Standards for the Growing, Harvesting, Packing and Holding of Produce for Human Consumption

Document ID: FDA-2011-N-0921-0001
Document Type: Proposed Rule
Agency: Food And Drug Administration
Topics: No Topics associated with this document
Federal Register Number: 2013-00123
CFR Citation: 21 CFR Parts 16 and 112
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Details Information

Abstract:	Foods;Incorporation by Reference;Packaging and Containers;Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements;Safety;Administrative Practices and Procedures
Document Subtype:	Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)
Received Date:	January 16 2013, at 12:00 AM Eastern Standard Time
Start-End Page:	3503 - 3646
Page Count:	144
Comment Start Date:	January 16 2013, at 12:00 AM Eastern Standard Time
Comment Due Date:	May 16 2013, at 11:59 PM Eastern Standard Time

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Reference 1 Dietary Guidelines 2010

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Reference 10 Guidance for Industry Guide to Minimize Microbial Food Safety Hazards of Fresh Cut Fruit and Vegetables 2008

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Reference 100 Discussion Paper Onfarm Composting

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Reference 101 Fact Sheet Ground and Surface Water

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Reference 102 Census of Ag 2007

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Reference 103 Guidance Dietary Supplements

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Reference 104 Islam JFP67 no7

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Reference 105 National GAP Educ Material

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Reference 106 Wells PD83 no8

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Reference 107 Microbial Hazard Identification

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Reference 108 Smith Respiratory Medicine 87

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Reference 109 Porter AJPH80 no10

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Reference 11 Letter to Firms that Grow Pack or Ship Fresh Lettuce and Fresh Tomatoes 2004

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Reference 110 Tood JFP73 no10

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Reference 111 NASPHV MMWR 60 no4

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Reference 112 Patrick Epidemiology and Infection 119 no3

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Reference 113 Todd JFP73 no9

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Reference 114 Todd JFP73 no9

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Reference 115 Mahovic Memo to Record

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Reference 116 Edberg JAM88

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Reference 117 Song JEE132 no10

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Reference 118 WHO Guidelines Wastewater

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Reference 119 Tallon WASP166 no1

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Reference 12 Letter to California Firms that Grow Pack Process or Ship Fresh and Fresh Cut Lettuce 2005

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Reference 120 Gerba Water and Water Testing

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Reference 121 Irrigation Water Quality Safety

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Reference 122 Leifert JAM105 no4

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Reference 123 Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens

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Reference 124 Leclerc ARM55

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Reference 125 Seyfried BACTERIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FECES AND SOURCE DIFFERENTIATION 1990

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Reference 126 Carrillo et al Survival and Enumeration of the Fecal Indicators Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Escherichia coli in a Tropical Rain Forest Watershed Vol 50 No2

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Reference 127 Gauthier et al The Ecology of Fecal Indicatory Bacteria Commonly Found in Pul and Paper Mill Water Systems Vol 35 no9

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Reference 128 Garzio Hadzick et al Survival of manure borne E coli in streambed sediment Effects of temperature and sediment properties Vol 44 No 9

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Reference 129 Whitman Fecal Bacteria and Foods In Fecal Bacteria

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Reference 13 Guidance for Industry Letter to Firms that Grow Harvest Sort Pack or Ship Fresh Cilantro 2011

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Reference 130 McElhany et al Prevalence and Fate of Gut Associated Human Pathogens in the Environment In Fecal Bacteria

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Reference 131 Horman et al Campylobacter spp Giardia spp Cryptosporidium spp Noroviruses and Indicator Organisms in Surface Water in Southwestern Finland 200 to 2001 Vol 70 No 1

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Reference 132 Duris et al Gene and Antigen Markers of Shigatoxin Producing E coli from Michigan and Indiana River Water Occurrence and Relation to Recreational Water Quality Criteria Vol 38 No 5

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Reference 133 Wilkes et al Seasonal relationships among indicator bacteria pathogenic bacteria Cryptosporidium oocysts Giardia cysts and hydrological indices for surface waters within an agricultural landscape Vol 43 No 8

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Reference 134 Diez Gonzalez Fecal Bacteria and Foods In Fecal Bacteria

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Reference 135 Garrett Microbial Safety of Fresh Produce Plant Sanitation and Good Manufacturing Practices for Optimum Food Safety in Fresh Cut Produce

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Reference 136 Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Bacteria 1986 US Environmental Protection Agency

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Reference 137 Water Quality Criteria for Microbiological Indicators

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Reference 138 Bartz et al Infiltration of Tomatoes by Aqueous Bacterial Suspensions Vol 71 No 5

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Reference 139 Bartz et al Potential for Postharvest Disease in Tomato Fruit Infiltrated with Chlorinated Water Vol 72 No 1

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Reference 14 Guidance for Industry Reducing Microbial Food Safety Hazards For Sprouted Seeds 1999

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Reference 140 Xia et al Effects of Tomato Variety Temperature Differential and Post Stem Removal Time on Internalization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Thompson in Tomatoes Vol 75 No 2

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Reference 141 Steele et al Irrigation Water as Source of Foodborne Pathogens on Fruit and Vegetables Vol 67 No 12

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Reference 142 Ingram et al Factors Affecting Compost Tea as a Potential Source of Escherichia coli and Salmonella on Fresh Produce Vol 70 No4

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Reference 143 Howell et al Journal of Environmental Quality 24

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Reference 144 Close et al Microbial groundwater quality and its health implications for a border strip irrigated dairy farm catchment South Island New Zealand Journal 6 No1

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Reference 145 Mai et al Attachment of Listeria monocytogenes to an Austenitic Stainless Steel after Welding and Accelerated Corrosion Treatments Journal of Food Protection Vol 69 No 7

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Reference 146 Reynolds et al Risk of Waterborne Illness Via Drinking Water in the United States 192

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Reference 147 Westrell et al A theoretical approach to assess microbial risks due to failures in drinking water systems 13

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Reference 148 Memo to Record re Water Quality Testing and Water Treatment 2011 Snellman

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Reference 149 Suslow Postharvest Chlorination Basic Properties and Key Points for Effective Disinfection

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Reference 15 Guidance for Industry Sampling And Microbial Testing Of Spent Irrigation Water During Sprout Production 1999

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Reference 150 Suslow Water Disinfection A Practical Approach to Calculating Dose Values for Preharvest and Postharvest Application

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Reference 151 Mclellan et al Clonal Populations of Thermotolerant Enterobacteriaceae in Recreational Water and Their Potential Interference with Fecal Escherichia coli Counts Vol 67 No 10

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Reference 152 Jjemba et al Regrowth of Potential Opportunistic Pathogens and Algae in Reclaimed Water Distribution Systems Vol 76 No 13

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Reference 153 Cooley et al Incidence and Tracking of Escherichia coli O157H7 in a Major Produce Production Region in California Issue 11 No e1159

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Reference 154 Pachepsky et al Escherichia Coli and Fecal Coliforms in Freshwater and Estuarine Sediments Vol 41 No 12

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Reference 155 Wase et al Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality and swimming associated illness at marine beaches a prospective cohort study EH9

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Reference 156 Pruss Review of Epidemiological Studies on Health Effects from Exposure to Recreational Water Journal 27

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Reference 157 Droppo et al Modelling sediment microbial dynamics in the South Nation River Ontario Canada Towards the prediction of aquatic and human health risk Vol 45 No 12

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Reference 158 Haley et al Distribution Diversity and Seasonality of Waterborne Salmonellae in a Rural Watershed Vol 75 No 5

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Reference 159 Lipp et al The Effects of Seasonal Variability and Weather on Microbial Fecal Pollution and Enteric Pathogens in a Subtropical Estuary Vol 24 No 2

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Reference 16 Microbiological Safety Evaluations and Recommendations on Sprouted Seed National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Food 1999

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Reference 160 Buchanan et al Contamination of Intact Apples after Immersion in an Aqueous Environment Containing Escherichia coli O157H7 Vol 62 No 5

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Reference 161 Preliminary Experiments on the Effect of Temperature Differences on Dye Uptake by Oranges and Grapefruit

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Reference 162 Sivapalasingam et al A Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella enterica Serotype Newport Infection Linked to Mango Consumption Impact of Water Dip Disinfestation Technology Vol 37 No 12

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Reference 163 Ohio Compost Standards

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Reference 164 California Compostable Materials Requirements

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Reference 165 Jones et al A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON THE OCCURRENCE AND SURVIVAL OF PATHOGENS OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS IN GREEN COMPOST

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Reference 166 Fischer et al Experimental and Field Studies of Escherichia coli O157 H7 in White Tailed Deer Vol 67 No 3

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Reference 167 Evironmental Consultants Inc Research Concerning Human Pathogens and Environmental Issues Related to Composting of Non Green Feedstocks

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Reference 168 Shepherd et al Biosource Technology 101 Effect of heat shock treatment on the survival of Escherichia coli O157H7 and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium in dairy manure co composted with vegetable wastes under field conditions

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Reference 169 Renter et al Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 epidemiology and ecology in bovine production environments No 2

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Reference 17 Letter from FDA to Seed Suppliers Distributors and Sprouters 2009

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Reference 170 Yan et al Determining Sources of Fecal Bacteria in Waterways Environ Monit Assess 129 No 97

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Reference 171 Kim et al Journal of Food Protection Vol 72 No 9 Molecular Characterization of Biofilm Formation and Attachment of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104 on Food Contact Surfaces

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Reference 172 Ngodigha et al Scientific Research ans Essay Vol 4 No 3 Evaluation of the bacteriological characteristics of poultry litter as feedstuff for cattle

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Reference 173 Warning Letter to Tiny Greens

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Reference 174 Wichuk et al A review of the effectiveness of current time temperature regulations on pathogen inactivation during composting Vol 6

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Reference 175 Sidhu et al The Role of Indigenous Microrganisms in Suppression of Salmonella Regrowth in Composted Biosolids Vol 35 no4

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Reference 176 Pell Vol 80 Manure and Microbes Public and Animal Health Problem

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Reference 177 Kudva et al Analysis of Escherichia coli O157H7 Survival in Ovine or Bovine Manure and Manure Slurry Vol 64 No 9

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Reference 178 Jones Epidemiological Studies of Risks Applied Science

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Reference 179 Islam et al Survival of Escherichia coli O157H7 in soil and on carrots and onions grown in fields treated with contaminated manure composts or irrigation water Vol 22

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Reference 18 Letter from California Department of Public Health to Sprout Manufacturers 2008

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Reference 180 You et al Survival of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Newport in Manure and Manure-Amended Soils

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Reference 181 Himathongkham FEMS Micro Lettersw 171

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Reference 182 Martens et al Overview of the ability of different treatment methods for liquid and solid manure to inactivate pathogens Vol 100

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Reference 183 Weil et al Destruction of Select Human Pathogenic Bacteria

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Reference 184 Millner HACCP Compost for Fruit and Vegetable Production

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Reference 185 Field Guide to Compost Use

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Reference 186 Brinton et al Occurrence and Levels of Fecal Indicators and Pathogenic Bacteria in Market Ready Recycled Organic Matter Composts Vol 72 No 2

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Reference 187 Finstein et al Microbiology of Municipal Solid Waste Composting 19

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Reference 188 Suslow et al Production Practices as Risk Factors in Microbial Food Safety of Fresh and Fresh Cut Produce Vol 2

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Reference 189 Diez Gonzalez et al Grain Feeding and the Dissemination of Acid Resistant Escherichia coli from Cattle Science 281

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Reference 19 Produce Safety From Production To Consumption A Proposed Action Plan To Minimize Foodborne Illness Associated With Fresh Produce Consumption June 2004

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Reference 190 Sorber et al Survival and Transport of Pathogens in Sludge Amended Soil a Critical Literature Review Project Summary

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Reference 191 Jiang et al Fate of Escherichia coli O157H7 during Composting of Bovine Manure in a Laboratory Scale Bioreactor Vol 68 No 5

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Reference 192 Islam Fate of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium on Carrots and Radishes Grown in Fields Treated with Contaminated Manure Composts or Irrigation Water et al Vol 1 no1

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Reference 193 Peng et al Evaluation of the Effect of Temperature on the Die Off Rate for Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts in Water Soils and Feces Vol 74 No 23

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Reference 194 Semenov et al Influence of temperature£uctuations onEscherichia coli O157H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimuriumin cowmanure Vol 60 No 3

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Reference 195 Nicholson et al Pathogen survival during livestock manure storage and following land application Vol 96 No 2

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Reference 196 Placha et al The effect of summer and winter seasons on the survival of Salmonella typhimurium and indicator micro-organisms during the storage of solid fraction of pig slurry Vol 91 No 6

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Reference 197 Natvig et al Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Escherichia coli Contamination of Root and Leaf Vegetables Grown in Soils with Incorporated Bovine Manure Vol 68 No 6

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Reference 198 Wang et al Fate of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157H7 in Bovine Feces Vol 62 No 7

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Reference 199 Resource Conservation District of Monterey County Handbook of Agricultural Conservation Practices

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Reference 2 Draft Qualitative Assessment of Risk to Public Health From On Farm Contamination of Produce

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Reference 20 Association of Food and Drug Officials Model Code for Produce Safety for State and Local Regulatory Agencies Nov 2009

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Reference 200 Franz et al Ecology of E Coli O157H7 and Salmonella enterica in the Primary Vegetable Production Charin Vol 34 No3

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Reference 201 Whipp et al Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Animals as a Source of Escherichia coli Pathogenic for Human Beings

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Reference 202 Atwill et al NRCS Introduction to Waterborne Pathogens in Agricultural Watersheds

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Reference 203 Nielsen et al Verocytotoxin Producing Escherichia coli in Wild Birds and Rodents in Close Proximity to Farms Vol 70 No 11

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Reference 204 Brackett Incidence contributing factors and control of bacterial pathogens in produce Vol 15 No 3

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Reference 205 Francis et al The Microbiological Safety of Minimally Processed Vegetables Vol 34 No 1

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Reference 206 Beuchat et al Pathogenic Microorganisms Associated with Fresh Produce Vol 59 No 2

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Reference 207 Tompkin et al Guidelines to Prevent Post Processing Contamination from Listeria monocytogenes Vol 19 No8

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Reference 208 Microbiological safety evaluations and recommendations on fresh produce DeRoever 1998

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Reference 209 Lynch et al The Growing Burden of Foodborne Outbreaks Due to Contaminated Fresh Produce Risks and Opportunities Vol 137 No 3

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Reference 21 Reference 21 Non O157 Shiga Toxin Producing E Coli Environmental Assessment Report December 2010

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Reference 210 Beuchat et al Survival of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157H7 in Bovine Feces Applied to Lettuce and the Effectiveness of Chlorinated Water as a Disinfectant Vol 62 no8

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Reference 211 WHO A Review of Surface Decontamination of Fruits and Vegetables Eaten Raw

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Reference 212 Attachment of Escherichia coli O157H7 to Lettuce Leaf Surface and Bacterial Viability in Response to Chlorine Treatment as Demonstrated by Using Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy Vol 62 No1

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Reference 213 Brackett Microbiological Consequences of Minially Processed Fruits and Vegetables Vol 10

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Reference 214 Zhuang et al Fate of Salmonella montevideo on and in Raw Tomatoes as Affected by Temperature and Treatment with Chlorine Vol 61 No 6

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Reference 215 Riordan et al A Study of US Orchards to Identify Potential Sources of Escherichia coli O157H7 Vol 64 no9

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Reference 216 Duffy et al Monte Carlo simulation of the risk of contamination of apples with Escherichia coli O157H7 Vol 78

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Reference 217 Aruscavage et al Interactions Affecting the Proliferation and Control of Human Pathogens on Edible Plants Vol 71 No 8

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Reference 218 Aruscavage et al Survival and Dissemination of Escherichia coli O157H7 on Physically and Biologically Damaged Lettuce Plants Vol 71 No 12

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Reference 219 Sargent American Society of Agricultural Engineers Presentation

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Reference 22 Leafy Greens Safety Inititiave 2nd Year Food and Drug Administration

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Reference 220 Guidance for Industry Juice HACCP Hazards and Controls Guidance First Edition Final Guidance

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Reference 221 GMPs Appendix A Annotated Bibliography on Food Safety Problems and Recommended Controls Appendix A

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Reference 222 Sugiyama et al Growth Potential of Clostridium botulinum in Fresh Mushrooms Packaged in Semipermeable Plastic Film Vol 30 No 6

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Reference 223 Austin et al Growth Potential of Clostridium botulinum in Fresh Mushrooms Packaged in Semipermeable Plastic Film Vol 61 no3

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Reference 224 Farber et al Microbiological Safety of Controlled and Modified Atmosphere Packaging of Fresh and Fresh Cut Produce Vol S2

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Reference 225 Health Canada Advisory Concerning the Packaging of Fresh Mushrooms

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Reference 226 Abadias et al Microbial Quality of Commerical Gold Delicious Apples Throughout Production and Shelf Life in Lleida

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Reference 227 Gagliardi et al On Farm and Postharvest Processing Sources of Bacterial Contamination to Melon Rinds vol 66 No 1

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Reference 228 Duffy et al Concentrations of Escherichia coli and Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling of Salmonella Isolated from Irrigation Water Packing Shed Equipment and Fresh Produce in Texas Vol 68 No 1

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Reference 229 Taormina et al Transfer of Escherichia coli O157H7 to Iceberg Lettuce via Simulated Field Coring Vol 72 No 3

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Reference 23 Tomato Safety Initiative Food and Drug Administration June 2007

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Reference 230 Zhou et al Sanitation and Design of Lettuce Coring Knives for Minimizing Escherichia coli O157:H7 Contamination Vol 75 No 3

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Reference 231 Food Plant Sanitation Michael M Cramer

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Reference 232 Moore et al Transfer of Salmonella and Campylobacter from Stainless Steel to Romaine Lettuce et al Vol 66 No 12

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Reference 233 Evaluation of Sludge Treatments for Pathogen Reduction Carrington Report

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Reference 234 Bihn and Gravani Micro of Fresh Produce Role of Good Agricultural Practices in Fruit and Vegetable Safety

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Reference 235 Investigation of the Taco Johns Escherichia Coli O157 H7 Outbreak Associated with Iceberg Lettuce Final Report

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Reference 236 The Fecal Bacteria Sadowsky et al

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Reference 237 Institute for Food Safety and Health Sprout Safety Training Workshop 2011

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Reference 238 FDA Consumers Advised of Risks Associated With Raw Sprouts HHS News

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Reference 239 FDA Consumers Advised of Risks

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Reference 24 Memorandum of Understanding Between the United States Food and Drug Administration and the United States Department of Agriculture Research Education and Economics Food and Drug Administration

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Reference 240 Food Safety Authority of Ireland Guidelines on Safe Production of Ready to Eat Sprouted Seeds

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Reference 241 Safer Processing of Sprouts Video

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Reference 242 Proposal P1004 Primary Production & Processing Standard For Seed Sprouts Approval Report

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Reference 243 Fett et al Seed Sprouts the State of Microbiological Safety Micro of Fresh Produce

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Reference 244 Scientific Opinion on the risk posed by Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli STEC and other pathogenic bacteria in seeds and sprouted seeds

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Reference 245 Canadian Code of Practice for the Hygienic Production of Sprouted Seeds

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Reference 246 FDA Public Meeting Sprout Safety Transcript of Proceedings

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Reference 247 Steinmuller et al Outbreaks of Enteric Disease Associated with Animal Contact Not Just a Foodborne Problem Anymore

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Reference 248 Winthrop et al Alfalfa Sprouts and Salmonella Kottbus Infection A Multistate Outbreak following Inadequate Seed Disinfection with Heat and Chlorine Vol 66 No 1

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Reference 249 Gill et al Alfalfa Seed Decontamination in a Salmonella Outbreak Vol 9 No 4

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Reference 25 International Outreach and Technical Assistance Food and Drug Administration

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Reference 250 Brooks Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Transmitted by Chlorine Pretreated Clover Sprout Seeds Vol 154 No 11

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Reference 251 Montville Monte Carlo Simulation of Pathogen Behavior During the Sprout Production Process Vol 71 No 2

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Reference 252 Amalgamated Produce, Inc. Recalls Sprouts in the North Eastern United States Because of Possible Health Risk

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Reference 253 Recalls Listeria monocytogenes in Sprouts

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Reference 254 Food Safety and Inspection Service Listeria Guidelines for Industry

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Reference 255 Stewart Use of Spent Irrigation Water for Microbiological Analysis of Alfalfa Sprouts Vol 64 No 6

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Reference 256 Smith Mem to Record Sprout Testing

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Reference 257 Chen Control of Salmonella in Low moisture Foods III Process Validation and Environmental Monitoring 2009

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Reference 258 International Commission for the Microbiological Specifications of Foods ICMSF Sampling to Assess Control of the Environment In Microorganisms in Foods

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Reference 259 Tompkin Control of Listeria monocytogenes in the Food Processing Environment Vol 65 No 4

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Reference 26 Gravani Produce Safety Project Issue Brief Farm Worker Health and Hygiene Georgetown University Produce Safety Project 2010

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Reference 260 FDA Guidance for Industry Control of Listeria monocytogenes in Refrigerated or Frozen Ready To Eat Foods Draft Guidance 2008

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Reference 261 USDA Instruction Recordkeeping

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Reference 262 Tomato Best Practices Manual

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Reference 263 LGMA California Leafy Green Products

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Reference 264 Merriam Webster Online Prepare

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Reference 265 FDA Analysis to Examine Impacts of Produce Safety Rule

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Reference 266 Proffitt and McCarthy re Memorandum to the Record

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Reference 267 Multistate Outbreak of Listeriosis Linked to Whole Cantaloupes from Jensen Farms

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Reference 268 Norton et al Foodborne Listeriosis In Listeria Listeriosis and Food Safety

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Reference 269 Schlech et al Epidemic Listeriosis Evidence for Transmission by Food

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Reference 27 Erickson et al Issue Brief on Composting of Animal Manures Composting Criteria for Animal Manure 2010

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Reference 270 Ho et al An Outbreak of Type 4b Listeria Monocytogenes Infection Involving Patients From Eight Boston Hospitals

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Reference 271 FDA Lab Results Positive for Listeria at SanGar Fresh Cut Produce 2010

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Reference 272 CDC Investigation of an Outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul Infections Linked to Raw Alfalfa

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Reference 273 Information on the Recalled Jensen Farms Whole Cantaloupes

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Reference 28 Lowell et al Safe and Sustainable Co Managing for Food Safety and Ecological Health in Californias Central Coast Region 2010

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Reference 29 Suslow Safety Project Issue Brief Standards for Irrigation and Foliar Contact Water

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Reference 3 Memo to Record re Produce Related Outbreaks and illnesses December 13 2011 Dlima Outbreaks

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Reference 30 Noland et al Safeway Quality Assurance and Consumer Protection Policy

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Reference 31 California Leafy Green Products Handler Marketing Agreement

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Reference 32 Arizona Leafy Green Products Shipper Marketing Agreement Arizona Department of Agriculture

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Reference 33 Product Quality and Safety Wegmans

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Reference 34 Mahovic, and Food and Drug Administration Memorandum to the Record June 2011

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Reference 35 Memo to Record re Coordination with USDA and State Department of Agriculture May 2012 Wise

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Reference 36 National Organic Standards Board Compost Tea Task Force Report April 2004

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Reference 37 CDC Outbreak of Salmonella Serotype Saintpaul Infections Associated with Multiple Raw Produce Items 2008

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Reference 38 Penteado et al Evidence of Salmonella Internalization into Fresh Mangos During Simulated Postharvest Insect Disinfestation Procedures

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Reference 39 Occurrence of Pathogens in Distribution and Marketing Municipal Sludges 2004 Yanko

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Reference 4 Memo to Record re Information Related to FDA Inspections Investigations and Surveillance Sampling June 15 2012 Smith

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Reference 40 Codex General Principles of Food Hygiene

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Reference 41 Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Principles and Application Guidelines August 1997

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Reference 42 FDA Quantitative Risk Assessment Proposed Produce Rule April 2012

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Reference 43 Commodity Specific Food Safety Guidelines for the Melon Supply Chain 1st Edition Nov 2005

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Reference 44 Commodity Specific Food Safety Guidelines for Fresh Tomato Supply Chain 2nd Edition 2008

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Reference 45 CA Leafy Green Products Handler Marketing Agreement Lettuce Leafy Greens

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Reference 46 Commodity Specific Food Safety Guidelines for the Production Harvest Post Harvest and Valued Added Unit Operations of Green Onions Feb 2010

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Reference 47 Codex Code of Hygienic Practice for Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

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Reference 48 Field Operations and Harvesting Harmonized FS Standard 2011

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Reference 49 Postharvest Operations Harmonized Food Safety Standard

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Reference 5 Memo to Record re Foreign Surveillance Inspections December 3 2011 Viazis

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Reference 50 Codex Alimentarius Fresh Fruits and Vegetables 2007

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Reference 51 Global GAP Integrated Farm Assurance Version 4 Documents Fruit and Vegetables

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Reference 52 Costco Mandates Produce Testing

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Reference 53 Perishable Pundit A Closer Look at Finished Product Testing 2007 Prevor

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Reference 54 White Paper United Fresh

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Reference 55 Acquisition of Microbiological Data to Enhance Food Safety 2000 Buchanan Vol 61 No 6

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Reference 56 International Commission for the Microbiological Specifications of Foods ICMSF Selection and Use of Acceptance Criteria In Microorganisms in Foods 7 Microbiological Testing in Food Safety Management

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Reference 57 FDA Inspection Operations Manual

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Reference 58 MDP Program Data

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Reference 59 Wells Salmonella Contamination Associated

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Reference 6 CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report September 7 2007 Volume 56 No 35

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Reference 60 FDA Bad Bug Book

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Reference 61 Merriam Webster

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Reference 62 Beyer Basic Procedures for Agaricus Mushroom Growing

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Reference 63 Commodities Covered by PACA

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Reference 64 Food Groups Vegetables

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Reference 65 Produce Facts in English

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Reference 66 Produce Marketing Guide

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Reference 67 Mushroom GAP

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Reference 68 Good Sprout News

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Reference 69 California Almond GAPs

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Reference 7 re Memo to Record Chemical Physical and Radiological Hazards Associated with Produce May 29 2012 Beru

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Reference 70 American Peanut Council GAPs

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Reference 71 PACA Directive 2020

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Reference 72 Food Groups Protein

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Reference 73 My Plate Grains

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Reference 74 Codex Mycotoxin Contamination in Cereals

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Reference 75 Mazzotta JFP64 no3

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Reference 76 Doyle JFP64 no3

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Reference 77 DiPersio JFP68 no12

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Reference 78 Bari JFP71 no4

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Reference 79 Memo to Record Johanson Rarely Consumed Raw

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Reference 8 Safety Enforcement Reports 2011

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Reference 80 Hoelzer JFP75 no2

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Reference 81 Intentionally Omitted

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Reference 82 Bianchini

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Reference 83 FDA Guidance Fresh Cut

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Reference 84 Guidance Antimicrobial

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Reference 85 A Time to Act

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Reference 86 Farms Land in Farms

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Reference 87 Draft Guidance Testing for Salmonella

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Reference 88 Guidance Salmonella Peanut Derived product

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Reference 89 NOSB Formal Recommendations to the National Organic Program 2006

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Reference 9 Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation 2008 Volume 1

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Reference 90 Florida composting reg

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Reference 91 EPA Part 503

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Reference 92 Environmental Regulations and Technology Control of Pathogens and Vector Attraction in Sewage Sludge

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Reference 93 California Regulations

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Reference 94 Composting Fact Sheets

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Reference 95 CPG555750

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Reference 96 Codex Food Hygiene

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Reference 97 NRCS Composting Handbook

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Reference 98 Whitehead JSFA14 no12

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Reference 99 Troller Sanitation in Food Processing

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Reference List 1 Thru 273

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Posted: 01/16/2013 ID: FDA-2011-N-0921-0002