65.106(b)(4)(iv), if applicable.
        (2) For pumps, the owner or operator shall maintain the records 
    specified in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) through (c)(2)(iii) of this section.
        (i) Documentation of pump visual inspections as specified in 
    Sec. 65.107(b)(4).
        (ii) Documentation of dual mechanical seal pump visual inspections 
    as specified in Sec. 65.107(e)(1)(v).
        (iii) For the criteria as to the presence and frequency of drips 
    for dual mechanical seal pumps, records of the design criteria and 
    explanations and any changes and the reason for the changes, as 
    specified in Sec. 65.107(e)(1)(i).
        (3) For connectors, the owner or operator shall maintain the 
    records specified in Sec. 65.108(b)(3)(v) which identify a monitoring 
    schedule for each process unit.
        (4) For agitators equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that 
    includes barrier fluid system, the owner or operator shall keep records 
    as specified in Sec. 65.109(e)(1)(vi)(B).
        (5) For pressure relief devices in gas/vapor or light liquid 
    service, the owner or operator shall keep records of the dates and 
    results of monitoring following a pressure release, as specified in 
    Sec. 65.111(c)(3).
        (6) For compressors, the owner or operator shall maintain the 
    records specified in paragraphs (c)(6)(i) and (c)(6)(ii) of this 
    section.
        (i) For criteria as to failure of the seal system and/or the 
    barrier fluid system, record the design criteria and explanations and 
    any changes and the reason for the changes, as specified in 
    Sec. 65.112(d)(2).
        (ii) For compressors operating under the alternative compressor 
    standard, record the dates and results of each compliance test as 
    specified in Sec. 65.112(f)(2).
        (7) For a pump QIP program, the owner or operator shall maintain 
    the records specified in paragraphs (c)(7)(i) through (c)(7)(v) of this 
    section.
        (i) Individual pump records as specified in Sec. 65.116(d)(2).
        (ii) Trial evaluation program documentation as specified in 
    Sec. 65.116(d)(6)(iii).
        (iii) Engineering evaluation documenting the basis for judgement 
    that superior emission performance technology is not applicable as 
    specified in Sec. 65.116(d)(6)(vi).
        (iv) Quality assurance program documentation as specified in 
    Sec. 65.116(d)(7).
        (v) QIP records as specified in Sec. 65.116(e).
        (8) For process units complying with the batch process unit 
    alternative, the owner or operator shall maintain the records specified 
    in paragraphs (c)(8)(i) and (c)(8)(ii) of this section.
        (i) Pressure test records as specified in Sec. 65.117(b)(7).
        (ii) Records for equipment added to the process unit as specified 
    in Sec. 65.117(d).
        (9) For process units complying with the enclosed-vented process 
    unit alternative, the owner or operator shall maintain the records for 
    enclosed-vented process units as specified in Sec. 65.118(b).
    
    
    Sec. 65.120  Reporting provisions.
    
        (a) Initial Compliance Status Report. Unless the information 
    specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) has previously been 
    submitted, each owner or operator shall submit an Initial Compliance 
    Status Report according to the procedures in Sec. 65.5(d) of subpart A 
    of this part. The notification shall include the information listed in 
    paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section, as applicable.
        (1) The notification shall provide the information listed in 
    paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (a)(1)(iii) of this section for each 
    process unit subject to the requirements of this subpart.
        (i) Process unit identification.
        (ii) Number of each equipment type (for example, valves, pumps) 
    excluding equipment in vacuum service.
        (iii) Method of compliance with the standard (for example, 
    ``monthly leak detection and repair'' or ``equipped with dual 
    mechanical seals'').
        (2) The notification shall provide the information listed in 
    paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(ii) of this section for each process 
    unit subject to the requirements of Sec. 65.117(b).
        (i) Batch products or product codes subject to the provisions of 
    this subpart; and
        (ii) Planned schedule for pressure testing when equipment is 
    configured for production of products subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart.
        (3) The notification shall provide the information listed in 
    paragraphs (c)(3)(i) and (c)(3)(ii) of this section for each process 
    unit subject to the requirements in Sec. 65.118.
        (i) Process unit identification.
        (ii) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure 
    in the enclosure and the control device used to comply with the 
    requirements of subpart G of this part.
        (b) Periodic reports. The owner or operator shall report the 
    information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(9) of this 
    section, as applicable, in the periodic report specified in 
    Sec. 65.5(e) of subpart A of this part.
        (1) For the equipment specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through 
    (b)(1)(v) of this section, report in a summary format by equipment type 
    the number of components for which leaks were detected, and for valves, 
    pumps, and connectors show the percent leakers and the total number of 
    components monitored. Also include the number of leaking components 
    that were not repaired as required by Sec. 65.105(a), and for valves 
    and connectors identify the number of components that are determined by 
    Sec. 65.106(c)(3) to be nonrepairable.
        (i) Valves in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.106(b) and (c).
        (ii) Pumps in light liquid service pursuant to Sec. 65.107(b) and 
    (c).
        (iii) Connectors in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.108(b) and (c).
        (iv) Agitators in gas/vapor service and in light liquid service 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.109(b).
        (v) Compressors pursuant to Sec. 65.112.
        (2) Where any delay of repair is utilized pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.105(d), report that delay of repair has occurred and report the 
    number of instances of delay of repair.
        (3) If applicable, report the valve subgrouping information 
    specified in Sec. 65.106(b)(4)(iv).
        (4) For pressure relief devices in gas/vapor service pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.111(b)
    
    [[Page 57853]]
    
    and for compressors pursuant to Sec. 65.112(f) that are to be operated 
    at a leak detection instrument reading of less than 500 parts per 
    million, report the results of all monitoring to show compliance 
    conducted within the semiannual reporting period.
        (5) Report, if applicable, the initiation of a monthly monitoring 
    program for valves pursuant to Sec. 65.106(b)(3)(i).
        (6) Report, if applicable, the initiation of a quality improvement 
    program for pumps pursuant to Sec. 65.116 of this subpart.
        (7) [Reserved]
        (8) Where the alternative means of emissions limitation for batch 
    processes is utilized, report the information listed in Sec. 65.117(f).
        (9) Report the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section 
    for the Initial Compliance Status Report for process units with later 
    compliance dates. Report any revisions to items reported in an earlier 
    Initial Compliance Status Report if the method of compliance has 
    changed since the last report.
    
    
    Secs. 65.121-65.139  [Reserved].
    
             Table 1 to Subpart F.--Batch Processes Monitoring Frequency for Equipment Other Than Connectors
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Equivalent continuous process monitoring frequency time in use
     Operating time (percent of year) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Monthly                   Quarterly               Semiannually
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    0 to <25......................... quarterly................="" annually................="" annually.="" 25="" to=""><50........................ quarterly................="" semiannually............="" annually.="" 50="" to=""><75........................ bimonthly................="" three="" times.............="" semiannually.="" 75="" to="" 100........................="" monthly..................="" quarterly...............="" semiannually.="" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------="" subpart="" g--closed="" vent="" systems,="" control="" devices,="" and="" routing="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" a="" process="" sec.="" 65.140="" applicability.="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" and="" of="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part="" (including="" the="" startup,="" shutdown,="" and="" malfunction="" provisions="" in="" sec.="" 65.6="" of="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part)="" apply="" to="" closed="" vent="" systems,="" control="" devices="" and="" recovery="" devices="" where="" another="" subpart="" expressly="" references="" the="" use="" of="" this="" subpart.="" sec.="" 65.141="" definitions.="" all="" terms="" used="" in="" this="" subpart="" shall="" have="" the="" meaning="" given="" them="" in="" the="" act="" and="" in="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part.="" if="" a="" term="" is="" defined="" in="" both="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part="" and="" in="" other="" subparts="" that="" reference="" the="" use="" of="" this="" subpart,="" the="" term="" shall="" have="" the="" meaning="" given="" in="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part="" for="" purposes="" of="" this="" subpart.="" sec.="" 65.142="" standards.="" (a)="" storage="" vessel="" requirements.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" expressly="" referenced="" to="" this="" subpart="" from="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" of="" paragraphs="" (a)(1)="" through="" (a)(3)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" flare.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(4)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" storage="" vessel="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems;="" sec.="" 65.147="" for="" flares;="" and="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b),="" and="" (c)="" of="" sec.="" 65.157="" for="" provisions="" regarding="" flare="" compliance="" determinations;="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" storage="" vessel="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare.="" (2)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" nonflare="" control="" device.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" storage="" vessel="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems="" and="" sec.="" 65.145="" for="" nonflare="" control="" devices="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" storage="" vessel="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" unless="" specifically="" required="" in="" the="" monitoring="" plan="" submitted="" under="" sec.="" 65.145(c).="" (3)="" route="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" process.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(6)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" storage="" vessel="" emissions="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.144="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" storage="" vessel="" emissions="" being="" routed="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process.="" (b)="" process="" vent="" requirements.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" expressly="" referenced="" to="" this="" subpart="" from="" subpart="" d="" of="" this="" part="" or="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 60,="" subpart="" ddd,="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" of="" paragraphs="" (b)(1)="" through="" (b)(3)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" flare.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.63(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" d="" of="" this="" part="" or="" 40="" cfr="" 60.562-="" 1(a)(1)(i)(c)="" of="" subpart="" ddd="" who="" route="" group="" 1="" process="" vent="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare="" shall="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems;="" sec.="" 65.147="" for="" flares;="" and="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b),="" and="" (c)="" of="" sec.="" 65.157="" for="" provisions="" regarding="" flare="" compliance="" determinations;="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" process="" vent="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare.="" (2)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" nonflare="" control="" device.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.63(a)(2)="" of="" subpart="" d="" of="" this="" part="" or="" 40="" cfr="" 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(a)="" or="" (a)(1)(i)(b)="" of="" subpart="" ddd="" who="" route="" process="" vent="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" shall="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems;="" the="" requirements="" applicable="" to="" the="" control="" devices="" being="" used="" in="" secs.="" 65.148="" through="" 65.152="" or="" sec.="" 65.155;="" the="" applicable="" general="" monitoring="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.156;="" the="" applicable="" performance="" test="" requirements="" and="" procedures="" of="" secs.="" 65.157="" and="" 65.158;="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" the="" halogen="" reduction="" device="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.63(b)="" of="" subpart="" d="" must="" also="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 65.154="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" the="" requirements="" of="" secs.="" 65.144="" through="" 65.146="" do="" not="" apply="" to="" process="" vents.="" (3)="" final="" recovery="" devices.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.63(a)(3)="" of="" subpart="" d="" who="" use="" a="" final="" recovery="" device="" to="" maintain="" the="" tre="" index="" value="" of="" a="" group="" 2="" process="" vent="" above="" 1.0="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.153="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein="" applicable="" to="" the="" recovery="" [[page="" 57854]]="" device="" being="" used="" and="" the="" applicable="" monitoring="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.156="" and="" the="" recordkeeping="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein,="" except="" for="" sec.="" 65.156(c)(2)(ii).="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" group="" 2a="" process="" vents.="" (c)="" transfer="" rack="" requirements.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" expressly="" referenced="" to="" this="" subpart="" from="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" of="" paragraphs="" (c)(1)="" through="" (c)(4)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" flare.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(2)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare="" shall="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems;="" sec.="" 65.147="" for="" flares;="" and="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b),="" and="" (c)="" of="" sec.="" 65.157="" for="" provisions="" regarding="" flare="" compliance="" determinations;="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare.="" (2)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" nonflare="" control="" device="" for="" low-="" throughput="" transfer="" racks.="" owners="" or="" operators="" of="" low-throughput="" transfer="" racks="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" low-throughput="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" shall="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems="" and="" sec.="" 65.145="" for="" nonflare="" control="" devices="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" low-throughput="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" unless="" specifically="" required="" in="" the="" monitoring="" plan="" submitted="" under="" sec.="" 65.145(c).="" (3)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" nonflare="" control="" devices="" for="" high-="" throughput="" transfer="" racks.="" owners="" or="" operators="" of="" high-throughput="" transfer="" racks="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" high-throughput="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" shall="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems,="" the="" requirements="" applicable="" to="" the="" control="" device="" being="" used="" in="" secs.="" 65.148="" through="" 65.152="" or="" sec.="" 65.155;="" the="" applicable="" general="" monitoring="" of="" sec.="" 65.156;="" and="" the="" applicable="" performance="" test="" requirements="" and="" procedures="" of="" secs.="" 65.157="" and="" 65.158;="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" 65.83(b)="" of="" subpart="" e="" must="" also="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 65.154="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" the="" requirements="" of="" secs.="" 65.144="" through="" 65.146="" do="" not="" apply="" to="" high-throughput="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device.="" (4)="" route="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(4)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process="" shall="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.144="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" transfer="" rack="" emissions="" being="" routed="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process.="" (d)="" equipment="" leak="" requirements.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" expressly="" referenced="" to="" this="" subpart="" from="" subpart="" f="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" of="" paragraphs="" (d)(1)="" through="" (d)(3)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" flare.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.115(b)="" of="" subpart="" f="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems;="" sec.="" 65.147="" for="" flares;="" and="" paragraphs="" (a),="" (b)="" and="" (c)="" of="" sec.="" 65.157="" for="" provisions="" regarding="" flare="" compliance="" determinations;="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" flare.="" (2)="" closed="" vent="" system="" and="" nonflare="" control="" device.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.115(b)="" of="" subpart="" f="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.143="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems="" and="" sec.="" 65.146="" for="" nonflare="" control="" devices="" used="" for="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" routed="" through="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" to="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device.="" (3)="" route="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process.="" owners="" or="" operators="" subject="" to="" sec.="" 65.115(b)="" of="" subpart="" f="" of="" this="" part="" who="" route="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.144="" and="" the="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting="" requirements="" referenced="" therein.="" no="" other="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" apply="" to="" equipment="" leak="" emissions="" being="" routed="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" to="" a="" process.="" (e)="" combined="" emissions.="" when="" emissions="" of="" different="" kinds="" (for="" example,="" emissions="" from="" process="" vents,="" transfer="" racks,="" and/or="" storage="" vessels)="" are="" combined,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" either="" paragraph="" (e)(1)="" or="" paragraph="" (e)(2)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" comply="" with="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" of="" this="" subpart="" for="" each="" kind="" of="" emissions="" in="" the="" stream="" (for="" example,="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.142(b)="" for="" process="" vents,="" and="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.142(c)="" for="" transfer="" racks);="" or="" (2)="" comply="" with="" the="" first="" set="" of="" requirements="" identified="" in="" paragraphs="" (e)(2)(i)="" through="" (e)(2)(iii)="" of="" this="" section="" which="" applies="" to="" any="" individual="" emission="" stream="" that="" is="" included="" in="" the="" combined="" stream.="" compliance="" with="" the="" first="" applicable="" set="" of="" requirements="" identified="" in="" paragraphs="" (e)(2)(i)="" through="" (e)(2)(iii)="" of="" this="" section="" constitutes="" compliance="" with="" all="" other="" requirements="" in="" paragraphs="" (e)(2)(i)="" through="" (e)(2)(iii)="" of="" this="" section="" applicable="" to="" other="" types="" of="" emissions="" in="" the="" combined="" stream.="" (i)="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.142(b)="" for="" group="" 1="" process="" vents,="" including="" applicable="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting;="" (ii)="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.142(c)="" for="" high-throughput="" transfer="" racks,="" including="" applicable="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting;="" (iii)="" the="" requirements="" of="" sec.="" 65.142(a)="" for="" control="" of="" emissions="" from="" storage="" vessels="" or="" low-throughput="" transfer="" racks,="" including="" monitoring,="" recordkeeping,="" and="" reporting.="" sec.="" 65.143="" closed="" vent="" systems.="" (a)="" closed="" vent="" system="" equipment="" and="" operating="" requirements.="" the="" provisions="" of="" paragraph="" (a)="" of="" this="" section="" apply="" to="" closed="" vent="" systems="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" storage="" vessel,="" process="" vent,="" transfer="" rack,="" or="" equipment="" leaks.="" (1)="" collection="" of="" emissions.="" each="" closed="" vent="" system="" shall="" be="" designed="" and="" operated="" to="" collect="" the="" regulated="" material="" vapors="" from="" the="" emission="" point="" and="" to="" route="" the="" collected="" vapors="" to="" a="" control="" device.="" (2)="" period="" of="" operation.="" closed="" vent="" systems="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" shall="" be="" operated="" at="" all="" times="" when="" emissions="" are="" vented="" to="" them.="" (3)="" bypass="" monitoring.="" except="" for="" pressure="" relief="" devices="" needed="" for="" safety="" purposes,="" low="" leg="" drains,="" high="" point="" bleeds,="" analyzer="" vents,="" and="" open-ended="" valves="" or="" lines,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" [[page="" 57855]]="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" provisions="" of="" either="" paragraph="" (a)(3)(i)="" or="" (a)(3)(ii)="" of="" this="" section="" for="" each="" closed="" vent="" system="" that="" contains="" bypass="" lines="" that="" could="" divert="" a="" vent="" stream="" to="" the="" atmosphere.="" (i)="" properly="" install,="" maintain,="" and="" operate="" a="" flow="" indicator="" that="" takes="" a="" reading="" at="" least="" once="" every="" 15="" minutes.="" records="" shall="" be="" generated="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(a)(1)(i).="" the="" flow="" indicator="" shall="" be="" installed="" at="" the="" entrance="" to="" any="" bypass="" line.="" (ii)="" secure="" the="" bypass="" line="" valve="" in="" the="" closed="" position="" with="" a="" car-seal="" or="" a="" lock-and-key="" type="" configuration.="" a="" visual="" inspection="" of="" the="" seal="" or="" closure="" mechanism="" shall="" be="" performed="" at="" least="" once="" every="" month="" to="" ensure="" the="" valve="" is="" maintained="" in="" the="" closed="" position="" and="" the="" vent="" stream="" is="" not="" diverted="" through="" the="" bypass="" line.="" records="" shall="" be="" generated="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(a)(1)(ii).="" (4)="" loading="" arms="" at="" transfer="" racks.="" each="" closed="" vent="" system="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" transfer="" rack="" shall="" be="" designed="" and="" operated="" so="" that="" regulated="" material="" vapors="" collected="" at="" one="" loading="" arm="" will="" not="" pass="" through="" another="" loading="" arm="" in="" the="" rack="" to="" the="" atmosphere.="" (5)="" pressure="" relief="" devices="" in="" a="" transfer="" rack.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" of="" a="" transfer="" rack="" subject="" to="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" shall="" ensure="" that="" no="" pressure="" relief="" device="" in="" the="" transfer="" rack's="" closed="" vent="" system="" shall="" open="" to="" the="" atmosphere="" during="" loading.="" pressure="" relief="" devices="" needed="" for="" safety="" purposes="" are="" not="" subject="" to="" paragraph="" (a)(5)="" of="" this="" section.="" (b)="" closed="" vent="" system="" inspection="" requirements.="" the="" provisions="" of="" paragraph="" (b)="" of="" this="" section="" apply="" to="" closed="" vent="" systems="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" storage="" vessel,="" transfer="" rack="" or="" equipment="" leaks.="" inspection="" records="" shall="" be="" generated="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(a)(3)="" and="" (a)(4).="" (1)="" except="" for="" closed="" vent="" systems="" operated="" and="" maintained="" under="" negative="" pressure="" and="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(2)="" and="" (b)(3)="" of="" this="" section,="" each="" closed="" vent="" system="" shall="" be="" inspected="" as="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)="" or="" (b)(1)(ii)="" of="" this="" section.="" (i)="" if="" the="" closed="" vent="" system="" is="" constructed="" of="" hard-piping,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(1)(i)(a)="" and="" (b)(1)(i)(b)="" of="" this="" section.="" (a)="" conduct="" an="" initial="" inspection="" according="" to="" the="" procedures="" in="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section;="" and="" (b)="" conduct="" annual="" visual="" inspections="" for="" visible,="" audible,="" or="" olfactory="" indications="" of="" leaks.="" (ii)="" if="" the="" closed="" vent="" system="" is="" constructed="" of="" ductwork,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" conduct="" an="" initial="" and="" annual="" inspection="" according="" to="" the="" procedures="" in="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section.="" (2)="" any="" parts="" of="" the="" closed="" vent="" system="" that="" are="" designated="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(a)(2)="" as="" unsafe="" to="" inspect="" are="" exempt="" from="" the="" inspection="" requirements="" of="" paragraph="" (b)(1)="" of="" this="" section="" if="" the="" conditions="" of="" paragraphs="" (b)(2)(i)="" and="" (b)(2)(ii)="" of="" this="" section="" are="" met.="" (i)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" determines="" that="" the="" equipment="" is="" unsafe="" to="" inspect="" because="" inspecting="" personnel="" would="" be="" exposed="" to="" an="" imminent="" or="" potential="" danger="" as="" a="" consequence="" of="" complying="" with="" paragraph="" (b)(1)="" of="" this="" section;="" and="" (ii)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" has="" a="" written="" plan="" that="" requires="" inspection="" of="" the="" equipment="" as="" frequently="" as="" practical="" during="" safe-to-="" inspect="" times.="" inspection="" is="" not="" required="" more="" than="" once="" annually.="" (3)="" any="" parts="" of="" the="" closed="" vent="" system="" that="" are="" designated,="" as="" described="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(a)(2),="" as="" difficult="" to="" inspect="" are="" exempt="" from="" the="" inspection="" requirements="" of="" paragraph="" (b)(1)="" of="" this="" section="" if="" the="" provisions="" of="" paragraphs="" (b)(3)(i)="" and="" (b)(3)(ii)="" of="" this="" section="" apply.="" (i)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" determines="" that="" the="" equipment="" cannot="" be="" inspected="" without="" elevating="" the="" inspecting="" personnel="" more="" than="" 2="" meters="" (7="" feet)="" above="" a="" support="" surface;="" and="" (ii)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" has="" a="" written="" plan="" that="" requires="" inspection="" of="" the="" equipment="" at="" least="" once="" every="" 5="" years.="" (c)="" closed="" vent="" system="" inspection="" procedures.="" the="" provisions="" of="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section="" apply="" to="" closed="" vent="" systems="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" storage="" vessel,="" transfer="" rack,="" or="" equipment="" leaks.="" (1)="" each="" closed="" vent="" system="" subject="" to="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section="" shall="" be="" inspected="" according="" to="" the="" procedures="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (c)(1)(i)="" through="" (c)(1)(vii)="" of="" this="" section.="" (i)="" inspections="" shall="" be="" conducted="" in="" accordance="" with="" method="" 21="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 60,="" appendix="" a,="" except="" as="" specified="" in="" this="" section.="" (ii)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (c)(1)(iii)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" detection="" instrument="" shall="" meet="" the="" performance="" criteria="" of="" method="" 21="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 60,="" appendix="" a,="" except="" the="" instrument="" response="" factor="" criteria="" in="" section="" 3.1.2(a)="" of="" method="" 21="" shall="" be="" for="" the="" representative="" composition="" of="" the="" process="" fluid="" not="" each="" individual="" volatile="" organic="" compounds="" (voc)="" in="" the="" stream.="" for="" process="" streams="" that="" contain="" nitrogen,="" air,="" or="" other="" inerts="" that="" are="" not="" organic="" hazardous="" air="" pollutants="" (hap's)="" or="" voc,="" the="" representative="" stream="" response="" factor="" shall="" be="" determined="" on="" an="" inert-free="" basis.="" the="" response="" factor="" may="" be="" determined="" at="" any="" concentration="" for="" which="" the="" monitoring="" for="" leaks="" will="" be="" conducted.="" (iii)="" if="" no="" instrument="" is="" available="" at="" the="" plant="" site="" that="" will="" meet="" the="" performance="" criteria="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (c)(1)(ii)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" instrument="" readings="" may="" be="" adjusted="" by="" multiplying="" by="" the="" representative="" response="" factor="" of="" the="" process="" fluid="" calculated="" on="" an="" inert-free="" basis="" as="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (c)(1)(ii)="" of="" this="" section.="" (iv)="" the="" detection="" instrument="" shall="" be="" calibrated="" before="" use="" on="" each="" day="" of="" its="" use="" by="" the="" procedures="" specified="" in="" method="" 21="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 60,="" appendix="" a.="" (v)="" calibration="" gases="" shall="" be="" as="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (c)(1)(v)(a)="" through="" (c)(1)(v)(c)="" of="" this="" section.="" (a)="" zero="" air="" (less="" than="" 10="" parts="" per="" million="" hydrocarbon="" in="" air);="" and="" (b)="" mixtures="" of="" methane="" in="" air="" at="" a="" concentration="" less="" than="" 10,000="" parts="" per="" million.="" a="" calibration="" gas="" other="" than="" methane="" in="" air="" may="" be="" used="" if="" the="" instrument="" does="" not="" respond="" to="" methane="" or="" if="" the="" instrument="" does="" not="" meet="" the="" performance="" criteria="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (c)(1)(ii)="" of="" this="" section.="" in="" such="" cases,="" the="" calibration="" gas="" may="" be="" a="" mixture="" of="" one="" or="" more="" of="" the="" compounds="" to="" be="" measured="" in="" air.="" (c)="" if="" the="" detection="" instrument's="" design="" allows="" for="" multiple="" calibration="" scales,="" then="" the="" lower="" scale="" shall="" be="" calibrated="" with="" a="" calibration="" gas="" that="" is="" no="" higher="" than="" 2,500="" parts="" per="" million.="" (vi)="" an="" owner="" or="" operator="" may="" elect="" to="" adjust="" or="" not="" adjust="" instrument="" readings="" for="" background.="" if="" an="" owner="" or="" operator="" elects="" not="" to="" adjust="" readings="" for="" background,="" all="" such="" instrument="" readings="" shall="" be="" compared="" directly="" to="" 500="" parts="" per="" million="" to="" determine="" whether="" there="" is="" a="" leak.="" if="" an="" owner="" or="" operator="" elects="" to="" adjust="" instrument="" readings="" for="" background,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" measure="" background="" concentration="" using="" the="" procedures="" in="" this="" section.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" subtract="" the="" background="" reading="" from="" the="" maximum="" concentration="" indicated="" by="" the="" instrument.="" (vii)="" if="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" elects="" to="" adjust="" for="" background,="" the="" arithmetic="" difference="" between="" the="" maximum="" concentration="" indicated="" by="" the="" instrument="" and="" the="" background="" level="" shall="" be="" compared="" with="" 500="" parts="" per="" million="" for="" determining="" whether="" there="" is="" a="" leak.="" [[page="" 57856]]="" (2)="" the="" instrument="" probe="" shall="" be="" traversed="" around="" all="" potential="" leak="" interfaces="" as="" close="" to="" the="" interface="" as="" possible="" as="" described="" in="" method="" 21="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 60,="" appendix="" a.="" (3)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (c)(4)="" of="" this="" section,="" inspections="" shall="" be="" performed="" when="" the="" equipment="" is="" in="" regulated="" material="" service="" or="" in="" use="" with="" any="" other="" detectable="" gas="" or="" vapor.="" (4)="" inspections="" of="" the="" closed="" vent="" system="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" transfer="" rack="" shall="" be="" performed="" only="" while="" a="" tank="" truck="" or="" railcar="" is="" being="" loaded="" or="" is="" otherwise="" pressurized="" to="" normal="" operating="" conditions="" with="" regulated="" material="" or="" any="" other="" detectable="" gas="" or="" vapor.="" (d)="" closed="" vent="" system="" leak="" repair="" provisions.="" the="" provisions="" of="" paragraph="" (d)="" of="" this="" section="" apply="" to="" closed="" vent="" systems="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" storage="" vessel,="" transfer="" rack,="" or="" equipment="" leak.="" (1)="" if="" there="" are="" visible,="" audible,="" or="" olfactory="" indications="" of="" leaks="" at="" the="" time="" of="" the="" annual="" visual="" inspections="" required="" by="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)(b)="" of="" this="" section,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" follow="" the="" procedure="" specified="" in="" either="" paragraph="" (d)(1)(i)="" or="" (d)(1)(ii)="" of="" this="" section.="" (i)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" eliminate="" the="" indications="" of="" the="" leak.="" (ii)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" monitor="" the="" equipment="" according="" to="" the="" procedures="" in="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section.="" (2)="" leaks="" as="" indicated="" by="" an="" instrument="" reading="" greater="" than="" 500="" parts="" per="" million="" by="" volume="" above="" background="" shall="" be="" repaired="" as="" soon="" as="" practical="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (d)(3)="" of="" this="" section.="" records="" shall="" be="" generated="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(a)(3)="" when="" a="" leak="" is="" detected.="" (i)="" a="" first="" attempt="" at="" repair="" shall="" be="" made="" no="" later="" than="" 5="" calendar="" days="" after="" the="" leak="" is="" detected.="" (ii)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (d)(3)="" of="" this="" section,="" repairs="" shall="" be="" completed="" no="" later="" than="" 15="" calendar="" days="" after="" the="" leak="" is="" detected="" or="" at="" the="" beginning="" of="" the="" next="" introduction="" of="" vapors="" to="" the="" system,="" whichever="" is="" later.="" (3)="" delay="" of="" repair="" of="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" for="" which="" leaks="" have="" been="" detected="" is="" allowed="" if="" repair="" within="" 15="" days="" after="" a="" leak="" is="" detected="" is="" technically="" infeasible="" without="" a="" closed="" vent="" system="" shutdown,="" as="" defined="" in="" sec.="" 65.2="" of="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part,="" or="" if="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" determines="" that="" emissions="" resulting="" from="" immediate="" repair="" would="" be="" greater="" than="" the="" emissions="" likely="" to="" result="" from="" delay="" of="" repair.="" repair="" of="" such="" equipment="" shall="" be="" completed="" as="" soon="" as="" practical,="" but="" not="" later="" than="" the="" end="" of="" the="" next="" closed="" vent="" system="" shutdown.="" sec.="" 65.144="" fuel="" gas="" systems="" and="" processes="" to="" which="" storage="" vessel,="" transfer="" rack,="" or="" equipment="" leak="" regulated="" material="" emissions="" are="" routed.="" (a)="" equipment="" and="" operating="" requirements="" for="" fuel="" gas="" systems="" and="" processes.="" (1)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" sec.="" 65.3(b)(1)="" of="" subpart="" a,="" the="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" process="" shall="" be="" operating="" at="" all="" times="" when="" regulated="" material="" emissions="" are="" routed="" to="" it.="" (2)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" of="" a="" transfer="" rack="" subject="" to="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" shall="" ensure="" that="" no="" pressure="" relief="" device="" in="" the="" transfer="" rack's="" system="" returning="" vapors="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system="" or="" process="" shall="" open="" to="" the="" atmosphere="" during="" loading.="" pressure="" relief="" devices="" needed="" for="" safety="" purposes="" are="" not="" subject="" to="" paragraph="" (a)(2)="" of="" this="" section.="" (3)="" each="" process="" piping="" system="" collecting="" regulated="" material="" from="" a="" transfer="" rack="" shall="" be="" designed="" and="" operated="" so="" that="" regulated="" material="" vapors="" collected="" at="" one="" loading="" arm="" will="" not="" pass="" through="" another="" loading="" arm="" in="" the="" rack="" to="" the="" atmosphere.="" (b)="" fuel="" gas="" system="" and="" process="" compliance="" determination.="" (1)="" if="" emissions="" are="" routed="" to="" a="" fuel="" gas="" system,="" there="" is="" no="" requirement="" to="" conduct="" a="" performance="" test="" or="" design="" evaluation.="" (2)="" for="" storage="" vessels="" and="" transfer="" racks="" and="" if="" emissions="" are="" routed="" to="" a="" process,="" the="" regulated="" material="" in="" the="" emissions="" shall="" predominantly="" meet="" one="" of="" or="" a="" combination="" of="" the="" conditions="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(2)(i)="" through="" (b)(2)(iv)="" of="" this="" section.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" of="" storage="" vessels="" subject="" to="" paragraph="" (b)(2)="" of="" this="" section="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" compliance="" demonstration="" requirements="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(3)="" of="" this="" section.="" (i)="" recycled="" and/or="" consumed="" in="" the="" same="" manner="" as="" a="" material="" that="" fulfills="" the="" same="" function="" in="" that="" process;="" (ii)="" transformed="" by="" chemical="" reaction="" into="" materials="" that="" are="" not="" regulated="" materials;="" (iii)="" incorporated="" into="" a="" product;="" and/or="" (iv)="" recovered.="" (3)="" to="" demonstrate="" compliance="" with="" paragraph="" (b)(2)="" of="" this="" section="" for="" a="" storage="" vessel,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" prepare="" a="" design="" evaluation="" (or="" engineering="" assessment)="" that="" demonstrates="" the="" extent="" to="" which="" one="" or="" more="" of="" the="" conditions="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(2)(i)="" through="" (b)(2)(iv)="" of="" this="" section="" are="" being="" met.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" submit="" the="" design="" evaluation="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(a)(1).="" (c)="" statement="" of="" connection.="" for="" storage="" vessels="" and="" transfer="" racks,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" submit="" the="" reports="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(a)(2)="" and/or="" (a)(3),="" as="" appropriate.="" sec.="" 65.145="" nonflare="" control="" devices="" used="" to="" control="" emissions="" from="" storage="" vessels="" or="" low-throughput="" transfer="" racks.="" (a)="" nonflare="" control="" device="" equipment="" and="" operating="" requirements.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" operate="" and="" maintain="" the="" nonflare="" control="" device="" so="" that="" the="" monitored="" parameters="" defined="" as="" required="" in="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section="" remain="" within="" the="" ranges="" specified="" in="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report="" whenever="" emissions="" of="" regulated="" material="" are="" routed="" to="" the="" control="" device,="" except="" during="" periods="" of="" startup,="" shutdown,="" and="" malfunction.="" (b)="" nonflare="" control="" device="" design="" evaluation="" or="" performance="" test="" requirements.="" when="" using="" a="" control="" device="" other="" than="" a="" flare,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" comply="" with="" the="" requirements="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i),="" (b)(1)(ii),="" or="" (b)(1)(iii)="" of="" this="" section="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(2)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" unless="" a="" design="" evaluation="" or="" performance="" test="" as="" required="" in="" the="" referencing="" subpart="" was="" previously="" conducted="" and="" submitted="" for="" the="" storage="" vessel="" or="" low-throughput="" transfer="" rack,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" either="" prepare="" and="" submit="" with="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report,="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(b),="" a="" design="" evaluation="" that="" includes="" the="" information="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)="" of="" this="" section,="" or="" the="" results="" of="" the="" performance="" test="" as="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(ii)="" or="" (b)(1)(iii)="" of="" this="" section.="" (i)="" design="" evaluation.="" the="" design="" evaluation="" shall="" include="" documentation="" demonstrating="" that="" the="" control="" device="" being="" used="" achieves="" the="" required="" control="" efficiency="" during="" the="" reasonably="" expected="" maximum="" storage="" vessel="" filling="" or="" transfer="" loading="" rate.="" this="" documentation="" is="" to="" include="" a="" description="" of="" the="" gas="" stream="" that="" enters="" the="" control="" device,="" including="" flow="" and="" regulated="" material="" content,="" and="" additionally="" for="" storage="" vessels,="" under="" varying="" liquid="" level="" conditions,="" and="" the="" information="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(1)(i)(a)="" through="" (b)(1)(i)(e)="" of="" this="" section,="" as="" applicable.="" this="" documentation="" shall="" be="" submitted="" with="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(b).="" (a)="" the="" efficiency="" determination="" is="" to="" include="" consideration="" of="" all="" vapors,="" gases,="" and="" liquids,="" other="" than="" fuels,="" received="" by="" the="" control="" device.="" (b)="" if="" an="" enclosed="" combustion="" device="" with="" a="" minimum="" residence="" time="" of="" 0.5="" [[page="" 57857]]="" seconds="" and="" a="" minimum="" temperature="" of="" 760="" deg.c="" is="" used="" to="" meet="" the="" emission="" reduction="" requirement="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" or="" (c)(2)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" for="" storage="" vessels="" or="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" transfer="" racks,="" documentation="" that="" those="" conditions="" exist="" is="" sufficient="" to="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)="" of="" this="" section.="" (c)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)(b)="" of="" this="" section="" for="" enclosed="" combustion="" devices,="" the="" design="" evaluation="" shall="" include="" the="" estimated="" autoignition="" temperature="" of="" the="" stream="" being="" combusted,="" the="" flow="" rate="" of="" the="" stream,="" the="" combustion="" temperature,="" and="" the="" residence="" time="" at="" the="" combustion="" temperature.="" (d)="" for="" carbon="" adsorbers,="" the="" design="" evaluation="" shall="" include="" the="" estimated="" affinity="" of="" the="" regulated="" pollutant="" vapors="" for="" carbon,="" the="" amount="" of="" carbon="" in="" each="" bed,="" the="" number="" of="" beds,="" the="" humidity,="" the="" temperature,="" the="" flow="" rate="" of="" the="" inlet="" stream="" and,="" if="" applicable,="" the="" desorption="" schedule,="" the="" regeneration="" stream="" pressure="" or="" temperature,="" and="" the="" flow="" rate="" of="" the="" regeneration="" stream.="" for="" vacuum="" desorption,="" pressure="" drop="" shall="" be="" included.="" (e)="" for="" condensers,="" the="" design="" evaluation="" shall="" include="" the="" final="" temperature="" of="" the="" stream="" vapors,="" the="" type="" of="" condenser,="" and="" the="" design="" flow="" rate="" of="" the="" emission="" stream.="" (ii)="" performance="" test.="" a="" performance="" test="" is="" acceptable="" to="" demonstrate="" compliance="" with="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" for="" storage="" vessels="" and="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" transfer="" racks.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" is="" not="" required="" to="" prepare="" a="" design="" evaluation="" for="" the="" control="" device="" as="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)="" of="" this="" section="" if="" a="" performance="" test="" will="" be="" performed="" that="" meets="" the="" criteria="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(1)(ii)(a)="" and="" (b)(1)(ii)(b)="" of="" this="" section.="" (a)="" the="" performance="" test="" demonstrates="" that="" the="" control="" device="" achieves="" greater="" than="" or="" equal="" to="" the="" required="" control="" efficiency="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" for="" storage="" vessels="" or="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" transfer="" racks;="" and="" (b)="" the="" performance="" test="" meets="" the="" applicable="" performance="" test="" requirements="" of="" secs.="" 65.157="" and="" 65.158,="" and="" the="" results="" are="" submitted="" as="" part="" of="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(b).="" (iii)="" if="" the="" control="" device="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" for="" storage="" vessels="" or="" with="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" low-throughput="" transfer="" racks,="" as="" applicable,="" is="" also="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" sec.="" 65.63(a)(2)="" of="" subpart="" d="" of="" this="" part="" for="" process="" vents="" or="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" transfer="" racks="" (for="" non="" low-throughput="" transfer="" racks),="" a="" performance="" test="" required="" by="" sec.="" 65.148(b),="" sec.="" 65.149(b),="" sec.="" 65.150(b),="" sec.="" 65.151(b),="" sec.="" 65.152(b),="" or="" sec.="" 65.155(b)="" is="" acceptable="" to="" demonstrate="" compliance="" with="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" for="" storage="" vessels="" or="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" low-throughput="" transfer="" racks,="" as="" applicable.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" is="" not="" required="" to="" prepare="" a="" design="" evaluation="" for="" the="" control="" device="" as="" described="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(1)(i)="" of="" this="" section,="" if="" a="" performance="" test="" will="" be="" performed="" which="" meets="" the="" criteria="" specified="" in="" paragraphs="" (b)(1)(iii)(a)="" and="" (b)(1)(iii)(b)="" of="" this="" section.="" (a)="" the="" performance="" test="" demonstrates="" that="" the="" control="" device="" achieves="" greater="" than="" or="" equal="" to="" the="" required="" control="" efficiency="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.42(b)(5)="" of="" subpart="" c="" of="" this="" part="" for="" storage="" vessels="" or="" sec.="" 65.83(a)(1)="" of="" subpart="" e="" of="" this="" part="" for="" transfer="" racks;="" and="" (b)="" the="" performance="" test="" is="" submitted="" as="" part="" of="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(b).="" (2)="" a="" design="" evaluation="" or="" performance="" test="" is="" not="" required="" if="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" uses="" a="" combustion="" device="" meeting="" the="" criteria="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(2)(i),="" (b)(2)(ii),="" (b)(2)(iii),="" or="" (b)(2)(iv)="" of="" this="" section.="" (i)="" a="" boiler="" or="" process="" heater="" with="" a="" design="" heat="" input="" capacity="" of="" 44="" megawatts="" (150="" million="" british="" thermal="" units="" per="" hour)="" or="" greater.="" (ii)="" a="" boiler="" or="" process="" heater="" burning="" hazardous="" waste="" for="" which="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" meets="" the="" requirements="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(2)(ii)(a)="" or="" (b)(2)(ii)(b)="" of="" this="" section.="" (a)="" the="" boiler="" or="" process="" heater="" has="" been="" issued="" a="" final="" permit="" under="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 270="" and="" complies="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 266,="" subpart="" h,="" or="" (b)="" the="" boiler="" or="" process="" heater="" has="" certified="" compliance="" with="" the="" interim="" status="" requirements="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 266,="" subpart="" h.="" (iii)="" a="" hazardous="" waste="" incinerator="" for="" which="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" meets="" the="" requirements="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(2)(iii)(a)="" or="" (b)(2)(iii)(b)="" of="" this="" section.="" (a)="" the="" incinerator="" has="" been="" issued="" a="" final="" permit="" under="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 270="" and="" complies="" with="" the="" requirements="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 264,="" subpart="" o;="" or="" (b)="" the="" incinerator="" has="" certified="" compliance="" with="" the="" interim="" status="" requirements="" of="" 40="" cfr="" part="" 265,="" subpart="" o.="" (iv)="" a="" boiler="" or="" process="" heater="" into="" which="" the="" vent="" stream="" is="" introduced="" with="" the="" primary="" fuel.="" (c)="" nonflare="" control="" device="" monitoring="" requirements.="" (1)="" unless="" previously="" established="" under="" an="" applicable="" standard="" prior="" to="" the="" implementation="" date="" of="" this="" part="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.1(f)="" of="" subpart="" a="" of="" this="" part,="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" submit="" with="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report="" a="" monitoring="" plan="" containing="" the="" information="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.165(b)="" to="" identify="" the="" parameters="" that="" will="" be="" monitored="" to="" assure="" proper="" operation="" of="" the="" control="" device.="" (2)="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" monitor="" the="" parameters="" specified="" in="" the="" initial="" compliance="" status="" report="" or="" in="" the="" operating="" permit.="" records="" shall="" be="" generated="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(b)(1).="" sec.="" 65.146="" nonflare="" control="" devices="" used="" for="" equipment="" leaks="" only.="" (a)="" equipment="" and="" operating="" requirements.="" (1)="" owners="" or="" operators="" using="" a="" nonflare="" control="" device="" to="" meet="" the="" applicable="" requirements="" in="" sec.="" 65.115(b)="" of="" subpart="" f="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" meet="" the="" requirements="" of="" this="" section.="" (2)="" control="" devices="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" the="" provisions="" of="" this="" subpart="" shall="" be="" operated="" at="" all="" times="" when="" emissions="" are="" vented="" to="" them.="" (b)="" performance="" test="" requirements.="" a="" performance="" test="" is="" not="" required="" for="" any="" control="" device="" used="" only="" to="" control="" emissions="" from="" equipment="" leaks.="" (c)="" monitoring="" requirements.="" owners="" or="" operators="" of="" control="" devices="" that="" are="" used="" to="" comply="" only="" with="" the="" provisions="" of="" sec.="" 65.115(b)="" of="" subpart="" f="" of="" this="" part="" shall="" monitor="" these="" control="" devices="" to="" ensure="" that="" they="" are="" operated="" and="" maintained="" in="" conformance="" with="" their="" design.="" the="" owner="" or="" operator="" shall="" maintain="" the="" records="" as="" specified="" in="" sec.="" 65.163(d).="" sec.="" 65.147="" flares.="" (a)="" flare="" equipment="" and="" operating="" requirements.="" flares="" subject="" to="" this="" subpart="" shall="" meet="" the="" performance="" requirements="" of="" paragraphs="" (a)(1)="" through="" (a)(7)="" of="" this="" section.="" (1)="" flares="" shall="" be="" operated="" at="" all="" times="" when="" emissions="" are="" vented="" to="" them.="" (2)="" flares="" shall="" be="" designed="" for="" and="" operated="" with="" no="" visible="" emissions="" as="" determined="" by="" the="" methods="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(3)(i)="" of="" this="" section="" except="" for="" periods="" not="" to="" exceed="" a="" total="" of="" 5="" minutes="" during="" any="" two="" consecutive="" hours.="" (3)="" flares="" shall="" be="" operated="" with="" a="" flare="" flame="" or="" at="" least="" one="" pilot="" flame="" present="" at="" all="" times,="" as="" determined="" by="" the="" methods="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (c)="" of="" this="" section.="" [[page="" 57858]]="" (4)="" flares="" shall="" be="" used="" only="" when="" the="" net="" heating="" value="" of="" the="" gas="" being="" combusted="" is="" 11.2="" megajoules="" per="" standard="" cubic="" meter="" (300="" british="" thermal="" units="" per="" standard="" cubic="" foot)="" or="" greater="" if="" the="" flare="" is="" steam-assisted="" or="" air-assisted,="" or="" when="" the="" net="" heating="" value="" of="" the="" gas="" being="" combusted="" is="" 7.45="" megajoules="" per="" standard="" cubic="" meter="" (200="" british="" thermal="" units="" per="" standard="" cubic="" foot)="" or="" greater="" if="" the="" flare="" is="" nonassisted.="" the="" net="" heating="" value="" of="" the="" gas="" being="" combusted="" shall="" be="" determined="" by="" the="" methods="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(3)(ii)="" of="" this="" section.="" (5)="" flares="" used="" to="" comply="" with="" this="" section="" shall="" be="" steam-="" assisted,="" air-assisted,="" or="" nonassisted.="" (6)="" steam-assisted="" and="" nonassisted="" flares="" shall="" be="" designed="" for="" and="" operated="" with="" an="" exit="" velocity="" as="" determined="" by="" the="" methods="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(3)(iii)="" of="" this="" section,="" of="" less="" than="" 18.3="" meters="" per="" second="" (60="" feet="" per="" sec)="" except="" as="" provided="" in="" paragraphs="" (a)(6)(i)="" and="" (a)(6)(ii)="" of="" this="" section,="" as="" applicable.="" (i)="" steam-assisted="" and="" nonassisted="" flares="" shall="" be="" designed="" for="" and="" operated="" with="" an="" exit="" velocity="" as="" determined="" by="" the="" methods="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(3)(iii)="" of="" this="" section="" equal="" to="" or="" less="" than="" 122="" meters="" per="" second="" (400="" feet="" per="" second)="" if="" the="" net="" heating="" value="" of="" the="" gas="" being="" combusted="" is="" greater="" than="" 37.3="" megajoules="" per="" standard="" cubic="" meter="" (1,000="" british="" thermal="" units="" per="" standard="" cubic="" foot).="" (ii)="" steam-assisted="" and="" nonassisted="" flares="" shall="" be="" designed="" for="" and="" operated="" with="" an="" exit="" velocity,="" as="" determined="" by="" the="" methods="" specified="" in="" paragraph="" (b)(3)(iii)="" of="" this="" section,="" of="" less="" than="" the="" velocity,="">max and less than 122 meters per second (400 feet 
    per sec), where the maximum permitted velocity, Vmax, is 
    determined by the following equation:
    
    Log10 (Vmax)=(HT+28.8)/31.7    (147-1)
    
    Where:
    
    Vmax=Maximum permitted velocity, meters per second
    28.8=Constant
    31.7=Constant
    HT=The net heating value as determined in paragraph 
    (b)(3)(ii) of this section.
    
        (7) Air-assisted flares shall be designed for and operated with an 
    exit velocity as determined by the methods specified in paragraph 
    (b)(3)(iii) of this section less than the velocity, Vmax, 
    where the maximum permitted velocity, Vmax, is determined by 
    the following equation.
    
    Vmax=8.706+0.7084 (HT)    (147-2)
    
    Where:
    
    Vmax=Maximum permitted velocity, meters per second
    8.706=Constant
    0.7084=Constant
    HT=The net heating value as determined in paragraph 
    (b)(3)(ii) of this section.
    
        (b) Flare compliance determination. (1) Unless an initial flare 
    compliance determination of the flare was previously conducted and 
    submitted under the referencing subpart, the owner or operator shall 
    conduct an initial flare compliance determination of any flare used to 
    comply with the provisions of this subpart. Flare compliance 
    determination records shall be kept as specified in Sec. 65.159(a) and 
    (b) and a flare compliance determination report shall be submitted as 
    specified in Sec. 65.164. An owner or operator is not required to 
    conduct a performance test to determine percent emission reduction or 
    outlet regulated material or TOC concentration when a flare is used.
        (2) Unless already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if 
    an owner or operator elects to use a flare to replace an existing 
    control device at a later date, the owner or operator shall notify the 
    Administrator, either by amendment of the regulated source's title V 
    permit or, if title V is not applicable, by submission of the notice 
    specified in Sec. 65.167(a). Upon implementing the change, a flare 
    compliance determination shall be performed using the methods specified 
    in paragraph (b)(3) of this section within 180 days. The compliance 
    determination report shall be submitted to the Administrator within 60 
    days of completing the determination as provided in Sec. 65.164(b)(2). 
    If an owner or operator elects to use a flare to replace an existing 
    final recovery device that is used on a Group 2A process vent, the 
    owner or operator shall comply with the applicable provisions of 
    Secs. 65.63(e) and 65.67(b) of subpart D of this part and submit the 
    notification specified in Sec. 65.167(a).
        (3) Flare compliance determinations shall meet the requirements 
    specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (b)(3)(iv) of this section.
        (i) Method 22 of appendix A of part 60 shall be used to determine 
    the compliance of flares with the visible emission provisions of this 
    subpart. The observation period is 2 hours, except for transfer racks 
    as provided in paragraph (b)(3)(i)(A) or (b)(3)(i)(B) of this section.
        (A) For transfer racks, if the loading cycle is less than 2 hours, 
    then the observation period for that run shall be for the entire 
    loading cycle.
        (B) For transfer racks, if additional loading cycles are initiated 
    within the 2-hour period, then visible emissions observations shall be 
    conducted for the additional cycles.
        (ii) The net heating value of the gas being combusted in a flare 
    shall be calculated using the following equation:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.009
    
    where:
    
    HT=Net heating value of the sample, megajoules per standard 
    cubic meter; where the net enthalpy per mole of offgas is based on 
    combustion at 25  deg.C and 760 millimeters of mercury (30 inches of 
    mercury), but the standard temperature for determining the volume 
    corresponding to 1 mole is 20  deg.C;
    K1=1.740 x 10-7 (parts per million by 
    volume)-1 (gram-mole per standard cubic meter) (megajoules 
    per kilocalories), where the standard temperature for gram mole per 
    standard cubic meter is 20  deg.C;
    Dj=Concentration of sample component j, in parts per million 
    by volume on a wet basis, as measured for organics by Method 18 of part 
    60, appendix A and measured for hydrogen and carbon monoxide by 
    American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D1946-77; and
    Hj=Net heat of combustion of sample component j, 
    kilocalories per gram-mole at 25  deg.C and 760 millimeters of mercury 
    (30 inches of mercury). The heats of combustion of stream components 
    may be determined using ASTM D2382-76 if published values are not 
    available or cannot be calculated.
    
        (iii) The actual exit velocity of a flare shall be determined by 
    dividing the volumetric flow rate (in units of standard temperature and 
    pressure), as determined by Methods 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 CFR part 60, 
    appendix A as appropriate; by the unobstructed (free) cross-sectional 
    area of the flare tip.
        (iv) Flare flame or pilot monitors, as applicable, shall be 
    operated during any flare compliance determination.
        (c) Flare monitoring requirements. Where a flare is used, the 
    following monitoring equipment is required: a device (including but not 
    limited to a thermocouple, ultraviolet beam sensor, or infrared sensor) 
    capable of continuously detecting that at least one pilot flame or the 
    flare flame is present. Flame monitoring and compliance records shall 
    be kept as specified in Sec. 65.159 (c) and (d).
    
    [[Page 57859]]
    
    Sec. 65.148  Incinerators.
    
        (a) Incinerator equipment and operating requirements. (1) Owners or 
    operators using incinerators to meet the 98 weight-percent emission 
    reduction or 20 parts per million by volume outlet concentration 
    requirement as specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart D of this part 
    or 40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD for process vents, or 
    Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks, as 
    applicable, shall meet the requirements of this section.
        (2) Incinerators used to comply with the provisions of this subpart 
    shall be operated at all times when emissions are vented to them.
        (b) Incinerator performance test requirements. (1) Unless an 
    initial performance test was previously conducted and submitted under 
    the referencing subpart and except as specified in Sec. 65.157(b) and 
    paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the owner or operator shall conduct 
    an initial performance test of any incinerator used to comply with the 
    provisions of this subpart according to the procedures in Secs. 65.157 
    and 65.158. Performance test records shall be kept as specified in 
    Sec. 65.160(a) and (b) and a performance test report shall be submitted 
    as specified in Sec. 65.164. As provided in Sec. 65.145(b)(1), a 
    performance test may be used as an alternative to the design evaluation 
    for storage vessels and low-throughput transfer rack controls. As 
    provided in Sec. 65.146(b), no performance test is required for 
    equipment leaks.
        (2) An owner or operator is not required to conduct a performance 
    test for a hazardous waste incinerator for which the owner or operator 
    has been issued a final permit under 40 CFR part 270 and complies with 
    the requirements of 40 CFR part 264, subpart O, or has certified 
    compliance with the interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 265, 
    subpart O.
        (3) Unless already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if 
    an owner or operator elects to use an incinerator to replace an 
    existing control device at a later date, the owner or operator shall 
    notify the Administrator, either by amendment of the regulated source's 
    title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, by submission of the 
    notice specified in Sec. 65.167(a) before implementing the change. Upon 
    implementing the change, an incinerator performance test shall be 
    performed, using the methods specified in Sec. 65.157 and within 180 
    days if required by paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The performance 
    test report shall be submitted to the Administrator within 60 days of 
    completing the determination as provided in Sec. 65.164(b)(2). If an 
    owner or operator elects to use an incinerator to replace an existing 
    recovery device that is used on a Group 2A process vent, the owner or 
    operator shall comply with the applicable provisions of Secs. 65.63(e) 
    and 65.67(b) of subpart D of this part and submit the notification 
    specified in Sec. 65.167(a).
        (c) Incinerator monitoring requirements. (1) Where an incinerator 
    is used, a temperature monitoring device capable of providing a 
    continuous record that meets the provisions specified in paragraph 
    (c)(1)(i) or (c)(1)(ii) of this section is required. Monitoring results 
    shall be recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General requirements for 
    monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems are contained in 
    Sec. 65.156.
        (i) Where an incinerator other than a catalytic incinerator is 
    used, a temperature monitoring device shall be installed in the fire 
    box or in the ductwork immediately downstream of the fire box in a 
    position before any substantial heat exchange occurs.
        (ii) Where a catalytic incinerator is used, temperature monitoring 
    devices shall be installed in the gas stream immediately before and 
    after the catalyst bed.
        (2) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the incinerator. In order 
    to establish the range, the information required in Sec. 65.165(c) 
    shall be submitted in the Initial Compliance Status Report or the 
    operating permit application or amendment. The range may be based upon 
    a prior performance test meeting the specifications of 
    Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or upon existing ranges or limits established under a 
    referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.149  Boilers and process heaters.
    
        (a) Boiler and process heater equipment and operating requirements. 
    (1) Owners or operators using boilers and process heaters to meet the 
    98 weight-percent emission reduction or 20 parts per million by volume 
    outlet concentration requirement as specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of 
    subpart D of this part or 40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD 
    for process vents, or Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for 
    transfer racks, as applicable, shall meet the requirements of this 
    section.
        (2) The vent stream shall be introduced into the flame zone of the 
    boiler or process heater.
        (3) Boilers and process heaters used to comply with the provisions 
    of this subpart shall be operated at all times when emissions are 
    vented to them.
        (b) Boiler and process heater performance test requirements. (1) 
    Unless an initial performance test was previously conducted and 
    submitted under the referencing subpart, and except as specified in 
    Sec. 65.157(b) and paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the owner or 
    operator shall conduct an initial performance test of any boiler or 
    process heater used to comply with the provisions of this subpart 
    according to the procedures in Secs. 65.157 and 65.158. Performance 
    test records shall be kept as specified in Sec. 65.160(a) and (b) and a 
    performance test report shall be submitted as specified in Sec. 65.164. 
    As provided in Sec. 65.145(b)(1), a performance test may be used as an 
    alternative to the design evaluation for storage vessels and low-
    throughput transfer rack controls. As provided in Sec. 65.146(b), no 
    performance test is required to demonstrate compliance for equipment 
    leaks.
        (2) An owner or operator is not required to conduct a performance 
    test when any of the control devices specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) 
    through (b)(2)(iii) are used.
        (i) A boiler or process heater with a design heat input capacity of 
    44 megawatts (150 million British thermal units per hour) or greater.
        (ii) A boiler or process heater into which the vent stream is 
    introduced with the primary fuel or is used as the primary fuel.
        (iii) A boiler or process heater burning hazardous waste for which 
    the owner or operator meets the requirements specified in paragraph 
    (b)(2)(iii)(A) or (b)(2)(iii)(B) of this section.
        (A) The boiler or process heater has been issued a final permit 
    under 40 CFR part 270 and complies with the requirements of 40 CFR part 
    266, subpart H; or
        (B) The boiler or process heater has certified compliance with the 
    interim status requirements of 40 CFR part 266, subpart H.
        (3) Unless already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if 
    an owner or operator elects to use a boiler or process heater to 
    replace an existing control device at a later date, the owner or 
    operator shall notify the Administrator, either by amendment of the 
    regulated source's title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, by 
    submission of the notice specified in Sec. 65.167(a) before 
    implementing the change. Upon implementing the change, a boiler or 
    process heater performance test shall be performed using the methods 
    specified in Secs. 65.157 and 65.158 within 180 days if required by 
    paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The performance test report shall be 
    submitted to the Administrator
    
    [[Page 57860]]
    
    within 60 days of completing the determination as provided in 
    Sec. 65.164(b)(2). If an owner or operator elects to use a boiler or 
    process heater to replace an existing recovery device that is used on a 
    Group 2A process vent, the owner or operator shall comply with the 
    applicable provisions of Sec. 65.63(e) and Sec. 65.67(b) of subpart D 
    of this part and submit the notification specified in Sec. 65.167(a).
        (c) Boiler and process heater monitoring requirements. (1) Where a 
    boiler or process heater of less than 44 megawatts (150 million British 
    thermal units per hour) design heat input capacity is used and the 
    regulated vent stream is not introduced as or with the primary fuel, a 
    temperature monitoring device in the fire box capable of providing a 
    continuous record is required. Any boiler or process heater in which 
    all vent streams are introduced with primary fuel or are used as the 
    primary fuel is exempt from monitoring. Monitoring results shall be 
    recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General requirements for 
    monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems are contained in 
    Sec. 65.156.
        (2) Where monitoring is required, the owner or operator shall 
    establish a range for monitored parameters that indicates proper 
    operation of the boiler or process heater. In order to establish the 
    range, the information required in Sec. 65.165(c) shall be submitted in 
    the Initial Compliance Status Report or the operating permit 
    application or amendment. The range may be based upon a prior 
    performance test meeting the specifications of Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or 
    upon existing ranges or limits established under a referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.150  Absorbers used as control devices.
    
        (a) Absorber equipment and operating requirements. (1) Owners or 
    operators using absorbers to meet the 98 weight-percent emission 
    reduction or 20 parts per million by volume outlet concentration 
    requirements as specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart D of this part 
    or 40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD for process vents, or 
    Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks, as 
    applicable, shall meet the requirements of this section.
        (2) Absorbers used to comply with the provisions of this subpart 
    shall be operated at all times when emissions are vented to them.
        (b) Absorber performance test requirements. (1) Unless an initial 
    performance test was previously conducted and submitted under the 
    referencing subpart and except as specified in Sec. 65.157(b), the 
    owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test of any 
    absorber used as a recapture device to comply with the provisions of 
    this subpart according to the procedures in Secs. 65.157 and 65.158. 
    Performance test records shall be kept as specified in Sec. 65.160 (a) 
    and (b) and a performance test report shall be submitted as specified 
    in Sec. 65.164. As provided in Sec. 65.145(b)(1), a performance test 
    may be used as an alternative to the design evaluation for storage 
    vessels and low-throughput transfer rack controls. As provided in 
    Sec. 65.146(b), no performance test is required to demonstrate 
    compliance for equipment leaks.
        (2) Unless already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if 
    an owner or operator elects to use an absorber to replace an existing 
    recovery or control device at a later date, the owner or operator shall 
    notify the Administrator, either by amendment of the regulated source's 
    title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, by submission of the 
    notice specified in Sec. 65.167(a) before implementing the change. Upon 
    implementing the change, the provisions specified in paragraph 
    (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) as applicable shall be followed.
        (i) Replace final recovery device. If an owner or operator elects 
    to replace the final recovery device on a process vent with an absorber 
    used as a control device, the owner or operator shall comply with the 
    applicable provisions of Secs. 65.63(e) and 65.67(b) of subpart D of 
    this part.
        (ii) Replace control device. If an owner or operator elects to 
    replace a control device on a Group 1 process vent or a transfer rack 
    with an absorber used as a control device, the owner or operator shall 
    perform a performance test using the methods specified in Secs. 65.157 
    and 65.158 within 180 days. The performance test report shall be 
    submitted to the Administrator within 60 days of completing the test as 
    provided in Sec. 65.164(b)(2).
        (c) Absorber monitoring requirements. (1) Where an absorber is used 
    as a control device, either an organic monitoring device capable of 
    providing a continuous record or a scrubbing liquid temperature 
    monitoring device and a specific gravity monitoring device, each 
    capable of providing a continuous record, shall be used. Monitoring 
    results shall be recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General 
    requirements for monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems 
    are contained in Sec. 65.156.
        (2) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the absorber. In order to 
    establish the range, the information required in Sec. 65.165(c) shall 
    be submitted in the Initial Compliance Status Report or the operating 
    permit application or amendment. The range may be based upon a prior 
    performance test meeting the specifications of Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or 
    upon existing ranges or limits established under a referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.151  Condensers used as control devices.
    
        (a) Condenser equipment and operating requirements. (1) Owners or 
    operators using condensers to meet the 98 weight-percent emission 
    reduction or 20 parts per million by volume outlet concentration 
    requirements as specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart D of this part 
    or 40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD for process vents, or 
    Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks, as 
    applicable, shall meet the requirements of this section.
        (2) Condensers used to comply with the provisions of this subpart 
    shall be operated at all times when emissions are vented to them.
        (b) Condenser performance test requirements. (1) Unless an initial 
    performance test was previously conducted and submitted under the 
    referencing subpart and except as specified in Sec. 65.157(b), the 
    owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test of any 
    condenser used as a recapture device to comply with the provisions of 
    this subpart according to the procedures in Secs. 65.157 and 65.158. 
    Performance test records shall be kept as specified in Sec. 65.160 (a) 
    and (b) and a performance test report shall be submitted as specified 
    in Sec. 65.164. As provided in Sec. 65.145(b)(1), a performance test 
    may be used as an alternative to the design evaluation for storage 
    vessels and low-throughput transfer rack controls. As provided in 
    Sec. 65.146(b), no performance test is required to demonstrate 
    compliance for equipment leaks.
        (2) Unless already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if 
    an owner or operator elects to use a condenser to replace an existing 
    recovery or control device at a later date, the owner or operator shall 
    notify the Administrator, either by amendment of the regulated source's 
    title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, by submission of the 
    notice specified in Sec. 65.167(a) before implementing the change. Upon 
    implementing the change, the provisions specified in paragraph 
    (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section, as applicable, shall be 
    followed.
    
    [[Page 57861]]
    
        (i) Replace final recovery device. If an owner or operator elects 
    to replace the final recovery device on a process vent with a condenser 
    used as a control device, the owner or operator shall comply with the 
    applicable provisions of Secs. 65.63(e) and 65.67(b) of subpart D of 
    this part.
        (ii) Replace control device. If an owner or operator elects to 
    replace a control device on a Group 1 process vent or a transfer rack 
    with a condenser used as a control device, the owner or operator shall 
    perform a performance test using the methods specified in Secs. 65.157 
    and 65.158 within 180 days. The performance test report shall be 
    submitted to the Administrator within 60 days of completing the test as 
    provided in Sec. 65.164(b)(2).
        (c) Condenser monitoring requirements. (1) Where a condenser is 
    used as a control device, an organic monitoring device capable of 
    providing a continuous record or a condenser exit (product side) 
    temperature monitoring device capable of providing a continuous record 
    shall be used. Monitoring results shall be recorded as specified in 
    Sec. 65.161. General requirements for monitoring and continuous 
    parameter monitoring systems are contained in Sec. 65.156.
        (2) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the condenser. In order 
    to establish the range, the information required in Sec. 65.165(c) 
    shall be submitted in the Initial Compliance Status Report or the 
    operating permit application or amendment. The range may be based upon 
    a prior performance test meeting the specifications in 
    Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or upon existing ranges or limits established under a 
    referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.152  Carbon adsorbers used as control devices.
    
        (a) Carbon adsorber equipment and operating requirements. (1) 
    Owners or operators using carbon adsorbers to meet the 98 weight-
    percent emission reduction or 20 parts per million by volume outlet 
    concentration requirements as specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart 
    D of this part or 40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD for 
    process vents, or Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for 
    transfer racks, as applicable, shall meet the requirements of this 
    section.
        (2) Carbon adsorbers used to comply with the provisions of this 
    subpart shall be operated at all times when emissions are vented to 
    them.
        (b) Carbon adsorber performance test requirements. (1) Unless an 
    initial performance test was previously conducted and submitted under 
    the referencing subpart and except as specified in Sec. 65.157(b), the 
    owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test of any 
    carbon absorber used as a control device to comply with the provisions 
    of this subpart according to the procedures in Secs. 65.157 and 65.158. 
    Performance test records shall be kept as specified in Sec. 65.160 (a) 
    and (b) and a performance test report shall be submitted as specified 
    in Sec. 65.164. As provided in Sec. 65.145(b)(1), a performance test 
    may be used as an alternative to the design evaluation for storage 
    vessels and low-throughput transfer rack controls. As provided in 
    Sec. 65.146(b), no performance test is required to demonstrate 
    compliance for equipment leaks.
        (2) Unless already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if 
    an owner or operator elects to use a carbon adsorber to replace an 
    existing recovery or control device at a later date, the owner or 
    operator shall notify the Administrator either by amendment of the 
    regulated source's title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, by 
    submission of the notice specified in Sec. 65.167(a) before 
    implementing the change. Upon implementing the change, the provisions 
    specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) as applicable shall be 
    followed.
        (i) Replace final recovery device. If an owner or operator elects 
    to replace the final recovery device on a process vent with a carbon 
    adsorber used as a control device, the owner or operator shall comply 
    with the applicable provisions of Secs. 65.63(e) and 65.67(b) of 
    subpart D of this part.
        (ii) Replace control device. If an owner or operator elects to 
    replace a control device on a Group 1 process vent or transfer rack 
    with a carbon adsorber used as a recapture device, the owner or 
    operator shall perform a performance test using the methods specified 
    in Secs. 65.157 and 65.158 within 180 days. The performance test report 
    shall be submitted to the Administrator within 60 days of completing 
    the test as provided in Sec. 65.164(b)(2).
        (c) Carbon adsorber monitoring requirements. (1) Where a carbon 
    adsorber is used as a control device, an organic monitoring device 
    capable of providing a continuous record or an integrating regeneration 
    stream flow monitoring device having an accuracy of 10 
    percent or better capable of recording the total regeneration stream 
    mass or volumetric flow for each regeneration cycle and a carbon-bed 
    temperature monitoring device, capable of recording the carbon bed 
    temperature after each regeneration and within 15 minutes of completing 
    any cooling cycle shall be used. Monitoring results shall be recorded 
    as specified in Sec. 65.161. General requirements for monitoring and 
    continuous parameter monitoring systems are contained in Sec. 65.156.
        (2) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the carbon adsorber. 
    Where the regeneration stream flow and carbon-bed temperature are 
    monitored, the range shall be in terms of the total regeneration stream 
    flow per regeneration cycle and the temperature of the carbon-bed 
    determined within 15 minutes of the completion of the regeneration 
    cooling cycle. In order to establish the range, the information 
    required in Sec. 65.165(c) shall be submitted in the Initial Compliance 
    Status Report or the operating permit application or amendment. The 
    range may be based upon a prior performance test meeting the 
    specifications in Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or upon existing ranges or limits 
    established under a referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.153  Absorbers, condensers, carbon adsorbers and other recovery 
    devices used as final recovery devices.
    
        (a) Final recovery device equipment and operating requirements. (1) 
    Owners or operators using a recovery device to meet the requirement to 
    operate and maintain a TRE above 1.0 as specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(3) 
    of subpart D of this part for process vents shall meet the requirements 
    of this section.
        (2) Recovery devices used to comply with the provisions of this 
    subpart shall be operated at all times when emissions are vented to 
    them.
        (b) Recovery device performance test requirements. (1) There are no 
    performance test requirements for recovery devices. Records of TRE 
    index value determination shall be generated as specified in 
    Sec. 65.160(c).
        (2) Replace a final recovery device or control device. Unless 
    already permitted by the applicable title V permit, if an owner or 
    operator elects to use a recovery device to replace an existing final 
    recovery or control device at a later date, the owner or operator shall 
    notify the Administrator, either by amendment of the regulated source's 
    title V permit or, if title V is not applicable, by submission of the 
    notice specified in Sec. 65.167(a) before implementing the change. Upon 
    implementing the change, the owner or operator shall comply with the 
    applicable provisions of Secs. 65.63(e) and 65.67(b) of subpart D of 
    this part.
        (c) Recovery device monitoring requirements. (1) Where an absorber 
    is
    
    [[Page 57862]]
    
    the final recovery device in the recovery system and the TRE index 
    value is between 1.0 and 4.0, either an organic monitoring device 
    capable of providing a continuous record or a scrubbing liquid 
    temperature monitoring device and a specific gravity monitoring device, 
    each capable of providing a continuous record shall be used. Monitoring 
    results shall be recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General 
    requirements for monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems 
    are contained in Sec. 65.156.
        (2) Where a condenser is the final recovery device in the recovery 
    system and the TRE index value is between 1.0 and 4.0, an organic 
    monitoring device capable of providing a continuous record or a 
    condenser exit (product side) temperature monitoring device capable of 
    providing a continuous record shall be used. Monitoring results shall 
    be recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General requirements for 
    monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems are contained in 
    Sec. 65.156.
        (3) Where a carbon adsorber is the final recovery device in the 
    recovery system and the TRE index value is between 1.0 and 4.0, an 
    organic monitoring device capable of providing a continuous record; or 
    an integrating regeneration stream flow monitoring device having an 
    accuracy of 10 percent or better, capable of recording the 
    total regeneration stream mass or volumetric flow for each regeneration 
    cycle, and a carbon-bed temperature monitoring device, capable of 
    recording the carbon-bed temperature after each regeneration and within 
    15 minutes of completing any cooling cycle shall be used. Monitoring 
    results shall be recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General 
    requirements for monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems 
    are contained in Sec. 65.156.
        (4) Unless previously approved by the Administrator under an 
    applicable standard prior to the implementation date of this part, as 
    specified in Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part, if an owner or 
    operator uses a recovery device other than those listed in this 
    subpart, the owner or operator shall submit a description of planned 
    monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping procedures as required under 
    Sec. 65.162(e). The Administrator will approve or deny the proposed 
    monitoring, reporting and recordkeeping requirements as part of the 
    review of the submission or permit application or by other appropriate 
    means.
        (5) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the recovery device. In 
    order to establish the range, the information required in 
    Sec. 65.165(c) shall be submitted in the Initial Compliance Status 
    Report or the operating permit application or amendment. The range may 
    be based upon a prior performance test meeting the specifications in 
    Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or upon existing ranges or limits established under a 
    referencing subpart. Where the regeneration stream flow and carbon-bed 
    temperature are monitored, the range shall be in terms of the total 
    regeneration stream flow per regeneration cycle and the temperature of 
    the carbon-bed determined within 15 minutes of the completion of the 
    regeneration cooling cycle.
    
    
    Sec. 65.154  Halogen scrubbers and other halogen reduction devices.
    
        (a) Halogen scrubber and other halogen reduction device equipment 
    and operating requirements. (1) An owner or operator of halogen 
    scrubbers and other halogen reduction devices subject to this subpart 
    shall reduce the overall emissions of hydrogen halides and halogens by 
    99 percent or reduce the outlet mass of total hydrogen halides and 
    halogens to less than 0.45 kilograms per hour (0.99 pound per hour) as 
    specified in Sec. 65.63(b) of subpart D of this part for process vents 
    or Sec. 65.83(b) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks, as 
    applicable, and shall meet the requirements of this section.
        (2) Halogen scrubbers and other halogen reduction devices used to 
    comply with the provisions of this subpart shall be operated at all 
    times when emissions are vented to them.
        (b) Halogen scrubber and other halogen reduction device performance 
    test requirements. (1) Unless an initial performance test was 
    previously conducted and submitted under the referencing subpart, an 
    owner or operator of a combustion device followed by a halogen scrubber 
    or other halogen reduction device to control halogenated vent streams 
    in accordance with Sec. 65.63(b)(1) of subpart D of this part for 
    process vents or Sec. 65.83(b)(1) of subpart E of this part for 
    transfer racks shall conduct an initial performance test to determine 
    compliance with the control efficiency or emission limits for hydrogen 
    halides and halogens according to the procedures in Secs. 65.157 and 
    65.158. Performance test records shall be kept as specified in 
    Sec. 65.160(a) and (b) and a performance test report shall be submitted 
    as specified in Sec. 65.164.
        (2) Unless the halogen atom mass emission rate was previously 
    determined under the referencing subpart, an owner or operator of a 
    halogen scrubber or other halogen reduction technique to reduce the 
    vent stream halogen atom mass emission rate to less than 0.45 kilogram 
    per hour (0.99 pound per hour) prior to a combustion device used to 
    comply with Sec. 65.63(b)(2) of subpart D of this part for process 
    vents or Sec. 65.83(b)(2) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks 
    shall determine the halogen atom mass emission rate prior to the 
    combustor according to the procedures in Sec. 65.64(g) of subpart D of 
    this part or Sec. 65.83(b)(3) of subpart E of this part. Records of the 
    halogen concentration in the vent stream shall be generated as 
    specified in Sec. 65.160(d).
        (c) Halogen scrubber and other halogen reduction device monitoring 
    requirements. (1) Where a halogen scrubber is used, the monitoring 
    equipment specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (c)(1)(ii) of this 
    section is required for the scrubber. Monitoring results shall be 
    recorded as specified in Sec. 65.161. General requirements for 
    monitoring and continuous parameter monitoring systems are contained in 
    Sec. 65.156.
        (i) A pH monitoring device capable of providing a continuous record 
    shall be installed to monitor the pH of the scrubber effluent.
        (ii) A flow meter capable of providing a continuous record shall be 
    located at the scrubber influent for liquid flow. Gas stream flow shall 
    be determined using one of the procedures specified in paragraphs 
    (c)(1)(ii)(A) through (c)(1)(ii)(C) of this section.
        (A) The owner or operator may determine gas stream flow using the 
    design blower capacity, with appropriate adjustments for pressure drop.
        (B) If the scrubber is subject to regulations in 40 CFR parts 264 
    through 266 that have required a determination of the liquid to gas (L/
    G) ratio prior to the applicable compliance date for the chemical 
    manufacturing process unit of which it is part as specified in 40 CFR 
    63.100(k) of subpart F (if the referencing subpart is 40 CFR part 63, 
    subpart F) or prior to the implementation date as specified in 
    Sec. 65.1(f) of subpart A of this part (for all other referencing 
    subparts), the owner or operator may determine gas stream flow by the 
    method that had been utilized to comply with those regulations. A 
    determination that was conducted prior to that compliance date may be 
    utilized to comply with this subpart if it is still representative.
        (C) The owner or operator may prepare and implement a gas stream 
    flow determination plan that documents an appropriate method that will 
    be used to determine the gas stream flow. The plan shall require 
    determination of gas stream flow by a method that will at
    
    [[Page 57863]]
    
    least provide a value for either a representative or the highest gas 
    stream flow anticipated in the scrubber during representative operating 
    conditions other than startups, shutdowns, or malfunctions. The plan 
    shall include a description of the methodology to be followed and an 
    explanation of how the selected methodology will reliably determine the 
    gas stream flow and a description of the records that will be 
    maintained to document the determination of gas stream flow. The owner 
    or operator shall maintain the plan as specified in Sec. 65.5 of 
    subpart A of this part.
        (2) Where a halogen reduction device other than a scrubber is used, 
    the procedures in Sec. 65.162(e) shall be followed to establish 
    monitoring parameters.
        (3) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the scrubber or other 
    halogen reduction device. In order to establish the range, the 
    information required in Sec. 65.165(c) shall be submitted in the 
    Initial Compliance Status Report or the operating permit application or 
    amendment. The range may be based upon a prior performance test meeting 
    the specifications in Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or upon existing ranges or 
    limits established under a referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.155  Other control devices.
    
        (a) Other control device equipment and operating requirements. (1) 
    Owners or operators using a control device other than one listed in 
    Secs. 65.147 through 65.152 to meet the 98 weight-percent emission 
    reduction or 20 parts per million by volume outlet concentration 
    requirements specified in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart D of this part or 
    40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD for process vents or 
    Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks, as 
    applicable, shall meet the requirements of this section.
        (2) Other control devices used to comply with the provisions of 
    this subpart shall be operated at all times when emissions are vented 
    to them.
        (b) Other control device performance test requirements. Unless an 
    initial performance test was previously conducted and submitted under 
    the referencing subpart, an owner or operator of a control device other 
    than those specified in Secs. 65.147 through 65.152, to comply with 
    Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of subpart D of this part for process vents or 
    Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part for transfer racks shall 
    perform an initial performance test according to the procedures in 
    Secs. 65.157 and 65.158. Performance test records shall be kept as 
    specified in Sec. 65.160(a) and (b) and a performance test report shall 
    be submitted as specified in Sec. 65.164.
        (c) Other control device monitoring requirements. (1) Unless 
    previously submitted and approved under the referencing subpart, if an 
    owner or operator uses a control device other than those listed in this 
    subpart, the owner or operator shall submit a description of planned 
    monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping procedures as required under 
    Sec. 65.162(e). The Administrator will approve, deny, or modify based 
    on the reasonableness of the proposed monitoring, reporting, and 
    recordkeeping requirements as part of the review of the submission or 
    permit application or by other appropriate means.
        (2) The owner or operator shall establish a range for monitored 
    parameters that indicates proper operation of the control device. To 
    establish the range, the information required in Sec. 65.165(c) shall 
    be submitted in the Initial Compliance Status Report or the operating 
    permit application or amendment. The range may be based upon a prior 
    performance test meeting the specifications in Sec. 65.157(b)(1) or 
    upon existing ranges or limits established under a referencing subpart.
    
    
    Sec. 65.156  General monitoring requirements for control and recovery 
    devices.
    
        (a) General monitoring requirement applicability. (1) This section 
    applies to the owner or operator of a regulated source required to 
    monitor under this subpart.
        (2) Flares subject to Sec. 65.147(c) are not subject to the 
    requirements of this section.
        (3) Flow indicators are not subject to the requirements of this 
    section.
        (b) Conduct of monitoring. (1) Monitoring shall be conducted as set 
    forth in this section and in the relevant sections of this subpart 
    unless the provision in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of 
    this section applies.
        (i) The Administrator specifies or approves the use of minor 
    changes in methodology for the specified monitoring requirements and 
    procedures; or
        (ii) The Administrator approves the use of alternatives to any 
    monitoring requirements or procedures as provided in Sec. 65.7(b), (c), 
    and (d) of subpart A of this part.
        (2) When one CPMS is used as a backup to another CPMS, the owner or 
    operator shall report the results from the CPMS used to meet the 
    monitoring requirements of this subpart. If both such CPMS are used 
    during a particular reporting period to meet the monitoring 
    requirements of this part, then the owner or operator shall report the 
    results from each CPMS for the relevant compliance period.
        (c) Operation and maintenance of continuous parameter monitoring 
    systems.  (1) All monitoring equipment shall be installed, calibrated, 
    maintained, and operated according to manufacturers specifications or 
    other written procedures that provide adequate assurance that the 
    equipment would reasonably be expected to monitor accurately.
        (2) The owner or operator of a regulated source shall maintain and 
    operate each CPMS as specified in this section or in a relevant 
    subpart, and in a manner consistent with good air pollution control 
    practices.
        (i) The owner or operator of a regulated source shall ensure the 
    immediate repair or replacement of CPMS parts to correct ``routine'' or 
    otherwise predictable CPMS malfunctions. The necessary parts for 
    routine repairs of the affected equipment shall be readily available.
        (ii) Except for Group 2A process vents, if the startup, shutdown, 
    and malfunction plan is followed during a CPMS startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction and the CPMS is repaired immediately, this action shall be 
    reported in the semiannual startup, shutdown, and malfunction report 
    required under Sec. 65.6(b)(1) of subpart A of this part.
        (iii) The Administrator's determination of whether acceptable 
    operation and maintenance procedures are being used for the CPMS will 
    be based on information that may include, but is not limited to, review 
    of operation and maintenance procedures, operation and maintenance 
    records, manufacturer's recommendations and specifications, and 
    inspection of the CPMS.
        (3) All CPMS's shall be installed and operational, and the data 
    verified as specified in this subpart either prior to or in conjunction 
    with conducting performance tests. Verification of operational status 
    shall, at a minimum, include completion of the manufacturer's written 
    specifications or recommendations for installation, operation, and 
    calibration of the system or other written procedures that provide 
    adequate assurance that the equipment would reasonably be expected to 
    monitor accurately.
        (4) All CPMS shall be installed such that representative 
    measurements of
    
    [[Page 57864]]
    
    parameters from the regulated source are obtained.
        (5) In accordance with Sec. 65.3(a)(3) of subpart A of this part, 
    except for system breakdowns, repairs, maintenance periods, instrument 
    adjustments or checks to maintain precision and accuracy, calibration 
    checks, and zero and span adjustments, all CPMS shall be in continuous 
    operation when emissions are being routed to the monitored device.
        (d) Except for Group 2A process vents, the parameter monitoring 
    data shall be used to determine compliance with the required operating 
    conditions for the monitored control devices. For each excursion, 
    except for excused excursions, the owner or operator shall be deemed to 
    have failed to have applied the control in a manner that achieves the 
    required operating conditions.
        (1) An excursion means any of the three cases listed in paragraphs 
    (d)(1)(i) through (d)(1)(iii) of this section. For a control device 
    where multiple parameters are monitored, if one or more of the 
    parameters meets the excursion criteria in paragraph (d)(1)(i), 
    (d)(1)(ii), or (d)(1)(iii), this is considered a single excursion for 
    the control device.
        (i) When the daily average value of one or more monitored 
    parameters is outside the permitted range.
        (ii) When the period of control or recovery device operation is 4 
    hours or greater in an operating day and monitoring data are 
    insufficient to constitute a valid hour of data for at least 75 percent 
    of the operating hours.
        (iii) When the period of control or recovery device operation is 
    less than 4 hours in an operating day and more than 1 hour during the 
    period of operation does not constitute a valid hour of data due to 
    insufficient monitoring data.
        (iv) Monitoring data are insufficient to constitute a valid hour of 
    data as used in paragraphs (d)(1)(ii) and (d)(1)(iii) of this section, 
    if measured values are unavailable for any of the 15-minute periods 
    within the hour. For data compression systems approved under 
    Sec. 65.162(d)(4), monitoring data are insufficient to calculate a 
    valid hour of data if there are less than four data values recorded 
    during the hour.
        (2) One excused excursion for each control device or recovery 
    device for each semiannual period is allowed.
        (3) The excursions described in paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through 
    (d)(3)(iii) of this section are not violations, and do not count as 
    excused excursions.
        (i) Excursions which occur during periods of startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction, when the source is being operated during such periods in 
    accordance with its startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan as required 
    by Sec. 65.6 of subpart A.
        (ii) Excursions which occur due to failure to collect a valid hour 
    of data during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction, when the 
    source is being operated during such periods in accordance with its 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan as required by Sec. 65.6 of 
    subpart A.
        (iii) Excursions which occur during periods of nonoperation of the 
    regulated source or portion thereof, resulting in cessation of the 
    emissions to which monitoring applies.
        (4) Nothing in paragraph (d) of this section shall be construed to 
    allow or excuse a monitoring parameter excursion caused by any activity 
    that violates other applicable provisions of this part.
        (5) Paragraph (d) of this section, except paragraph (d)(3) of this 
    section, shall apply only to emission points and control devices for 
    which continuous monitoring is required by this subpart.
        (e) Alternative monitoring parameter. An owner or operator may 
    request approval to monitor control, recovery, halogen scrubber, or 
    halogen reduction device operating parameters other than those 
    specified in this subpart by following the procedures specified in 
    Sec. 65.162(e).
    
    
    Sec. 65.157  Performance test and flare compliance determination 
    requirements.
    
        (a) Performance tests and flare compliance determinations. Where 
    Secs. 65.145 through 65.155 require or the owner or operator elects to 
    conduct a performance test of a nonflare control device or a halogen 
    reduction device, or a compliance determination for a flare, the 
    requirements of paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section apply.
        (b) Prior test results and waivers. Initial performance tests and 
    initial flare compliance determinations are required only as specified 
    in this subpart.
        (1) Unless requested by the Administrator, an owner or operator is 
    not required to conduct a performance test or flare compliance 
    determination under this subpart if a prior performance test or 
    compliance determination was conducted using the same methods specified 
    in Sec. 65.158 and either no process changes have been made since the 
    test or the owner or operator can demonstrate that the results of the 
    performance test, with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate 
    compliance despite process changes.
        (2) Individual performance tests and flare compliance 
    determinations may be waived upon written application to the 
    Administrator per Sec. 65.164(b)(3) if, in the Administrator's 
    judgment, the source is meeting the relevant standard(s) on a 
    continuous basis, or the source is being operated under an extension of 
    compliance under 40 CFR part 63 or a waiver of compliance under 40 CFR 
    part 61, or the owner or operator has requested an extension of 
    compliance under 40 CFR part 63 or a waiver of compliance under 40 CFR 
    part 61, and the Administrator is still considering that request.
        (3) Approval of any waiver granted under this section shall not 
    abrogate the Administrator's authority under the Act or in any way 
    prohibit the Administrator from later canceling the waiver. The 
    cancellation will be made only after notification is given to the owner 
    or operator of the source.
        (c) Performance tests and flare compliance determinations schedule.
        (1) Unless a waiver of performance testing or flare compliance 
    determination is obtained under this section or the conditions of 
    another subpart of this part, the owner or operator shall perform such 
    tests specified in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (c)(1)(vii) of this 
    section.
        (i) Within 180 days after the effective date of a relevant standard 
    for a new source that has an initial startup date before the effective 
    date of that standard; or
        (ii) Within 180 days after initial startup for a new source that 
    has an initial startup date after the effective date of a relevant 
    standard; or
        (iii) Within 180 days after the compliance date specified in a 
    referencing subpart for an existing source or within 180 days after 
    startup of an existing source if the source begins operation after the 
    effective date of the relevant 40 CFR part 63 emission standard; or
        (iv) Within 180 days after the compliance date for an existing 
    source subject to an emission standard established pursuant to section 
    112(f) of the Act; or
        (v) Within 180 days after the termination date of the source's 
    extension of compliance or a waiver of compliance for an existing 
    source that obtains an extension of compliance under 40 CFR 63.6(i) of 
    subpart A or a waiver of compliance under 40 CFR 61.11 of subpart A; or
        (vi) Within 180 days after the compliance date for a new source, 
    subject to an emission standard established pursuant to section 112(f) 
    of the Act, for which construction or reconstruction is commenced after 
    the proposal date of a relevant standard
    
    [[Page 57865]]
    
    established pursuant to section 112(d) of the Act but before the 
    proposal date of the relevant standard established pursuant to section 
    112(f) [see 40 CFR 63.6(b)(4) of subpart A]; or
        (vii) When an emission standard promulgated under part 63 is more 
    stringent than the standard that was proposed [see 40 CFR 63.6(b)(3) of 
    subpart A], the owner or operator of a new or reconstructed source 
    subject to that standard for which construction or reconstruction is 
    commenced between the proposal and promulgation dates of the standard 
    shall comply with performance testing requirements within 180 days 
    after the standard's effective date or within 180 days after startup of 
    the source, whichever is later. If the promulgated standard is more 
    stringent than the proposed standard, the owner or operator may choose 
    to demonstrate compliance with either the proposed or the promulgated 
    standard. If the owner or operator chooses to comply with the proposed 
    standard initially, the owner or operator shall conduct a second 
    performance test within 3 years and 180 days after the effective date 
    of the standard, or after startup of the source, whichever is later, to 
    demonstrate compliance with the promulgated standard.
        (2) The Administrator may require an owner or operator to conduct 
    performance tests and compliance determinations at the regulated source 
    at any time when the action is authorized by section 114 of the Act.
        (d) Performance testing facilities. If required to do performance 
    testing, the owner or operator of each new regulated source and, at the 
    request of the Administrator, the owner or operator of each existing 
    regulated source, shall provide performance testing facilities as 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of this section.
        (1) Sampling ports adequate for test methods applicable to such 
    source. This includes, as applicable, the requirements specified in 
    paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (d)(1)(ii) of this section.
        (i) Constructing the air pollution control system such that 
    volumetric flow rates and pollutant emission rates can be accurately 
    determined by applicable test methods and procedures; and
        (ii) Providing a stack or duct free of cyclonic flow during 
    performance tests as demonstrated by applicable test methods and 
    procedures.
        (2) Safe sampling platform(s);
        (3) Safe access to sampling platform(s);
        (4) Utilities for sampling and testing equipment; and
        (5) Any other facilities that the Administrator deems necessary for 
    safe and adequate testing of a source.
    
    
    Sec. 65.158  Performance test procedures for control devices.
    
        (a) General procedures. Where Secs. 65.145 through 65.155 require 
    or the owner or operator elects to conduct a performance test of a 
    control device or a halogen reduction device, an owner or operator 
    shall follow the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of 
    this section, as applicable.
        (1) Performance tests shall be conducted at maximum representative 
    operating conditions for the process unless the Administrator specifies 
    or approves alternate operating conditions. During the performance 
    test, an owner or operator may operate the control or halogen reduction 
    device at maximum or minimum representative operating conditions for 
    monitored control or halogen reduction device parameters, whichever 
    results in lower emission reduction. Operations during periods of 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative 
    conditions for the purpose of a performance test.
        (2) Performance tests shall be conducted and data shall be reduced 
    in accordance with the test methods and procedures set forth in this 
    subpart, in each relevant standard, and, if required, in applicable 
    appendices of 40 CFR parts 51, 60, 61, and 63 unless the Administrator 
    allows revisions to the test methods as specified in one or more of the 
    paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (a)(2)(v) of this section.
        (i) The Administrator specifies or approves, in specific cases, the 
    use of a test method with minor changes in methodology; or
        (ii) The Administrator approves the use of an alternative test 
    method, the results of which the Administrator has determined to be 
    adequate for indicating whether a specific regulated source is in 
    compliance. The alternative method or data shall be validated using the 
    applicable procedures of Method 301 of appendix A of 40 CFR part 63; or
        (iii) The Administrator approves shorter sampling times and smaller 
    sample volumes when necessitated by process variables or other factors; 
    or
        (iv) The Administrator waives the requirement for the performance 
    test as provided in Sec. 65.157(b)(2) because the owner or operator of 
    a regulated source has demonstrated by other means to the 
    Administrator's satisfaction that the regulated source is in compliance 
    with the relevant standard; or
        (v) The Administrator approves the use of an equivalent method.
        (3) Each performance test shall consist of three separate runs 
    using the applicable test method. Except as provided in paragraphs 
    (a)(3)(i) and (a)(3)(ii) of this section, each run shall be conducted 
    for at least 1 hour and under the conditions specified in this section. 
    For the purpose of determining compliance with an applicable standard, 
    the arithmetic mean of results of the three runs shall apply. In the 
    event that a sample is accidentally lost or conditions occur in which 
    one of the three runs must be discontinued because of forced shutdown, 
    failure of an irreplaceable portion of the sample train, extreme 
    meteorological conditions, or other circumstances beyond the owner or 
    operator's control, compliance may, upon the Administrator's approval, 
    be determined using the arithmetic mean of the results of the two other 
    runs.
        (i) For control devices that are used to control emissions from 
    transfer racks (except low-throughput transfer racks), and that are 
    capable of continuous vapor processing but do not handle continuous 
    emissions or emissions from transfer racks that load simultaneously 
    from multiple loading arms each run shall represent at least one 
    complete tank truck or tank car loading period during which regulated 
    materials are loaded, and samples shall be collected using integrated 
    sampling or grab samples taken at least four times per hour at 
    approximately equal intervals of time, such as 15-minute intervals.
        (ii) For intermittent vapor processing systems used for controlling 
    transfer rack emissions (except low-throughput transfer racks) that do 
    not handle continuous emissions or multiple loading arms of a transfer 
    rack that load simultaneously, each run shall represent at least one 
    complete control device cycle, and samples shall be collected using 
    integrated sampling or grab samples taken at least four times per hour 
    at approximately equal intervals of time, such as 15-minute intervals.
        (b) Test methods. Where Secs. 65.145 through 65.155 require or the 
    owner or operator elects to conduct a performance test of a control 
    device or a halogen reduction device, an owner or operator shall 
    conduct that performance test using the procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) 
    through (b)(4) of this section, as applicable. The regulated material 
    concentration and percent reduction may be measured as either total 
    regulated material or as TOC minus methane and ethane according to the 
    procedures specified.
        (1) Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate, 
    shall be used for selection of the sampling sites.
    
    [[Page 57866]]
    
        (i) For determination of compliance with a percent reduction 
    requirement of total regulated material or TOC, sampling sites shall be 
    located at the inlet of the control device as specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(1)(i)(A) and (b)(1)(i)(B) of this section and at the outlet of the 
    control device.
        (A) For process vents, the control device inlet sampling site shall 
    be located after the final product recovery device.
        (B) If a vent stream is introduced with the combustion air or as a 
    secondary fuel into a boiler or process heater with a design capacity 
    less than 44 megawatts (150 million British thermal units per hour), 
    selection of the location of the inlet sampling sites shall ensure the 
    measurement of total regulated material or TOC (minus methane and 
    ethane) concentrations, as applicable, in all vent streams and primary 
    and secondary fuels introduced into the boiler or process heater.
        (ii) For determination of compliance with the 20 parts per million 
    by volume total regulated material or TOC limit in Sec. 65.63(a)(2) of 
    subpart D of this part, Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part, and 
    40 CFR 60.562-1(a)(1)(i)(A) of subpart DDD, the sampling site shall be 
    located at the outlet of the control device.
        (2) The gas volumetric flow rate shall be determined using Method 
    2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, as appropriate.
        (3) To determine compliance with the 20 parts per million by volume 
    total regulated material or TOC (minus methane and ethane) limit, the 
    owner or operator shall use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, to 
    measure either TOC minus methane and ethane or total regulated 
    material, as applicable. Alternatively, any other method or data that 
    have been validated according to the applicable procedures in Method 
    301 of appendix A of 40 CFR part 63, may be used. Method 25A may be 
    used for transfer racks as detailed in paragraph (b)(3)(iv) of this 
    section. The procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through 
    (b)(3)(iv) of this section shall be used to calculate parts per million 
    by volume concentration, corrected to 3 percent oxygen.
        (i) Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (a)(3)(ii) of 
    this section, the minimum sampling time for each run shall be 1 hour in 
    which either an integrated sample or a minimum of four grab samples 
    shall be taken. If grab sampling is used, then the samples shall be 
    taken at approximately equal intervals in time, such as 15 minute 
    intervals during the run.
        (ii) The concentration of either TOC (minus methane or ethane) or 
    total regulated material shall be calculated according to paragraph 
    (b)(3)(ii)(A) or (b)(3)(ii)(B) of this section.
        (A) The TOC concentration (CTOC) is the sum of the 
    concentrations of the individual components and shall be computed for 
    each run using equation 158-1.
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.010
    
    Where:
    
    CREG, or
    CTOC = Concentration of total regulated material or 
    concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane), dry basis, parts per 
    million by volume.
    x = Number of samples in the sample run.
    n = Number of components in the sample.
    Cji = Concentration of sample components j of sample i, dry 
    basis, parts per million by volume.
    
        (B) The total regulated material (CREG) shall be 
    computed according to equation 158-1 except that only the regulated 
    species shall be summed. Where the regulated material is organic HAP's, 
    the list of organic HAP's provided in table 2 of 40 CFR part 63, 
    subpart F, shall be used.
        (iii) The concentration of TOC or total regulated material, as 
    applicable, shall be corrected to 3 percent oxygen if a combustion 
    device is the control device.
        (A) The emission rate correction factor (or excess air) integrated 
    sampling and analysis procedures of Method 3B of 40 CFR part 60, 
    appendix A, shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration. The 
    sampling site shall be the same as that of the regulated material or 
    organic compound samples, and the samples shall be taken during the 
    same time that the regulated material or organic compound samples are 
    taken.
        (B) The concentration corrected to 3 percent oxygen (Cc) 
    shall be computed using equation 158-2.
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.011
    
    Where:
    
    Cc = Concentration of TOC or regulated material corrected to 
    3 percent oxygen, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
    Cm = Concentration of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or 
    regulated material, dry basis, parts per million by volume.
    %O2d = Concentration of oxygen, dry basis, percentage by 
    volume.
    
        (iv) Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A may be used for the 
    purpose of determining compliance with the 20 parts per million by 
    volume limit specified in Sec. 65.83(a)(1) of subpart E of this part 
    for transfer racks. If Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A is 
    used, the procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(iv)(A) through 
    (b)(3)(iv)(D) of this section shall be used to calculate the 
    concentration of organic compounds (CTOC).
        (A) The principal organic HAP in the vent stream shall be used as 
    the calibration gas.
        (B) The span value for Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, 
    shall be between 1.5 and 2.5 times the concentration being measured.
        (C) Use of Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, is acceptable 
    if the response from the high-level calibration gas is at least 20 
    times the standard deviation of the response from the zero calibration 
    gas when the instrument is zeroed on the most sensitive scale.
        (D) The concentration of TOC shall be corrected to 3 percent oxygen 
    using the procedures and equation in paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this 
    section.
        (4) To determine compliance with a percent reduction requirement, 
    the owner or operator shall use Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix 
    A; alternatively, any other method or data that have been validated 
    according to the applicable procedures in Method 301 of appendix A of 
    40 CFR part 63 may be used. Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A 
    may be used for transfer racks as detailed in paragraph (b)(4)(v) of 
    this section. Procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through 
    (b)(4)(v) of this section shall be used to calculate percent reduction 
    efficiency.
        (i) The minimum sampling time for each run shall be 1 hour in which 
    either an integrated sample or a minimum of four grab samples shall be 
    taken. If grab sampling is used, then the samples shall be taken at 
    approximately equal intervals in time, such as 15-minute intervals 
    during the run.
        (ii) The mass rate of either TOC (minus methane and ethane) or 
    total regulated material (Ei, Eo) shall be 
    computed as applicable.
        (A) Equations 158-3 and 158-4 shall be used.
        [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.012
        
    
    [[Page 57867]]
    
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.013
    
    
    Where:
    
    Ei, Eo = Emission rate of TOC (minus methane and 
    ethane) (ETOC) or emission rate of total organic HAP 
    (EHAP) in the sample at the inlet and outlet of the control 
    device, respectively, dry basis, kilogram per hour.
    K2 = Constant, 2.494  x  10-6 (parts per 
    million)-1 (gram-mole per standard cubic meter) (kilogram 
    per gram) (minute per hour), where standard temperature (gram-mole per 
    standard cubic meter) is 20  deg.C.
    n = Number of components in the sample.
    Cij, Coj = Concentration on a dry basis of 
    organic compound j in parts per million by volume of the gas stream at 
    the inlet and outlet of the control device, respectively. If the TOC 
    emission rate is being calculated, Cij and Coj 
    include all organic compounds measured minus methane and ethane; if the 
    total organic HAP emissions rate is being calculated, only organic HAP 
    are included.
    Mij, Moj = Molecular weight of organic compound 
    j, gram per gram-mole, of the gas stream at the inlet and outlet of the 
    control device, respectively.
    Qi, Qo = Process vent flow rate, dry standard 
    cubic meter per minute, at a temperature of 20  deg.C, at the inlet and 
    outlet of the control device, respectively.
    
        (B) Where the mass rate of TOC is being calculated, all organic 
    compounds (minus methane and ethane) measured by Method 18 of 40 CFR 
    part 60, appendix A, are summed using equations 158-3 and 158-4.
        (C) Where the mass rate of total regulated material is being 
    calculated, only the species comprising the regulated material shall be 
    summed using equations 158-3 and 158-4. Where the regulated material is 
    organic HAP's, the list of organic HAP's provided in table 2 of 40 CFR 
    part 63, subpart F, shall be used.
        (iii) The percent reduction in TOC (minus methane and ethane) or 
    total regulated material shall be calculated using equation 158-5.
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.014
    
    Where:
    
    R = Control efficiency of control device, percent.
    Ei=Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total 
    regulated material at the inlet to the control device as calculated 
    under paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section, kilograms TOC per hour or 
    kilograms regulated material per hour.
    Eo=Mass rate of TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total 
    regulated material at the outlet of the control device, as calculated 
    under paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section, kilograms TOC per hour or 
    kilograms total regulated material per hour.
    
        (iv) If the vent stream entering a boiler or process heater with a 
    design capacity less than 44 megawatts (150 million British thermal 
    units) is introduced with the combustion air or as a secondary fuel, 
    the weight-percent reduction of total regulated material or TOC (minus 
    methane and ethane) across the device shall be determined by comparing 
    the TOC (minus methane and ethane) or total regulated material in all 
    combusted vent streams and primary and secondary fuels with the TOC 
    (minus methane and ethane) or total regulated material exiting the 
    combustion device, respectively.
        (v) Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, may also be used for 
    the purpose of determining compliance with the percent reduction 
    requirement for transfer racks.
        (A) If Method 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, is used to measure 
    the concentration of organic compounds (CTOC), the principal 
    regulated material in the vent stream shall be used as the calibration 
    gas.
        (B) An emission testing interval shall consist of each 15-minute 
    period during the performance test. For each interval, a reading from 
    each measurement shall be recorded.
        (C) The average organic compound concentration and the volume 
    measurement shall correspond to the same emissions testing interval.
        (D) The mass at the inlet and outlet of the control device during 
    each testing interval shall be calculated using equation 158-6.
    
    Mj=F k Vs Ct    (158-6)
    
    Where:
    
    Mj=Mass of organic compounds emitted during testing interval 
    j, kilograms.
    F=10-6 = Conversion factor, (cubic meters regulated material 
    per cubic meters air) * (parts per million by volume)-1.
    K=Density, kilograms per standard cubic meter regulated material.
    =659 kilograms per standard cubic meter regulated material. (Note: The 
    density term cancels out when the percent reduction is calculated. 
    Therefore, the density used has no effect. The density of hexane is 
    given so that it can be used to maintain the units of Mj.)
    Vs=Volume of air-vapor mixture exhausted at standard 
    conditions, 20  deg.C and 760 millimeters of mercury (30 inches of 
    mercury), standard cubic meters.
    Ct=Total concentration of organic compounds (as measured) at 
    the exhaust vent, parts per million by volume, dry basis.
    
        (E) The organic compound mass emission rates at the inlet and 
    outlet of the control device shall be calculated as follows: where:
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.015
    
    [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP28OC98.016
    
    Where:
    
    Ei, Eo=Mass flow rate of organic compounds at the 
    inlet (i) and outlet (o) of the control device, kilograms per hour.
    n=Number of testing intervals.
    Mij, Moj=Mass of organic compounds at the inlet 
    (i) or outlet (o) during testing interval j, kilograms.
    T=Total time of all testing intervals, hours.
    
        (c) Halogen test method. An owner or operator using a halogen 
    scrubber or other halogen reduction device to control halogenated vent 
    streams in compliance with Sec. 65.63(b)(1) of subpart D of this part 
    for process vents or Sec. 65.83(b)(1) of subpart E of this part for 
    transfer racks, who is required to conduct a performance test to 
    determine compliance with the control efficiency or emission limits for 
    hydrogen halides and halogens, as specified in Sec. 65.154(b)(1) shall 
    follow the procedures specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of 
    this section.
        (1) For an owner or operator determining compliance with the 
    percent reduction of total hydrogen halides and halogens, sampling 
    sites shall be located at the inlet and outlet of the scrubber or other 
    halogen reduction device used to reduce halogen emissions. For an owner 
    or operator determining compliance with the less than 0.45 kilogram per 
    hour (0.99 pounds per hour) outlet emission limit for total hydrogen 
    halides and halogens,
    
    [[Page 57868]]
    
    the sampling site shall be located at the outlet of the scrubber or 
    other halogen reduction device and prior to any releases to the 
    atmosphere.
        (2) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, Method 
    26 or Method 26A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, shall be used to 
    determine the concentration, in milligrams per dry standard cubic 
    meter, of total hydrogen halides and halogens that may be present in 
    the vent stream. The mass emissions of each hydrogen halide and halogen 
    compound shall be calculated from the measured concentrations and the 
    gas stream flow rate.
        (3) To determine compliance with the percent removal efficiency, 
    the mass emissions for any hydrogen halides and halogens present at the 
    inlet of the halogen reduction device shall be summed together. The 
    mass emissions of the compounds present at the outlet of the scrubber 
    or other halogen reduction device shall be summed together. Percent 
    reduction shall be determined by comparison of the summed inlet and 
    outlet measurements.
        (4) To demonstrate compliance with the less than 0.45 kilogram per 
    hour (0.99 pound per hour) outlet emission limit, the test results must 
    show that the mass emission rate of total hydrogen halides and halogens 
    measured at the outlet of the scrubber or other halogen reduction 
    device is below 0.45 kilogram per hour (0.99 pound per hour).
    
    
    Sec. 65.159  Flare compliance determination and monitoring records.
    
        (a) Conditions of flare compliance determination records. Upon 
    request, the owner or operator shall make available to the 
    Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the 
    conditions of flare compliance determinations performed pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.147(b).
        (b) Flare compliance determination records. When using a flare to 
    comply with this subpart, record the information specified in 
    paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section for each flare 
    compliance determination performed pursuant to Sec. 65.147(b). As 
    specified in Sec. 65.164(a)(1), the owner or operator shall include 
    this information in the flare compliance determination report.
        (1) Flare design (i.e., steam-assisted, air-assisted, or 
    nonassisted);
        (2) All visible emission readings, heat content determinations, 
    flow rate measurements, and exit velocity determinations made during 
    the flare compliance determination; and
        (3) All periods during the flare compliance determination when all 
    pilot flames are absent or, if only the flare flame is monitored, all 
    periods when the flare flame is absent.
        (c) Monitoring records. Each owner or operator shall keep up to 
    date and readily accessible hourly records of whether the flare flame 
    or pilot flame monitors are continuously operating and whether the 
    flare flame or at least one pilot flame is continuously present. For 
    transfer racks, hourly records are required only while the transfer 
    vent stream is being vented.
        (d) Compliance records. (1) Each owner or operator shall keep 
    records of the times and duration of all periods during which the flare 
    flame and all the pilot flames are absent. This record shall be 
    submitted in the periodic reports as specified in Sec. 65.166(c).
        (2) Each owner or operator shall keep records of the times and 
    durations of all periods during which the flare flame or pilot flame 
    monitors are not operating.
    
    
    Sec. 65.160  Performance test and TRE index value determination 
    records.
    
        (a) Availability of performance tests records. Upon request, the 
    owner or operator shall make available to the Administrator such 
    records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance 
    tests performed pursuant to Sec. 65.148(b), Sec. 65.149(b), 
    Sec. 65.150(b), Sec. 65.151(b), Sec. 65.152(b), Sec. 65.154(b), or 
    Sec. 65.155(b).
        (b) Nonflare control device and halogen reduction device 
    performance test records. Each owner or operator subject to the 
    provisions of this subpart shall keep up-to-date, readily accessible 
    records of the data specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of 
    this section, as applicable, measured during each performance test 
    performed pursuant to Sec. 65.148(b), Sec. 65.149(b), Sec. 65.150(b), 
    Sec. 65.151(b), Sec. 65.152(b), Sec. 65.154(b), or Sec. 65.155(b), and 
    also include that data in the Initial Compliance Status Report as 
    specified in Sec. 65.164(a). The same data specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section, as applicable, shall be 
    submitted in the reports of all subsequently required performance tests 
    where either the emission control efficiency of a nonflare control 
    device or the outlet concentration of TOC or regulated material is 
    determined.
        (1) Nonflare combustion device. Where an owner or operator subject 
    to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this section seeks to demonstrate 
    compliance with a percent reduction requirement or a parts per million 
    by volume requirement using a nonflare combustion device, the 
    information specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (b)(1)(vi) of 
    this section shall be recorded.
        (i) For thermal incinerators, record the fire box temperature 
    averaged over the full period of the performance test.
        (ii) For catalytic incinerators, record the upstream and downstream 
    temperatures and the temperature difference across the catalyst bed 
    averaged over the full period of the performance test.
        (iii) For an incinerator, record the percent reduction of regulated 
    material or TOC achieved by the incinerator determined as specified in 
    Sec. 65.158(b)(4), as applicable, or the concentration of regulated 
    material or TOC (parts per million by volume, by compound) determined 
    as specified in Sec. 65.158(b)(3) at the outlet of the incinerator.
        (iv) For a boiler or process heater, record a description of the 
    location at which the vent stream is introduced into the boiler or 
    process heater.
        (v) For boilers or process heaters with a design heat input 
    capacity less than 44 megawatts (150 British thermal units per hour) 
    and where the vent stream is not introduced with or as the primary 
    fuel, record the fire box temperature averaged over the full period of 
    the performance test.
        (vi) For a boiler or process heater with a design heat input 
    capacity of less than 44 megawatts (150 British thermal units per hour) 
    and where the process vent stream is introduced with combustion air or 
    used as a secondary fuel and is not mixed with the primary fuel, record 
    the percent reduction of regulated material or TOC, or the 
    concentration of regulated material or TOC (parts per million by 
    volume, by compound) determined as specified in Sec. 65.158(b)(3) at 
    the outlet of the combustion device.
        (2) Other nonflare control devices. Where an owner or operator 
    seeks to use an absorber, condenser, or carbon adsorber as a control 
    device, the information specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through 
    (b)(2)(v) shall be recorded, as applicable.
        (i) Where an absorber is used as the control device, the exit 
    specific gravity and average exit temperature of the absorbing liquid 
    measured at least every 15 minutes and averaged over the same time 
    period as the performance test (both measured while the vent stream is 
    normally routed and constituted); or
        (ii) Where a condenser is used as the control device, the average 
    exit (product side) temperature measured at least every 15 minutes and 
    averaged over the same time period as the performance test while the 
    vent stream is routed and constituted normally; or
        (iii) Where a carbon adsorber is used as the control device, the 
    total regeneration stream mass flow during
    
    [[Page 57869]]
    
    each carbon-bed regeneration cycle during the period of the performance 
    test measured at least every 15 minutes and averaged over the same time 
    period as the performance test (full carbon-bed cycle), and temperature 
    of the carbon-bed after each regeneration during the period of the 
    performance test (and within 15 minutes of completion of any cooling 
    cycle or cycles); or
        (iv) As an alternative to paragraph (b)(2)(i), (b)(2)(ii), or 
    (b)(2)(iii) of this section, the concentration level or reading 
    indicated by the organics monitoring device at the outlet of the 
    absorber, condenser, or carbon adsorber measured at least every 15 
    minutes and averaged over the same time period as the performance test 
    while the vent stream is normally routed and constituted.
        (v) For an absorber, condenser, or carbon adsorber used as a 
    control device, the percent reduction of regulated material or TOC 
    achieved by the control device determined as specified in 
    Sec. 65.158(b)(4), or the concentration of regulated material or TOC 
    (parts per million by volume, by compound) determined as specified in 
    Sec. 65.158(b)(3) at the outlet of the control device.
        (3) Halogen reduction devices. When using a scrubber following a 
    combustion device to control a halogenated vent stream, record the 
    information specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (b)(3)(iii) of 
    this section.
        (i) The percent reduction or scrubber outlet mass emission rate of 
    total hydrogen halides and halogens as specified in Sec. 65.158(c).
        (ii) The pH of the scrubber effluent averaged over the time period 
    of the performance test; and
        (iii) The scrubber liquid-to-gas ratio averaged over the time 
    period of the performance test.
        (c) Recovery device monitoring records during the TRE index value 
    determination. For Group 2A process vents, the records specified in 
    paragraph (c)(1) through (c)(5) of this section, as applicable, shall 
    be maintained and they shall be reported as specified in 
    Sec. 65.164(a)(3).
        (1) Where an absorber is the final recovery device in the recovery 
    system, the exit specific gravity and average exit temperature of the 
    absorbing liquid measured at least every 15 minutes and averaged over 
    the same time period as the TRE index value determination (both 
    measured while the vent stream is normally routed and constituted); or
        (2) Where a condenser is the final recovery device in the recovery 
    system, the average exit (product side) temperature measured at least 
    every 15 minutes and averaged over the same time period as the TRE 
    index value determination while the vent stream is routed and 
    constituted normally; or
        (3) Where a carbon adsorber is the final recovery device in the 
    recovery system, the total regeneration stream mass flow measured at 
    least every 15 minutes and averaged over the same time during each 
    carbon-bed regeneration cycle during the period of the TRE index value 
    determination, and temperature of the carbon-bed after each 
    regeneration during the period of the TRE index value determination 
    (and within 15 minutes of completion of any cooling cycle or cycles); 
    or
        (4) As an alternative to paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), or (c)(3) of 
    this section, the concentration level or reading indicated by an 
    organics monitoring device at the outlet of the absorber, condenser, or 
    carbon adsorber measured at least every 15 minutes and averaged over 
    the same time period as the TRE index value determination while the 
    vent stream is normally routed and constituted.
        (5) All measurements and calculations performed to determine the 
    TRE index value of the vent stream as specified in Sec. 65.64(h) of 
    subpart D of this part.
        (d) Halogen concentration records. Record the halogen concentration 
    in the vent stream determined according to the procedures as specified 
    in Sec. 65.63(b) of subpart D of this part or Sec. 65.83(b) of subpart 
    E of this part. Submit this record in the Initial Compliance Status 
    Report, as specified in Sec. 65.165(d).
    
    
    Sec. 65.161  Continuous records and monitoring system data handling.
    
        (a) Required records. Where this subpart requires a monitoring 
    device capable of providing a continuous record, the owner or operator 
    shall maintain the record specified in paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), 
    (a)(3), or (a)(4) of this section, as applicable. The provisions of 
    this section apply to owners and operators of storage vessels and low-
    throughput transfer racks only if specified by the applicable 
    monitoring plan established under Sec. 65.165(c)(1) and (c)(2).
        (1) A record of values measured at least once every 15 minutes or 
    each measured value for systems that measure more frequently than once 
    every 15 minutes; or
        (2) A record of block average values for 15-minute or shorter 
    periods calculated from all measured data values during each period or 
    from at least one measured data value per minute if measured more 
    frequently than once per minute; or
        (3) A record of block hourly average values calculated from each 
    15-minute block average period or from at least one measured value per 
    minute if measured more frequently than once per minute, and a record 
    of the most recent 3 valid hours of continuous (15-minute or shorter) 
    records meeting the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this 
    section.
        (4) A record as required by an alternative approved under 
    Sec. 65.162(d).
        (b) Excluded data. Monitoring data recorded during periods 
    identified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this section shall 
    not be included in any average computed to determine compliance under 
    this subpart.
        (1) Monitoring system breakdowns, repairs, preventive maintenance, 
    calibration checks, and zero (low-level) and high-level adjustments;
        (2) Periods of non-operation of the process unit (or portion 
    thereof), resulting in cessation of the emissions to which the 
    monitoring applies; and
        (3) Startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions.
        (c) Additional records. In addition to the records specified in 
    paragraph (a) of this section, owners or operators shall also keep 
    records as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section 
    unless an alternative monitoring or recordkeeping system has been 
    requested and approved under Sec. 65.162(d).
        (1) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, daily 
    average values of each continuously monitored parameter shall be 
    calculated from data meeting the specifications of paragraph (b) of 
    this section for each operating day and retained for 5 years. The data 
    shall be reported in the periodic report as specified in 
    Sec. 65.166(f), if applicable.
        (i) The daily average shall be calculated as the average of all 
    values for a monitored parameter recorded during the operating day. The 
    average shall cover a 24-hour period if operation is continuous, or the 
    number of hours of operation per operating day if operation is not 
    continuous (for example, for transfer racks, the average shall cover 
    periods of loading). If values are measured more frequently than once 
    per minute, a single value for each minute may be used to calculate the 
    daily average instead of all measured values.
        (ii) The operating day shall be the period defined in the operating 
    permit or the Initial Compliance Status Report. It may be from midnight 
    to midnight or another daily period.
        (2) If all recorded values for a monitored parameter during an 
    operating day are within the range established in the Initial 
    Compliance Status Report or in the operating permit, the owner or 
    operator may record that
    
    [[Page 57870]]
    
    all values were within the range and retain this record for 5 years 
    rather than calculating and recording a daily average for that 
    operating day.
        (d) Valid data. Unless determined to be excluded data according to 
    paragraph (b) of this section, the data collected pursuant to 
    paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section shall be considered valid.
        (e) Alternative recordkeeping. For any parameter with respect to 
    any item of equipment, the owner or operator may implement the 
    recordkeeping requirements in paragraph (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this 
    section as alternatives to the continuous parameter monitoring and 
    recordkeeping provisions listed in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this 
    section. The owner or operator shall retain each record required by 
    paragraph (e)(1) or (e)(2) of this section as provided in Sec. 65.4 of 
    subpart A of this part.
        (1) The owner or operator may retain only the daily average value 
    and is not required to retain more frequently monitored operating 
    parameter values for a monitored parameter with respect to an item of 
    equipment if the requirements of paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through 
    (e)(1)(vi) of this section are met. The owner or operator shall notify 
    the Administrator of implementation of paragraph (e)(1) of this section 
    in the Initial Compliance Status Report as required in Sec. 65.165(e) 
    or, if the Initial Compliance Status Report has already been submitted, 
    in the periodic report as required in Sec. 65.166(f)(4) immediately 
    preceding implementation of the requirements of paragraph (e)(1) of 
    this section.
        (i) The monitoring system shall be capable of detecting unrealistic 
    or impossible data during periods of operation other than startups, 
    shutdowns, or malfunctions (for example, a temperature reading of -200 
    deg.C on a boiler) and will alert the operator by alarm or other means. 
    The owner or operator shall record the occurrence. All instances of the 
    alarm or other alert in an operating day constitute a single 
    occurrence.
        (ii) The monitoring system shall generate a running average of the 
    monitoring values, updated at least hourly throughout each operating 
    day, that have been obtained during that operating day, and the 
    capability to observe this average is readily available to the 
    Administrator on-site during the operating day. The owner or operator 
    shall record the occurrence of any period meeting the criteria in 
    paragraphs (e)(1)(ii)(A) through (e)(1)(ii)(C) of this section. All 
    instances in an operating day constitute a single occurrence.
        (A) The running average is above the maximum or below the minimum 
    established limits; and
        (B) The running average is based on at least six 1-hour average 
    values; and
        (C) The running average reflects a period of operation other than a 
    startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
        (iii) The monitoring system shall be capable of detecting 
    unchanging data during periods of operation other than startups, 
    shutdowns, or malfunctions except in circumstances where the presence 
    of unchanging data is the expected operating condition based on past 
    experience (for example, pH in some scrubbers), and will alert the 
    operator by alarm or other means. The owner or operator shall record 
    the occurrence. All instances of the alarm or other alert in an 
    operating day constitute a single occurrence.
        (iv) The monitoring system shall alert the owner or operator by an 
    alarm if the running average parameter value calculated under paragraph 
    (e)(1)(ii) of this section reaches a set point that is appropriately 
    related to the established limit for the parameter that is being 
    monitored.
        (v) The owner or operator shall verify the proper functioning of 
    the monitoring system, including its ability to comply with the 
    requirements of paragraph (e)(1) of this section, at the times 
    specified in paragraphs (e)(1)(v)(A) through (e)(1)(v)(C) of this 
    section. The owner or operator shall document that the required 
    verifications occurred.
        (A) Upon initial installation.
        (B) Annually after initial installation.
        (C) After any change to the programming or equipment constituting 
    the monitoring system, that might reasonably be expected to alter the 
    monitoring system's ability to comply with the requirements of this 
    section.
        (vi) The owner or operator shall retain the records identified in 
    paragraphs (e)(1)(vi)(A) through (e)(1)(vi)(C) of this section.
        (A) Identification of each parameter for each item of equipment for 
    which the owner or operator has elected to comply with the requirements 
    of Sec. 65.162(e).
        (B) A description of the applicable monitoring system(s) and of how 
    compliance will be achieved with each requirement of paragraph 
    (e)(1)(i) through (e)(1)(v) of this section. The description shall 
    identify the location and format (for example, on-line storage; log 
    entries) for each required record. If the description changes, the 
    owner or operator shall retain both the current and the most recent 
    outdated description. Owners and operators shall retain the current 
    description of the monitoring system as long as the description is 
    current, but not less than 5 years from the date of its creation. The 
    current description shall be retained on-site at all times or be 
    accessible from a central location by computer or other means that 
    provide access within 2 hours after a request. The owner or operator 
    shall retain the most recent outdated description at least until 5 
    years from the date of its creation. The outdated description shall be 
    retained on-site (or accessible from a central location by computer 
    that provides access within 2 hours after a request) at least 6 months 
    after being outdated. Thereafter, the outdated description may be 
    stored off-site.
        (C) A description and the date of any change to the monitoring 
    system that would reasonably be expected to affect its ability to 
    comply with the requirements of paragraph (e)(1) of this section.
        (2) If an owner or operator has elected to implement the 
    requirements of paragraph (e)(1) of this section and a period of 6 
    consecutive months has passed without an excursion as defined in 
    paragraph (e)(2)(iv) of this section, the owner or operator is no 
    longer required to record the daily average value for that parameter 
    for that unit of equipment for any operating day when the daily average 
    value is less than the maximum or greater than the minimum established 
    limit. With approval by the Administrator, monitoring data generated 
    prior to the compliance date of this subpart shall be credited toward 
    the period of 6 consecutive months if the parameter limit and the 
    monitoring were required and/or approved by the Administrator.
        (i) If the owner or operator elects not to retain the daily average 
    values, the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator in the 
    next periodic report. The notification shall identify the parameter and 
    unit of equipment.
        (ii) If there is an excursion as defined in paragraph (e)(2)(iv) of 
    this section on any operating day after the owner or operator has 
    ceased recording daily averages as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this 
    section, the owner or operator shall immediately resume retaining the 
    daily average value for each day and shall notify the Administrator in 
    the next periodic report. The owner or operator shall continue to 
    retain each daily average value until another period of 6 consecutive 
    months has passed without an excursion.
        (iii) The owner or operator shall retain the records specified in 
    paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (e)(1)(vi) of this section for the 
    duration specified in Sec. 65.4 of subpart A of this part. For any 
    calendar
    
    [[Page 57871]]
    
    week, if compliance with paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (e)(1)(iv) of 
    this section does not result in retention of a record of at least one 
    occurrence or measured parameter value, the owner or operator shall 
    record and retain at least one parameter value during a period of 
    operation other than a startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
        (iv) For purposes of paragraph (e) of this section, an excursion 
    means that the daily average value of monitoring data for a parameter 
    is greater than the maximum or less than the minimum established value 
    except as provided in paragraphs (e)(2)(iv)(A) and (e)(2)(iv)(B) of 
    this section.
        (A) The daily average value during any startup, shutdown, or 
    malfunction shall not be considered an excursion for purposes of 
    paragraph (e) if the owner or operator follows the applicable 
    provisions of the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan required by 
    Sec. 65.6 of subpart A of this part.
        (B) An excused excursion as described in Sec. 65.156(d) shall not 
    be considered an excursion for purposes of paragraph (e) of this 
    section.
    
    
    Sec. 65.162  Nonflare control and recovery device monitoring records.
    
        (a) Monitoring system records. For process vents and transfer racks 
    (except low-throughput transfer racks), the owner or operator subject 
    to this subpart shall keep the records specified in paragraph (a) of 
    this section as well as records specified elsewhere in this part.
        (1) For CPMS's used to comply with this part, a record of the 
    procedure used for calibrating the CPMS.
        (2) For a CPMS used to comply with this subpart, records of the 
    information specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (a)(2)(v) of this 
    section, as applicable.
        (i) The date and time of completion of calibration and preventive 
    maintenance of the CPMS.
        (ii) The ``as found'' and ``as left'' CPMS readings whenever an 
    adjustment is made that affects the CPMS reading and a ``no 
    adjustment'' statement otherwise.
        (iii) The start time and duration or start and stop time of any 
    periods when the CPMS is inoperative or malfunctioning.
        (iv) Records of the occurrence and duration of each startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction of CPMS used to comply with this part during 
    which excess emissions (as defined in Sec. 65.3(a)(4) of subpart A of 
    this part occur.
        (v) For each startup, shutdown, and malfunction during which excess 
    emissions as defined in Sec. 65.3(b)(4) of subpart A of this part 
    occur, records whether the procedures specified in the source's 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan were followed and documentation 
    of actions taken that are not consistent with the plan. These records 
    may take the form of a checklist, or other form of recordkeeping that 
    confirms conformance with the startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan 
    for the event.
        (3) Records of startup, shutdown, and malfunction and CPMS 
    calibration and maintenance are not required if they pertain solely to 
    Group 2A process vents.
        (b) Combustion control and halogen reduction device monitoring 
    records.  (1) Each owner or operator using a combustion control or 
    halogen reduction device to comply with this subpart shall keep, as 
    applicable, up to date and readily accessible continuous records, as 
    specified in Sec. 65.161(a); and records of the equipment operating 
    parameters specified to be monitored under Sec. 65.148(c) (incinerator 
    monitoring), Sec. 65.149(c) (boiler and process heater monitoring), 
    Sec. 65.154(c) (halogen reduction device monitoring), Sec. 65.155(c) 
    (other control device monitoring), or specified by the Administrator in 
    accordance with paragraph (e) of this section.
        (2) Each owner or operator shall keep records of the daily average 
    value of each continuously monitored parameter for each operating day 
    determined according to the procedures specified in Sec. 65.161(c)(1). 
    For catalytic incinerators, record the daily average of the temperature 
    upstream of the catalyst bed and the daily average of the temperature 
    differential across the bed. For halogen scrubbers, record the daily 
    average pH and the liquid-to-gas ratio.
        (3) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart shall keep up-to-date, readily accessible records of periods of 
    operation during which the parameter boundaries are exceeded and report 
    these exceedances as specified in Sec. 65.166(f)(1). The parameter 
    boundaries are established pursuant to Sec. 65.148(c)(2) (incinerator 
    monitoring), Sec. 65.149(c)(2) (boiler and process heater monitoring), 
    Sec. 65.154(c)(2) (halogen reduction device monitoring), or 
    Sec. 65.155(c)(2) (other control device monitoring), as applicable.
        (c) Monitoring records for recovery devices on Group 2A process 
    vents and for absorbers, condensers, carbon adsorbers, or other 
    noncombustion systems used as control devices.  (1) Each owner or 
    operator using a recovery device to achieve and maintain a TRE index 
    value greater than 1.0 but less than 4.0 or using an absorber, 
    condenser, carbon adsorber, or other noncombustion system as a control 
    device shall keep readily accessible, continuous records, as specified 
    in Sec. 65.161(a), of the equipment operating parameters specified to 
    be monitored under Sec. 65.150(c) (absorber monitoring), Sec. 65.151(c) 
    (condenser monitoring), Sec. 65.152(c) (carbon adsorber monitoring), 
    Sec. 65.153(c) (recovery device monitoring) or Sec. 65.155(c) (other 
    control device monitoring), or specified by the Administrator in 
    accordance with paragraph (e) of this section. For transfer racks, 
    continuous records are required while the transfer vent stream is being 
    vented.
        (2) Each owner or operator shall keep records of the daily average 
    value of each continuously monitored parameter for each operating day 
    determined according to the procedures specified in Sec. 65.161(c)(1). 
    If carbon adsorber regeneration stream flow and carbon bed regeneration 
    temperature are monitored, the records specified in paragraphs 
    (c)(2)(i) and (c)(2)(ii) of this section shall be kept instead of the 
    daily averages and the records shall be reported as specified in 
    Sec. 65.166(f)(2).
        (i) Records of total regeneration stream mass or volumetric flow 
    for each carbon-bed regeneration cycle.
        (ii) Records of the temperature of the carbon bed after each 
    regeneration and within 15 minutes of completing any cooling cycle.
        (3) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this 
    subpart shall keep up-to-date, readily accessible records of periods of 
    operation during which the parameter boundaries are exceeded and report 
    these exceedances as specified in Sec. 65.166(f)(1). The parameter 
    boundaries are established pursuant to Sec. 65.150(c)(2) (absorber 
    monitoring), Sec. 65.151(c)(2) (condenser monitoring), 
    Sec. 65.152(c)(2) (carbon adsorber monitoring), or Sec. 65.155(c)(2) 
    (other control device monitoring), as applicable.
        (d) Alternatives to the continuous operating parameter monitoring 
    and recordkeeping provisions. An owner or operator may request approval 
    to use alternatives to the continuous operating parameter monitoring 
    and recordkeeping provisions listed in Secs. 65.148(c), 65.149(c), 
    65.150(c), 65.151(c), 65.152(c), 65.153(c), 65.154(c), 65.160, and 
    paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
        (1) Requests shall be included in the operating permit application 
    or as otherwise specified by the permitting authority and shall contain 
    the information specified in paragraphs (d)(3) through (d)(5) of this 
    section, as applicable.
    
    [[Page 57872]]
    
        (2) The provisions in Sec. 65.7(c) of subpart A of this part shall 
    govern the review and approval of requests.
        (3) An owner or operator of a source that does not have an 
    automated monitoring and recording system capable of measuring 
    parameter values at least once every 15 minutes and generating 
    continuous records may request approval to use a nonautomated system 
    with less frequent monitoring.
        (i) The requested system shall include manual reading and recording 
    of the value of the relevant operating parameter no less frequently 
    than once per hour. Daily average values shall be calculated from these 
    hourly values and recorded.
        (ii) The request shall contain the information specified in 
    paragraphs (d)(3)(ii)(A) through (d)(3)(ii)(D) of this section:
        (A) A description of the planned monitoring and recordkeeping 
    system;
        (B) Documentation that the source does not have an automated 
    monitoring and recording system capable of meeting the specified 
    requirements;
        (C) Justification for requesting an alternative monitoring and 
    recordkeeping system; and
        (D) Demonstration to the Administrator's satisfaction that the 
    proposed monitoring frequency is sufficient to represent control device 
    operating conditions considering typical variability of the specific 
    process and control device operating parameter being monitored.
        (4) An owner or operator may request approval to use an automated 
    data compression recording system that does not record monitored 
    operating parameter values at a set frequency (for example, once every 
    15 minutes) but records all values that meet set criteria for variation 
    from previously recorded values.
        (i) The requested system shall be designed to perform the functions 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(4)(i)(A) through (d)(4)(i)(E) of this 
    section.
        (A) Measure the operating parameter value at least once every 15 
    minutes.
        (B) Record at least four values each hour during periods of 
    operation.
        (C) Record the date and time when monitors are turned off or on.
        (D) Recognize unchanging data that may indicate the monitor is not 
    functioning properly, alert the operator, and record the incident.
        (E) Compute daily average values of the monitored operating 
    parameter based on recorded data. If the daily average is not an 
    excursion as defined in Sec. 65.161(e)(2)(iv), the data for that 
    operating day may be converted to hourly average values and the four or 
    more individual records for each hour in the operating day may be 
    discarded.
        (ii) The request shall contain a description of the monitoring 
    system and data compression recording system, including the criteria 
    used to determine which monitored values are recorded and retained, the 
    method for calculating averages, and a demonstration that the system 
    meets all criteria in paragraph (d)(4)(i) of this section.
        (5) An owner or operator may request approval to use other 
    alternative monitoring and recordkeeping systems as specified in 
    Sec. 65.7(b) of subpart A of this part. The application shall contain a 
    description of the proposed alternative system. In addition, the 
    application shall include information justifying the owner or 
    operator's request for an alternative monitoring method, such as the 
    technical or economic infeasibility, or the impracticality, of the 
    regulated source using the required method.
        (e) Monitoring a different parameter than those listed. The owner 
    or operator who has been directed by Sec. 65.154(c)(2) or 
    Sec. 65.155(c)(1) to set monitoring parameters or who requests as 
    allowed by Sec. 65.156(e) approval to monitor a different parameter 
    than those listed in Sec. 65.148(c), Sec. 65.149(c), Sec. 65.150(c), 
    Sec. 65.151(c), Sec. 65.152(c), Sec. 65.153(c), Sec. 65.154(c), 
    Sec. 65.160, or paragraphs (b) or (c) of this section shall submit the 
    information specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this 
    section with the operating permit application or as otherwise specified 
    by the permitting authority.
        (1) A description of the parameter(s) to be monitored to ensure the 
    process, control technology, or pollution prevention measure is 
    operated in conformance with its design and achieves the specified 
    emission limit, percent reduction, or nominal efficiency, and an 
    explanation of the criteria used to select the parameter(s).
        (2) A description of the methods and procedures that will be used 
    to demonstrate that the parameter indicates proper operation of the 
    control device, the schedule for this demonstration, and a statement 
    that the owner or operator will establish a range for the monitored 
    parameter as part of the Initial Compliance Status Report required in 
    Sec. 65.5(d) of subpart A of this part unless this information has 
    already been included in the operating permit application or previously 
    established under a referencing subpart.
         The frequency and content of monitoring, recording, and reporting 
    if monitoring and recording is not continuous, or if reports of daily 
    average values when the monitored parameter value is outside the range 
    established in the operating permit or Initial Compliance Status Report 
    will not be included in Periodic Reports as specified in 
    Sec. 65.166(e). The rationale for the proposed monitoring, recording, 
    and reporting system shall be included.
    
    
    Sec. 65.163  Other records.
    
        (a) Closed vent system records. For closed vent systems, the owner 
    or operator shall record the information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) 
    through (a)(4) of this section, as applicable.
        (1) For each closed vent system that contains bypass lines that 
    could divert a vent stream away from the control device and to the 
    atmosphere, the owner or operator shall keep a record of the 
    information specified in either paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (a)(1)(ii) of 
    this section, as applicable. The information shall be reported as 
    specified in Sec. 65.166(b).
        (i) Hourly records of whether the flow indicator specified under 
    Sec. 65.143(a)(3)(i) was operating and whether a diversion was detected 
    at any time during the hour, as well as records of the times of all 
    periods when the vent stream is diverted from the control device or the 
    flow indicator is not operating.
        (ii) Where a seal mechanism is used to comply with 
    Sec. 65.143(a)(3)(ii), hourly records of flow are not required. In such 
    cases, the owner or operator shall record that the monthly visual 
    inspection of the seals or closure mechanisms has been done and shall 
    record the occurrence of all periods when the seal mechanism is broken, 
    the bypass line valve position has changed, or the key for a lock-and-
    key type lock has been checked out, and records of any car-seal that 
    has been broken.
        (2) For closed vent systems collecting regulated material from a 
    storage vessel, transfer rack, or equipment leak, the owner or operator 
    shall record the identification of all parts of the closed vent system 
    that are designated as unsafe or difficult to inspect pursuant to 
    Sec. 65.143(b)(2) or (b)(3), an explanation of why the equipment is 
    unsafe or difficult to inspect, and the plan for inspecting the 
    equipment as required by Sec. 65.143(b)(2)(ii) or (b)(3)(ii).
        (3) For a closed vent system collecting regulated material from a 
    storage vessel, transfer rack, or equipment leaks, when a leak is 
    detected as specified in Sec. 65.143(d)(1), the information specified 
    in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (a)(3)(vi) of this section shall be 
    recorded. The data shall be reported as specified in Sec. 65.166(b)(1).
        (i) The instrument and the equipment identification number and the 
    operator name, initials, or identification number.
    
    [[Page 57873]]
    
        (ii) The date the leak was detected and the date of the first 
    attempt to repair the leak.
        (iii) The date of successful repair of the leak.
        (iv) The maximum instrument reading measured by the procedures in 
    Sec. 65.143(c) after the leak is successfully repaired or determined to 
    be nonrepairable.
        (v) ``Repair delayed'' and the reason for the delay if a leak is 
    not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of the leak. The 
    owner or operator may develop a written procedure that identifies the 
    conditions that justify a delay of repair. In such cases, reasons for 
    delay of repair may be documented by citing the relevant sections of 
    the written procedure.
        (vi) Copies of the periodic reports if records are not maintained 
    on a computerized database capable of generating summary reports from 
    the records.
        (4) For each instrumental or visual inspection conducted in 
    accordance with Sec. 65.143(b)(1) for closed vent systems collecting 
    regulated material from a storage vessel, transfer rack, or equipment 
    leaks during which no leaks are detected, the owner or operator shall 
    record that the inspection was performed, the date of the inspection, 
    and a statement that no leaks were detected.
        (b) Storage vessel and transfer rack records. For storage vessels, 
    an owner or operator shall keep readily accessible records of the 
    information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of this 
    section, as applicable. For low-throughput transfer racks, an owner or 
    operator shall keep readily accessible records of the information 
    specified in paragraph (b)(1).
        (1) A record of the measured values of the parameters monitored in 
    accordance with Sec. 65.145(c)(2) and report in the periodic report as 
    specified in Sec. 65.166(e), if applicable.
        (2) A record of the planned routine maintenance performed on the 
    control system during which the control system does not meet the 
    applicable specifications of Sec. 65.143(a), Sec. 65.145(a), or 
    Sec. 65.147(a), as applicable, due to the planned routine maintenance. 
    Such a record shall include the information specified in paragraphs 
    (b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(iii) of this section. This information shall 
    be submitted in the periodic reports as specified in Sec. 65.166(d)(1).
        (i) The first time of day and date the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.143(a), Sec. 65.145(a), or Sec. 65.147(a), as applicable, were 
    not met at the beginning of the planned routine maintenance.
        (ii) The first time of day and date the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.143(a), Sec. 65.145(a), or Sec. 65.147(a), as applicable, were 
    met at the conclusion of the planned routine maintenance.
        (iii) A description of the type of maintenance performed.
        (3) Bypass records for storage vessel emissions routed to a process 
    or fuel gas system. An owner or operator who uses the bypass provisions 
    of Sec. 65.144(a)(2) shall keep in a readily accessible location the 
    records specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (b)(3)(iii) of this 
    section.
        (i) The reason it was necessary to bypass the process equipment or 
    fuel gas system;
        (ii) The duration of the period when the process equipment or fuel 
    gas system was bypassed;
        (iii) Documentation or certification of compliance with the 
    applicable provisions of Sec. 65.42(b)(6)(i) through (b)(6)(iii).
        (c) Regulated source and control equipment startup, shutdown and 
    malfunction records. (1) Records of the occurrence and duration of each 
    startup, shutdown, and malfunction of process equipment or of air 
    pollution control equipment used to comply with this part during which 
    excess emissions (as defined in Sec. 65.3(a)(4) of subpart A of this 
    part) occur.
        (2) For each startup, shutdown, and malfunction during which excess 
    emissions occur, records whether the procedures specified in the 
    source's startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan were followed, and 
    documentation of actions taken that are not consistent with the plan. 
    For example, if a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan includes 
    procedures for routing control device emissions to a backup control 
    device (for example, the incinerator for a halogenated stream could be 
    routed to a flare during periods when the primary control device is out 
    of service), records must be kept of whether the plan was followed. 
    These records may take the form of a checklist or other form of 
    recordkeeping that confirms conformance with the startup, shutdown, and 
    malfunction plan for the event.
        (3) Records of startup, shutdown, and malfunction and continuous 
    monitoring system calibration and maintenance are not required if they 
    pertain solely to Group 2A process vents.
        (d) Equipment leak records. The owner or operator shall maintain 
    records of the information specified in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of 
    this section for closed vent systems and control devices subject to the 
    provisions of subpart F of this part. The owner or operator shall meet 
    the record retention requirements of Sec. 65.4 of subpart A of this 
    part, except the records specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section 
    shall be kept as long as the equipment is in operation.
        (1) The design specifications and performance demonstrations 
    specified in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (d)(1)(iii) of this section.
        (i) Detailed schematics, design specifications of the control 
    device, and piping and instrumentation diagrams.
        (ii) The dates and descriptions of any changes in the design 
    specifications.
        (iii) A description of the parameter or parameters monitored as 
    required in Sec. 65.146(c), to ensure that control devices are operated 
    and maintained in conformance with their design and an explanation of 
    why that parameter (or parameters) was selected for the monitoring.
        (2) Records of operation of closed vent systems and control 
    devices, as specified in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(iii) of 
    this section.
        (i) Dates and durations when the closed vent systems and control 
    devices required in Sec. 65.115(b) of subpart F of this part are not 
    operated as designed as indicated by the monitored parameters, 
    including periods when a flare flame or at least one pilot flame is not 
    present.
        (ii) Dates and durations during which the monitoring system or 
    monitoring device is inoperative.
        (iii) Dates and durations of startups and shutdowns of control 
    devices required in Sec. 65.115(b) of subpart F of this part.
        (e) Records of monitored parameters outside of range. The owner or 
    operator shall record the occurrences and the cause of periods when the 
    monitored parameters are outside of the parameter ranges documented in 
    the Initial Compliance Status Report in accordance with Sec. 65.165(b). 
    This information shall be reported in the periodic report as specified 
    in Sec. 65.166(e).
    
    
    Sec. 65.164  Performance test and flare compliance determination 
    notifications and reports.
    
        (a) Performance test and flare compliance determination reports. 
    Performance test reports and flare compliance determination reports 
    shall be submitted as specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of 
    this section.
        (1) For performance tests or flare compliance determinations, the 
    Initial Compliance Status Report or report required by paragraph (b)(2) 
    of this section shall include one complete test report as specified in 
    paragraph (a)(2) of this section for each test method used for a 
    particular kind of emission point
    
    [[Page 57874]]
    
    and other applicable information specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this 
    section. For additional tests performed for the same kind of emission 
    point using the same method, the results and any other information 
    required in applicable sections of this subpart or in other subparts of 
    this part shall be submitted, but a complete test report is not 
    required.
        (2) A complete test report shall include a brief process 
    description, sampling site description, description of sampling and 
    analysis procedures and any modifications to standard procedures, 
    quality assurance procedures, record of operating conditions during the 
    test, record of preparation of standards, record of calibrations, raw 
    data sheets for field sampling, raw data sheets for field and 
    laboratory analyses, documentation of calculations, and any other 
    information required by the test method.
        (3) The performance test or flare compliance determination report 
    shall also include the information specified in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) 
    through (a)(3)(iii) of this section, as applicable.
        (i) For flare compliance determinations, the owner or operator 
    shall submit the records specified in Sec. 65.159(b).
        (ii) For nonflare combustion device and halogen reduction device 
    performance tests as required under Sec. 65.148(b), Sec. 65.149(b), 
    Sec. 65.150(b), Sec. 65.151(b), Sec. 65.152(b), Sec. 65.154(b), or 
    Sec. 65.155(b), the owner or operator shall submit the applicable 
    records specified in Sec. 65.160(b).
        (iii) For Group 2A process vents, the owner or operator shall 
    submit the records specified in Sec. 65.160(c), as applicable.
        (b) Other notifications and reports. (1) The owner or operator 
    shall notify the Administrator of the intention to conduct a 
    performance test at least 30 calendar days before the performance test 
    is scheduled to allow the Administrator the opportunity to have an 
    observer present. If after 30 day's notice for an initially scheduled 
    performance test, there is a delay (due to operational problems, etc.) 
    in conducting the scheduled performance test the owner or operator of 
    an affected facility shall notify the Administrator as soon as possible 
    of any delay in the original test date. The owner or operator shall 
    provide at least 7 days prior notice of the rescheduled date of the 
    performance test or arrange a rescheduled date with the Administrator 
    by mutual agreement.
        (2) Unless specified differently in this subpart or another subpart 
    of this part, performance test and flare compliance determination 
    reports not submitted as part of an Initial Compliance Status Report 
    shall be submitted to the Administrator within 60 days of completing 
    the test or determination.
        (3) Any application for a waiver of an initial performance test or 
    flare compliance determination as allowed by Sec. 65.157(b)(2), shall 
    be submitted no later than 90 calendar days before the performance test 
    or flare compliance determination is required. The application for a 
    waiver shall include information justifying the owner or operator's 
    request for a waiver, such as the technical or economic infeasibility, 
    or the impracticality, of the source performing the test.
    
    
    Sec. 65.165  Initial Compliance Status Reports.
    
        (a) An owner or operator who elects to comply with Sec. 65.144 by 
    routing emissions from a storage vessel or transfer rack to a process 
    or to a fuel gas system shall submit as part of the Initial Compliance 
    Status Report the information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) 
    or (a)(3) of this section, as applicable.
        (1) If storage vessel emissions are routed to a process, the owner 
    or operator shall submit the information specified in 
    Sec. 65.144(b)(3).
        (2) As specified in Sec. 65.144(c) if storage vessel emissions are 
    routed to a fuel gas system, the owner or operator shall submit a 
    statement that the emission stream is connected to a fuel gas system.
        (3) As specified in Sec. 65.144(c) report that the transfer rack 
    emission stream is being routed to a fuel gas system or process, when 
    complying with the requirements of Sec. 65.83(a)(4) of subpart E of 
    this part.
        (b) An owner or operator who elects to comply with Sec. 65.145 by 
    routing emissions from a storage vessel or low-throughput transfer rack 
    to a nonflare control device shall submit with the Initial Compliance 
    Status Report required by Sec. 65.5(d) of subpart A of this part the 
    applicable information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(6) of 
    this section. Owners and operators who elect to comply with 
    Sec. 65.145(b)(1)(i) by submitting a design evaluation shall submit the 
    information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this 
    section. Owners and operators who elect to comply with 
    Sec. 65.145(b)(1)(ii) by submitting performance test results shall 
    submit the information specified in paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(4) 
    and (b)(5) of this section. Owners and operators who elect to comply 
    with Sec. 65.145(b)(1)(iii) by submitting performance test results for 
    a shared control device shall submit the information specified in 
    paragraph (b)(6) of this section.
        (1) A description of the parameter or parameters to be monitored to 
    ensure that the control device is being properly operated and 
    maintained, an explanation of the criteria used for selection of that 
    parameter (or parameters), and the frequency with which monitoring will 
    be performed (for example, when the liquid level in the storage vessel 
    is being raised). If continuous records are specified, indicate whether 
    the provisions of Sec. 65.166(f) apply.
        (2) The operating range for each monitoring parameter identified in 
    the monitoring plan required by Sec. 65.145(c)(1). The specified 
    operating range shall represent the conditions for which the control 
    device is being properly operated and maintained.
        (3) The documentation specified in Sec. 65.145(b)(1)(i), if the 
    owner or operator elects to prepare a design evaluation.
        (4) The provisions of Sec. 65.166(f) do not apply to any low-
    throughput transfer rack for which the owner or operator has elected to 
    comply with Sec. 65.145 or to any storage vessel for which the owner or 
    operator is not required to keep continuous records, as specified by 
    the applicable monitoring plan established under Sec. 65.145(c)(1) and 
    (c)(2). If continuous records are required, the owner or operator shall 
    specify in the monitoring plan whether the provisions of Sec. 65.166(f) 
    apply.
        (5) A summary of the results of the performance test described in 
    Sec. 65.145(b)(1)(ii) or (b)(1)(iii), as applicable. If a performance 
    test is conducted as provided in Sec. 65.145(b)(1)(ii), submit the 
    results of the performance test, including the information specified in 
    Sec. 65.164(a)(1) and (a)(2).
        (6) Identification of the storage vessel or transfer rack and 
    control device for which the performance test will be submitted, and 
    identification of the emission point(s), if any, that share the control 
    device with the storage vessel or transfer rack and for which the 
    performance test will be conducted.
        (c) The owner or operator shall submit as part of the Initial 
    Compliance Status Report the operating range for each monitoring 
    parameter identified for each control, recovery, or halogen reduction 
    device as determined in Secs. 65.148(c)(2), 65.149(c)(2), 65.150(c)(2), 
    65.151(c)(2), 65.152(c)(2), 65.153(c)(5), 65.154(c)(3), and 
    65.155(c)(2). The specified operating range shall represent the 
    conditions for which the control, recovery, or halogen reduction device 
    is being properly operated and maintained. This report
    
    [[Page 57875]]
    
    shall include the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(3) of 
    this section, as applicable, unless the range and the operating day 
    definition have been established in the operating permit.
        (1) The specific range of the monitored parameter(s) for each 
    emission point;
        (2) The rationale for the specific range for each parameter for 
    each emission point, including any data and calculations used to 
    develop the range and a description of why the range indicates proper 
    operation of the control, recovery, or halogen reduction device, as 
    specified in paragraph (c)(2)(i), (c)(2)(ii), or (c)(2)(iii) of this 
    section, as applicable.
        (i) If a performance test or TRE index value determination is 
    required by this subpart or another subpart of this part for a control, 
    recovery or halogen removal device, the range shall be based on the 
    parameter values measured during the TRE index value determination or 
    performance test and may be supplemented by engineering assessments 
    and/or manufacturer's recommendations. TRE index value determinations 
    and performance testing is not required to be conducted over the entire 
    range of permitted parameter values.
        (ii) If a performance test or TRE index value determination is not 
    required by this subpart or other subparts of this part for a control, 
    recovery, or halogen reduction device, the range may be based solely on 
    engineering assessments and/or manufacturer's recommendations.
        (iii) The range may be based on ranges or limits previously 
    established under a referencing subpart.
        (3) A definition of the source's operating day for purposes of 
    determining daily average values of monitored parameters. The 
    definition shall specify the times at which an operating day begins and 
    ends.
        (d) Halogen reduction device. The owner or operator shall submit as 
    part of the Initial Compliance Status Report the information recorded 
    pursuant to Sec. 65.160(d).
        (e) Alternative recordkeeping. The owner or operator shall notify 
    the administrator in the Initial Compliance Status Report if the 
    alternative recordkeeping provisions of Sec. 65.161(e)(1) are being 
    implemented. If the Initial Compliance Status Report has been 
    submitted, the notification must be in the periodic report submitted 
    immediately preceding implementation of the alternative, as provided in 
    Sec. 65.166(f)(4).
    
    
    Sec. 65.166  Periodic reports.
    
        (a) Periodic reports shall include the reporting period dates, the 
    total source operating time for the reporting period, and, as 
    applicable, all information specified in this section and in other 
    subparts of this part, including reports of periods when monitored 
    parameters are outside their established ranges.
        (b) For closed vent systems subject to the requirements of 
    Sec. 65.143, the owner or operator shall submit as part of the periodic 
    report the information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(3) of 
    this section, as applicable.
        (1) The information recorded in Sec. 65.163 (a)(3)(ii) through 
    (a)(3)(v);
        (2) Reports of the times of all periods recorded under 
    Sec. 65.163(a)(1)(i) when the vent stream is diverted from the control 
    device through a bypass line; and
        (3) Reports of all times recorded under Sec. 65.163(a)(1)(ii) when 
    maintenance is performed on car-sealed valves, when the seal is broken, 
    when the bypass line valve position is changed, or the key for a lock-
    and-key type configuration has been checked out.
        (c) For flares subject to this subpart, report all periods when all 
    pilot flames were absent or the flare flame was absent as recorded in 
    Sec. 65.159(d)(1).
        (d) For storage vessels, the owner or operator shall include in 
    each periodic report required the information specified in paragraphs 
    (d)(1) through (d)(3) of this section.
        (1) For the 6-month period covered by the periodic report, the 
    information recorded in Sec. 65.163(b)(2)(i) through (b)(2)(iii).
        (2) For the time period covered by the periodic report and the 
    previous periodic report, the total number of hours that the control 
    system did not meet the requirements of Sec. 65.143(a), Sec. 65.145(a), 
    or Sec. 65.147(a) due to planned routine maintenance.
        (3) A description of the planned routine maintenance that is 
    anticipated to be performed for the control system during the next 6-
    month periodic reporting period when the control system is not expected 
    to meet the required control efficiency. This description shall include 
    the type of maintenance necessary, planned frequency of maintenance, 
    and expected lengths of maintenance periods.
        (e) If a control device other than a flare is used to control 
    emissions from storage vessels or low-throughput transfer racks, the 
    periodic report shall identify and state the cause for each occurrence 
    when the monitored parameters were outside of the parameter ranges 
    documented in the Initial Compliance Status Report in accordance with 
    Sec. 65.165(b).
        (f) For process vents and transfer racks (except low-throughput 
    transfer racks), periodic reports shall include the information 
    specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(4).
        (1) Periodic reports shall include the daily average values of 
    monitored parameters, calculated as specified in Sec. 65.161(c)(1) for 
    any days when the daily average value is outside the bounds as 
    specified in Sec. 65.162(b)(3) or (c)(3), or the data availability 
    requirements defined in Sec. 65.156(d)(1) are not met, whether these 
    excursions are excused or unexcused excursions. For excursions caused 
    by lack of monitoring data, the duration of periods when monitoring 
    data were not collected shall be specified.
        (2) Report all carbon-bed regeneration cycles during which the 
    parameters recorded under Sec. 65.162(c)(2) were outside the ranges 
    established in the Initial Compliance Status Report or in the operating 
    permit.
        (3) The provisions of paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section 
    do not apply to any low-throughput transfer rack for which the owner or 
    operator has elected to comply with Sec. 65.145 or to any storage 
    vessel for which the owner or operator is not required, by the 
    applicable monitoring plan established under Sec. 65.165(c)(1) and 
    (c)(2) to keep continuous records. If continuous records are required, 
    the owner or operator shall specify in the monitoring plan whether the 
    provisions of paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section apply.
        (4) If the owner or operator has chosen to use the alternative 
    recordkeeping provisions of Sec. 65.161(e)(1), and has not notified the 
    Administrator in the Initial Compliance Status Report that the 
    alternative recordkeeping provisions are being implemented as provided 
    in Sec. 65.165(e), the owner or operator shall notify the Administrator 
    in the periodic report submitted immediately proceeding implementation 
    of the alternative.
    
    
    Sec. 65.167  Other reports.
    
        (a) Replacing an existing control or recovery device. As specified 
    in Sec. 65.147(b)(2), Sec. 65.148(b)(3), Sec. 65.149(b)(3), 
    Sec. 65.150(b)(2), Sec. 65.151(b)(2), Sec. 65.152(b)(2), or 
    Sec. 65.153(b)(2), if an owner or operator at a facility not required 
    to obtain a title V permit elects at a later date to use a different 
    control or recovery device, then the Administrator shall be notified by 
    the owner or operator before implementing the change. This notification 
    may be included in the
    
    [[Page 57876]]
    
    facility's periodic reporting and shall include a description of any 
    changes made to the closed vent system.
        (b) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction periodic reports. Startup, 
    shutdown, and malfunction periodic reports shall be submitted as 
    required in Sec. 65.6(c) of subpart A of this part.
    
    
    Secs. 65.168-65.169  [Reserved]
    
    [FR Doc. 98-27260 Filed 10-27-98; 8:45 am]
    BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
    
    
    

Document Information

Published:
10/28/1998
Department:
Environmental Protection Agency
Entry Type:
Proposed Rule
Action:
Proposed rule and notice of public hearing.
Document Number:
98-27260
Dates:
Comments. Comments must be received on or before January 11, 1999.
Pages:
57748-57876 (129 pages)
Docket Numbers:
AD-FRL-6173-4
RINs:
2060-AG28: Consolidated Federal Air Rule for the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry
RIN Links:
https://www.federalregister.gov/regulations/2060-AG28/consolidated-federal-air-rule-for-the-synthetic-organic-chemical-manufacturing-industry
PDF File:
98-27260.pdf
CFR: (370)
40 CFR 63.1(a)(1)
40 CFR 63.5(a)(1)
40 CFR 63.6(a)
40 CFR 63.9(a)(2)
40 CFR 65.62(a)
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