§ 361.6 - Noxious weed seeds.

§ 361.6 Noxious weed seeds.

(a) Seeds of the plants listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section shall be considered noxious weed seeds.

(1) Seeds with no tolerances applicable to their introduction:

Acacia nilotica (Linnaeus) Wildenow ex Delile

Aeginetia spp.

Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) King & Robinson

Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King and H. Robinson

Alectra spp.

Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Brown ex de Candolle

Arctotheca calendula (Linnaeus) Levyns

Asphodelus fistulosus L.

Avena sterilis L. (including Avena ludoviciana Durieu)

Azolla pinnata R. Brown

Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieberstein

Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retzius) Trinius

Commelina benghalensis L.

Crupina vulgaris Cassini

Cuscuta spp.

Digitaria abyssinica (Hochstetter ex A. Richard) Stapf

Digitaria velutina (Forsskal) Palisot de Beauvois

Drymaria arenariodes Humboldt & Bonpland ex J.A. Schultes

Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth

Emex australis Steinheil

Emex spinosa (L.) Campdera

Euphorbia terracina Linnaeus

Galega officinalis L.

Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier

Hydrilla verticillata (Linnaeus f.) Royle

Hygrophila polysperma T. Anderson

Imperata brasiliensis Trinius

Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois

Inula britannica Linnaeus

Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal

Ischaemum rugosum Salisbury

Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss

Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees

Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume

Lycium ferocissimum Miers

Lygodium flexuosum (Linnaeus) Swartz (maidenhair creeper)

Lygodium microphyllum (Cavanilles) R. Brown (Old World climbing fern)

Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake

Melastoma malabathricum L.

Mikania cordata (Burman f.) B. L. Robinson

Mikania micrantha Kunth

Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright

Mimosa pigra L. var. pigra

Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms-Laubach

Monochoria vaginalis (Burman f.) C. Presl

Moraea collina Thunberg

Moraea flaccida (Sweet) Steudel

Moraea miniata Andrews

Moraea ochroleuca (Salisbury) Drapiez

Moraea pallida (Baker) Goldblatt

Nassella trichotoma (Nees) Hackel ex Arechavaleta

Onopordum acaulon Linnaeus

Onopordum illyricum Linnaeus

Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley

Orobanche spp.

Oryza longistaminata A. Chevalier & Roehrich

Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steudel

Oryza rufipogon Griffith

Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers.

Paspalum scrobiculatum L.

Pennisetum clandestinum Hochstetter ex Chiovenda

Pennisetum macrourum Trinius

Pennisetum pedicellatum Trinius

Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schultes

Prosopis alapataco R. A. Philippi

Prosopis argentina Burkart

Prosopis articulata S. Watson

Prosopis burkartii Munoz

Prosopis caldenia Burkart

Prosopis calingastana Burkart

Prosopis campestris Grisebach

Prosopis castellanosii Burkart

Prosopis denudans Bentham

Prosopis elata (Burkart) Burkart

Prosopis farcta (Banks & Solander) J.F. Macbride

Prosopis ferox Grisebach

Prosopis fiebrigii Harms

Prosopis hassleri Harms

Prosopis humilis Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott

Prosopis kuntzei Harms

Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth

Prosopis palmeri S. Watson

Prosopis reptans Bentham var. reptans

Prosopis rojasiana Burkart

Prosopis ruizlealii Burkart

Prosopis ruscifolia Grisebach

Prosopis sericantha Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott

Prosopis strombulifera (Lamarck) Bentham

Prosopis torquata (Cavanilles ex Lagasca y Segura) de Candolle

Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) W. Clayon

Rubus fruticosus L. (complex)

Rubus moluccanus L.

Saccharum spontaneum L.

Sagittaria sagittifolia L.

Salsola vermiculata L.

Salvinia auriculata Aublet

Salvinia biloba Raddi

Salvinia herzogii de la Sota

Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell

Senecio inaequidens DC.

Senecio madagascariensis Poir.

Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. pallidefusca (Schumach.) B.K. Simon

Solanum tampicense Dunal (wetland nightshade)

Solanum torvum Swartz

Solanum viarum Dunal

Sparganium erectum L.

Spermacoce alata Aublet

Striga spp.

Tridax procumbens L.

Urochloa panicoides Beauvois

(2) Seeds with tolerances applicable to their introduction:

Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. (=Centaurea repens L.) (=Centaurea picris)

Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.

Cardaria pubescens (C. A. Mey.) Jarmol.

Convolvulus arvensis L.

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.

Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. (=Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.)

Euphorbia esula L.

Sonchus arvensis L.

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.

(b) The tolerance applicable to the prohibition of the noxious weed seeds listed in paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall be two seeds in the minimum amount required to be examined as shown in column 1 of table 1 of § 361.5. If fewer than two seeds are found in an initial examination, the shipment from which the sample was drawn may be entered. If two seeds are found in an initial examination, a second sample must be examined. If two or fewer seeds are found in the second examination, the shipment from which the samples were drawn may be entered. If three or more seeds are found in the second examination, the shipment from which the samples were drawn may not be entered. If three or more seeds are found in an initial examination, the shipment from which the sample was drawn may not be entered.

(c) Any seed of any noxious weed that can be determined by visual inspection (including the use of transmitted light or dissection) to be within one of the following categories shall be considered inert matter and not counted as a weed seed:

(1) Damaged seed (other than grasses) with over one half of the embryo missing;

(2) Grass florets and caryopses classed as inert:

(i) Glumes and empty florets of weedy grasses;

(ii) Damaged caryopses, including free caryopses, with over one-half the root-shoot axis missing (the scutellum excluded);

(iii) Immature free caryopses devoid of embryo or endosperm;

(iv) Free caryopses of quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) that are 2 mm or less in length; or

(v) Immature florets of quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) in which the caryopses are less than one-third the length of the palea. The caryopsis is measured from the base of the rachilla.

(3) Seeds of legumes (Fabaceae) with the seed coats entirely removed.

(4) Immature seed units, devoid of both embryo and endosperm, such as occur in (but not limited to) the following plant families: buckwheat (Polygonaceae), morning glory (Convolvulaceae), nightshade (Solanaceae), and sunflower (Asteraceae).

(5) Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) seeds devoid of embryos and seeds that are ashy gray to creamy white in color are inert matter. Dodder seeds should be sectioned when necessary to determine if an embryo is present, as when the seeds have a normal color but are slightly swollen, dimpled, or have minute holes.

[62 FR 48460, Sept. 16, 1997, as amended at 64 FR 12884, Mar. 16, 1999; 65 FR 33743, May 25, 2000; 71 FR 35381, June 20, 2006; 74 FR 53400, Oct. 19, 2009; 75 FR 68956, Nov. 10, 2010]